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Efficient and reliable public road transportation systems are essential for ensuring accessible and sustainable mobility for the vast population of India. With a rapidly growing population and increasing urbanization, India faces significant challenges in providing affordable, safe, and efficient road transportation services. This paper aims to analyze the key challenges and explore opportunities for improvement in the public road transportation sector in India. As the paper begins, it emphasizes the importance of public road transportation for both urban and rural populations. In addition to facilitating economic growth, it provides essential services. Despite this, India's public road transportation system faces several challenges. Furthermore, the lack of reliable and standardized public transportation is a major concern. Private buses and unregulated informal transport operators dominate the road transportation sector, leading to issues of overcrowding, irregular schedules, and inadequate passenger comfort and safety measures. To address these challenges and improve public road transportation in India, the paper explores potential opportunities and solutions. It highlights the need for increased investment in road infrastructure development, including the expansion of road networks, improved road design, and enhanced traffic management systems. Additionally, the integration of technology, such as intelligent transportation systems and realtime information systems, can optimize operations and enhance the overall passenger experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Bibliometrics refer to documents and citation-based measures that measure different aspects of performance of a journal, including impact, output and prestige. Objective The aim of this study was to collect bibliometric data of various Indian dermatology journals as well as Indian journals from other disciplines, in order to compare relative performances. Methods Journal metrics pertaining to various Indian journals, both from dermatology [Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (IJDVL), Indian Journal of Dermatology (IJD), Indian Dermatology Online Journal, Indian Journal of Pediatric Dermatology and International Journal of Trichology] and other disciplines [Indian Journal of Medical Research (IJMR), Indian Journal of Pediatrics (IJP), Indian Journal of Ophthalmology and Indian Journal of Pharmacology] were sought. Data pertaining to the following 8 metrics during the year 2021 was collected: Journal Impact factor, SCImago Journal Rank, h5-index, Eigenfactor score and normalized Eigenfactor Score, Journal Citation Indicator, Scimago Journal and Country Rank H-index, CiteScore and Source Normalized Impact per Paper. Results Among Indian dermatology journals, for the year 2021, IJDVL had the highest impact factor (2.217) and h-index (48). IJD led in terms of prestige metrics such as SCImago Journal Rank (0.403), Eigenfactor score (0.00231) and Source Normalized Impact per Paper (1.132). IJDVL underperformed with respect to an average dermatology journal on all three prestige metrics. Among selected journals from other disciplines, two (IJMR and IJP) had impact factor exceeding five, despite lagging behind IJDVL two years ago. Most had normalized scores exceeding 1, indicating better performance than an average journal from their respective fields. Limitations Non-inclusion of altmetrics related data Conclusion IJDVL is one of the leading Indian journals in the field of dermatology, followed closely by IJD. A rise in IJDVL influence is evident over the past decade, as evident by various metrics. However, the progress still trails behind the average of global dermatology journals as evident by the field-normalized journal metrics, indicating potential for further growth of journal influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mandate of journal metrics is to measure the performance of journals indexed in the concerned databases based on their citation impact. Such measurements are essential to understand the quality of research output and assess the quality of the journals in which such research gets reported. There are several such journal metrics in use and include Journal Impact Factors (JIF), CiteScore, Article Influence Factor, Eigenfactor (EF), Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP), SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), h-index, i-10 index, Altmetric Attention Score, and PlumX metrics. Journal metrics help decide which journal to choose to publish one's manuscript in. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the Scopus journal metrics of Indian Earth and Planetary Sciences journals and to identify the top Indian Earth and Planetary Sciences journals based on their journal indices in Scopus for the period 2011 to 2020. Method: Data on the Scopus-indexed Indian Earth and Planetary Sciences journals from SCImago Journal and Country Rank databases available at https://www.scimagojr.com/journalrank.php was collected. These journals' metrics were collected from Scopus Source List available at https://www.scopus.com/sources.uri. Results: Indian Earth and Planetary Sciences Journals in Scopus are ranked based on their journal metrics in Scopus for the period 2011 to 2020. Conclusion: Based on the bibliometric parameters used, the Journal of Geological Society of India and the Journal of Earth System Sciences are the most impactful journals in Earth Science published in India. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing follows. Both journals are published on behalf of the most influential scientific societies in Earth Science in India by Springer. Several Indian Earth and Planetray Science journals have over four decades of publishing records but have impact factors <1.5. When the journal's prestige is considered, these three journals are joined by the Journal of Astrophysics & Astronomy also. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance training in India, and more specifically, my training in dance, has been shaped by multiple, overlapping systems of power that created a very specific notion of what counts as dance. In this position paper I examine these systems of power, and what they mean to performance training, through the prism of personal experience. I then articulate what the core aims of my pedagogy is and provide some concrete possibilities to disrupt power structures within performance pedagogy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, remote work has become a widespread phenomenon, affecting various sectors of the economy, including the services sector. This paper examines the effects of remote work and in-person work on productivity, profitability, satisfaction, and challenges faced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the services sector. The paper employs a survey methodology to gather data from 200 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in the services sector across India, who have opted for remote work or in-person employment during the pandemic. To analyze the data and test the hypotheses, the paper employs descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. In the paper, it is found that remote work has a positive impact on the productivity and profitability of SMEs in the services sector, but also poses some challenges such as communication difficulties, cyber-security risks, and work-life balance issues. In addition, the paper finds that in-person work has a positive impact on the satisfaction and motivation of SMEs in the services sector, but also exposes them to health risks and operational costs. The paper concludes by presenting some recommendations for small and medium-sized enterprises operating in the services sector to effectively address the challenges of remote work and in-person work, and to capitalize on the potential offered by both forms of employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various issues within the issue on topics including double taxation in India, barriers in international competitiveness research, and progressive goods and services tax.

The paper aims to present a comparative analysis of scholarly research output in the fields of Library and Information Science (LIS) in India and South Korea. The Web of Science database was used to retrieve the bibliographic data of the Indian and South Korean LIS published documents during 2001-2020 and the indicators were included in the analysis: research productivity, publication-quality, most prolific authors, institutions and journals, "Annual Growth Rate (AGR)", "Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)", "Relative Growth Rate (RGR)", and "Doubling Time (DT)". All types of documents such as articles, conference papers, book reviews, corrections, editorial materials, so on were included in the study. MS Excel, VOS viewer, and bibliometrix (R-tool) software were used for tabulation and mapping. The results show that South Korea placed the top in the overall output of LIS research publications during the last two decades. The Indian LIS research output, Annual Growth Rate (AGR), and Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) were good compared to South Korean LIS publications. In addition, the South Korean LIS researchers' output has increased rapidly in terms of publications, citations, average citations. Gangan Prathap (India), Seyoung Lee, and Heejin Lee (SK) are the most prolific authors; Indian Institute Technology, Delhi and Yonsei University, Seoul are the most prolific institutions; and the Scientometrics journal was the most preferred journal by the Indian and South Korean LIS researchers during the study period. The results of this study are useful to administrators, policymakers, and academics. In addition, the scope of this study might include looking at research published by LIS scholars in India and South Korea, as well as examining all types of academic publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyses the Eosinophilia research output carried out during the year 1998 - 2017 the different parameters including authorship pattern, growth, Time Series Analysis Degree of Collaboration, Institutions' contribution, most productivity journals were analysed. The overall growth rate of literature output is found to be positive with an increasing trend in Eosinophilia research throughout the study period. Two and more authored papers constitute majority of the contribution and degree of collaboration had a maximum value of 7.14. The result shows that research development activities are increasing in Eosinophilia research in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research Article presents a Scientometric analyst of research output in India in the field of Greenhouse Effect during the period of 2001 to 2017 as reflected in SCOPUS Database. Collected data for a total of 568 have been published in India in the field of Greenhouse effect and it's analyzed according to objectives. The research paper reveal that the year wise growth of literature in terms of year wise growth in the number of publications, subject areas leading to maximum publications, international affiliations, relative growth rate, doubling time and the individual contributions of authors to name a few and their publication reveals that Tiwari, G.N published highest number of papers 21 (3.70%), Document Wise Distribution show that the most number of documents are of the type article totaling to 395 (69.54%) publications. Foreign Countries Contribution in India shows that The United States of America (USA) has the top rate of involvement with 60 (31.91%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass media including television, internet, and newspapers influences public views about various issues by means of how it covers an issue. Newspapers have a wider reach and may affect the impact that a news story has on the reader by factors such as placement of the story within the different pages. We did a pilot study to see how two English newspapers from Mumbai, India were covering psychiatry related news stories. The study was done over a period of 3 months. We found a total of 870 psychiatry related news stories in the two newspapers over 3 months with the majority of them being covered in the main body of the newspapers. Sex‑related crime stories and/or sexual dysfunction stories received the highest coverage among all the news while treatment and/or recovery related stories received very little coverage. It is crucial that the print media takes more efforts in improving reporting of psychiatry‑related stories and help in de‑stigmatizing psychiatry as a discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Understanding factors while selecting an analgesic and its usage pattern by Indian healthcare practitioners (HCPs). Methods. Questionnaire-based survey was conducted among six healthcare specialties. Results. Total 448 HCPs participated. Patient’s age (72.8%, 74.4%, 87.5%, and 78.9%) and duration of therapy (70.8%, 66.2%, 69.6%, and 73.6%) were main attributes for selecting an opioid according to general practitioners (GPs), dentists, consulting physicians (CPs), and surgeons, respectively. Patient’s age was important factor while selecting NSAID according to 77.60%, 66.91%, and 84.20% of GPs, dentists, surgeons, respectively. For mild pain, paracetamol was the choice according to 77%, 78.57% and 74% of GPs, CPs, and surgeons, respectively. For moderate pain, 77%, 87.50%, 68%, and 80.30% of GPs, CPs, surgeons and orthopedicians, respectively, preferred the use of paracetamol + tramadol combination. For moderate pain, NSAID + paracetamol and paracetamol+diclofenac were used by 68.94% and 47.73% of orthopedicians, respectively. Lack of pain clinic (38.8%) in city was commonly cited reason for not referring patients to pain clinics. Conclusion. Patient’s age, duration of therapy, comorbid conditions, frequency of dosing, and severity of pain are important parameters while selecting analgesics. Paracetamol and its combinations are commonly used for mild and moderate pain, respectively. Pain clinics currently have limited presence in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is encouraging to see the much needed shift in the understanding and recognition of the concept of "burden of disease" in the context of traumatic injury. Equally important is understanding that the impact of trauma burden rivals that of nontraumatic morbidities. Subsequently, this paradigm shift reinstates the appeal for timely interventions as the standard for management of traumatic emergencies. Emergency trauma care in India has been disorganized due to inadequate sensitivity toward patients affected by trauma as well as the haphazard, nonuniform acceptance of standardization as the norm. Some of the major hospitals across various regions in the country do have trauma care units, but even those lack protocols to ensure that all trauma cases are handled by those units, largely owing to lack of structured referral system. As a first step to reform the state of trauma care in the country, a detailed overview is needed to gain insight into the prevailing reality. The objectives of this paper are to thus weave a foundation based on the statistical and qualitative burden of trauma in the country; the available infrastructure of trauma care centers equipped to deal with trauma; the need and scope of standardized protocols for intervention; and most importantly, the application of these in shaping educational initiatives in advancing emergency trauma care in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposal for an integrated national emergency number for India is garnering a lot of enthusiasm and stimulating debate. This ambitious project has a two-part paradigm shift to set in; the first being the integration into a single number and the infrastructure required for setting up and operating this number such that a call can be received and identified. The second is the submerged part of the iceberg: That of the ability to respond to a call and deliver the appropriate emergency service. The first part is more technical and has potential precedents like the 911 phone hotline, for example, to emulate. The main premise of this paper is that the second part is a rather subjective exercise largely determined by the realities of existing public infrastructure in a specific geographical area with respect to emergency services management, especially medical care. Consequently, we highlight the key areas of both precall preparedness and postcall execution that need to be reviewed prior to going live with an integrated number on a national scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a discussion of Arthur I. Bloomfield's research paper on a survey of central banking in developing countries. The reviewer said that his research was lucid and comprehensive and the author is in general agreement with Bloomfield on the various issues he discusses. The author adds to Bloomfield's paper by describing the various steps taken by the monetary authorities in India in the late 1940s and throughout most of the 1950s. The steps were taken to strengthen the banking and credit system.

Objectives: Analyses the Indian publications output in glaucoma research during 2002-11 on several parameters including contribution & citation impact of top most productive countries, India's overall contribution, its growth pattern and citation impact, the share of international collaboration in India's overall research output, contribution of leading countries and identification of leading foreign collaborating partners, Indian contribution & impact of different types of glaucoma, glaucoma research by sub-fields and glaucoma research output by different population age groups, productivity and impact of leading Indian institutions and authors and pattern of communication of Indian output in most productive journals. Methods: The Scopus Citation Database has been used to retrieve the data for 10 years (2002-11) by searching the keywords "glaucoma or intraocular pressure" in combined Title, Abstract and Keywords field. Results: The Indian publications output in glaucoma research consisted of 1078 papers during 2002-11, which increased from 61 papers in 2002 to 207 papers in 2011, witnessing an annual average growth rate of 18.29%. The average citation impact per paper registered by Indian publications in glaucoma research was 3.03 during 2002-11, which decreased from 3.87 during 2002-06 to 2.49 during 2007-11. The international collaborative share of India in overall glaucoma research was 21.06% during 2002-11, which increased from 17.92% during 2002-06 to 23.09% during 2007-11. Conclusions: The glaucoma's irreversibility, lacking of glaucoma specialists and patients unawareness demand for an economic and effective glaucoma diagnosis system for screening. Disease control and elimination require an adequately trained functional workforce with an enabling infrastructure and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The historiography of education in South Asia has been held back by a semantic focus on institutions and policy. This article aims to widen the definition of ‘education’ by examining the transition pre-colonial forms of learning underwent during the period of state formation in early modern India. It explores particular communities of learning which straddled the Mughal and early British periods, the educational economy of pen and paper, and the role subordinate pensmen played in supporting both the late Mughal and early East India Company's empires in their agrarian reach into the Indian economy. Lowly, clerical castes served as pillars for the Company in enacting revenue settlements as they had under a wider Mughal political culture. The importance of the skills of paper management and accountancy were accelerated by British interests and provided the seeds for the emergence of not only the structures of north Indian education, but also some of the mid-nineteenth century colonial state's own forms of modern state organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Menstrual health has reaped much attention with a swift increase in the related literature. This study intended to map the knowledge landscape of menstrual health research in India using a scientometric and information visualization approach. The scientometric analysis of Scopus data on parameters like publication output, publication share, growth rate, prolific authors, authorship pattern, scientific fields, citation analysis, international collaboration, etc., has been conducted. 52257 publications were produced globally during the study period, with 2668 papers from India. The majority of these research output is collaborative and multi-authored. America is the most productive country and India's top collaborative associate in menstrual studies. All India Institute of Medical Sciences and Clinical and Diagnostic Research journal is the most efficient institute and journal. Moreover, menstrual health, menstrual cycle and menstrual hygiene, menstrual syndrome, and studies on the function of hormones in menstruation were diagnosed as the mainstream topics in the fields of menstrual health. The study's findings will offer proof of the current status and trends in menstrual health. They will assist researchers and policymakers in understanding the panorama of menstrual health and expecting the dynamic research guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years Outcome Based Education (OBE) has become the focal point in the Indian Higher education system. The National accrediting agency, such as NBAand NAAC expresses the significance of assessing the program outcomes. This paper discusses assessing program outcomes through students' cocurricular activities such as paper and project presentations and internships/industrial projects. The proposed method gives an in-view of the rubricsbased measurement of program outcomes PO1-PO12, PSO1&2 mapped with students' co-curricular activities. The outcome-based assessment of program outcomes will be beneficial in advancing higher education in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indian securities markets have undergone significant transformations in the recent past. The paper discusses and documents initiatives taken by the market regulator to expand and deepen the securities markets, including encouraging innovations in financial instruments, improving market efficiency by appropriate and timely regulatory interventions, expanding issuers' base and investors' participation for inclusive growth, ensuring regulatory compliance for fair play of market forces. The study helps investors, intermediaries, and regulators outside India to gain insights into recent developments and opportunities they offer to make the Indian securities market their preferred investment destination. The study concludes with the papers' key findings on "Investor interest and innovative instruments" in the special issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is home to a large number of tribal or Adivasi communities. Particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs) are one among them. The Indian state initiated several development programs in its affirmative action to benefit PVTGs. However, these initiatives have shown some effects on the ground, still a long way to go. After globalization, a lot of studies claim and argue that the state is slowly withdrawing from its agenda and encouraging multinational companies or corporations (MNCs) to take its role. The MNCs have started their operations by extracting resources without helping Adivasi communities. It led to large-scale protests by the tribal people and civil society organizations. The paper critically discusses development initiatives of the post-independent state to ameliorate the conditions of the PVTGs as part of their affirmative action policies. Furthermore, the paper draws inferences from secondary data sources collected from published and unpublished sources, documents, reports, and online sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to gain insight into managers' perspectives on the concept and practice of workers' participation in management (WPM) in Indian organizations. WPM is a critical ingredient in organizational effectiveness. However, the most fundamental aspects of WPM, such as the attitudes, expectations of managers and the factors facilitating or hindering the participation process, are less explored. This paper attempts to answer those questions concerning WPM in the context of Indian organizations. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses data from 138 managers of Indian public and private sector organizations. Data were collected through an online survey as well as through semi-structured interviews. The study explores potential benefits, roadblocks and supporters from the managers' perspective. Further, to test the hypothesis, the author used multiple regression analysis. Findings: The paper demonstrates managers' perception of workers' participation at the board level as the most beneficial and supportive compared to joint consultation and joint decision-making; however, at the same time, it is the one having the most roadblocks in the present Indian Labour laws. Workers, unions and managers' lack of legislative support and intention fuel the fire. The study also found that implementation of WPM is primarily based on statutory norms, and public sector managers are more willing to take the workers on board than managers of private sector organizations. Practical implications: This research is of practical significance as it extracts new visions for policymakers in India already planning to implement four new labor codes, namely, wages, industrial relations, social security and occupational safety, health and working conditions. The data from the study will facilitate the Indian labor ministry to lay down policy decisions concerning WPM. Further, the government can acclimatize this analysis to plug the ambiguities in the present WPM system. Originality/value: To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study to give insights into the manager's perspective regarding the WPM using a scenario-based approach. In addition, this paper offers valuable suggestions for policymakers to restructure and streamline the country's existing and overlapping labor laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forecasting of load is essential for operating power systems. India recently witnessed one of the worst power crisis with the highest ever power demand of 207 GW on April 29, 2022. The demand in the month of May and June 2022 was estimated to reach 215 GW. The peak demand this year 2023, according to the electricity ministry, is predicted to be around 230 GW from April to June. The inability to meet certain fundamental issues as power can take a toll on any country's economy. Proper prediction helps in proper decision making and planning. The main objective of this paper is to predict day ahead electrical load demand for Assam. Statistical and Machine Learning Algorithms has been studied. The study has been carried out using real-time data for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the different hyper parameters of the deep learning models and their effect is seen on the learning efficiency. A novel stacked forecasting model is proposed using neural networks as base learners and CatBoost as the meta-learner. The performance of the proposed model has been evaluated and compared with individual models in terms of training time and accuracy using different error metrics namely MAE, MSE, RMSE, MAPE and R2 score. A comparison of the proposed prediction model with the prediction models available in literature has been presented. The conclusion states that both the statistical and machine learning algorithms used in this study act as useful tools for daily load forecasting with considerable accuracy; yet machine learning algorithm outperforms the statistical methods. The entire work has been done in Google Colaboratory using Python as the programming language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elections are a critical aspect of democratic governance, providing citizens with the power and right to express their views. A secure voting system with innovative features can improve this process. Blockchain technology is considered a disruptive innovation, and its potential for enhancing the evoting system is significant. The modern voting system is focusing more on blockchain technology to strengthen and secure the process. Blockchain is a reliable, decentralized database that can offer increased security compared to electronic voting machines (EVMs). This research paper presents a detailed study of the design, smart contracts, evaluation of action, and survey on the acceptance of blockchain-based e-voting systems. It examines the requirements for such a system and provides an understanding of the model. As the acceptance of information technology-based services and products increases, future innovation in the e-voting system may depend on blockchain technology. The survey conducted in this paper explores the differences in opinion based on gender, age, and profession among eligible voters from India regarding the acceptance of blockchain technology-based secure e-voting systems. The analysis of these differences sheds light on the potential for blockchain-based e-voting systems to enhance trust and security in the voting process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tropospheric systems are widely used by military forces as they provide long-distance, real-time communication. Slow-fading propagation loss reduces link availability and limits its data-carrying capacity. Beam pointing dynamics provides knowledge of favorable heights at different times of the day in different seasons and a useful steering range. Beam steering, based on the beam pointing dynamics of the link, can overcome slow fading. The main contributions of this paper are the derivation of a realistic and accurate tropospheric channel model obtained by making important modifications to Dinc's ray-based model. This paper also presents a method for determining beam pointing dynamics using the modified model. Beam pointing dynamics for two different links located in India have been determined in this paper using real-world data obtained from the Indian Meteorological Department. Another significant contribution of the paper is presenting the prospect of dual data streaming on tropospheric links using a fixed beam and a dynamically steered beam, based on the examination of beam pointing dynamics obtained for the two links. The main result presented in this paper is the comparison of powers received from the most favorable heights in a steerable beam system with the powers received in conventional fixed-beam systems for different days of the year. It has been shown that a higher received power can be achieved with beam steering. Another important result shown is the comparison of the achievable data rates for a single fixed-beam system and a dual-beam (one fixed beam and one dynamically steered beam) system. It has been shown that almost double the data rate is achievable in a dual-beam system. The method for the determination of beam pointing dynamics and the possibility of dual data streaming presented in this paper can significantly enhance the availability and capacity of tropospheric links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyses India's performance in science and technology (S&T), using publications data and different quantitative and qualitative measures. Its focuses on India's global publication share, growth rate, citation quality, international collaborative publications share, its publication share and distribution in various broad and narrow subjects using 15 years data from the Scopus international multidisciplinary database. The study suggests the need to increase the pace of Indian scientific research and also improve its quality compared with other developed and developing countries. It also suggests the need for India to build up its scientific capacity, competence and knowledge base to help bridging the scientific and technological gap with leading countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To perform an analysis of ophthalmic literature published by the Indian journal of ophthalmology (IJO) between 2005 and 2017 using scientometric techniques.Methods: The bibliographic records of all the literature published in the study period were collected from PubMed and exported as XML into Microsoft access for scientometric analysis. Subspecialty wise distribution across time, type of articles published (original articles, case reports, review articles, editorials, and letter to editor), reference analysis, author productivity analysis and citation analysis were performed as per well-established scientometric methodology.Results: A total of 2,633 papers were published in the IJO during the study period. Articles related to vitreoretinal diseases contributed 23% of all the articles published (n = 598) followed by corneal diseases (n = 313, 12%), and cataract (n = 293, 11%). There were equal numbers of case reports (n = 894, 34%) and original articles (n = 862, 33%) though case reports reduced over time. A total of 5490 unique authors from 64 countries published in the IJO with majority authors (63%) from India. Less than 80% of articles published in the IJO were cited (n = 2051, 78%) by 24,592 articles with retina-related papers contributing 20% of all citations. Original articles had three times more likelihood of being cited compared to case reports.Conclusion: The: IJO showed a steady increase in the number of publications from year to year. Papers from the vitreoretinal domain were the commonest and were cited most often. Original articles and case reports contributed equally to the published content though the former were cited much more frequently than the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India has emerged as the number 1 consumer for gold, globally. India is heavily dependent on gold imports to meet its demand. The New Economic Policy 1991 and globalization have increased the risks of buying gold due to increased volatility in prices. The government of India introduced gold option futures with the aim that option futures on gold will be fundamentally used for hedging the risks associated with gold price changes. But there is a question whether that gold option contracts are effective in hedging price. The paper tries to answer this question. The paper aims to find the hedging efficiency of gold option contracts in Multi Commodity Exchange (MCX). The paper uses Simple linear regressions (OLS model) for testing hedging efficiency. The paper found that there is significant relationship between the spot prices and gold option prices and the R2 shows that there is a hedging efficiency of 88%. The result of this paper shows the attractiveness of the gold derivative markets as a platform for hedging price risks. The paper also see that there should be adequate awareness needed for the major stakeholders in realising the major benefits of option contracts, there by using the exchange traded platforms and derivative instruments to its full potential [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the research output of India compared to Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries in publishing pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics research papers. Topics discussed include information on the second position of India in terms of publishing research papers in science and engineering; and the efforts for developing innovation based research, establishing science parks and bolstering training of technology transfer by the BRICS countries.

The article discusses a study which examined how farmers viewed the use of treated paper mill effluent for irrigation in Tamil Nadu, India using a well-structured interview. The study revealed that about 54% of respondents considered the effluent was appropriate for sugarcane cultivation. It was noted that most water intensive industries have applied treated effluent irrigation technology to the disposal of wastewater. Factors linked to such perception are cited including farmers' characteristics such as educational status and mass media exposure.

This paper aims to examine research practice and performance on the electronics resources in India during the year 2011 to 2020 on different parameters namely yearly research growth, relative growth rate and doubling time, forms of research, most prolific authors and Institutions, Collaborative country, degree of collaboration, and funding agency etc. The data of the current research paper about electronic resources indexed in the Scopus database have been retrieved. The records with topic search (includes Title, Abstract, Keywords and Keywords Plus) "Electronic resources" were extracted. MS Excel and VOS viewer have analyzed these data. The search result shows that a total of 1482 papers have indexed in the Scopus database during 2011-2020. The study reveals that numerous research papers have been published on electronic resources in India. 2019 is the leading (288 papers) producer of research papers," Library Philosophy and Practice" is the leading (64 papers) source of publications, Bhat, N.A, Jha, M.K and Thanuskodi, S are the prolific authors, the United States is the highest (78 Papers) collaborated country and degree of collaboration (DC) = 0.92, "Department of Science and Technology, Government of Kerala" is the highest (13 papers) funding agency for the topic electronic resources research in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Part I. Lists various abstracts of research papers related to pharmacology presented during the XXXVI Annual Conference of the Indian Pharmacological Society held on December 5 to 7, 2003 in New Delhi. Title of paper; Research author; Affiliation; E-mail address; Objectives; Methods; Results; Conclusions; Possible anorectic case effect of methanol extract of Benincasa hispida by Kumar A.; Study of ulcerogenic potential of methylene blue by Shah H.; Role of potassium channel agonist and antagonist in ouabain induced arrhythmias by Dhasmana D.C.

The Indian government made Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) mandatory in 2013 by amending the Companies Act, complicating research studies on the topic. This paper is a bibliometric analysis of recent trends in research on CSR in India. VOSViewer is employed to visualize networks such as keyword co-occurrences and author collaborations. With the help of BibExcel, other aspects of bibliometric analysis are carried out. Based on an analysis of 685 papers/retrieved articles from Scopus, the study finds that a company's financial performance has become central to CSR orientation in recent years. Co-occurring keywords suggest that sustainability issue is becoming important and that CSR fosters a positive brand image of companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the airway pressure for infants with meconium aspiration syndrome which includes mechanical ventilation and medical care .

Background The implementation of comprehensive smoke-free laws has been associated with reductions in second-hand smoke exposure at home in several high income countries. There is little information on whether these benefits extend to low income and middle income countries with a growing tobacco-related disease burden such as India. Methods State and individual-level analysis of cross-sectional data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India, 2009/2010. Associations between working in a smoke-free indoor environment and living in a smoke-free home were examined using correlation at the state level, and multivariate logistic regression at the individual level. Results The percentage of respondents employed indoors (outside the home) working in smoke-free environments who lived in a smoke-free home was 64.0% compared with 41.7% of those who worked where smoking occurred. Indian states with higher proportions of smoke-free workplaces had higher proportions of smoke-free homes (rs=0.54, p<0.005). In the individual-level analysis, working in a smoke-free workplace was associated with a significantly higher likelihood of living in a smoke-free home (adjusted OR=2.07; 95% CI 1.64 to 2.52) after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusions Implementation of smoke-free legislation in India was associated with a higher proportion of adults reporting a smoke-free home. These findings further strengthen the case for accelerated implementation of Article 8 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in low and middle income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article looks at contestations over space in peri-urban India. It studies the acrimonious responses in defense of a local marketplace that occupied public land against the sovereign project of highway expansion in peri-urban West Bengal. It posits an opposition between two aspects of state governance-rational-legal and magical-that shape the contentions. In the rational-legal mode, the expansion of the highways represents the official development goals of progress. The magical aspects of the state engender the circulation of officially approved illegal chits that give occupying migrant villagers' claim to the space around the highway. The ethnography looks at the affective economy of illegal chits that political parties and local bureaucracies use to bring migrating villagers within their ambit. It explores how illegal chits embody the state's legible presence in the villagers' everyday lives, their kinnetworks, communities and transform individual affective orientations toward space. In these new modes of simultaneous 'space' and 'place' making, public land is understood less as commons, but more as a stretch that could be divided among individuals and households aspiring to be 'developed' or upwardly mobile by excluding others. The essay contends that emergence of the 'right to the city' as a collective right requires a double-edged critique. A simple celebration of the subversive potential of the magical aspect of the state vis-à-vis its rational-legal mode may not be helpful for a politics of value that seeks to challenge the idea of value (or what makes life worth living) embedded in the wider neoliberal development discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is our pleasure to present this special issue of Heat Transfer Engineering with a selection of papers presented at the 20th National and 9th ISHMT-ASME Heat and Mass Transfer Conference, held January 4–6, 2010 in Mumbai, India. The conference was jointly sponsored by the Indian Society of Heat and Mass Transfer (ISHMT) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and was held at the auditorium of the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd., at Anushakthi Nagar, Mumbai, India. The conference local organizer was Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are over 63 million MSMEs (micro, small, and medium enterprises) in India, and most of them depend on loans to sustain and grow. This paper identifies the key determinants of timely repayment of loans by MSMEs by examining data obtained from a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) based in South India focused on lending to micro businesses. I find that backward caste-owned businesses have repaid their loans slightly better than general caste-owned businesses. Furthermore, default rates increased as a consequence of COVID-19. Even in the Post Covid analysis, backward caste-owned businesses have repaid their loans better. Even while estimating the loan outcomes in relative terms, I find that the effect continues to be of economic significance. A positive selection of lower caste borrowers cannot explain these results. This finding is important. While approval of loans might still suffer from biases against backward castes, this paper shows that purely based on on-time repayment track record; lenders would do well to lend to backward caste-owned businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper developed a theoretical and research framework by identifying the behavioral biases in investment decision and by presenting a review of the available literature in the field of behavior finance-related biases. This paper aims to present a compressive review of the literature available in the public domain in past five decades on behavior finance and biases and its role in investment decision-making process. It also covers insights on the subject for developing a deeper understating of the behavior of investor and related biases. Design/methodology/approach: The work follows the comprehensive literature review approach to review the available literatures. The review carried out on different parameters such as year of publication, journal of publication, country, type of research, data type, statistical technique used and biases identified. This is a funnel approach to decrease the number of behavior biases up to six for further research. Findings: Most of the existing works have summarized behavior finance as an emerging area in finance. This indicates the limited valuable research in developing economy in this area. This literature review helps in identifying major research gap in this domain. It helps in identifying the behavior biases which work dominantly in investment decision-making. It would be interesting to explore the area of behavior biases and their impact on investment decision of individual investors in India. Originality/value: This paper worked on literature prevailing on the subject and available on various online research data source and search engines. It covers a long time frame of almost five decades (1970-2015). This paper is an attempt to look at the impact of behavior finance and biases and its role in investment decision-making process of the investor behavior. This study builds up a strong theoretical framework for researchers and academicians by detailed demonstration of available literature on behavior biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aimed to investigate, analyze and visualize the scientific output of global virology research by examining the collaborative pattern and co-authorship network. A total of 80220 records were extracted from the web of science database after searching 'Virology' as a research area. Multi-authored papers are more than single-authored papers with 85% of the whole. The degree of collaboration was 0.994 in the field of Virology. Wang Y is the most active author with 429 papers, 5621 total citations, and 37 h-index. To understand the trend of evolution pattern and proximity of efficiency, we investigate a co-authorship network of a relatively new and emerging academic field. The approach and potential applications of co-authorship network analysis in virology research are discussed in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forecasts the continued growth in pulp and paper industry in India. Increase in the number of paper machine projects, expansions and conversions; Investment of Ballapur Industries in a new uncoated freesheet machine; Reconstruction of two coated duple paper machines by Khanna Paper Mills.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to an article related to ranking of India's top institutions on the basis of number of research papers in the Scopus citation database over the past five years in a 2015 issue.

Learning is an innate and natural process of exploration that children engage in from birth. 2-5 year olds are the most capable learners who require a quality early childhood educational setting. Recent research in the field of neuroscience, particularly on the brain, has provided convincing evidence of the 'critical periods' located within these early years for the forming of synaptic connections in the brain and for the full development of the brain's potential. Research has also indicated that if these early years are not supported by or embedded in a stimulating and enriching physical and psychosocial environment, the chances of the child's brain developing to its full potential are considerably, and often irreversibly, reduced. This stage in life is also important as a foundation for the inculcation of social values and personal habits, which are known to last a lifetime. Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) drive its importance from this rationale. Against this rationale, it can be said that the need of the hour today in India is an enriched cost effective learner centric model of early learning environment to motivate children and prepare them for formal school readiness and also motivate parents to keep their children at early learning centres. In India, early childhood educational setting falls in a dual track mode, where the ICDS is a public sponsored initiative which caters to the disadvantaged group and private initiatives targeted for the higher socio-economic families. India does not have a regulatory body to evaluate the early learning centres, to develop curriculum and to assess children. This scenario has led to many other problems such as, children not being school ready, dropping out of school, variation in the cognitive and academic development between the same age group. In the present day set-up, children attend preschool or a kindergarten before schooling and it has become an integral part of the education system. As there are no regulatory body in assessing the early learning centres, the early learning centres are being started in garages and other inappropriate settings, with limited spaces for children. This concept paper highlights the need for designing need based quality early learning centres which are welcoming, vibrant and flexible, responsive to children and their changing needs, interests and abilities. This would in turn foster holistic development of the child and ensure formal school readiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper foregrounds the work of the labourer in infrastructural projects. It draws upon over 6 years of ethnographic study with road construction labourers in the upper Himalayas positioning them as subaltern subjects within discourses of national development. While the subaltern studies project of the 1980s emphasized the 'writing back into history' of the non-elite, primarily peasants, tribal populations and women who too contributed to the imagination of the nation; at the contemporary moment where infrastructure defines national development we need to revisit the subaltern project to draw attention to the forgotten labourers who literally construct the nation and its infrastructure. After arguing for recognition of the labour as intrinsic to infrastructural and national constructions, I discuss possibilities for a dialogic engagement with the subaltern. Pushing the debates within subaltern geographies on the politics of representation, I argue that perhaps the way forward is not about giving voice but about making space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We assessed knowledge, attitudes, practice, and perceptions about COVID-19 among a convenience sample of the general public in India anticipating the second wave of the pandemic. Methods: This questionnaire-based survey was conducted among the general population quarantined at various institutional quarantine facilities in the city of Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. The self-designed questionnaire comprised 25 questions regarding knowledge, eight for attitude, and ten for practice. Knowledge questions were responded to on a Yes/No basis with an additional ‘don’t know’ option. The true answer was given 1 point and false/I don’t know answers were given 0 point. Results: The majority of the participants were aware of COVID-19 (97.9%) and did not either wash or knew how to properly dispose of the used mask (88.02%). Only 10.96% of the participants agreed that they verify the social media posts shared over WhatsApp and Facebook on government authentic websites before sharing them with family and friends. Conclusion: Awareness about the virus, modes of spread, good practice, and an optimistic attitude is the prime requisite to curb the spread and to avoid the impending severity anticipating the second wave of the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study focused on the research publications of women faculty in the field of physics, Astrophysics, Astronomy and Atmospheric Science in India. To collect the data we have covered the women faculty of Central Universities, State Universities, IITs, NITs, IISER's, NISER's, research institutes, laboratories and some selected deemed universities. The first fact we found was that the number of women were very less as compare to male staff. To see the publication productivity of women authors we tried to analyze the year-wise productivity, authorship pattern, preferred journals, place and designation and the research papers received highest citations for the period of five years from 2011- 2015. Year 2014 found to be the most productive year and in authorship pattern, women authors preferred to publish their research in collaboration. Highest number of research papers was published in Journal of Applied Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Air Quality Index (AQI) in India is steadily deteriorating, leading to a rise in the mortality rate due to Lung Cancer. This decline in air quality can be attributed to various factors such as PM 2.5, PM 10, and Ozone (O3). To establish a relationship between AQI and Lung Cancer, several predictive models including Linear Regression, KNN, Decision Tree, ANN, Random Forest Regression, and XGBoost Regression were employed to estimate pollutant levels and Air Quality Index in India. The models relied on publicly available state-wise Air Pollution Dataset. Among all the models, the XGBoost Regression displayed the highest accuracy, with pollutant level estimations reaching an accuracy range of 81% to 98% during training and testing. The second-highest accuracy range was achieved by Random Forest. The paper also explores the impact of increasing pollution levels on the rising mortality rate among lung cancer patients in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]