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1,642 results on '"K. Qian"'

1. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ELM WITH A-OPTIMIZED DESIGN REGULARIZATION FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY CLASSIFICATION

Author: Y. Lin, T. Zhang, K. Qian, G. Xie, and J. Cai
Subjects: Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820
Abstract: The automatic classification technology of remote sensing images is the key technology to extract the rich geo-information in remote sensing images and to monitor the dynamic changes of land use and ecological environment. Remote sensing images have the characteristics of large amount of information and many dimensions. Therefore, how to classify and extract the information in remote sensing images has become a crucial issue in the field of remote sensing science. With the development of neural network theory, many scholars have carried out research on the application of neural network models in remote sensing image classification. However, there are still some problems to be solved in artificial neural network methods. In this study, considering the problem of large-scale land classification for medium resolution and multi-spectral remote sensing imagery, an improved machine learning algorithm based on extreme learning machine for remote sensing classification has been developed via regularization theory. The improved algorithm is more suitable for the application of post-classification change monitoring of features in large scale imaging. In this study, our main job is to evaluate the performance of ELM with A-optimal design regularization (here we call it simply as A-optimal RELM). So the accuracy and efficiency of A-optimal RELM algorithm for remote sensing imagery classification, as well as the algorithms of support vector machine (SVM) and original ELM are compared in the experiments. The experimental results show that A-optimal RELM performs the best on all three different images with overall accuracy of 97.27% and 95.03% respectively. Besides, the A-optimal RELM performs better on the details of distinguish similar and confusing terrestrial object pixels.
Published: 2020
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2. Advanced materials for precise detection and antibiotic-free inhibition of bacteria

Author: W. Liu, R. Wang, V. Vedarethinam, L. Huang, and K. Qian
Subjects: Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract: The infection induced by harmful bacteria has become one of the leading public health concerns worldwide, threatening social health and the economy. In addition, new and multidrug-resistant pathogens are continuously emerging with the abuse of antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop advanced platforms for precise detection and antibiotic-free inhibition of pathogens toward large-scale clinical applications. Advanced materials with unique structure and surface chemistry have emerged in bacterial detection and inhibition, while still lacking explicit elaboration of the connections between material properties and analytical/inhibition performance. This review describes the recent advancements regarding the precise detection of pathogens based on advanced materials incorporated with analytical approaches, including colorimetry, fluorescence, and molecular fingerprinting platforms. The antibacterial applications of advanced material-assisted platforms are then reviewed from three mechanism concepts of physical, chemical, and synergetic damage. The review ends with ideas on current limitations and some potential perspectives, thus may serving as a handbook to guide future research.
Published: 2022
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3. Janus particles: design, preparation, and biomedical applications

Author: H. Su, C.-A. Hurd Price, L. Jing, Q. Tian, J. Liu, and K. Qian
Subjects: Medicine (General), R5-920, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Janus particles with an anisotropic structure have emerged as a focus of intensive research due to their diverse composition and surface chemistry, which show excellent performance in various fields, especially in biomedical applications. In this review, we briefly introduce the structures, composition, and properties of Janus particles, followed by a summary of their biomedical applications. Then we review several design strategies including morphology, particle size, composition, and surface modification, that will affect the performance of Janus particles. Subsequently, we explore the synthetic methodologies of Janus particles, with an emphasis on the most prevalent synthetic method (surface nucleation and seeded growth). Following this, we highlight Janus particles in biomedical applications, especially in drug delivery, bio-imaging, and bio-sensing. Finally, we will consider the current challenges the materials face with perspectives in the future directions. Keywords: Biomedical engineering, Drug delivery, Bio-imaging, Bio-sensing
Published: 2019
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4. Resistance and integron characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii in a teaching hospital in Chongqing, China

Author: C. Huang, Q. Long, K. Qian, T. Fu, Z. Zhang, P. Liao, and J. Xie
Subjects: Acinetobacter baumannii, drug resistance, integron, integron cassettes, Intensive Care Unit, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: A total of 189 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were collected in 2011 from a teaching hospital in Chongqing, China. Susceptibility data showed strains carrying integrons were significantly more resistant to all tested antibiotics that strains lacking integrons. Five types of gene cassettes belonging to class I integrons were identified in this study, and for the first time two types of gene cassettes belonging to class II integrons are reported. Most of the cassettes belong to a class I integron (136/144) encoding arr3, aacA4, dfrA17, aadA5, aadB, cat, blaOXA10, aadA1, aadA2, dfrA and aacC1. Isolates contained a class I gene cassette; AadA2-HP-dfrA was the prevalent strain in this hospital. A class II integron was detected in eight strains, which contained the type IV fimbriae expression regulatory gene pilR and sulfate adenylyltransferase, suggesting a possible role in multidrug resistance. The major epidemic strains from intensive care unit patients belong to international clone 2. In conclusion, the presence of integrons was significantly associated with multiple drug resistance of A. baumannii in this hospital, and class I integron isolates bearing AadA2-HP-dfrA were the prevalent strain in this hospital.
Published: 2015
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5. Performance of Cross-layer Design with Multiple Outdated Estimates in Multiuser MIMO System

Author: X. Yu, Y. Liu, Y. Li, Q. Zhu, X. Yin, and K. Qian
Subjects: Multiuser MIMO, cross-layer design, imperfect feedback, multiple estimates, variable thresholds, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: By combining adaptive modulation (AM) and automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol as well as user scheduling, the cross-layer design scheme of multiuser MIMO system with imperfect feedback is presented, and multiple outdated estimates method is proposed to improve the system performance. Based on this method and imperfect feedback information, the closed-form expressions of spectral efficiency (SE) and packet error rate (PER) of the system subject to the target PER constraint are respectively derived. With these expressions, the system performance can be effectively evaluated. To mitigate the effect of delayed feedback, the variable thresholds (VTs) are also derived by means of the maximum a posteriori method, and these VTs include the conventional fixed thresholds (FTs) as special cases. Simulation results show that the theoretical SE and PER are in good agreement with the corresponding simulation. The proposed CLD scheme with multiple estimates can obtain higher SE than the existing CLD scheme with single estimate, especially for large delay. Moreover, the CLD scheme with VTs outperforms that with conventional FTs.
Published: 2014

6. Editorial: Sustainable transition for urban housing and community

Author: Zhengxuan Liu, Queena K. Qian, Bo Li, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: sustaianability, sustainable transition, urban sustainability, sustainable urban housing, sustainable urban comunity, low-carbon energy transition, General Works
Published: 2024
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7. Strategies for Mitigating Risks of Government-Led Energy Retrofitting Projects in China

Author: Ling Jia, Queena K. Qian, Frits Meijer, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: residential energy retrofitting, government strategies, risk mitigation, transaction costs, artificial neural network, Building construction, TH1-9745
Abstract: Residential energy retrofitting projects in the hot summer and cold winter (HSCW) zone of China face various risks related to project activities, which incur transaction costs (TCs), such as search, negotiation, and monitoring costs. As the leader in project implementation, the Chinese government is responsible for project planning, organisation, and coordination. However, TCs impede the government’s ability to execute risk-related project activities effectively, subsequently increasing the probability of the occurrence of risk. Drawing on transaction cost economics (TCE), this study proposes a theoretical framework to understand the barriers—such as asset specificity, uncertainty, and frequency—that prevent the government from performing project activities and mitigating risks effectively. An artificial neural network (ANN) is applied to verify the hypotheses. The results underscore experience and operational maturity in project activities, cost and time constraints, and the immature retrofitting market as significant impediments to the government’s execution of risk-related activities. Considering the varying roles of the government in reducing different risks, this study concludes by offering policy recommendations to alleviate these activity barriers and mitigate risks. By employing a TCs perspective, this study not only identifies key barriers but also deepens our understanding of risk mitigation mechanisms, providing robust policy insights tailored to the specific regional context of China, thereby enhancing both the execution and the framework of government-led retrofitting projects.
Published: 2024
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8. How Do Developers Influence the Transaction Costs of China’s Prefabricated Housing Development Process? An Investigation through the Bayesian Belief Network Approach

Author: Hongjuan Wu, Queena K. Qian, Ad Straub, Henk Visscher, and Taozhi Zhuang
Subjects: prefabricated housing, transaction costs, production efficiency, Bayesian Belief Network, Systems engineering, TA168, Technology (General), T1-995
Abstract: The implementation of prefabricated housing (PH) has become prevalent in China recently due to its advantages in enhancing production and energy-saving efficiency within the construction system. However, stakeholders may not always fully realize the benefits of adopting PH due to the emergence of transaction costs (TCs) in the development process of such projects. This study investigated the strategies for developers to make rational choices for minimizing the TCs of the PH project considering their own attributes and external constraints. A Bayesian Belief Network model was applied as the analytical method, based on surveys conducted in China. A single sensitivity analysis indicated that developers influence the TCs of PH through the following three most impactful factors: prefabrication rate, PH experience, and contract payment method. Integrated strategies are recommended for developers in various situations based on a multiple sensitivity analysis. Developers facing challenges due to high prefabrication rates are advised to reduce the risks by procuring highly qualified general contractors and adopting unit-price contracts. For developers with limited PH experience, adopting the Engineering–Procurement–Construction procurement method is the most efficient way to reduce their TCs in the context of China’s PH market. This study contributes to the current body of knowledge concerning the effect of traders’ attributes and choices on TCs, expanding the application of TC theory and fulfilling the study on the determinants of TCs in construction management.
Published: 2024
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9. Application of cumulative prospect theory in understanding energy retrofit decision: A study of homeowners in the Netherlands

Author: Shima Ebrahimigharehbaghi, Queena K. Qian, Gerdien de Vries, and Henk J. Visscher
Subjects: Expected utility theory, Insulation, Mechanical Engineering, Double-glazing, Building and Construction, Cognitive bias, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Civil and Structural Engineering, Cumulative prospect theory, Energy retrofit
Abstract: Retrofitting residential buildings can help mitigate the effects of climate change. Cognitive biases are systematic deviations from rationality in decision making and can lead to inaction, delay, and uncertain decisions. Understanding the cognitive biases involved in residential renovation decisions and developing interventions to overcome them can help increase residential renovation rates. Despite their importance, few studies have examined the impact of cognitive biases on energy retrofits. The question addressed in this study is: “Can accounting for cognitive biases improve the prediction of homeowners’ actual investment decisions, and how can the outcomes be used to recommend potential behavioural interventions?”. Expected Utility Theory (EUT) and Cumulative Prospect Theory (CPT) are compared to evaluate which model(s) more accurately describes actual decision-making behaviour regarding energy retrofits. The EUT assumes a rational decision maker. The CPT is a quantitative model that assumes a decision-maker operating under risk and uncertainty and subject to the cognitive biases of reference dependence, loss aversion, decreasing sensitivity, and probability weighting. The influences of cognitive biases on energy retrofit decisions can be quantified if the relative performance of CPT versus EUT is more accurate. The data for these analyses come from housing surveys conducted in the Netherlands in 2012 and 2018, which also collected data on energy modules. 2,784 and 2,878 homeowners were surveyed, respectively. The model is validated by estimating the coefficients of EUT and CPT and identifying the similarities and differences between the results of the two datasets. Before estimating the parameters, four household clusters are identified using grey relational analysis and the K-Means cluster. For the first time, the EUT and CPT parameters are estimated for four clusters and two energy retrofits, double glazing and insulation, using a genetic algorithm because the equations are nonlinear. The results confirm that CPT provides a better description of the actual decision behaviour than EUT using the two previously established initial values of Layard et al. (2008) and Häckel et al. (2017) as well as the parameters estimated by the genetic algorithm. In the latter case, CPT correctly predicts the decisions of 86% of homeowners to renovate their homes to be energy efficient or not. EUT, on the other hand, overestimates the number of decisions to renovate: it incorrectly predicts retrofit for 52% of homeowners who did not renovate for energy efficiency reasons. Using the estimated parameters of CPT, the cognitive biases of reference dependence, loss aversion, diminishing sensitivity, and probability weighting can be clearly seen for different target groups. The groups with the highest average incomes and house values had the highest loss risk aversion parameters. These households invested more in installing insulation and double glazing.
Published: 2022

10. A Policy Framework for Producing Age-Friendly Communities from the Perspective of Production of Space

Author: Jianbo Han, Edwin H. W. Chan, Esther H. K. Yung, Queena K. Qian, and Patrick T. I. Lam
Subjects: age-friendly community, scientometric analysis, Policy, theory review, urban planning, the production of space, policy study, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Social Planning, Policy Making
Abstract: Given various hindrances in the macro context, how to efficiently develop age-friendly community policies requires further research. Currently, such kinds of frameworks are lacking. This paper aims to develop a policy framework to minimise cost and resolve conflict of interest between different generations in age-friendly community development. The study adopted a scientometric method to review the theoretical development of age-friendly community studies. Firstly, with a search for the keywords “age-friendly” and “community” on Web of Science, 72 English academic papers were found containing explicit theories. Most of the studies were conducted in the Global North. Then, a mixed analytical method was used to find a suitable theory, “the production of space”, to develop the policy framework. Lastly, a policy framework was developed to overcome barriers to age-friendly community development strategically. Echoing previous studies, this paper proposes a way to counter financial austerity in age-friendly initiative investment and balance the consideration for older and younger populations in urban development. For practice, the policy framework can provide a reference for more efficient age-friendly community policymaking in different regions. For future research, the framework provides a model for more empirical studies considering the social dynamics in age-friendly community development.
Published: 2022

11. Achieving Sustainable Urban Development with an Ageing Population: An 'Age-Friendly City and Community' Approach

Author: Edwin H.W. Chan, Esther H.K. Yung, Queena K. Qian, and Jianbo Han
Subjects: Population ageing, Economic growth, Geography, Planning and Development, Social sustainability, age-friendly development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, TJ807-830, Public policy, 02 engineering and technology, population ageing, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Urban planning, GE1-350, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sustainable development, sustainable development, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, 021107 urban & regional planning, Environmental sciences, Urban economics, Austerity, Public transport, urban economy, Business, policy integration
Abstract: The ageing population tends to be seen as a burden of cities’ future development. Thus, the public funds for older residents’ wellbeing are at risk of being cut back under the economic austerity due to the prevalent neoliberalism policy atmosphere. However, some cities set good examples to turn their older citizens into active contributors to sustainable urban development (SUD) by developing age-friendly cities and communities (AFCC). Taking Hong Kong as an example, this study aims to raise a strategy for policymakers, especially at the municipal level, to incorporate the concept of AFCC in SUD. Data were retrieved for our analysis from a published report of the Hong Kong Public Policy Research Fund project. A total of 15 AFCC and SUD policy factors were identified by using factor analysis. The correlations between these policy factors were evaluated and visualised in a synergetic effect network. According to the network, this study indicates that developing the silver hair market can be a suitable entry point to realise SUD by adopting an AFCC development. Isolation prevention, social sustainability and low-energy-consumption development are the supportive policy factors for the silver hair market. Specifically, respect, discrimination prevention, communication and information, age-friendly facilities, environmental safety and public transportation accessibility are five AFCC policy factors incorporated in the policy integration to enhance older residents’ wellbeing further. This study is an innovative attempt to develop a comprehensive model for the synergy between sustainable urban development and an age-friendly city and community using a correlation network. This study also provides a reference for other city governments to respond to population ageing positively.
Published: 2021
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12. Transaction Cost and Agency Perspectives on Eco-Certification of Existing Buildings

Author: Queena K. Qian, Ka Chi Yip, Yung Yau, and Huiying Hou
Subjects: Technology, Control and Optimization, Principal–agent problem, Green building certification, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Certification, Agency (sociology), Incentives, Remuneration, Retrofitting, Agency theory, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering (miscellaneous), Transaction cost, building energy performance, building energy retrofits, green building certification, transaction costs, agency theory, incentives, Transaction costs, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Building energy performance, Environmental economics, Property management, Incentive, Building energy retrofits, business, Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Eco-certification schemes are usually launched with various incentives provided by local governments to facilitate green building development and building energy retrofits. A number of barriers to building energy retrofitting have been identified in previous literature, while the barriers to the eco-certification of existing buildings are under-researched. Drawing on a set of building data retrievable from the BEAM Society and other sources, we carried out an analysis and found the building energy retrofitting, as well as the certification process, were unwelcomed in multi-owned residential buildings. The identified shortfall is put forward from the perspectives of transaction cost theory and agency theory. The findings reveal that high transaction costs incurred during negotiations and coordination among a large number of co-owners within a typical apartment building can outweigh the benefits of retrofitting and eco-certification. Besides, the remuneration structure of third-party property management agents discourages agents from facilitating co-owners to initiate retrofitting. This study provides significant implications for policymakers to understand the concerns of building owners and managers over the decisions and the processes of both the building energy retrofits and eco-certification. The problems and barriers unveiled in this study will facilitate the refining of current energy efficiency policies and related incentives designs.
Published: 2021

13. How information stimulates homeowners’ cooperation in residential building energy retrofits in China

Author: Queena K. Qian, Ling Jia, Henk Visscher, and Frits Meijer
Subjects: Risk perception, Process (engineering), Source credibility, media_common.quotation_subject, Information needs, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental economics, General Energy, Homeowners' cooperation, Service (economics), Mediation, Retrofitting, Retrofitting information, Business, Information source credibility, China, Building energy retrofitting, media_common
Abstract: The process of residential energy retrofitting needs to be advanced, especially in the hot summer and cold winter (HSCW) zone of China. Good cooperation from homeowners is the key to the smooth project implementation. Some studies have identified four categories of information as important factors affecting homeowners' decision-making in retrofitting. Such information can improve homeowners' cooperation to some extent. This paper investigates the nature of this influence mechanism of retrofitting information, so as to stimulate homeowners' cooperation. The authors, first, explain how the direct relationship between information and homeowners' level of cooperation is validated. Second, under the mediation role of risk perception, we verify the indirect influence of such information. Third, we analyse the variation in the strength of the relationships between information and homeowners' cooperation under the influence of source credibility. It is concluded that providing information on retrofitting benefits and service is more effective for improving homeowners’ cooperation. The integrity of building quality information and the understandability, to the homeowners, of technology information need to be considered. Priority should be given to the sources of expert knowledge and published resources, because they are perceived by homeowners to be relatively credible. Policy suggestions are proposed based on the results.
Published: 2021

14. Unravelling Causes of Quality Failures in Building Energy Renovation Projects of Northern China: Quality Management Perspective

Author: Yuting Qi, Frits Meijer, Henk Visscher, and Queena K. Qian
Subjects: Interpretive structural model (ISM), Quality management, Strategy and Management, media_common.quotation_subject, Perspective (graphical), General Engineering, Building energy, Building and Construction, Causes, Management Science and Operations Research, Building energy renovation, Quality failures, Industrial relations, Quality (business), Business, China, Environmental planning, media_common
Abstract: To be successful, energy renovation construction programs in northern China require both proper understanding of the causes of quality failures and effective strategies for renovating existing residential buildings for energy savings. However, surprisingly, although in recent years more attention has been focused on studying quality failures and reducing their causes, such failures still frequently occur in building energy renovation projects. In practice, the causes are not isolated, but rather, stem from complex correlations that impede high-quality performance. Due to their neglect of the causal relationships among these factors in quality failures, project coordinators have been unsuccessful in managing the quality of construction projects. Considering a network of different causes, this work reports on efforts to identify and manage the causes of quality failures in construction processes. A new understanding of the nature of these causes was achieved by considering four sources of data: literature review, opinions of experts, interpretive structural modeling (ISM), and focus groups. Our analysis shows that not only do many causes directly influence construction quality in building energy renovation projects, but also these causes interact with each other. It is noteworthy that external causes remain associated with all internal causes. Drivers of these causes are lack of experienced project managers, unauthorized changes in design documents, incomplete building information in projects, and poor onsite coordination; eliminating them enables solutions to a number of other internal causes. Finally, solutions are proposed to improve the current situation. These solutions fall into the categories of people, materials and equipment, design, and organization, based on the quality management process. The findings of this work provide valuable information for helping both policy makers and practitioners adopt effective policies and measures to manage the construction quality of building energy renovation projects.
Published: 2021

15. Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment DUNE Collaboration

Author: Abi, B. Acciarri, R. Acero, M. A. Adamov, G. Adams, D. and Adinolfi, M. Ahmad, Z. Ahmed, J. Alion, T. Monsalve, S. Alonso Alt, C. Anderson, J. Andreopoulos, C. Andrews, M. P. Andrianala, F. Andringa, S. Ankowski, A. Antonova, M. Antusch, S. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, A. Arnold, L. O. Arroyave, M. A. Asaadi, J. Aurisano, A. Aushev, V. and Autiero, D. Azfar, F. Back, H. Back, J. J. and Backhouse, C. Baesso, P. Bagby, L. Bajou, R. and Balasubramanian, S. Baldi, P. Bambah, B. Barao, F. and Barenboim, G. Barker, G. J. Barkhouse, W. Barnes, C. and Barr, G. Monarca, J. Barranco Barros, N. Barrow, J. L. and Bashyal, A. Basque, V. Bay, F. Alba, J. L. Bazo Beacom, J. F. Bechetoille, E. Behera, B. Bellantoni, L. and Bellettini, G. Bellini, V. Beltramello, O. Belver, D. and Benekos, N. Neves, F. Bento Berger, J. Berkman, S. and Bernardini, P. Berner, R. M. Berns, H. Bertolucci, S. and Betancourt, M. Bezawada, Y. Bhattacharjee, M. Bhuyan, B. and Biagi, S. Bian, J. Biassoni, M. Biery, K. Bilki, B. and Bishai, M. Bitadze, A. Blake, A. Siffert, B. Blanco and Blaszczyk, F. D. M. Blazey, G. C. Blucher, E. Boissevain, J. and Bolognesi, S. Bolton, T. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, M. and Bonini, F. Booth, A. Booth, C. Bordoni, S. Borkum, A. and Boschi, T. Bostan, N. Bour, P. Boyd, S. B. Boyden, D. Bracinik, J. Braga, D. Brailsford, D. Brandt, A. and Bremer, J. Brew, C. Brianne, E. Brice, S. J. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooke, J. Bross, A. and Brunetti, G. Buchanan, N. Budd, H. Caiulo, D. Calafiura, P. Calcutt, J. Calin, M. Calvez, S. Calvo, E. and Camilleri, L. Caminata, A. Campanelli, M. Caratelli, D. and Carini, G. Carlus, B. Carniti, P. Terrazas, I. Caro and Carranza, H. Castillo, A. Castromonte, C. Cattadori, C. and Cavalier, F. Cavanna, F. Centro, S. Cerati, G. Cervelli, A. Villanueva, A. Cervera Chalifour, M. Chang, C. and Chardonnet, E. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chaves, J. and Chen, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Cherdack, D. Chi, C. and Childress, S. Chiriacescu, A. Cho, K. Choubey, S. and Christensen, A. Christian, D. Christodoulou, G. Church, E. and Clarke, P. Coan, T. E. Cocco, A. G. Coelho, J. A. B. and Conley, E. Conrad, J. M. Convery, M. Corwin, L. Cotte, P. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, L. Crespo-Anadon, J. I. and Cristaldo, E. Cross, R. Cuesta, C. Cui, Y. Cussans, D. and Dabrowski, M. da Motta, H. Peres, L. Da Silva David, C. and David, Q. Davies, G. S. Davini, S. Dawson, J. De, K. and De Almeida, R. M. Debbins, P. De Bonis, I. Decowski, M. P. de Gouvea, A. De Holanda, P. C. De Icaza Astiz, I. L. and Deisting, A. De Jong, P. Delbart, A. Delepine, D. and Delgado, M. Dell'Acqua, A. De Lurgio, P. de Mello Neto, J. R. T. DeMuth, D. M. Dennis, S. Densham, C. Deptuch, G. and De Roeck, A. De Romeri, V. De Vries, J. J. Dharmapalan, R. Dias, M. Diaz, F. Diaz, J. S. Di Domizio, S. Di Giulio, L. Ding, P. Di Noto, L. Distefano, C. Diurba, R. and Diwan, M. Djurcic, Z. Dokania, N. Dolinski, M. J. and Domine, L. Douglas, D. Drielsma, F. Duchesneau, D. and Duffy, K. Dunne, P. Durkin, T. Duyang, H. Dvornikov, O. and Dwyer, D. A. Dyshkant, A. S. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. and Eisch, J. Emery, S. Ereditato, A. Escobar, C. O. and Sanchez, L. Escudero Evans, J. J. Ewart, E. Ezeribe, A. C. and Fahey, K. Falcone, A. Farnese, C. Farzan, Y. Felix, J. Fernandez-Martinez, E. Fernandez Menendez, P. Ferraro, F. and Fields, L. Filkins, A. Filthaut, F. Fitzpatrick, R. S. and Flanagan, W. Fleming, B. Flight, R. Fowler, J. Fox, W. Franc, J. Francis, K. Franco, D. Freeman, J. and Freestone, J. Fried, J. Friedland, A. Fuess, S. Furic, I. Furmanski, A. P. Gago, A. Gallagher, H. Gallego-Ros, A. Gallice, N. Galymov, V. Gamberini, E. Gamble, T. and Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, R. Gao, S. Garcia-Gamez, D. and Garcia-Peris, M. A. Gardiner, S. Gastler, D. Ge, G. and Gelli, B. Gendotti, A. Gent, S. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z. and Gibin, D. Gil-Botella, I. Girerd, C. Giri, A. K. Gnani, D. Gogota, O. Gold, M. Gollapinni, S. Gollwitzer, K. and Gomes, R. A. Bermeo, L. V. Gomez Fajardo, L. S. Gomez and Gonnella, F. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J. A. Goodman, M. C. Goodwin, O. Goswami, S. Gotti, C. Goudzovski, E. Grace, C. and Graham, M. Gramellini, E. Gran, R. Granados, E. Grant, A. Grant, C. Gratieri, D. Green, P. Green, S. and Greenler, L. Greenwood, M. Greer, J. Griffith, W. C. and Groh, M. Grudzinski, J. Grzelak, K. Gu, W. Guarino, V. and Guenette, R. Guglielmi, A. Guo, B. Guthikonda, K. K. and Gutierrez, R. Guzowski, P. Guzzo, M. M. Gwon, S. Habig, A. Hackenburg, A. Hadavand, H. Haenni, R. Hahn, A. and Haigh, J. Haiston, J. Hamernik, T. Hamilton, P. Han, J. and Harder, K. Harris, D. A. Hartnell, J. Hasegawa, T. and Hatcher, R. Hazen, E. Heavey, A. Heeger, K. M. Heise, J. and Hennessy, K. Henry, S. Morquecho, M. A. Hernandez and Herner, K. Hertel, L. Hesam, A. S. Hewes, J. Higuera, A. and Hill, T. Hillier, S. J. Himmel, A. Hoff, J. Hohl, C. and Holin, A. Hoppe, E. Horton-Smith, G. A. Hostert, M. and Hourlier, A. Howard, B. Howell, R. Huang, J. Huang, J. and Hugon, J. Iles, G. Ilic, N. Iliescu, A. M. and Illingworth, R. Ioannisian, A. Itay, R. Izmaylov, A. and James, E. Jargowsky, B. Jediny, F. Jesus-Valls, C. Ji, X. Jiang, L. Jimenez, S. Jipa, A. Joglekar, A. and Johnson, C. Johnson, R. Jones, B. Jones, S. Jung, C. K. and Junk, T. Jwa, Y. Kabirnezhad, M. Kaboth, A. Kadenko, I. Kamiya, F. Karagiorgi, G. Karcher, A. Karolak, M. and Karyotakis, Y. Kasai, S. Kasetti, S. P. Kashur, L. and Kazaryan, N. Kearns, E. Keener, P. Kelly, K. J. Kemp, E. and Ketchum, W. Kettell, S. H. Khabibullin, M. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, A. Kim, D. King, B. Kirby, B. Kirby, M. Klein, J. Koehler, K. Koerner, L. W. Kohn, S. and Koller, P. P. Kordosky, M. Kosc, T. Kose, U. Kostelecky, V. A. Kothekar, K. Krennrich, F. Kreslo, I. Kudenko, Y. and Kudryavtsev, V. A. Kulagin, S. Kumar, J. Kumar, R. and Kuruppu, C. Kus, V. Kutter, T. Lambert, A. Lande, K. and Lane, C. E. Lang, K. Langford, T. Lasorak, P. Last, D. and Lastoria, C. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, A. Lazanu, I. and LaZur, R. Le, T. Learned, J. LeBrun, P. Miotto, G. Lehmann Lehnert, R. de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui Leitner, M. and Leyton, M. Li, L. Li, S. Li, S. W. Li, T. Li, Y. and Liao, H. Lin, C. S. Lin, S. Lister, A. Littlejohn, B. R. Liu, J. Lockwitz, S. Loew, T. Lokajicek, M. and Lomidze, I. Long, K. Loo, K. Lorca, D. Lord, T. and LoSecco, J. M. Louis, W. C. Luk, K. B. Luo, X. Lurkin, N. Lux, T. Luzio, V. P. MacFarland, D. Machado, A. A. and Machado, P. Macias, C. T. Macier, J. R. Maddalena, A. and Madigan, P. Magill, S. Mahn, K. Maio, A. Maloney, J. A. Mandrioli, G. Maneira, J. Manenti, L. Manly, S. and Mann, A. Manolopoulos, K. Plata, M. Manrique Marchionni, A. and Marciano, W. Marfatia, D. Mariani, C. Maricic, J. and Marinho, F. Marino, A. D. Marshak, M. Marshall, C. and Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, J. Martinez, N. and Caicedo, D. A. Martinez Martynenko, S. Mason, K. Mastbaum, A. Masud, M. Matsuno, S. Matthews, J. Mauger, C. and Mauri, N. Mavrokoridis, K. Mazza, R. Mazzacane, A. and Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, E. McConkey, N. McFarland, K. S. and McGrew, C. McNab, A. Mefodiev, A. Mehta, P. Melas, P. Mellinato, M. Mena, O. Menary, S. Mendez, H. and Menegolli, A. Meng, G. Messier, M. D. Metcalf, W. Mewes, M. Meyer, H. Miao, T. Michna, G. Miedema, T. and Migenda, J. Milincic, R. Miller, W. Mills, J. Milne, C. and Mineev, O. Miranda, O. G. Miryala, S. Mishra, C. S. and Mishra, S. R. Mislivec, A. Mladenov, D. Mocioiu, I. and Moffat, K. Moggi, N. Mohanta, R. Mohayai, T. A. Mokhov, N. Molina, J. Bueno, L. Molina Montanari, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Zetina, L. M. Montano Moon, J. Mooney, M. Moor, A. Moreno, D. Morgan, B. Morris, C. Mossey, C. Motuk, E. Moura, C. A. Mousseau, J. Mu, W. and Mualem, L. Mueller, J. Muether, M. Mufson, S. Muheim, F. and Muir, A. Mulhearn, M. Muramatsu, H. Murphy, S. and Musser, J. Nachtman, J. Nagu, S. Nalbandyan, M. and Nandakumar, R. Naples, D. Narita, S. Navas-Nicolas, D. and Nayak, N. Nebot-Guinot, M. Necib, L. Negishi, K. Nelson, J. K. Nesbit, J. Nessi, M. Newbold, D. Newcomer, M. and Newhart, D. Nichol, R. Niner, E. Nishimura, K. Norman, A. Norrick, A. Northrop, R. Novella, P. Nowak, J. A. and Oberling, M. Del Campo, A. Olivares Olivier, A. Onel, Y. and Onishchuk, Y. Ott, J. Pagani, L. Pakvasa, S. Palamara, O. Palestini, S. Paley, J. M. Pallavicini, M. Palomares, C. Pantic, E. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, V. Papaleo, R. and Papanestis, A. Paramesvaran, S. Park, J. C. Parke, S. and Parsa, Z. Parvu, M. Pascoli, S. Pasqualini, L. and Pasternak, J. Pater, J. Patrick, C. Patrizii, L. and Patterson, R. B. Patton, S. J. Patzak, T. Paudel, A. and Paulos, B. Paulucci, L. Pavlovic, Z. Pawloski, G. Payne, D. Pec, V. Peeters, S. J. M. Penichot, Y. Pennacchio, E. and Penzo, A. Peres, O. L. G. Perry, J. Pershey, D. and Pessina, G. Petrillo, G. Petta, C. Petti, R. Piastra, F. and Pickering, L. Pietropaolo, F. Pillow, J. Pinzino, J. and Plunkett, R. Poling, R. Pons, X. Poonthottathil, N. and Pordes, S. Potekhin, M. Potenza, R. Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. and Pozimski, J. Pozzato, M. Prakash, S. Prakash, T. and Prince, S. Prior, G. Pugnere, D. Qi, K. Qian, X. and Raaf, J. L. Raboanary, R. Radeka, V. Rademacker, J. and Radics, B. Rafique, A. Raguzin, E. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, M. Rakhno, I. Rakotondramanana, H. T. Rakotondravohitra, L. and Ramachers, Y. A. Rameika, R. Delgado, M. A. Ramirez and Ramson, B. Rappoldi, A. Raselli, G. Ratoff, P. Ravat, S. and Razafinime, H. Real, J. S. Rebel, B. Redondo, D. and Reggiani-Guzzo, M. Rehak, T. Reichenbacher, J. Reitzner, S. D. Renshaw, A. Rescia, S. Resnati, F. Reynolds, A. and Riccobene, G. Rice, L. C. J. Rielage, K. Rigaut, Y. and Rivera, D. Rochester, L. Roda, M. Rodrigues, P. Alonso, M. J. Rodriguez Rondon, J. Rodriguez Roeth, A. J. Rogers, H. and Rosauro-Alcaraz, S. Rossella, M. Rout, J. Roy, S. and Rubbia, A. Rubbia, C. Russell, B. Russell, J. and Ruterbories, D. Saakyan, R. Sacerdoti, S. Safford, T. and Sahu, N. Sala, P. Samios, N. Sanchez, M. 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Vaziri, K. and Ventura, S. Verdugo, A. Vergani, S. Vermeulen, M. A. and Verzocchi, M. de Souza, H. Vieira Vignoli, C. Vilela, C. and Viren, B. Vrba, T. Wachala, T. Waldron, A. V. Wallbank, M. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Warburton, K. and Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. and Weatherly, P. Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. and Wenman, D. Wetstein, M. While, M. R. White, A. and Whitehead, L. H. Whittington, D. Wilking, M. J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. Wilson, F. Wilson, R. J. Wolcott, J. and Wongjirad, T. Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. and Yang, T. Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. and Yu, J. Zaki, R. Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. and Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G. P. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhao, Y. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. and Zimmerman, E. D. Zito, M. Zucchelli, S. Zuklin, J. and Zutshi, V. Zwaska, R.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE's sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach.
Published: 2021

16. Stakeholder Perceptions of Transaction Costs in Prefabricated Housing Projects in China

Author: Hongjuan Wu, Queena K. Qian, Ad Straub, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: Construction management, Strategy and Management, 0211 other engineering and technologies, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Prefabrication, Stakeholder perceptions, 021105 building & construction, 0502 economics and business, Production (economics), Challenges, Enforcement, Civil and Structural Engineering, Construction, Transaction cost, 05 social sciences, Transaction costs (TCs), Stakeholder, Questionnaire, Building and Construction, Environmental economics, Prefabricated housing (PH), Industrial relations, Sustainability, Business, 050203 business & management
Abstract: Prefabrication has the potential to improve the efficiency and sustainability of housing production. However, there are various challenges in the realization of prefabricated housing (PH) from the stakeholder's perspective. Transaction costs (TCs) theory provides a particular angle that explains the invisible costs within transactions. This study aims to explore how perceptions of TCs vary for stakeholder groups and show the potential to reduce TCs in China. The distribution of TCs related to stages and stakeholders was investigated by a literature study and validated by expert interviews. Further, an existing framework of TCs was adopted to conduct a questionnaire survey for collecting perceptions of TCs from six stakeholder groups. The findings show that assembly, detailed design, and design change are the most highlighted TCs of PH. In particular, the component supplierscomplained of TCs from the points of detailed design and hiring skilled labor. The local governmentemphasized TCs on monitoring and enforcement in assembly, architectural design, and component transportation. This research contributes to the construction management community by acknowledging stakeholders in understanding their TCs, which also inspires the policy makers to reduce significant TCs to smooth transactions for the future of China's PH market.
Published: 2021

17. Identification of the behavioural factors in the decision-making processes of the energy efficiency renovations

Author: G. de Vries, Shima Ebrahimigharehbaghi, Queena K. Qian, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: 020209 energy, Photovoltaic system, the Netherlands, behaviour-influencing factor, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Method of analysis, Energy consumption, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental economics, owner-occupied sector, 01 natural sciences, Residential sector, Glazing, Identification (information), renovation, Energy efficiency, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Business, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Civil and Structural Engineering, Efficient energy use, residential sector
Abstract: Over half of all residential buildings in the Netherlands are owner-occupied. In this study, the influence of behavioural factors on individual decisions toward energy efficiency renovations (EERs) was investigated. This study focused on contextual (e.g. building characteristics), personal (e.g. awareness of energy consumption), and motivational factors (e.g. improving comfort). Logistic regression analyses were selected as the preferred method of analysis. The Netherlands’s housing survey energy modules, which was conducted in 2018, was the basis of these analyses. 2878 homeowners were surveyed. Behavioural factors that influence the homeowners’ decisions were investigated for four types of EERs: (1) double glazing, (2) insulation, (3) photovoltaic (PV) panel, and (4) sustainable heating. It was found that homeowners’ preferences for double glazing were mainly influenced by the characteristics of the building and household and motivation to adopt EERs. Similarly, insulation and PV panels were to be mainly influenced by building characteristics. For sustainable heating, a combination of building and household characteristics and personal factors (e.g. deliberate gas reduction) influenced the decisions regarding this EER. None of the personal factors had a significant impact on the decisions regarding installation of double glazing; in contrast, the installation of PV panels was found to be highly influenced by these factors.
Published: 2021

18. Supernova neutrino burst detection with the deep underground neutrino experiment: DUNE Collaboration

Author: Abi, B. Acciarri, R. Acero, M.A. Adamov, G. Adams, D. Adinolfi, M. Ahmad, Z. Ahmed, J. Alion, T. Alonso Monsalve, S. Alt, C. Anderson, J. Andreopoulos, C. Andrews, M.P. Andrianala, F. Andringa, S. Ankowski, A. Antonova, M. Antusch, S. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, A. Arnold, L.O. Arroyave, M.A. Asaadi, J. Aurisano, A. Aushev, V. Autiero, D. Azfar, F. Back, H. Back, J.J. Backhouse, C. Baesso, P. Bagby, L. Bajou, R. Balasubramanian, S. Baldi, P. Bambah, B. Barao, F. Barenboim, G. Barker, G.J. Barkhouse, W. Barnes, C. Barr, G. Barranco Monarca, J. Barros, N. Barrow, J.L. Bashyal, A. Basque, V. Bay, F. Alba, J.L.B. Beacom, J.F. Bechetoille, E. Behera, B. Bellantoni, L. Bellettini, G. Bellini, V. Beltramello, O. Belver, D. Benekos, N. Bento Neves, F. Berger, J. Berkman, S. Bernardini, P. Berner, R.M. Berns, H. Bertolucci, S. Betancourt, M. Bezawada, Y. Bhattacharjee, M. Bhuyan, B. Biagi, S. Bian, J. Biassoni, M. Biery, K. Bilki, B. Bishai, M. Bitadze, A. Blake, A. Blanco Siffert, B. Blaszczyk, F.D.M. Blazey, G.C. Blucher, E. Boissevain, J. Bolognesi, S. Bolton, T. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, M. Bonini, F. Booth, A. Booth, C. Bordoni, S. Borkum, A. Boschi, T. Bostan, N. Bour, P. Boyd, S.B. Boyden, D. Bracinik, J. Braga, D. Brailsford, D. Brandt, A. Bremer, J. Brew, C. Brianne, E. Brice, S.J. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooke, J. Bross, A. Brunetti, G. Buchanan, N. Budd, H. Caiulo, D. Calafiura, P. Calcutt, J. Calin, M. Calvez, S. Calvo, E. Camilleri, L. Caminata, A. Campanelli, M. Caratelli, D. Carini, G. Carlus, B. Carniti, P. Caro Terrazas, I. Carranza, H. Castillo, A. Castromonte, C. Cattadori, C. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, F. Centro, S. Cerati, G. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Chalifour, M. Chang, C. Chardonnet, E. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chaves, J. Chen, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Cherdack, D. Chi, C. Childress, S. Chiriacescu, A. Cho, K. Choubey, S. Christensen, A. Christian, D. Christodoulou, G. Church, E. Clarke, P. Coan, T.E. Cocco, A.G. Coelho, J.A.B. Conley, E. Conrad, J.M. Convery, M. Corwin, L. Cotte, P. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, L. Crespo-Anadón, J.I. Cristaldo, E. Cross, R. Cuesta, C. Cui, Y. Cussans, D. Dabrowski, M. da Motta, H. Da Silva Peres, L. David, C. David, Q. Davies, G.S. Davini, S. Dawson, J. De, K. De Almeida, R.M. Debbins, P. De Bonis, I. Decowski, M.P. de Gouvêa, A. De Holanda, P.C. De Icaza Astiz, I.L. Deisting, A. De Jong, P. Delbart, A. Delepine, D. Delgado, M. Dell-Acqua, A. De Lurgio, P. de Mello Neto, J.R.T. DeMuth, D.M. Dennis, S. Densham, C. Deptuch, G. De Roeck, A. De Romeri, V. De Vries, J.J. Dharmapalan, R. Dias, M. Diaz, F. Díaz, J.S. Di Domizio, S. Di Giulio, L. Ding, P. Di Noto, L. Distefano, C. Diurba, R. Diwan, M. Djurcic, Z. Dokania, N. Dolinski, M.J. Domine, L. Douglas, D. Drielsma, F. Duchesneau, D. Duffy, K. Dunne, P. Durkin, T. Duyang, H. Dvornikov, O. Dwyer, D.A. Dyshkant, A.S. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Eisch, J. Emery, S. Ereditato, A. Escobar, C.O. Escudero Sanchez, L. Evans, J.J. Ewart, E. Ezeribe, A.C. Fahey, K. Falcone, A. Farnese, C. Farzan, Y. Felix, J. Fernandez-Martinez, E. Fernandez Menendez, P. Ferraro, F. Fields, L. Filkins, A. Filthaut, F. Fitzpatrick, R.S. Flanagan, W. Fleming, B. Flight, R. Fowler, J. Fox, W. Franc, J. Francis, K. Franco, D. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, J. Friedland, A. Fuess, S. Furic, I. Furmanski, A.P. Gago, A. Gallagher, H. Gallego-Ros, A. Gallice, N. Galymov, V. Gamberini, E. Gamble, T. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, R. Gao, S. Garcia-Gamez, D. García-Peris, M.Á. Gardiner, S. Gastler, D. Ge, G. Gelli, B. Gendotti, A. Gent, S. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z. Gibin, D. Gil-Botella, I. Girerd, C. Giri, A.K. Gnani, D. Gogota, O. Gold, M. Gollapinni, S. Gollwitzer, K. Gomes, R.A. Gomez Bermeo, L.V. Gomez Fajardo, L.S. Gonnella, F. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J.A. Goodman, M.C. Goodwin, O. Goswami, S. Gotti, C. Goudzovski, E. Grace, C. Graham, M. Gramellini, E. Gran, R. Granados, E. Grant, A. Grant, C. Gratieri, D. Green, P. Green, S. Greenler, L. Greenwood, M. Greer, J. Griffith, W.C. Groh, M. Grudzinski, J. Grzelak, K. Gu, W. Guarino, V. Guenette, R. Guglielmi, A. Guo, B. Guthikonda, K.K. Gutierrez, R. Guzowski, P. Guzzo, M.M. Gwon, S. Habig, A. Hackenburg, A. Hadavand, H. Haenni, R. Hahn, A. Haigh, J. Haiston, J. Hamernik, T. Hamilton, P. Han, J. Harder, K. Harris, D.A. Hartnell, J. Hasegawa, T. Hatcher, R. Hazen, E. Heavey, A. Heeger, K.M. Heise, J. Hennessy, K. Henry, S. Hernandez Morquecho, M.A. Herner, K. Hertel, L. Hesam, A.S. Hewes, J. Higuera, A. Hill, T. Hillier, S.J. Himmel, A. Hoff, J. Hohl, C. Holin, A. Hoppe, E. Horton-Smith, G.A. Hostert, M. Hourlier, A. Howard, B. Howell, R. Huang, J. Huang, J. Hugon, J. Iles, G. Ilic, N. Iliescu, A.M. Illingworth, R. Ioannisian, A. Itay, R. Izmaylov, A. James, E. Jargowsky, B. Jediny, F. Jesùs-Valls, C. Ji, X. Jiang, L. Jiménez, S. Jipa, A. Joglekar, A. Johnson, C. Johnson, R. Jones, B. Jones, S. Jung, C.K. Junk, T. Jwa, Y. Kabirnezhad, M. Kaboth, A. Kadenko, I. Kamiya, F. Karagiorgi, G. Karcher, A. Karolak, M. Karyotakis, Y. Kasai, S. Kasetti, S.P. Kashur, L. Kazaryan, N. Kearns, E. Keener, P. Kelly, K.J. Kemp, E. Ketchum, W. Kettell, S.H. Khabibullin, M. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, A. Kim, D. King, B. Kirby, B. Kirby, M. Klein, J. Koehler, K. Koerner, L.W. Kohn, S. Koller, P.P. Kordosky, M. Kosc, T. Kose, U. Kostelecký, V.A. Kothekar, K. Krennrich, F. Kreslo, I. Kudenko, Y. Kudryavtsev, V.A. Kulagin, S. Kumar, J. Kumar, R. Kuruppu, C. Kus, V. Kutter, T. Lambert, A. Lande, K. Lane, C.E. Lang, K. Langford, T. Lasorak, P. Last, D. Lastoria, C. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, A. Lazanu, I. LaZur, R. Le, T. Learned, J. LeBrun, P. Lehmann Miotto, G. Lehnert, R. Leigui de Oliveira, M.A. Leitner, M. Leyton, M. Li, L. Li, S. Li, S.W. Li, T. Li, Y. Liao, H. Lin, C.S. Lin, S. Lister, A. Littlejohn, B.R. Liu, J. Lockwitz, S. Loew, T. Lokajicek, M. Lomidze, I. Long, K. Loo, K. Lorca, D. Lord, T. LoSecco, J.M. Louis, W.C. Luk, K.B. Luo, X. Lurkin, N. Lux, T. Luzio, V.P. MacFarland, D. Machado, A.A. Machado, P. Macias, C.T. Macier, J.R. Maddalena, A. Madigan, P. Magill, S. Mahn, K. Maio, A. Major, A. Maloney, J.A. Mandrioli, G. Maneira, J. Manenti, L. Manly, S. Mann, A. Manolopoulos, K. Manrique Plata, M. Marchionni, A. Marciano, W. Marfatia, D. Mariani, C. Maricic, J. Marinho, F. Marino, A.D. Marshak, M. Marshall, C. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, J. Martinez, N. Martinez Caicedo, D.A. Martynenko, S. Mason, K. Mastbaum, A. Masud, M. Matsuno, S. Matthews, J. Mauger, C. Mauri, N. Mavrokoridis, K. Mazza, R. Mazzacane, A. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, E. McConkey, N. McFarland, K.S. McGrew, C. McNab, A. Mefodiev, A. Mehta, P. Melas, P. Mellinato, M. Mena, O. Menary, S. Mendez, H. Menegolli, A. Meng, G. Messier, M.D. Metcalf, W. Mewes, M. Meyer, H. Miao, T. Michna, G. Miedema, T. Migenda, J. Milincic, R. Miller, W. Mills, J. Milne, C. Mineev, O. Miranda, O.G. Miryala, S. Mishra, C.S. Mishra, S.R. Mislivec, A. Mladenov, D. Mocioiu, I. Moffat, K. Moggi, N. Mohanta, R. Mohayai, T.A. Mokhov, N. Molina, J. Molina Bueno, L. Montanari, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montano Zetina, L.M. Moon, J. Mooney, M. Moor, A. Moreno, D. Morgan, B. Morris, C. Mossey, C. Motuk, E. Moura, C.A. Mousseau, J. Mu, W. Mualem, L. Mueller, J. Muether, M. Mufson, S. Muheim, F. Muir, A. Mulhearn, M. Muramatsu, H. Murphy, S. Musser, J. Nachtman, J. Nagu, S. Nalbandyan, M. Nandakumar, R. Naples, D. Narita, S. Navas-Nicolás, D. Nayak, N. Nebot-Guinot, M. Necib, L. Negishi, K. Nelson, J.K. Nesbit, J. Nessi, M. Newbold, D. Newcomer, M. Newhart, D. Nichol, R. Niner, E. Nishimura, K. Norman, A. Norrick, A. Northrop, R. Novella, P. Nowak, J.A. Oberling, M. Olivares Del Campo, A. Olivier, A. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, Y. Ott, J. Pagani, L. Pakvasa, S. Palamara, O. Palestini, S. Paley, J.M. Pallavicini, M. Palomares, C. Pantic, E. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, V. Papaleo, R. Papanestis, A. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, S. Parsa, Z. Parvu, M. Pascoli, S. Pasqualini, L. Pasternak, J. Pater, J. Patrick, C. Patrizii, L. Patterson, R.B. Patton, S.J. Patzak, T. Paudel, A. Paulos, B. Paulucci, L. Pavlovic, Z. Pawloski, G. Payne, D. Pec, V. Peeters, S.J.M. Penichot, Y. Pennacchio, E. Penzo, A. Peres, O.L.G. Perry, J. Pershey, D. Pessina, G. Petrillo, G. Petta, C. Petti, R. Piastra, F. Pickering, L. Pietropaolo, F. Pillow, J. Pinzino, J. Plunkett, R. Poling, R. Pons, X. Poonthottathil, N. Pordes, S. Potekhin, M. Potenza, R. Potukuchi, B.V.K.S. Pozimski, J. Pozzato, M. Prakash, S. Prakash, T. Prince, S. Prior, G. Pugnere, D. Qi, K. Qian, X. Raaf, J.L. Raboanary, R. Radeka, V. Rademacker, J. Radics, B. Rafique, A. Raguzin, E. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, M. Rakhno, I. Rakotondramanana, H.T. Rakotondravohitra, L. Ramachers, Y.A. Rameika, R. Ramirez Delgado, M.A. Ramson, B. Rappoldi, A. Raselli, G. Ratoff, P. Ravat, S. Razafinime, H. Real, J.S. Rebel, B. Redondo, D. Reggiani-Guzzo, M. Rehak, T. Reichenbacher, J. Reitzner, S.D. Renshaw, A. Rescia, S. Resnati, F. Reynolds, A. Riccobene, G. Rice, L.C.J. Rielage, K. Rigaut, Y. Rivera, D. Rochester, L. Roda, M. Rodrigues, P. Rodriguez Alonso, M.J. Rodriguez Rondon, J. Roeth, A.J. Rogers, H. Rosauro-Alcaraz, S. Rossella, M. Rout, J. Roy, S. Rubbia, A. Rubbia, C. Russell, B. Russell, J. Ruterbories, D. Saakyan, R. Sacerdoti, S. Safford, T. Sahu, N. Sala, P. Samios, N. Sanchez, M.C. Sanders, D.A. Sankey, D. Santana, S. Santos-Maldonado, M. Saoulidou, N. Sapienza, P. Sarasty, C. Sarcevic, I. Savage, G. Savinov, V. Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. Scarpelli, A. Schaffer, T. Schellman, H. Schlabach, P. Schmitz, D. Scholberg, K. Schukraft, A. Segreto, E. Sensenig, J. Seong, I. Sergi, A. Sergiampietri, F. Sgalaberna, D. Shaevitz, M.H. Shafaq, S. Shamma, M. Sharma, H.R. Sharma, R. Shaw, T. Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. Shin, S. Shooltz, D. Shrock, R. Simard, L. Simos, N. Sinclair, J. Sinev, G. Singh, J. Singh, J. Singh, V. Sipos, R. Sippach, F.W. Sirri, G. Sitraka, A. Siyeon, K. Smargianaki, D. Smith, A. Smith, E. Smith, P. Smolik, J. Smy, M. Snopok, P. Soares Nunes, M. Sobel, H. Soderberg, M. Solano Salinas, C.J. Söldner-Rembold, S. Solomey, N. Solovov, V. Sondheim, W.E. Sorel, M. Soto-Oton, J. Sousa, A. Soustruznik, K. Spagliardi, F. Spanu, M. Spitz, J. Spooner, N.J.C. Spurgeon, K. Staley, R. Stancari, M. Stanco, L. Steiner, H.M. Stewart, J. Stillwell, B. Stock, J. Stocker, F. Stokes, T. Strait, M. Strauss, T. Striganov, S. Stuart, A. Summers, D. Surdo, A. Susic, V. Suter, L. Sutera, C.M. Svoboda, R. Szczerbinska, B. Szelc, A.M. Talaga, R. Tanaka, H.A. Tapia Oregui, B. Tapper, A. Tariq, S. Tatar, E. Tayloe, R. Teklu, A.M. Tenti, M. Terao, K. Ternes, C.A. Terranova, F. Testera, G. Thea, A. Thompson, J.L. Thorn, C. Timm, S.C. Tonazzo, A. Torti, M. Tórtola, M. Tortorici, F. Totani, D. Toups, M. Touramanis, C. Trevor, J. Trzaska, W.H. Tsai, Y.T. Tsamalaidze, Z. Tsang, K.V. Tsverava, N. Tufanli, S. Tull, C. Tyley, E. Tzanov, M. Uchida, M.A. Urheim, J. Usher, T. Vagins, M.R. Vahle, P. Valdiviesso, G.A. Valencia, E. Vallari, Z. Valle, J.W.F. Vallecorsa, S. Van Berg, R. Van de Water, R.G. Vanegas Forero, D. Varanini, F. Vargas, D. Varner, G. Vasel, J. Vasseur, G. Vaziri, K. Ventura, S. Verdugo, A. Vergani, S. Vermeulen, M.A. Verzocchi, M. Vieira de Souza, H. Vignoli, C. Vilela, C. Viren, B. Vrba, T. Wachala, T. Waldron, A.V. Wallbank, M. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Warburton, K. Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. Weatherly, P. Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. Wenman, D. Wetstein, M. While, M.R. White, A. Whitehead, L.H. Whittington, D. Wilking, M.J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. Wilson, F. Wilson, R.J. Wolcott, J. Wongjirad, T. Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. Yang, T. Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. Yu, J. Zaki, R. Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G.P. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. Zimmerman, E.D. Zito, M. Zucchelli, S. Zuklin, J. Zutshi, V. Zwaska, R.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: The deep underground neutrino experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projection chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron-neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE’s ability to constrain the νe spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered. © 2021, The Author(s).
Published: 2021

19. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF ELM WITH A-OPTIMIZED DESIGN REGULARIZATION FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY CLASSIFICATION

Author: Jianqing Cai, Yunfeng Lin, G. Xie, K. Qian, and Tinghui Zhang
Subjects: lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics, Artificial neural network, Pixel, Contextual image classification, Land use, lcsh:T, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, lcsh:TA1501-1820, 02 engineering and technology, lcsh:Technology, Regularization (mathematics), Field (computer science), Support vector machine, lcsh:TA1-2040, Remote sensing (archaeology), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Remote sensing, Extreme learning machine
Abstract: The automatic classification technology of remote sensing images is the key technology to extract the rich geo-information in remote sensing images and to monitor the dynamic changes of land use and ecological environment. Remote sensing images have the characteristics of large amount of information and many dimensions. Therefore, how to classify and extract the information in remote sensing images has become a crucial issue in the field of remote sensing science. With the development of neural network theory, many scholars have carried out research on the application of neural network models in remote sensing image classification. However, there are still some problems to be solved in artificial neural network methods. In this study, considering the problem of large-scale land classification for medium resolution and multi-spectral remote sensing imagery, an improved machine learning algorithm based on extreme learning machine for remote sensing classification has been developed via regularization theory. The improved algorithm is more suitable for the application of post-classification change monitoring of features in large scale imaging. In this study, our main job is to evaluate the performance of ELM with A-optimal design regularization (here we call it simply as A-optimal RELM). So the accuracy and efficiency of A-optimal RELM algorithm for remote sensing imagery classification, as well as the algorithms of support vector machine (SVM) and original ELM are compared in the experiments. The experimental results show that A-optimal RELM performs the best on all three different images with overall accuracy of 97.27% and 95.03% respectively. Besides, the A-optimal RELM performs better on the details of distinguish similar and confusing terrestrial object pixels.
Published: 2020

20. Causes of Quality Failures in Building Energy Renovation Projects of Northern China: A Review and Empirical Study

Author: Frits Meijer, Yuting Qi, Queena K. Qian, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: Control and Optimization, 020209 energy, media_common.quotation_subject, building energy renovation projects, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Psychological intervention, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, 02 engineering and technology, Northern China, lcsh:Technology, Empirical research, 021105 building & construction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Quality (business), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering (miscellaneous), Environmental planning, media_common, Government, lcsh:T, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, causes, Questionnaire, Focus group, quality failures, Wireless site survey, Scale (social sciences), Business, Energy (miscellaneous)
Abstract: Building energy renovations can effectively improve the environmental performance and energy sustainability of existing buildings. From 2007 onwards, the Chinese government has promoted energy-saving renovations of existing urban residential buildings. Nevertheless, various quality failures happen during the construction period in energy-saving renovation projects of residential buildings. Yet, the causes and their characters remain largely unknown. Through a literature review, this paper investigates the causes of quality failures. Validated through experts&rsquo, interviews, a total of 18 causes were identified in building energy renovation projects. These causes were analyzed from two main aspects: the importance of a cause (related to impact and frequency), and the level of effort required to address a cause (related to origin and scale), using both a questionnaire survey and a focus group. The results indicate that the critical causes of quality failures are working under high-cost and high-time pressure, adverse natural conditions, fraud of construction companies, incomplete construction site survey, poor checking procedures of supervisors, poor operational skilled workers, inadequate equipment performance, lack of experienced project managers, and incomplete building information in projects. The causes were classified as external and internal causes of building energy renovation projects. The outcome of this paper should aid policy makers and project coordinators to focus on critical causes of quality failures, and to develop effective actions and policy interventions to achieve successful renovation projects with high-quality performance.
Published: 2020
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21. Intrinsically patterned two-dimensional materials for selective adsorption of molecules and nanoclusters

Author: Jinbo Pan, Donovan N. Leonard, Kurash Ibrahim, Wu Zhou, Yinlong Zhang, Jianchen Lu, Yiming Wang, Jia-Tao Sun, K. Qian, Yeliang Wang, Libo Gao, Xu Wu, Yan Shao, Zhong-Liu Liu, Jiaou Wang, Sokrates T. Pantelides, Shixuan Du, Y. Y. Zhang, Shiyu Zhu, Libo Li, Chen Liu, Haiming Guo, De-Liang Bao, Xiao Lin, T. Lei, and Hong-Jun Gao
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Nanotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, Substrate (electronics), 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Soft lithography, 0104 chemical sciences, Nanoclusters, Nanopore, Adsorption, Mechanics of Materials, Selective adsorption, Monolayer, Surface modification, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been studied extensively as monolayers 1-5, vertical or lateral heterostructures 6-8. To achieve functionalization, monolayers are often patterned using soft lithography and selectively decorated with molecules 9,10. Here we demonstrate the growth of a family of 2D materials that are intrinsically patterned. We demonstrate that a monolayer of PtSe2 can be grown on a Pt substrate in the form of a triangular pattern of alternating 1T and 1H phases. Moreover, we show that, in a monolayer of CuSe grown on a Cu substrate, strain relaxation leads to periodic patterns of triangular nanopores with uniform size. Adsorption of different species at preferred pattern sites is also achieved, demonstrating that these materials can serve as templates for selective self-assembly of molecules or nanoclusters, as well as for the functionalization of the same substrate with two different species.
Published: 2020

22. Stakeholders’ Risk Perception: A Perspective for Proactive Risk Management in Residential Building Energy Retrofits in China

Author: Queena K. Qian, Frits Meijer, Ling Jia, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: genetic structures, 020209 energy, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, TJ807-830, 02 engineering and technology, stakeholder behaviours, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, 01 natural sciences, Renewable energy sources, transaction costs, risk perception, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Quality (business), GE1-350, Risk management, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Transaction cost, Government, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, Stakeholder, Questionnaire, energy retrofits, proactive risk management, Risk perception, Environmental sciences, Risk analysis (engineering), Work (electrical), Business
Abstract: The implementation of energy retrofit of residential buildings faces many risks around the world, especially in China, leading to low retrofit progress. Stakeholders&rsquo, proactive risk management is the key to the smooth implementation of retrofit projects but is normally affected by risk perception. Perceived risks instead of real risks are the motivators of their proactive behaviours. This paper aims to understand and address the present risk perception of stakeholders in order to drive effective proactive risk mitigation practices. Based on a risk list identified through a literature review and interviews, a questionnaire survey was then made to analyse and compare different stakeholders&rsquo, perceptions of each risk by measuring the levels of their concern about risks. It is validated that all the stakeholder groups tend to mitigate risks perceived highly proactively. Proactive risk management of risk-source-related stakeholders deserves more attention and responsibility-sharing with transaction costs (TCs) considerations contribute to the enhancement of risk perception. More responsibilities of construction quality and maintenance is taken by the government and contractors should be clarified, and the government should also be responsible for assisting design work. Effective information is beneficial to the decrease in homeowners&rsquo, risk perception that can motivate their initiative of cooperation.
Published: 2020

23. Volume IV The DUNE far detector single-phase technology

Author: Abi, B. Acciarri, R. Acero, M. A. Adamov, G. Adams, D. and Adinolfi, M. Ahmad, Z. Ahmed, J. Alion, T. Monsalve, S. Alonso Alt, C. Anderson, J. Andreopoulos, C. Andrews, M. Andrianala, F. Andringa, S. Ankowski, A. Antonova, M. and Antusch, S. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, A. Arnold, L. O. and Arroyave, M. A. Asaadi, J. Aurisano, A. Aushev, V and Autiero, D. Azfar, F. Back, H. Back, J. J. Backhouse, C. and Baesso, P. Bagby, L. Bajou, R. Balasubramanian, S. and Baldi, P. Bambah, B. Barao, F. Barenboim, G. Barker, G. and Barkhouse, W. Barnes, C. Barr, G. Barranco Monarca, J. and Barros, N. Barrow, J. L. Bashyal, A. Basque, V Bay, F. Bazo Alba, J. Beacom, J. F. Bechetoille, E. Behera, B. Bellantoni, L. Bellettini, G. Bellini, V Beltramello, O. Belver, D. Benekos, N. Neves, F. Bento Berger, J. and Berkman, S. Bernardini, P. Berner, R. M. Berns, H. and Bertolucci, S. Betancourt, M. Bezawada, Y. Bhattacharjee, M. and Bhuyan, B. Biagi, S. Bian, J. Biassoni, M. Biery, K. and Bilki, B. Bishai, M. Bitadze, A. Blake, A. Siffert, B. Blanco Blaszczyk, F. Blazey, G. Blucher, E. and Boissevain, J. Bolognesi, S. Bolton, T. Bonesini, M. and Bongrand, M. Bonini, F. Booth, A. Booth, C. Bordoni, S. and Borkum, A. Boschi, T. Bostan, N. Bour, P. Boyd, S. and Boyden, D. Bracinik, J. Braga, D. Brailsford, D. and Brandt, A. Bremer, J. Brew, C. Brianne, E. Brice, S. J. and Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooke, J. and Bross, A. Brunetti, G. Buchanan, N. Budd, H. Caiulo, D. Calafiura, P. Calcutt, J. Calin, M. Calvez, S. and Calvo, E. Camilleri, L. Caminata, A. Campanelli, M. and Caratelli, D. Carini, G. Carlus, B. Carniti, P. and Terrazas, I. Caro Carranza, H. Castillo, A. Castromonte, C. and Cattadori, C. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, F. Centro, S. and Cerati, G. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Chalifour, M. and Chang, C. Chardonnet, E. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chaves, J. Chen, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Cherdack, D. Chi, C. Childress, S. Chiriacescu, A. Cho, K. and Choubey, S. Christensen, A. Christian, D. Christodoulou, G. and Church, E. Clarke, P. Coan, T. E. Cocco, A. G. and Coelho, J. Conley, E. Conrad, J. Convery, M. Corwin, L. and Cotte, P. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, L. Crespo-Anadon, I, J. Cristaldo, E. Cross, R. Cuesta, C. Cui, Y. and Cussans, D. Dabrowski, M. Da Motta, H. Peres, L. Da Silva and David, Q. Davies, G. S. Davini, S. Dawson, J. De, K. and De Almeida, R. M. Debbins, P. De Bonis, I Decowski, M. and De Gouvea, A. De Holanda, P. C. Astiz, I. L. De Icaza and Deisting, A. De Jong, P. Delbart, A. Delepine, D. and Delgado, M. Dell'Acqua, A. De Lurgio, P. De Mello Neto, J. R. DeMuth, D. M. Dennis, S. Densham, C. Deptuch, G. and De Roeck, A. De Romeri, V De Vries, J. Dharmapalan, R. and Dias, M. Diaz, F. Diaz, J. Di Domizio, S. Di Giulio, L. and Ding, P. Di Noto, L. Distefano, C. Diurba, R. Diwan, M. Djurcic, Z. Dokania, N. Dolinski, M. Domine, L. and Douglas, D. Drielsma, F. Duchesneau, D. Duffy, K. Dunne, P. Durkin, T. Duyang, H. Dvornikov, O. Dwyer, D. and Dyshkant, A. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Eisch, J. Emery, S. and Ereditato, A. Escobar, C. Sanchez, L. Escudero Evans, J. J. Ewart, E. Ezeribe, A. C. Fahey, K. Falcone, A. and Farnese, C. Farzan, Y. Felix, J. Fernandez-Martinez, E. and Fernandez Menendez, P. Ferraro, F. Fields, L. Filkins, A. and Filthaut, F. Fitzpatrick, R. S. Flanagan, W. Fleming, B. and Flight, R. Fowler, J. Fox, W. Franc, J. Francis, K. and Franco, D. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, J. and Friedland, A. Fuess, S. Furic, I Furmanski, A. P. Gago, A. Gallagher, H. Gallego-Ros, A. Gallice, N. Galymov, V and Gamberini, E. Gamble, T. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, R. and Gao, S. Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Peris, M. A. Gardiner, S. and Gastler, D. Ge, G. Gelli, B. Gendotti, A. Gent, S. and Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z. Gibin, D. Gil-Botella, I Girerd, C. Giri, A. Gnani, D. Gogota, O. Gold, M. and Gollapinni, S. Gollwitzer, K. Gomes, R. A. Gomez Bermeo, L. and Gomez Fajardo, L. S. Gonnella, F. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J. and Goodman, M. C. Goodwin, O. Goswami, S. Gotti, C. and Goudzovski, E. Grace, C. Graham, M. Gramellini, E. Gran, R. Granados, E. Grant, A. Grant, C. Gratieri, D. and Green, P. Green, S. Greenler, L. Greenwood, M. Greer, J. and Griffith, C. Groh, M. Grudzinski, J. Grzelak, K. Gu, W. Guarino, V Guenette, R. Guglielmi, A. Guo, B. and Guthikonda, K. Gutierrez, R. Guzowski, P. Guzzo, M. M. and Gwon, S. Habig, A. Hackenburg, A. Hadavand, H. Haenni, R. Hahn, A. Haigh, J. Haiston, J. Hamernik, T. and Hamilton, P. Han, J. Harder, K. Harris, D. A. Hartnell, J. Hasegawa, T. Hatcher, R. Hazen, E. Heavey, A. and Heeger, K. M. Hennessy, K. Henry, S. Hernandez Morquecho, M. and Herner, K. Hertel, L. Hesam, A. S. Hewes, J. and Pichardo, A. Higuera Hill, T. Hillier, S. J. Himmel, A. and Hoff, J. Hohl, C. Holin, A. Hoppe, E. Horton-Smith, G. A. Hostert, M. Hourlier, A. Howard, B. Howell, R. and Huang, J. Huang, J. Hugon, J. Iles, G. Iliescu, A. M. and Illingworth, R. Ioannisian, A. Itay, R. Izmaylov, A. and James, E. Jargowsky, B. Jediny, F. Jesus-Valls, C. Ji, X. Jiang, L. Jimenez, S. Jipa, A. Joglekar, A. and Johnson, C. Johnson, R. Jones, B. Jones, S. Jung, C. and Junk, T. Jwa, Y. Kabirnezhad, M. Kaboth, A. Kadenko, I and Kamiya, F. Karagiorgi, G. Karcher, A. Karolak, M. and Karyotakis, Y. Kasai, S. Kasetti, S. P. Kashur, L. and Kazaryan, N. Kearns, E. Keener, P. Kelly, K. J. Kemp, E. and Ketchum, W. Kettell, S. Khabibullin, M. Khotjantsev, A. and Khvedelidze, A. Kim, D. King, B. Kirby, B. Kirby, M. and Klein, J. Koehler, K. Koerner, L. W. Kohn, S. and Koller, P. P. Kordosky, M. Kosc, T. Kose, U. Kostelecky, V Kothekar, K. Krennrich, F. Kreslo, I Kudenko, Y. and Kudryavtsev, V Kulagin, S. Kumar, J. Kumar, R. Kuruppu, C. Kus, V Kutter, T. Lambert, A. Lande, K. Lane, C. E. Lang, K. Langford, T. Lasorak, P. Last, D. and Lastoria, C. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, A. Lazanu, I LaZur, R. Le, T. Learned, J. LeBrun, P. Miotto, G. Lehmann and Lehnert, R. de Oliveira, M. Leigui Leitner, M. Leyton, M. and Li, L. Li, S. Li, S. Li, T. Li, Y. Liao, H. and Lin, C. Lin, S. Lister, A. Littlejohn, B. R. Liu, J. and Lockwitz, S. Loew, T. Lokajicek, M. Lomidze, I Long, K. and Loo, K. Lorca, D. Lord, T. LoSecco, J. Louis, W. C. and Luk, K. Luo, X. Lurkin, N. Lux, T. Luzio, V. P. and MacFarland, D. Machado, A. Machado, P. Macias, C. and Macier, J. Maddalena, A. Madigan, P. Magill, S. Mahn, K. and Maio, A. Maloney, J. A. Mandrioli, G. Maneira, J. C. and Manenti, L. Manly, S. Mann, A. Manolopoulos, K. Plata, M. Manrique Marchionni, A. Marciano, W. Marfatia, D. and Mariani, C. Maricic, J. Marinho, F. Marino, A. D. and Marshak, M. Marshall, C. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. and Martin-Albo, J. Martinez, N. Caicedo, D. A. Martinez and Martynenko, S. Mason, K. Mastbaum, A. Masud, M. Matsuno, S. Matthews, J. Mauger, C. Mauri, N. Mavrokoridis, K. and Mazza, R. Mazzacane, A. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, E. and McConkey, N. McFarland, K. S. McGrew, C. McNab, A. and Mefodiev, A. Mehta, P. Melas, P. Mellinato, M. Mena, O. and Menary, S. Mendez, H. Menegolli, A. Meng, G. and Messier, M. Metcalf, W. Mewes, M. Meyer, H. Miao, T. and Michna, G. Miedema, T. Migenda, J. Milincic, R. Miller, W. Mills, J. Milne, C. Mineev, O. Miranda, O. G. and Miryala, S. Mishra, C. Mishra, S. Mislivec, A. Mladenov, D. Mocioiu, I Moffat, K. Moggi, N. Mohanta, R. and Mohayai, T. A. Mokhov, N. Molina, J. A. Bueno, L. Molina and Montanari, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montano Zetina, L. M. Moon, J. Mooney, M. Moor, A. Moreno, D. Morgan, B. Morris, C. Mossey, C. Motuk, E. Moura, C. A. and Mousseau, J. Mu, W. Mualem, L. Mueller, J. Muether, M. and Mufson, S. Muheim, F. Muir, A. Mulhearn, M. and Muramatsu, H. Murphy, S. Musser, J. Nachtman, J. Nagu, S. Nalbandyan, M. Nandakumar, R. Naples, D. Narita, S. and Navas-Nicolas, D. Nayak, N. Nebot-Guinot, M. Necib, L. and Negishi, K. Nelson, J. K. Nesbit, J. Nessi, M. and Newbold, D. Newcomer, M. Newhart, D. Nichol, R. Niner, E. Nishimura, K. Norman, A. Northrop, R. Novella, P. and Nowak, J. A. Oberling, M. Del Campo, A. Olivares Olivier, A. and Onel, Y. Onishchuk, Y. Ott, J. Pagani, L. Pakvasa, S. Palamara, O. Palestini, S. Paley, J. M. Pallavicini, M. Palomares, C. Pantic, E. Paolone, V Papadimitriou, V and Papaleo, R. Papanestis, A. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, S. and Parsa, Z. Parvu, M. Pascoli, S. Pasqualini, L. and Pasternak, J. Pater, J. Patrick, C. Patrizii, L. and Patterson, R. B. Patton, S. Patzak, T. Paudel, A. and Paulos, B. Paulucci, L. Pavlovic, Z. Pawloski, G. Payne, D. Pec, V Peeters, S. J. Penichot, Y. Pennacchio, E. and Penzo, A. Peres, O. L. Perry, J. Pershey, D. Pessina, G. and Petrillo, G. Petta, C. Petti, R. Piastra, F. and Pickering, L. Pietropaolo, F. Pillow, J. Plunkett, R. and Poling, R. Pons, X. Poonthottathil, N. Pordes, S. and Potekhin, M. Potenza, R. Potukuchi, V, B. Pozimski, J. and Pozzato, M. Prakash, S. Prakash, T. Prince, S. Prior, G. and Pugnere, D. Qi, K. Qian, X. Raaf, J. Raboanary, R. and Radeka, V Rademacker, J. Radics, B. Rafique, A. and Raguzin, E. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, M. Rakhno, I and Rakotondramanana, H. Rakotondravohitra, L. Ramachers, Y. and Rameika, R. Ramirez Delgado, M. Ramson, B. Rappoldi, A. and Raselli, G. Ratoff, P. Ravat, S. Razafinime, H. Real, J. and Rebel, B. Redondo, D. Reggiani-Guzzo, M. Rehak, T. and Reichenbacher, J. Reitzner, S. D. Renshaw, A. Rescia, S. and Resnati, F. Reynolds, A. Riccobene, G. Rice, L. C. and Rielage, K. Rigaut, Y. Rivera, D. Rochester, L. Roda, M. and Rodrigues, P. Alonso, M. Rodriguez Rondon, J. Rodriguez and Roeth, A. Rogers, H. Rosauro-Alcaraz, S. Rossella, M. and Rout, J. Roy, S. Rubbia, A. Rubbia, C. Russell, B. and Russell, J. Ruterbories, D. Saakyan, R. Sacerdoti, S. and Safford, T. Sahu, N. Sala, P. Samios, N. Sanchez, M. and Sanders, D. A. Sankey, D. Santana, S. Santos-Maldonado, M. and Saoulidou, N. Sapienza, P. Sarasty, C. Sarcevic, I and Savage, G. Savinov, V Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. and Scarpelli, A. Schaffer, T. Schellman, H. Schlabach, P. and Schmitz, D. Scholberg, K. Schukraft, A. Segreto, E. and Sensenig, J. Seong, I Sergi, A. Sergiampietri, F. and Sgalaberna, D. Shaevitz, M. Shafaq, S. Shamma, M. and Sharma, H. R. Sharma, R. Shaw, T. Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. Shin, S. Shooltz, D. Shrock, R. Simard, L. Simos, N. Sinclair, J. Sinev, G. Singh, J. Singh, J. Singh, V Sipos, R. Sippach, F. Sirri, G. Sitraka, A. and Siyeon, K. Smargianaki, D. Smith, A. Smith, A. Smith, E. and Smith, P. Smolik, J. Smy, M. Snopok, P. Nunes, M. Soares Sobel, H. Soderberg, M. Solano Salinas, C. J. and Soldner-Rembold, S. Solomey, N. Solovov, V Sondheim, W. E. and Sorel, M. Soto-Oton, J. Sousa, A. Soustruznik, K. and Spagliardi, F. Spanu, M. Spitz, J. Spooner, N. J. and Spurgeon, K. Staley, R. Stancari, M. Stanco, L. Steiner, H. Stewart, J. Stillwell, B. Stock, J. Stocker, F. and Stokes, T. Strait, M. Strauss, T. Striganov, S. Stuart, A. Summers, D. Surdo, A. Susic, V Suter, L. Sutera, C. Svoboda, R. Szczerbinska, B. Szelc, A. Talaga, R. and Tanaka, H. Oregui, B. Tapia Tapper, A. Tariq, S. Tatar, E. Tayloe, R. Teklu, A. Tenti, M. Terao, K. Ternes, C. A. Terranova, F. Testera, G. Thea, A. Thompson, J. L. and Thorn, C. Timm, S. Tonazzo, A. Torti, M. Tortola, M. and Tortorici, F. Totani, D. Toups, M. Touramanis, C. and Trevor, J. Trzaska, W. H. Tsai, Y. T. Tsamalaidze, Z. and Tsang, K. Tsverava, N. Tufanli, S. Tull, C. Tyley, E. and Tzanov, M. Uchida, M. A. Urheim, J. Usher, T. and Vagins, M. Vahle, P. Valdiviesso, G. Valencia, E. and Vallari, Z. Valle, J. W. Vallecorsa, S. Van Berg, R. Van de Water, R. G. Forero, D. Vanegas Varanini, F. Vargas, D. and Varner, G. Vasel, J. Vasseur, G. Vaziri, K. Ventura, S. Verdugo, A. Vergani, S. Vermeulen, M. A. Verzocchi, M. de Souza, H. Vieira Vignoli, C. Vilela, C. Viren, B. and Vrba, T. Wachala, T. Waldron, V, A. Wallbank, M. and Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Warburton, K. and Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. Weatherly, P. Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. Wenman, D. Wetstein, M. While, M. R. White, A. Whitehead, L. H. and Whittington, D. Wilking, M. J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. Wilson, F. Wilson, R. J. Wolcott, J. Wongjirad, T. and Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. Yang, T. and Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. Yu, J. and Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. Zimmerman, E. D. Zito, M. and Zucchelli, S. Zuklin, J. Zutshi, V Zwaska, R. DUNE Collaboration
Published: 2020

24. Green Approach for Post-industrial Urban Regeneration

Author: Edwin H.W. Chan, May Jiemei Luo, Queena K. Qian, Izzy Yi Jian, and Weizhen Chen
Subjects: Urban form, Restructuring, Sustainability, Urban regeneration, Business, Pedestrian, China, Regeneration (ecology), Environmental planning, Urban environment
Abstract: For cities facing post-industrial transition, urban greenways are proven strategies to activate urban spaces and improve the sustainability of cities. However, significant challenges remain when seeking to link greenways as a greenway network and integrate greenway networks to urban spaces. Given this shortcoming, Yantai National Economic and Technical Development Zone (YEDZ) was selected as a representative case. This paper analyzed the potential role of greenway network and requirements of post-industrial development for the urban environment. It seeks to develop a regeneration approach that integrating urban greenway planning with overall urban reform. Our priorities are providing a pedestrian network with non-utilitarian rhythms by activating former industrial spaces, restructuring urban green spaces, and integrating greenway networks into diverse urban spaces. In this way, it reveals the comprehensive benefits of the urban greenway network and improves overall urban form - multiple benefits, including economic development and social rewards, be created in the regeneration.
Published: 2020

25. Volume I. Introduction to DUNE

Author: Abi, B. Acciarri, R. Acero, M. A. Adamov, G. Adams, D. and Adinolfi, M. Ahmad, Z. Ahmed, J. Alion, T. Monsalve, S. Alonso Alt, C. Anderson, J. Andreopoulos, C. Andrews, M. Andrianala, F. Andringa, S. Ankowski, A. Antonova, M. and Antusch, S. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, A. Arnold, L. O. and Arroyave, M. A. Asaadi, J. Aurisano, A. Aushev, V. and Autiero, D. Azfar, F. Back, H. Back, J. J. Backhouse, C. and Baesso, P. Bayby, L. Bajou, R. Balasubramanian, S. and Baldi, P. Bambah, B. Barao, F. Barenhoim, G. Barker, G. and Barkhouse, W. Barnes, C. Barr, G. Monarca, J. Barranco and Barros, N. Barrow, J. L. Bashyal, A. Basque, V. Bay, F. Alba, J. Bazo Beacom, J. F. Bechetoille, E. Behera, B. Bellantoni, L. Bellettini, G. Bellini, V. and Beltramello, O. Belver, D. Benckos, N. Neves, F. Bento and Berger, J. Berkman, S. Bernardini, P. Berner, R. M. and Berns, H. Bertolucci, S. Betancourt, M. Bezawada, Y. and Bhattacharjee, M. Bhuyan, B. Biagi, S. Bian, J. and Biassoni, M. Bierv, K. Bilki, B. Bishai, M. Bitadze, A. and Blake, A. Siffert, B. Blanco Blaszczyk, F. Blazey, G. and Blucher, E. Boissevain, J. Bolognesi, S. Bolton, T. and Bonesini, M. Bongrand, M. Bonini, F. Booth, A. Booth, C. and Bordoni, S. Borkum, A. Boschi, T. Bostan, N. Bour, P. Boyd, S. Bovden, D. Bracinik, J. Braga, D. and Brailsford, D. Brandt, A. Bremer, J. Brew, C. Brianne, E. Brice, S. J. Brizzolari, C. Bromherg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooke, J. Bross, A. Brunetti, G. Buchanan, N. and Budd, H. Caiulo, D. Calaftura, P. Calcutt, J. Calin, M. and Calvez, S. Calvo, E. Camilleri, L. Caminata, A. and Campanelli, M. Caratelli, D. Carini, G. Carlus, B. and Carniti, P. Terrazas, I. Caro Carranza, H. Castillo, A. and Castromonte, C. Cattadori, C. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, F. and Centro, S. Cerati, G. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. and Chalifour, M. Chang, C. Chardonnet, E. Chatterjee, A. and Chattopadhyay, S. Chaves, J. Chen, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Cherdack, D. Chi, C. Childress, S. Chiriacescu, A. and Cho, K. Choubey, S. Christensen, A. Christian, D. and Christodoulou, G. Church, E. Clarke, P. Coan, T. E. and Cocco, A. G. Coelho, J. Conley, E. Conrad, J. Convery, M. Corwin, L. Cotte, P. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, L. and Crespo-Anadon, J. I. Cristaldo, E. Cross, R. Cuesta, C. and Cui, Y. Cussans, D. Dahrowski, M. Da Motta, H. Da Silva Peres, L. David, Q. Davies, G. S. Davini, S. Dawson, J. and De, K. De Almeida, R. M. Debbins, P. De Bonis, I. and Decowski, M. De Gouvea, A. De Holanda, P. C. Astiz, I. L. De Icaza Deistin, A. De Jong, P. Delbart, A. Delepine, D. and Delgado, M. Dell'Acqua, A. De Lurgio, P. De Mello Neto, J. R. DeMuth, D. M. Dennis, S. Densham, C. Deptuch, G. and De Roeck, A. De Romeri, V. De Vries, J. Dharmapalan, R. and Dias, M. Diaz, F. Diaz, J. Di Domizio, S. Di Giulio, L. Ding, P. Di Noto, L. Distefano, C. Diurba, R. and Diwan, M. Djurcic, Z. Dokania, N. Dolinski, M. Domine, L. Douglas, D. Drielsma, F. Duchesneau, D. Duffy, K. and Dunne, P. Durkin, T. Duyang, H. Dvornikov, O. Dwyer, D. and Dyshkant, A. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Eisch, J. Emery, S. Ereditato, A. Escobar, C. Escudero Sanchez, L. Evans, J. J. Ewart, E. Ezeribe, A. C. Fahey, K. Falcone, A. and Farnese, C. Farzan, Y. Felix, J. Fernandez-Martinez, E. and Menendez, P. Fernandez Ferraro, F. Fields, L. Filkins, A. and Filthaut, F. Fitzpatrick, R. S. Flanagan, W. Fleming, B. and Flight, R. Fowler, J. Fox, W. Franc, J. Francis, K. and Franco, D. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, J. and Friedland, A. Fuess, S. Furic, I. Furmanski, A. P. Gago, A. Gallagher, H. Gallego-Ros, A. Gallice, N. Galymov, V. and Gamberini, E. Gamble, T. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, R. and Gao, S. Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Peris, M. A. Gardiner, S. and Gastler, D. Ge, G. Gelli, B. Gendotti, A. Gent, S. and Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z. Gibin, D. Gil-Botella, L. Girerd, C. Giri, A. Gnani, D. Gogota, O. Gold, M. and Gollapinni, S. Gollwitzer, K. Gomes, R. A. Bermeo, L. Gomez and Fajardo, L. S. Gomez Gonnella, F. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J. and Goodman, M. C. Goodwin, O. Goswami, S. Gotti, C. and Goudzovski, E. Grace, C. Graham, M. Gramellini, E. Gran, R. Granados, E. Grant, A. Grant, C. Gratieri, D. and Green, P. Green, S. Greenler, L. Greenwood, M. Greer, J. and Griffith, C. Groh, M. Grudzinski, J. Grzelak, K. Gu, W. Guarino, V. Guenette, R. Guglielmi, A. Guo, B. and Guthikonda, K. Gutierrez, R. Guzowski, P. Guzzo, M. M. and Gwon, S. Habig, A. Hackenburg, A. Hadavand, H. Haenni, R. Hahn, A. Haigh, J. Haiston, J. Hamernik, T. and Hamilton, P. Han, J. Harder, K. Harris, D. A. Hartnell, J. Hasegawa, T. Hatcher, R. Hazen, E. Heavey, A. and Heeger, K. M. Hennessy, K. Henry, S. Morquecho, Vi. Hernandez Herner, K. Hertel, L. Hesam, A. S. Hewes, J. and Pichardo, A. Higuera Hill, T. Hillier, S. J. Himmel, A. and Hoff, J. Hohl, C. Holin, A. Hoppe, E. Horton-Smith, G. A. Hostert, M. Hourlier, A. Howard, B. Howell, R. and Huang, J. Huang, J. Hugon, J. Iles, G. Iliescu, A. M. and Illingworth, R. Ioannisian, A. Itay, R. Izmaylov, A. and James, E. Jargowsky, B. Jediny, F. Jesus-Valls, C. Ji, X. Jiang, L. Jimenez, S. Jipa, A. Joglekar, A. and Johnson, C. Johnson, R. Jones, B. Jones, S. Jung, C. and Junk, T. Jwa, Y. Kabirnezhad, M. Kaboth, A. Kadenko, I. and Kamiya, F. Karagiorgi, G. Karcher, A. Karolak, M. and Karyotakis, Y. Kasai, S. Kasetti, S. P. Kashur, L. and Kazaryan, N. Kearns, E. Keener, P. Kelly, K. J. Kemp, E. and Ketchum, W. Kettell, S. Kliabibullin, M. Khotjantsev, A. and Khvedelidze, A. Kim, D. King, B. Kirby, B. Kirby, M. and Klein, J. Koehler, K. Koerner, L. W. Kohn, S. and Koller, P. P. Kordosky, M. Kosc, T. Kose, U. Kostelecky, V. Kothekar, K. Krennrich, F. Kreslo, I. Kudenko, Y. and Kudryavtsev, V. Kulagin, S. Kumar, J. Kumar, R. Kuruppu, C. Kus, V. Kutter, T. Lamhert, A. Lande, K. Lane, C. E. Lang, K. Langford, T. Lasorak, P. Last, D. and Lastoria, C. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, A. Lazanu, I. LaZur, R. Le, T. Learned, J. LeBrun, P. Miotto, G. 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Warburton, K. Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. Weatherly, P. and Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. Wenman, D. and Wetstein, M. While, M. R. White, A. Whitehead, L. H. and Whittington, D. Wilking, M. J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. and Wilson, F. Wilson, R. J. Wolcott, J. Wongjirad, T. and Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. and Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. Yang, T. and Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. Yu, J. and Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. Zimmerman, E. D. Zito, M. and Zuccilelli, S. Zuklin, J. Zuishi, V. Zwaska, R. DUNE Collaboration
Published: 2020

26. Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment: DUNE Collaboration

Author: Abi, B. Acciarri, R. Acero, M.A. Adamov, G. Adams, D. Adinolfi, M. Ahmad, Z. Ahmed, J. Alion, T. Monsalve, S.A. Alt, C. Anderson, J. Andreopoulos, C. Andrews, M.P. Andrianala, F. Andringa, S. Ankowski, A. Antonova, M. Antusch, S. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, A. Arnold, L.O. Arroyave, M.A. Asaadi, J. Aurisano, A. Aushev, V. Autiero, D. Azfar, F. Back, H. Back, J.J. Backhouse, C. Baesso, P. Bagby, L. Bajou, R. Balasubramanian, S. Baldi, P. Bambah, B. Barao, F. Barenboim, G. Barker, G.J. Barkhouse, W. Barnes, C. Barr, G. Monarca, J.B. Barros, N. Barrow, J.L. Bashyal, A. Basque, V. Bay, F. Alba, J.L.B. Beacom, J.F. Bechetoille, E. Behera, B. Bellantoni, L. Bellettini, G. Bellini, V. Beltramello, O. Belver, D. Benekos, N. Neves, F.B. Berger, J. Berkman, S. Bernardini, P. Berner, R.M. Berns, H. Bertolucci, S. Betancourt, M. Bezawada, Y. Bhattacharjee, M. Bhuyan, B. Biagi, S. Bian, J. Biassoni, M. Biery, K. Bilki, B. Bishai, M. Bitadze, A. Blake, A. Siffert, B.B. Blaszczyk, F.D.M. Blazey, G.C. Blucher, E. Boissevain, J. Bolognesi, S. Bolton, T. Bonesini, M. Bongrand, M. Bonini, F. Booth, A. Booth, C. Bordoni, S. Borkum, A. Boschi, T. Bostan, N. Bour, P. Boyd, S.B. Boyden, D. Bracinik, J. Braga, D. Brailsford, D. Brandt, A. Bremer, J. Brew, C. Brianne, E. Brice, S.J. Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooke, J. Bross, A. Brunetti, G. Buchanan, N. Budd, H. Caiulo, D. Calafiura, P. Calcutt, J. Calin, M. Calvez, S. Calvo, E. Camilleri, L. Caminata, A. Campanelli, M. Caratelli, D. Carini, G. Carlus, B. Carniti, P. Terrazas, I.C. Carranza, H. Castillo, A. Castromonte, C. Cattadori, C. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, F. Centro, S. Cerati, G. Cervelli, A. Villanueva, A.C. Chalifour, M. Chang, C. Chardonnet, E. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chaves, J. Chen, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Cherdack, D. Chi, C. Childress, S. Chiriacescu, A. Cho, K. Choubey, S. Christensen, A. Christian, D. Christodoulou, G. Church, E. Clarke, P. Coan, T.E. Cocco, A.G. Coelho, J.A.B. Conley, E. Conrad, J.M. Convery, M. Corwin, L. Cotte, P. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, L. Crespo-Anadón, J.I. Cristaldo, E. Cross, R. Cuesta, C. Cui, Y. Cussans, D. Dabrowski, M. Motta, H. Da Silva Peres, L. David, C. David, Q. Davies, G.S. Davini, S. Dawson, J. De, K. De Almeida, R.M. Debbins, P. De Bonis, I. Decowski, M.P. de Gouvêa, A. De Holanda, P.C. De Icaza Astiz, I.L. Deisting, A. De Jong, P. Delbart, A. Delepine, D. Delgado, M. Dell’Acqua, A. De Lurgio, P. de Mello Neto, J.R.T. DeMuth, D.M. Dennis, S. Densham, C. Deptuch, G. De Roeck, A. De Romeri, V. De Vries, J.J. Dharmapalan, R. Dias, M. Diaz, F. Díaz, J.S. Domizio, S.D. Giulio, L.D. Ding, P. Noto, L.D. Distefano, C. Diurba, R. Diwan, M. Djurcic, Z. Dokania, N. Dolinski, M.J. Domine, L. Douglas, D. Drielsma, F. Duchesneau, D. Duffy, K. Dunne, P. Durkin, T. Duyang, H. Dvornikov, O. Dwyer, D.A. Dyshkant, A.S. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Eisch, J. Emery, S. Ereditato, A. Escobar, C.O. Sanchez, L.E. Evans, J.J. Ewart, E. Ezeribe, A.C. Fahey, K. Falcone, A. Farnese, C. Farzan, Y. Felix, J. Fernandez-Martinez, E. Menendez, P.F. Ferraro, F. Fields, L. Filkins, A. Filthaut, F. Fitzpatrick, R.S. Flanagan, W. Fleming, B. Flight, R. Fowler, J. Fox, W. Franc, J. Francis, K. Franco, D. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, J. Friedland, A. Fuess, S. Furic, I. Furmanski, A.P. Gago, A. Gallagher, H. Gallego-Ros, A. Gallice, N. Galymov, V. Gamberini, E. Gamble, T. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, R. Gao, S. Garcia-Gamez, D. García-Peris, M.Á. Gardiner, S. Gastler, D. Ge, G. Gelli, B. Gendotti, A. Gent, S. Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z. Gibin, D. Gil-Botella, I. Girerd, C. Giri, A.K. Gnani, D. Gogota, O. Gold, M. Gollapinni, S. Gollwitzer, K. Gomes, R.A. Bermeo, L.V.G. Fajardo, L.S.G. Gonnella, F. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J.A. Goodman, M.C. Goodwin, O. Goswami, S. Gotti, C. Goudzovski, E. Grace, C. Graham, M. Gramellini, E. Gran, R. Granados, E. Grant, A. Grant, C. Gratieri, D. Green, P. Green, S. Greenler, L. Greenwood, M. Greer, J. Griffith, W.C. Groh, M. Grudzinski, J. Grzelak, K. Gu, W. Guarino, V. Guenette, R. Guglielmi, A. Guo, B. Guthikonda, K.K. Gutierrez, R. Guzowski, P. Guzzo, M.M. Gwon, S. Habig, A. Hackenburg, A. Hadavand, H. Haenni, R. Hahn, A. Haigh, J. Haiston, J. Hamernik, T. Hamilton, P. Han, J. Harder, K. Harris, D.A. Hartnell, J. Hasegawa, T. Hatcher, R. Hazen, E. Heavey, A. Heeger, K.M. Heise, J. Hennessy, K. Henry, S. Morquecho, M.A.H. Herner, K. Hertel, L. Hesam, A.S. Hewes, J. Higuera, A. Hill, T. Hillier, S.J. Himmel, A. Hoff, J. Hohl, C. Holin, A. Hoppe, E. Horton-Smith, G.A. Hostert, M. Hourlier, A. Howard, B. Howell, R. Huang, J. Huang, J. Hugon, J. Iles, G. Ilic, N. Iliescu, A.M. Illingworth, R. Ioannisian, A. Itay, R. Izmaylov, A. James, E. Jargowsky, B. Jediny, F. Jesùs-Valls, C. Ji, X. Jiang, L. Jiménez, S. Jipa, A. Joglekar, A. Johnson, C. Johnson, R. Jones, B. Jones, S. Jung, C.K. Junk, T. Jwa, Y. Kabirnezhad, M. Kaboth, A. Kadenko, I. Kamiya, F. Karagiorgi, G. Karcher, A. Karolak, M. Karyotakis, Y. Kasai, S. Kasetti, S.P. Kashur, L. Kazaryan, N. Kearns, E. Keener, P. Kelly, K.J. Kemp, E. Ketchum, W. Kettell, S.H. Khabibullin, M. Khotjantsev, A. Khvedelidze, A. Kim, D. King, B. Kirby, B. Kirby, M. Klein, J. Koehler, K. Koerner, L.W. Kohn, S. Koller, P.P. Kordosky, M. Kosc, T. Kose, U. Kostelecký, V.A. Kothekar, K. Krennrich, F. Kreslo, I. Kudenko, Y. Kudryavtsev, V.A. Kulagin, S. Kumar, J. Kumar, R. Kuruppu, C. Kus, V. Kutter, T. Lambert, A. Lande, K. Lane, C.E. Lang, K. Langford, T. Lasorak, P. Last, D. Lastoria, C. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, A. Lazanu, I. LaZur, R. Le, T. Learned, J. LeBrun, P. Miotto, G.L. Lehnert, R. de Oliveira, M.A.L. Leitner, M. Leyton, M. Li, L. Li, S. Li, S.W. Li, T. Li, Y. Liao, H. Lin, C.S. Lin, S. Lister, A. Littlejohn, B.R. Liu, J. Lockwitz, S. Loew, T. Lokajicek, M. Lomidze, I. Long, K. Loo, K. Lorca, D. Lord, T. LoSecco, J.M. Louis, W.C. Luk, K.B. Luo, X. Lurkin, N. Lux, T. Luzio, V.P. MacFarland, D. Machado, A.A. Machado, P. Macias, C.T. Macier, J.R. Maddalena, A. Madigan, P. Magill, S. Mahn, K. Maio, A. Maloney, J.A. Mandrioli, G. Maneira, J. Manenti, L. Manly, S. Mann, A. Manolopoulos, K. Plata, M.M. Marchionni, A. Marciano, W. Marfatia, D. Mariani, C. Maricic, J. Marinho, F. Marino, A.D. Marshak, M. Marshall, C. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. Martin-Albo, J. Martinez, N. Caicedo, D.A.M. Martynenko, S. Mason, K. Mastbaum, A. Masud, M. Matsuno, S. Matthews, J. Mauger, C. Mauri, N. Mavrokoridis, K. Mazza, R. Mazzacane, A. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, E. McConkey, N. McFarland, K.S. McGrew, C. McNab, A. Mefodiev, A. Mehta, P. Melas, P. Mellinato, M. Mena, O. Menary, S. Mendez, H. Menegolli, A. Meng, G. Messier, M.D. Metcalf, W. Mewes, M. Meyer, H. Miao, T. Michna, G. Miedema, T. Migenda, J. Milincic, R. Miller, W. Mills, J. Milne, C. Mineev, O. Miranda, O.G. Miryala, S. Mishra, C.S. Mishra, S.R. Mislivec, A. Mladenov, D. Mocioiu, I. Moffat, K. Moggi, N. Mohanta, R. Mohayai, T.A. Mokhov, N. Molina, J. Bueno, L.M. Montanari, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Zetina, L.M.M. Moon, J. Mooney, M. Moor, A. Moreno, D. Morgan, B. Morris, C. Mossey, C. Motuk, E. Moura, C.A. Mousseau, J. Mu, W. Mualem, L. Mueller, J. Muether, M. Mufson, S. Muheim, F. Muir, A. Mulhearn, M. Muramatsu, H. Murphy, S. Musser, J. Nachtman, J. Nagu, S. Nalbandyan, M. Nandakumar, R. Naples, D. Narita, S. Navas-Nicolás, D. Nayak, N. Nebot-Guinot, M. Necib, L. Negishi, K. Nelson, J.K. Nesbit, J. Nessi, M. Newbold, D. Newcomer, M. Newhart, D. Nichol, R. Niner, E. Nishimura, K. Norman, A. Norrick, A. Northrop, R. Novella, P. Nowak, J.A. Oberling, M. Campo, A.O.D. Olivier, A. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, Y. Ott, J. Pagani, L. Pakvasa, S. Palamara, O. Palestini, S. Paley, J.M. Pallavicini, M. Palomares, C. Pantic, E. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, V. Papaleo, R. Papanestis, A. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, S. Parsa, Z. Parvu, M. Pascoli, S. Pasqualini, L. Pasternak, J. Pater, J. Patrick, C. Patrizii, L. Patterson, R.B. Patton, S.J. Patzak, T. Paudel, A. Paulos, B. Paulucci, L. 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Vasel, J. Vasseur, G. Vaziri, K. Ventura, S. Verdugo, A. Vergani, S. Vermeulen, M.A. Verzocchi, M. de Souza, H.V. Vignoli, C. Vilela, C. Viren, B. Vrba, T. Wachala, T. Waldron, A.V. Wallbank, M. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Warburton, K. Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. Weatherly, P. Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. Wenman, D. Wetstein, M. While, M.R. White, A. Whitehead, L.H. Whittington, D. Wilking, M.J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. Wilson, F. Wilson, R.J. Wolcott, J. Wongjirad, T. Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. Yang, T. Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. Yu, J. Zaki, R. Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G.P. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. Zimmerman, E.D. Zito, M. Zucchelli, S. Zuklin, J. Zutshi, V. Zwaska, R.
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: The sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is determined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and parameterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertainties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ, for all δCP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detector design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3σ (5σ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all δCP values. It will also make precise measurements of other parameters governing long-baseline neutrino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to sin 22 θ13 to current reactor experiments. © 2020, The Author(s).
Published: 2020

27. An analysis of urban renewal decision-making in China from the perspective of transaction costs theory

Author: Queena K. Qian, Marja Elsinga, Taozhi Zhuang, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: Transaction cost, Government, China, Transaction costs, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Equity (finance), Stakeholder, Urban renewal, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Urban Studies, Negotiation, Order (business), Urban planning, Urbanization, Business, Decision making, Industrial organization, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract: In China, there is a growing number of urban renewal projects due to the rapid growth of the economy and urbanization. To meet the needs of urban development, urban renewal requires a sound decision-making approach involving various stakeholder groups. However, current urban renewal decision-making is criticized for poor efficiency, equity, and resulting in many unintended adverse outcomes. It is claimed that high-level transaction costs (e.g., a great deal of time spent on negotiation and coordination) are the factors hidden behind the problems. However, few studies have analyzed urban renewal decision-making in a transaction costs perspective. Using the case of Chongqing, this paper aims at adopting transaction costs theory to understand the administrative process of urban renewal decision-making in China. This research focuses on four key stakeholder groups: municipal government, district government, local administrative organizations, and the consulting parties. A transaction costs analytical framework is established. First, the decision-making stages of urban renewal and involved key stakeholder groups are clarified. Second, the transactions done by different stakeholder groups in each stage is identified, thus to analyze what types of transaction costs are generated. Third, the relative levels of transaction costs among different stakeholder groups were measured based on the interview. The empirical analysis reveals how transaction costs occur and affect urban renewal decision-making. Finally, policy implications were proposed to reduce transaction costs in order to enhance urban renewal.
Published: 2020

28. Neutrino interaction classification with a convolutional neural network in the DUNE far detector

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Navas-Nicolas, D. Nayak, N. Nebot-Guinot, M. and Necib, L. Negishi, K. Nelson, J. K. Nesbit, J. Nessi, M. and Newbold, D. Newcomer, M. Newhart, D. Nichol, R. and Niner, E. Nishimura, K. Norman, A. Norrick, A. Northrop, R. Novella, P. Nowak, J. A. Oberling, M. Del Campo, A. Olivares Olivier, A. Onel, Y. Onishchuk, Y. Ott, J. and Pagani, L. Pakvasa, S. Palamara, O. Palestini, S. Paley, J. M. Pallavicini, M. Palomares, C. Pantic, E. Paolone, V. Papadimitriou, V. Papaleo, R. Papanestis, A. and Paramesvaran, S. Parke, S. Parsa, Z. Parvu, M. Pascoli, S. Pasqualini, L. Pasternak, J. Pater, J. Patrick, C. and Patrizii, L. Patterson, R. B. Patton, S. J. Patzak, T. and Paudel, A. Paulos, B. Paulucci, L. Pavlovic, Z. and Pawloski, G. Payne, D. Pec, V. Peeters, S. J. M. and Penichot, Y. Pennacchio, E. Penzo, A. Peres, O. L. G. and Perry, J. Pershey, D. Pessina, G. Petrillo, G. Petta, C. and Petti, R. Piastra, F. Pickering, L. Pietropaolo, F. and Pillow, J. Pinzino, J. Plunkett, R. Poling, R. Pons, X. and Poonthottathil, N. Pordes, S. Potekhin, M. Potenza, R. and Potukuchi, B. V. K. S. Pozimski, J. Pozzato, M. Prakash, S. Prakash, T. Prince, S. Prior, G. Pugnere, D. Qi, K. Qian, X. Raaf, J. L. Raboanary, R. Radeka, V. and Rademacker, J. Radics, B. Radovic, A. Rafique, A. and Raguzin, E. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, M. Rakhno, I. and Rakotondramanana, H. T. Rakotondravohitra, L. Ramachers, Y. A. and Rameika, R. Delgado, M. A. Ramirez Ramson, B. Rappoldi, A. Raselli, G. Ratoff, P. Ravat, S. Razafinime, H. and Real, J. S. Rebel, B. Redondo, D. Reggiani-Guzzo, M. and Rehak, T. Reichenbacher, J. Reitzner, S. D. Renshaw, A. and Rescia, S. Resnati, F. Reynolds, A. Riccobene, G. Rice, L. C. J. Rielage, K. Rigaut, Y. Rivera, D. Rochester, L. and Roda, M. Rodrigues, P. Alonso, M. J. Rodriguez Rondon, J. Rodriguez Roeth, A. J. Rogers, H. Rosauro-Alcaraz, S. and Rossella, M. Rout, J. Roy, S. Rubbia, A. Rubbia, C. and Russell, B. Russell, J. Ruterbories, D. Saakyan, R. and Sacerdoti, S. Safford, T. Sahu, N. Sala, P. Samios, N. and Sanchez, M. C. Sanders, D. A. Sankey, D. Santana, S. and Santos-Maldonado, M. Saoulidou, N. Sapienza, P. Sarasty, C. and Sarcevic, I. Savage, G. Savinov, V. Scaramelli, A. and Scarff, A. Scarpelli, A. Schaffer, T. Schellman, H. and Schlabach, P. Schmitz, D. Scholberg, K. Schukraft, A. and Segreto, E. Sensenig, J. Seong, I. Sergi, A. and Sergiampietri, F. Sgalaberna, D. Shaevitz, M. H. Shafaq, S. and Shamma, M. Sharma, H. R. Sharma, R. Shaw, T. and Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. Shin, S. Shooltz, D. Shrock, R. and Simard, L. Simos, N. Sinclair, J. Sinev, G. Singh, J. Singh, J. Singh, V. Sipos, R. Sippach, F. W. and Sirri, G. Sitraka, A. Siyeon, K. Smargianaki, D. Smith, A. Smith, A. Smith, E. Smith, P. Smolik, J. Smy, M. and Snopok, P. Soares Nunes, M. Sobel, H. Soderberg, M. and Salinas, C. J. Solano Soldner-Rembold, S. Solomey, N. and Solovov, V. Sondheim, W. E. Sorel, M. Soto-Oton, J. and Sousa, A. Soustruznik, K. Spagliardi, F. Spanu, M. and Spitz, J. Spooner, N. J. C. Spurgeon, K. Staley, R. and Stancari, M. Stanco, L. Steiner, H. M. Stewart, J. and Stillwell, B. Stock, J. Stocker, F. Stokes, T. Strait, M. Strauss, T. Striganov, S. Stuart, A. Summers, D. and Surdo, A. Susic, V. Suter, L. Sutera, C. M. Svoboda, R. and Szczerbinska, B. Szelc, A. M. Talaga, R. Tanaka, H. A. and Oregui, B. Tapia Tapper, A. Tariq, S. Tatar, E. and Tayloe, R. Teklu, A. M. Tenti, M. Terao, K. Ternes, C. A. Terranova, F. Testera, G. Thea, A. Thompson, J. L. and Thorn, C. Timm, S. C. Tonazzo, A. Torti, M. Tortola, M. Tortorici, F. Totani, D. Toups, M. Touramanis, C. and Trevor, J. Trzaska, W. H. Tsai, Y. T. Tsamalaidze, Z. and Tsang, K. V. Tsverava, N. Tufanli, S. Tull, C. Tyley, E. and Tzanov, M. Uchida, M. A. Urheim, J. Usher, T. and Vagins, M. R. Vahle, P. Valdiviesso, G. A. Valencia, E. and Vallari, Z. Valle, J. W. F. Vallecorsa, S. Van Berg, R. and Van de Water, R. G. Vanegas Forero, D. Varanini, F. Vargas, D. Varner, G. Vasel, J. Vasseur, G. Vaziri, K. and Ventura, S. Verdugo, A. Vergani, S. Vermeulen, M. A. and Verzocchi, M. Vieira de Souza, H. Vignoli, C. Vilela, C. and Viren, B. Vrba, T. Wachala, T. Waldron, A. V. Wallbank, M. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Warburton, K. and Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. and Weatherly, P. Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. and Wenman, D. Wetstein, M. While, M. R. White, A. and Whitehead, L. H. Whittington, D. Wilking, M. J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. Wilson, F. Wilson, R. J. Wolcott, J. and Wongjirad, T. Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. and Yang, T. Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. and Yu, J. Zaki, R. Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. and Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G. P. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. Zimmerman, E. D. Zito, M. Zucchelli, S. Zuklin, J. Zutshi, V. and Zwaska, R. DUNE Collaboration
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment is a next-generation neutrino oscillation experiment that aims to measure CP-violation in the neutrino sector as part of a wider physics program. A deep learning approach based on a convolutional neural network has been developed to provide highly efficient and pure selections of electron neutrino and muon neutrino charged-current interactions. The electron neutrino (antineutrino) selection efficiency peaks at 90% (94%) and exceeds 85% (90%) for reconstructed neutrino energies between 2-5 GeV. The muon neutrino (antineutrino) event selection is found to have a maximum efficiency of 96% (97%) and exceeds 90% (95%) efficiency for reconstructed neutrino energies above 2 GeV. When considering all electron neutrino and antineutrino interactions as signal, a selection purity of 90% is achieved. These event selections are critical to maximize the sensitivity of the experiment to CP-violating effects.
Published: 2020

29. Volume III DUNE far detector technical coordination

Author: Abi, B. Acciarri, R. Acero, M. A. Adamov, G. Adams, D. and Adinolfi, M. Ahmad, Z. Ahmed, J. Alion, T. Monsalve, S. Alonso Alt, C. Anderson, J. Andreopoulos, C. Andrews, M. Andrianala, F. Andringa, S. Ankowski, A. Antonova, M. and Antusch, S. Aranda-Fernandez, A. Ariga, A. Arnold, L. O. and Arroyave, M. A. Asaadi, J. Aurisano, A. Aushev, V and Autiero, D. Azfar, F. Back, H. Back, J. J. Backhouse, C. and Baesso, P. Bagby, L. Bajou, R. Balasubramanian, S. and Baldi, P. Bambah, B. Barao, F. Barenboim, G. Barker, G. and Barkhouse, W. Barnes, C. Barr, G. Barranco Monarca, J. and Barros, N. Barrow, J. L. Bashyal, A. Basque, V Bay, F. Bazo Alba, J. Beacom, J. F. Bechetoille, E. Behera, B. Bellantoni, L. Bellettini, G. Bellini, V Beltramello, O. Belver, D. Benekos, N. Neves, F. Bento Berger, J. and Berkman, S. Bernardini, P. Berner, R. M. Berns, H. and Bertolucci, S. Betancourt, M. Bezawada, Y. Bhattacharjee, M. and Bhuyan, B. Biagi, S. Bian, J. Biassoni, M. Biery, K. and Bilki, B. Bishai, M. Bitadze, A. Blake, A. Siffert, B. Blanco Blaszczyk, F. Blazey, G. Blucher, E. and Boissevain, J. Bolognesi, S. Bolton, T. Bonesini, M. and Bongrand, M. Bonini, F. Booth, A. Booth, C. Bordoni, S. and Borkum, A. Boschi, T. Bostan, N. Bour, P. Boyd, S. and Boyden, D. Bracinik, J. Braga, D. Brailsford, D. and Brandt, A. Bremer, J. Brew, C. Brianne, E. Brice, S. J. and Brizzolari, C. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooke, J. and Bross, A. Brunetti, G. Buchanan, N. Budd, H. Caiulo, D. Calafiura, P. Calcutt, J. Calin, M. Calvez, S. and Calvo, E. Camilleri, L. Caminata, A. Campanelli, M. and Caratelli, D. Carini, G. Carlus, B. Carniti, P. and Terrazas, I. Caro Carranza, H. Castillo, A. Castromonte, C. and Cattadori, C. Cavalier, F. Cavanna, F. Centro, S. and Cerati, G. Cervelli, A. Cervera Villanueva, A. Chalifour, M. and Chang, C. Chardonnet, E. Chatterjee, A. Chattopadhyay, S. Chaves, J. Chen, H. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Cherdack, D. Chi, C. Childress, S. Chiriacescu, A. Cho, K. and Choubey, S. Christensen, A. Christian, D. Christodoulou, G. and Church, E. Clarke, P. Coan, T. E. Cocco, A. G. and Coelho, J. Conley, E. Conrad, J. Convery, M. Corwin, L. and Cotte, P. Cremaldi, L. Cremonesi, L. Crespo-Anadon, I, J. Cristaldo, E. Cross, R. Cuesta, C. Cui, Y. and Cussans, D. Dabrowski, M. Da Motta, H. Peres, L. Da Silva and David, Q. Davies, G. S. Davini, S. Dawson, J. De, K. and De Almeida, R. M. Debbins, P. De Bonis, I Decowski, M. and De Gouvea, A. De Holanda, P. C. Astiz, I. L. De Icaza and Deisting, A. De Jong, P. Delbart, A. Delepine, D. and Delgado, M. Dell'Acqua, A. De Lurgio, P. De Mello Neto, J. R. DeMuth, D. M. Dennis, S. Densham, C. Deptuch, G. and De Roeck, A. De Romeri, V De Vries, J. Dharmapalan, R. and Dias, M. Diaz, F. Diaz, J. Di Domizio, S. Di Giulio, L. and Ding, P. Di Noto, L. Distefano, C. Diurba, R. Diwan, M. Djurcic, Z. Dokania, N. Dolinski, M. Domine, L. and Douglas, D. Drielsma, F. Duchesneau, D. Duffy, K. Dunne, P. Durkin, T. Duyang, H. Dvornikov, O. Dwyer, D. and Dyshkant, A. Eads, M. Edmunds, D. Eisch, J. Emery, S. and Ereditato, A. Escobar, C. Sanchez, L. Escudero Evans, J. J. Ewart, E. Ezeribe, A. C. Fahey, K. Falcone, A. and Farnese, C. Farzan, Y. Felix, J. Fernandez-Martinez, E. and Fernandez Menendez, P. Ferraro, F. Fields, L. Filkins, A. and Filthaut, F. Fitzpatrick, R. S. Flanagan, W. Fleming, B. and Flight, R. Fowler, J. Fox, W. Franc, J. Francis, K. and Franco, D. Freeman, J. Freestone, J. Fried, J. and Friedland, A. Fuess, S. Furic, I Furmanski, A. P. Gago, A. Gallagher, H. Gallego-Ros, A. Gallice, N. Galymov, V and Gamberini, E. Gamble, T. Gandhi, R. Gandrajula, R. and Gao, S. Garcia-Gamez, D. Garcia-Peris, M. A. Gardiner, S. and Gastler, D. Ge, G. Gelli, B. Gendotti, A. Gent, S. and Ghorbani-Moghaddam, Z. Gibin, D. Gil-Botella, I Girerd, C. Giri, A. Gnani, D. Gogota, O. Gold, M. and Gollapinni, S. Gollwitzer, K. Gomes, R. A. Gomez Bermeo, L. and Gomez Fajardo, L. S. Gonnella, F. Gonzalez-Cuevas, J. and Goodman, M. C. Goodwin, O. Goswami, S. Gotti, C. and Goudzovski, E. Grace, C. Graham, M. Gramellini, E. Gran, R. Granados, E. Grant, A. Grant, C. Gratieri, D. and Green, P. Green, S. Greenler, L. Greenwood, M. Greer, J. and Griffith, C. Groh, M. Grudzinski, J. Grzelak, K. Gu, W. Guarino, V Guenette, R. Guglielmi, A. Guo, B. and Guthikonda, K. Gutierrez, R. Guzowski, P. Guzzo, M. M. and Gwon, S. Habig, A. Hackenburg, A. Hadavand, H. Haenni, R. Hahn, A. Haigh, J. Haiston, J. Hamernik, T. and Hamilton, P. Han, J. Harder, K. Harris, D. A. Hartnell, J. Hasegawa, T. Hatcher, R. Hazen, E. Heavey, A. and Heeger, K. M. Hennessy, K. Henry, S. Hernandez Morquecho, M. and Herner, K. Hertel, L. Hesam, A. S. Hewes, J. and Pichardo, A. Higuera Hill, T. Hillier, S. J. Himmel, A. and Hoff, J. Hohl, C. Holin, A. Hoppe, E. Horton-Smith, G. A. Hostert, M. Hourlier, A. Howard, B. Howell, R. and Huang, J. Huang, J. Hugon, J. Iles, G. Iliescu, A. M. and Illingworth, R. Ioannisian, A. Itay, R. Izmaylov, A. and James, E. Jargowsky, B. Jediny, F. Jesus-Valls, C. Ji, X. Jiang, L. Jimenez, S. Jipa, A. Joglekar, A. and Johnson, C. Johnson, R. Jones, B. Jones, S. Jung, C. and Junk, T. Jwa, Y. Kabirnezhad, M. Kaboth, A. Kadenko, I and Kamiya, F. Karagiorgi, G. Karcher, A. Karolak, M. and Karyotakis, Y. Kasai, S. Kasetti, S. P. Kashur, L. and Kazaryan, N. Kearns, E. Keener, P. Kelly, K. J. Kemp, E. and Ketchum, W. Kettell, S. Khabibullin, M. Khotjantsev, A. and Khvedelidze, A. Kim, D. King, B. Kirby, B. Kirby, M. and Klein, J. Koehler, K. Koerner, L. W. Kohn, S. and Koller, P. P. Kordosky, M. Kosc, T. Kose, U. Kostelecky, V Kothekar, K. Krennrich, F. Kreslo, I Kudenko, Y. and Kudryavtsev, V Kulagin, S. Kumar, J. Kumar, R. Kuruppu, C. Kus, V Kutter, T. Lambert, A. Lande, K. Lane, C. E. Lang, K. Langford, T. Lasorak, P. Last, D. and Lastoria, C. Laundrie, A. Lawrence, A. Lazanu, I LaZur, R. Le, T. Learned, J. LeBrun, P. Miotto, G. Lehmann and Lehnert, R. de Oliveira, M. Leigui Leitner, M. Leyton, M. and Li, L. Li, S. Li, S. Li, T. Li, Y. Liao, H. and Lin, C. Lin, S. Lister, A. Littlejohn, B. R. Liu, J. and Lockwitz, S. Loew, T. Lokajicek, M. Lomidze, I Long, K. and Loo, K. Lorca, D. Lord, T. LoSecco, J. Louis, W. C. and Luk, K. Luo, X. Lurkin, N. Lux, T. Luzio, V. P. and MacFarland, D. Machado, A. Machado, P. Macias, C. and Macier, J. Maddalena, A. Madigan, P. Magill, S. Mahn, K. and Maio, A. Maloney, J. A. Mandrioli, G. Maneira, J. C. and Manenti, L. Manly, S. Mann, A. Manolopoulos, K. Plata, M. Manrique Marchionni, A. Marciano, W. Marfatia, D. and Mariani, C. Maricic, J. Marinho, F. Marino, A. D. and Marshak, M. Marshall, C. Marshall, J. Marteau, J. and Martin-Albo, J. Martinez, N. Caicedo, D. A. Martinez and Martynenko, S. Mason, K. Mastbaum, A. Masud, M. Matsuno, S. Matthews, J. Mauger, C. Mauri, N. Mavrokoridis, K. and Mazza, R. Mazzacane, A. Mazzucato, E. McCluskey, E. and McConkey, N. McFarland, K. S. McGrew, C. McNab, A. and Mefodiev, A. Mehta, P. Melas, P. Mellinato, M. Mena, O. and Menary, S. Mendez, H. Menegolli, A. Meng, G. and Messier, M. Metcalf, W. Mewes, M. Meyer, H. Miao, T. and Michna, G. Miedema, T. Migenda, J. Milincic, R. Miller, W. Mills, J. Milne, C. Mineev, O. Miranda, O. G. and Miryala, S. Mishra, C. Mishra, S. Mislivec, A. Mladenov, D. Mocioiu, I Moffat, K. Moggi, N. Mohanta, R. and Mohayai, T. A. Mokhov, N. Molina, J. A. Bueno, L. Molina and Montanari, A. Montanari, C. Montanari, D. Montano Zetina, L. M. Moon, J. Mooney, M. Moor, A. Moreno, D. Morgan, B. Morris, C. Mossey, C. Motuk, E. Moura, C. A. and Mousseau, J. Mu, W. Mualem, L. Mueller, J. Muether, M. and Mufson, S. Muheim, F. Muir, A. Mulhearn, M. and Muramatsu, H. Murphy, S. Musser, J. Nachtman, J. Nagu, S. Nalbandyan, M. Nandakumar, R. Naples, D. Narita, S. and Navas-Nicolas, D. Nayak, N. Nebot-Guinot, M. Necib, L. and Negishi, K. Nelson, J. K. Nesbit, J. Nessi, M. and Newbold, D. Newcomer, M. Newhart, D. Nichol, R. Niner, E. Nishimura, K. Norman, A. Northrop, R. Novella, P. and Nowak, J. A. Oberling, M. Del Campo, A. Olivares Olivier, A. and Onel, Y. Onishchuk, Y. Ott, J. Pagani, L. Pakvasa, S. Palamara, O. Palestini, S. Paley, J. M. Pallavicini, M. Palomares, C. Pantic, E. Paolone, V Papadimitriou, V and Papaleo, R. Papanestis, A. Paramesvaran, S. Parke, S. and Parsa, Z. Parvu, M. Pascoli, S. Pasqualini, L. and Pasternak, J. Pater, J. Patrick, C. Patrizii, L. and Patterson, R. B. Patton, S. Patzak, T. Paudel, A. and Paulos, B. Paulucci, L. Pavlovic, Z. Pawloski, G. Payne, D. Pec, V Peeters, S. J. Penichot, Y. Pennacchio, E. and Penzo, A. Peres, O. L. Perry, J. Pershey, D. Pessina, G. and Petrillo, G. Petta, C. Petti, R. Piastra, F. and Pickering, L. Pietropaolo, F. Pillow, J. Plunkett, R. and Poling, R. Pons, X. Poonthottathil, N. Pordes, S. and Potekhin, M. Potenza, R. Potukuchi, V, B. Pozimski, J. and Pozzato, M. Prakash, S. Prakash, T. Prince, S. Prior, G. and Pugnere, D. Qi, K. Qian, X. Raaf, J. Raboanary, R. and Radeka, V Rademacker, J. Radics, B. Rafique, A. and Raguzin, E. Rai, M. Rajaoalisoa, M. Rakhno, I and Rakotondramanana, H. Rakotondravohitra, L. Ramachers, Y. and Rameika, R. Delgado, M. Ramirez Ramson, B. Rappoldi, A. and Raselli, G. Ratoff, P. Ravat, S. Razafinime, H. Real, J. and Rebel, B. Redondo, D. Reggiani-Guzzo, M. Rehak, T. and Reichenbacher, J. Reitzner, S. D. Renshaw, A. Rescia, S. and Resnati, F. Reynolds, A. Riccobene, G. Rice, L. C. and Rielage, K. Rigaut, Y. Rivera, D. Rochester, L. Roda, M. and Rodrigues, P. Alonso, M. Rodriguez Rondon, J. Rodriguez and Roeth, A. Rogers, H. Rosauro-Alcaraz, S. Rossella, M. and Rout, J. Roy, S. Rubbia, A. Rubbia, C. Russell, B. and Russell, J. Ruterbories, D. Saakyan, R. Sacerdoti, S. and Safford, T. Sahu, N. Sala, P. Samios, N. Sanchez, M. and Sanders, D. A. Sankey, D. Santana, S. Santos-Maldonado, M. and Saoulidou, N. Sapienza, P. Sarasty, C. Sarcevic, I and Savage, G. Savinov, V Scaramelli, A. Scarff, A. and Scarpelli, A. Schaffer, T. Schellman, H. Schlabach, P. and Schmitz, D. Scholberg, K. Schukraft, A. Segreto, E. and Sensenig, J. Seong, I Sergi, A. Sergiampietri, F. and Sgalaberna, D. Shaevitz, M. Shafaq, S. Shamma, M. and Sharma, H. R. Sharma, R. Shaw, T. Shepherd-Themistocleous, C. Shin, S. Shooltz, D. Shrock, R. Simard, L. Simos, N. Sinclair, J. Sinev, G. Singh, J. Singh, J. Singh, V Sipos, R. Sippach, F. Sirri, G. Sitraka, A. and Siyeon, K. Smargianaki, D. Smith, A. Smith, A. Smith, E. and Smith, P. Smolik, J. Smy, M. Snopok, P. Nunes, M. Soares Sobel, H. Soderberg, M. Solano Salinas, C. J. and Soldner-Rembold, S. Solomey, N. Solovov, V Sondheim, W. E. and Sorel, M. Soto-Oton, J. Sousa, A. Soustruznik, K. and Spagliardi, F. Spanu, M. Spitz, J. Spooner, N. J. and Spurgeon, K. Staley, R. Stancari, M. Stanco, L. Steiner, H. Stewart, J. Stillwell, B. Stock, J. Stocker, F. and Stokes, T. Strait, M. Strauss, T. Striganov, S. Stuart, A. Summers, D. Surdo, A. Susic, V Suter, L. Sutera, C. Svoboda, R. Szczerbinska, B. Szelc, A. Talaga, R. and Tanaka, H. Oregui, B. Tapia Tapper, A. Tariq, S. Tatar, E. Tayloe, R. Teklu, A. Tenti, M. Terao, K. Ternes, C. A. Terranova, F. Testera, G. Thea, A. Thompson, J. L. and Thorn, C. Timm, S. Tonazzo, A. Torti, M. Tortola, M. and Tortorici, F. Totani, D. Toups, M. Touramanis, C. and Trevor, J. Trzaska, W. H. Tsai, Y. T. Tsamalaidze, Z. and Tsang, K. Tsverava, N. Tufanli, S. Tull, C. Tyley, E. and Tzanov, M. Uchida, M. A. Urheim, J. Usher, T. and Vagins, M. Vahle, P. Valdiviesso, G. Valencia, E. and Vallari, Z. Valle, J. W. Vallecorsa, S. Van Berg, R. Van de Water, R. G. Forero, D. Vanegas Varanini, F. Vargas, D. and Varner, G. Vasel, J. Vasseur, G. Vaziri, K. Ventura, S. Verdugo, A. Vergani, S. Vermeulen, M. A. Verzocchi, M. de Souza, H. Vieira Vignoli, C. Vilela, C. Viren, B. and Vrba, T. Wachala, T. Waldron, V, A. Wallbank, M. and Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. Warburton, K. and Warner, D. Wascko, M. Waters, D. Watson, A. Weatherly, P. Weber, A. Weber, M. Wei, H. Weinstein, A. Wenman, D. Wetstein, M. While, M. R. White, A. Whitehead, L. H. and Whittington, D. Wilking, M. J. Wilkinson, C. Williams, Z. Wilson, F. Wilson, R. J. Wolcott, J. Wongjirad, T. and Wood, K. Wood, L. Worcester, E. Worcester, M. Wret, C. Wu, W. Wu, W. Xiao, Y. Yang, G. Yang, T. and Yershov, N. Yonehara, K. Young, T. Yu, B. Yu, J. and Zalesak, J. Zambelli, L. Zamorano, B. Zani, A. Zazueta, L. Zeller, G. Zennamo, J. Zeug, K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M. Zhivun, E. Zhu, G. Zimmerman, E. D. Zito, M. and Zucchelli, S. Zuklin, J. Zutshi, V Zwaska, R. DUNE Collaboration
Published: 2020

30. Identification of Quality Failures in Building Energy Renovation Projects in Northern China

Author: Yuting Qi, Queena K. Qian, Frits Meijer, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: 020209 energy, media_common.quotation_subject, building energy renovation projects, Geography, Planning and Development, Control (management), lcsh:TJ807-830, 0211 other engineering and technologies, lcsh:Renewable energy sources, 02 engineering and technology, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Northern China, 021105 building & construction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Quality (business), China, lcsh:Environmental sciences, media_common, lcsh:GE1-350, Government, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants, Questionnaire, Identification (information), Quality failures, lcsh:TD194-195, Work (electrical), Risk analysis (engineering), Default, Business
Abstract: Building energy renovations contribute significantly to energy sustainability and environmental protection. These advantages have increased the importance of renovating existing residential buildings in many countries. In China, the government has supported the energy-saving renovation of existing urban residential buildings since 2007. However, quality failures, which do not meet the technical requirements, occur during construction processes in building energy renovation projects. Although quality failures are regarded as a crucial problem in building energy renovation projects, the identification of quality failures and their sources, likelihood, impacts, and causes remain mostly unknown. This paper investigates the nature of quality failures in building energy renovation projects. A total of 25 quality failures were first identified through five cases, and interviews with six experienced construction professionals in China. A questionnaire survey was further conducted to evaluate the frequency of quality failures. The results show the nature of quality failures that arise during construction and their sources, occurrence frequency, causes, and impacts. The research reveals that quality failures are caused by defaults by workers, inadequate checking procedures, incomplete construction site surveys, inaccurate design work, fraud of construction companies, and inefficient cooperation between different departments. Above all, the behaviors of the main actors are responsible for poor construction quality. Additionally, emphasis on quality control during the renovation preparation stage is critical to ensure that quality failures are reduced in numbers and severity.
Published: 2019

31. Unravelling Dutch homeowners’ behaviour towards energy efficiency renovations

Author: Shima Ebrahimigharehbaghi, Henk Visscher, Frits Meijer, and Queena K. Qian
Subjects: Policy instruments, Drivers, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Behavioural factors, Stock (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Homeowner, Energy efficiency renovation, Transaction costs (TCs), Subsidy, Energy consumption, Environmental economics, Multiple-criteria decision analysis, Access to information, General Energy, Housing, Survey data collection, Business, Barriers, Efficient energy use, Decision-making
Abstract: The housing stock has a considerable share of 40% in energy consumption and 36% of CO 2 emissions in the EU. In accordance to energy efficiency and emissions targets set by EU, The Netherlands has aimed to renovate 300,000 homes each year, leading to 50% reduction in CO 2 emissions, by 2050. Many factors including low renovation rates create uncertainties in achieving these targets. The current study aims for understanding the barriers and drivers towards energy efficiency renovations (EERs) amongst Dutch homeowners, and to aid in gaining a better insight into the role of public authorities in promoting EERs. First, the extrinsic drivers, including policies and other initiatives in the EER process are explained. Second, the intrinsic drivers and intrinsic/extrinsic barriers are explored. Regression analyses are performed on the national Dutch survey data for renovators and potential renovators. Our main findings include: (a) desire to enhance the quality of their life, rather than the financial benefits, etc. is identified as the main driver; (b) the main barriers are the costs of EERs, complexities in the process, information barriers, and finding reliable experts and information; (c) For improvement in meeting renovation targets, the current Dutch policies need to consider all the decision criteria by homeowners, such as: Reducing the complexities; Time needed to obtain loans and subsidies; and Facilitating access to information.
Published: 2019
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32. Exploring transaction costs in the prefabricated housing supply chain in China

Author: Queena K. Qian, Hongjuan Wu, Henk Visscher, and Ad Straub
Subjects: Prefabricated housing, 020209 energy, Strategy and Management, Supply chain, media_common.quotation_subject, Construction supply chain, 02 engineering and technology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Social network analysis, Empirical research, Promotion (rank), Stakeholders, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0505 law, General Environmental Science, media_common, Transaction cost, Government, Transaction costs, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Corporate governance, 05 social sciences, Stakeholder, Environmental economics, Sustainability, 050501 criminology, Business
Abstract: The growing environmental problems, the rapid urbanization, and the disappearance of the demographic dividend in China has brought unprecedented opportunities to the development of prefabricated housing (PH). However, many barriers are hindering the promotion of PH, for instance, cost, lack of regulations, and the shortage of knowledge, among which cost is identified as one of the most critical barriers. Unlike previous studies focused only on production costs, this research aims to investigate transaction costs (TCs), e.g., searching costs, negotiation costs, and enforcement costs. First, this paper develops a theoretical TCs framework of the PH supply chain, based on an extensive literature review. Secondly, an empirical study was conducted on two cases in Chongqing to validate the TCs framework. Key stakeholders are identified by Social Network Analysis (SNA). Subsequently, 25 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders, both to verify the new TCs framework and to explore stakeholder concerns about TCs. The centrality metrics by SNA identified six key stakeholders who have a significant influence on TCs. It is found from the interviews that both the conceptual phase and the construction phase are stages where the majority of TCs occur. Both the developer and the general contractor are paying for more TCs compared to the other stakeholders. This study contributes to theory by initially introducing the concepts of TCs to the PH field, and the findings bring implications on the governance of PH supply chain to both private stakeholders and the government.
Published: 2019

33. Homeowners' Decisions Towards Energy Renovations - Critical Stages and Sources of Information

Author: Queena K. Qian, Frits Meijer, Shima Ebrahimigharehbaghi, and Henk Visscher
Subjects: Transaction cost, lcsh:GE1-350, business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Energy consumption, 010501 environmental sciences, Environmental economics, 01 natural sciences, European commission, The Internet, 021108 energy, Business, Stock (geology), lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The European Commission aims to decrease GHG emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 (EU, 2017). The housing stock has a considerable share that equals to 40% of energy consumption and 36% of emissions in the EU. The current research aims to evaluate the homeowners’ energy renovation decisions on the exterior, interior, and insulation/installation of their house. The householders’ renovation decisions are analyzed with regards to (1) which stages to help/support and (2) what information is essential in the renovation process. Considering the extent of difficulty for private homeowners’ in accessing information and complexity in conducting the renovation, transaction cost (TC) theory is applied in understanding the decisions. The data has been collected through a survey among 3,776 of the Dutch homeowners in 2012. Then, statistical and logistic regression analysis has been conducted to analyze the renovation decisions for two groups of homeowners: renovators and potential renovators. According to the results and the outcomes of this study: (1) For the renovators: (a) the main identified stages in getting help are in carrying out the renovation, determining the costs, and looking for the reliable professional/ contractor, (b) the main identified sources of information are at the maintenance/ installation companies, family/ friends, and via internet; (2) For the potential renovators: (a) the main identified help stages are in determining the costs, looking for a reliable professional and carrying out the renovation/ improvement, (b) the main identified sources of information are via the internet, by a maintenance/ installation companies, and family/ friends. The main difference among the renovators is for insulation/ installation. The most significant stage in getting help for insulation/installation is to find out the most efficient solutions. Similar results have been found for the potential renovators; the only difference was in the order of the influencing factors.
Published: 2019

34. The role of stakeholders and their participation network in decision-making of urban renewal in China: The case of Chongqing

Author: Taozhi Zhuang, Marja Elsinga, Queena K. Qian, Henk Visscher, and Wendong Wu
Subjects: China, Sociology and Political Science, Process (engineering), 05 social sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 0507 social and economic geography, Stakeholder, Urban renewal, Questionnaire, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, Development, Making-of, Urban Studies, Social network analysis, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Urbanization, Stakeholder analysis, Business, 050703 geography, Environmental planning, Decision making
Abstract: Since the late 1970s, China's fast growth of economy and urbanization have driven large-scale urban renewal projects. To deal with complex urban problems, urban renewal requires integrated, coordinated and multifaceted strategies involving a wide range of stakeholders. A deeper understanding of the stakeholders in the decision-making process is an essential step towards sustainable urban renewal. This paper aims to understand the stakeholders and their participation in the decision-making of urban renewal in China, using the case of Chongqing. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and a questionnaire survey. Stakeholder Analysis and Social Network Analysis were complemented as the research methodology. First, the stakeholders involved in urban renewal decision-making were clarified. Second, the characteristics, including knowledge, power, and interest of each stakeholder, were analyzed. Third, the relationships between stakeholders were probed, and the structure of their network was examined. Finally, policy implications were drawn to the issues of stakeholder participation in urban renewal decision-making in China.
Published: 2019

35. Does aging-friendly enhance sustainability? Evidence from Hong Kong

Author: Queena K. Qian, Winky K.O. Ho, J. Jorge Ochoa, Edwin H.W. Chan, Qian, Queena K, Ho, Winky KO, Ochoa, J Jorge, and Chan, Edwin HW
Subjects: Population ageing, Public economics, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, principal component analysis, 020209 energy, Field (Bourdieu), Social sustainability, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Development, 01 natural sciences, social sustainability, Economic sustainability, Market mechanism, aging-friendly, Urban planning, Sustainability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Hong Kong, Business, environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, aging‐friendly, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The aging population is one of the demographic changes in the 21st century. World Health Organization defines an age-friendly city as a place that has an “inclusive and accessible urban environment that promotes active aging.” It receives considerable attention in the field of gerontology and contains important aspects of sustainable urban development. Unfortunately, there have not much research that addresses the relationship between aging-friendly and sustainability. There is a need to modify the market mechanism to achieve environmental objectives while striking a balance between social and economic considerations. This paper aims to empirically examine the integrated relationships between the dense urban environment and the social and emotional needs of the elderly in the Hong Kong context. The on-street survey was conducted in eight districts in Hong Kong to collect the opinions about aging-friendly criteria and sustainability indicators. It utilizes principal component analysis and multiple regression technique to unveil the mask of their intrinsic relationship. The empirical results suggest how the aging-friendly factors have impacted the economic, environmental, and social sustainability to a certain extent. Notably, two key findings were revealed from the empirical results. (a) “Outdoor Spaces” is consistently found not to be a planning factor that can enhance three types of sustainability, irrespective of the age groups in Hong Kong; (b) “Community Support and Health Services” is regarded as a significant factor, with the exception of economic sustainability (age group ≤60). Refereed/Peer-reviewed
Published: 2019

36. Transaction costs (TCs) in green building (GB) incentive schemes: Gross Floor Area (GFA) Concession Scheme in Hong Kong

Author: Queena K. Qian, Edwin H.W. Chan, and Ke Fan
Subjects: Transaction cost, Scheme (programming language), Process (engineering), Transaction costs (TCs), 0211 other engineering and technologies, 021107 urban & regional planning, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental economics, Private sector, 01 natural sciences, Green Building (GB) Incentive Scheme, General Energy, Incentive, Gross Floor Area (GFA) Concession Scheme, Hong Kong, Green building, Business, Gross floor area, computer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, computer.programming_language
Abstract: It is claimed that transaction costs (TCs) affect the effectiveness of any green building (GB) policy. However, few studies have empirically applied TC analysis to GB incentives, which normally should have analyzed the TCs borne by different stakeholders. These include TC typology and determinants during the implementation process, especially the extra administration process where TCs possibly may be incurred. The lack of such in-depth analysis tends to make incentive-design ignore efficiency and fairness amongst the stakeholders. This study aims to improve the efficiency of GB incentives through analyzing TCs borne by the private sector stakeholders. It would identify TC typologies and determinants, and TCs measurement and allocation to different stakeholders. As TCs are policy context-specific, this paper takes a popular GB incentive scheme, Gross Floor Area (GFA) Concession Scheme, as an example. Interviews were conducted with 20 industry experts to validate TCs types and determinants, and to gauge the magnitude of TCs borne by different stakeholders. These empirical evidences are helpful for policy-makers and practitioners to better understand the impacts of TCs, so as to improve the effectiveness of future incentive schemes. In addition, GB policy recommendations for Hong Kong are proposed and many of which are relevant to other countries.
Published: 2018

37. Applicability of ‘Aging in Place’ in redeveloped public rental housing estates in Hong Kong

Author: Queena K. Qian, Wadu Mesthrige Jayantha, and Chan On Yi
Subjects: Government, Economic growth, Population ageing, Sociology and Political Science, Aging in place, Public rental housing, Public housing, Societal impact of nanotechnology, Questionnaire, Development, Unit (housing), Universal design, Urban Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Long-term care, 0302 clinical medicine, 030502 gerontology, ‘Aging in place’, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Redevelopment, 030212 general & internal medicine, Business, 0305 other medical science
Abstract: Rapidly aging society is a global phenomenon with serious societal impact. With the rapid growth in the aging population in Hong Kong, it is foreseeable that every flat unit will accommodate one senior citizen. To address this looming problem, the Hong Kong Government has introduced several aged friendly home design elements and care facilities to redeveloped public rental housing estates. This study aimed to investigate the implementation of the “aging in place” philosophy, through evaluating the applicability and effectiveness of those facilities. A redevelopment project, the Un Chau Estate in Hong Kong was selected as a case study. Ecological theory is applied to evaluate the case study at micro, meso and macro scales. The methodological approaches include (a) a questionnaire survey, (b) face-to-face group discussions and (c) in-depth interviews. Results reveal that senior satisfaction levels with the new elements investigated were below the levels of perceived importance. In particular, the seniors emphasized the lack of a sense of home and privacy in their residences. They were, however, moderately satisfied with the independence and dignity and comfort and health elements. The results also reveal that the provision of common facilities is not up to standard in meeting the needs of the elderly. The majority of the elderly consistently opined that aging in place is their priority. To some extent, the extreme case of Hong Kong as a showcase of a dense populated aged Asian city, sheds light on how public housing (re)development can be designed to facilitate aging in place. A more comprehensive and refined approach at micro, meso, and macro scales is necessary to guarantee the satisfactory implementation of aging in place.
Published: 2018

38. Learning from best practices in sustainable urbanization

Author: Queena K. Qian, Eduardo López Moreno, Yongtao Tan, J. Jorge Ochoa, Liyin Shen, Ochoa, J Jorge, Yongtao, Tan, Qian, Queena K, Shen, Liyin, and Moreno, Eduardo Lopez
Subjects: Knowledge sharing, Community participation, Best practice, best practice, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, urban planning, experience, sustainable urbanization, Urban planning, Environmental planning, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Job creation, Association rule learning, Experience, Sustainable urbanization, Capacity building, 021107 urban & regional planning, Urban Studies, Action (philosophy), Business, knowledge sharing, association rule learning
Abstract: Attempts for implementing sustainable urbanization have been reported and documented around the world.These efforts have led to a vast number of exemplary sustainable urbanization practices, classified as best practices. Best practices contain valuable information in the form of experiences, and learning from them represents an opportunity to replicate successful practices in other cities. This study collected and analyzed 185best practices in sustainable urbanization from around the world. The main areas of action, the key methods adopted and the outcomes achieved by these practices were identified. Key elements in successful sustainable urbanization strategies were found by conducting a series of association analyses between the areas of action,methods and outcomes. Findings highlight the importance of community participation, capacity building,education, partnerships and job creation in achieving urban sustainability. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
Published: 2018

39. Perceptual individuation training (but not mere exposure) reduces implicit racial bias in preschool children

Author: Paul C. Quinn, Genyue Fu, Gail D. Heyman, Miao K. Qian, Olivier Pascalis, Kang Lee, Hangzhou Normal University, University of Delaware [Newark], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and University of Toronto
Subjects: Male, Face perception, media_common.quotation_subject, education, Child Behavior, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 050109 social psychology, PsycINFO, 050105 experimental psychology, Article, Developmental psychology, Individuation, Racism, Perception, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, Learning, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Life-span and Life-course Studies, Child, Demography, media_common, Social perception, 05 social sciences, Social Perception, Child, Preschool, Racial bias, Causal link, Female, Implicit attitude, Psychology, Facial Recognition
Abstract: International audience; Two studies with preschool-age children examined the effectiveness of perceptual individuation training at reducing racial bias (Study 1, N = 32; Study 2, N = 56). We found that training preschool-age children to individuate other-race faces resulted in a reduction in implicit racial bias while mere exposure to other-race faces produced no such effect. We also showed that neither individuation training nor mere exposure reduced explicit racial bias. Theoretically, our findings provide strong evidence for a causal link between individual-level face processing and implicit racial bias, and are consistent with the newly proposed perceptual-social linkage hypothesis. Practically, our findings suggest that offering children experiences that allow them to increase their expertise in processing individual other-race faces will help reduce their implicit racial bias. (PsycINFO Database Record
Published: 2017
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40. A Long-Term Effect of Perceptual Individuation Training on Reducing Implicit Racial Bias in Preschool Children

Author: Paul C. Quinn, Kang Lee, Gail D. Heyman, Genyue Fu, Miao K. Qian, Olivier Pascalis, Hangzhou Normal University, University of Toronto, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware [Newark], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Zhejiang Normal University, Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Department of Psychology
Subjects: Male, China, media_common.quotation_subject, Personal Satisfaction, Training (civil), Racism, 050105 experimental psychology, White People, Article, Education, Developmental psychology, Individuation, Discrimination, Psychological, Asian People, Intervention (counseling), Phenomenon, Perception, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 10. No inequality, media_common, 05 social sciences, Contrast (statistics), Black or African American, Social Perception, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Racial bias, Female, Psychology, Facial Recognition, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; This study tracked the long-term effect of perceptual individuation training on reducing 5-year-old Chinese children's (N = 95, M age = 5.64 years) implicit pro-Asian/anti-Black racial bias. Initial training to individuate other-race Black faces, followed by supplementary training occurring 1 week later, resulted in a long-term reduction of pro-Asian/anti-Black bias (70 days). In contrast, training Chinese children to recognize White or Asian faces had no effect on pro-Asian/anti-Black bias. Theoretically, the finding that individuation training can have a long-term effect on reducing implicit racial bias in preschoolers suggests that a developmentally early causal linkage between perceptual and social processing of faces is not a transitory phenomenon. Practically , the data point to an effective intervention method for reducing implicit racism in young children.
Published: 2017
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41. An Alternative Model to Determine the Financing Structure of PPP-Based Young Graduate Apartments in China: A Case Study of Hangzhou

Author: Albert P.C. Chan, Yelin Xu, Queena K. Qian, and Yi Peng
Subjects: China, media_common.quotation_subject, Geography, Planning and Development, Social sustainability, TJ807-830, financing structure, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, Renewable energy sources, social sustainability, jel:Q, Economics, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), public-private partnership (PPP), young graduate apartments, GE1-350, media_common, Finance, Structure (mathematical logic), Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, jel:Q0, Rental housing, jel:Q2, Investment (macroeconomics), jel:Q3, jel:Q5, Environmental sciences, Negotiation, jel:O13, Local government, jel:Q56, business
Abstract: Public-private partnerships (PPP) can be employed to provide public rental housing for young graduates, which has been urgent to achieve social sustainability in China. However, few studies have been conducted to investigate the financing structure of PPPs, particularly the ratio of private investment, which is important in initiating a PPP project. This study develops a robust model to determine the financing structure through considering the uncertainties in operation. A case study in Hangzhou demonstrates the process of the model. The relevant findings provide private investors and the local government with effective references for negotiating the financing structure of a PPP project.
Published: 2015

42. Challenges in Delivering Green Building Projects: Unearthing the Transaction Costs (TCs)

Author: Edwin H.W. Chan, Abd Ghani Bin Khalid, and Queena K. Qian
Subjects: green building (GB), transaction costs (TCs), uncertainty, real estate development process (REDP), government policy, Legal liability, Geography, Planning and Development, lcsh:TJ807-830, lcsh:Renewable energy sources, Public policy, Cost accounting, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, jel:Q, Economics, Operations management, Marketing, lcsh:Environmental sciences, Transaction cost, lcsh:GE1-350, Real estate development, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants, jel:Q0, jel:Q2, jel:Q3, jel:Q5, Product (business), Project planning, lcsh:TD194-195, OA-Fund TU Delft, jel:O13, Sustainability, jel:Q56, business
Abstract: Delivering green building (GB) projects involve some activities that are atypical in comparison with conventional buildings. Such new activities are characterized by uncertainty, and they incur hidden costs that have not been expected nor are they readily appreciated among the stakeholders. This paper develops a typology and chronology to examine the new activities that are associated with transaction costs (TCs) in the real estate development process (REDP) of green building. Through in-depth interviews with representatives from the major developers in Hong Kong who have experiences in GB practice, this study aims to unearth TCs involved at the critical stages of the REDP. Apart from reconfirming the early project planning stage as the most critical in the consideration of TCs, the study results also identified “extra legal liability risk of the GB product” as the major concern for any GB developer in Hong Kong. The key additional activities that bring significant TCs in developing GB are identified and compared to their traditional counterparts. In turn, project managers not only have to pursue overall cost management whilst winning more business, but they also have to pay particular attention to sustainability in order to minimize hidden societal costs. The study also provides a reference for governments and professionals that will aid in forming policy as well as advance the practice of the GB market by optimizing the societal costs.
Published: 2015

43. Passively mode-locked laser based on an ultra-large dispersion Yb-doped fiber

Author: Sébastien Février, Ammar Hideur, H. Wang, K. Qian, Caroline Lecaplain, Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie ( CORIA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie ( INSA Rouen Normandie ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne ( LICB ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Photonique Fibre et Sources Cohérentes ( XLIM-PHOT ), XLIM ( XLIM ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Complexe de recherche interprofessionnel en aérothermochimie (CORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne (LICB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Photonique Fibre et Sources Cohérentes (XLIM-PHOT), XLIM (XLIM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Jamier, Raphael
Subjects: [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Materials science, Active laser medium, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optical pumping, Optics, Fiber Bragg grating, law, Fiber laser, 0103 physical sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], Laser diode, business.industry, Saturable absorption, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Mode-locking, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Summary form only given. We report on the first realization of a passively mode-locked oscillator featuring an ultra-large dispersion Yb-doped Bragg fiber. The gain medium is a double-clad Bragg fiber featuring a 20 μm Yb-doped core surrounded by a 120 μm inner cladding [1]. The 2 m long gain fiber is cladding-pumped with a fiber-coupled laser diode emitting at 976 nm. Passive mode locking is achieved by the combined actions of nonlinear polarization evolution and a SESAM. Mode-locking is initiated by optimizing the saturation criteria on the saturable absorber mirror using an adequate focusing lens. The emission wavelength of the oscillator is controlled using a passive spectral filter introduced inside the cavity. Two distinct regimes of operation are observed depending on the emission wavelength. For short wavelengths, the laser generates highly-chirped pulses with 3 ps duration and 4 nm spectral widths around 1035 nm. These pulses could be dechirped down to 500 fs duration [1]. When laser emission is tuned to longer wavelengths, long pulses with a narrow spectrum are obtained. Figure 1 summarizes the results obtained when laser emission is centered at 1040 nm. The laser generates long picoseconds pulses with a narrow spectrum of less than 70 pm which corresponds to the resolution of the optical spectrum analyzer (Fig. 1(a)). The FWHM of the recorded autocorrelation trace is 70 ps, corresponding to a pulse width of ~45 ps (assuming a Gaussian pulse shape). The beam profile measured at the laser output (Inset in Fig. 1(a)) corresponds to a supermode structure resulting from the coupling between the fundamental core mode and the LP04 mode of the first ring, as confirmed by calculation (inset in Fig. 1(b)). Dispersion measurements conducted on a passive Bragg fiber exhibiting the same index profile as the gain fiber used in the oscillator, show that the dispersion associated with the supermode structure is as high as -1500 ps/(nm.km) [2]. This corresponds to ~50 times the dispersion of silicate at ~1.04 μm (~ - 30 ps/nm/km).
Published: 2013

44. Perceptual Individuation Training (but Not Mere Exposure) Reduces Implicit Racial Bias in Preschool Children.

Author: Miao K. Qian, Heyman, Gail D., Genyue Fu, Quinn, Paul C., Pascalis, Olivier, and Kang Lee
Subjects: *PREVENTION of racism, *INDIVIDUATION (Philosophy), *PERCEPTION in children, *THOUGHT & thinking, *CULTURAL prejudices, *CHILDREN
Abstract: Two studies with preschool-age children examined the effectiveness of perceptual individuation training at reducing racial bias (Study 1, N = 32; Study 2,N = 56). We found that training preschool-age children to individuate other-race faces resulted in a reduction in implicit racial bias while mere exposure to other-race faces produced no such effect. We also showed that neither individuation training nor mere exposure reduced explicit racial bias. Theoretically, our findings provide strong evidence for a causal link between individual-level face processing and implicit racial bias, and are consistent with the newly proposed perceptual-social linkage hypothesis. Practically, our findings suggest that offering children experiences that allow them to increase their expertise in processing individual other-race faces will help reduce their implicit racial bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2017
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45. Capacity of ATM Switches

Author: K. Qian, I. Iscoe, and D. McDonald
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Laplace transform, Hitting time, Markov process, Interval (mathematics), ATM network overload, Topology, Upper and lower bounds, Dirichlet distribution, symbols.namesake, Capacities, 60K25, 60J45, symbols, Rare events, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, 60K30, Throughput (business), Mathematics
Abstract: When traffic sources are statistically multiplexed over a common link, the sum of the peak rates of the sources exceeds the throughput of the link. The excess may be stored in a buffer, but when this overflows, information is lost. When a source is bursty, the peak rate is attained only for very short periods of time, whereas between bursts the source is idle. Because the sources are independent, the chance that many bursts arrive simultaneously is small, but these rare events do occur and the mean time until overload is a key design parameter. Here we model the multiplexor as a multidimensional Markov process with a set of forbidden states that represent the exceedance of the link capacity. We use the theory of induced Dirichlet forms to estimate the Laplace transform of the hitting time of this forbidden set. We obtain an upper bound on the probability that the link capacity is exceeded during a fixed time interval along with a lower bound for the mean time until the link capacity is exceeded. This provides the network designer with a degree of assurance about the probability and frequency of overloads.
Published: 1993

46. Effect of a pulsed Nd:YAG laser on surface acoustic wave velocity of human dental enamel.

Author: S. J. Tu, L. Zhan, K. Qian, and S. Y. Luo
Published: 2013
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47. Government measures needed to promote building energy efficiency (BEE) in China.

Author: Queena K. Qian and Edwin H.W. Chan
Subjects: ENERGY consumption of buildings, LEGISLATIVE bills, SUSTAINABLE buildings, CONSTRUCTION industry & the environment, ENERGY conservation
Abstract: The article presents the findings of a research conducted on examining major differences between the government’s role in building energy efficiency (BEE) in China and three developed countries including U.S., Canada, and Great Britain. It examines government measures required to promote building energy efficiency (BEE) in China. It reveals that economic incentives are important for BEE promotion at the current stage, but they are lacking in China. It concludes that active government interventions including adjusting energy pricing and implementing BEE legislation, are required in China if BEE is to become economically growing and efficient.
Published: 2010
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48. Syntheses of Alkylated Aromatic Model Compounds To Facilitate Mass Spectral Characterization of Heavy Oils, Resids, and Bitumens.

Author: Francisco, M. A., Garcia, R., Chawla, B., C. Yung, K. Qian, Edwards, K. E., and Green, L. A.
Published: 2011
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49. Epitaxial growth and air-stability of monolayer Cu2Te.

Author: K Qian, L Gao, H Li, S Zhang, J H Yan, C Liu, J O Wang, T Qian, H Ding, Y Y Zhang, X Lin, S X Du, and H-J Gao
Subjects: *MONOMOLECULAR films, *EPITAXY, *MOLECULAR beam epitaxy, *SCANNING tunneling microscopy, *DENSITY functional theory, *ELECTRONIC band structure, *X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Abstract: A new two-dimensional atomic crystal, monolayer cuprous telluride (Cu2Te) has been fabricated on a graphene-SiC(0001) substrate by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) characterization shows that the monolayer Cu2Te forms a superstructure with respect to the graphene substrate. The atomic structure of the monolayer Cu2Te is investigated through a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The stoichiometry of the Cu2Te sample is verified by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement. The angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data present the electronic band structure of the sample, which is in good agreement with the calculated results. Furthermore, air-exposure experiments reveal the chemical stability of the monolayer Cu2Te. The fabrication of this new 2D material with a particular structure may bring new physical properties for future applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2020
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50. Influence of geotextile type on strength and failure behavior of geotextiles reinforced desert sand based on Mohr-Coulomb criterion.

Author: G Y Feng, X Y Wang, D T Zhang, X L Xiao, and K Qian
Published: 2019
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