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Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the heavy metal (Al, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sn, Pb and Hg) concentrations were determined in a total of seventy-two infant formula samples manufactured by sixteen different brands in Türkiye. During the analyses, inductively coupled plasma MS was used in evaluating the nutritional profile and the toxicological risk associated with the consumption of these products. Given the analysis results, the highest Pb content was found in milk-based 'beginner' formulas (0–6 months, three samples) packed in metal containers. The highest concentration of Mn was found in powdered infant formula (Brand 3) that is suitable for 9–12-month-olds. Mn level was found to be above the limit values in nine samples (12·5 %). Cd level exceeded the limit values in two infant formula samples of Brand 3 (0·038 µg/g) and Brand 15 (0·023 µg/g). Therefore, the mean Cd concentration found here reaches the maximum limit set by the European Union commission legislation. Cu was detected in all infant formulas. The highest concentration was determined in Brand 1 (9–12 months, seven samples) and found to be 2·637 (sd 1·928) µg/g. This value is much higher than the reference values set in the national and international standards. Based on the results achieved here, the estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient values for all the metals in infant formulas were found lower than < 1. These findings suggest that the baby foods examined would not pose any health risk. The daily intakes exceeding the baby nutrition values recommended by the WHO would pose health risk since they would exceed the EDI levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although volvulus is mostly seen in infancy, rare cases of intrauterine volvulus have also been reported. Fetal ultrasonographic (USG) examination of a 32-year-old woman at the 24th gestational week, showed focal dilatation of the intestines with an increased wall echogenity of the dilated segments. At the subsequent visits USG revealed progressive dilatation of the intestines. The patient presented with preterm labor at the 32nd gestational week. Cullen's sign developed on newborn's abdominal skin over time. During the operation, there was a stiff, yellowcolored, fibrinous pouch, jejunal and ileal atretic ends (25 cm of jejunum was remaining). We started total parenteral nutrition (TPN) because of short bowel syndrome. The patient died due to TPN-related sepsis at age 40 days. Timely diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine volvulus cases is very difficult because there are mostly non-specific signs, which have many differential diagnoses. This fact negatively affects mortality and morbidity for intrauterine volvulus cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Mass lesions of the umbilical cord are rare anomalies. There have been rare reports of hemangiomas of the umbilical cord, but the co-occurrence of omphalocele and hemangioma of the umbilical cord has not been previously reported. Nonetheless, the condition is clinically significant as it may cause the disturbance of intrauterine fetal circulation, retardation of fetal growth and development, non-immune hydrops fetalis, morbidity and mortality. Case. Here we aim to report a case that was prenatally diagnosed with an omphalocele and that presented after birth with a hemangioma on the omphalocele sac. Conclusions. When dealing with umbilical mass lesions in the prenatal and postnatal periods, a hemangioma on the omphalocele sac should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients when an omphalocele is suspected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction:  This study aimed to compare the results of classical surgery (CS) and optical forceps-assisted single-port laparoscopic percutaneous internal ring suturing (SP-PIRS) repair for the treatment of Morgagni hernia.Materials and Methods:  Patients with Morgagni hernia who were operated on between January 2005 and July 2020 were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups (CS or SP-PIRS) and compared retrospectively in terms of demographic data, defect size, duration of hospitalization, costs, postoperative complications, and recurrence.Results:  Thirty-two patients were included in this study. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of gender, defect size, postoperative complications, and recurrence (p > 0.05). The SP-PIRS group had a shorter operation time (p < 0.01), shorter hospital stay (p = 0.02), and lower cost (p < 0.01) than the CS group. The average follow-up was 24 months, and recurrence was detected in two patients in each group.Conclusion:  SP-PIRS repair is recommended because it is practical to perform and reduces the duration of surgery, hospital stay, and cost. It is superior to other laparoscopic techniques, as there is no need to use additional study forceps, except in extreme cases, and the surgeon can perform the procedure without an assistant to hold the laparoscope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Trauma is the most common cause of death in childhood. Tissue damage, ischaemia-reperfusion injury and inflammatory response are mainly responsible for increasing free oxygen radicals. In this study, we aimed to investigate the use of thiol-disulphide and ischaemia-modified albumin levels as a diagnostic laboratory parameter in trauma children.Methods: Of 202 children, 101 were hospitalised in the paediatric surgical intensive care unit with trauma, and 101 were healthy children. Levels of native thiol (-SH), total thiol (SH + SS), dynamic disulphide (SS), dynamic disulphide (SS)/total thiol (SH + SS), albumin and ischaemic modified albumin (IMA) were measured from the sera of patients and healthy volunteers. For statistical analyses, SPSS 17.0 was used. Mann-Whitney U and paired correlation tests were used where appropriate. P < .05 was considered significant.Results: The mean age of the patients in the trauma group (boys: 61 girls: 40) was 7.88 years and the control group was 8.00 years. In the trauma group, 86 children were exposed to blunt trauma, 15 children had penetrating trauma and 54 patients had multiple trauma. Surgical procedures were performed on 17 patients. In the trauma group, native thiol, total thiol, dynamic disulphide/total thiol, albumin and IMA levels were significantly lower than that of the control (P < .001), and their dynamic disulphide (P = .001) was higher compared with the control. There was no difference thiol-disulphide parameters in trauma groups sub-division as surgery (n = 17) vs follow-up (n = 84) groups or multiple trauma (n = 54) vs isolated organ trauma (n = 47) groups or penetrating (n = 15) or blunt trauma (n = 86) groups.Conclusion: Thiol-disulphide balance and IMA levels show changes in favour of oxidative stress in children with trauma; however, it cannot be used as a laboratory marker that helps to show the system and organ affected by the trauma and to decide the surgical intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate ethical problems caused by teachers accepting gifts in schools. The viewpoints of teachers, administrators, and parents who were involved in the process of gift giving at schools in Turkey were recorded. To facilitate a deeper investigation of ethical problems caused by gift culture in schools, qualitative research methods were used in the study. Data collected through interviews with the participants were analyzed using content analysis techniques largely based on inductive reasoning. The results of the study revealed that gifts affected teachers' objectivity and prevented them from treating students equally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The present study was carried out to investigate the possibility of using different levels of bee pollen and apigenin extract in beef meatballs to evaluate shelf-life, nutritional and quality properties of beef meatballs under different storage conditions. Materials and Methods: It was determined, using the HPLC method, that bee pollen contains a high level of apigenin under optimal conditions. Bee pollen and apigenin were added to meatballs at different concentrations in five groups. Meatballs were made with control, 1-2% bee pollens/apigenin. Quality and safety evaluation of meatballs were determined by sensory, physicochemical, biochemical and microbiological tests. The analyses were conducted at 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days of interval. Results: A statistically significant decrease was found in FFA, POV and TBARS levels of meatballs on different days of storage (p<0.05). When compared to the control group, the bioactive compounds preserved the microbiological and chemical properties of meatballs during frozen storage (14 days). Conclusion: It was concluded that the extracts with 2% bee pollen concentrations can be used as biopreservative agents for meat and meat products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Firat Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi is the property of Firat Universitesiu, Saglik Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Only ten cases of ileocecal valve atresia are found in the English literature. Herein, we present a case with ileal perforation due to double membranous atresia (type IV atresia), one at the ileocecal valve, and one at cecum. The plain abdominal graph of a five-day-old girl revealed subdiaphragmatic free air. In the emergent laparotomy, there was a perforation in the distal ileum. We performed an end-ileostomy. During the second operation (5-month-old), the catheter placed to the distal of the ileostomy did not go further through the ileocecal valve. The catheter that passed from the appendix stump also stopped at a distance of 1 cm. An anastomosis was made between the ileum and the colon. The differential diagnosis of ileocecal valve atresia includes ileal atresia, meconium ileus and necrotizing enterocolitis. In case of a perforation, we recommend opening an ileostomy initially and then starting a treatment for sepsis. We advise to check the distal colon for further atresia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study reported the optimization of extraction of phenolic and flavonoid compounds from the cherry stem and biological activities of the extract. The extraction parameters were optimized employing a response surface methodology, and they were determined as 79°C, 35% (vol/vol) of ethanol percentage and 119 min. It was found that the extract obtained at the optimum conditions contained high amounts of sinapic acid and quercetin followed by caffeic and ferulic acid. It had a high antioxidant capacity and showed antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Enterococcus fecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger. The extract inhibited α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipoxygenase, and xanthine oxidase enzymes which indicated that the extract had antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. It also showed cytotoxic activities on the breast and bone cancer cells. The results showed that cherry stems might be potentially useful in food or nonfood applications and an important natural source for bioactive compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During testicular torsion, the testes face oxidative damage owing to ischemia/reperfusion. We studied the long term effects of the intrascrotal administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) during detorsion procedure in a rat model of testicular torsion. Twenty-eight rats were divided into 4 groups: (1) Control group: No procedure was done (2): Torsion–detorsion group: Testis torsion applied for 3 h (3): Low Dose Group: After testis torsion–detorsion (for 3 h) 10 mg/kg NAC was given into tunica vaginalis (4): High Dose Group: After testis torsion–detorsion (for 3 h) 100 mg/kg NAC was given into tunica vaginalis. We measured dimensions of the testes and examined pathological findings and Johnsen and Cosantino Scores. For testes height and volume, high dose NAC group had better results than the torsion–detorsion group (p = 0.019, p = 0.049). Testes weight showed no difference (p = 0.204). Sertoli cell number per tubule in the high dose NAC group was statistically different than the torsion–detorsion group (p = 0.017). When NAC was given intrascrotally at a dose of 100 mg/kg, it decreased the loss of testis volume and height, and Sertoli cell number per tubule was similar to the control group. These results suggest that the higher dose intrascrotal NAC administered during detorsion may have a protective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The employment of expatriate teachers in educational organizations increases each day under the influence of globalization. Accordingly, a significant increase is observed in the number of expatriates. This study aims at determining the opinions of expatriate teachers who serve in private schools in Turkey in the areas of education, teaching and administration processes and parent-student relations. In this study, a phenomenology design based on qualitative research methods was used, and semistructured and in-depth interviews were conducted with 25 teachers. The collected data were analyzed using a content analysis method. Within this scope, the statements collected from the teachers were thematized as views on education, teaching, school administration, students and parents. According to the results of the research, expatriate teachers stated that the education program is heavy, though they expressed that it is not up to date, there are deficiencies in the assessment and evaluation dimension, and Turkish teachers do not use differentiated teaching methods. In addition, the teachers stated that the centralist structure of the education system creates difficulties for them and that although coordination is high within the school and there are positive relations with the administration, the administrators are insufficient in terms of their competence. The teachers identified injustices concerning the employment of expatriate teachers, in those teachers from the United States of America and Europe are in general preferred. The teachers stated that although the students have a high level of motivation about learning languages; in particular, they have a tendency to be results-oriented, focusing on memorization. The expatriate teachers expressed that they have friendly relations with parents but that they sometimes experience difficulties due to the language barriers and the interfering behaviors of parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enzyme immobilization with affinity binding which is based on the specific affinity interactions have an important advantage as; high selectivity. In the present study, chitosan and Sepabeads EC-EA were derivatized with aminophenylboronicacid(APBA) for the affinity immobilization of α-galactosidase. The influence of various process parameters on immobilization of the enzyme is investigated to get high immobilization yields. Under optimized immobilization conditions, the chitosan and Sepabeads EC-EA immobilized enzymes exhibited activity yield of 89.5% and 72%, respectively. The maximum activities were detected at 40 °C for free and Sepabeads EC-EA immobilized enzyme and 55 °C for chitosan immobilized enzyme. The optimum pH was found as pH 5.0 for free and Sepabeads EC-EA immobilized enzyme and pH 5.5 for chitosan immobilized enzyme. Both immobilized enzymes were very stable at temperature ranged from 4 to 55 °C and also in a pH range of 2.6–7.0. The immobilized α-galactosidases were also used in the hydrolysis of raffinose. The chitosan and Sepabeads EC-EA immobilized enzymes hydrolysed 55% and 42% of raffinose in 32 h at 50 °C, respectively. The obtained results shed light for the useability of these immobilized enzymes in the hydrolysis of raffinose in food industry and make these immobilized enzymes good candidates for their various biotechnological applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To elucidate epidemiological data and hydrocele progression, we reviewed pediatric patients diagnosed with hydroceles in our institution retrospectively.Materials and Methods: We reviewed data from 355 pediatric patients with hydroceles. Questionnaires regarding age at diagnosis, time of delivery, presence of hydroceles in the father and brothers, age at recovery, age at surgery, cause of hydrocele (if present), type of hydrocele, associated pathologies, treatments, and posthydrocelectomy complications were completed by reviewing patients' medical records and interviewing their families.Results: Patients with congenital hydroceles were more frequently born prematurely (32.5%) than were patients with noncongenital hydroceles (15.9%; P = .001). Fathers of 10 patients (3.7%) and brothers of 21 patients (7.7%) also had hydroceles. Hydroceles were associated with inguinal hernias on the same side (12.2%), cryptorchidism (7.5%), varicoceles (6.0%), and testis torsion (0.5%). Among patients aged >1 year (n = 185), 27 did not undergo operations and healed spontaneously at an average of 5.30 ± 3.36 months. For children aged >1 year who did not undergo surgery, the rate of spontaneous recovery within 6 months was 77.8% and that within 1 year was 96.3%.Conclusion: Until strong evidence of hydrocele-induced testicular damage in children arises, we recommend following up congenital hydroceles until at least 1 year and preferably 2 years of age. We recommend following up noncongenital hydroceles for at least 6 months and preferably 1 year if there is no associated pathology indicating the need for earlier surgery such as an inguinal hernia, cryptorchidism, tense hydrocele, testis torsion, or testis mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article, the authors present a case of a 15-year-old woman who was rushed to a pain department due to bilateral severe pricking, burning and tingling neuropathic pain in her abdominal wall to discuss the use of ultrasound-guided mutisite transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block to treat scar-caused neuropathic pain. The patient previously underwent multiple abdominoperineal surgeries with diagnosis of left renal agenesis, vesicovaginal fistula, and hydrocolpos.

Effects of zeolite have been described on the biochemical parameters of blood of Cyprinus carpio exposed to copper sulphate. The control fish showed 57.67% increase in body weight over a period of 90 days. This increase was 26.45% after exposure to copper sulphate (2mg/L) and 32.01% after Zeolite treatment (60 mg/L). When Zeolite was administered along with copper sulfate the fish showed 46.24% increase in body weight. Blood sampling were made for the determination of hematological values (glucose (GLU), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), creatinine (CR), total bilirubin (TBIL), uric acid (UA), and direct bilirubin (DBIL)) at 30, 60, 90 days. Fish weight increased 26.45%, 46.29%, 32.01% and 57.67% respectively in groups and differences between groups were significant (p<0.05). GLU, BUN, TP, ALB, GLB, CR, TBIL and UA values differed significantly among the groups (P<0.05). There were significant differences GLU, BUN, TP, ALB, GLB, CR, TBIL and UA values among the groups (P<0.05). TP value decreased, but GL, TBIL, UA and DBIL values of CuSO4 group increased significantly compared to control group (p<0.05). Therefore, it was suggested to use of clinoptilolite in rearing waters when there is a problem related to metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Three-phase partitioning (TPP) was used to purify α-galactosidase from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The technique is a novel separation process used for the extraction and purification of biomolecules. It involves the addition of salt (generally ammonium sulfate) to the crude extract followed by the addition of an organic solvent (generally butanol). The protein appears as an interfacial precipitate between upper organic solvent and lower aqueous phases. The various conditions required for attaining efficient purification of the α-galactosidase fractions were optimized. Under optimized conditions, it was seen that, 50% of ammonium sulfate saturation with 1:1 ratio of crude extract to t-butanol at pH 4.5 gave 4.3-fold purification with 80% activity yield of α-galactosidase. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis showed substantial purification and the molecular weight of α-galactosidase was nearly found to be as 34kDa. The purified enzyme was characterized with respect to its activity and stability at various pH and temperature ranges. Optimum pH and temperature were determined at pH 4 and 37°C, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the range of pH 3–5 and more than 60% of its initial activity was recovered. The α-galactosidase completely retained nearly about 70% of its initial activity at 40°C. The kinetic constants; K m and V max using p-nitrophenyl-α-d-galactopyranoside (PNPG) as substrate were 1.07mM and 0.01U/mg, respectively. TPP is an attractive process for the purification of α-galactosidase. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The present study aimed to investigate the bioactive compounds in artichoke (Cynara scolymus) powder, having antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, and to determine the effectiveness of artichoke (C. scolymus) powder extract within the minced meat. C. scolymus was extracted using two different methods. The method incorporating high phenolic and flavonoid content levels was used in other analyses and the phenolic and flavonoid contents in C. scolymus extract was determined using LC-QTOF-MS. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and metmyoglobin (metMb) reducing activities and pH values of the extract-added minced meat samples were measured for 10 days during storage. DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS were used in the antioxidant analyses. The antimicrobial activity of C. scolymus extract was evaluated on five different food pathogens by using the disc diffusion method. The most resistant bacterium was found to be Listeria monocytogenes (18.05 mm ± 0.24). The amount of metMb was measured in the minced meat sample that was added to the extract during storage (p < 0.05). MetMb formation and pH value on the sixth day of storage were found to be at lower levels than in the control group. In conclusion, C. scolymus exhibited a good antimicrobial and antioxidant effect and can be used in storing and packaging the food products, especially the meat and meat products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alternative technologies, which have been developed in order to meet the consumers' demand for nourishing and healthy meat and meat products, are followed by the food industry. In the present study, it was determined, using the HPLC method, that green tea contains a high level of epicatechin (EP) under optimal conditions and that pomegranate peel contains a high level of punicalagin (PN). Green tea, pomegranate peel, EP and PN were added to meatballs at different concentrations in eight groups. The antioxidant capacities of extracts were measured. The antimicrobial activity was examined for 72 h using three different food pathogens. The highest level of antimicrobial activity was achieved in the 1% punicalagin group, whereas the minimum inhibition concentration (L. monocytogenes, S. typhimurium) was found to be 1.87 mg/mL. A statistically significant decrease was found in FFA, POV and TBARS levels of meatballs on different days of storage (p < 0.05). When compared to the control group, the bioactive compounds preserved the microbiological and chemical properties of meatballs during storage at +4 °C (14 days). It was concluded that the extracts with high EP and PN concentrations can be used as bio-preservative agents for meat and meat products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, ultrafiltration (UF) flat sheet membranes were manufactured by introducing two diverse halloysite nanotubes (HNT) size (5 μm and 63 μm) and five different (0, 0.63, 1.88, 3.13, 6.30 wt %) ratios by wet phase inversion. Some characterization methods which are contact angle, zeta potential, viscosity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Young's modulus measurements were used for ultrafiltration membranes. Synthetic dye waters which were Setazol Red and Reactive Orange were used for filtration performance tests. These dye solutions were filtered in three different pH conditions and three different temperature conditions for pH and temperature resistance to understand how flux and removal efficiency change. The best water permeability results were obtained as 190.5 LMH and 192 LMH, for halloysite nanotubes (HNT) sizes of 5 μm and 63 μm respectively. The best water and dye performance of UF membrane contains 1.88% w/w ratio of HNT, which showed increased water flux and dye flux of membranes according to different HNT concentrations including ultrafiltration membranes.