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Abstract Background The optimal treatment for aortic thrombus remains to be determined, but surgical treatment is indicated when there is a risk for thromboembolism. Case presentation A 47-year-old male presented with weakness in his left arm upon awakening. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and transesophageal echocardiography revealed a mobile pedunculated object suggestive of a thrombus arising from the ascending aorta and extending to the left common carotid artery. It was removed under hypothermic circulatory arrest and direct cannulation of the left carotid artery to avoid carotid thromboembolism. Histopathological examination revealed that the object was a thrombus. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was discharged 9 days after surgery. Conclusion When a thrombus in the aortic arch extends to the neck arteries, direct cannulation of the neck arteries with selective cerebral perfusion via cervical incision is a useful technique.

In recent years, there has been considerable research into functional materials inspired by living things. Much attention has been paid to the development of adhesive materials that mimic the adhesive proteins secreted by a mussel’s foot. These mussel-inspired materials have superior adhesiveness to various adherents owing to the non-covalent interactions of their polyphenolic moieties, e.g., hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and even hydrophobic interactions. Various factors significantly affect the adhesiveness of mussel-inspired polymers, such as the molecular weight, cross-linking density, and composition ratio of the components, as well as the chemical structure of the polyphenolic adhesive moieties, such as l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-Dopa). However, the contributions of the position and distribution of the adhesive moiety in mussel-inspired polymers are often underestimated. In the present study, we prepared a series of mussel-inspired alkyl methacrylate copolymers by controlling the position and distribution of the adhesive moiety, which are known as “forced gradient copolymers”. We used a newly designed gallic-acid-bearing methacrylate (GMA) as the polyphenolic adhesive moiety and copolymerized it with 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate (EHMA). The resulting forced gradient adhesive copolymer of GMA and EHMA (poly(GMA-co-EHMA), Poly1) was subjected to adhesion and dispersion tests with an aluminum substrate and a BaTiO3 nanoparticle in organic solvents, respectively. In particular, this study aims to clarify how the monomer position and distribution of the adhesive moiety in the mussel-inspired polymer affect its adhesion and dispersion behavior on a flat metal oxide surface and spherical inorganic oxide surfaces of several tens of nanometers in diameter, respectively. Here, forced gradient copolymer Poly1 consisted of a homopolymer moiety of EHMA (Poly3) and a random copolymer moiety of EHMA and GMA (Poly4). The composition ratio of GMA and the molecular weight were kept constant among the Poly1 series. Simultaneous control of the molecular lengths of Poly3 and Poly4 allowed us to discuss the effects on the distribution of GMA in Poly1. Poly1 exhibited apparent distribution dependency with regard to the adhesiveness and the dispersibility of BaTiO3. Poly1 showed the highest adhesion strength when the composition ratio of GMA was approximately 9 mol% in the portion of the Poly4 segment. In contrast, the block copolymer consisting of the Poly3 segment and Poly4 segment with only adhesive moiety 1 showed the lowest viscosity for dispersion of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. These results indicate that copolymers with mussel-inspired adhesive motifs require the proper design of the monomer position and distribution in Poly1 according to the shape and characteristics of the adherend to maximize their functionality. This research will facilitate the rational design of bio-inspired adhesive materials derived from plants that outperform natural materials, and it will eventually contribute to a sustainable circular economy.

In the title compound, C35H28O6·C7H8, the dihedral angle between the mean planes through the naphthalene ring systems of the dibenzo[a,g]fluorene moiety is 22.44 (3)°. The aromatic ring system of the naphthalenone unit is approximately perpendicular to the mean plane of the five-membered ring, forming a dihedral angle of 87.51 (5)°. An intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond is observed. In the crystal, pairs of C—H...π interactions link the molecules, forming inversion dimers.

In the title compound, C23H18O3, the dihedral angle between the two naphthalene ring systems is 78.02 (3)°. The bridging carbonyl C—C(=O)—C plane makes a dihedral angle of 70.56 (5)° with the naphthalene ring system in the 2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene moiety and a dihedral angle of 11.53 (5)° with the naphthalene ring system in the naphthoyl group. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked via C—H...π interactions, forming chains along [010].

In the title molecule, C23H18O3, the dihedral angle between the two naphthalene ring systems is 80.44 (4)°. The mean plane of the bridging carbonyl C—C(=O)—C group makes a torsion angle of −68.55 (17)° with the naphthalene system of the 2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene unit and a torsion angle of −9.01 (19)° with the naphthalene ring system of the naphthoyl group. In the crystal, a weak C—H...O hydrogen bond occurs between the carbonyl O atom and an H atom of the naphthalene ring in the 2,7-dimethoxynaphthalene unit of a symmetry-related molecule.

In the title compound, C19H15FO3, the dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 80.46 (4)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds into chains parallel to the b axis.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C26H20O4, contains two independent conformers. The aromatic rings of the aroyl groups are twisted with respect to the naphthalene ring systems to form dihedral angles of 66.58 (6) and 66.45 (6)° in one conformer, and 75.00 (7) and 81.17 (6)° in the other conformer. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds and by C—H...π interactions.

In the title compound, C19H14ClNO5, the aroyl group is attached to the naphthalene ring system with a non-coplanar configuration. The dihedral angle between naphthalene ring system and benzene ring is 70.62 (6)°. The nitro group is oriented in parallel with the adjacent carbonyl plane. The torsion angle of the carbonyl group and naphthalene ring is 54.68 (19)° (C—C—C—O), and that of nitro group and naphthalene ring is 54.26 (18)° (O—N—C—C). In the crystal, π–π interactions between naphthalene systems [centroid–centroid distances = 3.5633 (9), 3,5634 (9), and 3.9758(9) Å], C—H...O hydrogen bonds, intermolecular N—O...Cl interactions [2.9937 (12) Å] and C—H...π contacts are observed.

In the title compound, C24H18N2O4·CHCl3, the phenyl and benzene rings make a dihedral angle of 38.60 (9)° and connect in an orientation almost perpendicular to the naphthalene ring system at dihedral angles of 78.73 (8) and 81.20 (7)°. The molecule has a Z configuration about the C=N bond. In the crystal, molecules are linked by intermolecular O—H...N=C hydrogen bonds between the imino moiety and hydroxy groups. Intermolecular C—Cl...C interactions between Cl atoms of the CHCl3 molecule and C atoms of the naphthalene rings are also present [Cl...C = 3.353 (2) and 3.326 (19) Å]. The nitro group and the chloroform solvent molecule are disordered over two positions with site occupancies of 0.884 (4) and 0.116 (4).

In the title compound, C19H15BrO3, the dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 62.51 (8)°. The bridging carbonyl C—C(=O)—C plane makes dihedral angles of 47.07 (6)° with the naphthalene ring system and 24.20 (10)° with the benzene ring. A weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bond exists between the H atom of one methoxy group and the O atom of the other methoxy group in an adjacent molecule. The crystal packing is additionally stabilized by two types of weak intermolecular interactions involving the Br atom, C—H...Br and Br...O [3.2802 (14) Å].

The title compound, C19H15NO5, has an intramolecular C—H...O=C hydrogen bond between a naphthalene H atom and the O atom of the carbonyl group. The interplanar angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 69.59 (5)°. The dihedral angle between the bridging carbonyl C—C(=O)—C plane and the naphthalene ring system is 61.02 (6)°, which is far larger than that between the bridging carbonyl plane and the benzene ring [12.68 (7)°]. The nitro group is slightly out of the plane of the benzene ring [O—N—C—C torsion angle = 4.97 (17)°]. In the crystal, the packing is mainly stabilized by C—H...O interactions between an H atom of the benzene ring and an O atom of the nitro group.

In the title compound, C19H15BrO3, the dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 72.02 (9)°. The bridging carbonyl C—C(=O)—C plane makes dihedral angles of 70.88 (10) and 1.87 (12)°, respectively, with the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring. In the crystal, two types of weak intermolecular C—H...O interactions and a short Br...C contact [3.345 (2) Å] are observed.

In the title compound, C28H24O4, the two 4-methylbenzoyl groups at the 1- and 8-positions of the naphthalene ring system are aligned almost antiparallel, the dihedral angle between the two phenyl rings being 9.64 (7)°. The dihedral angles between the two phenyl rings and the naphthalene ring system are 71.82 (6) and 71.58 (6)°. In the crystal, intermolecular C—H...O interactions between the carbonyl oxygen and aromatic hydrogen are observed.

In the title compound, C24H18N2O4, the phenyl and benzene rings are both oriented almost perpendicular to the naphthalene ring system at dihedral angles of 70.97 (5) and 84.64 (5)°. The former rings make a dihedral angle of 87.15 (6)°. The molecule has a Z configuration about the C=N bond. In the crystal, molecules are connected by a pair of intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds between the hydroxy and the nitro group, forming centrosymmetric dimers. Intermolecular C—H...O interactions also occur.

In the title molecule {systematic name: [2,7-dimethoxy-8-(4-phenoxybenzoyl)naphthalen-1-yl](4-phenoxyphenyl)methanone}, C38H28O6, the 4-phenoxybenzoyl units adopt a syn orientation with respect to the naphthalene ring system. The internal benzene rings, A and B, make dihedral angles of 86.72 (5) and 79.22 (5)° with the naphthalene ring system. The two terminal benzene rings, C and D, of the 4-phenoxybenzoyl groups are twisted with respect to benzene rings A and B, with dihedral angles of A/C = 62.72 (8) and B/D = 87.61 (6)°. In the crystal, H atoms in the naphthalene system make two types of intermolecular C—H...O interactions with the carbonyl O atom and the phenyl etheral O atom of neighbouring molecules. Molecules are further linked by C—H...π interactions involving a H atom of terminal benzene ring D and the π-system of the internal benzene ring A, forming dimers centered about an inversion center.

The title compound {systematic name: [8-(4-aminobenzoyl)-2,7-dimethoxynaphthalen-1-yl](4-aminophenyl)methanone}, C26H22O4N2, possesses crystallographically imposed twofold symmetry, with two C atoms lying on the rotation axis. In the crystal, the molecules interact through intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds between the amino and methoxy groups on the naphthalene ring systems and N—H...π interactions between the amino groups and the naphthalene rings. Furthermore, weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions between the benzene rings are observed. The centroid–centroid and interplanar distances between the benzene rings of the aroyl group and the naphthalene ring systems of adjacent molecules are 3.6954 (8) and 3.2375 (5) Å, respectively. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzene ring and the naphthalene ring system is 83.59 (5)°. The benzene ring and the carbonyl group in the benzoyl unit are almost coplanar [C—C—C—O torsion angle = 175.91 (10)°].

In the title compound, C19H16O3, an intramolecular O—H...O=C hydrogen bond is formed between the hydroxy and carbonyl groups on the naphthalene ring system, resulting in an S(6) ring. The angles between the C=O bond vector and the least-squares planes of the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring are 27.63 (6) and 47.99 (7)°, respectively. The dihedral angle between the latter planes is 61.39 (5)°. In the crystal, two molecules are connected by pairs of intermolecular O—H...O=C hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric dimers with an R22(4) graph-set motif. The molecular packing features C—H...π interactions.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C19H16O3, contains three independent conformers. Each of the three conformers has essentially the same feature of non-coplanar aromatic rings whereby the aroyl group at the 1-position of the naphthalene ring is twisted in a perpendicular manner to the naphthalene ring. The dihedral angles between the benzene ring planes and the naphthalene ring systems are 75.34 (7), 86.47 (7) and 76.55 (6)° in the three conformers. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds.

In the crystal structure of the title cocrystal, 2C24H18ClNO2·C6H12N2, the 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane molecule is located on a twofold rotation axis and linked to the two triarylimine molecules by O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming a 2:1 aggregate. C—H...Cl interactions are also observed. In the triarylimine molecule, the naphthalene ring system makes dihedral angles of 80.39 (6) and 82.35 (6)°, respectively, with the phenyl and benzene rings. The dihedral angle between these two latter rings is 87.09 (7)°.

In the molecule of the title compound, C18H14O3, there is an intramolecular O—H...O=C hydrogen bond between the carbonyl and hydroxy groups on the naphthalene ring system. The angles between the C=O bond vector and the least-squares planes of the naphthalene ring system and the phenyl ring are 30.58 (6) and 42.82 (7)°, respectively, while the dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the phenyl ring is 58.65 (5)°. In the crystal, molecules are connected by pairs of intermolecular O—H...O=C hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymmetric dimers.

In the title compound, C25H16Cl2O4·C2H6O, the two 4-chlorobenzoyl groups are in syn orientations with respect to the naphthalene ring system and are approximately parallel to each other: the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 11.43 (16)°. The conformation around each of the carbonyl C—(C=O)—C groups forms a larger angle to the plane of the naphthalene ring system than that to the benzene ring; the angles of the C=O bond vector with the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring are 55.4 (3) versus 13.5 (3)° and 52.2 (3) versus 17.9 (3)°. An intramolecular O—H...O=C hydrogen bond generates a six-membered ring. In the crystal structure, intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds including the ethanol solvent molecule are observed. A C—H...O interaction also occurs. The ethyl group of the ethanol molecule is disordered over two positions with site occupancies of 0.63 and 0.37. The crystal studied was an inversion twin.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H11Br2ClO3, contains two crystallographically independent molecules in which the dihedral angles between the naphthalene ring systems and the benzene rings are 55.64 (11) and 60.50 (11)°. In each molecule, an intramolecular O—H...O=C hydrogen bond generates a six-membered ring. In the crystal structure, intermolecular C—H...O and C—H...Cl hydrogen bonds and two different Br...O halogen bonds [2.9850 (19) and 3.2169 (19) Å] are observed.

In the title compound, C19H14BrClO3, the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring make a dihedral angle of 77.36 (10)°. The conformation around the central C=O group is such that the C=O bond vector forms a larger angle to the plane of the naphthalene ring system than to the plane of the benzene ring, viz. 75.73 (15)° versus 2.33 (17)°. In the crystal structure, a π–π interaction is formed between naphthalene ring systems, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.8363 (14) Å and a lateral offset of 1.606 Å. Intermolecular C—H...Br and C—H...O hydrogen bonds and a C—H...π contact are present in the crystal structure.

In the title compound, C18H12BrClO3, the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring make a dihedral angle of 82.18 (9)°. The conformation around the central C=O group is such that the C=O bond vector forms a larger angle to the plane of the naphthalene ring system than to the plane of the benzene ring, viz. 60.91 (16)° versus 13.94 (16)°. In the crystal structure, two π–π interactions formed between the naphthalene ring systems [centroid–centroid distances of 3.8014 (13) and 3.9823 (13) Å] and intermolecular O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds are present.

In the title compound, C19H15FO3, the dihedral angle between the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring is 62.93 (5)°. The bridging carbonyl C—C(=O)—C plane makes dihedral angles of 45.55 (6) and 28.62 (7)°, respectively, with the naphthalene ring system and the benzene ring. Weak intermolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions stabilize the crystal packing.

The title compound, C26H18F2O4, is a naphthalene derivative in which the two aroyl groups at the 1- and 8-positions (peri positions) are anti to each other. There is an appreciable difference in the dihedral angles between the naphthalene ring system and the two benzene rings [66.88 (7)° and 88.09 (6)°]. In the crystal, weak C—H...O interactions involving one of the carbonyl groups and an aromatic C—H group ortho to the F atom seem to stabilize the packing of the molecules.