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Purpose: This study aims to determine the extent of virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) adoption in university libraries in Indonesia and identify librarians' views of library readiness. The assessment centers on two crucial dimensions: library readiness, gauged by commitment and efficacy, and librarian readiness, appraised through cognitive and affective aspects. Design/methodology/approach: The research features a survey-based quantitative method. A sample of 259 librarians from university libraries, all members of the Indonesian Higher Education Library Forum, responded to the online survey. Findings: Indonesian university libraries, especially in Central Java, express strong interest in VR/AR despite low current adoption. Librarians believe in their commitment and efficacy for adoption, with improvements needed in budget procurement and human resources. Librarians are optimistic about innovating academic activities with VR/AR, despite concerns about collaboration, data governance and human resource insecurity. The research underscores the simultaneous influence of librarians' and libraries' readiness on VR/AR adoption, emphasizing their interconnectedness and mutual support within library management. Practical implications: There are practical implications for library institutions in Indonesia in terms of understanding the attendant opportunities and challenges when preparing organizational ecosystems. These findings provide a broad overview of VR/AR adoption in university libraries in Indonesia and contribute to understanding the specific needs and interests of universities in Indonesia considering adopting VR/AR. In addition to preparing adequate infrastructure, libraries should ensure the availability of adequate human resources. Originality/value: In the Indonesian context, this study, to the best of the authors' knowledge, makes the first attempt to examine the librarian's view as part of library management to face the dilemmas that may arise during the adoption of VR/AR despite university libraries' commitment and efficacy to enable this technology. This research also identifies librarians' cognitive and affective readiness as individual characteristics and resources able to influence adequate adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the difficulty of chemical compounds to visualize, augmented reality (AR) integrated with mobile learning has been developed as an alternative media for studying chemistry. This study aims to analyze the use of AR-integrated mobile learning in chemistry education from a bibliometric perspective in the last decade. A total of 225 articles were retrieved and analyzed from the Scopus database in the period from January 2012 to September 2022. The results of the analysis indicated that in the range of 2012-2022, the highest number of publications occurred in 2021, with the United States as the most productive country with a total of 54 publications, followed by China, Indonesia, and Japan. Wojciechowski, R., is the most frequently cited author, followed by Cai, S. "Augmented reality" is the keyword that appears most frequently in publications. This study presents useful findings that can serve as a guide for educators, scholars, policymakers, and educational designers for future research or reference in this area regarding current trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim/Purpose This study aims to analyze the factors that influence user addiction to AR face filters in social network applications and their impact on the online social anxiety of users in Indonesia. Background To date, social media users have started to use augmented reality (AR) face filters. However, AR face filters have the potential to create positive and negative effects for social media users. The study combines the Big Five Model (BFM), Sense of Virtual Community (SVOC), and Stimuli, Organism, and Response (SOR) frameworks. We adopted the SOR theory by involving the personality factors and SOVC factors as stimuli, addiction as an organism, and social anxiety as a response. BFM is the most significant theory related to personality. Methodology We used a quantitative approach for this study by using an online survey. We conducted research on 903 Indonesian respondents who have used an AR face filter feature at least once. The respondents were grouped into three categories: overall, new users, and old users. In this study, group classification was carried out based on the development timeline of the AR face filter in the social network application. This grouping was carried out to facilitate data analysis as well as to determine and compare the different effects of the factors in each group. The data were analyzed using the covariance-based structural equation model through the AMOS 26 program. Findings The results of this study indicated neuroticism, membership, and immersion influence AR face filter addiction in all test groups. In addition, ARA has a significant effect on online social anxiety. Contribution This research fills the gap in previous research which did not discuss much about the impact of addiction in using AR face filters on online social anxiety of users of social network applications. Recommendations for Practitioners The findings are expected to be valuable to social network service providers and AR creators in improving their services and to ensure policies related to the list of AR face filters that are appropriate for use by their users as a form of preventing addictive behavior of that feature. Recommendations for Researchers This study suggested other researchers consider other negative impacts of AR face filters on aspects such as depression, life satisfaction, and academic performance. Impact on Society AR face filter users may experience changes in their self-awareness in using face filters and avoid the latter's negative impacts. Future Research Future research might explore other impacts from AR face filter addiction behavior, such as depression, life satisfaction, and so on. Apart from that, future research might investigate the positive impact of AR face filters to gain a better understanding of the impact of AR face filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sub-optimal learning outcomes have been observed, often attributed to monotonous educational processes that struggle to retain students' focus and stimulate active participation. This study investigates the potential influence of Augmented Reality (AR) on student motivation, utilizing a time series analysis approach. The primary objectives include assessing the impact of AR on student learning outcomes and identifying the most suitable model for elucidating this relationship. The central research question is: can the implementation of AR enhance student motivation in elementary education? A time series design with a quantitative methodology was employed, involving a cohort of 29 fourth-grade students in Indonesia. Data collection was conducted through a Likert scale questionnaire. Four trend models were tested: the Linear Trend Model, Quadratic Trend Model, Growth Curve Model, and S-Curve Trend Model. The analysis of the collected data, tabulated and analyzed based on the established time series, suggests a positive correlation between AR technology implementation and student motivation. An upward trend in learning motivation was observed following the consistent application of AR technology in educational activities. Among the tested models, the Quadratic Trend Model demonstrated the least error estimate, with MAPE at 1.39, MAD at 1.08, and MSD at 1.44, suggesting it as the most suitable for further analysis related to the predictive power of student learning motivation in this context. This study advocates for the utilization of AR technology as an alternative method in classroom learning activities. The integration of learning content with game-like elements within a realistic world was observed to elicit student interest and enthusiasm. This approach is particularly recommended for educators seeking to enhance their students' learning motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the current study is to enhance students' literacy and numeracy using mobile game-based learning with augmented reality (ARGBL) in chemistry and biology. In this quasiexperimental design, 714 10th and 11th grade students from five high schools in Indonesia were recruited as participants. To gather the data, the Chemical Literacy and Numeracy Test (C-LNT) and the Biological Literacy and Numeracy Test (B-LNT) were administered to the treatment and control group (CG) students. Quantitative data were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests. The results highlighted that the treatment group students who were instructed using ARGBL had higher literacy and numeracy scores than the comparison group students who were taught using PowerPoint (PPT) slides. This indicates that ARGBL is effective in promoting literacy and numeracy among high school students in chemistry and biology. Thus, we suggest teachers apply ARGBL to elevate students' literacy and numeracy to a satisfactory level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia was one of the countries that successfully survived the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has provided good lessons, especially in the education sector, and it has provided new ways of overcoming problems in education, especially in art and design. In this paper, I will share experiences related to Personal Learning Services based on gamification and the implementation of immersive learning based on Augmented Reality, which was developed at the Department of Art and Design at the State University of Malang in Indonesia. This research was developed for primary education students in Indonesia, especially in Malang City, East Java. The contribution for this article was as follows: 1) developed some research to solve the learning problem impact of COVID-19; 2) with the software, media, and game specialization group in the art design department conducted several studies in the form of Personal Learning Services and immersive learning. In the discussion of Personal Learning Services based on gamification, the study aims to improve the quality of children’s characters by displaying background designs in several main locations in Malang. This research includes several minigames that attempt to increase children’s discipline, routine, and consistency. Related to implementing immersive learning based on Augmented Reality, is research to introduce characters in wayang panji to children. This study develops Augmented Reality technology without markers to make it easier for users to learn without fear of losing the marker, which has been a problem in AR. This research, according to the survey with the statistical tests result shows that it is a feasible solution to apply to the learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aimed to determine the effect of interactive learning media based on Augmented Reality through the Assemblr EDU application on increasing fourth-grade students' interest in environmental education in the material plants parts and their functions. Methodology This R&D approach was used to conduct this research study. The sample of this study comprised 100 Grade-IV students in Pondok Aren District, Province of Banten, Indonesia. This study used a one-group pretest-posttest experimental research technique. The research instrument was a pretest and posttest questionnaire. The data analysis carried out in this study was inferential analysis with the t-test. Findings The study concluded that the use of interactive learning media based on Augmented Reality through the Assemblr EDU application positively impacted students' interest in environmental education. Implications to Research and Practice This research can contribute to the school by increasing student attentiveness to be engaged in environmental education so that the students can assimilate the teaching material constructively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract —Cultural appropriation is a complex issue that can lead to the loss of a nation's cultural identity. With the widespread adoption of mobile phones in Indonesia, there is an opportunity to use technology, specifically augmented reality (AR). To address this issue, our user-friendly AR app allows users to interact with Indonesian culture in a virtual environment. Through AR technology, users can engage with Indonesian culture in an immersive and fun way. Our target market is the younger generation, and our app provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to scan AR markers to access different cultural settings. Users can choose from two cultural regions, Bali and Papua. Once a region is selected, a scene showcases the desired region's iconic places and objects accompanied by a traditional folk song. In developing the AR app, we used the agile software development method for approximately two months with four developers. At the end of the development phase, we conduct four testing aspects of the application—namely, angle testing, functionally testing, usability testing, and hardware testing. The testing revealed that the application could perform well under various testing conditions. Through our AR solution, we aim to raise awareness of the importance of Indonesian culture and provide an educational experience that can inspire users to take ownership of their cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the development of a markerless augmented reality (AR) application for Indonesian traditional house education. The application aims to provide an immersive and interactive way of visualizing traditional houses from various regions of Indonesia, with the potential to raise public awareness about the importance of preserving traditional culture. The prototyping method was employed as the most appropriate approach to software development, and the ARFoundation platform was used to integrate plane detection into the AR application. The results showed that 80% of tested devices were compatible with ARCore, and the AR plane detection could detect up to 250cm from the device position. In addition, a feedback survey conducted on 17 testers showed that the application design and mechanism brought a good experience to users, with 53% stating that the app is easy to use. This research project contributes to the development of technology-based solutions to promote Indonesian culture and preserve traditional houses, especially for younger generations who may be less familiar with traditional culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is known for its iconic tourism industry. However, there is a significant popularity difference between each destination. This imbalance has been a problem that the Indonesian Ministry of Tourism has been trying to solve through the 'Wonderful Indonesia" campaign. Unfortunately, some did not perceive it as a success. With the breakthrough of Augmented Reality (AR) that is seen as a great factor in enhancing user experience in the tourism sector, this research aims to design and develop an immersive android-based application that implements Augmented Reality and Audio Guidance to promote and create branding for Indonesian tourism spots. This research uses a methodology divided into 4 phases; Analysis Requirement, Research and Collect Data, System Design and Development, and Testing. A survey was conducted in the Analysis Requirement phase to find people's knowledge and preference for tourism spots in Indonesia. Another survey was conducted in the Testing phase to test the application's usability and whether the aim has been achieved. The main findings indicate that most local tourist respondents stated that the application developed is an effective way for them to explore and educate themselves about Indonesian tourism sites. Therefore, this application might be a sustainable answer and a new approach compared to what the Indonesian government has done in the past years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution is a pressing issue in cities, and managing air quality poses a challenge for urban designers and decision-makers. This study proposes a Digital Twin (DT) Smart City integrated with Mixed Reality technology to enhance visualization and collaboration for addressing urban air pollution. The research adopts an applied research approach, with a focus on developing a DT framework. A use case of DT development for Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is presented. By integrating air quality data, meteorological information, traffic patterns, and urban infrastructure data, the DT provides a comprehensive understanding of air pollution dynamics. The visualization capabilities of the DT, utilizing Mixed Reality technology, facilitate effective decision-making and the identification of strategies for managing air quality. However, further research is needed to address data management challenges to build a DT for Smart City at scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of digital media in education is a necessity nowadays. This is also an effect due to conditions of Covid-19 pandemic. Although there is a stigma that digital media has an unfavorable impact on the student learning process, technological developments also support creative concepts that can be used at the educational level. Based on these conditions, the idea emerged to develop an educational media based on boardgames to provide a learning process. In this study, researchers chose a general topic as the basis for the content of the boardgame, which is Indonesian culture. This topic was chosen considering the need for the younger generation to understand about Indonesian culture as their homeland. The research method in finding content is collecting data about Indonesian culture from books and the internet. While the design development uses qualitative methods as the basis for thinking. In this development, the resulting prototype is a combination of designs on paper and the use of smartphones in the explanation process using Augmented Reality technology. It is hoped that this prototype can become a design that attracts the interest of the younger generation to learn about their own culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The writing of this paper and the creation of this application is a means to improve and add on facilities on the local state-run attraction. This subject matter was picked in conjunction with the decline of tourism in the said historical site due to a pandemic that rankles Indonesia's tourism industry and drives it to the ground. Augmented Reality as a method of deliverance was picked due to its popularity and freshness in the tourism market. The research method was conducted starting with analysis, development, implementation, then evaluation. Analysis was done using sourcing available to the public and a questioner. Implementation was done using Unity, Vuforia, and Maya. And with the positive responses of 66.6 percent of the sample market finding enjoyment in the use of this application in their exploration during User Acceptance testing with the existing prototype. This shows that the resulting use of this application improves user enjoyment in experiencing the state attraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Musical instruments in Indonesia are divided into two types, namely traditional musical instruments and modern musical instruments, which in this study will be discussed with more than ten musical instruments. Today, there are still many Indonesian people who do not know traditional musical instruments and modern musical instruments due to lack of knowledge and the lack of means to provide visual access to both traditional and modern musical instruments. The purpose of this research is to help people recognize traditional musical instruments and modern musical instruments digitally easily. The method used in this research is the Marker-Based AR method, because it takes a marker on each object to display a clear object in the Augmented Reality application to find information from an image directly. The results of this study are in the form of an Android-based Augmented Reality application with a page display feature, displaying information on 3D objects of traditional musical instruments and modern musical instruments with writing and sound, as well as showing how to use the application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia requires teachers and students to perform learning activities online. Meanwhile, teachers use a variety of technology products in the classroom without paying attention to the didactic, pedagogical, and content aspects. This is due to time constraints and short learning adjustments that should be flexible to this pandemic. Therefore, this research provides an alternative by exploring the potential of augmented reality as a didactic and pedagogical source in learning geometry. An exploratory case study design was used to reveal this potential, while three mathematics teachers and twenty-six students from three schools in Indramayu Regency, Indonesia, participated in the research. Data from observations and documentation were checked, extracted, entered verbatim, and coded. The results of the interview data were analyzed using the content analysis method, while those from the geometry understanding test and student response questionnaires used descriptive analysis. Consequently, the research results showed that augmented reality was useful as an alternative didactic and pedagogical source of learning geometry during the COVID-19 pandemic. This conclusion was based on the reason, first characteristically augmented reality technology can be integrated with textbooks or certain learning methods. Second, the results of the geometry understanding test showed that there were more students who answered the questions correctly than the students who answered incorrectly. Third, the results of questionnaires and interviews showed that students had a positive attitude during the geometry learning process. Therefore, the researcher believes that the use of augmented reality is worthy of being an alternative didactic and pedagogical source and has the potential to be applied to other subjects both during the COVID-19 pandemic and after the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heritage buildings, landscape, and structure are threatened because of natural disasters, development pressure, and might be deserted due to high maintenance costs and lack of people awareness. To preserve community values and pass them from generation to generation, protecting heritage is essential. In some countries, the awareness to preserve heritage arises strongly among young generation through different types of organisations. In Indonesia, many young people, such as university students, architects, journalists, historians, and academics, have strong willingness to learn and protect cultural heritage. However, they have limited support to do that. 3D games, Virtual Reality (VR), and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are considered effective means in teaching about heritage. Moreover, in urban planning, these technologies especially 3D game is used to involve young people in taking part to design the city. Therefore, similar technologies could be utilized to facilitate young people in heritage protection. Certain functionality should be ensured to allow engaging activities such as taking decision, sharing opinions, and expressing creativity. This paper presents a literature review on the use of 3D games and similar technologies for heritage in the last five years. The study shows that the literature related to this topic is still very limited, i.e., only 14 articles focus on the topics of 3D gaming technology and heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the increasing use of Android smartphones in teaching and learning. This study aims to build markerless VR-AR (Virtual Reality-Augmented Reality) as Android-based teaching materials for construction engineering students at Polytechnic. VR-AR-based teaching materials that have been established can reduce the risk of spreading Covid-19 without reducing learning quality. This research used the V-model method, which is divided into two parts, particularly development and testing activities. Testing is performed by developers and examiners using ISO 25010. The test results of VR-AR-based teaching materials that have been established show that the teaching materials were very feasible in terms of functional suitability, compatibility, and usability. All functions of the VR-AR application operate smoothly and work successfully on various Android operating systems with different screen resolutions. Moreover, users were satisfied with the developed VR-AR-based teaching materials. They felt comfortable, fun, and excited when using the AR application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial Revolution 4.0, accompanied by an environmental crisis, shows that modernization and technological sophistication do not make harmonization between nature and humans more closely intertwined. This harmony needs ecological consciousness nurtured from an early age which is a challenge for the Industrial Revolution 4.0. Using technology in this research aimed to examine enhancing student environmental awareness affected by ecolabel with web-based augmented reality at elementary schools in Setia Budi subdistrict in South Jakarta in Indonesia. Environmental awareness of the students was indicated by student environmental action related to solving the environmental problems, environmental manner of doing environmental activities, and noble values of sustainability to have conservation. This research population is elementary school students in Setia Budi subdistrict in South Jakarta in Indonesia with simple random sampling utilizing the Slovin Formula sampling technique. Data analysis procedure executed independent samples t-test. The decisions reveal that the average value for environmental awareness for the experimental class arrives at 56.406, significantly larger than that for the control group of 55.063 at a 0.05 significance level. The investigation found that ecolabel using augmented reality attached on the website can raise student environmental awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Augmented Reality (AR) refers to a display of a real-world environment whose elements are augmented by one or more layers of text, data, symbols, images, or other graphical display elements. AR technology is always associated with online games. Beyond online gaming, AR has become part of daily life and affects every aspect of how society interacts with technology. In retail and marketing, AR and other virtual technologies play a very important role in saving costs. AR is also used in the education and medical sector, also in preventing crime. AR is even further used for humanitarian activities to reach remote areas affected by natural disasters and save human lives. Considered a new technology, the commercialization of AR may bring incredible business opportunities as well as potential legal risks. In the context of Intellectual Property (IP), AR systems and services can embody a variety of forms of IP. Meanwhile, the operation of AR systems in virtual spaces is creating issues about how to deal with data breaches and privacy. By using doctrinal methods, this paper will explore the legal challenge of AR in the context of IP protection in the virtual space and investigate the potential liability caused by the failure of AR systems from the Indonesian legal perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schools as a source of knowledge need to facilitate the 3D geometric thinking process involving a series of cognitive actions. Therefore, this research investigates the potential of integrating augmented reality (AR) into the 6E instructional 3D geometric model (6E I3DGM). This is exploratory research carried out with a teacher and 28 junior high school students in Indramayu District, Indonesia. The data were collected through observations and interviews and examined, selected, extracted, and coded based on the criteria determined. The data collected were further interpreted, concluded, and descriptively analyzed using content analysis. The result showed that learning that integrates AR into 6E I3DGM could raise 3D geometric thinking processes in the dimensions of representation, spatial structuring, and measurement. This is because, characteristically, AR can facilitate students to represent and visualize 3D shapes directly. This will increase students' ability to measure the surface area and volume of 3D geometric shapes. Therefore, this learning deserves to be used as an alternative to 3D geometry learning in the post-COVID 19 pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research develops AR in the form of Smart Indonesia Maps, which display information about natural features, geography, flora and fauna, culture, and social life on Indonesian islands in real-time. The objective of this research was to develop an AR-based Smart Indonesia Maps model as a digital learning resource in social studies learning. Embracing a Research and Development model has completed the preliminary field-testing stage of all ten stages of research. Limited trials were undertaken at state/private junior high schools in Bandung City, Bandung Regency, and West Bandung Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia, with the students and teachers as the research subjects. The data collection techniques included observation, interviews, document studies, focus group discussions, and attitude scale questionnaires. The results demonstrate that: Smart Indonesia Maps consist of main material objects by revealing the culture of the five major islands in Indonesia. The production of the model constituted three stages, namely pre-production, production, and post-production. The model was quite effective in fostering student critical thinking and creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Souvenirs are an essential artifact in tourism because tourists want to keep a memory of the places they visit. Despite the enormous variation in souvenirs, there are no decent souvenirs for agro-tourism in Indonesia. Agro-tourism allows tourists to experience the natural beauty of landscapes and to be exposed to farming products, making the agricultural products the souvenirs themselves. Some Indonesian agro-tourism provides undifferentiated souvenirs like keychains or T-shirts that exhibit the place's logo, which we perceive as an opportunity to develop a novel design of souvenir. Our previous study about augmented reality products in agro-tourism delivered good outcomes but needs further research. This article explored the potential of developing agro-tourism souvenirs with technology to engage tourist enthusiasm with augmented reality. The researchers conducted literature studies, interviews and product testings to answer the main research question: "What is the tourist attitude towards augmented reality souvenirs in Indonesian agro-tourism?". The findings during the prototype trial indicated that augmented reality souvenirs could escalate tourism experiences. However, we found there was a problem in human-computer interaction: some of the target audience's tools cannot support the technology. Although the immersive sensation from augmented reality souvenirs potentially enhances the tourist experience, future studies about the effectiveness of its more extended implementation are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researchers implemented the quasi-experimental method of research. This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Ngemplak, Indonesia. The research was conducted from March to April 2020. In this study, the samples consisted of 70 students divided into two classes, namely Class A and Class B. The students in Class A received treatment by using the Augmented Reality Module (ARM). Meanwhile, Class B students were taught conventionally using a conventional module from the government and GeoGebra application. The instruments used in this study were written tests, the first test was in the form of multiple choices and consisted of 25 questions to measure students' spatial skills, and the second test was in the form of essays, consisted of five questions in order to measure students' problem-solving skills. The reliability of the tests had been tested before collecting the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (normality test, homogeneity test, paired t-test, and independent t-test). Based on the analyses' results, it can be concluded that Augmented Reality Module has a significant effect on students' problem-solving and spatial skills since there is an improvement in students' mean scores in the pretest and post-test results. Besides, it can be concluded that Augmented Reality learning is more effective than conventional learning since the students are usually taught using conventional modules from the government and GeoGebra application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine factors that affect secondary students’ behavioural intention to use GeoGebra Augmented Reality to support a projectbased geometry learning environment. To achieve this purpose, we adopted technology acceptance model (TAM). A total of 54 students from two lower secondary schools in Indonesia were involved in this study. The students enrolled in secondary mathematics classes and attended six lessons of a project-based geometry learning assisted with GeoGebra Augmented Reality. Descriptive analysis, multiple regression and independent T-test were employed to analysed data. The findings of this study suggested that GeoGebra Augmented Reality was well accepted by the secondary school students. It was found that perceived of usefulness (PU) is the strongest factor of students’ behavioural intention (BI). Contrary to the previous studies, this study showed that attitude toward using (AT) has no direct effect on behaviour intention (BI). We elaborate how the findings of this study could improve the understanding of AR acceptance by students and highlight important guideline for educational AR developers, researchers, and educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the impact of technology and the metaverse in the post-COVID-19 era in Indonesia, particularly on education, the economy, and culture. It highlights how technology has influenced various sectors, including the use of technology to enhance education, economic stability, and the emergence of the metaverse, while also discussing how technological advancements have not reached certain ethnic groups within the country, leading to cultural disparities.

Traditional food is a representation of the culture and identity of certain regions and is a symbol of cultural heritage. Traditional Indonesian food must be preserved and introduced to the community, especially the easy generation as the next generation of the nation as a form of love for the culture that has been passed down from generation to generation. It aims to avoid the influence of food or foreign cuisine that enters Indonesia, which from time to time makes the preservation of traditional Indonesian food increasingly eroded. One form of an effective cultural approach is by introducing to the easy generation and also to the wider community. Therefore the use of technology is very important to maintain the preservation of traditional Indonesian food and convey it to the community, especially the easy generation. This study aims to develop a mobile application for augmented reality as a promotional medium to introduce traditional Indonesian food. Mobile augmented reality in applications built with the Unity3D program is done in different ways in presenting information to other media. This method allows users to view the media as a presentation of their information in the form of 2D and or 3D image modelling by using tracking images through a smartphone device's camera. The mobile augmented reality application that will be developed can provide an interesting and interactive information experience so that it can be fun for every user so that knowledge of traditional Indonesian food can be distributed and channeled so that the preservation of traditional Indonesian food is maintained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning three-dimensional (3-D) shapes in geometry are essential to improve students' spatial abilities. However, the concept of three-dimensional shape is still considered as a difficult topic to be taught by some math teachers and to be learned by students in Indonesia. Therefore, an alternative media which can facilitate the learning process of geometry is required for teachers and students so that they can easily understand the concept. This present study attempts to implement mobile-based augmented reality (AR) as a media which can aid junior high schools' teachers and students, specifically, in comprehending the concept of three-dimensional shapes in geometry for knowing students spatial learning activities. The results of the study reveal that by using mobile-based augmented reality can increase students spatial learning activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strengthening the quality of education, especially in the arts and culture, in Indonesia is very important. This can be achieved via the application of technology. Malang is a city that has a lot of traditional cultures, such as masks (Topeng), of which there are about 67 designs. It is a challenge in developing learning materials for Topeng Malang. The influence of the inclusion of modern styles is one of the factors stimulating the decline of Malang people’s insights related to traditional culture such as Topeng Malang. This research is related to the strengthening of Topeng Malang education media material by using AR technology. This research focuses on insightful content relating to characters in Topeng Malang,especially for supporting models. This research is carried out through descriptive procedural models, which must be followed to produce a development product — data was obtained by interview, data observation, and documentation. Observation data consisted of reference data for the description of supporting character models namely Pranajiwa and Emban, visuals in the form of Topeng Malang, library data and surveys from the target audience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Masks have varied roles and uses in every region and country due to the different cultures and beliefs, and uses include worship, provision, and dance. Today, a lot of historical masks are preserved in museums, offering information about shapes, uses, and gender performativity. In Museum Panji, Malang District, Indonesia, a big collection of historical masks is used as a learning source for teenagerss, adults, and researchers. Unfortunately, most of the masks displayed there do not have informative labels, despite the educational benefit of such tagging for visitors. However, researchers have developed a product called NUSANTARA MASK HERITAGE (NUSMARI INDONESIA): Augmented Reality-Based Infographic Application for Mask Collection in Museum Panji Malang as appealing and innovative Learning Media for Traditional Masks and Gender Performativity. This application was based upon a study of traditional masks and gender performativity which is then developed into a digital learning media that helps visitors acquire information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This quasi-experimental study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of PBL (problem-based learning) in a Flipped-Blended learning environment for improving the performance in a Computer Application Course of Bachelor of Economics for first year students at the Muhammadiyah School of Economics Jakarta, Indonesia. The respondents of this research were two groups of students who were enrolled in a Computer Application Course. There were 48 student respondents composed of 24 in the experimental group and 24 in the control group. Findings showed that there were significant differences in the Computer Application Course's performance in the posttest of experimental and control groups, indicating an improvement due to the treatment of the instructional model. In addition, students were challenged and motivated by difficult tasks. This strategy also guides and frees up the time in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human resource development can be done by various step such as improvement of quality education especially model and learning methode. The Filling Subject is the important thing to increase the competitiveness of student at Vacational Hight School especialy Administration Department. Today teachers just have conventional methode to deliver their knowledge. There for student hard to understand the knowledge that delivered by teacher. Indonesia's government have launced policy that called Making Indonesia 4.0 againts this global era. Blended Learning is one of the effective methode to deliver knowledge to students because this methode make student understand easily. Augmented Reality is one of the technology that can be collaborated with Blended Learning. This study purposed to create modul based on Augmented Reality as Blended Learning implementation in Filling Subject at Vocational Hight School Malang Regency. The study method modified from research and development models that called 4-D (define, design, develop, and disseminate). This study using quantitative dan qualitative data that collected from questionnaire. The questionnaire will be given to the material expert, the media expert and the students in Administration Departement at Vacational Hight School Malang Regency. The result of this study are: 1) product has been validate by the material expert of Filling Subject; 2) product has been validate by the media expert of Augmented Reality; 3) product has been implemented with Blended Learning Model to the Administration Departement Student in the Vacational Hight School Malang Recency and succeed to increase their competence in the Filling Subject. The implementation of Blended Learning for Augmented Reality suggested to be implemented in the other learning subject because it is very effective to increase the student competitiveness and make learning that done by teacher more easily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the traditional musical instrument from Indonesia is gamelan, that is now less desirable because people nowadays prefer to play modern musical instruments, or because of its expensive price. This study combines the modern technology of AR and Leap Motion and also utilizes the sophisticated smartphone to develop a gamelan simulation that is presentable to the user. There are two kinds of an experiment performed in this research. The first is Augmented Reality (AR) experiment which authenticates that the distance and the height parameters are the keys to get a 100% success in running the gamelan simulation. The distance is ranged from 45 cm to 65 cm and the height is ranged from 25 cm to 30 cm. And the second one is the usability evaluation to five users, who resolves the completion task very well, acquires the result of 86.48%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to describe the development of augmented reality-based interactive multimedia to improve the critical thinking skills of elementary school teacher education students in learning earth structure and fisheries material science. This type of research was research and development by Sukmadinata consisting of preliminary studies, model development, and model testing. The research subjects were elementary school teacher education students at Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia. The technique of collecting data used tests, questionnaires, and observations. The collected data was then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative data analysis used the interactive models of Miles and Huberman and quantitative data analysis using a paired sample t-test. The results of the study show that the development of media products determines indicators of learning, programming, display, and curriculum. The main field test obtained ρvalue = 0.002< 0.05, it can be decided that H0 rejected. Students think critically using augmented reality-based interactive multimedia better than before using it. At present, it is obtained interactive multimedia based on augmented reality that is feasible to use in accordance with the views of experts and users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the popular technologies nowadays. Along with the technological advances, Augmented Reality is an effort to combine the real world and virtual worlds created through computers so that the boundary between the two becomes very thin because Augmented Reality allows users to interact in real-time with the system. Augmented Reality can be applied in various fields according to the needs of each user. One application is on Android-based mobile hardware applications. This research developed the Augmented Reality battle with some of the features more interactive, interesting and clearer information to facilitate the user in its operation. This Augmented Reality is applied to the Android mobile device with the name of FruitGarden. This paper presented of designing Augmented Reality for recognizing the fruit of Indonesia archipelago which will give a different view of performing the fruit image and information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information and promotion became necessary for tourists to get also improve their knowledge of tourism and their experiences about the tourist destination. Dieng tourist area had manytourist attractions and would be styled to be promoted at the world level tourism by Central Java government in Indonesia, but tourist information and promotional media not yet structured and interactive, as well as the need of media that can provide knowledge, experience for tourists with packaged in an interactive and interesting way. The purpose of this research is to produce Augmented Reality application that could visualize information of Dieng tourism objects, as an interactive, interesting information and tourism promotional media. The user would get information about every tourist attraction in Dieng through the augmented reality application that contains many contents about the sites by scanned Natural Marker that already exist in every Dieng tourist attraction sites with his smartphone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]