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Abstract Background Due to its rarity, information on pulmonary metastasectomy for pulmonary metastasis from ovarian cancer is limited. Methods Cases of pulmonary metastasectomy for ovarian cancer were collected in a multi-institutional setting and the outcomes were analyzed. Results Among 1508 cases in which pulmonary resection was performed to treat pulmonary metastasis from tumors of various organs, 6 cases (0.4%) involved pulmonary metastasis from ovarian cancer. The mean age was 61 years (range, 39–75 years). The histological types were undifferentiated carcinoma in 2 patients, and clear cell adenocarcinoma, serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma, serous adenocarcinoma, and endometroid adenocarcinoma in 1 patient each. One patient (17%) had a history of liver metastasis at the time of pulmonary resection. The median disease-free interval was 22 months (range, 0 [synchronous]-188 months). The tumor was solitary in 5 patients (83%). The mean tumor size was 15 mm (range, 5–23 mm). All 6 patients underwent complete resection. The type of resection was wide wedge resection in 3 patients, segmentectomy in 2 patients, and lobectomy in 1 patient. Four patients (67%) received postoperative chemotherapy. Thus far, 4 patients (67%) have experienced recurrence after pulmonary resection. In terms of outcomes, 1 patient who had synchronous pulmonary metastasis with the primary tumor died in the early period after pulmonary resection, 1 patient is alive without recurrence after a short follow-up period (5 months), 3 patients have achieved mid- to long-term survival and are alive with disease (38–61 months), and 1 patient achieved long-term (61 months) disease-free survival. Conclusions Patients with pulmonary metastasis from ovarian cancer who fulfill the eligibility criteria for pulmonary metastasectomy are rare. Pulmonary metastasectomy for ovarian cancer can provide favorable outcomes in highly selected patients. Patients with synchronous pulmonary metastasis from ovarian cancer are not good candidates for pulmonary metastasectomy.

A 23-year-old man received denosumab therapy for histologically proven multiple pulmonary metastases from a giant cell tumor of the distal femur after surgery. Pulmonary metastases decreased in size six months after the initial denosumab administration. The toxicities of denosumab such as hypocalcemia and osteomyelitis of the jaw were not observed during the treatment period. Denosumab therapy resulted in the achievement of an objective response and disease stability for pulmonary metastases within five years of its initiation.

Abstract Background As the toxicity associated with the α-GalCer-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) therapy could be considered to be negligible, its addition to postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy would be expected to greatly improve the therapeutic effect, and could result in prolonged survival. The aim of the present study is to compare the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-galactosylceramide-pulsed DC therapy in patients who have undergone a complete resection of stage II–IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) followed by postoperative adjuvant therapy with cisplatin plus vinorelbine, to that in patients who did not receive additional treatment (surgical resection plus postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy only). Methods Subsequent to the complete resection of NSCLC, followed by the administration of cisplatin plus vinorelbine dual-agent combination adjuvant chemotherapy, patients who satisfy the inclusion criteria will be randomly allocated to either the α-GalCer-pulsed DC immune therapy group, or the standard treatment group. In total, 56 patients will be included in the study. The primary endpoint is recurrence-free survival, and the secondary endpoints are natural killer T-cell-specific immune response, the frequency of toxic effects and safety, and overall survival. Discussion In order to determine the efficacy of α-GalCer-pulsed DC therapy, the present study compares patients with stage II–III NSCLC who underwent complete surgical resection followed by postoperative adjuvant therapy with cisplatin plus vinorelbine, to those who did not receive additional treatment (surgical resection plus postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy only). Trial registration UMIN000010386 ( R000012145 ). Registered on 1 April 2013. UMIN-CTR is officially recognized as a registration site which satisfies ICMJE criteria.

Angiomyolipoma (AML) arising in the liver is rare and usually benign, but it occasionally has malignant potential. A 58-year-old man with a liver tumor identified by a previous doctor with features suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma on computed tomography (CT) underwent anterior segmentectomy of the liver in 2006. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of exclusively epithelioid cells that were scatteredly positive for human melanoma black 45 on immunohistochemistry. Accordingly, primary hepatic epithelioid AML (eAML) was diagnosed. The patient was subsequently referred to our hospital for follow-up after hepatectomy. He had event-free survival for nearly 7 years. In 2013, two well-defined round nodules were detected in the right lung field by chest CT, and partial pneumonectomy was performed for diagnosis and treatment. Histological examination of the resected lung tissue showed that it was morphologically and immunohistochemically identical to his primary hepatic eAML, leading to the diagnosis of pulmonary metastasis. This paper demonstrates a rare case of malignant hepatic eAML with late recurrence in the lung after hepatectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Purpose  We investigated whether adjuvant immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) cell wall skeleton (CWS) and surgical resection was better than resection, with or without other adjuvant therapy, for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods  The case group comprised 71 patients who underwent radical surgery for NSCLC, followed by BCG-CWS immunotherapy, with follow-up data available. The case-control study was designed with one control selected for each case-group patient. Each control was matched by pathological stage and year of birth (±5 years). BCG-CWS 200 μg was inoculated intracutaneously in the upper arm four times per week (sensitization phase); then at 4-week intervals (therapeutic phase). Results  The case-group patients received 45 ± 22.6 (average ± SD) cycles of BCG-CWS inoculation. Overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 71% and 61% for the case-group patients, and 63% and 43% for the control-group patients. The survival rate of the case group was better than that of the control group (not significant; P = 0.114). The same trend was seen in the patients with stage III or N+ NSCLC (not significant; P = 0.114, P = 0.168). There were no life-threatening adverse events. Conclusions  BCG-CWS immunotherapy seemed to improve survival after resection of NSCLC, especially locally advanced NSCLC. Moreover, this immunotherapy did not compromise quality of life during treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In August 1997, a 68-year-old man presented with right pelvic pain. Pelvic computed tomography (CT) and bone scintigraphy showed a huge tumor of the right iliac bone. No other lesion was detected, in spite of a high serum carcinoembryonic antigen level (CEA, 963?ng/ml). In October 1997, the iliac bone tumor was widely resected, and thereafter was diagnosed to be a metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. After a resection, the serum CEA level dropped as low as 6.4?ng/ml, but gradually went up to 80?ng/ml in October 1999. Next, a lung tumor in the left upper lobe was detected by routine chest CT. In January 2000, a left upper lobectomy was performed, and based on not only the pathological findings but also on an immunohistochemical analysis for napsin A expression, the tumor was diagnosed to be lung adenocarcinoma. The histological and immunohistochemical findings in the previously resected bone lesion were completely compatible with those in the pulmonary tumor, which was finally regarded as M1 lung cancer. In October 2002, the patient was alive without any symptoms, although the serum CEA level was elevated again. We consider this case worthy of presentation because of its unique clinical course as well as the successful long-term survival after surgical treatment alone, for both the primary and metastatic lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]