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143 results on '"[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]"'

1. The Cerebral Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Pathway, Either Neuronal or Endothelial, Is Impaired in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis. Connection with Endothelial Dysfunction

Author

Pedard, Martin, Quirie, Aurore, Garnier, Philippe, Tessier, Anne, Demougeot, Céline, Marie, Christine, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Pathologies et épithéliums : prévention, innovation, traitements, évaluation (EA 4267) ( PEPITE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Pathologies et épithéliums : prévention, innovation, traitements, évaluation (EA 4267) (PEPITE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)

Subjects
cognition, endothelium, Physiology, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], TrkB, NO, [ SDV.MHEP.RSOA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, BDNF, [SDV.MHEP.RSOA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Rhumatology and musculoskeletal system, nervous system, Physiology (medical), [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Original Research
Abstract

International audience; Cognitive abilities are largely dependent on activation of cerebral tropomyosin-related kinase B receptors (TrkB) by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) that is secreted under a bioactive form by both neurons and endothelial cells. In addition, there is mounting evidence for a link between endothelial function and cognition even though the underlying mechanisms are not well known. Therefore, we investigated the cerebral BDNF pathway, either neuronal or endothelial, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that combines both endothelial dysfunction (ED) and impaired cognition. Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats was used as a model of RA. Clinical inflammatory symptoms were evaluated from an arthritis score and brains were collected at day 31 ± 2 post-immunization. Neuronal expression of BDNF and TrkB phosphorylated at tyrosine 816 (p-TrkB) was examined in brain slices. Endothelial BDNF and p-TrkB expression was examined on both brain slices (hippocampal arterioles) and isolated cerebral microvessels-enriched fractions (vessels downstream to arterioles). The connection between endothelial nitric oxide (NO) and BDNF production was explored on the cerebrovascular fractions using endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) levels as a marker of NO production, Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) as a NOS inhibitor and glyceryl-trinitrate as a slow releasing NO donor. Brain slices displayed lower BDNF and p-TrkB staining in both neurons and arteriolar endothelial cells in AIA than in control rats. For endothelial cells but not neurons, a strong correlation was observed between BDNF and p-TrkB staining. Of note, a strong correlation was also observed between neuronal p-TrkB and endothelial BDNF staining. In cerebral microvessels-enriched fractions, AIA led to decreased BDNF and eNOS levels with a positive association between the 2 parameters. These effects coincided with decreased BDNF and p-TrkB staining in endothelial cells. The exposure of AIA cerebrovascular fractions to GTN increased BDNF levels while the exposure of control fractions to L-NAME decreased BDNF levels. Changes in the cerebral BDNF pathway were not associated with arthritis score. The present study reveals that AIA impairs the endothelial and neuronal BDNF/TrkB pathway, irrespective of the severity of inflammatory symptoms but dependent on endothelial NO production. These results open new perspectives for the understanding of the link between ED and impaired cognition.

Published
2018

2. Regulation of Endurance Performance: New Frontiers

Author

Hollie S. Jones, Dominic Micklewright, Florentina J. Hettinga, Andrew Renfree, Benjamin Pageaux, Alexis R. Mauger, Jo Corbett, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences [University of Kent, Canterbury], University of Kent [Canterbury], School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Science [University of Essex, Colchester], University of Essex, Colchester, Institute of Sport and Exercise Science [University of Worcester], University of Worcester, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), School of Psychology [University of Central Lancashire, Preston], University of Central Lancashire [Preston] ( UCLAN ), Department of Sport and Exercise Science [University of Portsmouth], University of Portsmouth, and université de Bourgogne, CAPS

Subjects
Reductionism, training, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Brain, Cycling, Task (project management), Variety (cybernetics), Running, Keywords: pacing, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Isolation (psychology), Muscle, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], triathlon, Psychology, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, performance, Fatigue, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

Successful endurance performance requires the integration of multiple physiological and psychological systems, working together to regulate exercise intensity in a way that will reduce time taken or increase work done. The systems that ultimately limit performance of the task are hotly contested, and may depend on a variety of factors including the type of task, the environment, external influences, training status of the individual and a host of psychological constructs. These factors can be studied in isolation, or inclusively as a whole-body or integrative system. A reductionist approach has traditionally been favoured, leading to a greater understanding and emphasis on muscle and cardiovascular physiology, but the role of the brain and how this integrates multiple systems is gaining momentum. However, these differing approaches may have led to false dichotomy, and now with better understanding of both fields, there is a need to bring these perspectives together.

Published
2017

3. Effects of eccentric and concentric trainings on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling in cognition-related brain regions

Author

Pedard, Martin, Ennequin, Gaël, Marie, Christine, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Fonctions et dysfonctions épithéliales - UFC (EA 4267) (FDE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Fonctions et dysfonctions épithéliales - UFC (EA 4267) ( FDE ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), and université de Bourgogne, CAPS

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

4. Medical students and professional anatomists do not perceive gender bias within imagery featuring anatomy

Author

Susan, Morgan, Odile, Plaisant, Baptiste, Lignier, Bernard J, Moxham, Cardiff University, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine ( UPD5 Médecine ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire de psychopathologie et psychologie médicale ( LPPM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), School of Biosciences [Cardiff], Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de psychopathologie et psychologie médicale (LPPM), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Male, Paris, Students, Medical, Attitude of Health Personnel, [ SDV.MHEP.AHA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Sexism, Medicine in the Arts, Sculpture, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medical Illustration, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Anatomists, Textbooks, Wales, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Gender, Medical students, Attitudes, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Paintings, Perception, Anatomical images, Anatomy
Abstract

Previous studies suggest that, while both medical students and professional anatomists recognize the importance of gender issues and do not wish to associate with sexism, most are unaware of the possible negative aspects of sexism within anatomy (Morgan et al. 2014, J. Anat. 224:352–365; 2016, Clin. Anat. 29:892–910). To further investigate this issue, we provided second year medical students at Cardiff University (n = 293) and at the University of Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité (n = 142) and professional anatomists (n = 208) with a questionnaire inviting them to address the possibility that gender factors within anatomical imagery (both historical and contemporary) hinder the dispassionate representation of anatomy. Ethical approval for the survey was obtained from the universities at both Cardiff and Paris. In the light of previous findings, the hypothesis tested was that medical students and professional anatomists do not perceive a gender bias when reflected in imagery that is based on anatomical iconography. Our survey results support this hypothesis and suggest that most students and anatomists are unaware of the possible negative aspects of sexism within the culture of anatomy. We consequently recommend that teachers of anatomy and authors of anatomical textbooks should be aware of the possibility of adverse effects on professional matters relating to equality and diversity issues when using imagery. Clin. Anat. 30:711–732, 2017. © 2017Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2017

5. Age-Related Changes in Endurance Performance Vary Between Modes of Locomotion in Men: An Analysis of Master World Records

Author

Lepers, Romuald, Stapley, Paul J., Cattagni, Thomas, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neural Control of Movement Laboratory [University of Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), University of Wollongong, Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Le Mans Université (UM), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), and Université de Nantes ( UN )

Subjects
cycling, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], aging, Master athletes, running, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], swimming, human activities
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Age-related declines in sport performance are characteristic of all endurance and sprinting disciplines. However, it is not known if the mode of locomotion (i.e. swimming, cycling or running) influences the age-related decline in sport performance in sprinting and endurance events.METHODS: To examine the age-related decline in three different modes of locomotion (i.e. swimming, cycling and running) for endurance and sprint events, the world best performances achieved for males in the age-groups 18-39 years, 40-44 years, 45-49 years, 50-54 years, 55-59 years, 60-64 years, 65-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years and 80-84 years, were compared in swimming (1500-m and 50-m), cycling (1-h and 200-m) and running (10-km and 100-m). Each performance was considered as an average speed (throughout the distance) and the age-related decline in performance was expressed as a percentage of the world record (regardless of age group) for that discipline.RESULTS: The results showed that the age-related decline in 1-h track cycling is less pronounced compared to 1500-m swimming and 10-km running after 60 years. In contrast, the age-related decline was similar among the three locomotion modes for the sprinting events.CONCLUSION: Our data show that the maintenance of high performance in cycling persists longer into old age than for running or swimming.

Published
2017

6. Cardiovascular and cerebral hemodynamics during exercise and recovery in obese individuals as a function of their fitness status

Author

Louis Bherer, Olivier Dupuy, Sarah Fraser, Vincent Gremeaux, Martin Juneau, Mathieu Gayda, Anil Nigam, Gabriel Lapierre, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Centre EPIC [Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal], Université de Montréal [Montréal]-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) ( MOVE ), Université de Poitiers, Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences (University of Ottawa, Canada), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] ( PIT ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Montreal Heart Institute Foundation EPIC Centre Foundation Reseau Quebecois de Recherche sur le Vieillissement Diabete Quebec, Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Laboratoire 'Mobilité, Vieillissement, Exercice' (MOVE) (MOVE), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] (PIT), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Male, Cardiac output, obesity, intensity interval exercise, Physiology, near-infrared spectroscopy, cardiac-output, Cardiac index, Gas Exchange and Transport, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiovascular Physiology, Incremental exercise, Hemoglobins, 0302 clinical medicine, Original Research, medicine.diagnostic_test, exercise, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endurance and Performance, Middle Aged, Exercise Therapy, Impedance cardiography, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Cardiology, Female, oxygenation, impedance cardiograph device, Adipose Tissue and Obesity, Cardiac function curve, medicine.medical_specialty, men, metabolic syndrome, normal-weight, 03 medical and health sciences, recovery, Oxygen Consumption, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Aerobic exercise, Humans, Aged, Cardiac and cerebral hemodynamics, business.industry, Oxygenation, Blood pressure, Vasoconstriction, Physical therapy, diastolic dysfunction, business, coronary-heart-disease, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to compare cardiovascular hemodynamics and cerebral oxygenation/perfusion (COP) during and after maximal incremental exercise in obese individuals according to their aerobic fitness versus age-matched healthy controls (AMHC). Fifty-four middle-aged obese (OB) and 16 AMHC were recruited. Maximal cardiopulmonary function (gas exchange analysis), cardiac hemodynamics (impedance cardiography), and left frontal COP (near-infrared spectroscopy: NIRS) were measured continuously during a maximal incremental ergocycle test. During recovery, reoxygenation/perfusion rate (ROPR: oxyhemoglobin: Delta O(2)Hb, deoxyhemoglobin: Delta HHb and total hemoglobin: Delta tHb; with NIRS) was also measured. Obese participants (OB, n = 54) were divided into two groups according to the median VO2 peak: the low-fit obese (LF-OB, n = 27) and the high-fit obese (HF-OB, n = 27). During exercise, end tidal pressure of CO2 (PETCO2), and COP (Delta O(2)Hb, Delta HHb and Delta tHb) did not differ between groups (OB, LF-OB, HF-OB, AMHC). During recovery, PETCO2 and ROPR (Delta O(2)Hb, Delta HHb and DtHb) were similar between the groups (OB, LF-OB, HF-OB, AMHC). During exercise and recovery, cardiac index was lower (P < 0.05) in LF-OB versus the other two groups (HF-OB, AMHC). As well, systolic blood pressure was higher during exercise in the OB, LF-OB and HF-OB groups versus AMHC (P < 0.05). When compared to AMHC, obese individuals (OB, LF-OB, HF-OB) have a similar cerebral vasoreactivity by CO2 and cerebral hemodynamics during exercise and recovery, but a higher systolic blood pressure during exercise. Higher fitness in obese subjects (HF-OB) seems to preserve their cardiopulmonary and cardiac function during exercise and recovery.

Published
2017

7. RANK/RANKL/OPG Signalization Implication in Periodontitis: New Evidence from a RANK Transgenic Mouse Model

Author

Sojod, Bouchra, Chateau, Danielle, Mueller, Christopher G., Babajko, Sylvie, Berdal, Ariane, Lézot, Frédéric, Castaneda, Beatriz, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Biologie oro-faciale et pathologie, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IFR58-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S 872)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Immunologie et chimie thérapeutiques (ICT), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Basic Studies [Medellin, AA, Colombia], University of Antioquia [Medellin, AA, Colombia], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Immunologie et chimie thérapeutiques ( ICT ), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Université de Nantes ( UN ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], gingival epithelium, alveolar bone, RANK, osteoclasts, malassez epithelial rests (MER), [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, root resorption, periodontitis, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience; Periodontitis is based on a complex inflammatory over-response combined with possible genetic predisposition factors. The RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway is implicated in bone resorption through its key function in osteoclast differentiation and activation, as well as in the inflammatory response. This central element of osteo-immunology has been suggested to be perturbed in several diseases, including periodontitis, as it is a predisposing factor for this disease. The aim of the present study was to validate this hypothesis using a transgenic mouse line, which over-expresses RANK (R Tg) and develops a periodontitis-like phenotype at 5 months of age. R Tg mice exhibited severe alveolar bone loss, an increased number of TRAP positive cells, and disorganization of periodontal ligaments. This phenotype was more pronounced in females. We also observed dental root resorption lacunas. Hyperplasia of the gingival epithelium, including Malassez epithelial rests, was visible as early as 25 days, preceding any other symptoms. These results demonstrate that perturbations of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system constitute a core element of periodontitis, and more globally, osteo-immune diseases.

Published
2017

8. Claudin Loss-of-Function Disrupts Tight Junctions and Impairs Amelogenesis

Author

Claire Bardet, Sandy Ribes, Yong Wu, Mamadou Tidiane Diallo, Benjamin Salmon, Tilman Breiderhoff, Pascal Houillier, Dominik Müller, Catherine Chaussain, HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire (UPD5 Odontologie), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Service d'Odontologie [Bretonneau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire ( UPD5 Odontologie ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bretonneau, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin [Berlin], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ( CRC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Physiology, Amelogenesis Imperfecta, Matrix (biology), Biology, pore-forming tight junction protein, 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit, urologic and male genital diseases, barrier-forming tight junction protein, digestive system, lcsh:Physiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Amelogenesis imperfecta, Claudin, Enamel paint, Tight junction, lcsh:QP1-981, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], urogenital system, enamel, Amelogenesis, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, visual_art, Paracellular transport, Perspective, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ameloblast, claudins, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Claudins are a family of proteins that forms paracellular barriers and pores determining tight junctions (TJ) permeability. Claudin-16 and-19 are pore forming TJ proteins allowing calcium and magnesium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TAL). Loss-of-function mutations in the encoding genes, initially identified to cause Familial Hypomagnesemia with Hypercalciuria and Nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC), were recently shown to be also involved in Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI). In addition, both claudins were expressed in the murine tooth germ and Claudin-16 knockout (KO) mice displayed abnormal enamel formation. Claudin-3, an ubiquitous claudin expressed in epithelia including kidney, acts as a barrier-forming tight junction protein. We determined that, similarly to claudin-16 and claudin-19, claudin-3 was expressed in the tooth germ, more precisely in the TJ located at the apical end of secretory ameloblasts. The observation of Claudin-3 KO teeth revealed enamel defects associated to impaired TJ structure at the secretory ends of ameloblasts and accumulation of matrix proteins in the forming enamel. Thus, claudin-3 protein loss-of-function disturbs amelogenesis similarly to claudin-16 loss-of-function, highlighting the importance of claudin proteins for the TJ structure. These findings unravel that loss-of-function of either pore or barrier-forming TJ proteins leads to enamel defects. Hence, the major structural function of claudin proteins appears essential for amelogenesis.

Published
2017

9. Alteration in Taste Perception in Cancer: Causes and Strategies of Treatment

Author

Amira Sayed Khan, Aziz Hichami, Naim Akhtar Khan, Babar Murtaza, François Ghiringhelli, Equipe NuTox (LNC - U1231) ( NUTOX ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Equipe CADIR (LNC - U1231), Département de Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (Université des Frères Mentouri)), and Université Mentouri Constantine-Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Taste, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Physiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Review, Disease, Gut flora, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Physiology (medical), Perception, Internal medicine, medicine, cancer, taste modalities, media_common, biology, treatment, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Cancer, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Malnutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, inflammation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business, Dietary modifications, metabolism
Abstract

IF 4.134; International audience; The sense of taste is responsible for the detection and ingestion of food to cover energetic requirements in health and disease. The change in taste perception might lead to malnutrition that is usually one of the frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of taste perception and how they are altered in cancer. We also address the question of the implication of inflammation, responsible for the alterations in taste modalities. We highlight the role of radio- and chemotherapy in the modulation of taste physiology. Other several factors like damage to taste progenitor cells and disruption of gut microbiota are also dealt with relation to taste perception in cancer. We further shed light on how to restore taste acuity, by using different preventive methods, dietary modifications and pharmacotherapy in subjects with advanced cancer state.

Published
2017

10. Cardiometabolic risk is associated with the severity of sleep-disordered breathing in children with obesity

Author

S. Quinart, David Thivel, Valérie Gillet, Johanna Roche, Véronique Nègre, Laurie Isacco, Fabienne Mougin, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques ( AME2P ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS, Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques - Clermont Auvergne ( AME2P ), Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Université de Bordeaux ( UB ), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Ferrand (UFR STAPS - UBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Ferrand (UFR STAPS - UBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( UR 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Heart Diseases, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), Blood Pressure, Body adiposity index, Severity of Illness Index, Childhood obesity, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Metabolic Diseases, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Obesity, Child, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Glycemic, 2. Zero hunger, Anthropometry, business.industry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Physical therapy, Female, Metabolic syndrome, business, Body mass index, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers
Abstract

Background The alarming progression of pediatric obesity is associated with the development of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and both exhibit similar adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes. Physical activity level (PAL) may counteract sleep and metabolic disturbances. The present study investigates i) the association between the metabolic syndrome in childhood obesity and SDB, ii) the impact of SDB severity on cardiometabolic risk scores and PAL in children with obesity. Methods Maturation status (Tanner stages), anthropometric (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, body adiposity index) and cardiometabolic characteristics (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid and glycemic profiles) were assessed in 83 obese children (mean ± SD, age: 10.7 ± 2.7 years). PAL and SDB were investigated with a step test and interviews, and an overnight sleep monitor, respectively. The presence or absence of metabolic syndrome (MS) was established and continuous cardiometabolic risk scores were calculated (MetScoreBMI and MetScoreWC). Results Obese children with (61.4%) and without (38.6%) MS present similar SDB. SDB severity is associated with increased insulin concentrations, MetScoreBMI and MetScoreWC (p Conclusions In a context where no consensus exists for SDB diagnosis in children, our results suggest the influence of SDB severity on cardiometabolic risk factors. Further studies are needed to explore the association between PAL and both metabolic and sleep alterations in obese children.

Published
2017

11. Repeated Effects of Vigorous Interval Training in Basketball, Running-Biking, and Boxing on the Physical Self-Perceptions of Obese Adolescents

Author

Jean-Marc Vallier, Caroline Nicol, Olivier Rey, Charles-Symphorien Mercier, Christophe Maïano, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Basketball, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030229 sport sciences, Interval training, eye diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical therapy, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Applied Psychology
Abstract

International audience; This study aims to examine the repeated effects of three sessions of vigorous interval training (VIT) in basketball, running-biking, and boxing on the physical self-perceptions (PSP) of obese adolescents participating in a dietary program. A sample of 24 obese adolescents performed the consecutive VIT sessions every week for 5 weeks. PSP were measured immediately after each training session. Analyses of covariance were used to examine changes in PSP. The results showed rapid and constant increases in PSP with significant differences according to sex, time, type of VIT, and an interaction of sex by time by type of VIT, mainly for basketball.

Published
2017

12. Food restriction alters salivary cortisol and α-amylase responses to a simulated weightlifting competition without significant performance modification

Author

Clément Bougard, Catherine Drogou, Alexandre Durguerian, Edith Filaire, Mounir Chennaoui, Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives (CIAMS), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Saclay, Université d'Orléans (UO), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Unité Fatigue et Vigilance, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM - EA 7330), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), French Ministry of Sports (Ministere de la ville, de la Jeunesse et des Sports), French National Institute of Sports, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), French Weightlifting Federation (Federation Francaise d'Halterophilie et de Musculation, FFHM), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), Complexité, Innovation, Activités Motrices et Sportives ( CIAMS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Université d'Orléans ( UO ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne ( UNH ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes] ( INRA Auvergne/Rhône-Alpes ), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées ( IRBA ), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique ( VIFASOM - EA 7330 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), and Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC )

Subjects
Male, Hydrocortisone, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Pituitary-Adrenal System, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Amylase, weightlifting, physiological responses, Salivary cortisol, media_common, Anthropometry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Food restriction, restriction alimentaire, medicine.symptom, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, cortisol salivaire, medicine.medical_specialty, Competitive Behavior, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Adolescent, Weight Lifting, simulated competitions, media_common.quotation_subject, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Biology, Athletic Performance, Body weight, Competition (biology), 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Animal science, Internal medicine, Weight maintenance, Weight Loss, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Saliva, réponse physiologique, Caloric Restriction, 030229 sport sciences, rapid weight loss, Physiological responses, Endocrinology, biology.protein, alpha-Amylases, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a 6-day food restriction period on the physiological responses and performance of 11 high-level weightlifters. After a period of weight maintenance (T2), they were assigned into two groups depending on whether they lost (Diet group, n = 6) or maintained their body weight (Control group, n = 5) during the course of those 6 days. An evaluation of performance and the measurement of salivary cortisol concentrations and salivary α-amylase (sAA) activity were performed during a simulated weightlifting competition which took place at T2, after a 6-day period of food restriction (T3). Dietary data were collected using a 6-day diet record. We noted a 41.8% decrease in mean energy intake during the dietary restriction period, leading to a 4.34% weight loss for the Diet group. Dietary restriction did not modify absolute performance levels, whilst a significant improvement was noted for the Control group. Furthermore, we noted a response of decreased...

Published
2017

13. Age-related decline in endurance running performance – An example of a multiple World records holder

Author

Thomas Cattagni, Romuald Lepers, Lepers, Romuald, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Male, Aging, Competitive Behavior, History, Physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Age related, Task Performance and Analysis, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Nutrition and Dietetics, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Age Factors, 030229 sport sciences, General Medicine, Athletes, Physical Fitness, Physical Endurance, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography
Abstract

This study examined the age-related decline in endurance running performance of one of the greatest master runners ever, Ed Whitlock, who died recently. His running performances from 1500 m to marathon were analyzed for 5 periods of 5 years from 65–69 years to 85–89 years. Despite exceptional running performances for his advanced age, the rate of decline in his performances increased after 80 years and was drastically amplified after 85 years.

Published
2017

14. Uncoupling between cerebral perfusion and oxygenation during incremental exercise in an athlete with postconcussion syndrome: a case report

Author

Éric Nadreau, Sarah Imhoff, Simon Malenfant, Paul Poirier, Damian M. Bailey, Patrice Brassard, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Département de kinésiologie, Université Laval, Laboratoire Chimie Provence ( LCP ), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of South Wales ( USW ), Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Laboratoire Chimie Provence (LCP), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of South Wales (USW), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Adult, Cardiovascular Conditions, Disorders and Treatments, Central Nervous System, medicine.medical_specialty, Middle Cerebral Artery, Injury, Stress and Fatigue, Physiology, Case Report, Case Reports, Neurological Conditions, Disorders and Treatments, Incremental exercise, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cerebral oxygenation, Physiology (medical), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Aerobic exercise, Humans, Arterial Pressure, Exertion, Cerebral perfusion pressure, Cerebral Cortex, exercise, postconcussion syndrome, business.industry, Post-Concussion Syndrome, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Postconcussion syndrome, Respiration, 030229 sport sciences, Oxygenation, cerebral perfusion, Athletes, Physical therapy, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Blood Flow Velocity
Abstract

International audience; High-intensity exercise may pose a risk to patients with postconcussion syndrome (PCS) when symptomatic during exertion. The case of a paralympic athlete with PCS who experienced a succession of convulsion-awakening periods and reported a marked increase in postconcussion symptoms after undergoing a graded symptom-limited aerobic exercise protocol is presented. Potential mechanisms of cerebrovascular function failure are then discussed.

Published
2017

15. Cerebrovascular integrity maintenance and inflammation in atherosclerosis animal models

Author

Di Cataldo, Vanessa, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Lyon, Emmanuelle Canet-Soulas, Antoine Millon, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition ( CarMeN ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and STAR, ABES

Subjects
Exercice physique, Athérosclérose, Imagerie, Neuroinflammation, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Modèles animaux, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Stratification, Atherosclerosis, Exercise, Animal models, Imaging
Abstract

Stroke is the leading cause of disabilities worldwide and is mainly caused by atherosclerosis. But this is not the only risk for patients. Indeed, as this pathology is due to a lack of circulating cholesterol management and could lead to more pernicious outcomes such as cerebrovascular units disorganization whom, when combined with systemic and local inflammation can result in serious brain aftermath.Aged murine and non-human primate (NHP) animal models under high cholesterol diet were used to be closest to the human pathology. A translational approach with longitudinal follow-up of circulating and imaging biomarkers combined with a tissular characterization of inflammation was performed in order to elucidate the specificities of the inflammatory response in vascular wall of large vessels and brain tissue.We showed that in old ApoE-/- mice exercise can counterbalance deleterious effects of high fat diet when caloric intake is controlled but no longer when food is given ad libitum. The leakage of blood-brain barrier might explain the neuroinflammation observed in vivo and confirmed by tissular analysis. The study on NHP showed the interest of combine multimodal imaging with blood dosage for cardiovascular risk stratification and the importance of associating metabolic, inflammatory but also anti-inflammatory markers.We highlighted the importance of controlling calories intake in order to benefit of protective effects of exercise on atherosclerosis and the relevance of having an overview of the patient’s status for an accurate individual stratification of cardio and cerebrovascular risk, Les accidents vasculaires cérébraux sont la première cause mondiale d'handicap et l'athérosclérose en est le principal facteur. Cette pathologie, liée à une mauvaise prise en charge du cholestérol pourra avoir des conséquences plus pernicieuses comme la fragilisation des unités cérébrovasculaires qui, combinée à une inflammation systémique et locale, peut entraîner d'importantes répercussions cérébrales.Pour être au plus proche de l'humain nous avons utilisé des modèles animaux murins et primate non-humain (PNH) âgés sous régime gras. Une approche translationnelle avec suivi longitudinal de biomarqueurs sanguins et d'imagerie combinée à la caractérisation tissulaire de l'inflammation a été effectuée pour tenter d'élucider les spécificités de la réponse inflammatoire dans la paroi vasculaire des grosses artères et le tissu cérébral.Nous avons montré que chez des souris ApoE-/- âgées l'exercice physique peut contrecarrer les effets délétères d'un régime gras lorsque l'apport calorique est contrôlé mais plus lorsqu'il ne l'est pas. La dégradation de la barrière hémato-encéphalique pourrait expliquer l'inflammation observée in vivo et confirmée par l'analyse tissulaire. L'étude des PNH a montré l'intérêt d'associer imagerie multimodale et dosages sanguins dans la stratification du risque cardiovasculaire ainsi que l'importance d'associer des marqueurs métaboliques, inflammatoires et anti-inflammatoires.Nous avons montré l'intérêt de contrôler les apports caloriques pour bénéficier des effets protecteurs de l'exercice sur l'athérosclérose et l'importance d'avoir une vue globale du patient pour une stratification individuelle précise du risque cardio et cérébrovasculaire

Published
2016

16. Fatigue Induced by Physical and Mental Exertion Increases Perception of Effort and Impairs Subsequent Endurance Performance

Author

Pageaux , Benjamin, Lepers , Romuald, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Région de Bourgogne 9201AAO050S02953, and Fonds Européen de Développement Régional (FEDER)

Subjects
Central Nervous System, time to exhaustion, cycling, maximal intensity, Physiology, Mini Review, peripheral fatigue, feedback, cognitive fatigue, lcsh:Physiology, Isometric Contraction, running, neuromuscular function, Fatigue, time trial performance, perceived exertion, lcsh:QP1-981, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Mental Fatigue, time trial, locomotor muscle fatigue, aerobic exercise, cycling exercise, muscle fatigue, upper-body exercise, work capacity
Abstract

International audience; Endurance performance involves the prolonged maintenance of constant or self-regulated power/velocity or torque/force. While the impact of numerous determinants of endurance performance has been previously reviewed, the impact of fatigue on subsequent endurance performance still needs to be documented. This review aims to present the impact of fatigue induced by physical or mental exertion on subsequent endurance performance. For the purpose of this review, endurance performance refers to performance during whole-body or single-joint endurance exercise soliciting mainly the aerobic energy system. First, the impact of physical and mental exertion on force production capacity is presented, with specific emphasize on the fact that solely physical exertion and not mental exertion induces a decrease in force production capacity of the working muscles. Then, the negative impact of fatigue induced by physical exertion and mental exertion on subsequent endurance performance is highlighted based on experimental data. Perception of effort being identified as the variable altered by both prior physical exertion and mental exertion, future studies should investigate the underlying mechanisms increasing perception of effort overtime and in presence of fatigue during endurance exercise. Perception of effort should be considered not only as marker of exercise intensity, but also as a factor limiting endurance performance. Therefore, using a psychophysiological approach to explain the regulation of endurance performance would allow a better understanding of the interaction between physiological and psychological phenomena known to impact endurance performance.

Published
2016

17. The effects of alpha-cypermethrin exposure on biochemical and redox parameters in pregnant rats and their newborns

Author

Leila Hocine, Meriem Youbi, Sid Ahmed Merzouk, Hafida Merzouk, Hafeda Ghorzi, Michel Narce, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
Blood Glucose, 0301 basic medicine, Lipid-Peroxidation, Insecticides, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medicine.disease_cause, Cypermethrin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Malondialdehyde, Pyrethrins, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Alpha-cypermethrin, Alanine Transaminase, General Medicine, 030224 pathology, Glutathione, Lipids, Mitochondria, Liver, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Gestation, Alkaline phosphatase, Female, Chlorpyrifos, Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, Blood sugar, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Protective Role, Metabolic Diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Neurotoxicity, Animals, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Rats, Wistar, Pesticides, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Fetus, Body Weight, medicine.disease, Rats, Oxidative Stress, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Metabolism, Animals, Newborn, chemistry, Rat, Agronomy and Crop Science, Deltamethrin, Fenvalerate, Oxidative stress
Abstract

IF 2.388; International audience; Pyrethroid insecticides are extensively used in agriculture and in household activities. During pregnancy, they might affect maternal metabolic status and there after fetal development. In this work, we studied metabolic and redox effects of low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure in pregnant rats and their offspring. The diet containing alpha cypermethrin at 0.02 mg/kg/day was consumed during the entire gestation. Plasma biochemical parameters as well as liver lipid and oxidative stress markers were determined. Our results showed that alpha-cypermethrin induced an increase in body weight and in plasma glucose and lipid levels, as well as in plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in pregnant rats and their newborns. Pregnant rats showed cellular oxidative stress and altered oxidant antioxidant status when treated by the insecticide and these disturbances were also seen in their newborns. In conclusion, low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure induced several metabolic and redox alterations leading to maternal physiological impairments and to fetal metabolic changes. Alpha-cypermethrin should be used with caution especially during pregnancy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

18. Towards real-time detection of cognitive effort in driving: Contribution of cardiac measurement

Author

Guillaume Pepin, Fabien Moreau, Jordan Navarro, Catherine Gabaude, Christophe Jallais, Alexandra Fort, Laboratoire Ergonomie et Sciences Cognitives pour les Transports (IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire Ergonomie et Sciences Cognitives pour les Transports ( IFSTTAR/TS2/LESCOT ), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Université de Lyon, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Cadic, Ifsttar, Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EMC), and Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], CHANGEMENT, Human Factors and Ergonomics, Audiology, Stimulus (physiology), 050105 experimental psychology, Grand mean, 03 medical and health sciences, VARIATION DU RYTHME CARDIAQUE, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Time windows, PSYCHOLOGIE COGNITIVE, Heart rate, medicine, CONDUITE DU VEHICULE, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, General Psychology, Applied Psychology, Simulation, COGNITIVE EFFORT, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Cardiac deceleration, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, ATTENTION, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Cognitive effort, Cognition, DRIVING, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Cardiac measurement, EFFORT COGNITIF, REPONSE CARDIAQUE EVOQUEE, Industrial relations, HEART RATE CHANGE, [ SCCO ] Cognitive science, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, EVOKED CARDIAC RESPONSE
Abstract

En 2013, on estime que 40 à 50% des accidents corporels seraient dus à des défauts d'attention de la part du conducteur. Des études récentes ont mis en évidence la possibilité de détecter des états attentionnels dégradés afin de pouvoir mieux assister le conducteur ; ce thème de recherche représente donc un nouveau gisement de sécurité routière. Cette étude se concentre sur la détection de l'effort cognitif fournit par les conducteurs et cherche, par l'étude de la variation du rythme cardiaque, à identifier un indicateur d'effort sensible sur de courtes fenêtres temporelles.Chacun des 18 participants a passé 8 conditions expérimentales sur simulateur de conduite : la moitié où seule une tâche de comptage était demandée et l'autre moitié en réalisant une tâche supplémentaire de conduite sur simulateur. Il a été demandé aux participants soit d'effectuer la tâche cognitive soit de se relaxer et de ne pas prêter attention aux stimuli présentés (Effort Vs. Relaxation). Afin de réaliser la tâche de comptage, deux types de stimuli auditifs ont été présentés aux participants. Les participants ont effectué les conditions expérimentales dans des ordres partiellement contrebalancés. Le rythme cardiaque et la respiration ont été collectés.Les résultats de différents auteurs ont été répliqués y compris en conduite automobile. Dans les secondes qui suivent un effort cognitif, une légère décélération du rythme cardiaque puis une forte accélération ont été mises en évidence. A l'inverse, en condition de relaxation, une simple décélération cardiaque a été observée. Au terme de notre étude, il s'avère qu'il est possible de distinguer des patterns cardiaques d'effort et de relaxation sur de courtes fenêtre temporelle en observant la variation du rythme cardiaque moyenné sur un nombre conséquent d'épisodes. Toutefois, dans l'objectif de développer des systèmes capables de détecter en temps réel un effort cognitif important, ces dispositifs devront être capables de visualiser l'effort sur un unique évènement. Une piste intéressante consisterait à explorer la faisabilité de la suppression de l'influence de la respiration sur la variation du rythme cardiaque. Si cela s'avère efficace, des assistances pourraient ainsi permettre d'alerter le conducteur ou de pallier ses erreurs lorsque celui-ci ne peut plus assurer la tâche de conduite en raison d'un effort cognitif important.

Published
2016

19. Modulation of taste receptor mRNA expression, inflammation and junction permeability in the lingual papillae in diet-induced obese mice

Author

Djeziri , Fatima, Belarbi , Meriem, Leemput , Julia, Hichami , Aziz, Khan , Naim, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Lingual, Taste receptors, Diet
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

20. Effectiveness effects of three medicinal plants in diabetic pregnancy

Author

Fachinan, Rufine, Nekoua, Magloire, Hichami , Aziz, Moutairou , Kabirou, Khan , Naim, Yessoufou , Akadiri, Université d'Abomey Calavi, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
Treatment, Medicinal plants, Pregnancy, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Herbs
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

21. Tunisian grape seed extracts decrease LPS-induced inflammation in murine macrophages

Author

Harbeoui, Hela, Hichami, Aziz, Leemput, Julia, Tounsi, Moufida Saidani, Khan, Naim Akhtar, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Laboratoire des plantes aromatiques et médicinales (Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles, Tunis), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis - Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Laboratoire des plantes aromatiques et médicinales (Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles, Tunis) (LPAM), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), and université de Bourgogne, LNC

Subjects
Inflammation, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Murine macrophages
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

22. Zizyphin modulates sugar and fat taste perception: evidence from behavioural and calcium signaling studies

Author

Murtaza , Babar, Meyriem , Berrichi, Hichami , Aziz, Leemput , Julia, Belarbi , Meriem, Bennamara , Chahid, Khan , Naim, Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], and université de Bourgogne, LNC

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Calcium, Zizyphine
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

23. Association of genetic polymorphism with fat and bitter taste modalities in obese participants

Author

Sayed , Amira, Karmous , Inchirah, Plesnik , Jiri, Šerý , Omar, Abid , Abdelmajid, Aouidet , Abdallah, Khan , Naim Akhtar, Université Mentouri Constantine [Algérie] (UMC), Ecole Supérieure des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé de Tunis (ESSTST), Faculty of Science [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Institut National de Nutrition et de Technologie Alimentaire (Tunis) (INNTA), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Université Mentouri Constantine, Ecole Supérieure des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé de Tunis ( ESSTST ), University of science (Masaryk University), Masaryk University, Institut National de Nutrition et de Technologie Alimentaire (Tunis) ( INNTA ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Obesity, Genetic variation
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

24. Polyphenol-rich extract from solanum nigrum induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in U2OS human osteosarcoma cell line

Author

Nani , Abdelhafid, Belarbi , Meriem, Dumont, Adelie, Akhtar Khan , Naim, Rialland , Mickael, Ghiringhelli , François, Hichami , Aziz, Université d'Adrar, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Polyphenol-rich extract, U2OS human osteosarcoma cell line
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

25. Oral sensitivity to oleic acid and food behaviors in athletes

Author

Saidi, Oussama, Beji, Aja Serairi, Ayadi, Emna, Ben Ayed, Ikram, Kaabi, Sofiene, Khan, Naim Akhtar, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (Université Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Laboratoire des plantes aromatiques et médicinales (Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles, Tunis), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis - Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis ( FST ), Université Tunis El Manar ( UTM ), Centre National de la Medecine et des Sciences des Sports (Tunis) ( CNMSS ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Federation of european physiological society and the french physiological society, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Laboratoire des plantes aromatiques et médicinales (Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles, Tunis) (LPAM), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Centre National de la Medecine et des Sciences des Sports (Tunis) (CNMSS), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), and université de Bourgogne, LNC

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food behaviors, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Athletes, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Oleic acid
Abstract

International audience; The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that fat oral-intensity perception may be associated with level of physical activity, food preferences and consumption of fat-rich foods. METHODS: 52 top athletes from different discipline (weightlifting, kayaking, athletics…) of both sexes (27 male, 25 female) underwent anthropometric measurement, assessment of body composition, and completed a 4-day diet record and physical activity diary. In addition, they were screened for oral sensitivity to oleic acid (0.375 mM, 0.75mM, 1.5mM, 3mM, 6mM, 12mM) using triplicate sensory evaluations for each concentration. According to the threshold of fat perception, subjects were allocated to three groups G1 (0.375mM-3mM), G2 (6mM-12mM), G3> (12mM). Further, food habits and behaviors (food habits and behaviors questionnaire) were also established. RESULTS: Male athletes; BMI, 25,3±4,4kg/m², age, 18,88±1,53 years, BF%, 12,52±9,2, TEE, 3763,1±460 kcal . Female athletes; BMI, 24,17±4,54 kg/m², age, 16,11±1,93 years, BF% 21,70±7,4, TEE, 3106±310,05 cal. 85%. (n = 44) of subjects were classified as hyposensitive and nonsensitive (G2, G3). These subjects differed from those who were classified as hypersensitive (G1). Hyposensitive and nonsensitive subjects have a higher training volume, and total energy expenditure. They consumed significantly more energy, fat, saturated fat, fatty foods, , compared to hypersensitive subjects (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: An inability to perceive low concentrations of fatty acids in foods was associated with higher training volume and greater consumption of fatty foods. Our results suggest the probability of criminalization of physical activity in the regulation of orosensory fat taste perception and therefore fat intake.

Published
2016

26. Orosensory detection of dietary fat is decreased in CB1R-/- mice

Author

Brissard , Léa, Leemput , Julia, Demizieux , Laurent, Maquart , Guillaume, Besnard , Philippe, Degrace , Pascal, Khan , Naim-Akhtar, Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), and Physiopathologie des Dyslipidémies (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 6)

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], CB1R, dietary, Orosensory detection
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

27. Anti-inflammatory effect of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) in the pancreas and Min-6 cell line

Author

Aloui , Faten, Hichami , Aziz, Subramaniam , Silva Comar, Limam , Farid, Aouani , Ezzedine, Khan , Naim, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria (Hammam-Lif, Tunisie), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Anti-inflammatory effect, Pancreas, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Grape seed
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

28. Monitoring training response with heart rate variability in elite adolescent athletes: is there a difference between judoka and swimmers?

Author

Vacher, P., Nicolas, M., Laurent Mourot, Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] ( PSY-DREPI ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport ( SPMS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Vacher, Philippe, Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] (PSY-DREPI), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport (SPMS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

29. The neural networks underlying the liking and wanting responses to food odors are modified in bulimia nervosa

Author

Jiang, Tao, Soussignan, Robert, Schaal, Benoist, Rigaud, Daniel, Carrier, Edward, Jean-Pierre Royet, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Clinique Saint Vincent de Paul, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, université de Bourgogne, CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), UMR 5292, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon ( CRNL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon )

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, food, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], bulimia nervosa, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

The neural networks underlying the liking and wanting responses to food odors are modified in bulimia nervosa. 25. Congress of the european chemoreception research organisation (ECRO)

Published
2016

30. Do Stretch Durations Affect Muscle Mechanical and Neurophysiological Properties?

Author

Jules Opplert, Nicolas Babault, J.-B. Genty, Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] ( CEP ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Time Factors, M wave, Stiffness index, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Plantar flexion, Static stretching, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, stiffness, 0302 clinical medicine, Muscle Stretching Exercises, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, H reflex, Muscle, Skeletal, soleus, dose-response, Foot, Chemistry, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 030229 sport sciences, Anatomy, Neurophysiology, Fascicle, Torque, Isokinetic dynamometer, medicine.symptom, H-reflex, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; The aim of the study was to determine whether stretching durations influence acute changes of mechanical and neurophysiological properties of plantar flexor muscles. Plantar flexors of 10 active males were stretched in passive conditions on an isokinetic dynamometer. Different durations of static stretching were tested in 5 randomly ordered experimental trials (1, 2, 3, 4 and 10×30-s). Fascicle stiffness index, evoked contractile properties and spinal excitability (Hmax/Mmax) were examined before (PRE), immediately after (POST0) and 5 min after (POST5) stretching. No stretch duration effect was recorded for any variable. Moreover, whatever the stretching duration, stiffness index, peak twitch torque and rate of force development were significantly lower at POST0 and POST5 as compared to PRE (P

Published
2016

31. Effects of Constant and Doublet Frequency Electrical Stimulation Patterns on Force Production of Knee Extensor Muscles

Author

Carole Cometti, Nicolas Babault, Gaëlle Deley, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] ( CEP ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'expertise de la performance Gilles Cometti [Dijon] (CEP), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Male, contractions, Muscle Physiology, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Contraction (grammar), Knee Joint, Refractory Period, Electrophysiological, Physiology, Refractory period, Knees, lcsh:Medicine, Stimulation, Knee Joints, Isometric exercise, Electromyography, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Endoplasmic Reticulum, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Medicine and Health Sciences, lcsh:Science, Spinal Cord Injury, Musculoskeletal System, Trauma Medicine, Physics, Secretory Pathway, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Classical Mechanics, Anatomy, Neurology, Cell Processes, Physical Sciences, Muscle Fatigue, Legs, spinal-cord-injury, Cellular Structures and Organelles, medicine.symptom, adaptations, Traumatic Injury, individuals, Research Article, Muscle Contraction, Muscle contraction, Adult, human skeletal-muscle, Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures, trains, Motion, 03 medical and health sciences, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnostic Medicine, Isometric Contraction, Sarcoplasmic Reticula, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, Functional electrical stimulation, Muscle, Skeletal, potentiation, Functional Electrical Stimulation, Muscle fatigue, lcsh:R, Limbs (Anatomy), Biology and Life Sciences, Cell Biology, 030229 sport sciences, Electric Stimulation, Joints (Anatomy), Torque, recruitment, responses, lcsh:Q, fatigue, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; This study compared knee extensors' neuromuscular fatigue in response to two 30-minute stimulation patterns: constant frequency train (CFT) and doublet frequency train (DFT). Fifteen men underwent two separate sessions corresponding to each pattern. Measurements included torque evoked by each contraction and maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) measured before and immediately after the stimulation sessions. In addition, activation level and torque evoked during doublets (Pd) and tetanic contractions at 80-Hz (P80) and 20-Hz (P20) were determined in six subjects. Results indicated greater mean torque during the DFT stimulation session as compared with CFT. But, no difference was obtained between the two stimulation patterns for MVC and evoked torque decreases. Measurements conducted in the subgroup depicted a significant reduction of Pd, P20 and P80. Statistical analyses also revealed bigger P20 immediate reductions after CFT than after DFT. We concluded that DFT could be a useful stimulation pattern to produce and maintain greater force with quite similar fatigue than CFT.

Published
2016

32. Monitoring stress and recovery states: Structural and external stages of the short version of the RESTQ sport in elite swimmers before championships

Author

Laurent Mourot, Philippe Vacher, Michel Nicolas, Guillaume Martinent, Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport (SPMS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] (PSY-DREPI), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (EA 7428) (L-VIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] ( PSY-DREPI ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Laboratoire de Socio-Psychologie et Management du Sport ( SPMS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (EA 7428) ( L-VIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( PCVP / CARDIO ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon )

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Monitoring, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Stress, Confirmatory factor analysis, lcsh:GV557-1198.995, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Recovery, Heart rate, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Heart rate variability, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Competitive sport, lcsh:Sports medicine, Championship, Adaptation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Maladaptation, lcsh:Sports, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 030229 sport sciences, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Physical therapy, Original Article, Analysis of variance, lcsh:RC1200-1245, Training program, Psychology, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background: Psychological stress and recovery monitoring is a key issue for increasing athletes' health, well-being, and performance. This multi-study report examined changes and the dose–response relationships between recovery–stress psychological states, training load (TL), heart rate (HR), heart rate recovery (HRR), and heart rate variability (HRV) while providing evidence for the factorial validity of a short French version of the Recovery–Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-36-R-Sport). Methods: Four hundred and seventy-three university athletes (Study 1), 72 full expert swimmers (Study 2), and 11 national to international swimmers (Study 3) participated in the study. Data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analyses (Study 1), repeated ANOVAs and correlational analyses (Study 2), t tests and correlational analyses (Study 3). Results: Multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses showed that the RESTQ-36-R-Sport scores were partially invariant across gender, type of sport, and practice level (Study 1). A dose–response relationship was performed between TL and RESTQ-36-R-Sport scores during an ecological training program (Study 2). Finally, relationships were found between physiological (HRR) and psychological (RESTQ-36-R-Sport) states during an ecological tapering period leading to a national championship (Study 3). Conclusion: As a whole, these findings provided evidence for the usefulness of the short version of the RESTQ-36-R-Sport for regular monitoring to prevent potential maladaptation due to intensive competitive sport practice. Keywords: Adaptation, Confirmatory factor analysis, Heart rate variability, Monitoring, Recovery, Stress

Published
2016

33. Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

Author

Naim Akhtar Khan, Patricia Passilly-Degrace, Philippe Besnard, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Food intake, Taste, Physiology, Long-Chain Fatty, Acid Transporter Fat, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, Review, Biology, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Food Preferences, 03 medical and health sciences, Bud Cells, Risk Factors, 2-Bottle Choice Test, Physiology (medical), Obesity-Resistant Rats, Animals, Humans, Gastric Bypass-Surgery, Obesity, Gustatory pathway, Taste Bud Cells, Molecular Biology, Modality (semiotics), [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Fatty Acids, Taste Perception, Feeding Behavior, General Medicine, Taste Buds, Dietary Fats, Sweet Taste, Vasoactive-Intestinal-Peptide, 030104 developmental biology, Overconsumption, Biochemistry, Eating behavior, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Digestive functions, Receptor-Cells, Neuroscience, Signal Transduction
Abstract

International audience; An attraction for palatable foods rich in lipids is shared by rodents and humans. Over the last decade, the mechanisms responsible for this specific eating behavior have been actively studied, and compelling evidence implicates a taste component in the orosensory detection of dietary lipids [i.e., long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)], in addition to textural, olfactory, and postingestive cues. The interactions between LCFA and specific receptors in taste bud cells (TBC) elicit physiological changes that affect both food intake and digestive functions. After a short overview of the gustatory pathway, this review brings together the key findings consistent with the existence of a sixth taste modality devoted to the perception of lipids. The main steps leading to this new paradigm (i.e., chemoreception of LCFA in TBC, cell signaling cascade, transfer of lipid signals throughout the gustatory nervous pathway, and their physiological consequences) will be critically analyzed. The limitations to this concept will also be discussed in the light of our current knowledge of the sense of taste. Finally, we will analyze the recent literature on obesity-related dysfunctions in the orosensory detection of lipids ("fatty" taste?), in relation to the overconsumption of fat-rich foods and the associated health risks.

Published
2016

34. Psycho-Physiological Responses of Obese Adolescents to an Intermittent Run Test Compared with a 20-M Shuttle Run

Author

Rey , Olivier, Maïano , Christophe, Nicol , Caroline, Mercier , Charles-Symphorien, Vallier , Jean-Marc, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Département de psychoéducation et de psychologie, Université du Québec en Outaouais ( UQO ), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey ( ISM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle ( CERV ), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest ( ENIB ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Institut des Sciences du Mouvement Etienne Jules Marey (ISM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre Européen de Réalité Virtuelle (CERV), École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
aerobic fitness, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], physical self, paediatric obesity, Running test, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PED ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology
Abstract

International audience; Among the running field tests that measure aerobic fitness indirectly , the 20-m shuttle run test is the one most commonly used among obese youth. However, this back and forth running test induces premature cessation of exercise in this population. The present study aimed to examine the psycho-physiological responses of obese adolescents to an intermittent (15-15) progressive and maximal run test as compared with a continuous shuttle run test. Eleven obese adolescents (age: 14-15 years; BMI = 34.01 ± 5.30 kg • m-2) performed both tests. A two-way ANOVA examined the main effects of the running test, participant's sex, and their interaction on maximal aerobic performance (net exercise duration and final velocity), physiological values (heart rate, pulmonary oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio and blood lactate concentration) and psychological responses (rating of perceived exertion, and physical self-perceptions). Oxygen uptake and heart-rate values at 9 km • h-1 were also compared. Compared with a 20-m shuttle run, the 15-15 test induced lower pulmonary oxygen uptake values at 9 km/h (28.3 ± 2.7 vs. 35.4 ± 2.7 ml • min-1 • kg-1) and finished with higher maximal velocity and net exercise duration (566 ± 156 vs. 346 ± 156 s, p < 0.001), with no inter-test physiological difference. The 15-15 test also resulted in higher ratings of perceived exertion (16.0 ± 1.2 vs. 12.7 ± 1.6, p < 0.001) and improved perceived physical condition compared with the 20-m shuttle run (+1.4 ± 1.4 vs. +0.2 ± 1.0, p < 0.05). Both tests induced a maximal aerobic power of obese adolescents, but the 15-15 test provided a more progressive speed increment and longer exercise duration. The 15-15 test also elicited a significant improvement of perceived physical condition. In conclusion the 15-15 test can be considered a relevant field test for assessing the aerobic fitness of obese adolescents.

Published
2016

35. Protective effects of polyphenol-rich infusions from carob 'Ceratonia siliqua' leaves and cladodes 'Opuntia ficus-indica' against inflammation associated with diet-induced obesity and DSS-induced colitis

Author

Aboura , Ikram, Belarbi , Meriem, Nani , Abdelhafid, Benammard , Chahid, Khan , Naim, Rialland , Mickael, Ghiringhelli , François, Hichami , Aziz, université de Bourgogne, LNC, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), laboratoire des Produits Naturels, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], and Université d'Adrar

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

36. Atrial fibrillation is associated with a marker of endothelial function and oxidative stress in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Author

Stamboul, Karim, Lorin, Julie, Lorgis, Luc, Beer, Jean-Claude, Rochette, Luc, Vergely, Catherine, Cottin, Yves, Zeller, Marianne, université de Bourgogne, LNC, Service de Cardiologie [CHU de Dijon], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 5) ( LPPCM ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire de Physiopathologie et Pharmacologie Cardio-Métaboliques (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 5) (LPPCM), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)

Subjects
Risk, Adma, Asymmetric dimethylarginine, Impact, Chronic heart-failure, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Dysfunction, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Disease, Mortality, Oxide synthase inhibition
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

37. Taste for fat: the 6th taste modality

Author

Khan , Naim, université de Bourgogne, LNC, Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
Vasoactive-Intestinal-Peptide, Bud Cells, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 2-Bottle Choice Test, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Obesity-Resistant Rats, Long-Chain Fatty, Acid Transporter Fat, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, Gastric Bypass-Surgery, Receptor-Cells, Sweet Taste
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

38. Changes in Contributions of Swim, Cycle, and Run Performances on Overall Triathlon Performance over a 26-year period

Author

Figueiredo , Pedro, Marques , Elisa A, Lepers , Romuald, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Human performance
Abstract

International audience; This study examined the changes in the individual contribution of each discipline to the overall performance of Olympic and Ironman distance triathlons among males and females. Between 1989 and 2013, overall performances and their component disciplines (swim, cycle, run) were analyzed from the top 50 overall male and female finishers. Regression analyses determined that for the Olympic distance, the split times in swimming and running decreased over the years (r = 0.25 - 0.43, p < 0.05), while the cycle split and total time remained unchanged (p > 0.05), for both sexes. For the Ironman distance, the cycling and running splits, and total time decreased (r = 0.19 - 0.88, p < 0.05) while swimming time remained stable, for both males and females. The average contribution of the swim stage (∼18%) was smaller than the cycle and run stages (p < 0.05), for both distances and both sexes. Running (∼47%) and then cycling (∼36%) had the greatest contribution to overall performance for the Olympic distance (∼47%), while for the Ironman distance, cycling and running presented similar contributions (∼40%, p > 0.05). Across the years, in the Olympic distance, swimming contribution significantly decreased for females and males (r = 0.51 and 0.68, p < 0.001, respectively), while running increased for males (r = 0.33, p = 0.014). In the Ironman distance, swim and cycle contributions changed in an undulating fashion, being inverse between the two segments, for both sexes (p < 0.01), while running contribution decreased for males only (r = 0.61, p = 0.001). These findings highlight that strategies to improve running performance should be the main focus on the preparation to compete in the Olympic distance. Whereas in the Ironman both cycling and running are decisive and should be well developed.

Published
2016

39. Carob leaves polyphenols trigger intrinsic apoptosis pathway and induce cell cycle arrest in colon cancer cells

Author

Ghanemi, Fatima Zahra, Belarbi, Meriem, Fluckiger, Aurelie, Nani, Abdelhafid, Dumont, Adelie, Rosny, Charlotte, Aboura, Ikram, Benammar, Chahid, Lahfa, Boucif Farid, Delmas, Dominique, Rebe, Cedric, Lionel Apetoh, Khan, Akhtar Naim, Rialland, Mickael, Ghiringhelli, Francois, Hichami, Aziz, université de Bourgogne, LNC, Université Aboubekr Belkaid - University of Belkaïd Abou Bekr [Tlemcen], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Polyphenols, Colon cancer
Abstract

IF 4.066; International audience

Published
2016

40. Evidence for hypothalamic ketone bodies sensing: impact on food intake and peripheral metabolic responses in mice

Author

Luc Pellerin, Lionel Carneiro, Xavier Fioramonti, Corinne Leloup, Cendrine Repond, Sarah Geller, Audrey Hébert, Department of Physiology, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), the Swiss Fond National de Recherche Scientifique through grant no. 31003A-140957, a grant from the Societe Francophone du Diabete in 2014., University of Lausanne, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, 0301 basic medicine, obesity, nervous-system, Physiology, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ketone Bodies, Energy homeostasis, Eating, Mice, bodies, Homeostasis, Glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, Agouti-Related Protein, Neuropeptide Y, Phosphorylation, monocarboxylate transporters, 2. Zero hunger, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], fat mass, Hypothalamus, Ketone bodies, Starvation response, ketogenic mediterranean diet, weight-loss, medicine.medical_specialty, beta-hydroxybutyrate, Biology, Diet, High-Fat, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, rat-brain, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Animals, glucose homeostasis, Adenylate Kinase/metabolism, Agouti-Related Protein/metabolism, Eating/drug effects, Eating/physiology, Energy Metabolism/drug effects, Energy Metabolism/physiology, Gluconeogenesis/drug effects, Gluconeogenesis/physiology, Hypothalamus/drug effects, Hypothalamus/metabolism, Insulin Resistance/physiology, Ketone Bodies/pharmacology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neuropeptide Y/metabolism, Phosphorylation/drug effects, energy homeostasis, Adenylate Kinase, Gluconeogenesis, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, low-carbohydrate, Insulin Resistance, Energy Metabolism, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Monocarboxylates have been implicated in the control of energy homeostasis. Among them, the putative role of ketone bodies produced notably during high-fat diet (HFD) has not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we aimed to determine the impact of a specific rise in cerebral ketone bodies on food intake and energy homeostasis regulation. A carotid infusion of ketone bodies was performed on mice to stimulate sensitive brain areas for 6 or 12 h. At each time point, food intake and different markers of energy homeostasis were analyzed to reveal the consequences of cerebral increase in ketone body level detection. First, an increase in food intake appeared over a 12-h period of brain ketone body perfusion. This stimulated food intake was associated with an increased expression of the hypothalamic neuropeptides NPY and AgRP as well as phosphorylated AMPK and is due to ketone bodies sensed by the brain, as blood ketone body levels did not change at that time. In parallel, gluconeogenesis and insulin sensitivity were transiently altered. Indeed, a dysregulation of glucose production and insulin secretion was observed after 6 h of ketone body perfusion, which reversed to normal at 12 h of perfusion. Altogether, these results suggest that an increase in brain ketone body concentration leads to hyperphagia and a transient perturbation of peripheral metabolic homeostasis.

Published
2016

41. A new method to calculate external mechanical work using force-platform data in ecological situations in humans: Application to Parkinson's disease

Author

Vincent Gigot, Thomas Mouillot, Laurent Brondel, Davy Laroche, Matthieu Rosse, Agnès Jacquin-Piques, Virginie Van Wymelbeke, Michel Tavan, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service de médecine gériatrique (CHU de Dijon - Centre gériatrique de Champmaillot - EHPAD), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] (PIT), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie (CIC-P803), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique (CHU Dijon), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie (CHU de Dijon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UR Service de Médecine Gériatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Plateforme d’Investigation Technologique [Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1432 module Plurithématique - Dijon] ( PIT ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1432 (Dijon) - Module Plurithématique : Périnatalité Cancérologie Handicap et Ophtalmologie ( CIC-P803 ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Brondel, Laurent

Subjects
Adult, Male, External mechanical work, Piezoelectric sensor, Computer science, Parkinson's disease, Biophysics, Médecine humaine et pathologie, Models, Biological, Signal, Displacement (vector), Human physical activity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Force platform, Physiologie, Simulation, energy expenditure, external mechanical work, human physical activity, parkinson's disease, work efficiency, Signal processing, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Work (physics), Pendulum, Parkinson Disease, Work efficiency, 030229 sport sciences, Filter (signal processing), Biomechanical Phenomena, Case-Control Studies, physiology, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Exercise Test, Human health and pathology, Energy expenditure, Energy Metabolism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background and aim To accurately quantify the cost of physical activity and to evaluate the different components of energy expenditure in humans, it is necessary to evaluate external mechanical work ( W EXT ). Large platform systems surpass other currently used techniques. Here, we describe a calculation method for force-platforms to calculate long-term W EXT . Methods Each force-platform (2.46 × 1.60 m and 3.80 × 2.48 m) rests on 4 piezoelectric sensors. During long periods of recording, a drift in the speed of displacement of the center of mass (necessary to calculate W EXT ) is generated. To suppress this drift, wavelet decomposition is used to low-pass filter the source signal. By using wavelet decomposition coefficients, the source signal can be recovered. To check the validity of W EXT calculations after signal processing, an oscillating pendulum system was first used; then, 10 healthy subjects performed a standardized exercise (squatting exercise). A medical application is also reported in eight Parkinsonian patients during the timed “get-up and go” test and compared with the same test in ten healthy subjects. Results Values of W EXT with the oscillating pendulum showed that the system was accurate and reliable. During the squatting exercise, the average measured W EXT was 0.4% lower than theoretical work. W EXT and mechanical work efficiency during the “get-up and go” test in Parkinson's disease patients in comparison with that of healthy subjects were very coherent. Conclusions This method has numerous applications for studying physical activity and mechanical work efficiency in physiological and pathological conditions.

Published
2016

42. Cortical taste activity in response to sucrose and sweeteners solutions: a study using gustatory evoked potential

Author

Mouillot, Thomas, Paris, Anais, Greco, Camille, Penicaud, Luc, Corinne Leloup, Brondel, Laurent, Jacquin-Piques, Agnes, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC )

Subjects
[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], saccharose, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], potentiels évoqués, édulcorants
Abstract

Introduction: Sweeteners are widespread in overweight or diabetic patients because of their high sweetening power and their light effect on glycaemia. Sweeteners effects on cortical activity, reflecting both cortical analysis and gustatory signalization pathway, are not well known. We observed previously that gustatory evoked potentials (GEPs) in response to sucrose varied in latency and/or in amplitude with sucrose concentration of the solution, the pleasantness of taste and the feeding status. The aim was to compare the gustatory cortical activity by recording GEPs in response to sucrose, aspartame and stevia solutions.Methods: Twenty healthy non-smoker adult volunteers were included (mean age 22 ± 2,47 years). GEPs were obtained after stimulation of taste receptors with sucrose and sweeteners solutions. Three randomly assigned sessions (during 3 different days) were performed for each subject: one with sucrose (10 g/100 ml of Evian water), one with aspartame (0.05 g/100 ml) and one with stevia (0.033 g/100 ml). Concentrations have been chosen in order to induce the same sweetening power for each molecule. Results: GEPs latency from primary gustatory cortex (Cz electrode) for sucrose, aspartame and stevia stimuli were respectively 149 ± 37 ms, 178 ± 42 ms and 203 ± 49ms, showing a significant shorter GEPs latency in response to the sucrose solution (p

Published
2016

43. Towards human exploration of space: the THESEUS review series on cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal research priorities

Author

Stéphane Blanc, Irina André E. Larina, Olivier White, Kim Prisk, Dag Linnarsson, André Aubert, Iman Momken, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven ), Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] ( RAS ), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie ( DEPE-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Unité de biologie intégrative des adaptations à l'exercice ( UBIAE ), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne ( UEVE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), University of California [San Diego] ( UC San Diego ), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institute of biomedical problems, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Unité de biologie intégrative des adaptations à l'exercice (UBIAE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), University of California (UC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Gaillard, Brigitte

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences, Engineering, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), MathematicsofComputing_GENERAL, Medicine (miscellaneous), astronauts, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Space exploration, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Deep space missions, InformationSystems_GENERAL, 0302 clinical medicine, blood-pressure, [ SHS.INFO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, European commission, Space research, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, exercise, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.CSC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Expert group, central venous-pressure, Editorial, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Engineering ethics, [ SDV.MHEP.HEG ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Materials Science (miscellaneous), [SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], long-duration spaceflight, Relevance (information retrieval), heart-rate, Simulation, business.industry, Principal (computer security), [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, 030229 sport sciences, microgravity, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, station, foot forces, orthostatic intolerance, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Abstract

International audience; The THESEUS project (Towards Human Exploration of Space: aEUropean Strategy) was initiated within the seventh FrameworkProgramme by the European Commission. This project aimed toprovide a cross-cutting, life science-based roadmap for Europe’sstrategy towards human exploration of space, especially for deepspace missions and its relevance to applications on Earth. Toaddress these challenges, relevance of space research on thecardiovascular system, the lungs and kidneys, was discussed in anexpert group and its principal conclusions will be presented in thisarticle.

Published
2016

44. Neuromuscular and physiological variables evolve independently when running immediately after cycling

Author

Alexander Stamenkovic, Joel A. Walsh, Romuald Lepers, Paul J. Stapley, Gregory E Peoples, Neural Control of Movement Laboratory [University of Wollongong], University of Wollongong, Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] ( CAPS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of Wollongong [Australia], Cognition, Action, et Plasticité Sensorimotrice [Dijon - U1093] (CAPS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, energy-cost, performance-level, Biophysics, Neuroscience (miscellaneous), submaximal exercise, Biology, Triathlon, Lower limb, Running, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, EMG, muscle-fiber type, Heart rate, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, olympic-triathlon, Muscle, Skeletal, Cycle-run, Reproducibility, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Cycling, slow component, Oxygen uptake, Adaptation, Physiological, priming exercise, Bicycling, body regions, o-2 uptake kinetics, prior heavy exercise, Motor unit recruitment, Transition, Physical therapy, oxygen-uptake kinetics, Neurology (clinical)
Abstract

International audience; During the early period of running after cycling, EMG patterns of the leg are modified in only some highly trained triathletes. The majority of studies have analysed muscle EMG patterns at arbitrary, predetermined time points. The purpose of this study was to examine changes to EMG patterns of the lower limb at physiologically determined times during the cycle-run transition period to better investigate neuromuscular adaptations. Six highly trained triathletes completed a 10 min isolated run (IR), 30 min of rest, then a 20 min cycling procedure, before a 10 min transition run (C-R). Surface EMG activity of eight lower limb muscles was recorded, normalised and quantified at four time points. Oxygen uptake and heart rate values were also collected. Across all muscles, mean (+/- SD) EMG patterns, demonstrated significant levels of reproducibility for each participant at all four time points (alpha < 0.05; r = 0.52-0.97). Mean EMG patterns during C-R correlated highly with the IR patterns (alpha < 0.05). These results show that EMG patterns during subsequent running are not significantly affected by prior cycling. However, variability of muscle recruitment activity does appear to increase during C-R transition when compared to IR.

Published
2015

45. Salivary Hormones Response to Preparation and Pre-competitive Training of World-class Level Athletes

Author

Nicolas Gendreau, Dominique Bonneau, Gaël Guilhem, Christine Hanon, Arnaud Guével, Mounir Chennaoui, French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM - EA 7330), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Research Department, Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) ( SEP (EA7370) ), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique ( VIFASOM - EA 7330 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance, Université de Nantes ( UN ), Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Le Mans Université (UM)

Subjects
Immunoglobulin A, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, education, chromogranin A, immunoglobulin A, lcsh:Physiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Kinase activity, Testosterone, Original Research, lcsh:QP1-981, biology, business.industry, Athletes, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], creatine kinase, athletics training, Chromogranin A, alpha-amylase, 030229 sport sciences, biology.organism_classification, Endocrinology, Mood, biology.protein, Creatine kinase, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Hormone
Abstract

International audience; This study aimed to compare the response of salivary hormones of track and field athletes induced by preparation and pre-competitive training periods in an attempt to comment on the physiological effects consistent with the responses of each of the proteins measured. Salivary testosterone, cortisol, alpha-amylase, immunoglobulin A (IgA), chromogranin A, blood creatine kinase activity, and profile of mood state were assessed at rest in 24 world-class level athletes during preparation (3 times in 3 months) and pre-competitive (5 times in 5 weeks) training periods. Total mood disturbance and fatigue perception were reduced, while IgA (+61%) and creatine kinase activity (+43%) increased, and chromogranin A decreased (−27%) during pre-competitive compared to preparation period. A significant increase in salivary testosterone (+9 to +15%) and a decrease in testosterone/cortisol ratio were associated with a progressive reduction in training load during pre-competitive period (P < 0.05). None of the psycho-physiological parameters were significantly correlated to training load during the pre-competitive period. Results showed a lower adrenocortical response and autonomic activity, and an improvement of immunity status, in response to the reduction in training load and fatigue, without significant correlations of salivary hormones with training load. Our findings suggest that saliva composition is sensitive to training contents (season period) but could not be related to workload resulting from track and field athletics training.

Published
2015

46. Sprint Mechanics in World-Class Athletes: A New Insight into the Limits of Human Locomotion

Author

Rabita, Giuseppe, DOREL, Sylvain, Slawinski, Jean, Saez de Villareal, Eduardo, Couturier, Antoine, Samozino, Pierre, MORIN, Jean-Benoît, Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)

Subjects
Adult, Male, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Performance, Acceleration, elite sprinters, Force orientation, Video Recording, Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Biomechanical Phenomena, Running, Kinetics, Young Adult, power output, Exercise Test, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
Abstract

Epub 2015 Jan 31; The objective of this study was to characterize the mechanics of maximal running sprint acceleration in high-level athletes. Four elite (100-m best time 9.95-10.29 s) and five sub-elite (10.40-10.60 s) sprinters performed seven sprints in overground conditions. A single virtual 40-m sprint was reconstructed and kinetics parameters were calculated for each step using a force platform system and video analyses. Anteroposterior force (FY), power (PY), and the ratio of the horizontal force component to the resultant (total) force (RF, which reflects the orientation of the resultant ground reaction force for each support phase) were computed as a function of velocity (V). FY-V, RF-V, and PY-V relationships were well described by significant linear (mean R(2) of 0.892 ± 0.049 and 0.950 ± 0.023) and quadratic (mean R(2) = 0.732 ± 0.114) models, respectively. The current study allows a better understanding of the mechanics of the sprint acceleration notably by modeling the relationships between the forward velocity and the main mechanical key variables of the sprint. As these findings partly concern world-class sprinters tested in overground conditions, they give new insights into some aspects of the biomechanical limits of human locomotion.

Published
2015

47. Acceleration Capability in Elite Sprinters and Ground Impulse : Push More, Brake Less?

Author

Antoine Couturier, Eduardo Saez de Villareal, Giuseppe Rabita, Sylvain Dorel, Jean-Benoit Morin, Pierre Samozino, Jean Slawinski, Matt Brughelli, Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé (LAMHESS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement (CeRSM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Motricité, interactions, performance EA 4334 / Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), French Institute of Sport (INSEP), Laboratory Sport, Expertise and Performance (EA7370) (SEP (EA7370)), Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance (INSEP), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Auckland University of Technology (AUT), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), Motricité, interaction, performance EA 4334 (MIP), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé ( LAMHESS ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ), Centre de Recherche sur le Sport et le Mouvement ( CeRSM ), Université Paris Nanterre ( UPN ), Motricité, interaction, performance ( MIP ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité ( LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ), Auckland University of Technology ( AUT ), and Institut national du sport, de l'expertise et de la performance ( INSEP )

Subjects
Male, Ground reaction force, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Acceleration, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Impulse (physics), Athletic Performance, Analyse du Mouvement en Biomécanique Physiologie et Imagerie, Running, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Linear regression, Brake, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Force platform, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Simulation, [ PHYS.MECA.BIOM ] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Mathematics, Mechanical Phenomena, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Rehabilitation, 030229 sport sciences, Mechanics, Biomechanical Phenomena, Sprint, Sprint start, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Epub 2015 Jul 17; Overground sprint studies have shown the importance of net horizontal ground reaction force impulse (IMPH) for acceleration performance, but only investigated one or two steps over the acceleration phase, and not in elite sprinters. The main aim of this study was to distinguish between propulsive (IMPH+) and braking (IMPH−) components of the IMPH and seek whether, for an expected higher IMPH, faster elite sprinters produce greater IMPH+, smaller IMPH−, or both.Nine high-level sprinters (100-m best times range: 9.95–10.60 s) performed 7 sprints (2×10 m, 2×15 m, 20 m, 30 m and 40 m) during which ground reaction force was measured by a 6.60 m force platform system. By placing the starting-blocks further from the force plates at each trial, and pooling the data, we could assess the mechanics of an entire “virtual” 40-m acceleration.IMPH and IMPH+ were significantly correlated with 40-m mean speed (r=0.868 and 0.802, respectively; P

Published
2015

48. The Neural networks underlying the liking and wanting responses to food odors are modified in anorexia nervosa

Author

Tao, Jiang, Soussignan, R., Schaal, B., Rigaud, D., Carrier, E., Jean-Pierre Royet, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), UMR 5292, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

The Neural networks underlying the liking and wanting responses to food odors are modified in anorexia nervosa. 25. Congress of the european chemoreception research organisation (ECRO)

Published
2015

49. Astrocyte VAMP3 vesicles undergo Ca2+ -independent cycling and modulate glutamate transporter trafficking

Author

Li, Dongdong, Hérault, Karine, Zylbersztejn, Kathleen, Lauterbach, Marcel A, Guillon, Marc, Oheim, Martin, Ropert, Nicole, Neurophysiologie et nouvelles microscopies ( NNM (UM 82) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de physiologie cérébrale ( LPC - UMR 8118 ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ), Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Trafic Membranaire et Morphogenèse Neuronale & Epithéliale, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire de Neurophotonique ( UMR 8250 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), France-Berkeley. Grant Number: RRZR03LU, European Union FP6-STRP-2006-037897 FP7-ERA-NET Neuron 09NEUR006, Universite Paris Descartes 1199PJ05, CNRS, Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM), Ecole des Neuroscience de Paris (ENP), Centre for Competences in Nano-Science (C'Nano), Marie Curie program PIEF-GA-2011-297917, ANR-11-BSV4-0004,OptoGlia,Optogénétique contrôle de la gliotransmission ( 2011 ), Neurophysiologie et nouvelles microscopies (NNM (UM 82)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de physiologie cérébrale (LPC - UMR 8118), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Neurophotonique (UMR 8250), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-BSV4-0004,OptoGlia,Optogénétique contrôle de la gliotransmission(2011), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)

Subjects
Cerebral Cortex, Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein 3, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Amino Acid Transport System X-AG, Neuroscience: Cellular/Molecular, Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Mice, Protein Transport, Astrocytes, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Animals, Calcium, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Transport Vesicles, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

International audience; Mouse cortical astrocytes express VAMP3 but not VAMP2. VAMP3 vesicles undergo Ca(2+) -independent exo- and endocytotic cycling at the plasma membrane. VAMP3 vesicle traffic regulates the recycling of plasma membrane glutamate transporters. cAMP modulates VAMP3 vesicle cycling and glutamate uptake. Previous studies suggest that small synaptic-like vesicles in astrocytes carry vesicle-associated vSNARE proteins, VAMP3 (cellubrevin) and VAMP2 (synaptobrevin 2), both contributing to the Ca(2+) -regulated exocytosis of gliotransmitters, thereby modulating brain information processing. Here, using cortical astrocytes taken from VAMP2 and VAMP3 knock-out mice, we find that astrocytes express only VAMP3. The morphology and function of VAMP3 vesicles were studied in cultured astrocytes at single vesicle level with stimulated emission depletion (STED) and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopies. We show that VAMP3 antibodies label small diameter (∼80 nm) vesicles and that VAMP3 vesicles undergo Ca(2+) -independent exo-endocytosis. We also show that this pathway modulates the surface expression of plasma membrane glutamate transporters and the glutamate uptake by astrocytes. Finally, using pharmacological and optogenetic tools, we provide evidence suggesting that the cytosolic cAMP level influences astrocytic VAMP3 vesicle trafficking and glutamate transport. Our results suggest a new role for VAMP3 vesicles in astrocytes.

Published
2015

50. Gustatory evoked cortical activity in humans in response to saccharose stimuli

Author

Jacquin-Piques, Agnes, Gigot, Vincent, Meillon, Sophie, Corinne Leloup, Penicaud, Luc, Brondel, Laurent, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Unité de Gastroentérologie, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, ProdInra, Migration, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], gustatory evoked potential, potentiels évoqués, fatty taste, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, goût du gras
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

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