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283 results on '"EMBRAPA Cerrados"'

1. Acute Effects of the Consumption of Passiflora setacea Juice on Metabolic Risk Factors and Gene Expression Profile in Humans

Author: Tatiana Karla dos Santos Borges, Dragan Milenkovic, Artur J.M. Rosa, Ana Maria Costa, Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira, Christine Morand, Isabella de Araújo Esteves Duarte, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)CAPES 001, and University of California
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, medicine.medical_treatment, Gene Expression, phenolic compounds, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Receptors, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, Passiflora, Interleukin-17, Diabetes, Interleukin, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, Cholesterol, Homeostatic model assessment, medicine.symptom, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, insulin, HDL, lcsh:TX341-641, Inflammation, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Insulin resistance, Food Sciences, nutrigenomics, Clinical Research, Internal medicine, Passiflora setacea, medicine, Cell Adhesion, Genetics, Humans, Receptors, Cytokine, Cytokine, Metabolic and endocrine, Nutrition, bioactive compounds, business.industry, Insulin, Prevention, Cholesterol, HDL, Overweight, medicine.disease, cytokines, cardiovascular diseases, immune system, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Dietary Supplements, gene expression, Insulin Resistance, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Food Science, Lipoprotein
Abstract: Background: Passiflora setacea (PS) is a passionfruit variety of the Brazilian savannah and is a rich source of plant food bioactives with potential anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an acute intake of PS juice upon inflammation, metabolic parameters, and gene expression on circulating immune cells in humans. Methods: Overweight male volunteers (n = 12) were enrolled in two double-blind placebo-controlled studies. Blood samples were collected from fasting volunteers 3 h after the consumption of 250 mL of PS juice or placebo (PB). Metabolic parameters (insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and total triglycerides) and circulating cytokines were evaluated (study 1). Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from the same subjects were isolated and RNA was extracted for transcriptomic analyses using microarrays (study 2). Results: Insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels decreased statistically after the PS juice intake, whereas HDL level increased significantly. Interleukin (IL)-17A level increased after placebo consumption, whereas its level remained unchanged after PS juice consumption. Nutrigenomic analyses revealed 1327 differentially expressed genes after PS consumption, with modulated genes involved in processes such as inflammation, cell adhesion, or cytokine&ndash, cytokine receptor. Conclusion: Taken together, these clinical results support the hypothesis that PS consumption may help the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
Published: 2020
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2. The 4 per 1000 goal and soil carbon storage under agroforestry and conservation agriculture systems in sub-Saharan Africa

Author: Emmanuel Torquebiau, Hervé Guibert, Rémi Cardinael, Krishna Naudin, Marc Corbeels, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, and Cardinael, Rémi
Subjects: P33 - Chimie et physique du sol, Crop residue, Conservation agriculture, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Soil Science, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Minimum tillage, [SDV.SA.SDS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, 2. Zero hunger, biology, business.industry, Agroforestry, Intercropping, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, Soil type, biology.organism_classification, Climate change mitigation, F61 - Physiologie végétale - Nutrition, 13. Climate action, Agriculture, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: The 4‰ initiative launched by the French government at COP21 in Paris in December 2015 aspires to increase global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks at a rate of 0.4% per year. We conducted a systematic literature review on SOC storage under agroforestry and conservation agriculture systems in sub-Saharan Africa, where we reported 66 and 33 cases for both systems respectively. The results showed that SOC storage rates were significantly higher than 4‰ yr−1 in fallows and in multistrata agroforestry systems (P = 0.0001 and 0.0178, respectively), but not in alley cropping and parklands systems. For conservation agriculture, SOC storage rates were only significantly higher than 4‰ yr−1 (P = 0.0438) when all three principles were applied, i.e. no- or minimum tillage combined with crop residue retention and intercropping or rotation. The data showed very large variability in SOC storage rates as the result of various factors, including previous land-use history, experimental set up and approach used to determine SOC storage (diachronic versus synchronic approach), soil type, depth of soil sampling, type of crops and management, and duration of the experiment. SOC storage rates significantly decreased with time in the agroforestry systems (P = 0.0328). However, we were unable to find significant relationships with initial SOC stocks or tree density. Given the limited published data and the high variability in results, no significant relationships between SOC storage rates and site variables were found for conservation agriculture. We argue that there is a potential for SOC storage in agricultural soils of sub-Saharan Africa, as illustrated by SOC gaps observed on smallholder farms. Low SOC levels are, however, to a great extent the result of limited resources of most smallholder farmers. Practices such as agroforestry and conservation agriculture can restore SOC in these soils, but the 4‰ initiative has to be implemented on the grounds of the positive impact on crop productivity rather than on climate change mitigation. The efficiency in doing so will depend on the specific situations and will need economic support to smallholder farmers, including the promotion of good markets for sale of extra produce and for input supply, effective private support and policy, such as credit schemes and subsidies for inputs, and efficient extension services which incentivize farmers to invest in new technologies.
Published: 2019

3. Indicators of Soil Physical Quality: From Simplicity to Complexity

Author: Neyde Fabíola Balarezo Giarola, Ary Bruand, Vilson Antonio Klein, Glenio Guimarães Santos, Alvaro Pires da Silva, Robélio Leandro Marchão, Rachel Muylaert Locks Guimarães, Euzebio Medrado da Silva, Cássio Antonio Tormena, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá [Maringá] (UEM), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Goiás [Goiânia] (UFG), Departamento de Ciência do Solo e Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa - State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná [Curitiba] (UTFPR), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira, Marcos Bacis Ceddia, Marta Vasconcelos Ottoni, and Guilheme Kangussu Donnagema
Subjects: Least limiting water range, media_common.quotation_subject, Soil physics, Crop growth, Visual evaluation, Soil science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Agricultural engineering, 010501 environmental sciences, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, 01 natural sciences, Soil compaction (agriculture), S index, Relative compaction, Soil structure, Soil functions, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Quality (business), Simplicity, Soil compaction, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract: International audience; In working with soil physics, getting new answers to the same questions is a challenge. As soil physicists, we are always hoping to find new ways of understanding such a complex soil science area. In this chapter, we will discuss some of the ways to assess soil physical quality for crop growth, using ascending complexity classification, from the simplest to the more complex soil physical indicators for crop growth.
Published: 2014
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4. Burkholderia diazotrophica sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Mimosa spp

Author: J. Peter W. Young, Wen-Ming Chen, Geoffrey N. Elliott, Lionel Moulin, Rémy Melkonian, Cyril Bontemps, Eduardo Gross, Janet I. Sprent, Shih-Yi Sheu, Jui-Hsing Chou, Euan K. James, Fábio Bueno dos Reis Junior, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Dynamique des Génomes et Adaptation Microbienne (DynAMic), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), The James Hutton Institute, Universidade Estadual De Santa Cruz [Brazil] (UESC), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Laboratoire des symbioses tropicales et méditerranéennes (UMR LSTM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Dundee, University of York [York, UK], Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and National Science Council, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China [NSC 96-2313-B-022-001-MY3]
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Mimosa, food.ingredient, Root nodule, Burkholderia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, Biology, Microbiology, Database, 03 medical and health sciences, Deoxyribonucleic-acid, food, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Symbiotic nitrogen-fixation, Phospholipids, Phylogeny, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Base Composition, 0303 health sciences, Diversity, Strain (chemistry), Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, Maximum-likelihood, Fatty Acids, Quinones, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Sequence Analysis, DNA, General Medicine, Paraburkholderia, biology.organism_classification, 16S ribosomal RNA, Legumes, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Burkholderia hospita, Genes, Bacterial, Ralstonia-taiwanensis, beta-rhizobia, Root Nodules, Plant, Brazil, Burkholderia phymatum, Phymatum
Abstract: Five strains, JPY461T, JPY359, JPY389, DPU-3 and STM4206 were isolated from nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of Mimosa spp. and their taxonomic positions were investigated using a polyphasic approach. All five strains grew at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30–37 °C), at pH 4.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.0–7.0) and with 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl [optimum, 0 % (w/v)]. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, a representative strain (JPY461T) showed 97.2 % sequence similarity to the closest related species Burkholderia acidipaludis SA33T, a similarity of 97.2 % to Burkholderia terrae KMY02T, 97.1 % to Burkholderia phymatum STM815T and 97.1 % to Burkholderia hospita LMG 20598T. The predominant fatty acids of the five novel strains were summed feature 2 (comprising C16 : 1 iso I and/or C14 : 0 3-OH), summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 0 , C16 : 0 3-OH, C17 : 0 cyclo, C18 : 1 ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the DNA G+C content of the strains was 63.0–65.0 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid, an unidentified aminolipid and several unidentified phospholipids. The DNA–DNA relatedness of the novel strain with respect to recognized species of the genus Burkholderia was less than 54 %. On the basis of 16S rRNA and recA gene sequence similarities, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, the five strains represent a novel species in the genus Burkholderia , for which the name Burkholderia diazotrophica sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain, JPY461T ( = LMG 26031T = BCRC 80259T = KCTC 23308T).
Published: 2013
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5. Analysis of physical quality of soil using the water retention curve: Validity of the S-index Analyse de la qualité physique du sol à partir de la courbe de rétention de l'eau : validité de l'indice S

Author: Guimarães Santos, Glenio, Medrado Da Silva, Euzebio, Leandro Marchão, Robélio, Marques Da Silveira, Pedro, Bruand, Ary, James, Francois, Becquer, Thierry, Universidade Federal do Piauí, EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathématiques - Analyse, Probabilités, Modélisation - Orléans (MAPMO), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Embrapa Cerrados-IRD, No. 0203205 (Mapping of the Biome Cerrado Landscape and Functioning of Representative Soils)., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Densité apparente, Modèle de van Genuchten, Indice S, Compaction du sol, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: C. R. Geosci. ISI Document Delivery No.: 761BF Times Cited: 2 Cited Reference Count: 30 Santos, Glenio Guimaraes da Silva, Euzebio Medrado Marchao, Robelio Leandro da Silveira, Pedro Marques Bruand, Ary James, Francois Becquer, Thierry CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brazil); Embrapa Cerrados-IRD [0203205] This research is part of the project Embrapa Cerrados-IRD, No. 0203205 (Mapping of the Biome Cerrado Landscape and Functioning of Representative Soils). This work was supported by a grant awarded to G.G. Santos by the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brazil) Elsevier france-editions scientifiques medicales elsevier Paris; International audience; Among the various soil indicators established in order to discuss physical properties of soils is the S-index, derived from the slope of the soil water retention curve at its inflection point, used by a number of authors. In this publication we discuss the value of the slope at the inflection point of the soil water retention curve according to the independent variable used to plot it. We show that a representation of the water content according to the arithmetic rather than logarithmic expression of the suction for the S-index yields a different result for the soil selected. More generally, our results show that examining the physical properties of soil using a water retention curve plotted with an arithmetic expression of suction offers greater potential than when plotted with its natural or decimal logarithm as is often found in the literature. Parmi les différents indicateurs qui ont été proposés pour rendre compte des propriétés physiques du sol, l'indice S, qui correspond à la pente de la courbe de rétention en eau du sol à son point d'inflexion, a été largement utilisé. Dans cet article, nous discutons de la valeur de la pente au point d'inflexion de la courbe de rétention en eau du sol, en fonction de la variable indépendante qui est utilisée pour le déterminer. Nous montrons que la représentation de la teneur en eau en fonction de l'expression arithmétique de la succion au lieu de son expression logarithme, comme pour l'indice S, conduit à un résultat différent pour le sol sélectionné. Plus généralement, nos résultats montrent qu'une discussion des propriétés physiques du sol, en utilisant une représentation de la courbe de rétention d'eau en fonction de l'expression arithmétique de la succion, offre plus de possibilités que l'expression logarithmique naturelle ou décimale qui a été largement utilisée jusqu'alors.
Published: 2011
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6. Soil macroinvertebrate communities: A world‐wide assessment

Author: Patrick Lavelle, Jérôme Mathieu, Alister Spain, George Brown, Carlos Fragoso, Emmanuel Lapied, Adriana De Aquino, Isabelle Barois, Edmundo Barrios, Maria Eleusa Barros, Jose Camilo Bedano, Eric Blanchart, Mark Caulfield, Yamileth Chagueza, Jun Dai, Thibaud Decaëns, Anahi Dominguez, Yamileth Dominguez, Alexander Feijoo, Patricia Folgarait, Steven J. Fonte, Norma Gorosito, Esperanza Huerta, Juan Jose Jimenez, Courtland Kelly, Gladys Loranger, Robelio Marchão, Raphael Marichal, Catarina Praxedes, Leonardo Rodriguez, Guillaume Rousseau, Laurent Rousseau, Nuria Ruiz, Catalina Sanabria, Juan Carlos Suarez, Jerôme Ebagnerin Tondoh, Anne De Valença, Steven J. Vanek, Joel Vasquez, Elena Velasquez, Emily Webster, Chi Zhang, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), perso, Adresse personnelle, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Instituto de Ecologia (INECOL), Taxonomia International Foundation, FAO Plant Production and Protection Division (FAO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), National University of Río Cuarto = Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), South China Agricultural University (SCAU), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universidad del Atlántico (UA), Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira [Colombie] (UTP), Universidad Nacional de Quilmes (UNQ), EI Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Mexico] (CONACYT), Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE), Université des Antilles (Pôle Guadeloupe), Université des Antilles (UA), Agrosystèmes Biodiversifiés (UMR ABSys), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Universidad de la Amazonia [Caquetá], Universidade Estadual do Maranhão = State University of Maranhão (UEMA), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Universidad del Valle [Cali] (Univalle), Université Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana [Loreto, Perou] (UNAP), University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC), Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Geology Department, FCEFQyN, ICBIA-CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council), National University of Río Cuarto, Farming Systems Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologìa = Pyrenean Institute of Ecology [Zaragoza] (IPE - CSIC), Department of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration, Faculté des sciences exactes et naturelles (UFR SEN), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados, Embrapa Cerrados Planaltina, Coordenação de Zoologia, and We are grateful to Drs John Donaldson and Stella Zerbino for providing data from Australia and Uruguay, respectively, for the Macrofauna database.
Subjects: Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, Macrofauna database, P34 - Biologie du sol, Farm Systems Ecology Group, Bodemfysica en Landbeheer, soil ecology, Soil Physics and Land Management, communities, land cover, soil macroinvertebrates, L20 - Écologie animale, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, network analysis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; Aim: Macroinvertebrates comprise a highly diverse set of taxa with great potential as indicators of soil quality. Communities were sampled at 3,694 sites distributed world-wide. We aimed to analyse the patterns of abundance, composition and network characteristics and their relationships to latitude, mean annual temperature and rainfall, land cover, soil texture and agricultural practices. Location: Sites are distributed in 41 countries, ranging from 55 degrees S to 57 degrees N latitude, from 0 to 4,000 m in elevation, with annual rainfall ranging from 500 to >3,000 mm and mean temperatures of 5-32 degrees C. Time period: 1980-2018. Major taxa studied: All soil macroinvertebrates: Haplotaxida; Coleoptera; Formicidae; Arachnida; Chilopoda; Diplopoda; Diptera; Isoptera; Isopoda; Homoptera; Hemiptera; Gastropoda; Blattaria; Orthoptera; Lepidoptera; Dermaptera; and "others". Methods: Standard ISO 23611-5 sampling protocol was applied at all sites. Data treatment used a set of multivariate analyses, principal components analysis (PCA) on macrofauna data transformed by Hellinger's method, multiple correspondence analysis for environmental data (latitude, elevation, temperature and average annual rainfall, type of vegetation cover) transformed into discrete classes, coinertia analysis to compare these two data sets, and bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap tests to evaluate the part of the variance of the macrofauna data attributable to each of the environmental factors. Network analysis was performed. Each pairwise association of taxonomic units was tested against a null model considering local and regional scales, in order to avoid spurious correlations. Results: Communities were separated into five clusters reflecting their densities and taxonomic richness. They were significantly influenced by climatic conditions, soil texture and vegetation cover. Abundance and diversity, highest in tropical forests (1,895 +/- 234 individuals/m(2)) and savannahs (1,796 +/- 72 individuals/m(2)), progressively decreased in tropical cropping systems (tree-associated crops, 1,358 +/- 120 individuals/m(2); pastures, 1,178 +/- 154 individuals/m(2); and annual crops, 867 +/- 62 individuals/m(2)), temperate grasslands (529 +/- 60 individuals/m(2)), forests (232 +/- 20 individuals/m(2)) and annual crops (231 +/- 24 individuals/m(2)) and temperate dry forests and shrubs (195 +/- 11 individuals/m(2)). Agricultural management decreased overall abundance by
Published: 2022
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7. Development and origin of the microgranular structure in Latosols of the Brazilian Central Plateau: significance of texture, mineralogy, and biological activity

Author: Adriana Reatto, Osmar Abilio de Carvalho, Guy Richard, Ary Bruand, Michel Brossard, Fabrice Muller, Euzebio Medrado da Silva, Éder de Souza Martins, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, Agrosystèmes et impacts environnementaux carbone-azote (Agro-Impact), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Embrapa Cerrados - IRD, n°0203205, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Unité d'Agronomie Laon-Reims-Mons (LAON)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, GIBBSITE, Mineralogy, FAUNE DU SOL, Latosol, ANALYSE MINERALOGIQUE, 01 natural sciences, Texture (geology), STRUCTURE DU SOL, Termite, Soil structure, Micromorphology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Microstructure, ANALYSE PHYSICOCHIMIQUE, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Horizon (geology), geography, Plateau, geography.geographical_feature_category, TERMITE, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, KAOLINITE, 15. Life on land, Oxisol, ARGILE, South american, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, MICROSTRUCTURE, Bioturbation, Porosity, Geology, Brazil
Abstract: International audience; Brazilian Latosols are characterized by low activity clay, little horizon differentiation, a weak macrostructure and a strong microgranular structure. The development of the latter that was reported as being possibly related to the fine material mineralogy, location in the landscape, parental material and biological activity is still under discussion. The aim of this study is to discuss the origin of the microgranular structure of Latosols located in the Brazilian Central Plateau. Ten Latosols (L) developed in different parent materials were selected along an approximately 350-km long regional toposequence across the South American Surface (SAS) (L1 to L4) and Velhas Surface (VS) (L5 to L10). The structure of the Latosols was studied in the field and samples of the diagnostic Bw horizons were collected for laboratory analyses. Basic soil characterization was performed on the
Published: 2009
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8. Understanding the genesis of ultramafic soils and catena dynamics in Niquelandia, Brazil

Author: Jérémie Garnier, Thierry Becquer, Éder de Souza Martins, Vijayendra K. Garg, Cécile Quantin, Edi Mendes Guimarães, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Campus Univ. Darcy Ribeiro (IG GMP ICC Ctr), University Darcy Ribeiro, UMR BioSol 137, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Embrapa Cerrados, and EMBRAPA Cerrados
Subjects: Chromium, Geochemistry, Soil Science, Mineralogy, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Weathering, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Garnierite, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ni-bearing smectites, Ultramafic rock, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pedogenesis, Chromite, Ultramafic soil, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Silicate, chemistry, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Soil horizon, Clay minerals, Geology
Abstract: This study focuses on the fate of chromium during ultramafic weathering under tropical conditions. Three soils were studied along a characteristic catena on the ultramafic outcrop of Niquelândia, Brazil. In these soils, the Cr-bearing minerals are inherited chromites (15.4–26.8 wt.% Cr) and magnetites (0.4–4.8 wt.% Cr) and secondary minerals such as iron oxides (0–2 wt.% Cr) or Ni-smectites (0–6.8 wt.% Cr). Indeed, during weathering, Cr liberated from primary minerals can first be incorporated into Ni-smectites (garnierite) or Fe oxides. As the weathering continues, smectites become unstable and Cr liberated into the soil solution, and incorporates in Fe oxides. In this oxidized environment, Fe and Mn are oxidized and oxides can incorporate elements like Cr, Ni and Al. Two types of chromites were distinguished, i.e. a vein type (VC) and a rock type (RC) according to their composition. Chromites could be used as tracer of pedogenesis processes due to the distinct composition of VC and RC types. They allow us to show that the upper part of some soil profile results exclusively from colluvial processes, and the lower part of the profile results from the ultramafic bedrock weathering. The chromite tracer allows us to propose a model of the catena evolution.
Published: 2009

9. Expression in Escherichia coli, purification, refolding and antifungal activity of an osmotin from Solanum nigrum

Author: CAMPOS, M. de A., SILVA, M. S., MAGALHÃES, C. P., RIBEIRO, S. G., SARTO, R. P. D., VIEIRA, E. A., GROSSI de SÁ, M. F., Magnólia de Araujo Campos estagiária Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Marília Santos Silva, Embrapa Cerrados, Cláudio Picanço Magalhães bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Simone da Graça Ribeiro, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Rafael Perseghini Del Sarto estagiário Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Eduardo Alano Vieira, Embrapa Cerrados, and Maria Fátima Grossi de Sá, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia.
Subjects: Escherichia Coli, Atividade antifúngica, Solanum nigrum
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2020-01-14T18:08:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SP19684ID31030.pdf: 2857869 bytes, checksum: 2fcb482559bb5ead05db3f020d34f5cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Published: 2008

10. Validity of the centrifuge method for determining the water retention properties of tropical soils

Author: Ary Bruand, Éder de Souza Martins, Adriana Reatto, Jorge Enoch Furquim Werneck Lima, Euzebio Medrado da Silva, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, and Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)
Subjects: Centrifuge, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pressure plate, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Soil Science, Soil science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, Water retention, Set (abstract data type), Data point, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, medicine, Tropical soils, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Geotechnical engineering, medicine.symptom, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; This study aims at comparing the centrifuge and pressure plate methods when appropriate duration of run is adopted. Samples collected in tropical soils located in Brazil along a 10-km local hydrosequence across the Cerrado-Amazonia transition (set 1) and along a 350-km regional toposequence across the Cerrado region (set 2) were selected to compare and discuss statistically the similarity of the soil-water retention recorded by using the pressure plate and centrifuge methods. The results showed good agreement (R2 = 0.99) for the 1:1 comparison of measured point-wise soil-water content values (set 1) as well as for the fitted soil-water content curves by van Genuchten model using data points obtained with the two methods (set 2). Thus, the centrifuge method should be considered as an appropriate method for determining soil-water retention properties not only for the similar results with the pressure plate method but also for being much less time consuming.
Published: 2008
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11. Variation of the kaolinite and gibbsite content at regional and local scale in Latosols of the Brazilian Central Plateau Variabilité à l'échelle régionale et locale de la teneur en kaolinite et gibbsite des latosols du plateau central brésilien

Author: Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Bruand, Ary, De Souza Martins, Éder, Muller, Fabrice, Medrado Da Silva, Euzebio, Abilio De Carvalho Jr, Osmar, Brossard, Michel, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, and Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) for its financial support of A. Reatto's work in France. This research is part of the project Embrapa Cerrados-IRD, No.0203205 (Mapping of the Biome Cerrado Landscape and Functioning of Representative Soils).
Subjects: Ferralsol, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Oxisol, Mineralogy, Iron oxyhydroxide, Biome Cerrado, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Soil color
Abstract: International audience; The mineralogy of the Latosols of the Brazilian Central Plateau remains under discussion in the absence of a clear relationship with their age according to their geomorphic location. The aim of this study was thus to clarify the origin of the kaolinite and gibbsite content variation by studying a regional toposequence and using data from the literature. Chemical composition and soil color were used to discuss mineralogy. The mineralogy of the clay fraction was also investigated using X-ray diagrams. Our results showed that the large variation of kaolinite and gibbsite content can be explained by taking into account both their local and regional location, the variation of the hematite and goethite content remaining limited. The model that is proposed to explain such variation combines a regional component, which is mainly associated to the age of the geomorphic surface and a local component which is mainly associated to the hydraulic conditions along the toposequence. La minéralogie des latosols du Plateau Central brésilien est discutée en l'absence de relation clairement établie avec leur âge qui est en fonction de leur position géomorphologique. L'objectif de cette étude est par conséquent de clarifier l'origine de la variation de teneur en kaolinite et gibbsite en étudiant une toposéquence régionale et les données de la littérature. La minéralogie a été discutée à partir de la composition chimique et de la couleur du sol. Elle a aussi été discutée à l'aide des données de la diffraction des rayons X. Les résultats montrent que la variation élevée de la proportion de kaolinite et de gibbsite des latosols peut être expliquée en prenant en compte à la fois leur localisation régionale et locale. Le modèle proposé combine en effet une composante régionale qui est principalement liée à l'âge de la surface géomorphologique et une composante locale qui est principalement liée aux conditions hydriques le long de la toposéquence.
Published: 2008
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12. Kaolinite cristalinity index of Latosols as environment indicator of the Brazilian Central Plateau geomorphologic surfaces

Author: Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Bruand, Ary, De Souza Martins, Éder, Muller, Fabrice, Penhoud, Philippe, Medrado Da Silva, Euzebio, Brossard, Michel, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, EUROCLAY, and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: CROISSANCE CRISTALLINE, KAOLINITE, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, MINERAL, COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE
Abstract: International audience; The Brazilian Central Plateau is constituted of the South American Surface and Velhas Surface geomorphologic surfaces and represents 24% of the Brazilian territory. Latosols cover about 40% of these Surfaces. Kaolinite, gibbsite, goethite and hematite were recognized in different proportions in the clay fraction of Latosols by many authors. The objective of this work was to analyse the kaolinite cristalinity and to discuss its variability according to the Latosol location on the geomorphic Surfaces of the Brazilian Central Plateau.
Published: 2007

13. Activation Energy of Kaolinite Dehydroxylation of Brazilian Central Plateau Latosols

Author: De Souza Martins, Éder, Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Bruand, Ary, Medrado Da Silva, Euzebio, Abilio De Carvalho Jr, Osmar, EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), EUROCLAY, and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: International audience; The Brazilian Central Plateau Latosols occurs on Tertiary South American and Velhas planning surfaces. The purpose of this work was to determine activation energy of kaolinite dehydroxylation and its genesis relationships of the Brazilian Central Plateau Latosols.
Published: 2007

14. Mineralogy of Latosols along a regional toposequence across the Central Plateau (Brazil) : first results

Author: Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Bruand, Ary, De Souza Martins, Éder, Muller, Fabrice, Silva, Euzébio M., Guimarães, Edi M., Brossard, Michel, Vlahovic, I. (ed.), Tibljas, D. (ed.), Durn, G. (ed.), Bisevac, V. (ed.), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Department of Agronomy, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), and Embrapa
Subjects: HORIZON, GIBBSITE, KAOLINITE, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, SOL DEGRADE, ANALYSE MINERALOGIQUE, MICROSCOPIE ELECTRONIQUE A TRANSMISSION
Abstract: The Brazilian Central Plateau is constituted of the two main geomorphic surfaces: the South American surface and the Velhas surface. These surfaces were developed during the Cretaceous Superior and Tertiary and are covered by deeply weathered Latosols. The South American surface is the oldest and occupies the highest position in the landscape (950 to 1,200 m altitude) with smoothly convex plane portions. The Velhas surface is composed by irregular and slightly sloping planes and occupies in the landscape (750 to 950 m altitude). It is connected to the South American surface by areas of steep hillsides.
Published: 2006

15. Modeling of Latosol development on geomorphic surfaces of the Brazilian Central Plateau: First results

Author: Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Bruand, Ary, De Souza Martins, Éder, Silva, Euzébio M., Abilio De Carvalho Jr, Osmar, Brossard, Michel, Muller, Fabrice, Cornu, Sophie, Richard, Guy, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Departamento de Geografia, Universidade de Brasilia [Brasília] (UnB), EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, Unité de Science du Sol, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: Latosols are deeply weathered soils characteristic of the moist tropics. Many Latosols have kaolinitic horizons overlying more gibbsitic ones (Lucas, 1989), for which there has been no satisfactory pedological explanation and why they have often been considered as a sedimentary succession. Several hypotheses to explain this phenomenon were expressed: biogeochemical recycling of Si by the forest (Lucas et al., 1993) or the activity of termites (Volland-Tuduri, 2005). The objective of this study is to model the development of Latosols of the Brazilian Central Plateau considering the respective effect of parent material, time or biological activity. This plateau is constituted of the two main geomorphic surfaces: the South American surface (Suface I) and the Velhas surface (Surface II). In the Central Plateau, the Latosols can be identified as Red Latosols (~28%), Yellow Red Latosols (~10%) and Yellow Latosols (~2%), (Reatto, 1998).
Published: 2006

16. Particle size distribution and mineralogy of Brazilian Ferralsols: Significance for the structure and hydraulic properties

Author: Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Silva, E.M., Bruand, Ary, Martins, E.S., Cousin, Isabelle, Brossard, Michel, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Actualisation et valorisation des données pédologiques tropicales et méditerranéennes. Contributions à la recherche, à l'expertise et à l'aide à la gestion des ressources (VALPEDO)
Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: The Cerrados Biome is one of the major regions of Brazil with 24% of the Brazilian territory (204.106 ha). It is mainly located in the center of Brazil and corresponds to the whole Central Plateau. About 49% of the soils are Ferralsols and approximately 79.106 ha of these soils are dedicated to agriculture. The main characteristics of Ferralsols are a poor horizonation, a weak development of the macrostructure, and a strong submillimetric granular microstructure.
Published: 2006

17. Modelling Bulk Density According to Structure Development: Toward an Indicator of Microstructure Development in Ferralsols

Author: Bruand, Ary, Balbino, Luíz Carlos, Volland-Tuduri, Nathalie, Cousin, Isabelle, Reatto-Braga, Adriana, Inês Lopes De Oliveira, Maria, De Souza Martins, Éder, Brossard, Michel, Disnar, Jean-Robert, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Science du Sol, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, and Actualisation et valorisation des données pédologiques tropicales et méditerranéennes. Contributions à la recherche, à l'expertise et à l'aide à la gestion des ressources (VALPEDO)
Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: Ferralsols have a ferralic horizon at some depth between 30 and 200 cm that results from long and intense weathering. Their clay fraction is usually mainly low-activity clay consisting of kaolinite with hematite, goethite and gibbsite in different proportions. Ferralsols show little or no horizonation, and their macrostructure is absent to moderate. On the other hand, they have typically a strong microstructure consisting of microaggregates < 1 mm in size. Because of the lack or small development of macrostructure, porosity of Ferralsols is closely related to the development of microstructure and the assemblage of elementary particles within the microaggregates with a small contribution of large pores resulting from root development and macrofaunal activity. Their physical properties are then closely related to the development of this microstructure. However, there is still no model in the literature that predicts changes of microstructure of these soils using easily accessible soil properties when land-use is modified. The objective of this work was to relate microstructure development to the bulk density (Db) in Ferralsols and then to make possible the use of Db as an indicator of microstructure development.
Published: 2006

18. Mass Proportion of Microaggregates and Bulk Density in a Brazilian Clayey Oxisol

Author: Maria Inês Lopes de Oliveira, Ary Bruand, Michel Brossard, Nathalie Volland-Tuduri, Éder de Souza Martins, Luiz Carlos Balbino, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Actualisation et valorisation des données pédologiques tropicales et méditerranéennes. Contributions à la recherche, à l'expertise et à l'aide à la gestion des ressources (VALPEDO), EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), and EMBRAPA Cerrados
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Chemistry, Soil Science, Mineralogy, Soil science, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, Silt, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, Bulk density, Soil structure, Oxisol, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Porosity, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The physical properties of Brazilian Oxisols are closely related to the development of their microstructure, which typically consists of stable microaggregates >1 mm. There is no model available to predict changes in microstructure in Oxisols. The objective of this work was to relate the proportion of microaggregates to the bulk density (D b ) in the soil studied. Five sites of a typic Haplustox under native vegetation (two sites) and pasture (three sites) were sampled. Soil bulk density, sand, silt, and clay content and aggregate-size distribution were measured from the surface to 1.6 m deep in increments of 0.1 m. Thin sections were prepared from undisturbed samples collected in duplicate from 0- to 0.1-, 0.3- to 0.4-, 0.8- to 0.9-, and 1.5- to 1.6-m depths, and backscattered electron scanning images (BESI) were generated. Clay content ranged from 672 to 798 g kg - 1 and bulk density between 0.87 and 1.18 g cm among the 80 samples studied. Bulk density was poorly correlated with clay content (R 2 = 0.358) and at any depth was not significantly smaller under native vegetation than under pasture. Visual assessment of BESI revealed that soil material corresponded to either microaggregates (
Published: 2005
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19. Modelling of bulk density as related to aggregate size distribution in clayey Ferralsols

Author: Volland-Tuduri, N., Bruand, A., Brossard, Michel, Balbino, L.C., Lopes De Oliveira, M.I., De Souza Martins, E., Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Actualisation et valorisation des données pédologiques tropicales et méditerranéennes. Contributions à la recherche, à l'expertise et à l'aide à la gestion des ressources (VALPEDO), EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, EMBRAPA Cerrados (EMBRAPA CERRADOS), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Wöhrle, N. (ed.), and Scheurer, M. (ed.)
Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: Among microaggregated soils, there are Ferralsols that show little or no distinct horizonation. Their macrostructure is weak to moderate and they have typically a strong microstructure. In most Brazilian clayey Ferralsols, physical properties are closely related to the development of microstructure that consists of subrounded microaggregates 50 to 500 µm in diameter.
Published: 2004

20. Effects of companion crops and tillage on soil phosphorus in a Brazilian oxisol: a chemical and 31P NMR spectroscopy study

Author: Diogo Néia Eberhardt, Thierry Becquer, Christine Le Guernevé, Herve Quiquampoix, Robélio Leandro Marchão, Volaniaina H. Ramaroson, Marie Sauvadet, Takashi Muraoka, University of São Paulo (USP), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Antananarivo, Fonctionnement écologique et gestion durable des agrosystèmes bananiers et ananas (UR GECO), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), USP/Cofecub program (129/11), University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, Comite Francais d'Evaluation de la Cooperation Universitaire et Scientifique avec le Bresil, France, CAPES, and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)
Subjects: Brachiaria ruziziensis, amélioration des cultures, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, Travail du sol, Stratigraphy, Organic phosphorus, Spectroscopie, Plante de culture associée, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, F01 - Culture des plantes, F07 - Façons culturales, Augmentation de rendement, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Cover crops, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Tillage, Rendement des cultures, Agroécosystème, Oxisol, agriculture de conservation, Culture associée, Ferralsol, Conservation agriculture, P-31 NMR, chemistry.chemical_element, Zea mays, phosphorus content [EN], Organic matter, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Phosphorus cycling, Phosphorus, Soil organic matter, fungi, Mineralization (soil science), 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Manure, F61 - Physiologie végétale - Nutrition, Agronomy, chemistry, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Cajanus cajan
Abstract: International audience; Purpose Phosphorus (P) is often the main limiting factor for plant growth in highly weathered tropical soils. Phosphate use efficiency and crop yields could be increased in low-input agroecosystems through cropping systems that favor organic matter accumulation or regular additions of composts and manure. Our objective was to determine the amounts and forms of P according to companion crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis-a grass species-or Cajanus cajan-a leguminous species) and tillage systems (conventional or no-tillage). Materials and methods Soil P pools were determined (P-resin, P-Olsen, PNaOH-EDTA, and P-total) and P species were characterized by P-31 NMR spectroscopy. Results and discussion The concentrations of available and labile inorganic P (P-resin, Pi(Olsen), and Pi(NaOH-EDTA)) were greater in soil samples where companion crops (Brachiaria ruziziensis or Cajanus cajan) and maize were planted on the same row, with a more significant effect with the legume species. According to the P-31 NMR, it is mostly the proportion and amount of P-Orthophosphate that was increased, with a slight increase of the content of P-Monoester. Overall, there was a decrease of the proportion of organic P (Po-NMR/P-NMR) from 32 to 16% when the legume companion crop was associated with maize. Conclusions The tillage systems did not lead to any change in the amounts and forms of P. Companion crops are thought to increase available P through mineralization of Po from plant residues and soil organic matter, leading to an increase of fluxes between active P pools.
Published: 2021
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21. A statistical analysis of three ensembles of crop model responses to temperature and CO2 concentration

Author: Joost Wolf, Xinyou Yin, Pierre Martre, Zhengtao Zhang, H. K. Soo, Manuel Marcaida, Nadine Brisson, Patrick Bertuzzi, Soo-Hyung Kim, Yan Zhu, Roberto C. Izaurralde, L. A. Hunt, Maria I. Travasso, Christian Baron, James W. Jones, R.E.E. Jongschaap, T. Palosuo, Daniel Wallach, Jerry L. Hatfield, Christian Biernath, G. De Sanctis, Senthold Asseng, H. Yoshida, Donald S. Gaydon, Edmar Teixeira, Davide Cammarano, Alex C. Ruane, C. Nendel, T. Hasegawa, Thilo Streck, Garry O'Leary, Upendra Singh, Frank Ewert, Delphine Deryng, R. Goldberg, Bas A. M. Bouman, Peter J. Thorburn, Tao Li, Roberto Confalonieri, Myriam Adam, Jes Olesen, Reimund P. Rötter, Tamon Fumoto, Patricio Grassini, Joachim Ingwersen, Robert F. Grant, Katharina Waha, James Williams, Fulu Tao, Eckart Priesack, Pramod K. Aggarwal, Liang Tang, Sebastian Gayler, Jordi Doltra, L. Heng, Christoph Müller, J.G. Conijn, Iwan Supit, S. Naresh Kumar, Iurii Shcherbak, Jeffrey W. White, Hendrik Boogaard, Kenneth J. Boote, David Makowski, Federico Sau, Jean-Louis Durand, Mikhail A. Semenov, Claudio O. Stöckle, Marc Corbeels, Steven Hoek, Simone Bregaglio, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Philippe Oriol, Anthony Challinor, R. A. Kemanian, Carlos Angulo, Pasquale Steduto, Bruno Basso, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Dennis Timlin, J. Hooker, Samuel Buis, Maria Virginia Pravia, Françoise Ruget, Dominique Ripoche, Simona Bassu, Pierre Stratonovitch, Jon I. Lizaso, Balwinder Singh, Tom M. Osborne, Paul W. Wilkens, Agronomie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering [Gainesville] (UF|ABE), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation [Bonn] (INRES), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), International Rice Research Institute [Philippines] (IRRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Int Rice Res Inst, Los Banos, Philippines, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Water Management Institute, Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, CGIAR, Institute of Crops Science and Resource Conservation INRES, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Department of Geological Sciences and W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University [East Lansing], Michigan State University System-Michigan State University System, Department of Geological Sciences [East Lansing], Agroclim (AGROCLIM), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Soil Ecololgy, Helmholtz-Zentrum München (HZM), Center for Geo-information, Alterra, Department of Agronomy, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Cassandra Lab, University of Milan, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), The James Hutton Institute, CGIAR ESSP Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, International Center for Tropical Agriculture, School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds, Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Embrapa Cerrados, Agroécologie et Intensification Durables des cultures annuelles (UPR AIDA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Science, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Cantabrian Agricultural Research and Training Centre, Tsukuba, National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), Agriculture Flagship, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), WESS Water and Earth System Science Competence Cluster, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Departement of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska [Lincoln], University of Nebraska System-University of Nebraska System, National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment, International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Centre for Geo-Information, Agriculture Department, University of Reading (UOR), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Institute of Landscape System Analysis, Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung = Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), College of the Environment, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Department Produccion Vegetal, Fitotecnia, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), Institute of Landscape Systems Analysis, Department of Economic Development Jobs, Transport and Resources, Grains Innovation Park, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Walker Institute, NCAS Climate, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Department of Plant Science, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Soil Ecology, Department Biologia Vegetal, Computational and Systems Biology Department, Rothamsted Research, Department of Geological Sciences and W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre [Inde] (CIMMYT), International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), College of the Environment, School of Environmental and Forest Science, University of Washington [Seattle], FAO Sub-regional Office for Eastern Africa [Addis Ababa, Ethiopie] (FAO), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University (WSU), Plant Production Systems and Earth System Science, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sustainable Production, Plant & Food Research, ARS Crop Systems and Global Change Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, CIRN, Institute for Climate and Water, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Agriculture, Agrosystèmes Cultivés et Herbagers (ARCHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Texas AgriLife Research and Extension, Texas A&M University System, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University (BNU), Metaprogramme ACCAF, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Nanjing Agricultural University (NAU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agricultural and Biological Engineering Department, University of Florida [Gainesville], Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation INRES, International Rice Research Institute, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), UE Agroclim (UE AGROCLIM), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Agroécologie et Intensification Durables des cultures annuelles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 115 AIDA), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Beijing Normal University, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms), Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères ( P3F ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales ( GDEC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale ( UMR TETIS ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ) -AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ), Department of Geological Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA, UE Agroclim ( UE AGROCLIM ), Helmholtz-Zentrum München ( HZM ), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes ( EMMAH ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Invergowrie, School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] ( SEE ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), Agro-ecologyand Sustainable Intensification of Annual Crops, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ), University of East Anglia [Norwich] ( UEA ), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] ( JRC ), National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ( GISS ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] ( IAEA ), University of Reading ( UOR ), UMR 1248 Agrosystèmes et Développement Territorial (AGIR), Agro-ecology and Sustainable Intensification of Annual Crops, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ( UPM ), Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research ( PIK ), Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture ( CESCRA ), Indian Agricultural Research Institute ( IARI ), PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), W.K. Kellogg Biological Station, Department of Geological Sciences, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre ( CIMMYT ), International Fertilizer Development Center ( IFDC ), Food and Agricultural Organization ( FAO ), Washington State University ( WSU ), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Agrosystèmes Cultivés et Herbagers ( ARCHE ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, and Texas A and M University ( TAMU )
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, 01 natural sciences, Statistics, Aardobservatie en omgevingsinformatica, Climate change, Crop model, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Triticum, Mathematics, 2. Zero hunger, Global and Planetary Change, Mathematical model, Air, Forestry, Regression analysis, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, PE&RC, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Rendement des cultures, Plant Production Systems, Statistical model, Modèle mathématique, Atmosphère, Earth Observation and Environmental Informatics, Yield, Crop Physiology, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Earth System Science, Emulator, Agro Water- en Biobased Economy, Alterra - Centrum Bodem, Precipitation, Croissance, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Meta-model, Changement climatique, Hydrology, Modélisation des cultures, Crop yield, Simulation modeling, Soil Science Centre, 15. Life on land, Température, Laboratorium voor Phytopathologie, Climate Resilience, 13. Climate action, Klimaatbestendigheid, Yield (chemistry), Plantaardige Productiesystemen, Laboratory of Phytopathology, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Leerstoelgroep Aardsysteemkunde, Plante de culture, Agronomy and Crop Science, Dioxyde de carbone
Abstract: Ensembles of process-based crop models are increasingly used to simulate crop growth for scenarios of temperature and/or precipitation changes corresponding to different projections of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This approach generates large datasets with thousands of simulated crop yield data. Such datasets potentially provide new information but it is difficult to summarize them in a useful way due to their structural complexities. An associated issue is that it is not straightforward to compare crops and to interpolate the results to alternative climate scenarios not initially included in the simulation protocols. Here we demonstrate that statistical models based on random-coefficient regressions are able to emulate ensembles of process-based crop models. An important advantage of the proposed statistical models is that they can interpolate between temperature levels and between CO2 concentration levels, and can thus be used to calculate temperature and [CO2] thresholds leading to yield loss or yield gain, without rerunning the original complex crop models. Our approach is illustrated with three yield datasets simulated by 19 maize models, 26 wheat models, and 13 rice models. Several statistical models are fitted to these datasets, and are then used to analyze the variability of the yield response to [CO2] and temperature. Based on our results, we show that, for wheat, a [CO2] increase is likely to outweigh the negative effect of a temperature increase of +2 degrees C in the considered sites. Compared to wheat, required levels of [CO2] increase are much higher for maize, and intermediate for rice. For all crops, uncertainties in simulating climate change impacts increase more with temperature than with elevated [CO2]. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015
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22. Conversion of forest to agriculture in Amazonia with the chop-and-mulch method: Does it improve the soil carbon stock?

Author: Mathieu Godet, Austrelino Silveira Filho, Max Sarrazin, Jean-Claude Horth, Anne-Sophie Perrin, Bernard Garric, Caroline Petitjean, Kenji Fujisaki, Pedro Luiz Oliveira de Almeida Machado, Michel Brossard, Luiz Carlos Balbino, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR LAMA (Laboratoire des moyens analytiques de Cayenne), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), EMBRAPA Cerrados, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), EMBRAPA Amazonia Oriental, EMBRAPA Arroz & Feijao, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: enfouissement des résidus forestiers, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, No-tillage, Brachiaria, 01 natural sciences, Grassland, No-till farming, Fire-free, Urochloa, Deforestation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, biology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Soil carbon, absence de brulis, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, French Guiana, Tillage, Agronomy, Annual crops, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Soil horizon, Animal Science and Zoology, Agronomy and Crop Science, Mulch
Abstract: Fire-free forest conversion with organic inputs as an alternative to slash-and-burn could improve agro-ecosystem sustainability. We assessed soil carbon mass changes in a sandy-clayey and well-drained soil in French Guiana after forest clearing by the chop-and-mulch method and crop establishment. At the experimental site of Combi, native forest was cut down in October 2008; woody biomass was chopped and incorporated into the top 20 cm of soil. After about one year of legume and grass cover, three forms of land management were compared: grassland (Urochloa ruziziensis), maize/soybean crop rotation with disk tillage and in direct seeding without tillage. There were four replicates. We measured 14.16 kg m(-2) of carbon in 2 mm-sieved soil down to 2 m depth for the initial forest. Forest clearing did not induce significant soil compaction; neither did any specific agricultural practice. In converted soils, C stocks were measured in the 0-30 cm layer after each crop for three years. Carbon mass changes for soil fractions 2 mm (soil C pool) in the 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil layers were assessed on an equivalent soil mass basis. One year and 1.5 years after deforestation, higher C stocks (+0.64 to 1.16 kg C m(-2) yr(-1)) and C pools (+0.52 to 0.90 kg C m(-2) yr(-1)) were measured in converted soils, compared to those of the forest into the top 30 cm of soil. However, the masses of carbon in these converted soils declined later. The highest rates of carbon decrease were measured between 1.5 and 2 years after forest conversion in the
Published: 2014
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23. Soil discrimination using diffuse reflectance Vis-NIR spectroscopy in a local toposequence

Author: Michel Brossard, Edemar Joaquim Corazza, Maria de Fátima Guimarães, José Francirlei de Oliveira, Stanislas Mayi, Robélio Leandro Marchão, Pedro Rodolfo Siqueira Vendrame, Departamento de Agronomia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA), State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Departamento de Geociências, Embrapa Informação Tecnológica, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Cerrados, CAPES, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: Goethite, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Soil test, Ferralsol, GIBBSITE, Mineralogy, AGREGAT, Latosol, 01 natural sciences, COMPOSITION MINERALOGIQUE, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Kaolinite, Organic matter, Spectroscopy, Gibbsite, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Global and Planetary Change, METHODE D'ANALYSE, PCA, SOL, Chemistry, SPECTROMETRIE INFRAROUGE, MATIERE ORGANIQUE, SPECTROSCOPIE, ANALYSE EN COMPOSANTES PRINCIPALES, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Hematite, KAOLINITE, FER, ARGILE, visual_art, VARIATION SPATIALE, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract: Vis–NIR spectroscopy is nowadays presented as a possible routine method for soil sample analysis. However, there is still no consensus on which is the best multivariate statistical method to use. We propose to use principal component analysis to complete the spectral data treatment. The soil samples came from a pedological cover made up of red–yellow Latosols: 88 samples of 11 soil profiles on four toposequences were collected; clay, organic matter, silica, iron, aluminum and titanium total contents were determined; the contents of goethite, hematite, gibbsite, and kaolinite were calculated. Diffuse reflectance Vis–NIR spectroscopy at wavelengths from 400 to 2400 nm combined with principal component analysis (PCA) was sufficiently sensitive to discriminate different Latosols. Wavelengths of 700 nm and 2200 to 2300 nm were influenced by content ratios of organic matter and iron oxides (700 nm), and kaolinite and gibbsite absorption (2200 and 2300 nm). The spectral responses were affected not only by the content of these constituents, but also by the composition of the minerals, so that the same class of Latosol may have different or similar spectral responses. The role of microaggregation is discussed.
Published: 2013
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24. Acidity control in Latosols under long-term pastures in the Cerrado region, Brazil

Author: Vendramé, P.-R.-S., Brito, O.R., Martens, E.S., Quantin, C., Guimaraes, M.F., Becquer, T., Dpt of Geosciences Londrina, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa, Agropecuaria Embrapa Cerrados, Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), State University of Londrina, and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: kaolinite, protonation, Brazilian Cerrado soils, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, soil acidification, gibbsite
Abstract: International audience; High acidity and aluminium saturation are among the main limiting factors for crop production in tropical soils. The aim of this work was to measure the acidity of Latosols under pastures in the Brazilian Cerrado and to assess the influence of clay mineralogy as a controlling parameter of soil acidity. Topsoils (n = 73, 0-0.2m depth) of Latosols developed on different parent materials were sampled in two sub-regions of the Cerrado region. The main chemical characteristics were determined by standard procedures, and kaolinite and gibbsite contents were determined by dissolution with sulfuric acid and thermogravimetric analyses. The exchangeable concentrations of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K) varied considerably among soil samples, with ranges of 0-13.9 cmol(c) kg(-1) (mean +/- standard deviation 1.77 +/- 1.91 cmol(c) kg(-1)) for Ca; 0.2-3.2 cmol(c) kg(-1) (1.13 +/- 0.68 cmol(c) kg(-1)) for Mg; and 0-1.0 cmol(c) kg(-1) (0.24 +/- 0.24 cmol(c) kg(-1)) for K. The mean concentration of exchangeable aluminium (Al) was 0.55 +/- 0.61 cmol(c) kg(-1) (range 0-2.3 cmol(c) kg(-1)). The content of kaolinite (282 +/- 96 g kg(-1)) was higher than of gibbsite (106 +/- 77 g kg(-1)). The amount of exchangeable Al and Al saturation rate varied according to the mineralogy of the clay fraction of the soils. The content of exchangeable Al3+ remained low when gibbsite was the predominant mineral, whereas it increased with kaolinite content. The ratio kaolinite/(kaolinite + gibbsite) could be used as a useful indicator of the sensitivity of soils affected by acidity and Al toxicity.
Published: 2013

25. Unravelling zinc and lead distributions in dolomitic and metapelitic soils of the Brazilian Central Plateau: insight from physical fractionation, optical microscopy and X-ray microfluorescence

Author: D. Lang Burak, F. van Oort, Eddy Foy, M. P. Ferreira Fontes, Thierry Becquer, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazilian-French Cooperation Programme Capes-Cofecub [514-05], EMBRAPA Cerrados/IRD [0203205], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Universidade Federal de Santa Maria = Federal University of Santa Maria [Santa Maria, RS, Brazil] (UFSM)
Subjects: Sols tropicaux, iron oxide, Ferralsol, Dolomite, métaux en trace, Soil Science, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Weathering, Zinc, Fractionation, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Sesquioxide, plomb, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Cambisol, lead, Dolomitic, Chemistry, contamination métallique, zinc, Sorption, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, heavy metal, oxyde de fer, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, metal contamination, Tropical soils, Lead, Metapelitic soils, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Abstract: International audience; Large zinc and lead concentrations occur in strongly weathered soils of Cambisol–Ferralsol toposequences in the Paracatu-Vazante area (Central Plateau, Brazil). Weathering of the mineralized dolomite parent material of the Cambisols is hypothesized to be the geogenic source of zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb), with dissemination downslope into the Ferralsols. This leads to different metal distribution patterns in the two soils. We studied Zn and Pb distributions in selected A and B horizons of two typical profiles to examine this hypothesis and assess the contribution of sesquioxides to the retention of these metals. Physical separation into 200–2000, 50–200, 20–50 and < 20-µm size fractions in water without chemical dispersants was carried out before (F1) and after (F2) ultrasonification. The fractions were analysed for total and extractable Zn and Pb concentrations and studied by X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. Microscale Zn and Pb distribution maps were obtained by using micro-X-ray fluorescence on thin sections. For the Cambisol, the composition, morphology and large Zn and Pb concentrations of coarse-sized F2 fractions were consistent with a geogenic metal origin. In both soils, < 20-µm fractions contained the largest amounts of Zn and Pb. In the Cambisol, this < 20-µm fraction included poorly crystalline Mn-rich material, encouraging strong Pb sorption. The Ferralsol < 20-µm fractions contained more Al- and Fe-oxide-rich microaggregates, which also enhanced strong metal retention. Large sesquioxide contents in these and similar tropical soils reduce metal mobilities. This limits the risk of toxicity when such soils, with metal contents exceeding guidelines, are used for agriculture.
Published: 2013
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26. Potentially toxic metals in ultramafic mining materials: Identification of the main bearing and reactive phases

Author: Thibault Sterckeman, Thierry Becquer, Sophie Raous, Guillaume Echevarria, Éder de Souza Martins, Fabien Thomas, Khalil Hanna, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Embrapa Cerrados, Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Cerrados, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), This project was supported by the Macroprograma 2 of EMBRAPA: 'Relações entre os metais do solo e a biodiversidade no Cerrado: ferramentas para a conservação de areas degradadas' and by the Fédération de Recherche Eau-Sol-Terre--OSU OTELo (Université de Lorraine--CNRS). The mining companies Votorantim Metais and Anglo-American Brazil are also warmly acknowledged for valuable help in sampling and access to their mining pits., ANR-10-LABX-0021,RESSOURCES21,Strategic metal resources of the 21st century(2010), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR-10-LABX-0021/10-LABX-0021,RESSOURCES21,Strategic metal resources of the 21st century(2010), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Terre et Environnement de Lorraine (OTELo), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: Chromium, Goethite, Inorganic chemistry, Metal bearing-goethite, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Ores, Garnierite, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Nickel, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Metal-bearing smectite, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Geochemical modeling, Limonite, Metallurgy, Hematite, Spoils, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, Clay minerals
Abstract: International audience; Modeling the geochemical behaviour of metals in spoil materials is prerequisite to the rehabilitation of lateritic nickel mining sites to avoid environmental contamination. The global aim of this work was to assess the different parameters controlling the release of Ni and other trace metals (Co, Cu, Cr and Mn) from model materials generated by mining activities in nickeliferous laterites from Goaís State (Brazil). This work was undertaken as a first part in a geochemical modeling project and consisted in the characterisation of the bearing phases and sources of such metals in representative materials from the mine. Ores and spoils had similar mineralogical compositions: i) mainly smectites and talc in garnierites and ii) goethite and hematite in limonites; we therefore concentrated our analyses on the purest materials. Garnierite was richer in Ni and poorer in Cr than limonite. In the first one, the richest phase in Ni was smectite (Fe: 8.8 at.%; Al: 3.3 at.%; Mg: 1.8 at.%; Cr: 0.5 at.%; Ni: 1.2 at.%) whereas chromiferous spinels contained high concentrations of Cr (Fe: 9.6 at.%; Al: 17.6 at.%; Mg: 4.1 at.%; Cr: 17.6 at.%). In Limonite, Ni and Cr were mainly borne by goethite (Fe: 37.6 at.%; Al: 1.8 at.%; Cr: 0.2 at.%; Ni: 0.5 at.%) and chromiferous spinels for Cr. Fine microscopy and spectroscopy allowed us to observe the structure of the minerals in both samples as well as the metal distribution in these different mineral phases. We then focused on metal lability and partitioning in the different compartments revealed by the mineralogical study. In the garnierite, exchangeable Ni (10% of total Ni) was mainly located between the layers of smectite as outer sphere complexes, and was thus easily available. Chromium, either located as octahedral or tetrahedral substitution in the smectites of the garnierite, or sequestered in chromiferous spinel lattices, was poorly available in both cases. In the typical limonite, both Ni and Cr were part of the goethite lattice but most of the Cr was associated with chromiferous spinel, which could be a primary source of Cr(III). The mobility of the Ni and Cr found in goethite was low. However, limonite presented very high exchangeable Cr(VI) contents, (2% of total Cr) in the form of inner-sphere complexes at the goethite surface. Cr(VI) is probably formed through Cr(III) oxidation by Mn oxides. Now that the reactive phases are identified and characterised, further work will model the reactivity of model bearing phases of Ni and Cr and compare the geochemical simulation with actual mobility data.
Published: 2012
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27. Multicriteria evaluation of direct seeding mulch based cropping systems (DMC) in the context of small scale farmers in the Cerrados Region of Brazil

Author: Eric Scopel, Flandin, M. A., Xavier, J. H. V., Marc Corbeels, Da Silva, F. A. M., François Affholder, Frédérique Angevin, Stéphane de Tourdonnet, Christophe David, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut supérieur d'agriculture et d'agroalimentaire Rhône-Alpes (ISARA), Embrapa Cerrados, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unité Impacts Ecologiques des Innovations en Production Végétale (ECO-INNOV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agronomie, AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut Supérieur d'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: F07 - Façons culturales, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: In central Brazil, the tropical savannah ecosystem known as Cerrado, small scale farmers (around 20 ha) occupy marginal land scattered among large commercial farms on wide plateaux. Close to 90 % of the agricultural land farmed by large holders in the Cerrado is managed under direct seeding mulch based cropping systems (DMC). However, this system is almost not used by small scale farmers of the same region, even if their soils are often very susceptible to degradation (erosion, losses of soil organic matter), and they crucially need to stabilize their corn production in other to insure sustainability. Since 2005, Embrapa and Cirad tried to develop, in interaction with small farmers of Unaí region (Minas Gerais), new DMC systems adapted to their conditions and compatible with their own objectives. However, even if those systems increase soil fertility significantly, they also often deeply modify crop management as well as the use of resources available at farm level. Such systems have thus strong consequences on economical, environmental or social aspects of the system, (Scopel et al., 2005).
Published: 2010

28. Mobility of metals in nickel mine spoil materials

Author: Éder de Souza Martins, Thibault Sterckeman, Guillaume Echevarria, Thierry Becquer, Jérémie Garnier, Sophie Raous, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement (LSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Biogéochimie des Sols (Eco&Sols), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Montpellier (ENSA M)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface (IDES), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Embrapa Cerrados, Univesité de Sao Paulo, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: Goethite, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Amendment, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, engineering.material, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Garnierite, Geochemistry and Petrology, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Limonite, Metallurgy, Lessivage, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Saprolite, Pollution, Soil contamination, visual_art, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Leaching (metallurgy), Geology
Abstract: International audience; An understanding of the biogeochemical behaviour of metals in mine spoil materials is a prerequisite to rehabilitate Ni mining sites. The objective of this study was to characterize the fate of metals in different Ni ore spoil materials as influenced by hydrological conditions and fertilisation practices. In tropical ultramafic complexes, the different stages of lateritic weathering lead to two types of ores, and therefore, to two spoil types. They are mainly either a clay-rich saprolite, so-called "garnierite", enriched in phyllosilicates, or a limonitic material, enriched in Fe oxides. Lysimeter columns were designed to monitor leaching waters through both spoil materials. The garnieritic spoil released higher concentrations of Mg (mean = 2.25 mg L-1), Ni (0.39 mg L-1) and Cr (1.19 mg L-1) than the limonitic spoil (Mg = 0.5 mg L-1: Ni = 0.03 mg L-1 and Cr = 0.25 mg L-1). Chromium was mainly in an anionic form in leaching solutions. As exchangeable pools of Cr(VI) in limonite (980 mg kg(-1) of KH2PO4-extractable Cr) are considerable its release in water may still occur in the case of a pH increase. In mixed spoil, metal concentrations were almost as low as in the limonitic one. The effect of mineral-N fertilisation was a strong release of cations (Ni, Mg) into the leachate. Phosphate amendment did not affect the soil solution composition under experimental conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2010
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29. Acute toxicity and cytotoxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus sphaericus strains on fish and mouse bone marrow

Author: GRISOLIA, C. K., OLIVEIRA FILHO, E. C., RAMOS, F. R., LOPES, M. C., MUNIZ, D. H. F., MONNERAT, R. G., Cesar Koppe Grisolia, UnB, Eduardo Cyrino Oliveira-Filho, Embrapa Cerrados, Felipe Rosa Ramos, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Madaí Cruz Lopes, UniCEUB, Daphne Heloisa Freitas Muniz, and Rose Gomes Monnerat Solon de Pontes, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia.
Subjects: Bactéria, Toxicidade
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T17:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SP19703ID31175.pdf: 199147 bytes, checksum: 639b74490a905c882b2db6f70e918560 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-12
Published: 2009

30. In vivo proteome analysis of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in the interaction with the host plant Brassica oleracea

Author: ANDRADE, A. E., SILVA, L. P., PEREIRA, J. L., NORONHA, E. F., REIS JÚNIOR, F. B. R., BLOCH JÚNIOR, C., SANTOS, M. F. dos, DOMONT, G. B., FRANCO, O. L., MEHTA, A., Aretusa Elpídio de Andrade bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Luciano Paulino da Silva, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Jackeline L. Pereira, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Eliane F. Noronha, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Fábio Bueno dos Reis Junior, Embrapa Cerrados, Carlos Bloch Junior, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Marise F. dos Santos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Gilberto B. Domont, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Octávio L. Franco, Universidade Católica de Brasília, and Ângela Mehta, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia.
Subjects: Podridão Negra, Brassica Oleracea, Xanthomonas Campestris
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-22T00:37:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SP19557ID30489.pdf: 875296 bytes, checksum: 281fc89c2d5d31857c466bca4128daca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-11-15
Published: 2008

31. Susceptibility of Anthonomus grandis (Cotton boll weevil) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm) to a Cry1Ia-type toxin from brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis strain

Author: GROSSI DE SÁ, M. F., MAGALHÃES, M. Q. de, SILVA, M. S., SILVA, S. M. B., DIAS, S. C., NAKASU, E. Y. T., BRUNETTA, P. S. F., OLIVEIRA, G. R., OLIVEIRA NETO, O. B., OLIVEIRA, R. S. de, SOARES, L. H. B., AYUB, M. A. Z., SIQUEIRA, H. A. A., FIGUEIRA, E. L. Z., Maria Fátima Grossi de Sa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Mariana Quezado de Magalhães, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Marilia Santos Silva, Embrapa Cerrados, Shirley Margareth Buffon Silva bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Simoni Campos Dias bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Erich Yukio Tempel Nakasu, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Patrícia Sanglard Felipe Brunetta bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Gustavo Ramos Oliveira, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Osmundo Brilhante de Oliveira Neto bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Raquel Sampaio de Oliveira bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Luís Henrique Barros Soares, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Marco Atnônio Zachia Ayub, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Herbert Alvaro Abreu Siqueira bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, and Edson L. A. Figueira bolsista Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia.
Subjects: Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Anghonomus grandis, Algodão, Inseto, Praga, Spodoptera Frugiperda
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-07T00:57:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ID288081.pdf: 1676494 bytes, checksum: 6bf52c3703808658c40a4a7c9bb9db84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-22
Published: 2007

32. Rapid characterisation of organic matter in Brazilian clayey Ferralsols by Rock-Eval pyrolysis

Author: Volland-Tuduri, Nathalie, Disnar, Jean-Robert, Kéravis, Didier, Brossard, Michel, Lopes De Oliveira, Maria Inês, Bruand, Ary, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans (ISTO), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), EMBRAPA Arroz e Feijão (EMBRAPA ARROZ E FEIJãO), Embrapa, EMBRAPA Cerrados, and POTHIER, Nathalie
Subjects: [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment
Abstract: Rock-Eval pyrolysis has primarily been designed to obtain quantitative and qualitative information on the organic content of sedimentary rocks for petroleum exploration purposes. However, because it is fast and provides useful basic information, it has latter been applied to soils and immature sediments. A recent study on soil organic matter (SOM) characterisation by Rock-Eval pyrolysis, was realised on soils from the temperate climate zone. Among the few tropical soils that have been studied, Ferralsols present a more complex SOM composition than the other soils. The aim of this study was to complete these previous data and to determine the nature and possible origin of SOM in Ferralsols. With this aim, Brazilian Ferralsols were sampled in the state of Goías, at depth intervals of 0.1m, from the surface down to 1.6 m depth, in two sites under native vegetation (Cerrado) and three others under pasture. In all soils, the total organic carbon (TOC) decreases with depth in an exponential-like manner. The multilobed pyrolysis S2 peaks recorded in the course of programmed pyrolysis under inert atmosphere (N2) provides basic and straightforward information on the heterogeneity of SOM and its degree of evolution. Then, the deconvolution of S2 peaks enables the separation and quantification of three main organic compartments: minor labile compounds, humic-like compounds abundant in the topsoil, and a refractory fraction that may be considered as black carbon after optical examination under the microscope. The refractory fraction that becomes dominant at depth differentiates the Ferralsols from soils from temperate areas. There is no marked distinction in the relative proportions of the different SOM compartments and in their evolution with depth between the profiles under pasture and under native vegetation.
Published: 2004

33. Multispectral Images for Drought Stress Evaluation of Arabica Coffee Genotypes Under Different Irrigation Regimes.

Author: da Silva PC, Ribeiro Junior WQ, Ramos MLG, Lopes MF, Santana CC, Casari RADCN, Brasileiro LO, Veiga AD, Rocha OC, Malaquias JV, Souza NOS, and Roig HL
Subjects: Water, Crops, Agricultural genetics, Crops, Agricultural physiology, Stress, Physiological genetics, Agricultural Irrigation methods, Droughts, Genotype, Coffea genetics, Coffea physiology
Abstract: The advancement of digital agriculture combined with computational tools and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has opened the way to large-scale data collection for the calculation of vegetation indices (VIs). These vegetation indexes (VIs) are useful for agricultural monitoring, as they highlight the inherent characteristics of vegetation and optimize the spatial and temporal evaluation of different crops. The experiment tested three coffee genotypes (Catuaí 62, E237 and Iapar 59) under five water regimes: (1) FI 100 (year-round irrigation with 100% replacement of evapotranspiration), (2) FI 50 (year-round irrigation with 50% evapotranspiration replacement), (3) WD 100 (no irrigation from June to September (dry season) and, thereafter, 100% evapotranspiration replacement), (4) WD 50 (no irrigation from June to September (water stress) and, thereafter, 50% evapotranspiration replacement) and (5) rainfed (no irrigation during the year). The irrigated treatments were watered with irrigation and precipitation. Most indices were highest in response to full irrigation (FI 100). The values of the NDVI ranged from 0.87 to 0.58 and the SAVI from 0.65 to 0.38, and the values of these indices were lowest for genotype E237 in the rainfed areas. The indices NDVI, OSAVI, MCARI, NDRE and GDVI were positively correlated very strongly with photosynthesis (A) and strongly with transpiration (E) of the coffee trees. On the other hand, temperature-based indices, such as canopy temperature and the TCARI index correlated negatively with A, E and stomatal conductance (gs). Under full irrigation, the tested genotypes did not differ between the years of evaluation. Overall, the index values of Iapar 59 exceeded those of the other genotypes. The use of VIs to evaluate coffee tree performance under different water managements proved efficient in discriminating the best genotypes and optimal water conditions for each genotype. Given the economic importance of coffee as a crop and its susceptibility to extreme events such as drought, this study provides insights that facilitate the optimization of productivity and resilience of plantations under variable climatic conditions.
Published: 2024
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34. Population dynamics of Palpita forficifera Munroe, 1959 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and associated parasitoids in olive orchards.

Author: Scheunemann T, Correa LMS, Krüger AP, Bernardi D, Querino RB, Carvalho LCB, Fernandes DRR, Shimbori EM, and Nava DE
Subjects: Animals, Brazil, Moths parasitology, Hymenoptera classification, Hymenoptera physiology, Host-Parasite Interactions, Olea parasitology, Population Dynamics, Larva parasitology, Seasons, Pest Control, Biological
Abstract: Palpita forficifera Munroe, 1959 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is the main pest of the olive tree (Olea europaea L., Oleaceae) in Brazil and its management has been difficult, as there are few products recommended for its control. This study aimed to evaluate the population dynamics of P. forficifera and the entomofauna of parasitoid eggs and larvae in three olive orchards under different cultivation systems, in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. The study was carried out from October to May, in the 2017/18 and 2018/19 harvests, in olive orchards of different cultivars in the municipalities of Pelotas and Rio Grande, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Population dynamics of P. forficifera varied according to the agricultural season, the months sampled, and the orchards (sites) evaluated. The highest infestation reached around 60% of the shoots in some months, depending on the orchard evaluated. During the pest infestation period, the occurrence of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma foersteri Takahashi, 2021 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was observed along with three larval parasitoids belonging to the genera Dolichogenidea Viereck, 1911, Hymenochaonia Dalla Torre, 1898 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Temelucha Förster, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Temelucha hilux Gauld, 2000 is recorded for the first time in association with a host, and its distribution in the country is extended to the southern region, from Brazil. Due to the scarcity of information on pest management, the natural occurrence of natural enemies in crops is of paramount importance in helping to manage P. forficifera in the field. The population dynamics of P. forficifera is also influenced by the parasitoid community, made up of at least four species of parasitic Hymenoptera. Therefore, strategies aimed at managing P. forficifera must be well developed in order to maintain and increase natural biological control in the field.
Published: 2024
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35. Strategies for genomic predictions of an indicine multi-breed population using single-step GBLUP.

Author: Londoño-Gil M, López-Correa R, Aguilar I, Magnabosco CU, Hidalgo J, Bussiman F, Baldi F, and Lourenco D
Subjects: Animals, Cattle genetics, Pedigree, Genotype, Models, Genetic, Genome genetics, Male, Brazil, Genomics methods, Breeding, Phenotype
Abstract: Brazilian livestock breeding programmes strive to enhance the genetics of beef cattle, with a strong emphasis on the Nellore breed, which has an extensive database and has achieved significant genetic progress in the last years. There are other indicine breeds that are economically important in Brazil; however, these breeds have more modest sets of phenotypes, pedigree and genotypes, slowing down their genetic progress as their predictions are less accurate. Combining several breeds in a multi-breed evaluation could help enhance predictions for those breeds with less information available. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of multi-breed, single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictor genomic evaluations for Nellore, Brahman, Guzerat and Tabapua. Multi-breed evaluations were contrasted to the single-breed ones. Data were sourced from the National Association of Breeders and Researchers of Brazil and included pedigree (4,207,516), phenotypic (328,748), and genomic (63,492) information across all breeds. Phenotypes were available for adjusted weight at 210 and 450 days of age, and scrotal circumference at 365 days of age. Various scenarios were evaluated to ensure pedigree and genomic information compatibility when combining different breeds, including metafounders (MF) or building the genomic relationship matrix with breed-specific allele frequencies. Scenarios were compared using the linear regression method for bias, dispersion and accuracy. The results showed that using multi-breed evaluations significantly improved accuracy, especially for smaller breeds like Guzerat and Tabapua. The validation statistics indicated that the MF approach provided accurate predictions, albeit with some bias. While single-breed evaluations tended to have lower accuracy, merging all breeds in multi-breed evaluations increased accuracy and reduced dispersion. This study demonstrates that multi-breed genomic evaluations are proper for indicine beef cattle breeds. The MF approach may be particularly beneficial for less-represented breeds, addressing limitations related to small reference populations and incompatibilities between G and A 22 . By leveraging genomic information across breeds, breeders and producers can make more informed selection decisions, ultimately improving genetic gain in these cattle populations., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2025
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36. Dirofilaria immitis in dogs from the coastal tourist region of the state of Alagoas, Brazil.

Author: Leão Filho WFB, Barros VMC, Cardoso EVM, Damasceno FS, Malaquias JV, Schwarz DGG, Silva-Júnior A, and Porto WJN
Subjects: Animals, Dogs, Brazil epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Male, Female, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Dirofilariasis epidemiology, Dirofilariasis diagnosis, Dirofilariasis parasitology, Dirofilaria immitis isolation & purification, Dog Diseases parasitology, Dog Diseases epidemiology, Dog Diseases diagnosis
Abstract: Canine dirofilariasis, caused by Dirofilaria immitis, is prevalent worldwide. However, the frequency of canine infection in the state of Alagoas, Brazil is scarcely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of D. immitis infection in dogs from the coastal municipalities of Alagoas and analyze the risk factors associated with the infection. A cross-sectional study was performed using 426 dogs of different breeds and sex distributed across 15 coastal municipalities in the state of Alagoas. Blood samples were collected from each dog and analyzed for circulating microfilariae and free D. immitis antigens. To investigate the risk factors associated with D. immitis infection, we collected information on dog environments using an epidemiological questionnaire. The results revealed that 12.7% of dogs tested positive for D. immitis. Dogs with travel history were 3.52 times more likely to be infected. Thus, infected dogs in the coastal region of Alagoas should be regularly monitored and the public health system should plan strategies to control this zoonotic disease.
Published: 2024
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37. Detection and molecular characterization of a novel mitovirus associated with Passiflora edulis Sims.

Author: Santos YS, Vidal AH, Abreu EFM, Nogueira I, Faleiro FG, Lacorte CC, Melo FL, de Araújo Campos M, de Rezende RR, Morgan T, Varsani A, Alfenas-Zerbini P, and Ribeiro SG
Subjects: Brazil, RNA Viruses genetics, RNA Viruses isolation & purification, RNA Viruses classification, Viral Proteins genetics, RNA, Viral genetics, Amino Acid Sequence, Passiflora virology, Phylogeny, Open Reading Frames, Genome, Viral genetics, Plant Diseases virology, RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase genetics
Abstract: Mitoviruses are cryptic capsidless viruses belonging to the family Mitoviridae that replicate and are maintained in the mitochondria of fungi. Complete mitovirus-like sequences were recently assembled from plant transcriptome data and plant leaf tissue samples. Passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) is an economically important crop for numerous tropical and subtropical countries worldwide, and many virus-induced diseases impact its production. From a large-scale genomic study targeting viruses infecting Passiflora spp. in Brazil, we detected a de novo-assembled contig with similarity to other plant-associated mitoviruses. The contig is ∼2.6 kb long, with a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). This contig has been named "passion fruit mitovirus-like 1" (PfMv1). An alignment of the predicted amino acid sequence of the RdRP of PfMv1 and those of other plant-associated mitoviruses revealed the presence of the six conserved motifs of mitovirus RdRPs. PfMv1 has 79% coverage and 50.14% identity to Humulus lupulus mitovirus 1. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PfMV1 clustered with other plant-associated mitoviruses in the genus Duamitovirus. Using RT-PCR, we detected a PfMv1-derived fragment, but no corresponding DNA was identified, thus excluding the possibility that this is an endogenized viral-like sequence. This is the first evidence of a replicating mitovirus associated with Passiflora edulis, and it should be classified as a member of a new species, for which we propose the name "Duamitovirus passiflorae"., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2024
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38. Ten years of directing seeding restoration in the Brazilian savanna: Lessons learned and the way forward.

Author: Wiederhecker A, Cardoso Ferreira M, Barbosa Rodrigues S, Bonesso Sampaio A, Belloni Schmidt I, Ribeiro JF, Ogata RS, Rodrigues MI, Silva-Coelho AC, Sousa Abreu I, Montenegro TF, and Mascia Vieira DL
Subjects: Brazil, Poaceae growth & development, Ecosystem, Introduced Species, Grassland, Conservation of Natural Resources
Abstract: Savannas and grasslands have lost almost 50% of their original cover worldwide. Therefore, the development of methods and information on open-canopy ecosystem restoration is urgent for the inclusion of these ecosystems into global and regional priorities. In the Brazilian savanna, the most diverse savanna in the world, restoration efforts focused on open ecosystems have been virtually absent, but have increased in the last 10 years. Such efforts are frequently threatened by invasive exotic grasses (IEG) that invade and dominate areas excluding native species, oftentimes aided by altered soil conditions. Long-term studies of savanna restoration trajectories are rare. In this study, we surveyed 22 savanna restoration areas established two to ten years before the study with similar restoration methods to assess their current status. We show that the current restoration methods are successful in establishing native species and allowing species turnover but they are threatened by IEG. Restoration success varies and is affected by soil conditions, IEG landscape cover and post-sowing weeding. Despite that, the simultaneous introduction of different plant functional groups allows turnover from fast to slow-growing plants. Establishing savanna native species is possible at an operational scale with current knowledge and techniques. However, native species establishment fails to prevent IEG reinfestation, which needs to be managed in restoration efforts in the Brazilian savanna., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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39. Historical Note on the Genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) in Brazil, Focusing on Taxonomy and Diversity.

Author: Zucchi RA and Querino RB
Subjects: Brazil, Animals, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Male, Biodiversity, Wasps classification, Wasps anatomy & histology
Abstract: The history of the taxonomy of Trichogramma parasitoid wasps can be divided into two phases. In the first phase, species identifications were based on external morphological characters; however, these identifications proved to be confusing and inaccurate. In the second phase, starting in the 1970s, taxa were identified based on charcteristics of the male genital capsule , leading to a major advance in Trichogramma taxonomy. The history of Trichogramma taxonomy in Brazil is recent and mainly related to species that parasitize agricultural pests. In Brazil, the first phase of Trichogramma taxonomy occurred in the 1960s, while the second phase occurred from the 1980s onward. In this second phase, Trichogramma taxonomy progressed significantly and knowledge of Trichogramma diversity as well as associations with lepidopteran pests improved markedly in Brazil as well as worldwide. The last five decades have seen significant progress in studies in Brazil, with taxonomy evolving from identifications based exclusively on morphological characters to integrative taxonomy, encompassing biology (crosses) and morphometry. This historical outline presents the phases of Trichogramma taxonomy in Brazil, addressing the hurdles encountered in the first descriptions, erroneous records of the species, and species descriptions since the 1980s. We highlight the importance of accurately identifying Trichogramma taxa for their use in biological control, as well as species diversity and associations with lepidopteran hosts., (© 2024. Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil.)
Published: 2024
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40. Acute Toxicity of Commercial Wildfire Retardants to Two Daphniid Species ( Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna ).

Author: Brito DQ, Henke-Oliveira C, and Oliveira-Filho EC
Abstract: In the face of global climate change, there has been an increase in wildfires around the world, highlighting the need for improved firefighting techniques, such as the use of fire retardants (FRs). These products can enter aquatic systems directly or through runoff, posing potential risks to aquatic biota. In this study, the acute toxicity (24-h/48-h EC50) of three distinct FRs (N-Borate, N-Phosphate+, and N-Phosphate-) was assessed on the immobility of freshwater microcrustaceans Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna . The toxicity of the FRs varied up to two orders of magnitude, all of which presented risks to cladocerans even at dilutions much below those recommended by their manufacturers. Among the tested FRs, N-Phosphate- emerged as the most harmful to both species. Specifically, for C. dubia , the 24 h EC50 was 0.005% and the 48 h EC50 was 0.0019%, while for D. magna , 24 h EC50 was 0.003% and the 48 h EC50 was 0.0023%. With the increasing use of FRs for wildfire control, our study highlights the toxicity of newly formulated FRs to daphniid species and emphasizes the need for further evidence-based evaluations of their effects on freshwater ecosystems, which is crucial for choosing FRs that pose the lowest hazard to zooplankton communities.
Published: 2024
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41. Quality of Arabica coffee grown in Brazilian Savannah and impact of potassium sources.

Author: Nascimento MO, Costa Celestino SM, Veiga AD, de Jesus BDA, and de Lacerda de Oliveira L
Subjects: Brazil, Seeds chemistry, Seeds growth & development, Coffee chemistry, Taste, Fertilizers, Humans, Caffeine analysis, Coffea chemistry, Coffea growth & development, Potassium analysis
Abstract: Located in Brazil's Central Plateau, the Cerrado Savannah is an emerging coffee-growing region with significant potential for the national coffee market. This study investigated the impact of potassium fertilization on Arabica coffee quality in the Cerrado, using three potassium sources (K 2 SO 4 , KCl, and KNO 3 ) and five cultivars (Arara, Aranãs, IPR103, Catiguá and Topázio) across two consecutive harvests. We focused on productivity, granulometry, chemical composition, and sensory characteristics. No significant difference in productivity across the cultivars studied or potassium sources as isolated factors were observed. Regarding chemical parameters, potassium sources only affected NO 3 - and SO 4 2- levels in the grains. Cultivar-specific differences were noted in caffeine (CAF), citric acid (CA), and sucrose (SUC), highlighting a strong genetic influence. K 2 SO 4 improved productivity in Arara (15 %) and IPR103 (11 %), while KNO 3 reduced flat grain percentage to 70 % in Catiguá. Sensory evaluation showed that all potassium sources and cultivars produced specialty coffees, with the Arara cultivar treated with K 2 SO 4 achieving the highest SCA score (83.3) while IPR 103 treated with KCl scored the lowest at 78. Only three treatments were below but very close to the threshold (80). Multivariate analysis indicated a trend where specific treatments correlated with higher productivity and quality. Despite the subtle differences in productivity and quality among potassium sources, a cost-benefit analysis may favor KCl due to its affordability, suggesting its viability as a potassium fertilization option in coffee cultivation. Future research is needed to confirm these trends and optimize potassium source selection to enhance coffee quality in the Cerrado., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2024
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42. Immunomodulatory-associated gene transcripts to multipotency of bovine amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells.

Author: Baptistella JC, da Silva CG, Báo SN, Panegossi LC, Cardoso TC, de Carvalho RG, and Martins CF
Abstract: The adnexa fetal tissues are sources of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) due to their noninvasive harvest, with all biological material discarded most of the time. MSCs are a promise regarding to their plasticity, self-renewal, differentiation potentials, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, which have made clinical stem cell therapy a reality. The present study aimed to characterize and evaluate the immunomodulation ability of bovine mesenchymal cells collected from bovine amniotic fluid (bAFMSCs) isolated and subjected to sixth consecutive culture passages in vitro . The multilineage properties of the bAFMSCs collections confirmed the ability to undergo adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation. The mesenchymal gene transcription CD106, CD73, CD29, CD90 and CD166 were detected in bAFMSCs, whereas CD34 and CD45 were not detected. Regarding cytokine mRNA expression, IL2, IL6, INFα, INFβ, INFγ, TNFα and TNFβ were downregulated, while IL10 was highly regulated in all studied passages. The present study demonstrated the immunological properties and multipotency of in vitro bAFMSCs collections, and thus, they can be tested in cattle pathological treatments or multiplication by nuclear transfer cloning., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Published: 2024
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43. Effect of Irrigation on Sugarcane Morphophysiology in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Author: Batista LMT, Ribeiro Junior WQ, Ramos MLG, Bufon VB, Sousa RZ, Vinson CC, and Deuner S
Abstract: Since sugarcane is semi-perennial, it has no escape from water stresses in the Brazilian Cerrado, and consequently, drought impacts plant growth and industrial quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiology and quality of the first ratoon of two sugarcane varieties submitted to irrigated and stressed treatments under field conditions. For the biometric characteristics, in general, significant decreases were observed under the stressed treatment for all periods, and only minor differences were detected between the studied cultivars. Physiological parameters decreased under stressed conditions, but to a different extent between the varieties. RB855536 was able to maintain a greater rate of transpiration. Productivity was reduced by 103 t ha -1 for variety RB855536 and 121 t ha -1 for RB867515, compared to plants with full irrigation during the dry period, but cane quality was similar in both genotypes. Measurements of physiological and morphological parameters may prove useful in the rapid identification of genotypes with greater tolerance to abiotic stress.
Published: 2024
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44. Dynamics of Carbon and Soil Enzyme Activities under Arabica Coffee Intercropped with Brachiaria decumbens in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Author: de Sousa TR, de Carvalho AM, Ramos MLG, de Oliveira AD, de Jesus DR, da Fonseca ACP, da Costa Silva FR, Delvico FMDS, Junior FBDR, and Marchão RL
Abstract: The change in land use in the Brazilian Cerrado modifies the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) and, consequently, carbon (C) stocks and their fractions and soil enzyme activities. This study evaluated the effect of brachiaria ( Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.) intercropped with Arabica coffee ( Coffea arabica L.) on the stock and fractions of soil carbon and enzyme activities. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications and treatments in a factorial design. The first factor consisted of coffee with or without intercropped brachiaria, the second of Arabica coffee cultivars ('I.P.R.103' and 'I.P.R.99') and the third factor of the point of soil sampling (under the canopy (UC) and in inter-rows (I)). Soil was sampled in layers of 0-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-60 and 60-80 cm. Soil from the 0-10 cm layer was also used to analyze enzymatic activity. Significant effects of coffee intercropped with brachiaria were confirmed for particulate organic carbon (POC), with highest contents in the 0-10 and 20-30 cm layers (9.62 and 6.48 g kg -1 , respectively), and for soil enzymes (280.83 and 180.3 μg p-nitrophenol g -1 for arylsulfatase and β-glucosidase, respectively).
Published: 2024
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45. Genetic parameters for visual scores, growth and carcass traits in Nellore Cattle.

Author: Soares BB, Brunes LC, Baldi FS, Carmo ASD, Pereira LS, Carvalho RA, Narciso MG, Amorim ST, Sainz RD, and Magnabosco CU
Subjects: Cattle genetics, Animals, Bayes Theorem, Body Weight genetics, Phenotype, Body Composition genetics
Abstract: Growth and carcass traits are essential selection criteria for beef cattle breeding programs. However, it is necessary to combine these measurements with body composition traits to meet the demand of the consumer market. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters for visual scores, growth (pre and post-weaning weights), and carcass (rib eye area (REA), back and rump fat thickness) traits in Nellore cattle using Bayesian inference. Data from 12,060 animals belonging to the HoRa Hofig Ramos herd were used. Morphological traits were evaluated by the MERCOS methodology. The heritability estimates obtained ranged from low to high magnitude, from 0.15 to 0.28 for visual scores, 0.13 to 0.44 for growth, and from 0.42 to 0.46 for carcass traits. Genetic correlations between visual scores and growth traits were generally of moderate to high magnitudes, however, visual scores showed low correlations with carcass traits, except between sacral bone and structure and REA. Selection for visual score traits can lead to favorable responses in body weight and vice versa, but the same is not true for carcass traits. Morphological categorical traits can be used as complementary tools that add value to selection.
Published: 2024
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46. Sexual Dimorphism, Diel Activity, and Mating Behavior of Eubulus cf. elongatus: an Emergent Pest Root in Cassava Crops.

Author: Moliterno AAC, de Oliveira CM, da Silva MR, and Zarbin PHG
Subjects: Male, Female, Animals, Sex Characteristics, Crops, Agricultural, Vegetables, Weevils, Manihot, Coleoptera
Abstract: Eubulus cf. elongatus Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a Neotropical species recently considered an important pest of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Brazil. This weevil feeds on cassava roots under the soil, which makes detection and control by traditional methods as pesticide quite ineffective. Besides that, no information is available about morphology, sex identification, and behavior. Given its recent category as a pest, its morphology, sex identification, and behavior were previously unknown. Laboratory reared adults of E. cf. elongatus emerged from pupal chambers originated from Embrapa Cerrados (Planaltina, Federal District, Brazil) were used to investigate sexual dimorphism, sex ratio, diel activity, and mating behavior. The visible sexual dimorphism was observed in the hind tibiae of females, which presents a more expansive distal portion than a proximal portion. The sex ratio analysis of E. cf. elongatus evidenced a proportion of males and females, approximately 1:1 in 2018, while 1.5:1, both similar to other species of curculionids. Males and females show predominantly nocturnal activity, including the mating attempts during scotophase. Three distinct phases of mating behavior developed by E. cf. elongatus are described: (i) pre-copulation, (ii) copulation, and (iii) post-copulation. The results obtained in this study provide essential information for developing monitoring and control strategies within an integrated management program for this critical pest species in cassava crops in Brazil., (© 2023. Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil.)
Published: 2024
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47. Understanding the Relations between Soil Biochemical Properties and N 2 O Emissions in a Long-Term Integrated Crop-Livestock System.

Author: de Carvalho AM, Ramos MLG, Dos Santos DCR, de Oliveira AD, de Carvalho Mendes I, Silva SB, de Sousa TR, Dantas RA, Silva AMM, and Marchão RL
Abstract: Edaphoclimatic conditions influence nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from agricultural systems where soil biochemical properties play a key role. This study addressed cumulative N 2 O emissions and their relations with soil biochemical properties in a long-term experiment (26 years) with integrated crop-livestock farming systems fertilized with two P and K rates. The farming systems consisted of continuous crops fertilized with half of the recommended P and K rates (CCF1), continuous crops at the recommended P and K rates (CCF2), an integrated crop-livestock system with half of the recommended P and K rates (ICLF1), and an integrated crop-livestock at the recommended P and K rates (ICLF2). The ICLF2 may have promoted the greatest entry of carbon into the soil and positively influenced the soil's biochemical properties. Total carbon (TC) was highest in ICLF2 in both growing seasons. The particulate and mineral-associated fractions in 2016 and 2017, respectively, and the microbial biomass fraction in the two growing seasons were also very high. Acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase in ICLF1 and ICLF2 were highest in 2016. The soil properties correlated with cumulative N 2 O emissions were TC, total nitrogen (TN), particulate nitrogen (PN), available nitrogen (AN), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC). The results indicated that ICLF2 induces an accumulation of more stable organic matter (OM) fractions that are unavailable to the microbiota in the short term and result in lower N 2 O emissions.
Published: 2024
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48. Soil macrofauna communities in Brazilian land-use systems.

Author: Brown GG, Demetrio WC, Gabriac Q, Pasini A, Korasaki V, Oliveira LJ, Dos Santos JCF, Torres E, Galerani PR, Gazziero DLP, Benito NP, Nunes DH, Santos A, Ferreira T, Nadolny HS, Bartz MLC, Maschio W, Dudas RT, Zagatto MRG, Niva CC, Clasen LA, Sautter KD, Froufe LCM, Seoane CES, de Moraes A, James S, Alberton O, Brandão Júnior O, Saraiva O, Garcia A, Oliveira E, César RM, Corrêa-Ferreira BS, Bruz LSM, da Silva E, Cardoso GBX, Lavelle P, Velásquez E, Cremonesi M, Parron LM, Baggio AJ, Neves E, Hungria M, Campos TA, da Silva VL, Reissmann CB, Conrado AC, Bouillet JD, Gonçalves JLM, Brandani CB, Viani RAG, Paula RR, Laclau JP, Peña-Venegas CP, Peres C, Decaëns T, Pey B, Eisenhauer N, Cooper M, and Mathieu J
Abstract: Background: Soil animal communities include more than 40 higher-order taxa, representing over 23% of all described species. These animals have a wide range of feeding sources and contribute to several important soil functions and ecosystem services. Although many studies have assessed macroinvertebrate communities in Brazil, few of them have been published in journals and even fewer have made the data openly available for consultation and further use. As part of ongoing efforts to synthesise the global soil macrofauna communities and to increase the amount of openly-accessible data in GBIF and other repositories related to soil biodiversity, the present paper provides links to 29 soil macroinvertebrate datasets covering 42 soil fauna taxa, collected in various land-use systems in Brazil. A total of 83,085 georeferenced occurrences of these taxa are presented, based on quantitative estimates performed using a standardised sampling method commonly adopted worldwide to collect soil macrofauna populations, i.e. the TSBF (Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Programme) protocol. This consists of digging soil monoliths of 25 x 25 cm area, with handsorting of the macroinvertebrates visible to the naked eye from the surface litter and from within the soil, typically in the upper 0-20 cm layer (but sometimes shallower, i.e. top 0-10 cm or deeper to 0-40 cm, depending on the site). The land-use systems included anthropogenic sites managed with agricultural systems (e.g. pastures, annual and perennial crops, agroforestry), as well as planted forests and native vegetation located mostly in the southern Brazilian State of Paraná (96 sites), with a few additional sites in the neighbouring states of São Paulo (21 sites) and Santa Catarina (five sites). Important metadata on soil properties, particularly soil chemical parameters (mainly pH, C, P, Ca, K, Mg, Al contents, exchangeable acidity, Cation Exchange Capacity, Base Saturation and, infrequently, total N), particle size distribution (mainly % sand, silt and clay) and, infrequently, soil moisture and bulk density, as well as on human management practices (land use and vegetation cover) are provided. These data will be particularly useful for those interested in estimating land-use change impacts on soil biodiversity and its implications for below-ground foodwebs, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem service delivery., New Information: Quantitative estimates are provided for 42 soil animal taxa, for two biodiversity hotspots: the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. Data are provided at the individual monolith level, representing sampling events ranging from February 2001 up to September 2016 in 122 sampling sites and over 1800 samples, for a total of 83,085 ocurrences., (George G. Brown, Wilian C Demetrio, Quentin Gabriac, Amarildo Pasini, Vanesca Korasaki, Lenita J. Oliveira, Julio C.F. dos Santos, Eleno Torres, Paulo R. Galerani, Dionisio L. P. Gazziero, Norton P. Benito, Daiane H. Nunes, Alessandra Santos, Talita Ferreira, Herlon S. Nadolny, Marie L. C. Bartz, Wagner Maschio, Rafaela T. Dudas, Mauricio R. G. Zagatto, Cintia C. Niva, Lina A. Clasen, Klaus D. Sautter, Luis C.M. Froufe, Carlos Eduardo S. Seoane, Aníbal de Moraes, Samuel James, Odair Alberton, Osvaldino Brandão Júnior, Odilon Saraiva, Antonio Garcia, Elma Oliveira, Raul M. César, Beatriz S. Corrêa-Ferreira, Lilianne S. M. Bruz, Elodie da Silva, Gilherme B. X. Cardoso, Patrick Lavelle, Elena Velásquez, Marcus Cremonesi, Lucília M. Parron, Amilton J. Baggio, Edinelson Neves, Mariangela Hungria, Thiago A. Campos, Vagner L. da Silva, Carlos B. Reissmann, Ana C. Conrado, Jean-Pierre D. Bouillet, José L. M. Gonçalves, Carolina B. Brandani, Ricardo A. G. Viani, Ranieri R. Paula, Jean-Paul Laclau, Clara P Peña-Venegas, Carlos Peres, Thibaud Decaëns, Benjamin Pey, Nico Eisenhauer, Miguel Cooper, Jérôme Mathieu.)
Published: 2024
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49. Heterogeneity in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Communities of the Brazilian Cerrado, Transitional Areas toward the Caatinga, and the Atlantic Forest.

Author: de Pontes JS, Oehl F, Pereira CD, de Toledo Machado CT, Coyne D, da Silva DKA, and Maia LC
Subjects: Brazil, Forests, Rainforest, Soil, Mycorrhizae genetics, Microbiota
Abstract: The Cerrado is the most diverse tropical savanna worldwide and the second-largest biome in South America. The objective of this study was to understand the heterogeneity and dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in different types of natural Cerrado vegetation and areas that are transitioning to dryer savannas or tropical rainforests and to elucidate the driving factors responsible for the differences between these ecosystems. Twenty-one natural sites were investigated, including typical Cerrado forest, typical Caatinga, Atlantic Rainforest, transitions between Cerrado and Caatinga, Cerrado areas near Caatinga or rainforest, and Carrasco sites. Spores were extracted from the soils, counted, and morphologically analyzed. In total, 82 AMF species were detected. AMF species richness varied between 36 and 51, with the highest richness found in the area transitioning between Cerrado and Caatinga, followed by areas of Cerrado close to Caatinga and typical Cerrado forest. The types of Cerrado vegetation and the areas transitioning to the Caatinga shared the highest numbers of AMF species (32-38). Vegetation, along with chemical and physical soil parameters, affected the AMF communities, which may also result from seasonal rainfall patterns. The Cerrado has a great AMF diversity and is, consequently, a natural refuge for AMF. The plant and microbial communities as well as the diversity of habitats require urgent protection within the Cerrado, as it represents a key AMF hotspot., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2024
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50. Advances in Tissue Culture and Transformation Studies in Non-model Species: Passiflora spp. (Passifloraceae).

Author: Otoni WC, Soares JR, Souza CS, Silva LAS, Dias LLL, Robledo KJM, Paim-Pinto DL, Koehler AD, Sodrzeieski PA, Fernandes AM, Vieira LM, Silva PO, Silveira EC, Matos EM, Carvalho IF, Romanel E, Batista DS, Viccini LF, Faleiro FG, Rocha DI, Nogueira FTS, and Silva MLC
Subjects: Transformation, Genetic, MicroRNAs genetics, Plants, Genetically Modified genetics, Plants, Genetically Modified growth & development, Endosperm genetics, Endosperm growth & development, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Passiflora genetics, Passiflora growth & development, Plant Somatic Embryogenesis Techniques methods, Tissue Culture Techniques methods
Abstract: In this chapter, we report advances in tissue culture applied to Passiflora. We present reproducible protocols for somatic embryogenesis, endosperm-derived triploid production, and genetic transformation for such species knowledge generated by our research team and collaborators in the last 20 years. Our research group has pioneered the work on passion fruit somatic embryogenesis, and we directed efforts to characterize several aspects of this morphogenic pathway. Furthermore, we expanded the possibilities of understanding the molecular mechanism related to developmental phase transitions of Passiflora edulis Sims. and P. cincinnata Mast., and a transformation protocol is presented for the overexpression of microRNA156., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Published: 2024
Full Text: View/download PDF

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