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13. The breakdown to turbulence of a forced vortex flow at a pipe orifice : the non-linear evolution of initially axisymmetric vortices

Author

Addison, Paul Stanley

Subjects
532, Fluid mechanics
Abstract

The primary purpose of this research is to investigate non-linear and chaotic behaviour of water in a pipeline at the transition region from laminar to turbulent flow. Turbulence was generated in the flow by the use of an orifice plate which generated coherent vortices and subsequent break-down into turbulence, downstream of the orifice. The flow regime was pulsatile. This was decided specifically to obtain better control of the experimental apparatus, better control of the frequency of vortices shedding from the orifice, and because of its wider range of practical applications discussed in section 1.3. The mechanism of vortex breakdown has been addressed many times over the past century. The process by which vortices interact and degenerate is essentially non- inear. New techniques from the field of non-linear dynamics have emerged which can yield some quantitative information about the complexity of non-linear phenomena. This thesis aims to test some of these techniques, together with more traditional methods, on the experimental time series data obtained from axisymmetric vortex breakdown of a pulsed flow at a pipe orifice. An experimental rig was designed and constructed in the Civil Engineering Department, at the University of Glasgow, to produce, accurately controllable, pulsed flows within a pipe system at an orifice plate. The apparatus was designed to allow a range of parameters to be varied over the course of the investigation. Computer algorithms were written by the author to analyse the resulting data, obtained from Laser Doppler Anemometry readings. Flow visualisation techniques were also used to give a qualitative understanding of the system. Evidence was found for the development of initially axisymmetric pulsed vortex flows to a relatively low dimensional chaotic state prior to breaking down to a more complex turbulent state. The flow complexity was probed by investigating the dynamics of phase space attractors reconstructed from time series taken at various spatial locations within the developing flow field. The two techniques used for this were the Grassberger- Procaccia dimension and the Lyapunov exponent. Reconstruction of the attractors was performed using the minimum mutual information function. The flow complexity was used in conjunction with Turbulent Intensitites within the flow and the development of the flow velocity profile, to provide a comprehensive picture of the flow field development for pulsed vortex flows. In addition, the techniques from the field of non-linear dynamics were thoroughly tested in the experimental environment. The problem of noise, and its effect on the results produced has been analysed in detail.

Published
1993

17. In Response

Author

Bergese, Sergio D., Mestek, Michael L., Kelley, Scott D., McIntyre, Robert, Jr, Uribe, Alberto A., Sethi, Rakesh, Watson, James N., and Addison, Paul S.

Published
2017
Full Text
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25. Examining Teachers' Beliefs about the Role of Technology in the Elementary Classroom.

Author

Ertmer, Peggy A., Addison, Paul, Lane, Molly, Ross, Eva, and Woods, Denise

Abstract

Examines the relationships between first- (external) and second- (internal) order barriers to technology implementation by observing and interviewing several teachers within a single elementary school who had achieved varying levels of integration. Discusses strategies for technology staff development. (AEF)

Published
1999

27. Squid Chitin: An Untapped Resource

Author

Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (1995, Palmerston North), McLean, Carlene H, and Addison, Paul A

Published
1995

29. T-wave alternans found in preventricular tachyarrhythmias in CCU patients using a wavelet transform-based methodology

Author

Romero, Inaki, Grubb, Neil R., Clegg, Gareth R., Robertson, Colin E., Addison, Paul S., and Watson, James N.

Subjects
Arrhythmia -- Diagnosis, Wavelet transforms -- Evaluation, Electrocardiogram -- Technology application, Electrocardiography -- Technology application, Technology application, Biological sciences, Business, Computers, Health care industry
Abstract

Ventricular tachyarrhythmias are potentially lethal cardiac pathologies and the commonest cause of sudden cardiac death. Efforts to predict the onset of such events are based on feature extraction from the surface ECG. T-wave alternans (TWAs) are considered a marker of abnormal ventricular function that may be associated with ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation. A novel TWA detection algorithm utilizing the continuous wavelet transform is described in this paper. Simulated ECGs containing artificial TWA were used to test the algorithm that achieved a sensitivity of 91.40% and a specificity of 94.00%. The algorithm was subsequently used to analyze the ECGs of eight patients prior to the onset of VT. Of these, the algorithm indicated that five patients exhibited TWA prior to the onset of the tachyarrhythmic events, while the remaining three patients did not exhibit identifiable TWA. Healthy individuals were also studied in which one short TWA episode was detected by the algorithm. However, closer visual inspection of the data revealed this to be a likely false positive result. Index Terms--ECG analysis, T-wave alternans (TWAs), ventricular tachyarrhithmia (VTA), wavelet transforms.

Published
2008

44. All-out war: Panoramic view of Britain from 1937 to 1941

Author

Addison, Paul

Subjects
Britain's War: Into Battle, 1937-1941 (Nonfiction work) -- Todman, Daniel, Books -- Book reviews, Literature/writing
Abstract

Daniel Todman BRITAIN'S WAR Into battle 1937-1941 827pp. Allen Lane. 30 [pounds sterling]. 978 0 713 99927 3 Anyone hoping to revisit ITMA, Woolton pies or the documentary films of [...]

Published
2016

47. What Difference Did the War Make?

Author

Addison, Paul

Subjects
What Difference Did the War Make? (Book), Books -- Book reviews, History, Regional focus/area studies
Abstract

A number of papers given at the third annual summer school of the Institute of Contemporary British History have been collected in What Difference Did the War Make?, ed. Brian [...]

Published
1996

48. Power, Competition and the State, vols. 2-3

Author

Addison, Paul

Subjects
Power, Competition and the State, Vols. 2-3 (Book), Books -- Book reviews, History, Regional focus/area studies
Abstract

HISTORIANS of twentieth-century British politics are fixated on party. Hence monographs on party themes abound and every leading party politician attracts a biographer. On their individual merits, such works often [...]

Published
1993

50. Oswald's folk

Author

Addison, Paul

Subjects
Hurrah for the Blackshirts!: Fascists and Fascism in Britain between the Wars (Book) -- Book reviews, Books -- Book reviews, Literature/writing
Published
2005

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