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Purpose – This paper aims to explore the key anchors of the National Innovation System shaping the nature of collaboration between academic high-performance computing centres (academic HPC centres) and small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) working in the automotive and electronics sectors of the Danube region. With two main research questions, it discusses the importance of knowledge transfer and technology transfer for collaboration between University and Industry (U-I collaboration) in three groups of developmentally distinct countries: competitively advanced, competitively intermediate and competitively lagging. As main anchors of the innovation system, stable legal environment, exciting innovation policies and strong R&D funding are recognised. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative empirical study in 14 Danube region countries included 92 focus group participants, expert representatives of academic HPC centres and SMEs. The data were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed. Findings – The findings show the main prerequisites of the framework conditions for efficient U-I collaboration evolve through a goal-oriented National Innovation Policy and developed and functioning legal environment supporting labour market and intellectual property (IP) protection and enforcement. Additionally, skilled people are needed to be able to operate with HPC, where it seems all the countries lack such skilled workforce. In competitively lagging countries, the high levels of brain drain exhibit strong impact to U-I collaboration. Research limitations/implications – Research into relationships between academic HPC centres and SMEs conducted was qualitative; therefore, limitations in terms of generalisation arise from it. On the other hand, the research is promising in terms of offering the guidance for policy makers who can use the findings when delivering innovation policy mix, adjusted to developmental level of own innovation ecosystem. Originality/value – The study is among the pioneering work in U-I collaboration between academic HPC centres and SMEs from automotive and electronics industries in the Danube region. The research addresses the dynamics of collaboration and offers policy implications to strengthen the particular U-I collaboration. 研究目的 – 本文旨在探究國家創新系統的主要支柱; 這些支柱決定了學術性的高速網路與計算中心 (註: 此為直譯) (以下簡稱學術高網算中心) 與於多瑙河地區的汽車製造業和電子產品行業內營運的中小型企業之間的合作性質。本文透過兩條主要的研究問題、去探討知識轉移和技術轉讓對大學與產業界之間的合作的重要性而這些產業是屬於在發展階段上三個明顯不同的國家組別裏的這三個組別是 競爭先進的、競爭性中級的和競爭落後的。穩定的法律環境、令人興奮的創新政策和強大的研究與開發資金被認為是創新系統的三個主要支柱。 研究設計 – 研究人員在14個位於多瑙河地區的國家裏進行一個質性觀察研究研究涵蓋92個焦點小組參與者、來自學術高網算中心和中小型企業的專家代表。有關的數據被錄音繼而被轉寫下來最後被分析。 研究結果 – 研究結果顯示效率高的大學產業界合作的框架條件的主要先決條件是透過一個以目標為導向的國家創新政策而逐漸形成繼而發展起來; 另外所需的條件是一個支援勞工市場、保障知識產權、並執行有關的法律的正常運作的法律環境。其次若想與學術高網算中心一起工作技術人才是必須的因學術高網算中心內的所有國家似乎欠缺技術勞動力。在落後於競爭對手的國家裏高度的人才外流對大學與產業界之間的合作會產生重大的影響。 研究的局限/啟示 – 由於研究採用的研究方法為質性研究法故研究結果、就普遍化的歸納而言是有其局限的。唯研究結果在實務方面有其作用因政策制定者在推行與科技進步與對策有關的策略時他們可把研究結果作為指引就其自身創新生態系統的發展水準而作出適當的調整。 研究的原創性/價值 – 本研究探討涉及學術高網算中心與於多瑙河地區的汽車製造業和電子產品行業內營運的中小型企業之間合作的大學產業界合作就此而言可說是開創性研究之一。本研究探究有關的大學產業界合作的變革動力並為政策制定者提供啟示以能強化有關的合作。

This study aimed to measure and compare the osmolality and tonicity of isotonic beverages that can be bought on the Slovenian market. The main goal was to examine how good is the agreement between the measured osmolalities of the beverages and the requirements for isotonic beverages set up by EFSA. Osmolalities were measured with an osmometer using the freezing point depression method. Afterwards, two complementary methods for the observation of tonicity were developed. Erythrocytes were exposed to standard NaCl solutions of different osmolalities to observe their influence on the volume and shape of cells following the turbidity of the solution and the morphology of erythrocytes. These two methods enabled us to determine whether standard solutions were hypo-, iso-, or hypertonic. In this way, we found that the osmolality of 12 out of the 18 investigated isotonic beverages was in the range of 270–330 mOsm/kg, as required by EFSA. However, six samples did not meet this criterion and should therefore not have the label “isotonic” or be described as such. The measurements of turbidity of solutions indicated that most isotonic beverages exhibit a lower tonicity than standard NaCl solutions of identical osmolality. However, examination of the erythrocytes in isotonic beverages showed that the measurements were additionally complicated by the low pH values of these beverages. Finally, by demonstrating how different components of isotonic beverages pass through the erythrocyte membranes, we found that even isoosmolal beverages are often not isotonic, as the concentration of actively transported sugars in these beverages is relatively high.

This study aimed to measure and compare the osmolality and tonicity of isotonic beverages that can be bought on the Slovenian market. The main goal was to examine how good is the agreement between the measured osmolalities of the beverages and the requirements for isotonic beverages set up by EFSA. Osmolalities were measured with an osmometer using the freezing point depression method. Afterwards, two complementary methods for the observation of tonicity were developed. Erythrocytes were exposed to standard NaCl solutions of different osmolalities to observe their influence on the volume and shape of cells following the turbidity of the solution and the morphology of erythrocytes. These two methods enabled us to determine whether standard solutions were hypo-, iso-, or hypertonic. In this way, we found that the osmolality of 12 out of the 18 investigated isotonic beverages was in the range of 270–330 mOsm/kg, as required by EFSA. However, six samples did not meet this criterion and should therefore not have the label "isotonic" or be described as such. The measurements of turbidity of solutions indicated that most isotonic beverages exhibit a lower tonicity than standard NaCl solutions of identical osmolality. However, examination of the erythrocytes in isotonic beverages showed that the measurements were additionally complicated by the low pH values of these beverages. Finally, by demonstrating how different components of isotonic beverages pass through the erythrocyte membranes, we found that even isoosmolal beverages are often not isotonic, as the concentration of actively transported sugars in these beverages is relatively high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Članek obravnava opis sedmih slik z Jazonovega plašča v Apolonijevih Argonavtikah (1.721–68). Posvečen je predvsem funkciji samega opisa in položaju opisa v širšem kontekstu pesnitve. Vsaka slika prikazuje mitološko zgodbo, ki se vsebinsko ali metaforično navezuje na določene dogodke v Argonavtikah. Notranja meja, ki loči opis od pripovedi, je večinoma precej nedoločljiva. Pri posameznih opisih slik se narativni in opisni deli prepletajo znotraj samega opisa. Ker to pomeni soprisotnost dveh medijev, verbalnega in vizualnega, skuša avtorica izslediti možne neposredne likovne vplive ali vsaj vpliv posameznih ikonografskih motivov, predvsem pa pokaže, kako se v opisih prepletajo sredstva likovnega in verbalnega, kateri so tisti elementi, ki ustvarjajo vizualne učinke, ter kako prepoznamo »slikovni realizem«.

In Štore Steel steelworks steel is casted on a three strand continuous casting machine. Lining of tundish is mainly made from a magnesia based material. Tundish cover powder is based on alumina and silica. It also contains aluminum and carbon.

Štore Steel produces steel grades for spring, forging and engineering industry applications. Steelmaking technology consists of scrap melting in Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), secondary metallurgy in Ladle Furnace (LF) and continuous casting of billets (CC). Hydrogen content during steelmaking of various steel grades and steelmaking technologies was measured. Samples of steel melt from EAF, LF and CC were collected and investigated. Sampling from Electric Arc Furnace and Ladle Furnace was carried out using vacuum pin tubes. Regular measurements of hydrogen content in steel melt were made using Hydris device. Hydrogen content results measured in tundish by Hydris device were compared with results from pin tube samples. Based on the measurement results it was established that hydrogen content during steelmaking increases. The highest values were determined in tundish during casting. Factors that influence the hydrogen content in liquid steel the most were steelmaking technology and alloying elements.

Opis skodele v Teokritovi Prvi idili je vrivek, ki pa ni zgolj dekorativen, ampak je integralni del pesnitve. Notranja meja, ki opis loči od pripovedi, je nedoločljiva. Skodela je izdelana iz lesa in ima na zunanji strani izrezljane tri slike v linearnem zaporedju. Na prvi sliki sta upodobljena moška, ki tekmujeta za žensko naklonjenost, na drugi je stari ribič, ki lovi ribe, na tretji pa deček v vinogradu, ki plete mrežo za kobilico. Motivno in slogovno se opis navezuje na starejšo tradicijo; prizora tekmecev in vinograda najdemo tudi na Ahilovem ščitu. Pri analizi besedila sem izhajala iz retorične tehnike ekphrasis: »Ekfraza je opisni govor, ki živo privede pred oči to, kar se opisuje« (Spengel, Theon, Prog. 11, 239). V ospredje stopa ideal žive nazornosti (enargeia), ki opis spremeni v ekfrazo oziroma pri bralcu ali poslušalcu doseže iluzijo slike. Pomembno vlogo imajo barve in material, iz katerega so narejeni izdelki (rumeni cvetovi, sivi lasje, temno grozdje, lesena skodela). Ločiti moramo »enargejo« kot predstavljivost same slike in »enargejo«, ki jo v opisu dosežemo z besednimi učinki. »Enargejo« je mogoče stopnjevati z opisom gibanja, dejanj, misli in nagibov v pripovednih delih, npr. z aliteracijo in asonanco. Ali gre za opis realne ali fiktivne umetnine? Opis se navezuje na konkretne ikonografske tipe in posnema nekatere estetske težnje likovnih predlog, vendar gre obenem za ustvarjalen literarni konstrukt, ki se navezuje na retorično-filozofsko teorijo o domišljijski upodobitvi, phantasia. »Slikovni realizem« tega opisa sledi težnjam pozne klasične dobe. Pesnik se pri opisu osredotoči na bistvene elemente zgodbe, ker predvideva, da poslušalci/bralci poznajo vsebino. Poleg tega se Teokritov opis ne omejuje na vprašanje »vizualnega« v besedni umetnini, temveč pripoved komentira. V tem kontekstu je mogoče opis razumeti kot metaforo za življenjsko vztrajnost – nasproti smrti, ki jo v tej pesmi izbere Dafnis.

Osteopetrosis is a rare form of sclerosing bone dysplasias which in some cases requires orthopedic surgical management of its complications. It is characterized by osteosclerosis, brittle bones and obliteration of the medullary cavity. Therefore, surgery in these cases is difficult and results can be compromised by postoperative complications. We present a case of a 73-year-old patient treated at our institution in a period of 24 years. In this period, the patient had bilateral primary hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty, revision surgeries of both THA's and lumbar spine surgeries. The treatment of infected THA and periprosthetic fractures ended with satisfactory results but complications of the spinal surgery resulted in a poor clinical outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remains of metallurgical activities have been discovered recently at the locality Felix Romuliana near Zaječar (Eastern Serbia), with a lot of slag occurrences and metal findings. Samples, taken from this locality, have been investigated using different characterization methods - chemical analysis, XRD and SEM-EDX, in order to clarify the Early Byzantine metallurgical activities at Felix Romuliana.

Protective oxide and/or nitride layers on AISI 321 stainless steel were prepared by thermal treatment in air and two controlled atmospheres in a laboratory simulation of an actual technological procedure. Samples’ surface was imaged by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), elemental composition of the substrates was checked by Wavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy (WDS) and depth profiles of the samples were measured by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES). Since protective layer thicknesses were found to be of the order of hundreds of nanometers an attempt was made to obtain some fast averaged information about layers composition by Wavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy (WDS) with appropriately adjusted primary beam energy. Electrochemical corrosion testing was also performed on samples.

The role of a protective coating is to diminish the steel surface scaling during the reheating for hot rolling. The protective coating consists of several components, and the effect of the coating is based on the formation of the modification of Al2O3, amorphous SiO2 and FeO×Al2O3, which all exhibit low permeability to oxygen at temperature up to 1200 °C. The silica sand powder from the cyclone is a waste product in the separation of silica sand. Tests confirmed that waste cyclone powder could replace the silica flour as one of the ingredients in the protective coating. The results of the efficiency of the protective coating after the advanced application of waste cyclone powder on AISI 1059 and AISI 6150 steels are presented. The application of the coating decreased the oxidation and decarburisation of the steel surface during the reheating for hot rolling.

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Bacterial infections are an increasingly serious issue worldwide. The inability of existing therapies to treat multidrug‐resistant pathogens has been recognized as an important challenge of the 21st century. Efflux pumps are important in both intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance and identification of small molecule efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs), capable of restoring the effectiveness of available antibiotics, is an active research field. In the last two decades, much effort has been made to identify novel EPIs. However, none of them has so far been approved for therapeutic use. In this article, we explore different structural families of currently known EPIs for multidrug resistance efflux systems in the most extensively studied pathogens (NorA in Staphylococcus aureus, AcrAB‐TolC in Escherichia coli, and MexAB‐OprM in Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Both synthetic and natural compounds are described, with structure‐activity relationship studies and optimization processes presented systematically for each family individually. In vitro activities against selected test strains are presented in a unifying manner for all the EPIs described, together with the most important toxicity, pharmacokinetic and in vivo efficacy data. A critical evaluation of lead‐likeness characteristics and the potential for clinical development of the most promising inhibitors of the three efflux systems is described. This overview of EPIs is a good starting point for the identification of novel effective antibacterial drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die vorgeschichtliche Siedlung in Ormož liegt am FluB Drava am Treffpunkt der pannonischen und Voralpenwelt. Durch das gefundene Material kann sie in die steirische Hallstattgruppe (bzw. in die Ruše-Gruppe der Urnenfelderkultur, fortsetzend in die Hallstattgruppe Martijanec-Kaptol) eingereiht werden und dauert die ganze Ha B- und die Ha C-Periode durch. Im Aufsatz werden einige Einheiten mit dem ausgewahlten Material vorgestellt, aufgrund derer die Funde in drei Stufen eingeteilt werden konnen, in die Stufen Ormož wobei die erste Stufe in Ha B 1 und B2, die zweite in Ha B 3 und friihe Ha C-Periode gehdrt, die dritte Stufe wird aber in die entwickelte Ha C-Periode verwiesen. Diese Einteilung stimmt hauptsfichlich mit der Gliederung anderer Fundstellen der steirischen Hallstattgruppe nach B. T e r ž an uberein,3 in Betrachtnahme beider jtingeren Stufen aber auch mit den Resultaten von CDobiat" fur die Sulmtalnekropole und von K. Vinski-Gasparini12 fttr die Gruppe Martijanec- Kaptol. Die relativchronologische Paral lelisierung mit den benachbarten Kulturgruppen wird auBC den selten vorkommenden Metallgegenstanden vor allem durch die aus dem D o n a u g e b i i '1 stammende Ornamentik ermflglicht, denn sie ist in Ormož starker vertreten als in a n d e r e n Fundstellen der steirischen Gruppe, verbreitet sich aber zum Teil noch weiter nach Westen, i" Mittelslowenien (Ljubljana, Kranj) und in die Este-Kultur. „ Somit kann die Stufe Ormož I im Osten mit der Stufe Bosut III a nach P. M e d o v ič (Kalakača-Phase, bzw. Bosut I nach R. Vasič29) verglichen werden, wobei das F u n d m a t e r i a ' aus Ormož ftir die filtere Datierung dieser Stufe in das 9. und 10. Jh. spricht. In Mittelslowenien finden wir Vergleiche mit der Stufe Ljubljana I nach S. Gabrovec,11 und im Westen mit Est«'1 Die Stufe Ormož II wird im Osten mit der Stufe Bosut III b (Busarabi-Horizont, bzw. B