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Intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) derive significant advantages from advanced models like YOLOv8, which excel in predicting traffic incidents in dynamic urban environments. Roboflow plays a crucial role in organizing and preparing image data essential for computer vision models. Initially, a dataset of 1000 images is utilized for training, with an additional 500 images reserved for validation purposes. Subsequently, the Deep Simple Online and Real-time Tracking (Deep-SORT) algorithm enhances scene analyses over time, offering continuous monitoring of vehicle behavior. Following this, the YOLOv8 model is deployed to detect specific traffic incidents effectively. By combining YOLOv8 with Deep SORT, urban traffic patterns are accurately detected and analyzed with high precision. The findings demonstrate that YOLOv8 achieves an accuracy of 98.4%, significantly surpassing alternative methodologies. Moreover, the proposed approach exhibits outstanding performance in the recall (97.2%), precision (98.5%), and F1 score (95.7%), underscoring its superior capability in accurate prediction and analyses of traffic incidents with high precision and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has a lower adoption rate than expected because of different weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy, and stormy) and high material manufacturing costs. To overcome the barriers to adoption, many researchers are developing methods to increase its performance. A photovoltaic–thermal absorber hybrid system may shift its performance, but to become more efficient, the technology could improve with some strong thermal absorber materials. A phase change material (PCM) could be a suitable possibility to enhance the (electrical and thermal) PV performance. In this study, a solar PVT hybrid system is developed with a PCM and analyzed for comparative performance based on Malaysian weather conditions. The result shows PV performance (both electrical and thermal) was increased by utilizing PCMs. Electrical and thermal efficiency measurements for different collector configurations are compared, and PV performance and temperature readings are presented and discussed. The maximum electrical and thermal efficiency found for PVT and PVT-PCM are 14.57% and 15.32%, and 75.29% and 86.19%, respectively. However, the present work may provide extensive experimental methods for developing a PVT-PCM hybrid system to enhance electrical and thermal performance and use in different applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is distinct from conventional power generation systems. It is vital to comprehend the effect of an expanded control system on solar PV generation. This article discusses the advancement made to the module, which is critical to PV and electric power systems, to achieve a high PV penetration in the smart grid system. The first zone initiates the solar power energizing transformation, which transfers a controlled energy load to a grid system. The descriptive subsections consider the accessibility of electronic inverters, solar PV energies, and grid concepts, as well as their realizability. As a result, a case study was considered, where various scientists around the world participated, discussion ensued, and future suggestions were made. Finally, practical conclusions were drawn from the investigations. This paper infers that the improvement of appropriate methods is fundamental to the viability and effectiveness of overseeing a high infiltration of PV inside low-voltage (LV) conveyance systems. This review provides an overview of the current state, effects, and unique difficulties associated with PV penetration in LV appropriation systems. Nonetheless, grid innovation is not well developed, and it requires continuous research from various rational aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geothermal is a renewable energy source, but this is not as often seen as other renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydro, etc. Several applications could be implemented through geothermal energy, and heating & cooling systems are one of them. Because of the limits of technology, it is hard to improve cooling systems as an application. To address long-term sustainable space heating and cooling, it is imperative to develop geothermal technology. It is known as the oldest, most flexible, most adaptable, and most prevalent approach toward using renewable energy. Therefore, this review has reviewed the global development and challenges of geothermal energy for cooling systems. There are large reserves of geothermal energy available around the world, and numerous scholars have emphasized its importance, but due to a lack of knowledge, no operational work has been done in using these systems for cooling up to this point. This review paper examines globally available geothermal energy sources and technologies for environmentally friendly and sustainable cooling supplies. Finally, the benefits and challenges of geothermal systems for cooling are outlined to promote local, regional, and global investment in utilizing these resources for cooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]