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The article presents an interview with Walt Nord, professor at the University of South Florida and the recipient of the Academy of Management's Distinguished Educator Award. Nord was born in Mount Kisco, New York in 1939. He took up economics and political science at Williams College. His interest in trade unions and labor market economics led him to the Industrial and Labor Relations School at Cornell for his Masters degree. By chance, his graduate assistantship was with an organizational psychologist, Ned Rosen. Rosen served as an important mentor to Nord and encouraged him to pursue a doctorate in psychology. At Washington University, Nord was fortunate to receive a fellowship at the community mental health program that was led by John Glidewell. Following his student days at Washington University, he continued on there as a teacher in business school. With respect to the personal dimension, Nord's first paper, which emerged from his dissertation on conformity and exchange theory and was published in an issue of the "Psychological Bulletin," was very important to him.

The article reports that the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians has called for papers for its 2006 Annual Conference, which will be held from September 20 to 24 in Tampa, Florida. Session topics at the conference include anesthesia, aquatic species medicine, avian contraception, career management, carnivores, and diagnostics and imaging, among others.

Sex trafficking is one type of human trafficking, which involves scenarios where individuals are not paid and are forced to engage in forced sex, forced prostitution, and sexual slavery. Online advertising is increasingly used by traffickers as an anonymous and efficient method to exploit victims. Large sporting events have been linked to increases in sex trafficking, although there is limited empirical evidence to support this claim. The goal of this study is to answer the following question: What is the relationship between Super Bowls and potential online sex trafficking? Using time series Poisson analysis of secondary data on online sexual service advertisements in Florida during the 2020 and 2021 Super Bowls, which took place in Miami and Tampa, Florida, respectively, the result indicates an increase in online advertisements that exhibit indicators of sex trafficking during the two Super Bowls. The paper concludes by providing recommendations for federal, state, and local law enforcement for improving sex trafficking responses during large sporting events and outlines a future research agenda on the relationship between large sporting events and sex trafficking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the annual meeting and awards ceremony of TAPPI in Tampa, Florida. Celebration of the 90th anniversary; Presentation of awards to individuals who have service contribution to the organization and the paper industry; Recognition of voluntary leadership and service.

Reports on the awarding ceremony and fellows luncheon of the TAPPI members in Tampa, Florida. Presentation of the 2004 TAPPI Engineering Division Leadership and Service Award to engineer Andrew K. Hones; Recognition of the outstanding accomplishments of Richard E. Hergert; Selection of Stephen Walter Stroud Jr. as the 2004 TAPPI Pulp Manufacture Division Charles S. Gardner Memorial Scholarship.

Presents an abstract of the study `Biological evidence for selective Cuban immigration to Florida,' by Curtis W. Wienker. Demographic, anthropometric and skin color data from adult Cuban-Americans living in Tampa, Florida.

This paper recounts struggles over a Confederate monument in Tampa, Florida. Dedicated in 1911 to white supremacy and "undying love" of the Confederate cause, by 2017 the monument hung in the balance of contestations over landscape, power, and city form between anti-racist social justice movements, white nationalist neo-Confederates, and post-racial neoliberal boosters. Drawing on urban political economy, regional history, and discourse analysis, we read the fight over the monument as a flashpoint in ongoing struggles over the racialization of urban space and over regional political realignments. We trace differences among the monuments' opponents over whether its removal heralds a closing or opening of struggles for racial justice, and delineate tensions emerging among Southern white nationalists over a position with one foot searching for continued purchase in hegemonic cultures of American nationalism and militarism, and another newly planted among ascendant neoliberal-multicultural paradigms. Este artículo relata las luchas por un monumento confederado en Tampa, Florida. Dedicado en 1911 a la supremacía blanca y al "amor eterno" de la causa confederada, en el 2017 el monumento se coló en el balance de las disputas sobre el paisaje, el poder y la ciudad entre los movimientos de justicia social antirracistas, los nacionalistas blancos neo-confederados y los impulsores neoliberales pos-raciales. Usando la economía política urbana, la historia regional y el análisis del discurso, leemos la lucha por el monumento como un punto crítico en las luchas sobre la racialización del espacio urbano y sobre los realineamientos políticos regionales. Analizamos las raíces de los differencias entre los opositores de los monumentos que si su eliminación anuncia un cierre o apertura de las luchas por la justicia racial, y delimitamos las tensiones que surgen entre los nacionalistas blancos del sur sobre una posición con interés en busca de una compra continua en las culturas hegemónicas del nacionalismo y el militarismo estadounidense y otro recién plantado entre paradigmas neoliberales-multiculturales ascendentes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban stormwater managers have traditionally used pipes, ditches, ponds and other gray infrastructure elements to quickly divert runoff away from its main sources—buildings and roadways. In contrast, proponents of green infrastructure attempt to manage stormwater near its origin, utilizing natural drainage pathways and best management practices (BMPs) to reduce runoff and increase infiltration. In doing so, stormwater is retained where it is needed to support urban vegetation. This vegetation, in turn, helps reduce future runoff, while producing a whole range of environmental, economic, and social/human health-related benefits. Despite the many advantages of green infrastructure, retrofitting the infrastructure of a city is a costly process that requires careful planning. The transition from gray to green infrastructure requires communication between managers from different disciplines and a willingness to stray from management strategies that have defined stormwater management for centuries. The Gray to Green (G2G) green infrastructure planning tool is designed to facilitate these conversations—showing both technical and non-technical users how green infrastructure BMPs can work within the urban forest to manage stormwater on existing or proposed development sites. This paper details the data sources and research at the core of G2G—documenting all methods, equations, and assumptions used in its creation to provide users with a fully-transparent and peer-reviewed planning tool. The paper concludes with descriptions and user insights from two case studies from Tampa, Florida (United States) and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, (United States). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses texts from the Australian print media that invoke nationalist discourse in the so-called ‘Tampa crisis’ of 2001, which involved the boarding by Australian military troops of a civilian Norwegian shipping vessel (the Tampa) that had rescued a group of asylum seekers. In particular, we are interested in how military action was justified in public discourse against a group of civilians through the use of arguments relying in some form or another on the notion of nationhood and national identity. We employ a critical discursive methodology to investigate how some of these descriptions worked to legitimate the Australian government's role in these events and demonstrate some of the mechanisms by which discourses of nation can operate in the marginalization of asylum seekers. We conclude that presenting issues relating to asylum seekers and the Tampa at a level of national identity was critical in justifying the Australian government's stance and actions. We also raise some concerns about the consequences that may follow from the Australian government's actions and reliance on nationalist rhetoric. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has long been noted that interior vapor barriers in wood frame walls in hot-humid climates can lead to interstitial condensation within walls. The bases for this recognition are predictive simulations, anecdotal observations, and a limited number of experimental studies. This paper describes an experimental study conducted in a hot-humid climate that investigated the influence of an interior vapor retarder and compares observed performance with simulation predictions. The wall performance data reviewed here was gathered as part of a larger test program evaluating the performance of a range of typical wood frame, residential wall constructions in a hot-humid climate. The approach chosen was to use real-time field exposure using a "test hut" located in Tampa, Florida. The test hut had two long sides, which provided the ability to test 16 wall specimens each. Wall specimens were instrumented with a variety of temperature, humidity, and moisture sensors. In addition to natural weather exposure, the wall specimens could be manually wetted by a water injection system to simulate rain leakage. More specifically, this paper focuses on using the data collected before and after the installation of an interior vapor barrier (vinyl wallpaper) to show the change in moisture loading and the potential condensation within the walls resulting from the installation. The field data is compared with predictions of the wall behavior using a commonly available hygrothermal model. There is increasing reliance on the use of predictive models to assess the moisture performance of building assembly designs. These predictive models need to be validated against real data to test their variance from real systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the results of a sound level study for a racetrack in Tampa, Florida to investigate potential ordinance compliance. The study consisted of three separate dates of measurements and captured significant examples of atmospheric refraction. The measurements collected during this study have shown that wind direction several hundred feet above the surface played a significant role on sound wave propagation in this area. In one instance, the race track light structures were visible from an upwind observer position but the races were inaudible whereas at an equidistant downwind position, the racetrack was loud with A-weighted sound levels 20-30 dB greater than background sound levels. This paper presents the measured sound levels and meteorological conditions at positions within a two mile radius of the track, for each of the three test dates, and provides an example of the potential variability of sound levels that can be encountered during ordinance compliance monitoring. A simple long range propagation model for this area is included along with the application of a method to account for the effect of upwind and downwind conditions on received sound levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

America's history of racial segregation has played a critical role in shaping both what is publicly acknowledged, remembered, and preserved with respect to heritage and what is forgotten, whispered about, or relegated to the status of other in many communities. In this paper, I discuss how the community of Sulphur Springs in Tampa, FL, in partnership with students and faculty from the University of South Florida, has begun to address issues of identity and representation in the marketing of heritage as a key cultural resource. Issues confronted by this community underscore the role that heritage research, preservation, and management plays in defining the present and creating the future. Lessons learned from a previously conducted study of the Kingsley Plantation community in Jacksonville, FL, inform this analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study broadens the objectives of previous work (Boyer, N., Langevin, S., Gaspar, A. (2008). Self direction and constructivism in programming education. Proceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group in IT Education Conference, 16-18 October 2008, Cincinnati, OH) in which we used a survey-based instrument, the Personal Responsibility Orientation Self-Directed Learning Scale - PRO-SDLS (Stockdale, S.L., & Brockett, R.G. (2006). The continuing development of the PRO-SDLS: An instrument to measure self-direction in learning based on the personal responsibility orientation model. Paper presented at the 20th International Self-Directed Learning Symposium, Cocoa Beach, FL), as a new perspective to measure the impact of innovative approaches in the teaching of computer programming in online courses. The data have been collected during the offering of an undergraduate online asynchronous programming course delivered in 2008 at the University of South Florida Polytechnic. Our primary pedagogical intervention has been the use of peer learning forums which attempt to (1) leverage peer learning dynamics in an online course, (2) help students better structure their work on a weekly basis, and (3) help them learn to engage actively with the material (e.g., exercises, reading assignments). This article studies the impact of peer learning forums on these students through the lens of various instruments. Some, such as the PRO-SDLS, are well established in the self-directed learning literature. Others are introduced in this article to provide a more complete picture of both the students' self-perception of their self-direction and its more observable aspects. We also identified intrinsic characteristics of our student population, which we believe to have a significant impact on these instruments' measures. Finally, we relate these data to student feedback obtained through more open question surveys. These observations, made using diversified instruments, on a small and well-characterized learner population, represent the foundation of our case study. Our findings suggest that, after using the peer learning forums for an entire semester, the self-perception of our over-committed online adult learners' ability for self-directed learning has evolved to realign itself with more observable manifestations of their self-direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the discussion on the use of software GR2Analyst for examining severe weather signatures through radar analysis during the meeting of the West Central Florida chapter of American Meteorological Society in the computer laboratory in the Geography Department at the University of South Florida in Tampa, Florida. The difference between Level II and Level III data used in radar analysis was explained. Meteorologist Andy Johnson presented the May 3, 1999 Moore, Oklahoma tornado using GR2Analyst.

[Display omitted] • The trends of surface runoff and flood area changes were different. • Rainfall change is the dominant driver compared with land use change. • There are coupled effects from rainfall and land use changes on both surface runoff and flood area. • The easily flooded areas would experience negative coupled effects under future rainfall and land use conditions. • The areas with inadequate drainage and low elevation variation would be of high probability to suffer flooding issues. Future rainfall and land use are two important factors for flood management since they both directly and indirectly affect the functionality and performance of urban stormwater drainage infrastructures. Although some studies have already examined the coupled effects of future rainfall and land use conditions, they have not concluded how such effects on both surface runoff and flood areas would change with regional surface elevation variation and infrastructure conditions. This paper analyzed the coupled effects of future rainfall and land use on urban drainage systems in terms of surface runoff quantity and flood area changes using EPA SWMM. Future downscaled and bias-corrected precipitation projections for 2040–2060 and 2080–2099 from "Downscaled CMIP3 and CMIP5 Climate and Hydrology Projections" Archive and future land use for 2050 s and 2090 s from EPA ICLUS project were used for the City of Tampa in Florida (USA). It was shown that potential runoff volume and flood area changes ranged from −40% to 160%, and −40% to 400% due to rainfall change, while potential changes induced by land use change ranged from 0% to 3.5%, and 0% to 18% respectively. Additionally, this study examined the coupled effects of future rainfall and land use changes on flood area variations, considering the capacity of drainage infrastructure and elevation variation of study site. Results showed that flood area variations are not solely influenced by runoff quantity changes due to the two external drivers, but also by other factors. Specifically, in low-relief areas with inadequate drainage infrastructure and less elevation variation, these two drivers have no additive effects on the percentage of flood area changes. In contrast, in areas with adequate drainage infrastructure and greater surface elevation variation, there are additive effects from rainfall and land use changes on flood area expansions. These findings have important implications for stakeholders involved in city planning and flooding control, particularly for urban areas facing future precipitation and urbanization challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuroscience can provide evidence in some cases of legal matters, despite its tenuous nature. Among others, arguing for diminished capacity, insanity, or pleading for mitigation is the most frequent use of neurological evidence in the courtroom. While there is a plethora of studies discussing the moral and legal matters of the practice, there is a lack of studies examining specific cases and the subsequent applications of brain knowledge. This study details the capital punishment trial of Kelvin Lee Coleman Jr., charged in 2013 with double murder in Tampa, Florida, to illustrate the extent that expert opinions – based on neuroimaging, neurological, and neuropsychiatric examinations – had an impact on the court's decisions. The defendant was sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. According to the comments of the trial's jury, the most influential reason for not sentencing the defendant to death is the fact that during the incident was that he was under extreme mental and emotional disturbance. Other reasons were evidence of brain abnormalities resulting from neurological insult, fetal alcohol syndrome, and orbitofrontal syndrome contributing to severely abnormal behavior and lack of impulse control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the papers presented in the 34th National Agriculture Plastics Congress, held in Tampa, Florida. Four papers presented discussed tests on the use of pulse drip irrigation using 8-13 mil thick tubing and five papers reflected the concern about recycling and composting. Papers discussing various aspects of the use of plastic film for mulches and the advantages of high tunnels to extend the growing season of plants, were also presented.

The 9th International Symposium on Tardigrada took place in Tampa, Florida, USA from 28 July to 1 August 2003. Fifty-four participants representing thirteen countries attended and there were fifty-two presentations of which fourteen were chosen for the publication in these proceedings. Topics include cryptobiosis, ecology, taxonomy and systematics of tardigrades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a list of papers presented at the 9th International Symposium on Tardigrada on July 28, 2003 to August 1, 2003 in Tampa, Florida including "The Biology of Tardigrades: An Introduction to the 9th International Symposium on Tardigrada," by J. R. Garey, "Phenotypic Variations in the Life History of Two Clones of Macrobiotus Richtersi," by T. Altiero, L. Rebecchi, and R. Bertolani, "A Family Level Analysis of Tardigrade Phylogeny," by P. B. Nichols, D. R. Nelson, and J. R. Garey, "Ovarian Structure in Milnesium Tardigradum During Early Vitellogenesis," by A. C. Suzuki, and "Soil-Inhabiting Tardigrade Communities in Forests of Central Japan," by H. Harada and M. T. Ito.

Abstract: The paper analyzes refrigeration/HVAC system energy consumption in a typical food retail store to study the effects of indoor space conditions. Refrigerated display cases are normally rated at a store environment of 24°C (75°F) and a relative humidity of 55%. If the store can be maintained at lower relative humidity, significant quantities of refrigeration energy, defrost energy, and anti-sweat heater energy can be saved. Calculations were done for a typical day in a standard store for each month of the year using the climate data for Tampa, Florida. This results in a 24h variation in the store relative humidity. Using these hourly values of relative humidity for a typical 24hday, the store relative humidity distribution was calculated for a full year. The annual average supermarket relative humidity was found to be 51.1%. It is shown that for a 5% reduction in store relative humidity, the display case refrigeration load is reduced by 9.25%, and that results in total store energy load reduction of 4.84%. The results were compared to available experimental data and found to have a good agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This chapter examines Hillsborough Community College's approach to imparting to its faculty members an understanding of the community college as an educational institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While urban disamenities and pollution sources have received considerable attention in environmental justice research, few studies have examined sociospatial inequities associated with the distribution of desirable land uses. In this paper we focus on addressing this limitation by investigating the environmental equity implications of street trees-an important publicly financed amenity that provides several direct and indirect benefits to urban residents. The specific objective was to determine if the spatial distribution of public right-of-way trees is equitable with respect to race and ethnicity, income, and housing tenure in the city of Tampa, Florida, USA. We seek to extend research on equity analysis of urban amenities through several methodological innovations, including: (a) accounting for the heterogeneity of urban land use; (b) utilizing high-resolution remote sensing techniques to quantify parcel-specific tree cover; and (c) using multivariate regression models that control for spatial dependence within the data. The results support the inequity hypothesis by indicating a significantly lower proportion of tree cover on public right-of-way in neighborhoods containing a higher proportion of African-Americans, low-income residents, and renters. These findings have important implications for local public investment and policy strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The University of California at Davis (UCD) aerosol module, an internally mixed, sectional aerosol model with dynamic mass transfer between the gas and particle phases, has been coupled to the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. This paper describes the application of the CMAQ-UCD model to simulate air quality in Tampa, a large city with a population of 2M on the west coast of Florida, USA. Modeled aerosol size and composition distributions are evaluated against size-segregated ambient measurements of , , , , and collected at three Tampa-area sites during May 2002, and against semi-continuous HNO3 and total aerosol , , , and measurements collected at a single site. Sea-salt emissions over the open ocean and the surf zone are parameterized as a function of modeled wind speed and relative humidity. Modeled total aerosol sulfate and ammonium concentrations and size distributions agree with measurements, with an overall normalized mean bias (NMB) of 2% and −23% and normalized mean error (NME) of 46% and 38%, respectively, and correctly identifying the size bin in which the peak concentration is observed. Sea-salt size distributions are also simulated well, with the distribution dominated by the coarse mode and total aerosol sodium and chloride NMB of −2% and 17% and NME of 32% and 38%. Though the model correctly identifies that nitrate is predominantly in the coarse size sections, aerosol nitrate concentrations are underpredicted by a factor of two. The availability of highly time-resolved measurements provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the model''s partitioning of total nitrate and the simulation of chloride depletion as a function of particle size. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Although much attention has been given to the process of teaching older patrons about new technologies, the following study shows that younger patrons often require instruction in older technologies to feel comfortable using information in those formats. A survey was conducted among 80 undergraduate and graduate students aged 18-30, at the University of South Florida in the spring of 2005 to determine how they made use of varied information formats in their research. An information seeker's reticence to consult older information formats is termed as retro-technophobia and further suggestions for dealing with this phenomenon through well rounded bibliographic instruction are discussed in the following article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The University of South Florida (USF) had a need to support faculty in the successful implementation of a new synchronous online environment. Participating faculty members received training on the new synchronous software, and each was subsequently paired with a graduate assistant or technical support person to assist with the production of their synchronous sessions. During the Fall 2004 semester the faculty implemented a number of synchronous sessions. This paper reflects the lessons learned from this effort. Recommendations are made on how to conduct successful synchronous online sessions with and without production support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduced hosts are capable of introducing parasite species and altering the abundance of parasites that are already present in native hosts, but few studies have compared the tolerances of native and invasive hosts to introduced parasites or identified the traits of introduced hosts that make them supershedders of non‐native parasites.Here, we compare the effects of a nematode Aplectana hamatospicula that is native to Cuba but appears to be introduced to Florida on the native Floridian treefrog, Hyla femoralis, and on the Cuban treefrog (CTF), Osteopilus septentrionalis. We were particularly interested in CTFs because their introduction to Florida has led to reported declines of native treefrogs.In the laboratory, infection with A. hamatospicula caused a greater loss in body mass of H. femoralis than CTFs despite H. femoralis shedding fewer total worms in their faeces than CTFs. Field collections of CTFs, H. femoralis, and another native Floridian treefrog, H. squirella (Squirrel treefrog) from Tampa, FL also showed that CTFs shed more larval worms in their faeces than both native frogs when controlling for body size. Hence, the non‐native CTF is a supershedder of this non‐native parasite that is spilling over to less tolerant native treefrogs.Any conservation intervention to reduce the effects of CTFs on native treefrogs would benefit from knowing the traits that contribute to the invasive host being a supershedder of this parasite. Hence, we conducted necropsies on 330 CTFs to determine how host sex and body size affect the abundance of A. hamatospicula, and two other common parasites in this species (acuariid nematodes and trematode metacercariae).There was a significant linear increase in A. hamatospicula and encysted acuariids with CTF body size, but there was no detectable relationship between host body size and the intensity of metacercariae. Female CTFs were bigger, lived longer and, on average, had more A. hamatospicula than male CTFs.Synthesis and applications. These results of the study suggest that there is parasite spillover from the invasive Cuban treefrog (CTF) to native treefrogs in Florida. Additionally, at least some of the adverse effects of CTFs on native treefrogs could be caused by the introduction and amplification of this introduced parasite, and female and larger CTFs seem to be amplifying these infections more than males and smaller CTFs, respectively, suggesting that management could benefit from targeting these individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the results of an expanded longitudinal analysis of the impact of a family empowerment intervention on juvenile offender psychosocial functioning. Background on the Youth Support Project in Tampa, Florida; Follow-up characteristics included in the analysis.

• The spatial and temporal evolution of traffic flow reconstructed for all highways in Florida for hurricane Irma evacuation. • A simplified framework is built to reconstruct evacuation traffic flow based on limited highway camera data. • The data reconstructed could improve survey-based evacuation demand simulators. Hurricane evacuation has long been a difficult problem perplexing local government. Hurricane Irma in 2017 created the most extensive scale of evacuation in Florida's history, involving about 6.5 million people in a mandatory evacuation order and an estimated 4 million evacuation vehicles. Traffic jams emerged in mid-Florida and rapidly spread to involve the entire state. To understand the hurricane evacuation process, the spatial and temporal evolution of the traffic flow is a critical piece of information, but it is usually not fully observed. Based on game theory, this paper employs the available traffic observation of main highways to reconstruct the traffic flow on all highways in Florida during Irma. The reconstructed traffic conditions compare well with those simulated by dynamic models while the reconstruction model is computationally much cheaper to use. Validation with smartphone data further confirms that the reconstruction model captures the traffic conditions for real evacuation processes. The reconstructed data show that the evacuation rates for 5 representative cities -- Key West, Miami, Tampa, Orlando, and Jacksonville-- in Florida were about 90.1%, 38.7%, 52.6%, 22.1%, and 7%, respectively. The peak evacuation traffic flows from Tampa and Miami arrived in the Orlando region at almost the same time, triggering the catastrophic congestion through the entire state. Also, the evacuation for Hurricane Irma was greater than that predicted by an evacuation demand model developed based on previous event and survey data. The detailed evacuation traffic flow reanalysis accomplished in this article lays a foundation for studying evacuation demand as well as developing evacuation management policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the role of Graphicstudio at the University of South Florida in Tampa in arts development. Mission of the organization; Contributions of Graphicstudio to the university; Information on activities of the organization.

Summary: Sand samples from Tampa (T) and Panama (P) City beaches in Florida were used as catalysts for dehydrogenation of NaBH4 in methanol. T and P sand samples were sieved to <250, 250 to 500, and >500 μm sizes, and the smallest fractions resulted in faster hydrogen generation rates (HGR), 565 ± 18 and 482 ± 24 mL H2 (min.g of catalyst)−1, respectively. After various base/acid treatments, HGR values of 705 ± 51 and 690 ± 47 mL H2 (min g of catalyst)−1 for HCl‐treated T and P sand samples were attained, respectively. Next, T and P sand samples were modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI) that doubled the HGR values, 1344 ± 103, and 1190 ± 87 mL H2 (min.g of catalyst)−1 and increased ~8‐fold, 4408 ± 187, and 3879 ± 169 mL H2 (min g of catalyst)−1, correspondingly after protonation (PEI+). The Ea values of T and P sand samples were calculated as 24.6 and 25.9 kJ/mol, and increased to 36.1, and 36.6 kJ/mol for T‐PEI+ and P‐PEI+ samples, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I compare the performance of online versus traditional on-campus students on identical exams in an earth science class. The number of college level distance learning classes offered online continues to increase as they offer greater scheduling flexibility to students, they appeal to students who like to work independently, and allow colleges to increase enrollment without building new classrooms. Hillsborough Community College (HCC) is a two year urban community college in Tampa, Florida. An online earth science class was first offered in Fall 2005. Most students enrolled in Earth Science are non-science majors fulfilling a science requirement for graduation and both online and on-campus classes average about 30 students. As this is a traditional earth science course it covers topics in geology, oceanography, meteorology, and astronomy. This material is divided into four units with an exam at the end of each unit. The exams are short answer, predominantly multiple choice with diagram identification and contain about eighty to ninety questions. All classes used the same study guide and textbook and all of the classes in this study were given exactly the same exams. This process was repeated over four semesters from Fall term 2005 to Spring term 2007. Statistical analysis comparing exam grades indicates that there was no significant difference in student performance on exams between the online and on-campus students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many application areas, data are collected on a count or binary response with spatial covariate information. In this article, we introduce a new class of generalized geoadditive models (GGAMs) for spatial data distributed over complex domains. Through a link function, the proposed GGAM assumes that the mean of the discrete response variable depends on additive univariate functions of explanatory variables and a bivariate function to adjust for the spatial effect. We propose a two-stage approach for estimating and making inferences of the components in the GGAM. In the first stage, the univariate components and the geographical component in the model are approximated via univariate polynomial splines and bivariate penalized splines over triangulation, respectively. In the second stage, local polynomial smoothing is applied to the cleaned univariate data to average out the variation of the first-stage estimators. We investigate the consistency of the proposed estimators and the asymptotic normality of the univariate components. We also establish the simultaneous confidence band for each of the univariate components. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by two simulation studies. We apply the proposed method to analyze the crash counts data in the Tampa-St. Petersburg urbanized area in Florida. for this article are available online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]