1,149 results
Search Results
2. Using Death Certificates to Explore Changes in Alcohol-Related Mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2017.
- Author
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White AM, Castle IP, Hingson RW, and Powell PA
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Alcohol Drinking mortality, Alcohol Drinking trends, Cause of Death trends, Death Certificates, Population Surveillance methods
- Abstract
Background: Alcohol consumption, alcohol-related emergency department visits, and hospitalizations have all increased in the last 2 decades, particularly among women and people middle-aged and older. The purpose of this study was to explore data from death certificates to assess whether parallel changes in alcohol-related mortality occurred in the United States in recent years., Methods: U.S. mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics were analyzed to estimate the annual number and rate of alcohol-related deaths by age, sex, race, and ethnicity between 1999 and 2017 among people aged 16+. Mortality data contained details from all death certificates filed nationally. For each death, an underlying cause and up to 20 multiple or contributing causes were indicated. Deaths were identified as alcohol-related if an alcohol-induced cause was listed as either an underlying or multiple cause. Joinpoint analyses were performed to assess temporal trends., Results: The number of alcohol-related deaths per year among people aged 16+ doubled from 35,914 to 72,558, and the rate increased 50.9% from 16.9 to 25.5 per 100,000. Nearly 1 million alcohol-related deaths (944,880) were recorded between 1999 and 2017. In 2017, 2.6% of roughly 2.8 million deaths in the United States involved alcohol. Nearly half of alcohol-related deaths resulted from liver disease (30.7%; 22,245) or overdoses on alcohol alone or with other drugs (17.9%; 12,954). Rates of alcohol-related deaths were highest among males, people in age-groups spanning 45 to 74 years, and among non-Hispanic (NH) American Indians or Alaska Natives. Rates increased for all age-groups except 16 to 20 and 75+ and for all racial and ethnic groups except for initial decreases among Hispanic males and NH Blacks followed by increases. The largest annual increase occurred among NH White females. Rates of acute alcohol-related deaths increased more for people aged 55 to 64, but rates of chronic alcohol-related deaths, which accounted for the majority of alcohol-related deaths, increased more for younger adults aged 25 to 34., Conclusions: Death certificates suggest that alcohol-related mortality increased in the United States between 1999 and 2017. Given previous reports that death certificates often fail to indicate the contribution of alcohol, the scope of alcohol-related mortality in the United States is likely higher than suggested from death certificates alone. Findings confirm an increasing burden of alcohol on public health and support the need for improving surveillance of alcohol-involved mortality., (Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.)
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- 2020
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3. Modeling of drinking and driving behaviors among adolescents and young adults in the United States: Complexities and Intervention outcomes.
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Hosseinichimeh N, MacDonald R, Li K, Fell JC, Haynie DL, Simons-Morton B, Banz BC, Camenga DR, Iannotti RJ, Curry LA, Dziura J, Andersen DF, and Vaca FE
- Subjects
- Humans, Adolescent, United States epidemiology, Male, Female, Young Adult, Driving Under the Influence statistics & numerical data, Driving Under the Influence prevention & control, Models, Theoretical, Accidents, Traffic statistics & numerical data, Accidents, Traffic prevention & control, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Automobile Driving psychology, Automobile Driving statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Alcohol-impaired driving is a formidable public health problem in the United States, claiming the lives of 37 individuals daily in alcohol-related crashes. Alcohol-impaired driving is affected by a multitude of interconnected factors, coupled with long delays between stakeholders' actions and their impacts, which not only complicate policy-making but also increase the likelihood of unintended consequences. We developed a system dynamics simulation model of drinking and driving behaviors among adolescents and young adults. This was achieved through group model building sessions with a team of multidisciplinary subject matter experts, and a focused literature review. The model was calibrated with data series from multiple sources and replicated the historical trends for male and female individuals aged 15 to 24 from 1982 to 2020. We simulated the model under different scenarios to examine the impact of a wide range of interventions on alcohol-related crash fatalities. We found that interventions vary in terms of their effectiveness in reducing alcohol-related crash fatalities. In addition, although some interventions reduce alcohol-related crash fatalities, some may increase the number of drinkers who drive after drinking. Based on insights from simulation experiments, we combined three interventions and found that the combined strategy may reduce alcohol-related crash fatalities significantly without increasing the number of alcohol-impaired drivers on US roads. Nevertheless, related fatalities plateau over time despite the combined interventions, underscoring the need for new interventions for a sustained decline in alcohol-related crash deaths beyond a few decades. Finally, through model calibration we estimated time delays between actions and their consequences in the system which provide insights for policymakers and activists when designing strategies to reduce alcohol-related crash fatalities., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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4. Longitudinal patterns of alcohol and cannabis use among US young adults: Correlates and implications for problematic health outcomes.
- Author
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Romm KF, Dearfield CT, and Berg CJ
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- Humans, Male, Longitudinal Studies, Female, Young Adult, Adolescent, Adult, United States epidemiology, Adverse Childhood Experiences statistics & numerical data, Anxiety epidemiology, Alcoholism epidemiology, Personality, Peer Group, Parents psychology, Marijuana Abuse epidemiology, Marijuana Abuse psychology, Marijuana Use epidemiology, Marijuana Use psychology, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Depression epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Alcohol and cannabis use are common during young adulthood. Less is known regarding correlates of alcohol-cannabis use patterns and related problematic health outcomes., Methods: Using longitudinal survey data (Fall 2018, 2019, 2020) from 2,194 young adults (YAs; ages 18-34), bivariate analyses and multivariable logistic regressions examined: (1) Wave 1 (W1) sociodemographics and psychosocial factors (i.e., adverse childhood experiences [ACEs], depressive symptoms, personality traits, parent and peer alcohol and cannabis use) in relation to W3 past-month use group (i.e., use of neither, alcohol only, cannabis only, both/co-use); and (2) W3 use group in relation to W5 problematic alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test), problematic cannabis use (Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test), and depressive/anxiety symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire - 4 item)., Results: Overall, 42.3% reported W3 alcohol-only use, 34.9% co-use, 17.8% no use, and 5.0% cannabis-only use. Those reporting W3 co-use reported greater W1 extraversion, openness, friend alcohol/cannabis use, and were more likely to report parent cannabis use (vs. no use); reported less conscientiousness, greater friend cannabis use, and were more likely to report depressive symptoms and parent cannabis use (vs. alcohol-only use); and reported greater friend alcohol use, and were more likely to report parent alcohol use (vs. cannabis-only use). W3 co-use was associated with higher odds of W5 problematic alcohol use (vs. alcohol-only use) and problematic cannabis use (vs. cannabis-only use)., Conclusions: Substance use messaging and interventions should consider YAs' alcohol-cannabis co-use and the unique correlates of such use., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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5. Multilevel Analysis of Sociopolitical Contexts, Social Support, Mental Health, and Alcohol Use Among Partnered Sexual Minority Latino Men in the U.S.
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Robles G, Lee JJ, Yu M, and Starks TJ
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- Humans, Male, Adult, United States, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Politics, Sexual Partners psychology, Adolescent, Hispanic or Latino psychology, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Sexual and Gender Minorities psychology, Sexual and Gender Minorities statistics & numerical data, Social Support, Alcohol Drinking ethnology, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Mental Health ethnology, Mental Health statistics & numerical data, Multilevel Analysis
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this paper is to examine how state-level characteristics relate to social support and mental health outcomes among Latino sexual minority men in the U.S., Methods: Multilevel linear regression analyses were used to estimate the effect of social support and contextual-level characteristics on mental health and alcohol use among Latino sexual minority men (n = 612). Individual-level data were collected via a national, online survey between November 2018 and May 2019. State-level data were drawn from the 2019 American Community Survey and the Human Rights Campaign's 2018 State Equality Index score cards., Results: The interaction between friend support and supportive LGBTQ+ policies was associated with anxiety (B = 1.77; 95% CI 0.69, 2.85; p = 0.001) and depression (B = 2.25; 95% CI 0.99, 3.50; p<0.001). The interaction between friend support and Latino population size was associated with greater problematic alcohol use (B = 0.06; 95% CI 0.03, 0.10; p<0.001). The interaction between partner support and supportive LGBTQ+ policies were also associated problematic drinking (B = -1.72; 95% CI -3.05, -0.38; p<0.012)., Conclusions: Contextual factors can affect the everyday experiences of Latino sexual minority men. The effect of social support on mental health outcomes may depend on state-level factors. Public health efforts that seek to address the mental health and problematic drinking behaviors of Latino sexual minority men must consider the impact of macro-level policies on program and intervention development., (© 2023. W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute.)
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- 2024
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6. Drinking contexts and their association with acute alcohol-related harm: A systematic review of event-level studies on adults' drinking occasions.
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Stevely, Abigail K., Holmes, John, McNamara, Simon, and Meier, Petra S.
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META-analysis ,DRUNK driving ,YOUNG adults ,CITATION indexes ,ADULTS - Abstract
Issues: Event-level alcohol research can inform prevention efforts by determining whether drinking contexts-such as people or places-are associated with harmful outcomes. This review synthesises evidence on associations between characteristics of adults' drinking occasions and acute alcohol-related harm.Approach: We systematically searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid PsycInfo and the Web of Science Social Sciences Citation Index. Eligible papers used quantitative designs and event-level data collection methods. They linked one or more drinking contexts to acute alcohol-related harm. Following extraction of study characteristics, methods and findings, we assessed study quality and narratively synthesised the findings.Prospero Id: CRD42018119701.Key Findings: Searches identified 95 eligible papers, 65 (68%) of which study young adults and 62 (65%) of which are set in the United States, which limits generalisability to other populations. These papers studied a range of harms from assault to drink driving. Study quality is good overall although measures often lack validation. We found substantial evidence for direct effects of drinking context on harms. All of the contextual characteristics types studied (e.g. people, place, timing, psychological states, drink type) were consistently associated with harms. Certain contexts were frequently studied and associated with harms, in particular, weekend drinking, drinking in licensed premises and concurrent illicit drug use.Implications: The findings of our review indicate target drinking contexts for prevention efforts that are consistently associated with increased acute alcohol-related harm.Conclusion: A large range of contextual characteristics of drinking occasions are directly associated with acute alcohol-related harm, over and above levels of consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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7. Neurotoxicology of alcohol: a bibliometric and science mapping analysis.
- Author
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Santos Mendes, Paulo Fernando, Claydes Baia-da-Silva, Daiane, Pereira Melo, Wallacy Watson, Oliveira Bittencourt, Leonardo, Duarte Souza-Rodrigues, Renata, Pereira Fernandes, Luanna Melo, Ferraz Maia, Cristiane do Socorro, and Rodrigues Lima, Rafael
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NEUROTOXICOLOGY ,ALCOHOL drinking ,FETAL alcohol syndrome ,ALCOHOL ,CENTRAL nervous system ,BEVERAGES - Abstract
Alcohol consumption is common in many societies and has increased considerably, resulting in many socioeconomic and public health problems. In this sense, studies have been carried out in order to understand the mechanisms involved in alcohol consumption and related harmful effects. This study aimed to identify and map the knowledge and to perform bibliometric analysis of the neurotoxicology of alcohol based on the 100 most cited articles. A search was carried out in the Web of Science Core Collection database and information was extracted regarding the journal, authors, keywords, year of publication, number of citations, country and continent of the corresponding author. For each selected manuscript, the study design, alcohol exposure model, dose, period of exposure, and effect on the central nervous system and research hotspots were mapped. The journal with the highest number of publications was Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (n = 11 papers), the author who contributed the most was Crews FT (n = 8 papers), the studies had a total of 288 keywords and 75% of the publications were from the United States of America. The experimental studies evaluated the effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure and were conducted in rats and mice using doses ranging from 2.5 to 14 g/kg/day, with administration by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intragastric, or inhalation route or with free access through drinking bottles. Among the studies mapped, the oldest one (1989) aimed to understand the systemic damage and mechanisms of action involved, while the most recent focused on understanding the receptors and mechanisms involved in addiction, as well as genetic factors. Our results show the panorama of the most widespread scientific production in the scientific community on the neurotoxicology of ethanol, a high prevalence was observed in studies that addressed fetal alcohol syndrome and/or the effects of ethanol on neurodevelopment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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8. Epilogue to the Special Issue on Predrinking and drinking game behaviors among adolescents and young adults in the United States and across the globe: Problems to be addressed in future predrinking research.
- Author
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Kuntsche E
- Subjects
- Humans, Young Adult, Adolescent, United States epidemiology, Universities, Alcohol Drinking, Recreation
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The author declares to have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
- Published
- 2023
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9. Open to More: Queer Hookups, Temporalities, and Life Courses.
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Kampler, Benjamin
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LIFE course approach ,ALCOHOL drinking ,YOUNG adults ,HETERONORMATIVITY - Abstract
Research on hookups established that they are facilitated by alcohol consumption, interpreted as meaningless fun, and couched in ambiguous communication to avoid intimacy. In the United States, hookup culture is associated with a life course stage called "emerging adulthood." This stage allows college students to suspend longer term relationships, parenthood, and the dictates of domesticity that will organize normative adult lives while establishing the careers that will help fund such goals. Hookups allow a mode of sexual engagement that buffers them from the burdens of serious intimacy and normative life course milestones. Scholars examined how the hookup scripts differ for queer hookups and the centrality of heternormativity in the enactment of hookup culture (e.g., Lamont et al. 2018). Less has been said about differences between straight and queer hookups from a life course perspective; this paper takes up this perspective, drawing on 28 interviews with queer participants about their college hookups. Participants' expectations about post‐college intimacy, love, and sex are less fixed, and they are therefore open to more expansive possibilities of intimacy in college than their straight peers. By taking a life course perspective, this paper shows how queer temporalities reveal and challenge the heteronormativity that governs hookup culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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10. Relationships of Cannabis Policy Liberalization With Alcohol Use and Co-Use With Cannabis: A Narrative Review.
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Pacula, Rosalie Liccardo, Smart, Rosanna, Lira, Marlene C., Pessar, Seema Choksy, Blanchette, Jason G., and Naimi, Timothy S.
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PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ONLINE information services ,CANNABIS (Genus) ,GOVERNMENT regulation ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PUBLIC health ,RISK assessment ,GOVERNMENT policy ,ALCOHOL drinking ,MEDLINE - Abstract
PURPOSE: The liberalization of cannabis policies has the potential to affect the use of other substances and the harms from using them, particularly alcohol. Although a previous review of this literature found conflicting results regarding the relationship between cannabis policy and alcohol-related outcomes, cannabis policies have continued to evolve rapidly in the years since that review. SEARCH METHODS: The authors conducted a narrative review of studies published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, that assessed the effects of cannabis policies on the use of alcohol in the United States or Canada. SEARCH RESULTS: The initial search identified 3,446 unique monographs. Of these, 23 met all inclusion criteria and were included in the review, and five captured simultaneous or concurrent use of alcohol and cannabis. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Associations between cannabis policy liberalization and alcohol use, alcohol-related outcomes, and the co-use of alcohol and cannabis were inconclusive, with studies finding positive associations, no associations, and negative associations. Although several studies found that cannabis policy liberalization was associated with decreases in alcohol use measures, these same studies showed no impact of the cannabis policy on cannabis use itself. The lack of a consistent association was robust to subject age, outcome measure (e.g., use, medical utilization, driving), and type of cannabis policy; however, this may be due to the small number of studies for each type of outcome. This paper discusses several notable limitations of the evidence base and offers suggestions for improving consistency and comparability of research going forward, including a stronger classification of cannabis policy, inclusion of measures of the alcohol policy environment, verification of the impact of cannabis policy on cannabis use, and consideration of mediation effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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11. Relationship between characteristics of large national regions and individual alcohol consumption: a scoping review.
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Maksimov, Sergey A, Danilchenko, Yana V, Tsygankova, Darya P, Shalnova, Svetlana A, and Drapkina, Oksana M
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ONLINE information services ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,BINGE drinking ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,ALCOHOL drinking ,GOVERNMENT policy ,RESEARCH funding ,DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,ETHANOL - Abstract
Objective: The goal of our article was to systematise studies that investigated the impact of living conditions in large national regions on individual alcohol consumption. Methods: The objectives of the scoping review, the criteria and methods for selecting articles were defined in advance and recorded in the protocol PROSPERO CRD42021234874. We sought publications on the research topic in PubMed, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, Crossref and eLibrary databases from the moment they were created until December 31, 2021. The final sample included 81 publications. Results: The majority of ultimately selected papers were published after 2010 (62 articles), represented the USA (68 articles), and considered samples of children and youths, either the younger population or the general adult population (65 articles). High quality was characteristic for 19 studies, whereas satisfactory quality was exhibited by 46 publications. The most consistent associations with individual alcohol consumption were revealed for the legislative environment (especially for integral scales and indices), alcohol pricing policy, the prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking in the population, and unemployment rate. Conclusion: The review made it possible to systematise the results of studies on the impact of the characteristics of large national regions on alcohol consumption, including a description of these characteristics and results, samples and designs of studies, their quality, as well as to summarise the results of these studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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12. Machine learning-based analytics of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on alcohol consumption habit changes among United States healthcare workers.
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Rezapour, Mostafa, Niazi, Muhammad Khalid Khan, and Gurcan, Metin Nafi
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MEDICAL personnel ,COVID-19 pandemic ,ALCOHOL drinking ,SUPERVISED learning ,ALCOHOL ,COVID-19 - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health concern that has spread around the globe. Machine Learning is promising in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Machine learning and artificial intelligence have been employed by various healthcare providers, scientists, and clinicians in medical industries in the fight against COVID-19 disease. In this paper, we discuss the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on alcohol consumption habit changes among healthcare workers in the United States during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic. We utilize multiple supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods and models such as decision trees, logistic regression, support vector machines, multilayer perceptron, XGBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, AdaBoost, Chi-Squared Test, mutual information, KModes clustering and the synthetic minority oversampling technique on a mental health survey data obtained from the University of Michigan Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research to investigate the links between COVID-19-related deleterious effects and changes in alcohol consumption habits among healthcare workers. Through the interpretation of the supervised and unsupervised methods, we have concluded that healthcare workers whose children stayed home during the first wave in the US consumed more alcohol. We also found that the work schedule changes due to the Covid-19 pandemic led to a change in alcohol use habits. Changes in food consumption, age, gender, geographical characteristics, changes in sleep habits, the amount of news consumption, and screen time are also important predictors of an increase in alcohol use among healthcare workers in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Alcohol Health Warning Labels: A Rapid Review with Action Recommendations.
- Author
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Giesbrecht N, Reisdorfer E, and Rios I
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- Humans, Product Labeling methods, Public Opinion, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcoholic Beverages
- Abstract
A rapid review of research on health warning labels located on alcohol containers (AWLs) was conducted. Using five search engines (Embase, Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, Psyinfo), 2975 non-duplicate citations were identified between the inception date of the search engine and April 2021. Of those, 382 articles were examined and retrieved. We selected 122 research papers for analysis and narrative information extraction, focusing on population foci, study design, and main outcomes. Research included public opinion studies, surveys of post-AWL implementation, on-line and in-person experiments and real-world quasi-experiments. Many studies focused on the effects of the 1989 United States Alcoholic Beverage Labeling Act on perceptions, intentions and behavior. Others focused on Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, England or Scotland, Italy and France. There was substantial variation in the design of the studies, ranging from small-scale focus groups to on-line surveys with large samples. Over time, evidence has been emerging on label design components, such as large size, combination of text and image, and specific health messaging, that is likely to have some desired impact on knowledge, awareness of risk and even the drinking behavior of those who see the AWLs. This body of evidence provides guidance to policy-makers, and national and regional authorities, and recommendations are offered for discussion and consideration.
- Published
- 2022
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14. Modeling the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic‐driven increases in alcohol consumption on health outcomes and hospitalization costs in the United States.
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Barbosa, Carolina, Dowd, William N., Neuwahl, Simon J., Rehm, Jürgen, Imtiaz, Sameer, and Zarkin, Gary A.
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EVALUATION of medical care ,LIFE expectancy ,ALCOHOL-induced disorders ,MORTALITY ,MEDICAL care costs ,DISEASES ,RACE ,ALCOHOL drinking ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ETHNIC groups ,COVID-19 pandemic ,QUALITY-adjusted life years - Abstract
Background and aims: Alcohol consumption increased in the early phases of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United States. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and risky drinking are linked to harmful health effects. This paper aimed to project future health and cost impacts of shifts in alcohol consumption during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design: An individual‐level simulation model of the long‐term drinking patterns for people with life‐time AUD was used to simulate 10 000 individuals and project model outcomes to the estimated 25.9 million current drinkers with life‐time AUD in the United States. The model considered three scenarios: (1) no change (counterfactual for comparison); (2) increased drinking levels persist for 1 year ('increase‐1') and (3) increased drinking levels persist for 5 years ('increase‐5'). Setting: United States. Participants: Current drinkers with life‐time AUD. Measurements: Life expectancy [life‐years (LYs)], quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs), alcohol‐related hospitalizations and associated hospitalization costs and alcohol‐related deaths, during a 5‐year period. Findings Short‐term increases in alcohol consumption (increase‐1 scenario) resulted in a loss of 79 000 [95% uncertainty interval (UI]) 26 000–201 000] LYs, a loss of 332 000 (104 000–604 000) QALYs and 295 000 (82 000–501 000) more alcohol‐related hospitalizations, costing an additional $5.4 billion ($1.5–9.3 billion) over 5 years. Hospitalizations for cirrhosis of the liver accounted for approximately $3.0 billion ($0.9–4.8 billion) in hospitalization costs, more than half the increase across all alcohol‐related conditions. Health and cost impacts were more pronounced for older age groups (51+), women and non‐Hispanic black individuals. Increasing the duration of pandemic‐driven increases in alcohol consumption in the increase‐5 scenario resulted in larger impacts. Conclusions: Simulations show that if the increase in alcohol consumption observed in the United States in the first year of the pandemic continues, alcohol‐related mortality, morbidity and associated costs will increase substantially over the next 5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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15. The influence of inferred traffic safety culture on traffic safety performance in U.S. States (1994-2014).
- Author
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Benzaman B, Ward NJ, and Schell WJ
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- Humans, Risk Factors, Safety Management, Travel, United States, Accidents, Traffic prevention & control, Alcohol Drinking adverse effects
- Abstract
Introduction: Traffic safety performance (crash fatalities per billion vehicle miles traveled) is influenced by many factors related to the physical and social environment. The traffic safety culture in the local environment can influence behaviors that influence the risk of a fatal crash. However, if traffic safety culture is defined as "shared beliefs," it is not possible to directly observe the effect of culture on traffic safety performance., Method: This study replicated the method proposed by Page (2001) to infer the effect of traffic safety culture on traffic safety performance for U.S. states between 1994 and 2014. This method infers the influence of traffic safety culture from the error between actual and predicted performance based on observable variables that measure the physical and social environment as well as behavioral hazards., Results: The results suggest that a positive traffic safety culture can have a protective effect by producing a lower-than-expected fatality rate. Conversely, a negative traffic safety culture can have an exacerbating effect by producing a larger-than-expected fatality rate., Conclusion: The derived metric for estimating traffic safety culture had strong concurrent validity by correlating with the ranking of states based only on total crash fatality rate., Practical Implications: Consistent with Page (2001), the analysis also identified common risk factors across states including per capita alcohol consumption and unemployment rate., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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16. Interested constituents: identifying groups to mobilize in community organizing efforts to strengthen alcohol control policies.
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Trangenstein PJ, Greenfield TK, and Karriker-Jaffe KJ
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Public Policy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Taxes, United States, Young Adult, Alcohol Drinking legislation & jurisprudence, Public Opinion
- Abstract
Background : Policy support research identifies demographic profiles of those who support policies, but community organizers aim to mobilize groups with an existing structure. Thus, identifying established groups that support alcohol policies may aid organizing efforts. Objective : This paper calculates prevalence and odds of policy support among three potential constituency groups (i.e., religious affiliation, persons harmed by others' drinking, and persons in recovery from alcohol) for three policies: alcohol tax increases, banning alcohol in corner stores, and universal coverage for alcohol treatment. Methods : Using the 2014-15 National Alcohol Survey (n = 3,444; 1,457 male, 1,987 female) and logistic regression, this study explores associations between constituency groups and policy support. Results : Support was higher for the individual-level strategy of alcohol treatment (80.8%) than raising taxes (27.5%) and banning sales in corner stores (52.2%). Support for taxes was higher among persons who valued religion highly (vs not; aOR = 1.46, p < .01), persons harmed by others' drinking (vs not; aOR = 1.71, p < .001), and persons in recovery (vs. not; aOR = 1.76, p = .02); Catholics had lower odds of support for taxes (vs no denomination; aOR = 0.63, p = .01). Persons who valued religion highly (aOR = 1.53, p < .001), Protestants (aOR = 1.63, p < .01), Catholics (aOR = 1.46, p = .03), and persons with other religious denominations (aOR = 2.17, p = .02) had higher odds of supporting bans in corner stores. Only those in recovery showed greater support for treatment (aOR = 3.20, p < .001). Conclusion : Overall, support was lower for population-wide approaches, but results revealed constituency groups that supported these policies. These groups may be allies to organizers who seek to reduce population-level alcohol consumption and harms.
- Published
- 2021
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17. A Disability Studies Analysis of Alcohol Use: Understanding Personal Experiences through Dominant Discourses on Addiction.
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Bacon, Jessica K.
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DISABILITY studies ,ALCOHOL drinking ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,ALCOHOLISM ,ADDICTIONS ,SELF-efficacy - Abstract
This paper describes my experiences with coming to understand my own relationship with alcohol dependency and addiction. Disability studies has offered me a lens and guide through which I have critically interrogated discourses about addiction, while examining the ways dominant and counter-narratives have impacted my own recovery process. In this paper, I review historical information about the emergence of culturally accepted recovery ideologies in the United States that have led to a dominant disease model perspective. Then, I explain the disability studies-informed theoretical underpinnings of this paper, which include discourse theory and disability studies as applied to alcohol addiction. Using disability studies and autoethnography as a guide, the body of the paper uses examples from my own journals to elucidate salient themes that emerged about my experiences in early recovery. The paper uncovers the ways I came to understand my own identity related to addiction, how I navigated feelings of stigma and shame, the ways I found recovery spaces that embraced empowering frameworks aligned to a disability studies ethos, and how I discovered community and pride through this experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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18. Smoking Prevalence in Addiction Treatment: A Review.
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Guydish, Joseph, Passalacqua, Emma, Tajima, Barbara, Chan, Mable, Chun, JongSerl, and Bostrom, Alan
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NICOTINE addiction treatment ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,LOGISTIC model (Demography) ,DRUG abuse ,ALCOHOL drinking ,METHADONE treatment programs ,SMOKING prevention - Abstract
Introduction: This review explores whether smoking prevalence in addiction treatment samples exceeds that shown in epidemiological data for persons with alcohol or other drug use disorders and whether smoking may have decreased over time in the addiction treatment population as it has done in the general population. Methods: English language papers published between 1987 and 2009 were searched electronically. Forty papers reporting smoking prevalence for addiction treatment samples in the United States were identified, and key predictor variables were abstracted. Random logistic models were used to assess relationships between each individual predictor (year, treatment modality, primary drug treated, government status, and public/private funding status) and smoking prevalence. Results: The lowest smoking prevalence aggregated for studies reported in any single year was 65%, well above epidemiological estimates reported among those with alcohol use and drug use disorders. The odds of smoking were higher in methadone maintenance programs (odds ratio [OR] = 2.25, CI = 1.08, 4.68) as compared with outpatient programs. No other variables in the model were significant. Reanalysis omitting recent studies that may represent outliers or confounding with type of treatment showed a small but significant decrease in smoking over time (OR = 0.9891, CI = 0.9888, 0.9893). Conclusions: The very high smoking rates reported in addiction treatment samples warrant significant, organized, and systemic response from addiction treatment systems, from agencies that fund and regulate those systems, and from agencies concerned with tobacco control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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19. Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana Use Among Young Adult Drinkers: Age‐Specific Changes in Prevalence from 1977 to 2016.
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Terry‐McElrath, Yvonne M. and Patrick, Megan E.
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SUBSTANCE abuse ,AGE distribution ,CANNABIS (Genus) ,ALCOHOL drinking ,STATISTICAL reliability ,DISEASE prevalence ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,HISTORY - Abstract
Background: The overall prevalence of U.S. young adult alcohol use has decreased, but little is known about historical change in related behaviors such as simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use that may increase alcohol‐related risks and societal costs. The purpose of this paper was to examine historical change in SAM use prevalence among U.S. young adult alcohol users from 1977 to 2016, and consider the extent to which observed historical change in SAM use among alcohol users reflects co‐occurring change in marijuana use during these years. Methods: Data on past 12‐month alcohol, marijuana, and SAM use at up to 6 modal ages (19/20, 21/22, 23/24, 25/26, 27/28, and 29/30) were collected from 11,789 individuals (45.0% men) participating in the Monitoring the Future panel study. Annual prevalence estimates within modal age group were obtained; historical SAM use trends among alcohol and marijuana users were estimated. Results: From 2014 to 2016, SAM use was reported by approximately 30% of alcohol users aged 19/20 and 21/22, and 20 to 25% of alcohol users aged 23/24 through 29/30. Since the mid‐1990s, age‐specific historical trends in SAM use prevalence among alcohol users followed 1 of 4 patterns: significant increase followed by oscillating increases/decreases (at modal age 19/20), consistent and significant increases (at modal ages 21/22, 23/24, and 25/26), stability followed by increase (at modal ages 27/28), or stability (at modal ages 29/30). In contrast, SAM use trends among marijuana users primarily reflected stability, with some evidence of a decrease across time at modal ages 19/20 and 23/24. Historical change in SAM prevalence among alcohol users was strongly and positively correlated with changes in overall marijuana use prevalence. Conclusions: A growing proportion of early and mid‐young adult alcohol users reported SAM use, with the highest risk among those in the early years of young adulthood. Young adult SAM use may continue to increase in proportion to the degree that young adult marijuana use continues to increase. This paper examined historical change in simultaneous alcohol and marijuana (SAM) use prevalence among U.S. young adult alcohol users from 1977‐2016. While the overall prevalence of U.S. young adult alcohol use has decreased, a growing proportion of early and mid‐young adult alcohol users reported SAM use, with the highest risk among those in the early years of young adulthood. Young adult SAM use may continue to increase in proportion to the degree that young adult marijuana use continues to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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20. Businesses, Places, and Homicide: A Preliminary Empirical Examination.
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Lane, David C., Williams, Kirk R., and Foster, Jacob
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HOMICIDE rates ,VIOLENCE ,HOMICIDE ,ALCOHOL drinking ,ADULTS - Abstract
This paper empirically examines the relations between homicide rates by age (adults 18 to 24 and adults 25 or older), the tattoo shop density, on-site and off-site alcohol outlets, and disadvantage. It offers an additional explanation for the relation between alcohol outlets and homicide besides alcohol availability and consumption being facilitators of such lethal violence, suggesting that these businesses are a proxy for attracting those most prone to violent behavior. The analysis estimated linear pooled cross-sectional time series models to test the relations between age-specific homicide rates and tattoo shop density, on-site alcohol density, off-site alcohol density, and a multidimensional measure of disadvantage. These relations were examined among 88 of the largest cities in the United States for the years 1998 to 2006 (city-years = 792). The findings showed positive relations between homicides rates involving young adults 18 to 24 years of age, off-site alcohol outlets, tattoo shops, controlling for disadvantage. Findings suggest business establishments that attract young adults increase the likelihood of lethal violence not solely because of the availability and consumption of alcohol, but by increasing the convergence in space and time of motivated offenders and suitable targets, with limited or absent capable guardianship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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21. The Role of Stress, Trauma, and Negative Affect in Alcohol Misuse and Alcohol Use Disorder in Women.
- Author
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Guinle MIB and Sinha R
- Subjects
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcoholism epidemiology, Child, Ethanol, Female, Humans, Prevalence, Sex Characteristics, United States epidemiology, Affect, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Alcoholism psychology, Psychological Trauma psychology, Stress, Psychological psychology
- Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD), which has been fueled in part by dramatic rises in binge and heavy drinking and prevalence of AUD in women. Historically, alcohol misuse and AUD have been more prevalent in men than in women. However, recent evidence on data from the past decade shows increases in AUD prevalence rates that are associated with substantially higher binge and heavy drinking and AUD prevalence in women compared to men. This paper first addresses the key roles of stress, trauma, childhood maltreatment, negative affect, and mood and anxiety disorders; sex differences in the presentation of these psychosocial and psychological factors; and their contributions to alcohol misuse, escalation to binge and heavy drinking, and transition to AUD in women. Also examined are potential central and peripheral biological mechanisms by which stressors and traumatic experiences, as well as chronic stress states-including depression and anxiety-may facilitate differential pathways to alcohol misuse, escalation, and transition to AUD in women. Finally, this paper discusses major gaps in the literature on sex differences in these areas as well as the need for greater research on sex-specific pathways to alcohol misuse and transition to AUD, so as to support a more comprehensive understanding of AUD etiology and for the development of new strategies for prevention and treatment of alcohol misuse and AUD in women., Competing Interests: Financial Disclosure The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.
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- 2020
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22. Situational context and motives of alcohol use among graduate student drinkers.
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Allen HK, Barrall AL, Beck KH, Vincent KB, and Arria AM
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- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Education, Graduate, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Social Behavior, United States, Young Adult, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Motivation, Students psychology, Students statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Extensive research has examined alcohol use context and motives among undergraduates, but less is known about where, when, and why graduate students drink. The current study aimed to describe the motives and situational context of graduate student alcohol use, identify demographic and program characteristics associated with alcohol use motives and context, and assess how alcohol use motives and context are associated with alcohol use behavior. A sample of master's and doctoral-level students who drank during the past month (n = 2091; 63% female) completed an online survey. An exploratory factor analysis yielded two situational context factors: drinking in social situations (e.g., with friends, at a bar) and non-social situations (e.g., alone, at home). Graduate students most frequently endorsed social and enhancement drinking motives. Results of multivariate linear regression models showed that age, sex, race/ethnicity, and international student, marital, parental, and employment status were all associated with motives and context. Drinking for enhancement and drinking to cope were the motives most strongly associated with increased alcohol quantity and frequency, respectively. Drinking in social contexts was positively associated with alcohol quantity and frequency, and drinking in non-social contexts was positively associated with alcohol use frequency but inversely related to alcohol quantity. Graduate students who drink for enhancement reasons and in social situations might be at increased risk for higher quantity alcohol use, or graduate students who drink for coping reasons and in non-social situations might be at increased risk for more frequent alcohol use. Future longitudinal research is needed to explore whether drinking in certain contexts and with certain motivations is predictive of alcohol problems during and after graduate school., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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23. Alcohol consumption patterns in young adults with type 1 diabetes: The SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.
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Roberts AJ, Law JR, Suerken CK, Reboussin BA, Lawrence JM, Taplin CE, Mayer-Davis EJ, and Pihoker C
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Alcohol Drinking adverse effects, Alcohol Drinking ethnology, Binge Drinking complications, Binge Drinking epidemiology, Binge Drinking ethnology, Child, Cohort Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ethnology, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Minority Groups statistics & numerical data, United States, Young Adult, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 epidemiology
- Abstract
Aims: The objective of this study is to describe alcohol consumption behaviors of young adults with T1D and to examine associations between alcohol consumption and diabetes-related clinical markers., Methods: Data from 602 SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study participants age ≥ 18 yrs. with T1D were collected from 12/2011 to 6/2015 (50% female, mean age 21.3(SD 2.4), 22% race/ethnic minority). Participants were characterized as alcohol non-drinkers (n = 269), drinkers but non-binge drinkers (n = 167), or binge drinkers (n = 166) based on reported consumption in the past 30 days. Analyses were conducted using one-way ANOVAs, chi-square tests, and logistic regression modeling to examine associations between drinking and clinical markers., Results: Fifty-five percent of participants reported alcohol consumption; 27.6% of participants reported binge drinking. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, neither binge drinking nor non-binge drinking were associated with HbA1c or severe hypoglycemic events relative to non-drinkers. Binge drinking was associated with higher HDL (p = 0.008), lower systolic blood pressure (p = 0.011), and a lower waist:height ratio compared to non-drinkers (p = 0.013)., Conclusions: Young adults with T1D in the SEARCH cohort reported similar alcohol use but higher rates of binge drinking compared to the general United States population and previously reported rates in adults with T1D., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2020
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24. Sexual and Gender Minority Youth Alcohol Use: Within-Group Differences in Associations with Internalized Stigma and Victimization.
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Watson RJ, Fish JN, Poteat VP, and Rathus T
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- Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Bullying psychology, Crime Victims statistics & numerical data, Defense Mechanisms, Female, Gender Identity, Humans, Male, Sexual Behavior statistics & numerical data, Sexual and Gender Minorities statistics & numerical data, United States, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Crime Victims psychology, Sexual Behavior psychology, Sexual and Gender Minorities psychology, Social Stigma
- Abstract
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth are more likely to use alcohol than their heterosexual cisgender peers. At the same time, SGM youth experience sexuality- and gender identity-specific stressors known to exacerbate negative health outcomes. Though scholars have established a link between minority stressors (e.g., internalized stigma and victimization) and increased alcohol use for SGM youth as a whole, there is little indication of whether internalized stigma and victimization are more strongly associated with alcohol use for specific groups of SGM youth. A United States sample of 11,811 racially and geographically diverse 13-17 year old SGM youth was used to employ a series of gender-stratified multivariable regression models to examine the association among internalized stigma, victimization, and alcohol-related behaviors, and whether they differed for specific groups of sexual minority youth. Sexual orientation moderated several associations between sexual minority stressors (i.e., victimization and stigma) and youth's alcohol use (i.e., recent use and heavy episodic drinking) across models stratified by gender (i.e., male, female, and non-binary). For example, bisexual boys had stronger associations between SGM-specific victimization and alcohol use frequency and heavy episodic drinking relative to gay boys; conversely, victimization and alcohol use frequency were more weakly associated among bisexual girls relative to lesbian/gay girls. Pansexual girls showed weaker associations between internalized stigma and alcohol use frequency compared to lesbian/gay girls. This paper demonstrates who among SGM youth are more likely to engage in alcohol-related behaviors as a function of differential forms of SGM-related victimization and stigma. These findings can inform substance use interventions that are tailored to youth of diverse sexual orientations and gender identities.
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- 2019
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25. Regional and racial/ethnic variations in alcohol consumption among older adults.
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Bryant AN and Kim G
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- Black or African American psychology, Black or African American statistics & numerical data, Aged, Alcohol Drinking ethnology, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Ethnicity statistics & numerical data, Female, Hispanic or Latino psychology, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Racial Groups statistics & numerical data, Socioeconomic Factors, United States epidemiology, White People psychology, White People statistics & numerical data, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Ethnicity psychology, Racial Groups psychology
- Abstract
Objectives : This paper sought to examine the role of region and race/ethnicity in alcohol consumption among older adults. Methods : Data were obtained from the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Participants aged 60 and older were included ( n = 185, 190). Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted to examine the effects of region and race/ethnicity on alcohol consumption among older adults. Results : Results indicate that region and race/ethnicity are significantly related to the alcohol consumption of older adults. More specifically, results suggest that White older adults consume significantly more alcohol than other racial/ethnic groups among older adults. Regarding regional effects, results suggest that older adults in the West consume significantly more alcohol than older adults in the Midwest and South. Additionally, results suggest regional variation in alcohol consumption patterns by race/ethnicity. Conclusion : Findings provide additional insight into how and where alcohol is being used among older adults in the United States. Further, findings highlight the importance of taking race/ethnicity and geography into consideration when investigating the health behaviors of older adults.
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- 2019
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26. Two Ways to Transfer a Bodily Right.
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Liberto, Hallie
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SURROGATE motherhood ,SEX work ,DEAD bodies (Law) ,ALCOHOL drinking ,POLITICAL philosophy - Abstract
There are two ways to transfer a bodily right. One might transfer a bodily right in a detaching way – that is, without transferring jurisdiction over one’s future bodily choices. Alternately, one might transfer a bodily right in an attaching way – that is, in a way that transfers such jurisdiction. For instance, A might sell his kidney to B for money paid at the time of the transplant. Alternately, A might accept money now, agreeing to give up his kidney some time down the road. In the latter case and not the former, B acquires normative jurisdiction over A’s future bodily choices. In this paper I will argue that the distinction between attaching and detaching transfers of bodily rights has implications regarding whether certain contracts and agreements should be legally enforced – and whether problems arise when the moral and legal transferability of these rights comes apart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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27. Advertising and Peer Influences on Teen and Young Adolescent Alcohol Consumption Decisions: A Theory-of-Reasoned-Action Approach.
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Sciglimpaglia, Donald, Tarr, Emily K., and Brodowsky, Glen H.
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ALCOHOL drinking ,PEER pressure ,THEORY of reasoned action ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,TEENAGERS - Abstract
This paper uses the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to develop a model predicting influences on adolescents' alcohol consumption behavior. Specifically, we examine the variables of attitudes toward drinking, attitudes toward people in beer advertisements, and peer and parental influence on their intentions to consume alcohol. Data were collected from 613 public school students in the United States between grades six and nine (ages 10–15). Overall, our theoretical model is supported, and our results show that adolescents' decisions to drink are influenced by their attitudes toward drinking, by the normative influences of peers, parents, and those they see in advertisements. We discuss our findings in terms of alcohol education public policy recommendations pertaining specifically to the content of beer advertisements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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28. The Discouraged Worker and Suicide in the United States.
- Author
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Liu, De-Chih
- Subjects
DISCOURAGED workers ,SUICIDE ,DRUG addiction ,UNEMPLOYMENT ,ALCOHOL drinking - Abstract
This paper empirically analyses whether worker discouragement is linked to suicide in the United States. This paper argues that discouraged workers might translate their frustration into alcohol or drug consumption rather than committing suicide directly. Based on the linear Granger causality test, this study finds that changes in the number female unemployed workers help to predict changes in female suicide patterns. A 1 % increase in growth in the male unemployment rate with age (45-54) will lead to a 2.8 % increase in the growth of male alcohol-induced deaths. This study finds a nonlinear causality from the female unemployment with age (25-34, 45-54, 50 and over) to drug-induced deaths. These findings suggest the importance of providing treatment for the jobless to reduce the risk for excessive alcohol consumption, drug misuse and suicidal behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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29. Using social network analysis to examine alcohol use among adults: A systematic review.
- Author
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Knox J, Schneider J, Greene E, Nicholson J, Hasin D, and Sandfort T
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Africa epidemiology, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcoholism epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Europe epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Alcoholism psychology, Risk-Taking, Social Networking
- Abstract
Background: Alcohol use and abuse constitute a major public health problem and identifying their determinants is a priority. Social network analysis can indicate how characteristics of social networks are related to individual health behaviors. A growing number of studies have used social network analysis to examine how social network characteristics influence adult alcohol consumption, but this literature has never been systematically reviewed and summarized. The current paper systematically reviews empirical studies that used social network analysis to assess the influence of social network characteristics on drinking behaviors in adults., Methods: A literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science databases and a review of the reference lists of retrieved articles was conducted in March 2019. Two reviewers independently screened 5,510 non-duplicate records, and further screened the full text of 150 articles to determine their eligibility for inclusion. Seventeen articles were judged eligible and included., Results: Most studies were conducted among young adults (mean age<30), in university settings or follow up visits with adolescent networks moving into adulthood. The objectives and methods of the included studies were heterogeneous. All included studies reported a statistically significant association between a social network characteristic and an alcohol consumption-related outcome. Social network members drinking behaviors were associated with participants' drinking behaviors in multiple ways., Discussion: In young adults, among whom the majority of identified studies were conducted, with whom they socialize and how they socialize appears to be associated with alcohol consumption; this was observed across methodologies and settings. We still know very little about the relationship of social networks to drinking in older age groups, and in populations most impacted by alcohol. As social networks appear to play a role in the consumption of alcohol in young adulthood, interventions that utilize social networks to help reduce harmful alcohol consumption should be considered., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2019
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30. A Pilot Follow-Up Study of Older Alcohol-Dependent COGA Adults.
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Chan G, Kramer JR, Schuckit MA, Hesselbrock V, Bucholz KK, Edenberg HJ, Acion L, Langbehn D, McCutcheon V, Nurnberger JI Jr, Hesselbrock M, Porjesz B, Bierut L, Marenna BC, Cookman A, and Kuperman S
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Aged, Alcohol Abstinence statistics & numerical data, Driving Under the Influence statistics & numerical data, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Prevalence, Risk-Taking, United States epidemiology, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Alcoholism epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Alcohol consumption and problems are increasing among older adults, who are at elevated risk for alcohol-related accidents and medical problems. This paper describes a pilot follow-up of older adults with a history of alcohol dependence that was designed to determine the feasibility of conducting a more extensive investigation., Methods: The sample consisted of previously assessed subjects in the Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism who: (i) were age 50+; (ii) had lifetime DSM-IV AD; and (iii) had DNA available. Individuals were located through family contacts, Internet searches, and death registries. A brief telephone interview assessed demographics, health, and alcohol involvement., Results: Of the total sample (N = 2,174), 36% were contacted, 24% were deceased, and 40% were not yet located. Most (89%) contacted subjects were interviewed, and 99% of them agreed to future evaluation. Thirty percent of interviewed subjects reported abstinence for 10+ years, 56% reported drinking within the past year, and 14% last drank between >1 and 10 years ago. There were no age-related past-year differences in weekly consumption (overall sample mean: 16 drinks), number of drinking weeks (30.8), maximum number of drinks in 24 hours (8.1), or prevalence of weekly risky drinking (19%). Among those who drank within the past 5 years, the 3 most common alcohol-related problems were spending excessive time drinking or recovering (49%), drinking more/longer than intended (35%), and driving while intoxicated (35%); and about a third (32%) received some form of treatment., Conclusions: Over a 1-year period, we located 60% of individuals last seen an average of 23 years ago. The majority of contacted individuals were interviewed and willing to be evaluated again. Although the proportion of individuals currently drinking diminished with age, subjects exhibited troublesome levels of alcohol consumption and problems. Our findings suggest the importance and feasibility of a more comprehensive follow-up., (© 2019 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.)
- Published
- 2019
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31. Gender differences in drinking behavior among Latino/a heavy drinkers.
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Lee CS, González Castro F, Nicholls ME, O'Connor B, Marosi S, and Colby SM
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- Acculturation, Adult, Drinking Behavior, Emigrants and Immigrants psychology, Family Characteristics, Female, Focus Groups, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motivation, Sex Factors, Stress, Psychological, United States, Alcohol Drinking ethnology, Alcohol Drinking psychology
- Abstract
Background: In the United States (U.S.), higher levels of acculturation have been associated with higher rates of heavy alcohol use more consistently among Latino women than among Latino men. This paper explores mechanisms underlying the link between acculturation and alcohol use among Latino/as in the U.S. We examine alcohol use expectancies and motives from the perspectives of the social cognitive theory of gender development., Methods: Qualitative narratives data from six focus groups of individuals (total n = 37), who met criteria for heavy drinking (4/5 drinks/occasion for females/males), were examined separately by gender (18 females; 19 males). Coded narratives data were analyzed using a framework that compared lives in Latin America and in the U.S. Emergent themes were analyzed for their consistency across genders. Gender-specific themes were identified., Results: Changes in family structure and the loss of social networks prompted divergent patterns of drinking among men and women, such that relative to patterns in their countries of origin, drinking among Latino women increased while it decreased among Latino men. Men and women reported drinking to replace missing social bonds, a motive not frequently reported in the literature on drinking motives. Women who engaged in heavy-drinking nonetheless described traditional gender role expectations after U.S. arrival. Only men endorsed positive alcohol expectancies in Latin America. Women reported drinking to alleviate psychological distress in the U.S., Conclusions: Pre and post-immigration comparisons revealed different drinking trajectories among men and women after immigration to the U.S. These patterns appeared to be influenced by new social contexts and changes in familial expectations regarding women's roles. Future inquiry that examines gender-specific themes in alcohol expectancies and motives unique to the experience of immigration, is warranted., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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32. Top priorities for alcohol regulators in the United States: protecting public health or the alcohol industry?
- Author
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Mart, Sarah M.
- Subjects
PREVENTION of alcoholism ,LIQUOR laws ,EXECUTIVES ,ALCOHOL drinking ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,GOVERNMENT agencies ,ALCOHOLIC beverages ,INDUSTRIES ,PUBLIC health ,SOCIETIES - Abstract
ABSTRACT Aims This paper describes alcohol industry involvement in the 2010 annual conference proceedings of the National Conference of State Liquor Administrators (NCSLA) in the United States. Design The author attended the conference, observed conference attendees and panelists and identified key themes in the panel sessions. Setting The NCSLA Annual Meeting took place 20-24 June 2010 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Participants NCSLA meeting attendees and panelists were professionals from state alcohol control systems; federal government agencies; and companies representing the alcohol industry. Measurements The total number of conference attendees and participants were counted as well as the number of attendees and participants from regulator, industry and public health sectors. Findings More than two-thirds (72.2%) of the 187 conference attendees were from alcohol producers, importers, wholesalers, retailers or their attorneys. Nearly two-thirds (65.0%) of the 40 panelists were from the alcohol industry. The author of this paper was the only attendee, and the only panelist, representing public health policy. Conclusions The National Conference of State Liquor Administrators in the United States is dominated by the private, global companies that produce, import, distribute and sell alcohol, highlighting a lack of public health considerations within the Association's liquor control agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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33. Daily Drinking Is Associated with Increased Mortality.
- Author
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Hartz SM, Oehlert M, Horton AC, Grucza RA, Fisher SL, Culverhouse RC, Nelson KG, Sumerall SW, Neal PC, Regnier P, Chen G, Williams A, Bhattarai J, Evanoff B, and Bierut LJ
- Subjects
- Cardiovascular Diseases mortality, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms mortality, Smoking epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, Survival Analysis, United States epidemiology, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Alcohol Drinking mortality
- Abstract
Background: There is evidence that low-level alcohol use, drinking 1 to 2 drinks on occasion, is protective for cardiovascular disease, but increases the risk of cancer. Synthesizing the overall impact of low-level alcohol use on health is therefore complex. The objective of this paper was to examine the association between frequency of low-level drinking and mortality., Methods: Two data sets with self-reported alcohol use and mortality follow-up were analyzed: 340,668 individuals from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and 93,653 individuals from the Veterans Health Administration (VA) outpatient medical records. Survival analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between low-level drinking frequency and mortality., Results: The minimum risk drinking frequency among those who drink 1 to 2 drinks per occasion was found to be 3.2 times weekly in the NHIS data, based on a continuous measure of drinking frequency, and 2 to 3 times weekly in the VA data. Relative to these individuals with minimum risk, individuals who drink 7 times weekly had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of all-cause mortality of 1.23 (p < 0.0001) in the NHIS data, and individuals who drink 4 to 7 times weekly in the VA data also had an adjusted HR of 1.23 (p = 0.01). Secondary analyses in the NHIS data showed that the minimum risk was drinking 4 times weekly for cardiovascular mortality, and drinking monthly or less for cancer mortality. The associations were consistent in stratified analyses of men, women, and never smokers., Conclusions: The minimum risk of low-level drinking frequency for all-cause mortality appears to be approximately 3 occasions weekly. The robustness of this finding is highlighted in 2 distinctly different data sets: a large epidemiological data set and a data set of veterans sampled from an outpatient clinic. Daily drinking, even at low levels, is detrimental to one's health., (© 2018 by the Research Society on Alcoholism.)
- Published
- 2018
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34. The CHILD Intervention for Living Drug-Free Comprehensive Assessment of Risk, Resilience, and Experience (CHILD CARRE) Measure: Initial Findings.
- Author
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Jones, Hendrée E., Momand, Abdul Subor, Morales, Brian, Browne, Thom, Poliansky, Nicolas, Ruiz, Diego, Aranguren, Mercedez, Sanchez, Silvina, Valeria Fratto, Maria, and O'Grady, Kevin E.
- Subjects
SUBSTANCE abuse risk factors ,ALCOHOL drinking ,INTERVIEWING ,RESEARCH methodology ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,RISK assessment ,SMOKING ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,SOCIAL support ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics - Abstract
This paper summarizes the development and evaluation of an assessment instrument for children ages 7–12. The CHILD CARRE measure is a semi-structured interview with 7 domains. Children from the USA and Argentina (N = 134) completed baseline and follow-up assessments. Substance use occurred at an average age of 8. Almost 33% of the children were taking medications for medical issues, more than 50% of them said that medical problem gets in the way of doing things they like to to do and almost 64% of the children stated that they would like to feel better. On average, children completed third grade in school, 56% of them knew how to read and 26% of the children started making money at age 8. Most children (74%) saw someone drunk or high and 23% of children reported alcohol or psychoactive substance use. Among these children using substances, such substance use occurred at an average age of 8, and in the past 30 days they used these substances an average for 5 days. The rating of level of risk on the part of the interviewer placed these children in the "risky" to "very risky" categories. Most children reported seeing their family members smoking (83%) or using alcohol (67%), and 49% reported seeing their family members high on drugs. Few children (10%) had conflicts with the law, while 46% of their family members had legal problems. Some children (30%) reported having serious problems getting along with family members, neighbors, or friends. These results suggest that this measure can serve as the first comprehensive measure to assess multiple life domains for young children at risk for or using psychoactive substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Socioeconomic differentials in mortality by cause of death in the Republic of Ireland, 1984-2008.
- Author
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Layte, Richard and Banks, Joanne
- Subjects
COMPARATIVE studies ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MORTALITY ,CAUSES of death ,ALCOHOL drinking ,CIRRHOSIS of the liver ,PROBABILITY theory ,RESEARCH funding ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,DATA analysis software ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio - Abstract
Context/problem: Comparative analysis of relative and absolute mortality differentials between socioeconomic groups are now available. These show consistently increasing relative increases in mortality differentials but complex trends in absolute mortality differentials. Objective: This paper provides an analysis of relative and absolute trends in mortality by cause of death and socioeconomic group (SEG) from 1984 to 2008 among men and active women aged 30-64 years in Ireland and compares these results with recent European and US studies to give an overview of trends. Methods: This paper uses mortality data from the Irish Central Statistics Office from 1984 to 2008 to calculate standardized death rates by age, sex, socioeconomic status and cause of death showing trends in SEG inequalities in mortality in Ireland. These show which specific causes of death are driving all-cause mortality trends. Results: SEG differentials in all-cause mortality among men and women have been increasing since the 1980s. Some of this increase reflects larger falls in cardiovascular causes among advantaged groups, but the trend is largely accounted for by increasing inequalities in mortality in digestive, neoplasm and external causes of deaths. Conclusions: These findings are in line with international findings that show that socioeconomic differentials in digestive, neoplasm and external cause deaths are driving general socioeconomic differentials in all-cause mortality. External cause deaths may have been influenced by levels of economic activity, particularly in construction, during the economic boom among manual workers. Furthermore, deaths from digestive diseases during the 1990s and 2000s may well be the result of increases in liver disease associated with excessive alcohol consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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36. Impacts of Changing Marijuana Policies on Alcohol Use in the United States.
- Author
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Guttmannova, Katarina, Lee, Christine M., Kilmer, Jason R., Fleming, Charles B., Rhew, Isaac C., Kosterman, Rick, and Larimer, Mary E.
- Subjects
CANNABIS (Genus) ,DRUG control ,ALCOHOL drinking ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,RESEARCH funding ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Background Marijuana policies are rapidly evolving. In the United States, recreational use of marijuana is now legal in 4 states and medical marijuana is legal in 23 states. Research evaluating such policies has focused primarily on how policies affect issues of price, access to, use, and consequences of marijuana. Due to potential spillover effects, researchers also need to examine how marijuana policies may impact use and consequences of alcohol. Methods The current paper is a critical review of articles evaluating alcohol outcomes associated with marijuana decriminalization, medical marijuana legalization, and nonmedical or recreational marijuana legalization. We identified articles and reports through (1) online searches of EBSCO host database including Academic Search Premier, Econlit, Legal Collection, Medline, PsycARTICLES, and Psyc INFO, as well as PubMed and Google Scholar databases; (2) review of additional articles cited in papers identified through electronic searches; and (3) targeted searches of state and local government records regarding marijuana law implementation. We reviewed studies with respect to their data sources and sample characteristics, methodology, and the margin of alcohol and marijuana use, timing of policy change, and the aspects of laws examined. Results The extant literature provides some evidence for both substitution (i.e., more liberal marijuana policies related to less alcohol use as marijuana becomes a substitute) and complementary (i.e., more liberal marijuana policies related to increases in both marijuana and alcohol use) relationships in the context of liberalization of marijuana policies in the United States. Conclusions Impact of more liberal marijuana policies on alcohol use is complex, and likely depends on specific aspects of policy implementation, including how long the policy has been in place. Furthermore, evaluation of marijuana policy effects on alcohol use may be sensitive to the age group studied and the margin of alcohol use examined. Design of policy evaluation research requires careful consideration of these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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37. The Use of Regulatory Power by U.S. State and Local Alcohol Control Agencies to Ban Problematic Products.
- Author
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Grossman ER, Binakonsky J, and Jernigan D
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Alcohol Drinking legislation & jurisprudence, Alcoholic Beverages, Commerce legislation & jurisprudence, Public Health legislation & jurisprudence
- Abstract
Background: Alcohol is responsible for 4,300 deaths a year in the U.S. among persons under 21. Alcohol companies innovate rapidly and produce new products, some of which prove popular among young people. The 18 "control jurisdictions" in the U.S. - those that exercise monopoly control over some aspect of alcohol distribution - have the ability to govern which products become available within their borders and have, at times, exercised that authority to block particular products from sale., Objectives: This paper is an exploratory study examining how states use regulatory authority in control jurisdictions to restrict the sale of new alcohol products within their borders, and the reasoning used to justify those decisions., Methods: The authors, collaborating with the National Alcohol Beverage Control Association, surveyed control state officials regarding procedures and policies governing the sale of new products in their jurisdictions., Results: Control jurisdictions have banned/restricted different products (e.g., grain alcohol and alcoholic energy drinks) for a variety of reasons (e.g., flavorings/packaging appealing to underage drinkers, blurring of distinctions between alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks, and judgment that the product was not socially responsible). Conclusions/ Importance: Although U.S. control jurisdictions universally have the authority to limit access to problematic alcohol products; they vary in the degree to which they use it. These states need to take action, and as of now, there is no systematic reasoning behind when and how states make decisions to ban/restrict these products. Greater exploration of regulatory authority in this arena could be protective of public health.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Sexual Behavior and Heavy Episodic Drinking Across the Transition to Adulthood: Differences by College Attendance.
- Author
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Vasilenko SA, Linden-Carmichael A, Lanza ST, and Patrick ME
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Alcohol Drinking epidemiology, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Odds Ratio, Prevalence, Sexual Behavior statistics & numerical data, Time Factors, United States, Young Adult, Adolescent Development, Alcohol Drinking psychology, Sexual Behavior psychology, Students psychology, Students statistics & numerical data, Universities statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Despite a growing literature on college students' sexual behaviors, little is known about how sexual behaviors, and their associations with alcohol, differ for college and noncollege attenders, and whether these patterns represent changes during college or an extension of pre-college behaviors. This paper applied time-varying effect models to data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to examine (1) prevalence of four sexual behaviors from ages 14 to 24 and (2) how their association with frequent heavy episodic drinking varied across these ages for college and noncollege attenders. Nonattenders have higher prevalence of all sexual behaviors than college attenders across most ages; however, the association between heavy episodic drinking and sexual behaviors is stronger for college attenders during ages 18-20., (© 2017 Society for Research on Adolescence.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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39. DRAUGHTS AND DRUNKS: THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF TAVERNS AND BARS TO EXCESSIVE DRINKING IN AMERICA.
- Author
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Nusbaumer, Michael R., Mauss, Armand L., and Pearson, David C.
- Subjects
ALCOHOL drinking ,DRINKING behavior ,BARS (Drinking establishments) ,SOCIAL sciences ,COMMON sense ,SOCIABILITY ,SOCIAL participation ,SOCIAL learning - Abstract
This paper assesses the contributions made by the frequent patronage of taverns and bars to excessive drinking in the United States. All previous studies that have considered the relation between tavern patronage and drinking behavior have assumed the latter to be the independent variable, but without any particular theoretical explanation beyond "common sense." This paper reverses that causal reasoning and shows further that the factors usually offered to explain heavy tavern patronage (e.g., the quest for sociability by young, unattached males) are not the ones most useful in explaining heavy drinking. The paper develops at some length a social behaviorist or social learning theoretical framework, based on a comprehensive review of the existing literature on taverns and bars, to highlight the nature of the intermittent reinforcement provided by the tavern and bar milieux for excessive drinking. Survey data are then analyzed by means of multiple regression equations to show that frequency of exposure of these milieux is indeed the single most important predictor of excessive drinking (as operationally defined here), far outweighing the combined effects of all the other factors known to be implicated in heavy drinking. Findings are replicated both in a national sample and in a local Northwest sample, despite some differences in the measurement of the major variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1982
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Drinking and Intimate Partner Violence Severity Levels Among U.S. Ethnic Groups in an Urban Emergency Department.
- Author
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Caetano, Raul, Cunradi, Carol B., Alter, Harrison J., Mair, Christina, Yau, Rebecca K., and Gerson, Lowell W.
- Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence ,ETHNIC groups ,AGE distribution ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MENTAL depression ,DRINKING behavior ,ALCOHOL drinking ,DRUGS of abuse ,HOSPITAL emergency services ,IMPULSIVE personality ,METROPOLITAN areas ,PERSONALITY ,RACE ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,SURVEYS ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,FOOD security ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ODDS ratio ,ADVERSE childhood experiences - Abstract
Background: Emergency departments (EDs) provide care to ethnically diverse populations with multiple health‐related risk factors, many of which are associated with intimate partner violence (IPV). This paper examines ethnic‐specific 12‐month rates of physical IPV by severity and their association with drinking and other sociodemographic and personality correlates in an urban ED sample. Methods: Research assistants surveyed patients at an urban ED regarding IPV exposure as well as patterns of alcohol and drug use, psychological distress, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), and other sociodemographic features. Results: The survey (N = 1,037) achieved an 87.5% participation rate. About 23% of the sample reported an IPV event in the past 12 months. Rates were higher (p < 0.001) among blacks (34%), whites (31%), and multiethnic (46%) respondents than those among Asians (13%) and Hispanics (15%). Modeled results showed that black respondents were more likely than Hispanics (reference) to report IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.98–2.66, p < 0.05) and that respondents' partner drinking was associated with IPV (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.25–2.73, p < 0.01) but respondents' drinking was not. Use of illicit drugs, younger age, impulsivity, depression, partner problem drinking, ACEs, and food insufficiency were all positively associated with IPV. Conclusions: There was considerable variation in IPV rates across ethnic groups in the sample. The null results for the association between respondents' drinking and IPV was surprising and may stem from the relatively moderate levels of drinking in the sample. Results for ethnicity, showing blacks as more likely than Hispanics to report IPV, support prior literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Underestimation of alcohol consumption in cohort studies and implications for alcohol's contribution to the global burden of disease.
- Author
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Stockwell, Tim, Zhao, Jinhui, Sherk, Adam, Rehm, Jürgen, Shield, Kevin, and Naimi, Tim
- Subjects
ALCOHOLISM ,PEOPLE with alcoholism ,SELF-report inventories ,GLOBAL burden of disease ,MORTALITY of people with alcoholism ,CAUSES of death ,ALCOHOL drinking ,ETHANOL ,LONGITUDINAL method ,POPULATION geography ,SURVEYS ,WORLD health ,SAMPLE size (Statistics) - Abstract
Background and aims: Estimated alcohol consumption from national self‐report surveys is often only 30–40% of official estimates based on sales or taxation data. Global burden of disease (GBD) estimates for alcohol adjust survey estimates up to 80% of total per capita consumption. This assumes that cohort studies needed to estimate relative risks for disease suffer less from under‐reporting than typical national surveys. However, there is limited evidence on which to base that assumption. This paper aims to assess the extent of underestimation of alcohol consumption in cohort studies concerning alcohol and mortality compared with official total consumption estimates. Design Comparisons of estimated per capita consumption from a comprehensive sample of cohort studies against official estimates by country and year. Participants: A total of 1 876 046 participants in 40 cohort studies from 18 countries on alcohol use and all‐cause mortality identified by systematic review. Measurements Alcohol consumption data from the cohort studies were converted into usual grams of ethanol per day and then to total age 15+ per capita consumption. Matched estimates were sourced from the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Observatory. Findings The cohort studies had mean coverages of age 15+ per capita alcohol consumption of 61.71% (ranging from 29.19% for Russia to 96.53% for Japan), after weighting estimates by sample size for within‐country estimates and by number of studies per country for the overall estimate. Regional estimates were higher for the United States (66.22%) and lower for western European countries (55.35%). Conclusions: Underestimation of alcohol consumption in cohort studies is less than in typical population surveys. Because some under‐coverage is caused by under‐sampling heavier drinkers, the current practice of uplifting survey estimates to 80% of total population consumption in global burden of disease studies appears to be appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Food insecurity, psychological distress and alcohol use: understanding the salience of family roles for gender disparities.
- Author
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Ciciurkaite, Gabriele and Brown, Robyn Lewis
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,DRINKING behavior ,ALCOHOL drinking ,MARITAL status ,MENTAL health ,PARENTHOOD ,SEX distribution ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,FAMILY roles ,FOOD security - Abstract
The goal of this paper was to expand upon research documenting the adverse mental health effects of food insecurity by assessing the explanatory role of gender differences in family roles and arrangements among a nationally-representative sample of U.S. adults. Using data from the combined 2011-2012 and 2013-2014 cycles of The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we estimated a series of models using adult food insecurity measures and self-reported gender as main predictors of depressive symptoms and alcohol use. Our results demonstrate that marriage is protective against greater depressive symptomatology among women and men, and higher alcohol consumption among men. However, the protective effects of marriage against high alcohol use are reduced within the context of food insecurity among men. Further, the results indicate that parenthood is protective against greater depressive symptoms and alcohol consumption among women, but not men. The protective effects of having children are, however, diminished among women in food insecure households. These findings add to the growing literature on the mental health consequences of household food insecurity, and extend this work by clarifying ways in which family roles come to bear on gender differences in the association between food insecurity and psychological and behavioural outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Alcoholic Beverage Advertising and Consumption in the United States, 1964-1984.
- Author
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Franke, George and Wilcox, Gary
- Subjects
ALCOHOLIC beverage advertising ,ECONOMIC consumption surveys ,ADVERTISING spending ,MASS media influence ,ALCOHOL drinking ,BEHAVIORAL economics ,WINE advertising ,BEER advertising ,SOCIOECONOMICS - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between industry-wide advertising expenditures and per capita consumption of beer, wine, and distilled spirits in the United States. Advertising expenditures are studied in six media: network and spot television, network radio, magazines, newspaper supplements, and outdoor. The findings reveal no evidence of a significant relationship between total advertising and consumption of beer, but find positive significant relationships between consumption and advertising of wine and distilled spirits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. EFFECTS OF TWO KINDS OF ALCOHOL ADVERTISING ON SUBSEQUENT CONSUMPTION.
- Author
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Kohn, Paul M., Smart, Reginald G., and Ogborne, Alan C.
- Subjects
ALCOHOLIC beverage advertising ,ALCOHOL drinking ,ALCOHOLIC beverages ,DRINKING behavior ,COMMUNICATION in marketing ,ADVERTISING ,ADVERTISING laws ,HUMAN behavior ,ALCOHOLIC beverage advertising laws ,ALCOHOLIC beverage industry ,LIQUOR laws ,PSYCHOLOGY ,MARKETING - Abstract
This paper reports an experiment on the effects of two kinds of alcohol advertising on subsequent consumption. Male passersby in a shopping mall, ascertained to be drinkers aged 19 to 45, each underwent one of three procedures: evaluation of five "lifestyle" advertisements for an imported beer; evaluation of five "tombstone" advertisements for that beer; and an interview about their evaluation of the shopping mall. As payment, they received a $5.00 voucher for immediate use at dinner in a licensed restaurant whose management provided data on subjects' alcohol consumption (n = 163). Six to twelve weeks later, 84 subjects were reached-by telephone for an ostensibly independent survey about beverage consumption, non-alcoholic and alcoholic. No evidence was found that either lifestyle or tombstone advertising had any impact, immediate or delayed, on any category of alcohol consumption. Nor did subjects' evaluations of the types of advertisements differ significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Alcohol facts labels on Four Loko: Will the Federal Trade Commission's order be effective in reducing hazardous drinking among underage youth?
- Author
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Esser, Marissa B. and Siegel, Michael
- Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of alcohol ,ALCOHOLIC beverages ,FLAVORED alcoholic beverages ,MINORS ,ALCOHOL ,YOUTH & alcohol ,PREVENTION of alcoholism ,GOVERNMENT policy ,MARKETING ,ALCOHOL drinking - Abstract
Underage drinking accounts for 4400 alcohol-attributable deaths in the US each year. After several reports of the deaths of young people due to the consumption of the flavored-alcoholic beverage (FAB) Four Loko, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) examined whether Phusion Projects violated federal law by using deceptive marketing. In 2013, the FTC responded by ordering alcohol facts labels on Four Loko disclosing the number of standard drinks contained in the product. This paper aims to discuss whether the FTC's order for alcohol facts labels on Four Loko cans will effectively reduce the hazardous consumption of FABs among youth. The authors discuss the existing research that relates to the FTC's order, including studies on the effectiveness of serving size labeling for reducing youth drinking, research on the brand-specific consumption of FABs among underage youth, and the associations between youth drinking and exposure to alcohol marketing. After synthesizing the evidence, the authors conclude that simply requiring the disclosure of the number of standard drinks on supersized Four Loko cans is not likely to adequately address the hazardous consumption of this beverage among underage drinkers. Instead, if the FTC addresses the marketing of these products and its potential to encourage the excessive use of alcohol, as the Attorneys General did recently in a settlement with the same company, it is possible that there would be a greater impact on reducing youth alcohol consumption. Additional research is needed to determine the impact of alcohol facts labels in changing underage drinking behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. What's in a game? Future directions for the assessment and treatment of drinking games.
- Author
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Read, Jennifer P.
- Subjects
DRINKING games ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,ALCOHOL drinking in college ,ALCOHOLISM ,ALCOHOL drinking ,DRINKING behavior - Abstract
This conclusion reviews the critical issues raised by the papers in this Special Issue on Drinking Games, with an eye toward directions for future research and the development of palliative interventions. In particular, this conclusion highlights the significance of individual-level characteristics that are associated with drinking game risk, the social context in which these games take place, and methodological considerations for studying both the individual and the context as they unfold as part of drinking game practices. Given both the ubiquity of these games in North American college drinking life, and the substantial hazards with which these games are associated, interventions that may reduce harmful outcomes are needed but have not yet been developed. Issues relevant to the development of such interventions are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Towards the development of laboratory methods for studying drinking games: Initial findings, methodological considerations, and future directions.
- Author
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Silvestri, Mark M., Lewis, Jennifer M., Borsari, Brian, and Correia, Christopher J.
- Subjects
DRINKING games ,ALCOHOL drinking in college ,DRINKING behavior ,ALCOHOL drinking ,DRINKING customs ,ALCOHOLISM - Abstract
Background: Drinking games are prevalent among college students and are associated with increased alcohol use and negative alcohol-related consequences. There has been substantial growth in research on drinking games. However, the majority of published studies rely on retrospective self-reports of behavior and very few studies have made use of laboratory procedures to systematically observe drinking game behavior. Objectives: The current paper draws on the authors' experiences designing and implementing methods for the study of drinking games in the laboratory. Results: The paper addressed the following key design features: (a) drinking game selection; (b) beverage selection; (c) standardizing game play; (d) selection of dependent and independent variables; and (e) creating a realistic drinking game environment. Conclusions: The goal of this methodological review paper is to encourage other researchers to pursue laboratory research on drinking game behavior. Use of laboratory-based methodologies will facilitate a better understanding of the dynamics of risky drinking and inform prevention and intervention efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Introduction to the special issue: Innovations in clinical harm reduction.
- Author
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Rotgers, Frederick
- Subjects
HARM reduction ,RISK management in business ,ALCOHOL drinking ,THERAPEUTICS ,RESEARCH teams - Abstract
This paper introduces three articles focusing on clinical harm reduction [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Best Article Award: Fleissig.
- Author
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Virgo, Katherine S.
- Subjects
PUBLISHED articles ,ECONOMIC research ,ALCOHOL drinking ,AWARDS - Abstract
The article announces that Adrian Fleissig has won the 2017 Best Article Award from the periodical for his research paper "Changing Trends in U.S. Alcohol Demand," which was published in the September 2016 issue of the periodical.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Alcohol Advertising on Social Media: A Content Analysis on Message Strategies of Alcohol Advertisements on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
- Author
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Campbell, Alexis and Jee Young Chung
- Subjects
ALCOHOL drinking ,SOCIAL media ,ELABORATION likelihood model ,YOUNG adults ,WIT & humor ,CONTENT analysis - Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol consumption in the United States has increased greatly (Barbosa, Cowell, & Dowd, 2020), and social media use has increased in 2020. The current paper seeks to explore strategies of alcohol-related social media advertisements across a variety of alcohol types, alcohol brands, and social media platforms. By applying the Elaboration Likelihood Model, the current study analyzed message strategies used to appeal to consumers, content patterns, and characteristics of alcohol advertisements on social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram). A content analysis on 596 ads of 12 alcohol brands showed that the most common themes included "taste," "seasonal," "holiday," "recipe," and "joke/humor" in captions and pictures of alcohol ads. Themes known for targeting young people in the past ("social success," "an improved mood," and "increased sense of selfconfidence") were not found as much as expected in captions and pictures. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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