103 results on '"Burns, Lorna"'
Search Results
2. Top tips on staying up to date in primary care
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Burns, Lorna and McColl, Ewen
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- 2023
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3. Deep margin elevation in restorative dentistry: A scoping review
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Taylor, Anna and Burns, Lorna
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- 2024
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4. The dental workforce recruitment and retention crisis in the UK
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Evans, Deborah, Mills, Ian, Burns, Lorna, Bryce, Marie, and Hanks, Sally
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- 2023
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5. Engaging youth at risk of violence in services: Messages from research
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Axford, Nick, Tredinnick-Rowe, John, Rybcyznska-Bunt, Sarah, Burns, Lorna, Green, Finlay, and Thompson, Tom
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- 2023
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6. Guided tissue regeneration in peri-radicular surgery
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Baniulyte, Gabriele, Burns, Lorna, and Ali, Kamran
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- 2022
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7. Dentistry in a multicultural society: the impact of animal-based products on person-centred care
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Ali, Kamran, Gupta, Pooja, Turay, Emma, Burns, Lorna, Brookes, Zoe, and Raja, Mahwish
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- 2022
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8. A group-based behavioural intervention for weight management (PROGROUP) versus usual care in adults with severe obesity: a feasibility randomised controlled trial protocol
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Swancutt, Dawn, Tarrant, Mark, Ingram, Wendy, Baldrey, Sarah, Burns, Lorna, Byng, Richard, Calitri, Raff, Creanor, Siobhan, Dean, Sarah, Evans, Lucy, Gill, Laura, Goodwin, Elizabeth, Hawkins, Lily, Hayward, Chris, Hind, Sarah, Hollands, Laura, Hosking, Joanne, Lloyd, Jenny, Moghadam, Shokraneh, Neilens, Helen, O’Kane, Mary, Perry, Steve, Sheaff, Rod, Spencer, Anne, Taylor, Adrian, Ward, Thomas, Watkins, Ross, Wilding, John, and Pinkney, Jonathan
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- 2022
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9. Which components of behavioral weight management programs are essential for weight loss in people living with obesity? A rapid review of systematic reviews.
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Hawkins, Lily K., Burns, Lorna, Swancutt, Dawn, Moghadam, Shokraneh, Pinkney, Jonathan, and Tarrant, Mark
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DIETARY patterns , *WEIGHT loss , *REGULATION of body weight , *BODY mass index , *PHYSICAL activity - Abstract
Summary: The optimal treatment and organization of care for people with obesity is one of the greatest challenges facing today's health services. While surgery and pharmacotherapy offer effective treatment options for some people with obesity, behavioral interventions are important to support long‐term behavioral change. However, little is known about the most effective components of behavioral interventions, and this is especially the case for people with complex or severe obesity (i.e. body mass index [BMI] > 35 kg/m2). Accordingly, the current rapid review aimed to identify which behavior change techniques (BCTs) are effective for weight loss in adults with (severe) obesity. A secondary aim was to review the effects of BCTs on dietary behaviors and physical activity, and psychological outcomes, recognizing that behavioral interventions commonly target these. A search of Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Web of Science resulted in 1227 results, with 22 reviews eligible for inclusion. The most commonly reported BCTs were self‐monitoring and goal setting, but these had variable effects on weight in adults with obesity. Combining these BCTs with other self‐regulatory techniques led to increased weight loss. Further, for adults with severe obesity, so‐called 'nudge' techniques and self‐regulatory techniques were associated with greater weight loss. Three reviews also found that while self‐monitoring increased physical activity, behavioral commitments increased changes to dietary behaviors. BCTs were not associated with psychological well‐being. The review confirms that behavioral interventions have an impact in weight management, including for individuals with more complex or severe obesity, but highlights the need for further investigation of their use within clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Co‐production of health and social science research with vulnerable children and young people: A rapid review.
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Erwin, Jo, Burns, Lorna, Devalia, Urshla, Witton, Robert, Shawe, Jill, Wheat, Hannah, Axford, Nick, Doughty, Janine, Kaddour, Sarah, Nelder, Abigail, Brocklehurst, Paul, Boswell, Skye, and Paisi, Martha
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SOCIAL sciences , *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *HEALTH status indicators , *RESEARCH funding , *AT-risk people , *CINAHL database , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *MEDLINE , *MEDICAL research , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *PEOPLE with disabilities , *MEDICAL care costs , *ADOLESCENCE , *CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: The term 'care‐experienced' refers to anyone who is currently in care or has been in care at any stage in their life. A complex interplay of factors leads to care‐experienced children and young people (CECYP) experiencing poorer oral health and access to dental care than their peers. A rapid review of the co‐production of health and social care research with vulnerable children and young people (CYP) was carried out to inform the development of a co‐produced research project exploring the oral health behaviours and access to dental services of CECYP. Here, 'co‐production' refers to the involvement of CYP in the planning or conduct of research with explicit roles in which they generate ideas, evidence and research outputs. Aim: To learn how to meaningfully involve vulnerable CYP in the co‐production of health and social science research. Objectives: To identify: Different approaches to facilitating the engagement of vulnerable CYP in co‐production of health and social science research; different activities carried out in such approaches, challenges to engaging vulnerable CYP in co‐production of health and social science research and ways to overcome them and areas of best practice in relation to research co‐production with vulnerable CYP. Search Strategy: A rapid review of peer‐reviewed articles was conducted in six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, SocINDEX, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Web of Science) and grey literature to identify studies that engaged vulnerable CYP in co‐approaches to health and social research. Main Results: Of 1394 documents identified in the search, 40 were included and analysed. A number of different approaches to co‐production were used in the studies. The CYP was involved in a range of activities, chiefly the development of data collection tools, data collection and dissemination. Individual challenges for CYP and researchers, practical and institutional factors and ethical considerations impacted the success of co‐production. Discussion and Conclusion: Co‐production of health and social science with vulnerable CYP presents challenges to researchers and CYP calling for all to demonstrate reflexivity and awareness of biases, strengths and limitations. Used appropriately and well, co‐production offers benefits to researchers and CYP and can contribute to research that reflects the needs of vulnerable CYP. Adherence to the key principles of inclusion, safeguarding, respect and well‐being facilitates this approach. Patient and Public Contribution: Members of our patient and public involvement and stakeholder groups contributed to the interpretation of the review findings. This manuscript was written together with a young care leaver, Skye Boswell, who is one of the authors. She contributed to the preparation of the manuscript, reviewing the findings and their interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Access to Dental Care for Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers: A Global Scoping Review.
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Erwin, Jo, Horrell, Jane, Wheat, Hannah, Axford, Nick, Burns, Lorna, Booth, Joelle, Witton, Robert, Shawe, Jill, Doughty, Janine, Kaddour, Sarah, Boswell, Skye, Devalia, Urshla, Nelder, Abigail, and Paisi, Martha
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YOUNG adults ,CHILDREN'S dental care ,CARE of people ,DENTAL care ,DENTISTS ,HUMAN Development Index - Abstract
Aims: This scoping review aimed to explore three research questions: 1. What is the dental care access for children and young people (CYP) in care and care leavers? 2. What factors influence CYP in care and care leavers' access to dental care? 3. What pathways have been developed to improve access to oral health care for CYP in care and care leavers? Methods: Five databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, SocINDEX and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source) and grey literature sources were systematically searched. Articles relating to CYP in care or care leavers aged 0–25 years old, published up to January 2023 were included. Abstracts, posters and publications not in the English language were excluded. The data relating to dental care access were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The search identified 942 articles, of which 247 were excluded as duplicates. A review of the titles and abstracts yielded 149 studies. Thirty-eight were eligible for inclusion in the review: thirty-three peer-reviewed articles, one PhD thesis and four grey literature sources. All papers were published from very high or medium Human Development Index countries. The studies indicate that despite having higher treatment needs, CYP in care and care leavers experience greater difficulty in accessing dental services than those not care-experienced. Organisational, psycho-social and logistical factors influence their access to dental care. Their experience of dental care may be impacted by adverse childhood events. Pathways to dental care have been developed, but little is known of their impact on access. There are very few studies that include care leavers. The voices of care-experienced CYP are missing from dental access research. Conclusions: care-experienced CYP are disadvantaged in their access to dental care, and there are significant barriers to their treatment needs being met. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. A Scoping Review of the Oral Health Status, Oral Health Behaviours and Interventions to Improve the Oral Health of Children and Young People in Care and Care Leavers.
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Booth, Joelle, Erwin, Jo, Burns, Lorna, Axford, Nick, Horrell, Jane, Wheat, Hannah, Witton, Robert, Shawe, Jill, Doughty, Janine, Kaddour, Sarah, Boswell, Skye, Devalia, Urshla, Nelder, Abigail, and Paisi, Martha
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YOUNG adults ,HEALTH behavior ,ORAL health ,DENTAL health education ,CHILDREN'S health ,HEALTH self-care - Abstract
Background: Children and young people (CYP) in care experience poorer physical health and overall wellbeing in comparison to their peers. Despite this, relatively little is known about what their oral health needs and behaviours are. The aim of this scoping review was to provide a global perspective on the oral health status and behaviours of CYP in care and care leavers. It also aimed to synthesise interventions that have been trialled in this population to improve oral health. Methods: Five databases were searched, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), SocINDEX (EBSCOhost) and Dentistry and Oral Sciences Source (EBSCOhost), alongside grey literature sources up to January 2023. Eligibility criteria were studies that (i) reported on children and adolescents aged 25 years or younger who are currently in formal/informal foster or residential care and care leavers, (ii) pertained to oral health profile, behaviours or oral health promotion interventions (iii) and were published in the English language. Thematic analysis was used to develop the domains for oral health behaviours and interventions. Results: Seventy-one papers were included. Most papers were published from very high or medium Human Development Index countries. CYP in care were found to experience high levels of decay, dental trauma, periodontal disease and poorer oral health-related quality of life. Oral health behaviours included limited oral health self-care behaviours and a lack of oral health-based knowledge. The trialled interventions involved oral health education, supervised brushing and treatment or preventative dental care. Conclusions: This scoping review reveals that CYP in care experience poorer oral health in comparison to their peers. They are also less likely to carry out oral health self-care behaviours. This review highlights a scarcity of interventions to improve the oral health of this population and a paucity of evidence surrounding the oral health needs of care leavers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Barriers and facilitators to dental care access among asylum seekers and refugees in highly developed countries: a systematic review
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Paisi, Martha, Baines, Rebecca, Burns, Lorna, Plessas, Anastasios, Radford, Philip, Shawe, Jill, and Witton, Robert
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- 2020
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14. Creolizing the canon : engagements with legacy and relation in contemporary postcolonial Caribbean writing
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Burns, Lorna M.
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820.99729 ,PL Languages and literatures of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania ,PN Literature (General) - Abstract
This thesis sets out to investigate the ways in which Caribbean authors have responded to the canonical texts of the coloniser, and how they have rewritten certain genres, modes and the ideological biases that inform them. In Chapter One, the continuing presence of representations of the Caribbean as paradise or Eden – evident, I suggest in my Introduction, in the first works of Caribbean literature, such as James Grainger’s The Sugar-Cane (1764), and later in J. E. C. McFarlane’s ‘My Country’ (1929), Tom Redcam’s ‘My Beautiful Home’ (1929), H. S. Bunbury’s ‘The Spell of the Tropics’ (1929) – is revised in the works of Una Marson, Alejo Carpentier, Aimé Césaire, Édouard Glissant, Gisèle Pineau, and Shani Mootoo; while the more direct canonical rewritings of Maryse Condé and Derek Walcott are the subject of Chapter Four. Behind these readings of the contemporary Caribbean canon lies a fundamental question: what makes these engagements with legacy a postcolonial, rather than counter-colonial, response? In turn, through a critical reading of Peter Hallward’s Absolutely Postcolonial (2001) in Chapter Two, I argue that the postcolonial may be defined as that which is specific to various colonial legacies and histories, but not specified by them. Chapter Four elaborates this model, drawing on Glissant’s The Fourth Century (1997) and David Dabydeen’s ‘Turner’ (1994). Creolization is a cultural, linguistic, ontological, and literary term that focuses on the emergence of a creolized culture/expression/identity/text from the meeting and synthesis of the informing elements. Through the writings of creolization’s foremost theorist, Édouard Glissant, I stress that what results from this form of relation is not a sum of its parts, but a wholly new and original existent. In other words, the process of creolization is distinguished by its ability to affect singular forms that remain specific to the elements which engender it – the social, historical, and geographical contexts elements which engender it – the social, historical, and geographical contexts specific to the site of its articulation – but which, nevertheless, exceeds the limitations of the ‘original’ components. This fundamental contention is developed through my analysis of Glissant’s theoretical expositions, Caribbean Discourse (1981), discussed in Chapter One, and Poetics of Relation (1990) outlined in Chapter Two alongside Glissant’s poetry and the contributions of Peter Hallward and Derek Attridge. Importantly, the distinct model of creolization that emerges at the end of Chapter Two as a process of relation that generates new forms, resonates with the poetics of another celebrated Caribbean author and theorist: Wilson Harris. It is through Harris’s essays and novels such as Jonestown (1996), The Mask of the Beggar (2004), and The Ghost of Memory (2006) that the significance of my reading of creolization to the Caribbean canon becomes clear.
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- 2007
15. World Literature Sickness: Exile and Dissent in Azareen Van der Vliet Oloomi’s <italic>Call Me Zebra</italic>.
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Burns, Lorna
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This article explores “literature sickness”, a term coined by the contemporary Iranian-American writer Azareen Van der Vliet Oloomi and developed, I suggest, in her novel
Call Me Zebra (2018). In doing so, it aims to offer not only an account of this novel, but to consider the radical potential of the condition Van der Vliet Oloomi outlines. This potential lies in the challenge to the dualism of reality and representation posed by literature sickness, an idea I develop comparatively viaCall Me Zebra and the reflections on exile and, specifically, world literature in the work of Edward Said and Erich Auerbach. To develop these ideas further, I explore key concepts relating to the politics of world literature – exile, marginalization, and dissent. I focus on the work of Pascale Casanova to show how the concept of literature sickness that I develop in my readings of the novel relates to current debates in world literature theory. I positionCall Me Zebra within a wider critical debate in order to argue that this novel offers a distinctive response to the Kantian dualism evoked in much contemporary world literature theory, one that I unpack using Gilles Deleuze and Bruno Latour. Deleuze’s philosophy of literature is central to my reading ofCall Me Zebra , as it has distinct parallels with Zebra’s own theoretical musings. I use Deleuze to illustrate how, in the novel, Zebra’s exile gives her an especial perspective on oppression and marginalization, revealing literature’s capacity for imagining new futures and ways of belonging, and makingCall Me Zebra a paradigmatic text of literature sickness and its radical potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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16. Ethnic diversity in academic dentistry in the United Kingdom.
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Burns, Lorna, Coelho, Cathy, and Addy, Amanda
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CULTURAL pluralism , *DENTAL education , *DENTISTRY , *DENTAL research , *EDUCATORS , *OFFICES - Abstract
Careers in academic dentistry are failing to attract a new generation of academics to steer dental education and research. Dental academia is further limited by inadequacies in levels of ethnic diversity. There is a stark contrast between the diversity of graduates entering the dental profession and those in academic positions, especially in senior ranks. Dentistry is not the only field in academia, which lacks representation and lessons may be drawn from other faculties. This paper focuses on what is known about dental academia in the United Kingdom, where there are formal research training pathways. There is an emerging recognition of the requirement for action, and it is hoped this will stimulate debate and impetus for research across Europe. The terminology used throughout this piece follows the United Kingdom Cabinet Office recommendations for writing about ethnicity (Writing about ethnicity, 2021; https://www.ethnicity‐facts‐figures.service.gov.uk/style‐guide/writing‐about‐ethnicity). Where cited sources have employed less acceptable terms (Please don't call me BAME or BME!: Civil service, 2019; https://civilservice.blog.gov.uk/2019/07/08/please‐dont‐call‐me‐bame‐or‐bme/), these have been changed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Progress and challenges in the harmonisation of European undergraduate dental education: A systematic literature review with narrative synthesis.
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Bryce, Marie, Zahra, Daniel, Burns, Lorna, Hanks, Sally, and Gale, Thomas
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DENTAL education ,LITERATURE reviews ,EDUCATIONAL literature ,UNDERGRADUATE education ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,DENTAL students ,NOCEBOS - Abstract
Introduction: Harmonising education to support workforce mobility has been a policy objective for the European Union. However, alignment across varied national contexts presents challenges in dental education. Methods: A systematic literature review with narrative synthesis. Searches of the electronic databases Embase [Ovid]; MEDLINE [Ovid]; Scopus; CINAHL; AMED and PsycINFO were conducted for relevant material published between 2000 and 2019 on undergraduate curricula, quality standards and learning outcomes in dentistry. Results: Seventy‐six papers met the inclusion criteria. Fifty‐three papers were commentaries or editorials, twenty‐one were research studies, and two were literature reviews on specific dental subfields. Eighteen of the research studies reported surveys. The literature contains extensive proposals for undergraduate curricula or learning outcomes, either broadly or for subfields of dentistry. Included papers demonstrated the importance of EU policy and educator‐led initiatives as drivers for harmonisation. There is limited evidence on the extent to which proposed pan‐European curricula or learning outcomes have been implemented. The nature and extent of dental students' clinical experience with patients is an area of variance across European Union member states. Arrangements for the quality assurance of dental education differ between countries. Discussion: Harmonisation of European dental education has engaged educators, as seen in the publication of proposed curricula and learning outcomes. However, differences remain in key areas such as clinical experience with patients, which has serious implications if graduate dentists migrate to countries where different expectations exist. Mutual recognition of professional qualifications between countries relies on education which meets certain standards, but institutional autonomy makes drawing national comparisons problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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18. Mental health and wellbeing interventions in the dental sector: a systematic review
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Plessas, Anastasios, Paisi, Martha, Bryce, Marie, Burns, Lorna, O’brien, Timothy, Hanoch, Yaniv, and Witton, Robert
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Introduction UK dentists experience high levels of stress, anxiety and burnout. Poor mental health can lead practitioners to exit the profession, contributing to workforce and service loss. Therefore, there is a need to focus on interventions to protect the mental health and wellbeing of dental teams. Three levels of intervention can be deployed in the workplace to support mental health and wellbeing: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention. Aim The aim of this systematic review was to identify evidence on interventions used to prevent, improve or tackle mental health issues among dental team members and dental profession students in countries of very high development. Methods This systematic review was conducted according to a predefined protocol and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. The MEDLINE, Embase CINAHL, DOSS, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases were searched. Prospective empirical studies were considered for inclusion. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool (EPHPP) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The identified interventions were categorised according to level of prevention. Results The search yielded 12,919 results. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. All of the studies concerned dentists or dental students. There were no studies for other groups of dental professionals. No primary prevention-level studies were identified. Secondary prevention-level studies (n = 4) included various psychoeducational interventions aiming to raise awareness and improve coping skills and led to significant improvements in stress levels and burnout of dentists and dental students. Tertiary prevention-level studies (n = 4) mainly employed counselling which was shown to be beneficial for dentists and students experiencing psychological ill-health. Conclusions Mental wellbeing awareness should be put at the centre of dental education and the workplace. Leadership and innovation are required to design primary-level interventions which can be implemented in the UK dental sector, with its distinct organisational and service characteristics.
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- 2022
19. MTA or calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping in fully developed permanent teeth: a systematic review.
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Edwards, David Christopher, Burns, Lorna, Witton, Robert, and Tredwin, Christopher
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CALCIUM hydroxide ,MINERAL aggregates ,META-analysis ,PULPING ,TOOTH roots - Abstract
Aim: To systematically review current evidence comparing the use of mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping in permanent teeth with mature root development. Materials and methods: A search of multiple databases was undertaken for randomised controlled trials comparing use of mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping. Other sources, including trial registries and reference lists, were also searched. Three reviewers independently conducted the screening, data extraction and critical appraisal. Following screening, four studies were identified and analysed. Results: Three of the four studies were identified as being at high risk of bias. Two studies reported statistically significant superiority of mineral trioxide aggregate over calcium hydroxide, although one of these studies had the highest risk of bias. Two studies demonstrated the superiority of mineral trioxide aggregate over calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping, which was not statistically significant. Conclusions: There is evidence from the randomised controlled trials that mineral trioxide aggregate performs better than calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping of permanent teeth with complete root development following pulp exposure during caries removal, but not in cases of iatrogenic or traumatic exposures. This supports the European Society of Endodontology 2019 position statement on the management of deep caries and the exposed pulp. There are indications that the superiority of mineral trioxide aggregate over calcium hydroxide for direct pulp capping becomes more pronounced over time; the need for longer-term studies is questionable given the weight of evidence already available from short- to medium-term randomised controlled trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
20. 'Politicising Paradise: Sites of Resistance in Cereus Blooms at Night'
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Burns, Lorna
- Published
- 2011
21. Becoming-Bertha: Virtual Difference and Repetition in Postcolonial 'Writing Back', a Deleuzian Reading of Jean Rhys's "Wide Sargasso Sea"
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Burns, Lorna
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- 2010
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22. Landscape and Genre in the Caribbean Canon: Creolizing the Poetics of Place and Paradise
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Burns, Lorna
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- 2008
23. Use of Health Related Quality of Life in Clinical Trials for Severe Asthma: A Systematic Review
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Lanario,Joseph W and Burns,Lorna
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Journal of Asthma and Allergy ,humanities ,respiratory tract diseases - Abstract
Joseph W Lanario, Lorna Burns Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UKCorrespondence: Joseph W Lanario Email joseph.lanario@plymouth.ac.ukBackground: Asthma Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is an outcome important to patients with severe asthma and can provide clinicians with additional insight into the benefits of treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to examine the use and reporting of HRQoL questionnaires within randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of biologics, fevipiprant and bronchial thermoplasty.Methods: We followed the guidelines on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Of the 2380 retrieved articles, 52 studies were identified for inclusion.Results: Sixty-three percent included an asthma HRQoL questionnaire. It was a secondary outcome in the majority of cases (73%). The proportion of studies including an asthma HRQoL questionnaire did not change significantly over a 20-year period. While the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) was used in 45% of studies, 55% used a variety of 4 questionnaires. Most (70%) of the studies that included a HRQoL questionnaire did not report its subscale scores. Approximately half (52%) of studies that used HRQoL reported this in the abstract of the paper. A higher proportion of studies used an asthma control questionnaire compared to a HRQoL questionnaire (71% vs 63%).Conclusion: In order to increase the use of asthma HRQoL questionnaires in RCTs of severe asthma treatments, the drivers and barriers to their use must first be understood. At present, the patientsâ perspective is underrepresented in RCTs of biologics, fevipiprant and bronchial thermoplasty for severe asthma.Keywords: severe asthma, quality of life, systematic review
- Published
- 2021
24. Factors influencing oral health behaviours, access and delivery of dental care for autistic children and adolescents: A mixed‐methods systematic review.
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Erwin, Jo, Paisi, Martha, Neill, Sarah, Burns, Lorna, Vassallo, Isaac, Nelder, Abigail, Facenfield, Jemma, Devalia, Urshla, Vassallo, Tara, and Witton, Robert
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PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,HEALTH services accessibility ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,ORAL health ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL care ,DENTAL care ,AUTISM in adolescence ,AUTISM in children ,HEALTH behavior ,QUALITY assurance ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MEDLINE ,GREY literature - Abstract
Background: Autistic children and young people (CYP) experience oral health (OH) inequalities. They are at high risk of dental disease and show significant levels of unmet need in relation to OH and access to dental care. Aim: This study aimed to gather evidence on the factors that influence OH behaviours, access to and delivery of dental care for autistic CYP. Design: This was a mixed‐methods narrative systematic review. Data Sources: Embase, Web of Science, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, MEDLINE, Psychinfo, Scopus, CINAHL, SocINDEX and grey literature were the data sources for this study. Review Methods: A systematic search was conducted for qualitative, quantitative and mixed‐methods research studies from countries with a High Development Index that related to OH behaviours, access to and delivery of dental care for autistic CYP. Results were analysed using narrative synthesis. Results: From 59 eligible studies, 9 themes were generated: (1) affordability and accessibility; (2) autism‐related factors and cognitive or motor skill differences; (3) the dental environment; (4) managing CYP's behaviour; (5) responding and adapting to the needs of the autistic CYP and their parent/carer; (6) attitude of dental health professionals (DHPs) towards autistic CYP and their parents/carers; (7) knowledge of how to care for and support CYP's OH; (8) empowerment of parents/carers and collaboration with DHPs; and (9) communication and building rapport. Conclusion: The adoption of healthy OH behaviours and access to dental care by autistic CYP is impacted by a range of factors including those intrinsically related to a diagnosis of autism, for example, communication and those often associated with autism, for example, sensory sensitivities. Access to better OH and dental care can be facilitated by responding to the individual needs of autistic CYP through accommodation, education and adaptation. This necessitates greater awareness and knowledge of autism amongst DHPs and the provision of appropriate services. More methodologically robust intervention studies are needed to identify effective ways to support autistic CYP in achieving good OH and access to dental care. Patient and Public Contribution: The review protocol was developed with members of the project patient and public involvement group who provided the autistic voice, contributing to the interpretation of the review findings and writing of the manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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25. Effect of treating carious teeth on children’s and adolescents’ anthropometric outcomes: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
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Paisi, Martha, Plessas, Anastasios, Pampaka, Despina, Burns, Lorna, and Witton, Robert V.
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Dental caries ,Systematic review ,Clinical Medicine ,Child development ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Dental care for children - Abstract
Objective: To examine the impact of treating carious teeth on children’s and adolescents’ anthropometric outcomes. Basic research design: Four electronic databases and four electronic clinical trials registries were searched. Two reviewers independently conducted the screening, data extraction and critical appraisal. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomised Controlled Trials was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Results: The searches yielded 399 potential studies. Following deduplication and screening of the papers, four were considered eligible for inclusion of which two referred to the same study. None of the included studies was found to have a high risk of bias in any of the domains. However, performance bias was deemed of unclear risk in all studies. One of the studies found that following extraction of pulpally involved teeth, underweight children exhibited a statistically significant improvement in their weight-for-age (change in mean=0.26; p
- Published
- 2020
26. Barriers and facilitators to hepatitis C screening and treatment for people with lived experience of homelessness: A mixed‐methods systematic review.
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Paisi, Martha, Crombag, Neeltje, Burns, Lorna, Bogaerts, Annick, Withers, Lyndsey, Bates, Laura, Crowley, Daniel, Witton, Robert, and Shawe, Jill
- Subjects
HEPATITIS C treatment ,HEPATITIS C diagnosis ,CINAHL database ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDICAL screening ,EXPERIENCE ,HOMELESSNESS ,MEDLINE ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Background: People experiencing homelessness have an increased risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with rates higher than the general population. However, their access to HCV diagnosis is limited and treatment uptake is low. Objectives: To identify and describe the barriers and facilitators for HCV screening and treatment for adults with lived experience of homelessness in highly developed countries. Methods: Bibliographic databases (Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL and SocINDEX) and grey literature (Google, EThOS, the Health Foundation, Social Care Online, the World Health Organisation, Shelter, Crisis and Pathway) were searched. Two reviewers independently screened and appraised all studies. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool and the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist were used. The analysis involved a three‐stage process: coding, theme generation and theme mapping under Penchansky and Thomas's modified access model. Results: Twelve papers/reports were included in the review. Several interacting factors influence access of people with lived experience of homelessness to HCV testing and treatment. Some mirror those identified for the general population. The precarious conditions associated with the lived experience of homelessness along with the rigidity of hospital settings and lack of awareness emerged as dominant barriers. Flexibility, outreach, effective communication, tailoring and integration of services were found to be important facilitators. Evidence from Black, Asian and minority ethnic groups is limited. Conclusions: People experiencing homelessness face multiple barriers in accessing and completing HCV treatment, relating to both their lived experience and characteristics of health systems. Although some barriers are readily amenable to change, others are more difficult to modify. The facilitators identified could inform future targeted measures to improve HCV diagnosis and treatment for people experiencing homelessness. Research is warranted into successful models to promote screening, diagnosis and treatment. Patient or Public Contribution: Our team includes a peer advocate, a hepatology nurse and a community volunteer, all with significant experience in promoting and engaging in HCV care and outreach for people experiencing homelessness. They contributed to the protocol, interpretation and reporting of the review findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. World Literature and Dissent
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna and Muth, Katie
- Subjects
Anthologies: general ,Literature: history and criticism ,bic Book Industry Communication::D Literature & literary studies::DQ Anthologies (non-poetry) ,bic Book Industry Communication::D Literature & literary studies::DS Literature: history & criticism - Abstract
World Literature and Dissent reconsiders the role of dissent in contemporary global literature. Bringing together scholars of world and postcolonial literatures, the contributors explore the aesthetics of resistance through concepts including the epistemology of ignorance, the rhetoric of innocence, the subversion of paying attention, and the radical potential of everydayness. Addressing a broad range of examples, from the Maghrebian humanist Ibn Khaldūn to India’s Facebook poets and examining writers such as Langston Hughes, Ben Okri, Sara Uribe, and Merle Collins, this highly relevant book reframes the field of world literature in relation to dissenting politics and aesthetic. It asks the urgent question: how critical practice might cultivate radical thought, further social justice, and value human expression?
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Pathogenesis of bovine pediculosis on calves : Linognathus vituli (Linn), the long-nosed sucking louse
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna Margaret
- Subjects
577 - Abstract
The literature relating to the effects of pediculosis on cattle, particularly classification and general biology, lifecycles, distribution of louse eggs on host pelage, feeding mechanisms, seasonal changes affecting host pelage, effect on host blood profile, effect on host liveweight gains, control methods, effects of host grooming and effect on host skin, have been reviewed. Blood profiles and liveweight gains were followed in two experiments using housed calves. Blood sampling was carried out every 14 days along with the weights of the animals being noted. The blood samples were used to determine red blood cell count, white blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, reticulocyte counts, eosinophil counts, total serum protein determination and total serum albumin determination. Lice counts were also conducted on the blood sampling days. This consisted of parting the hair five times on the shoulders of each calf and counting the number of lice revealed at each hair parting. In experiment A there were significantly greater values in the louse infested calves for haemoglobin concentration (10 weeks of age), lymphocyte count (7 weeks) and monocyte counts (30 weeks) with significantly lower values for monocyte counts (6 weeks), serum albumin determination (20 weeks) and weight (8 weeks). For experiment B significantly greater values for the infested animals were observed for leucocyte counts (7 and 8 weeks), monocyte counts (8 weeks), reticulocyte counts (7 weeks) and total serum protein (22 weeks) with significantly lower values for lymphocyte counts (24 weeks) and erythrocyte counts (12 weeks). However, all of the significant results for both experiments fell within the accepted normal range observed by Schalm, Jain and Carroll (1975) for normal animals. There was only one occasion when weight gain was significantly lower in the infested calves which occurred at 8 weeks in experiment A. The lice population was found to be slight throughout the duration of the experiments with only a few Isolated Instances of moderate or severe counts being noted. Due to the infestation being slight there was no overall significant effect on the blood profile or liveweight gains in the calves infested with L. vituli lice. The blood content of lice was investigated using 51Cr, 59Fe and 125I radioactive isotopes. Each animal received 15 MBq 51Cr, 15 MBq and 125I and 12 MBq 59Fe using a jugular catheterisation technique. Blood samples were taken at regular intervals. Blood and plasma were prepared from each of the blood samples for radioactivity determination. Packed cell volume was also measured from each of the blood samples with serum albumin, protein and iron determinations also being made. All faeces produced over a 24 hour period were weighed and random duplicate (8) 10 g samples taken for radioactivity determination. Urine produced over a 24 hour period was also collected and weighed with random, duplicate (2) samples taken for radioactivity determination. On the last two days of the experiment 600 lice were manually removed from each infested animal, weighed and their radioactivity determined. Using these radioisotopes circulating red cell volumes and plasma volumes were not significantly different between infested and control calves so ensuring that the total blood volume in infested calves was not significantly different from control animals.
- Published
- 1989
29. Guided tissue regeneration techniques involving blood-derived products in periradicular surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
- Author
-
Baniulyte, Gabriele, Ali, Kamran, and Burns, Lorna
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Oral care experiences of palliative care patients, their relatives/carers and healthcare professionals.
- Author
-
Delgado, Maria Bernardes, Plessas, Anastasios, Burns, Lorna, Neilens, Helen, Griffiths, Sarah, and Latour, Jos
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,CAREGIVERS ,ORAL hygiene ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,ORAL health ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,FAMILY relations ,PSYCHOLOGY of the terminally ill ,MEDLINE ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,AMED (Information retrieval system) - Abstract
Aim: To explore the oral care experiences of palliative care patients and of those who support or deliver oral care to these patients: nurses, doctors, dentists, their relatives and carers. Data Sources: An electronic search of the databases included: Embase, MEDLINE, DOSS, AMED and PsycINFO was performed. Data selection: Six articles were included in the final synthesis. Data extraction: Thematic analysis was applied by two researchers. Data synthesis: Three themes were identified: 'performing oral care', 'effects on oral health' and 'challenges in palliative care'. Conclusions: Despite similarities of oral care experiences, this review identified some differences, crucially in terms of the wider impact of oral symptoms, namely social interactions with others and challenges to oral care. This confirms the need to investigate these topics further in relation to different stakeholders, such as nurses; and to have consistent guidance to facilitate the provision of effective oral care to palliative care patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Evaluation of the maternal and neonatal effects of the oxytocin antagonist, atosiban, in a cross-fostering study in rats
- Author
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McAnulty, Peter A. and Burns, Lorna M.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Systematic review and evidence synthesis of non-cervical human papillomavirus-related disease health system costs and quality of life estimates
- Author
-
Ong, Koh Jun, Checchi, Marta, Burns, Lorna, Pavitt, Charlotte, Postma, Maarten J, and Jit, Mark
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many economic evaluations of human papillomavirus vaccination should ideally consider multiple disease outcomes, including anogenital warts, respiratory papillomatosis and non-cervical cancers (eg, anal, oropharyngeal, penile, vulvar and vaginal cancers). However, published economic evaluations largely relied on estimates from single studies or informal rapid literature reviews. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of articles up to June 2016 to identify costs and utility estimates admissible for an economic evaluation from a single-payer healthcare provider's perspective. Meta-analyses were performed for studies that used same utility elicitation tools for similar diseases. Costs were adjusted to 2016/2017 US$. RESULTS: Sixty-one papers (35 costs; 24 utilities; 2 costs and utilities) were selected from 10 742 initial records. Cost per case ranges were US$124-US$883 (anogenital warts), US$6912-US$52 579 (head and neck cancers), US$12 936-US$51 571 (anal cancer), US$17 524-34 258 (vaginal cancer), US$14 686-US$28 502 (vulvar cancer) and US$9975-US$27 629 (penile cancer). The total cost for 14 adult patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis was US$137 601 (one paper).Utility per warts episode ranged from 0.651 to 1 (12 papers, various utility elicitation methods), with pooled mean EQ-5D and EQ-VAS of 0.86 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.87) and 0.74 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.75), respectively. Fifteen papers reported utilities in head and neck cancers with range 0.29 (95% CI 0.0 to 0.76) to 0.94 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.0). Mean utility reported ranged from 0.5 (95% CI 0.4 to 0.61) to 0.65 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.75) (anal cancer), 0.59 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.64) (vaginal cancer), 0.65 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.70) (vulvar cancer) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.84) (penile cancer). CONCLUSIONS: Differences in values reported from each paper reflect variations in cancer site, disease stages, study population, treatment modality/setting and utility elicitation methods used. As patient management changes over time, corresponding effects on both costs and utility need to be considered to ensure health economic assumptions are up-to-date and closely reflect the case mix of patients.
- Published
- 2018
33. Barriers and enablers to accessing dental services for people experiencing homelessness: A systematic review.
- Author
-
Paisi, Martha, Kay, Elizabeth, Plessas, Anastasios, Burns, Lorna, Quinn, Cath, Brennan, Nicola, and White, Sandra
- Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility ,CINAHL database ,DENTAL care ,HOMELESS persons ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDLINE ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and conceptualize the barriers and enablers to accessing dental services for people experiencing homelessness in the United Kingdom. Methods: A literature search for studies relevant to homelessness and dental care was conducted. The PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines were followed. Electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, DOSS, CINAHL, SOCINDEX and PsycINFO) and grey literature sources (Electronic Theses Online Service – EThOS, Kings Fund, NICE Evidence, Open Grey, Google and the Health Foundation) were searched up to 28 August 2018. The critical appraisal was conducted using CASP and an adjusted version of a JBI Critical Appraisal tool. Thematic analysis was used to develop the themes and domains. Results: Twenty‐eight papers were included. Barriers to homeless people accessing dental care stemmed both from the lived experience of homelessness and the healthcare system. Within homelessness, the themes identified included complexity, emotions and knowledge. Regarding the healthcare system, identified themes included staff encounter, accessibility and organization issues. Conclusion: Homelessness can actively contribute to both an increased need for dental care and barriers to accessing that care. The arrangement of dental healthcare services can also act as barriers to care. This is the first systematic review to conceptualize the factors associated with access to dental care for people who are homeless. It provides a set of recommendations for overcoming the main barriers for homeless people to accessing dental care. It also offers directions for future research, policy and commissioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Systematic review and evidence synthesis of non-cervical human papillomavirus-related disease health system costs and quality of life estimates.
- Author
-
Ong, Koh Jun, Checchi, Marta, Burns, Lorna, Pavitt, Charlotte, Postma, Maarten J., and Jit, Mark
- Subjects
PAPILLOMAVIRUS disease prevention ,ANAL diseases ,COST effectiveness ,FEMALE reproductive organ diseases ,MALE reproductive organ diseases ,GENITAL warts ,HEAD tumors ,MEDICAL care costs ,NECK tumors ,PAPILLOMAVIRUS diseases ,QUALITY of life ,RESPIRATORY infections ,VAGINAL tumors ,VULVAR tumors ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,HUMAN papillomavirus vaccines ,PENILE tumors ,ANAL tumors ,PREVENTION ,VACCINATION ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Background: Many economic evaluations of human papillomavirus vaccination should ideally consider multiple disease outcomes, including anogenital warts, respiratory papillomatosis and non-cervical cancers (eg, anal, oropharyngeal, penile, vulvar and vaginal cancers). However, published economic evaluations largely relied on estimates from single studies or informal rapid literature reviews.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of articles up to June 2016 to identify costs and utility estimates admissible for an economic evaluation from a single-payer healthcare provider's perspective. Meta-analyses were performed for studies that used same utility elicitation tools for similar diseases. Costs were adjusted to 2016/2017 US$.Results: Sixty-one papers (35 costs; 24 utilities; 2 costs and utilities) were selected from 10 742 initial records. Cost per case ranges were US$124-US$883 (anogenital warts), US$6912-US$52 579 (head and neck cancers), US$12 936-US$51 571 (anal cancer), US$17 524-34 258 (vaginal cancer), US$14 686-US$28 502 (vulvar cancer) and US$9975-US$27 629 (penile cancer). The total cost for 14 adult patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis was US$137 601 (one paper).Utility per warts episode ranged from 0.651 to 1 (12 papers, various utility elicitation methods), with pooled mean EQ-5D and EQ-VAS of 0.86 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.87) and 0.74 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.75), respectively. Fifteen papers reported utilities in head and neck cancers with range 0.29 (95% CI 0.0 to 0.76) to 0.94 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.0). Mean utility reported ranged from 0.5 (95% CI 0.4 to 0.61) to 0.65 (95% CI 0.45 to 0.75) (anal cancer), 0.59 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.64) (vaginal cancer), 0.65 (95% CI 0.60 to 0.70) (vulvar cancer) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.84) (penile cancer).Conclusions: Differences in values reported from each paper reflect variations in cancer site, disease stages, study population, treatment modality/setting and utility elicitation methods used. As patient management changes over time, corresponding effects on both costs and utility need to be considered to ensure health economic assumptions are up-to-date and closely reflect the case mix of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Autofiction and Advocacy in the Francophone Caribbean Renee Larrier
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna Margaret
- Published
- 2008
36. Navigating Differential Futures; (Un)making Colonial Pasts
- Author
-
Kaiser, B.M., Burns, Lorna, Kaiser, Birgit, LS Algemene Literatuurwetenschap, and ICON - Modern and Contemporary Literature
- Subjects
Taverne ,Overig maatschappelijk onderzoek ,Literary theory, analysis and criticism ,Specialized histories (international relations, law) ,Preprint ,Culturele activiteiten - Published
- 2012
37. Creolization and the collective unconscious: locating the originality of art in Wilson Harris' Jonestown, The Mask of the Beggar and The Ghost of Memory
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna Margaret and University of St Andrews. School of English
- Subjects
PN0080 Criticism ,PN0080 ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries) ,PR - Abstract
Alongside the essays and fiction of Edouard Glissant, Wilson Harris's writings stand as one of the most important contributions to Caribbean creolization theory. Drawing from the philosophical projects of both authors, this essay argues that while creolization has typically been cast as a process of cultural, linguistic, and racial mixing akin to hybridity, it should, rather, be understood as providing a paradigm for the shifting structural relations necessary for the generation of genuinely original forms. As such, it has great significance for imaginative and literary production, and provides a framework for my readings of Harris's novels, Jonestown (1996), The Mask of the Beggar (2003), and The Ghost of Memory (2006), which explore the creative potential of creolization as a dialogue between consciousness and, what Jung and Harris refer to as, the collective unconsciousness. This essay brings into focus Harris's use of Jungian-inspired concepts, such as archetypes and the collective unconscious, in a development of creolization theory as a imaginative response to historical trauma and the generation of originality in art.
- Published
- 2008
38. Postcolonial Singularity and a World Literature Yet-to-Come.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna
- Subjects
- *
POSTCOLONIALISM , *POSTCOLONIAL analysis , *LITERATURE - Abstract
This article considers the challenge posed by Gayatri Spivak to rethink world literature along postcolonial lines as an ethical encounter with alterity. Read in this way, Spivak participates in a reframing of world literature that retains the critical gains made by postcolonial theory and suggests that the work of world literary analysis ought not necessarily be de/prescriptive (classifying and ordering) but might involve a contestation of the power relations that structure the world. In developing this argument, I draw on four further perspectives: Pascale Casanova's problematic assertion of literary singularity inThe World Republic of Letters; Fredric Jameson's theorization of “third world literature” as counterpoint to Casanova's limiting understanding of national literature; Gilles Deleuze, who offers a way to rethink world literature in a process of becoming; and Édouard Glissant, whose work proposes a “relational” vision of difference that, like that of Spivak, demands an ethical, imaginative response to literature as literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Patriarchy and Paradise: Celebrating Macadam Dreams.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna
- Abstract
The article focuses on the presentation of patriarchy and paradise in the Caribbean as themes in the novel "Macadam Dreams," by Gisèle Pineau. The author said that the novel depicts paradise and idealism to create a link between the devastation caused by a cyclone and violent experiences of rape and incest victims. The heroines in the novel demonstrated poor response to the aftermath of the disaster and violence. She also related the importance of rebuilding one's life through the character of Eliette's godmother Anoncia.
- Published
- 2007
40. Philosophy of the imagination: time, immanence and the events that wound us in Wilson Harris’s Jonestown.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna
- Subjects
IMAGINATION ,PHILOSOPHY ,RECREATION ,POSTCOLONIAL analysis ,COLONIAL administration - Abstract
In his fictional recreation of the People’s Temple massacre,Jonestown, Harris presents us with a protagonist who counter-actualizes the trauma that wounds him, living creatively out of the event and constructing an alternative present-future. Drawing on Deleuzian philosophy, this essay argues for a re-conceptualization ofJonestownin terms that evoke not only Deleuze’s philosophy of time and immanence but also his distinction, via Nietzsche, between active and reactive forces. By means of a character (Francisco Bone) who embraces the power of transformation, creation and difference-in-itself, Harris demonstrates the value of active forces that do not depend on external recognition or dialectical negation in order to be for a postcolonial philosophy of the imagination. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Revisionary “-scapes” of globality in the work of Wilson Harris: introduction.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna and Knepper, Wendy
- Subjects
POSTCOLONIAL literature ,POETICS ,PHILOSOPHY in literature - Abstract
The article reports on writing style of a writer Wilson Harris from Guyana and discusses his work on emerging debates about globalizing world and postcolonial literatures. It explores the relational, pluralistic approach to both spatial and temporal imaginaries that Harris has developed in his poetics and philosophy. It informs that mutualities of living and textual landscapes frequently surfaces in Harris's fiction.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Uncovering the marvellous: Surrealism and the writings of Wilson Harris.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna
- Subjects
SURREALISM ,CARIBBEAN literature ,IMMANENCE (Philosophy) - Abstract
To date, critical analyses of the impact of surrealism on the development of Caribbean literature have tended to restrict their focus to the francophone Caribbean. This article outlines the wider dissemination of surrealism through a focus on the writings of Wilson Harris. Harris's appropriation of a number of surrealist tropes is revealed through a comparative reading of his novels Palace of the Peacock and The Ghost of Memory with Pierre Mabille's surrealist work Mirror of the Marvellous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Becoming-postcolonial, becoming-Caribbean: Edouard Glissant and the poetics of creolization.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna
- Subjects
- *
CARIBBEAN people , *CREOLE dialects , *19TH century English literature , *POSTCOLONIALISM , *ETYMOLOGY , *INTERRACIAL adoption , *CULTURAL fusion , *EUROPEAN philosophy , *IMMANENCE (Philosophy) - Abstract
The article focuses on the disparate culture experienced by the Caribbean population and creates discussions on creolization. It states that creolization is rooted in the New World and distinct from hybridity's problematic associations with Victorian theories of inter-racial mixing. It also explores the critical application of the term through writings of creolization's contemporary theorists and exposes its processes to reveal its relevance to European philosophies of immanence. It suggests that the link to creolization theory is vital and postcolonial identities are produced through creolization.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Factors Influencing Oral Health Behaviours, Access and Provision of Dental Care for Autistic Children and Adolescents in Countries with a Very High Human Development Index: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Systematic Review.
- Author
-
Erwin, Jo, Paisi, Martha, Witton, Robert, Neill, Sarah, Burns, Lorna, Vassallo, Isaac, Nelder, Abigail, Facenfield, Jemma, Devalia, Urshla, and Vassallo, Tara
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. World Literature and Dissent (Edition 1)
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna and Muth, Katie
- Subjects
Literary Collections ,Literary Criticism - Abstract
World Literature and Dissent reconsiders the role of dissent in contemporary global literature. Bringing together scholars of world and postcolonial literatures, the contributors explore the aesthetics of resistance through concepts including the epistemology of ignorance, the rhetoric of innocence, the subversion of paying attention, and the radical potential of everydayness. Addressing a broad range of examples, from the Maghrebian humanist Ibn Khaldūn to India’s Facebook poets and examining writers such as Langston Hughes, Ben Okri, Sara Uribe, and Merle Collins, this highly relevant book reframes the field of world literature in relation to dissenting politics and aesthetic. It asks the urgent question: how critical practice might cultivate radical thought, further social justice, and value human expression?
- Published
- 2019
46. The Consumption of Coffee and Tea in Canada and the United States
- Author
-
BURNS, LORNA, LITTLE, J.ALICK, and SHANOFF, HENRY M.
- Published
- 1966
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. BOOK REVIEW.
- Author
-
Burns, Lorna
- Subjects
- *
BEHAVIOR therapy , *NONFICTION - Abstract
The article reviews the book "Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Acute Inpatient Mental Health Units," edited by Isabel Clarke and Hannah Wilson.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Title redacted
- Author
-
Day, Aaron and Burns, Lorna
- Subjects
PN3352.A52D2 - Published
- 2020
49. How prepared are newly qualified allied health professionals for practice in the UK? A systematic review.
- Author
-
Brennan N, Burns L, Mattick K, Mitchell A, Henderson T, Walker K, and Gale T
- Subjects
- Humans, United Kingdom, Allied Health Personnel education, Clinical Competence
- Abstract
Objectives: It is important that allied health professionals (AHPs) are prepared for clinical practice from the very start of their working lives to provide quality care for patients, for their personal well-being and for retention of the workforce. The aim of this study was to understand how well newly qualified AHPs were prepared for practice in the UK., Design: Systematic review., Data Sources: Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, ERIC and BEI were searched from 2012 to 2024. Grey literature searching and citation chasing were also conducted., Eligibility Criteria: We included primary studies reporting the preparedness for practice of UK graduates across 15 professions; all study types; participants included graduates who were up to 2 years postgraduation, their supervisors, trainers, practice educators and employers; and all outcome measures., Data Extraction and Synthesis: A standardised data extraction form was used. Studies were quality assessed using the Quality Appraisal for Diverse Studies tool. 10% of articles were independently double-screened, extracted and quality assessed; 90% was completed by one researcher., Results: 14 reports were included (9 qualitative, 3 mixed-method and 2 quantitative). Six papers focused on radiographers, three on a mixture of professions, two on paramedics, and one each on physiotherapists, clinical psychologists and orthotists. An important finding of the review is the paucity and low-medium quality of research on the topic. The narrative synthesis tentatively suggests that graduates are adequately prepared for practice with different professions having different strengths and weaknesses. Common areas of underpreparedness across the professions were responsibility and decision-making, leadership and research. Graduates were generally well prepared in terms of their knowledge base., Conclusion: High-quality in-depth research is urgently needed across AHPs to elucidate the specific roles, their nuances and the areas of underpreparedness. Further work is also needed to understand the transition into early clinical practice, ongoing learning opportunities through work, and the supervision and support structures in place., Prospero Registration Number: CRD42022382065., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Loneliness and social networks of older adults in rural communities: a narrative synthesis systematic review.
- Author
-
Hussain B, Mirza M, Baines R, Burns L, Stevens S, Asthana S, and Chatterjee A
- Subjects
- Humans, Aged, Rural Population, Social Isolation psychology, Social Networking, Loneliness psychology, Quality of Life psychology
- Abstract
Introduction: Loneliness has significant impacts on the health of older adults. Social networks help to improve psychosocial and quality of life outcomes among older adults. A fifth of older adults live in rural communities, where geographic isolation poses challenges to health. The dynamics of social networks of older adults in rural communities has not been explored., Objective: To synthesize the literature related to loneliness and social networks of older adults in rural settings., Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted through searching six bibliographic databases to retrieve peer-reviewed literature with no time limits. We performed a methodological assessment of each study using a mixed method quality assessment tool. Findings are synthesized thematically., Results: A total of 50 studies (32 quantitative, 15 qualitative, and 3 mixed methods) were included in this review. Studies were conducted in 17 different countries, the majority from China ( n = 12), the UK ( n = 9), and USA ( n = 9). Findings revealed that social networks of older adults consist of family, friends and neighbors and continue to be developed through participation in various physical and social activities such as walking groups and participation in religious events. Social networks offer informational, functional, psychological and social support to older adults. Through their social networks, older adults feel socially connected and cared for. Successful interventions to improve social networks and address loneliness were those developed in groups or one-on-one with the older adults. The key ingredient to the positive impact of these interventions on reducing social isolation and loneliness was the formation of a social connection and regular engagement with the older adults. However, the review did not find any explicitly reported theory or model on which these interventions are based., Conclusion: The prevalence of loneliness among older adults in rural areas needs urgent attention. Social network theory and methods can help in developing interventions to address social isolation and loneliness among older adults in rural communities., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Hussain, Mirza, Baines, Burns, Stevens, Asthana and Chatterjee.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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