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In this paper I consider the experiences around the time boundary of therapeutic sessions of both therapists and patients working remotely during the pandemic. I discuss the precision of electronic time and the different dynamics around the beginning of sessions. The business of arriving, whether early, on time or late, has different drivers and meanings in the online world. I consider how difficult it is to take up these dynamics adequately when faced with the real uncertainties of internet connections. Communications between therapist and patient around time boundaries have also presented new challenges, and the way sessions end is very different. The experience of time within sessions is altered, and sessions are no longer bracketed with the journey to and from the consulting room. The dynamics around power and vulnerability are different and the management of time boundaries bring these dynamics vividly to life. The paper closes with some practical considerations around remote working as this is likely to be a part of our practice even after the pandemic is finally over. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Administrative Law & Administrative Sciences / İdare Hukuku ve İlimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Adminstrative Law & Administration Sciences / Idare Hukuku ve Ilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mass exodus of migrant workers from several cities during the nationwide lockdown in the early phase of the pandemic brought the social and economic vulnerability ofmigrant workers to the centre stage of public discussion. However, as the 'crises oflivelihood faced by migrant workers started to get some attention in the backdrop of an unprecedented pandemic, there is a danger of treating it as an isolated and transient phenomenon. The long-term factors that created such a widespread livelihoods vulnerability, however, need particular attention, particularly when designing policy alternatives to address the problem. The bottom line is that there is a large section of migrant workers who work and live under such a condition that, in the face of the lockdown, they could not simply survive such a sudden disruption of earnings. Rapid surveys indicate that a section ofthem did not have enough food to survive for the next few days. The vulnerability and precarious conditions of this section of the migrant workers were exposed by the pandemic. Its durability, however, defines the normal conditions of their existence. In this context, this paper argues that a political economy approach that takes into account the broader, structural contexts of migration is better suited to explain the reasons behind the persistent vulnerability of a section of migrant workers. In particular, the paper attempts to link the literature on the political economy of agrarian change with the vulnerability of circular migrants. Migrants' vulnerabilities can be examined at three levels-at the origin, during the migration process, and at destinations. Based on multiple rounds of field surveys on migration and agrarian change in one of the 'migration prone' regions in interior Odisha, as well as a survey of circular migrant workers in Delhi, the paper examines the factors that create and perpetuate vulnerabilities of diverse kinds among the migrant workers. At a more general level, the paper examines the question of vulnerable migrant workers in relation to the nature of contemporary, global capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how eLearning culture can be meaningfully instilled as an empowerment approach towards improved learning for an underprivileged rural institution. A qualitative study embedded in a case study design was undertaken. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were administered to three purposefully nominated participants. These were university teachers who rendered their teaching services in a university located within a rural community in one of the Eastern Cape Education Districts. The findings of this inquiry revealed that (i) quality teaching and learning, (ii) lack of eLearning resources and infrastructure, intertwined with (iii) attitudinal behavior from both teachers and learners, were results of inefficiency towards online learning. The study concludes with recommendations that there is an urgent need to invent motivation strategies as no single individual had ever anticipated the emergent turnaround in the entire universe, where all institutions of higher learning were forced to embark on online learning, disregarding diverseness and rurality of learnerteacher constituencies thereof, as recipients in the schooling environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Rural Medicine (Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd) is the property of Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the unique challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and the rapid spread infection, healthcare providers caring for these patients are experiencing high levels of anxiety and stress. This can be overwhelming, resulting in mental anguish and loss of productivity during a period when the demand for healthcare is high. Medical facilities need to adopt and quickly enact evidence-based practices that are designed to keep their workforce resilient. Successful implementation of a new practice during a pandemic is challenging. This paper describes how the Medical Association of Georgia is adapting and using "Diffusion of Innovation Science" techniques to formulate their guidelines and help Georgia's medical facilities implement evidence-based practices during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toutbreak of Covid 19 pandemic has critically disrupted each and every aspects of human life including education. It has created unpredictable situation in the area of education around the world. In India government announced lockdown on 22nd March, 2020. Due to that campuses of education institutions mainly school, colleges and universities were closed and teaching and learning has transformed in online mode. In India, approximately 32 crore learners teaching, learning and research stopped. It was the biggest challenge in front of entire education sector. It has been said that necessity is the mother of Inventions. New and innovative ways of teaching and learning tools, techniques, software and new prospects emerged during pandemic time. After Pandemic, introduction of New Education Policy 2020 emphasis on quality, affordability, accountability, universal accessibility of education, multidisciplinary education, institutional sovereignty, promote research which leads to faster transformation of knowledge in to Society. Every coin has two sides, proves true in case of teaching and learning through digital platform. The objective of this paper is to analyze impact of covid on teaching and academic institutions in India, challenges faced by teachers, students and academic institutions, sources of online learning, post covid consequences, new teaching pedagogies after covid. The study will provide the opportunity to pave the way for ministry and related authorities to develop and boost awareness regarding digital learning for beneficiaries academic institutions in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The change in the electricity demand pattern globally due to sudden extreme weather conditions or situations like COVID 19 pandemic has brought unanticipated challenges for the electric utilities and operators around the world. This work primarily deals with the issue of load forecasting during such type of high impact low frequency (HILF) events. In this paper, we propose a novel resilient short-term load forecasting model capable of producing good forecasting performance for normal as well as critical situations during the COVID 19 pandemic and will also be useful for load forecasting for other HILF situations like natural calamity effect on load demand of the power system. The proposed method uses a feed-forward neural network (FFNN) with an added training feature named resiliency factor to forecast load in both regular and special scenarios. The resiliency factor for any type of node in the distribution system is decided by the power utility using the historical data and declared in advance. The proposed model is tested using the smart metered data available from a real-life distribution grid of an academic cum residential campus. The model is giving satisfactory results for both normal as well as COVID scenario for the said network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper analyses the gender dimension of Covid 19 in India, focusing on three major areas, women's work, domestic violence and education. This paper concludes with certain policy suggestions arising out of this and recommends that civil society needs to join together and collectively look for solutions. The paper argues that finding a solution will take time, nevertheless, it may be able to develop alternative ideas and tactics that will not only help treat the problem but also help to prevent it. In any pandemic there is a strong correlation between factors such as income, race, and place of residence. Gender-based effects are also a part of this epidemic. Despite the fact that the crisis affects men and women differently and not always in the same direction, it has a greater impact on women. Our society's social constructs are to blame for this. Hence, it becomes necessary to examine the gender dimension of Covid 19. Some of the aspects that are discussed include, the impact in the job market, increase in care work, the rise of domestic work load, declining output of professional women, impact on elderly and mental health and domestic violence. It also examines how the scenario of education changed after Covid - 19 and what are the challenges and opportunities in it. During the lockdowns, inequities overwhelmingly impact the wellbeing and economic resilience. Due to the current social structure, women bear the brunt of unpaid care giving in today's stressed-out households. The rise in domestic violence is causing increasing concern. Older people with already other symptoms of disease and those with underlying health conditions are likely to experience serious illness. This coronavirus epidemic is not just a medical issue but a social and economic one and its impact is global and prolonged and has left a mark on our society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social entrepreneurship has social, cultural, educational and environmental goals. The primary objective of social entrepreneurship is not to earn profits but to provide innovative solutions to solve a variety of urgent social problems for welfare of the society. Efforts are made to provide information about the challenges and opportunities of social entrepreneurship in India. This paper also attempts to shed light on different successful social entrepreneurs along with their initiatives and contribution towards society during Covid 19. A literature review of secondary data resources is undertaken to get a clear idea about the different exploratory aspects of three prominent social enterprises during pandemic such as SELCO, Goonj and Narayana Health. Social entrepreneurs experienced some critical issues during Covid 19 such as dearth of a viable business plan, Lack of funds, qualified manpower, limited to definite geographies etc. are few challenges before social entrepreneurs. There are opportunities of social entrepreneurship in terms of providing employment to rural people. So, they can explore, exploit and provide the products and services at affordable prices. Thus, generating employment opportunity which is significant for the overall development of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The closure of schools and urgent importance of distance education during the Covid 19 pandemic revealed a necessity to find suitable teaching methods that would help to maintain the continuity level of educational system in case of different possible critical periods of society's survival, such as viral and bacterial pandemics, war, climate, meteorological and other disasters. In this context, the need for possibilities of distance-oriented further education of teachers has also emerged. Moreover, it was very important to create a great amount of suitable teaching materials. All mentioned facts require serious didactic research. In fact, it would also help to identify the positives and negatives of previous teaching methods applied in each individual school subject before the Covid 19 pandemic in Slovakia. During the Covid 19 pandemic, the authors of this paper have implemented a natural science-technologically oriented university course for future teachers in the period of Covid 19 pandemic. The research was conducted by method of pedagogical experiment. Paper consists of 9 chapters altogether, also including introduction, conclusion, acknowledgement, and bibliography. The first chapters are theoretical. They directly present the process of creating FVCOVIDE = Distance forms of education (during Covid 19 pandemic, having the character of experimental forms of teaching). Chapter 3 is of pedagogical experiment nature, applying the above-mentioned models into school practice. It also includes research hypotheses, statistical data processing and results interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to determine the relationship between self-compassion and religiosity in COVID 19 pandemic. Appreciation of religion (attadayyun) or religiosity is an important aspect in a person's life as it has a major influence on behaviour, practices and personality. Selfcompassion is an individual's self-perception that can help understand and persuade oneself with positive words when facing difficult times in life or when committing a transgression by not trying extreme self-criticism and admitting that all that happens is part of a good experience in life. The hypothesis in this study states that there is a positive relationship between self-compassion, Theory of Planned Behaviour and religiosity. This shows that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-compassion, Theory of Planned Behaviour and religiosity when facing the COVID 19 pandemic. This indicates that the higher the self-compassion, the higher the religiosity when facing the COVID 19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID 19 pandemic has seriously affected human resource management practices, as it has in many other aspects of work and life, both internationally and domestically. Through this paper we do not propose to highlight the challenges that managers had to face when they decided to work from home, adopting innovative solutions, examining changes in workforce management and employee well-being. Employees need for flexibility was the driving force behind HR manager's decisions, as well as safety measures and maintaining employee motivation and productivity. Also, the one that can play an important role in addressing the challenges of human resource management during a pandemic is social responsibility, according to some research in the field. Human resource management practices in Europe show that organizations were somewhat prepared, but faced difficulties in facing the situation. At the same time, the US pandemic has forced management to consider alternative approaches to work and address disparities within the profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elevated mortality rates attributed to Covid-19, in conjunction with other concerning statistics such as traffic-related fatalities and corruption percentages, highlight the level of legal culture among citizens in the Republic of North Macedonia. This paper utilizes the Covid-19 pandemic in the Republic of North Macedonia as a case study to demonstrate the citizens' low level of legal culture. The concept of legal culture will be briefly explained, with a focus on external legal culture. Legal culture is deemed a vital factor for the functionality and democracy of a society and will be evaluated through the state's measures to prevent and control the pandemic. These measures encompassed the enforcement of mask-wearing, adherence to social distancing, and vaccination. The Republic of North Macedonia, a post-socialist country with 30 years of independence, has encountered challenges in transforming its political system and modernizing its legal framework. Although legal culture is a relatively recent concept in the sociology of law, it holds significant importance for the rule of law. This concept encompasses diverse indicators reflecting the level of legal culture in a specific country, with judicial institutions, the non-governmental sector, and education identified as key contributors to the development of legal culture [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at the online undergraduate classroom in a South Korean context. Due to the prolonged COVID 19 pandemic, educational institutions around the world have adapted to online learning for course delivery. In addition, recent years have seen an increase in attention to multimodality, and according to Stein (2000), an array of resources including language and other modes, such as gesture, sound, images, textures, and silences should be used when making meaning. Multimodality can play an important part in developing L2 learners' awareness and sensitivity to language and meaning, for increased effective communication. The current study looks at the undergraduate learner in an online, multimodal classroom context. Students met online through Zoom weekly for their classes and participated in online discussions with the lecturer and their fellow peers. Results indicate L2 learners' heightened awareness to both linguistic and multimodal aspects developed through the online learning platform. The details of the class and overall design will be outlined in the paper, as will examples and data excerpts. While the current study was based in a South Korean undergraduate classroom, the pedagogical method can be easily applied across different contexts and adapted to suit various classrooms and needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper we aim to analyse some aspects in which the COVID-19 pandemic generated a crisis regarding the application of the rule of law. First, we will refer to some general aspects regarding the content and importance of rule of law concept in democratic societies. Then, taking into account the fact that the law regulates situations that occur in real life, in society, we will discuss the fact that the COVIC 19 pandemic situation generated circumstances which had not been foreseen by the democratic states authorities and this generated an actual global crisis. This crisis affected the rules regarding the good governance. As the pandemic is approaching its end, our societies are not yet prepared to enforce new necessary aspects of the rule of law. Also, we will refer to the fact that the year 2021 was the third year in a row in which WJP Rule of Law® reported that the rule of law scores of several countries have declined rather than improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to understand the family dynamics of families with children with disabilities during the Covid 19 pandemic, compared to families with children with typical development. The research, which includes 100 respondents - parents of children with disabilities and 100 respondents - parents of children with typical development, is based on the systemic approach of family functioning and uses the Circumplex model as a theoretical basis. The results show that there is a significant difference in the family dynamics during the Covid 19 pandemic in families with children with disabilities and families with children with typical development, measured through the dimensions of family cohesion and family flexibility. Although most families in the two groups have balanced levels of family cohesion and family flexibility, there are significant differences in the separate levels. The results indicate that the families with children with disabilities show readiness to change the family rules in order to adapt to the crisis, and the family members show tendency to distance from each other. In contrast, families with children with typical development show a greater willingness to change, while fostering the connection and togetherness between family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous pandemics have had significant impact on psychological well-being of front-line health care workers. Issues such as fear of contracting the disease, high workload as a result of high numbers of infected cases, increased job stress and unavailability of personal protective equipment have been implicated in development of psychological distress in this subset of individuals. The aim of the present paper is to describe psychobehavioral responses of health care workers and potential predictors of emotional response at onset of COVID-19 outbreak in Nigeria. Cross-sectional web-based survey and 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) were administered anonymously to 444 respondents comprising various categories of frontline healthcare workers. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to determine predictors of anxiety scores. Participants were mostly young adults (mean age 38 years), females (57%), living with a partner (78.2%) and medical doctors (56.8%). Restrictions in clinical activities and use of hand sanitizers were commonest precautionary behaviors. Commonest emotional responses were anger and despair (27.0% and 25.7%), respectively. About 42.8% had clinically significant anxiety symptoms with highest burden among nurses. Perception of likelihood of 2nd wave (p=0.03), self-preparedness (p=0.04), gender (p=0.01) and cadre (p=0.02) were significant predictors of emotional response of anxiety. Study findings highlighted diverse psychological reactions of health care workers with a large proportion screening positive for significant anxiety symptoms. This has implications for planning a comprehensive psychosocial response to COVID-19 pandemic and for future pandemics among frontline health care workers in lowresource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goa is a world famous tourist destination of India with a beautiful coast line of over 105 kms on its western coast stretching over the picturesque golden beaches of Sinquerim, Candolim, Calangute, Baga, Vagator and Anjuna. Coastal tourism is the mainstay of Goa's economy. The economic importance of Goa's coastal tourism is unquestionable. But the main challenge of Goa's coastal tourism is the conflict between the economic benefits tourism generates and its negative impact on the coastal environment. There are research studies on Goa's tourism, coastal sustainability, its carrying capacity etc., but so far there has been no study focusing on coastal tourism in Goa from its stakeholders' perception. The present article analyses the economic, environment and socio -cultural impact of tourism on coastal sustainability of North Goa's famous beaches on stakeholders. The study suggests steps to reduce the negative impact of tourism activities and develop sustainable coastal tourism thereby addressing the research gap on coastal tourism sustainability studies at a local level. Using a convenience sample of 150 coastal stakeholders and applying a 5-point Likert scale, mean and standard deviation, standard error, the paper finds that locals who gained economic benefits perceive coastal tourism to be sustainable and those who haven't, perceive it to be unsustainable. But all the local stakeholders agreed that tourism has adversely affected the coastal environment as well as the socio-cultural sustainability. And, in the aftermath of the COVID 19 pandemic, the economic sustainability is also under threat. For sustainable coastal tourism, environmental laws need to be stringently implemented and all stakeholders need to be proactive and sensitive towards their coastal areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The functioning of the world social and economic order in the 21st century has faced many challenges, but the global Covid-19 pandemic has caused unpredictable tendencies that require immediate, effective and adequate reactions that will respond seriously to the new situation. No society, including Macedonia, has remained immune to the consequences caused by this pandemic, penetrating deeply into all segments of society. The Covid-19 pandemic directly raised the question of the readiness of national socio-economic orders to function in digital format. The functioning of the main carriers of economic fluctuation, i.e., business entities and their capacity for digitalization, is one of the main preoccupations imposed by the pandemic. These issues are current in global and Macedonian aspects. The main purpose of this paper is, through analysis of the practice of joint stock companies listed on the Macedonian Stock Exchange and those with special reporting obligations, to identify the degree of utilization of the opportunity provided in the Law on Trade Companies for organization at shareholders' assemblies by electronic means during the conditions of the pandemic. At the same time, the paper concentrates on the effects that the pandemic causes in the realization of the shareholder rights under the newly created conditions. In addition to analyzing the current situation, the paper provides guidance for improving the provisions for the organization of shareholders' assemblies by electronic means and the exercise of shareholders' rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the physical and mental health of people everywhere. The aim of the study is to understand how people living in 15 countries around the globe experience an unexpected crisis which threatens their health and that of loved ones, and how they make meaning of this disruption in their narratives. Data were collected through an anonymous online survey during May–September 2020, which was during or just after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, depending on the country. The questionnaire included demographic and three open-ended questions as prompts for stories about experiences during the initial months of the pandemic. The text was analyzed through inductive thematic content analysis and quantified for full sample description, demographic and subsequently international comparisons. The final qualitative dataset included stories from n = 1685 respondents. The sample was 73.6% women and 26.4% men. The mean age of participants was 39.55 years (SD = 14.71). The identified four groups of overarching themes were: The presence and absence of others; Rediscovering oneself; The meaning of daily life; Rethinking societal and environmental values. We discuss the prevalence of each theme for the sample as a whole and differences by demographic groups. The most prevalent theme referred to disruptions in interpersonal contacts, made meaningful by the increased appreciation of the value of relationships, present in (45.6%) of stories. It was more prevalent in the stories of women compared to men (χ² = 24.88, p =.001). The paper provides a detailed overview of the methodology, the main themes identified inductively in the stories and differences according to select demographic variables. We identify several major ways of making meaning of the pandemic. The pandemic has impacted many aspects of people's lives which give it meaning, no matter where they live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Covid-19 Pandemic has emphasized the need for evaluators to reorient their skills based on ongoing learnings from evaluations. As a result, evaluators must possess a variety of competencies to meet the challenges created by such unprecedented circumstances. Purpose: Using existing literature about evaluators' competencies and the experiences of conducting evaluations during pandemic, this paper proposes a set of competencies that enable an evaluator to collaborate meaningfully with grassroots organizations and co-design evaluations with communities that empower evaluators to think beyond the boundaries of a project intervention towards achieving a larger goal. Setting: Covid 19 Pandemic and evaluation practice in India Intervention: NA Research Design: Case study with interpretive approach Data Collection and analysis: NA Findings: The paper suggests that acquiring 'strategic thinking' and 'emotional intelligence and resilience' strengthens evaluators' competencies to be flexible and innovative in evolving evaluation methods.

Monetary regulation is one of the most important components of government policy. The monetary regulation policy of the European Central Bank has undergone important transformations over the past ten years as a result of measures that were taken in response to the global financial crisis of 2008. Today the main problem of the ECB is not inflation, but stimulation of the post-crisis development of European countries. As a result, many new elements have been added to the ideology and practice of monetary regulation. Moreover, new challenges, such as a pandemic, are prompting the ECB to seek new means of influencing financial markets and, ultimately, the real sector of the economy. The paper presents the modern system of monetary regulation in the EU, characterizes its structure and legal status. The consequences of the application of unconventional measures of monetary regulation in the EU in the period after the 2008 crisis and during the COVID 19 crisis were determined. The effectiveness of the ECB's actions in overcoming the crisis was analyzed. On the example of the decision of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany, the reasons were identified and the consequences of the conflict between the EU legislation and national legislation in the issue of the jurisdiction of monetary regulation were assessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the systemic inequities in our health care system and society has called for actions to meet the clinical, psychosocial and educational needs in health care settings and communities. In this paper we describe how an organized Department of Health Social Work in a medical school played a unique role in responding to the challenges of a pandemic with community, clinical, and educational initiatives that were integral to our community's health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Art of Healing / Sztuka Leczenia is the property of Jagiellonian University Medical College and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we construct a stochastic discrete compartmental model from a set of hypotheses about the spread and evolution of an epidemic at the individual level. This model is motivated by the specificities of COVID-19 pandemic. Given the complexity of the likelihood of the model, an approximate Bayesian inference algorithm is proposed to estimate model parameters. Simulated datasets are used to test the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. We illustrate the introduced model on Morocco COVID-19 data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid 19 epidemic has forced many organizations to move to remote work (RW), and this trend is expected to continue even later in the post-epidemic period. Employees of the organization are at the heart of this transi-tion to RW, so identifying the factors that affect employee satisfaction with RW is very important for organizations to increase employee commitment and motivation. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting employee satisfaction with RW using an innovative method. In the first phase of this study, a conceptual research model was designed inspired by literature. In the next phase, the proposed conceptual model of this re-search was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Then, using the artifi-cial neural network model, the importance of each of the model variables in pre-dicting employee satisfaction with RW was identified. The findings of this article ultimately disclosed that work-life balance, in-stitutional and technological support, job satisfaction, and perceived limited com-munication are, respectively, are elements that affect employee satisfaction with RW. The first three factors are drivers of employee satisfaction and the last factor (i.e., perceived limited communication) is the constraint of employee satisfaction with RW because it had a statistically significant negative effect on employee satis-faction with RW. This study revealed that organizations should focus on the processes and strategies to improve employees' work-life balance, provide institutional and technological support during remote work, and increase job satisfaction in order to increase the satisfaction level of their employees in the remote work. On the other hand, it was found that perceived limited communication is an effective factor that causes a decrease in the level of satisfaction of employees in remote work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current COVID-19 pandemic scenario, MSMEs are critically hit hard experiencing loss of production and income though they have a significant role to play in the economy. While both the Government and the Reserve Bank of India have come forward with several economic relief measures during lockdown to infuse more liquidity in the market, facilitating banks to lend more and creating a conducive environment to overcome disruptions caused due to COVID-19 in demand for and supply of MSME products, much is expected from these enterprises. In particular, MSMES are expected to prepare Business Contingency Plan suggesting strategies to survive, stabilize and surge under lockdown environment. In this regard, their efforts need to be strengthened. Appreciating this felt need, the present paper attempts to present a live case as a source of guidance to MSMEs which discusses concept and process of preparation and implementation of the Business Contingency Plan during lockdown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adapting indigenous qualitative research methods to an online platform was essential for indigenous qualitative research to continue during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online qualitative data collection is a new method supporting health and other research. During the pandemic, shifting to online qualitative data collection was largely driven by impacts of COVID-19 restrictions where in-person data collection could not be undertaken. Recent research has evaluated online focus groups compared to the in-person focus group approach. However, less is understood about how Māori, Pacific and other Indigenous cultural protocols translate to an online approach. This article is based on a study that undertook an Indigenous approach to online data collection during a period of COVID-19 restrictions in 2022. The study was based in Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand, focused on gaining Māori, Samoan, Tongan and Cook Island Māori perspectives of streptococcus isolate use for rheumatic fever surveillance and research. In Aotearoa New Zealand, rheumatic fever inequitably affects Māori and Pacific children aged 5–15 years. The project used Kaupapa Māori and Pacific centred research methodologies that included online wānanga and fono methods to collect qualitative data from Māori, Tongan, Samoan and Cook Island Māori participants. This article critically reflects on the strengths and challenges of using these methodologies and Māori and Pacific cultural practices in an online health research. The article demonstrates how Indigenous methodologies can effectively be undertaken in online contexts and still maintain cultural integrity and provide rich qualitative data compared to in-person and western informed online qualitative data collection methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants enhance a space's aesthetics and benefit numerous human health and well-being. Indoor plants improve air quality around residential areas by reducing pollutants, increasing humidity levels, and regulating temperature. These plants also reduce stress and anxiety, improve mood, and boost work productivity. Hydroponics, a soilless technique for indoor gardening, can further enhance the transpiration and photosynthesis rates, improving air temperature and humidity. These plants serve as organic air filters that efficiently remove contaminants, including those that can spread viruses like SARS-CoV-2. The presence of indoor plants in indoor environments is linked to improved mental and physical health, making it cost-effective for improving indoor environmental quality. The present review discusses the benefits of incorporating indoor and gardening plants in available indoor or residential spaces, which have been discussed for human well-being and environmental sustainability using previous supporting studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to discuss from an interdisciplinary perspective some lessons learnt from the global COVID 19 pandemic in the area of security, social policy and culture. Prior Work: Theoretical and experimental research of the authors in these three fields. Approach: Overview and analysis of the data collected by the authors with the application of two methods - focus group and method of critical incidents. Results: The empirical results identify the respondents’ perceptions and attitudes towards a number of issues like: human safety, societal and social security, culturally specific reactions and behaviour, etc. Implications: The paper can stimulate a larger discussion in the scientific circles about the necessity of joint research on different aspects of COVID 19 pandemic and its reflections. Value: The study will contribute to positioning the global pandemic and its various dimensions as one of the most topical issues in the contemporary interdisciplinary research.

Globalization is a term explaining the increasing connectivity and cross-border activity among nations in economic, business, trade, tourism, migration, and cultural activities. Globalization has been the most contentious concept that has been evaluated according to political biases and national interests. Therefore, this paper aims at analyzing globalization in context of conceptual evolution, dynamics and factors enlarging globalization, the evaluatıon of globalization and finally the reasons for the decline of globalization. Covid 19 pandemic and its interaction with globalization will also be scrutinized as well. The major outcome of the study sets forth that the actual evolution of globalization has taken place with capitalist progress. It has been a major force in the further progress of globalization Although we are in a declining process of globalization, it is clear that it will survive with humanity as long as human beings exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shirking remains a significant issue within franchise networks, prompting franchisors to impose stringent contractual terms and centralize decision-making processes in an effort to mitigate it. However, challenging circumstances may necessitate increased collaboration, potentially prompting adjustments in the allocation of decision rights across the network. This study seeks to examine the impact of such circumstances on decision rights distribution within 21 franchising networks in Istanbul. Conducted within four districts of Istanbul, this research utilized survey applications to gather data, complemented by personal interviews with participants to ensure clarity and accuracy. Amidst the challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, numerous adaptations were made to organizational structures and decisionmaking frameworks. Identifying the shifts in the decision rights distribution triggered by the pandemic within franchise networks is crucial. Developing suitable strategies to address potential future pandemics is imperative to safeguard both the national economy and the resilience of franchise networks. While this study reveals minimal changes in decision-making pertaining to financial processes and staff recruitment, significant shifts are observed in areas such as advertising, sales promotion, technological innovation, IT systems, advertising fees, training, franchise fees, franchise license fees, and distribution channels. Moderate changes are noted in supplier selection, product variety, product pricing, and store decoration and renovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to define the key motives of non-profit organizations for cooperation with companies on socially responsible issues. The case study was conducted in two interrelated parts. Namely, using qualitative interviews with nonprofit organizations operating in the Czech Republic. Subsequently, focus groups were applied for a deeper analysis and evaluation of the attitudes of experts on the issue. The findings suggest that NGOs focus on the needs of local communities which is a key element for possible cooperation with companies that are also seeking to serve these areas. Another key point for collaboration is the desire of both NPOs and companies to address the issues of the community in which the organization is located, to this end companies are willing to sponsor NPOs to help them address these issues. This study fills a gap in the literature on collaboration between the nonprofit and forprofit sectors on socially responsible issues by applying the concept of integrative and community relations in the context of locally owned businesses and community-based nonprofit organizations, which distinguishes this study from the usually studied issue of multinational organizations and their collaboration with the nonprofit sector. The findings from this study offer key points for the leadership of community-based nonprofit organizations interested in establishing relationships with local businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The COVID 19 pandemic has seriously affected human resource management practices, as it has in many other aspects of work and life, both internationally and domestically. Through this paper we do not propose to highlight the challenges that managers had to face when they decided to work from home, adopting innovative solutions, examining changes in workforce management and employee well-being. Employees need for flexibility was the driving force behind HR manager’s decisions, as well as safety measures and maintaining employee motivation and productivity. Also, the one that can play an important role in addressing the challenges of human resource management during a pandemic is social responsibility, according to some research in the field. Human resource management practices in Europe show that organizations were somewhat prepared, but faced difficulties in facing the situation. At the same time, the US pandemic has forced management to consider alternative approaches to work and address disparities within the profession.

The objective of this paper is to analyse the procyclicality behavior of Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model introduced by IFRS 9, during the economic downturn due to the Covid 19 pandemic. A regression analysis was conducted on a dataset gathered from euro era in order to investigate the hypothesis suggesting that the new model does not exhibit a procyclical behavior. Our findings indicate that, despite the IASB's expectation that the ECL model would have a countercyclical impact, it still demonstrates procyclical behavior.

This article conducted a scientometric analysis of entrepreneurship research during the COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath. The results show that the research focused on four thematic research clusters, namely (a) entrepreneurship and crisis management (b) social entrepreneurship and collaborative networks (c) entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions, and (d) entrepreneurship and adaptation measures to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis shows that while the COVID-19 pandemic has had significant negative impacts on entrepreneurship, innovation, digital transformation, resilience and adaptability, dynamic capabilities and organisational learning, collaborative networks, government support and customer-centric approaches enabled entrepreneurs to navigate the crisis. The review highlights the role of digital technologies, self-efficacy, organisational resilience, social entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education in promoting small business development in the post-pandemic era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fiscal existence of Nigeria is predicated on accruals from the sale of crude oil. Any major threat to the oil industry in Nigeria comes along with major economic shocks and unmitigated consequences for the Nigerian economy. The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic was not only a global health challenge, but also caused unprecedented economic crisis. In specific terms, the global oil supply chain was disrupted and the pandemic had disproportionately impacted on the oil industry in Nigeria. The negative externalities of the pandemic on the Nigerian oil industry were overtly searing for the nation because of her mono-cultural economy. This paper therefore is therefore an analysis of the impacts and challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Nigerian oil industry. The study adopted content analysis of extant literature, which were as well interrogated and interpreted and argued that the severity of the pandemic on the Nigerian oil industry is disproportional because the oil industry is not diversified as it is an enclave economy. Again, we found that because major inputs for the oil industry are sourced externally, with little local content, the industry was virtually grounded with untold effects by way of foreign exchange earnings for Nigeria. We concluded by stressing the need for diversification of the Nigerian economy, which can be achieved if the political leadership invest the rent from sale of oil on industrial manufacturing such as petrochemical and agro-allied industries in order to absorb the long-term shocks of the Covid-19 pandemic

Several changes have characterized the teaching/learning environment in the last decade. The growing importance of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has offered new avenues for teachers and students to deal with content and to ensure practical and effective means of interaction. In addition, the sudden and unexpected events that are taking place all over the globe are urging educationists and stakeholders to seriously think of alternative ways to traditional face to face instruction. The pandemic crisis of COVID 19, the unstable political, economic and social situation in many parts of the world have fostered the idea of migrating to digital (online) learning which guarantees safer and more secured interaction among teachers and students. This paper sheds light on the changing roles and expanded responsibilities of Algerian EFL teachers and students in the 21st Century digital era. Tools of data collection include two different online questionnaires designed for teacher educators and students at the Ecole Normale Supérieure ‘Assia Djebar’, Constantine, Algeria. Results concluded that the experience with e-learning was challenging but worth endeavouring. Moreover, the subjects have shown a certain degree of awareness about the importance of digital instruction in developing students’ autonomous and collaborative learning. On this basis, the study has come up with some suggestions from instructors and learners to make digital learning easier and more effective experience in the future.

The COVID‐19 pandemic inflicted multiple threats to individuals' physical, mental, and financial health conditions. The pandemic‐related restrictive behaviors pose serious consequences for public health and increase the risk of mental illness among individuals, particularly among older citizens. The combination of their pre‐existing illnesses, social isolation, COVID fear, and financial adversity frequently aggravates their condition and leads to depression and mental illness. Thus, the present study investigates the mental health status and the determinants of depressive symptoms among older adults of Bhubaneswar during the COVID pandemic context. The study used the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐15) to measure their depressive symptoms. The social isolation parameter is measured with the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Financial self‐efficacy, COVID‐19‐related psychological fear, and comorbidity health status are other determinants considered. A chi‐square test and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) models are adopted to find the probable risk factors that may influence depressive symptoms among older people. The results indicate that comorbidity health conditions, a social isolation mindset, and financial efficacy issues are the significant determinants that drive an older person towards different depression categories. The improvement of these influential factors can lead senior citizens to avoid any health emergency like COVID pandemic. In the event of a public health emergency, such as COVID pandemic, the government could use the study's findings to devise methods for assisting the elderly. Society as a whole should be aware of these findings, which can lead to depressive symptoms, and offer support to the elderly. Future research may concentrate on identifying the causes of depressive symptoms in different age groups or in the presence of specific comorbidity health conditions. Future research may also investigate the factors influencing depressive symptoms in a specific occupation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the vital role of tourism in the economic development of Georgia and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Country's economy, especially on the hotel industry. Challenges faced by the hotel sector due to pandemic-induced restrictions, resulting in lower revenues and job losses, are presented. The negative consequences for global and local economies are highlighted, citing a UN report on occupational hazards in the tourism industry. The main challenge in the post-pandemic period is highlighted - the outflow of professional staff, the restoration of trust and the re-hiring of experienced personnel. It focuses on staffing challenges in the tourism and hospitality sector in the Ajara region and tries to answer several key issues. These issues identify hotels that have been able to retain staff during the pandemic. The assessment of the impact of staff stability on the hotel's economic situation shows how the hotel chain of the Adjara region contributes to the stability of employees. The study uses an interview-based approach to examine the pre-pandemic situation in hotels, management characteristics, current liquidity problems and predictions regarding the long-term consequences of the pandemic. The research outcomes have delineated recommendations focused on staff retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated covid 19 measurements and the operational performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Survey research design was utilised with multi-stage sampling method. Primary source of data collection was used through copies of questionnaire. Findings from the regression analysis demonstrated that national lockdown has a negative but significant effect on banks' operational performance. Movement restriction has a positive but insignificant effect on banks' operational performance. It was therefore concluded that covid 19 measures disrupted the operations of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It was suggested that customers should have access to electronic banking channels in Nigeria. More so, work flexibility policies that will allow the banks' employees to work from home should be formulated, adopted and encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]