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The purpose of the paper was to study the tourism in the Danube Delta and to evaluate the impact of the hostilities in Ukraine on tourist flows and other aspects. The study was carried out between February 15 and March 15 2024, by applying a questionnaire with 6 questions, on site and during the Romanian Tourism Fair (February 15-18). The questions in the questionnaire addressed how the tourism structures in the Danube Delta have been affected by the hostilities in the neighborhood and whether they were helped by the central and local public authorities. Representatives of 178 accommodation units, totaling 3,080 accommodation places, as well as representatives of some public institutions and NGOs answered the questionnaire. It was tried to find out exact data from all areas of the Danube Delta, so the authors went to the representative localities from a tourist point of view: C.A. Rosetti, Letea, Periprava, Chilia Veche, Crisan, Mila 23, Jurilovca, Maliuc, Murighiol, Sfântu Gheorghe and Sulina. The conclusions pointed out a deep decline in the number of tourists in the Danube Delta in the year 2023, by 42% compared to 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The trend of incorporating culture and heritage into various aspects of tourism, such as film-related tourism, is gaining momentum. In addition to the film-related attractions, film-related tourism can encourage tourists' engagement with cultural heritage tourism and consumption of heritage products at the destination. Examining the case of Hengdian World Studios (China), the world's largest outdoor film studio and film shooting base, this paper discusses how cultural heritage tourism is induced at a film-related tourism destination as well as how the tourism destination represents authenticity and how tourists perceive such representations. Hengdian World Studios simulates several real heritage sites in different areas of China for screen media productions as well as for tourist consumption. This paper examines the concepts of 'staged authenticity' (MacCannell [1973]. Staged authenticity: Arrangements of social space in tourist settings. American Journal of Sociology, 79(3), 589–603. ) and 'existential authenticity' (Wang [1999]. Rethinking authenticity in tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 349–370. ) in the context of tourism studies to understand cultural heritage tourism at film-related tourism sites. The discussion is based on research undertaken at Hengdian World Studios between 2018 and 2023 drawing on ethnographic methods and online interviews with 50 tourists. This paper contributes to the understanding of authenticity issues in tourism studies from different perspectives and the interconnections between film-related tourism and cultural heritage tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper argues for the renewed relevance of time geography in tourism in light of the use of mobile technologies and ubiquitous connectivity. The paper proposes the concept of phygitality to understand how digital technologies are used in physical space, and how the interaction between the physical and the digital reconfigures tourists' projects, paths, bundles, and constraints. The theoretical contribution builds on fifteen semi-structured interviews. The analysis shows that capability, coupling, and authority constraints are altered and mediated by digital devices. In the phygital time-space, tourists orient themselves in physical spaces, influenced by digital information; they create phygital paths and move between stations that result from the overlaying of digital information onto the physical space. Tourists' goal-oriented mobility results in phygital projects, where logics of efficiency and optimization reduce the liminality of the tourist experience. Tourists' bundles are created within and outside the physical vacation prism through digital communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper explores the way in which industrial pollution has been expressed in the narrative accounts of nature, landscape and industry by William Gilpin in his 18th-century picturesque travel writings. A positive description of pollution is generally outdated and unacceptable in the current society. The authors contrast his "picturesque" view with the contemporary perception of industrial pollution, reflect on these early accounts of industrial impacts as representing the roots of impression management and use the analysis to inform current accounting. Design/methodology/approach: The research uses an interpretive content analysis of the text to draw out themes and features of impression management. Goffman's impression management is the theoretical lens through which Gilpin's travel accounts are interpreted, considering this microhistory through a thematic research approach. The picturesque accounts are explored with reference to the context of impression management. Findings: Gilpin's travel writings and the "Picturesque" aesthetic movement, it appears, constructed a social reality around negative industrial externalities such as air pollution and indeed around humans' impact on nature, through a lens which described pollution as adding aesthetically to the natural landscape. The lens through which the picturesque tourist viewed and expressed negative externalities involved quite literally the tourists' tricks of the trade, Claude glass, called also Gray's glass, a tinted lens to frame the view. Originality/value: The paper adds to the wealth of literature in accounting and business pertaining to the ways in which companies socially construct reality through their accounts and links closely to the impression management literature in accounting. There is also a body of literature relating to the use of images and photographs in published corporate reports, which again is linked to impression management as well as to a growing literature exploring the potential for the aesthetic influence in accounting and corporate communication. Further, this paper contributes to the growing body of research into the historical roots of environmental reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on an existing debate regarding the conservation of living heritage, this paper delves into the dissonance and contestation that emerges during the aesthetic treatment of religious wall paintings. The Cypriot UNESCO painted churches open a window for the examination of how policy makers, clergy and visitors negotiate the materiality of religion. This multi-method qualitative comparative case study aims to understand how the 'material-focused' Authorised Heritage Discourse retains its hegemony during the conservation of living heritage and how AHD-led practices ('preserve as found' strategy) impact visitors' perceived authenticity and experience. The findings demonstrate that over the years, a centralised decision-making system has been maintained in Cyprus that limits polyvocality, perpetuating AHD-led practices. However, evidence of reconciliation between AHD and living tradition was found, challenging the current assumption that considers anti-restoration (objective authenticity) and living religious tradition as antithetic practices. Interviews showcased that for most social agents, deliberate damage, patina, and graffiti triggered an immersive and highly reflective experience while the prospect of restoration provoked 'pre-nostalgia,' a self-awareness that restoration may result in significant cultural loss. The paper concludes that, in future conservation and interpretation strategies, 'evidence of time' should be considered a salient quality of 'heritaged' churches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: This study underscores the accelerated integration of technological solutions within the tourism industry post-pandemic, highlighting the service sector's heightened openness to digital advancements. Authors stress the need for tourism companies to invest in digital technologies and resilient innovation for sustainable Industry 4.0, considering social impact. This research is the perception of the importance of digitalization tools application to tourism sphere especially in the post-pandemic period. Design/methodology/approach: Focusing on Central European travelers, a survey of 553 individuals was conducted to gauge perceptions regarding the importance of digital technologies in tourism. Significantly, gender disparities in touchless technology usage were observed, with women exhibiting less interest compared to men. Moreover, variations in the evaluation of specific technological tools within tourism services indicate diverse preferences among respondents. Findings: What was found in the course of the work? This will refer to analysis, discussion, or results. Research limitations/implications: While the study contributes valuable insights, its limitations, such as generalization and sample size constraints should be acknowledged. Practical implications: The paper delves into the practical implications of these findings for travel agencies, contributing to a broader theoretical understanding of how digital innovations can enrich the travel experience. From a practical perspective, the research encourages prioritizing the development of tourism technologies and investing in advanced capabilities, especially those related to artificial intelligence (AI). Originality/value: The empirical analysis provides valuable insights into the relationship between demographic factors and technology acceptance in the tourism industry. Understanding these dynamics can be incredibly beneficial for businesses and policymakers aiming to improve the adoption and integration of digital technologies in tourism. This knowledge enables not only enhancing travel safety, efficiency, and engagement for travelers but also informs strategic decisions regarding the development of the tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to propose a prediction method based on Deep Learning (DL) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology, focusing on the ecological security and tourist satisfaction of Ice-and-Snow Tourism (IST) to solve practical problems in this field. Accurate predictions of ecological security and tourist satisfaction in IST have been achieved by collecting and analyzing environment and tourist behavior data and combining with DL models, such as convolutional and recurrent neural networks. The experimental results show that the proposed method has significant advantages in performance indicators, such as accuracy, F1 score, Mean Squared Error (MSE), and correlation coefficient. Compared to other similar methods, the method proposed improves accuracy by 3.2%, F1 score by 0.03, MSE by 0.006, and correlation coefficient by 0.06. These results emphasize the important role of combining DL with IoT technology in predicting ecological security and tourist satisfaction in IST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high-quality development of tourism aims to improve tourists’ sense of well-being and fulfillment. The improvement of tourists’ sense of well-being will not only enable tourists to obtain positive emotional experiences but is also an important way to improve their quality of life. However, the existing research has not yet reached a clear conclusion on how tourists’ sense of well-being is formed, whether tourists’ sense of well-being will spill over (i.e., knowledge sharing) after tourists obtain it, and whether the destination familiarity brought by the spillover of sense of well-being (i.e., knowledge sharing) will affect other tourists. Therefore, based on the experience marketing theory and the embodiment theory, this paper empirically examines the formation and spillover effect of tourists’ sense of well-being through structural equation modeling (SEM). The research shows that: (a) Subject presence has a positive effect on tourists’ sense of well-being, which further promotes knowledge sharing and realizes the spillover of tourists’ sense of well-being, and tourists’ sense of well-being plays a mediating role between subject presence and knowledge sharing; (b) Destination familiarity resulting from the spillover of sense of wellbeing (i.e., knowledge sharing) plays a negative moderating role in the positive impact of subject presence on tourists’ sense of well-being. This paper not only expands the boundaries of research on tourists’ sense of well-being and embodiment theory to some extent but also provides theoretical support and countermeasures for the high-quality development of China’s tourism and even service industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how tourist behaviour is conditioned by the COVID-19 pandemic, developing a theoretical framework that considers not only traditional variables such as image, satisfaction, and variety seeking, but also the risks perceived during a pandemic to better explain loyalty towards a tourist destination. Moreover, the paper explores whether the effects of these variables differ in loyalty formation if people who consider visiting a destination in their country again are compared to people who contemplate travelling again to an international destination. Empirical evidence from a survey sample comprising more than 1000 Spanish tourists shows that pandemic-related risks differently influence the tourist loyalty dimensions intention to revisit and recommend both a national destination (441 respondents) and an international destination (600 respondents). Finally, affective image and satisfaction are the main drivers of loyalty in both subsamples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to provide an insight into research related to Muslim travellers in the past 42 years. Design/methodology/approach: Using 342 articles collected from the Scopus database from 1981 to 2023, this study adopted the Bibliometrix in RStudio package and Biblioshiny Web application to analyse the research on Muslim travellers in two main categories: overview and intellectual structures. Findings: The first publication related to Muslim travellers occurred in 1981 and number of publications remained few in the first three decades. Starting 2015, publications on Muslim travellers experienced a growing development of discussions and publications. Four prominent research clusters were identified: "halal tourism", "hajj", "Islamic tourism" and "tourist post-purchase". Themes within the research on Muslim travellers have evolved from the "pilgrimage" to "Islamic tourism" theme. Then, the "Islamic tourism" theme has been expanded to a variety of topics that were primarily relevant to Muslim tourist behaviour. Themes related to "climate change" and "Syria" have been identified as the niche themes that need further study. Research limitations/implications: Scopus database is regularly updated as the number of papers and journals may increase or decrease from time to time. This may impact on the fluctuation of the theme analysis from the article search at that time. Originality/value: This study reviews publications related to Muslim travellers over the past four decades. Accordingly, it can aid interested researchers and stakeholders in gaining a more thorough understanding of Muslim traveller research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is necessary for national parks to exert multiple forms of influence. One innovative function of national parks is leisure and recreation. By optimizing the recreation function, national parks can enhance public participation and tourists' willingness to pay to achieve sustainable development. This paper surveys 435 tourists in Wuyishan National Park with a discrete choice experiment, applies mixed logit models to explore their preferences for recreational attributes from three dimensions and analyzes the heterogeneity. The findings indicate that attributes such as the number of concession activities, transportation variety, the density of recreational facilities, biodiversity, sightseeing zone and combined ticket fee significantly impact tourists' willingness to pay. Higher-educated, younger and willing-to-revisit tourists are more likely to pay for the park and hope to optimize the facilities and activities. The estimated recreational value of the park is RMB 164.51 (about USD 22.75) per person. Here, heterogeneity exist: higher-educated tourists ask for lager sightseeing zone, younger ones prefer more diverse activities and those who are willing to revisit incline to variety means of transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for more sustainable tourism has long been recognised, and the COVID-19 pandemic precipitated renewed calls for large-scale and rapid transformation of the sector. Attractive as such calls were, implementing aspirations for more sustainable futures requires significant 'buy-in' from the demand side. Yet, substantive evidence of tourists desiring more sustainable futures was lacking. This paper aims to address this empirical deficit and to critically reflect on early pandemic rhetoric calling for transformative change. It reports on the results from a panel survey conducted with visitors to Northern Devon—a UK destination with a long-standing commitment to sustainable development—who stayed overnight in the region during Coronavirus restrictions. Of three possible trajectories for tourism development, the majority of respondents preferred a sustainable future. However, just under a quarter preferred a scenario associated with further growth in tourism, and this trajectory was perceived as the most likely to occur. Using a case-study approach, the paper critiques emergent discourse around sustainability transitions in tourism, highlighting a supply-side emphasis in extant analysis and the need for closer examination of tourist preferences for transitional pathways. If conceptual architectures from Transitions Studies are to support the implementation of sustainability transitions in tourism, both the Multi-Level Perspective and the Transitions Management approach must consider tourists' perspectives on destination change more carefully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the risk of crime and perceptions of safety have been regularly addressed by criminologists, this has rarely extended to asking how those considering or taking vacations perceive their security. In contrast, tourism researchers regularly focus on perceptions of safety but define this more broadly to include, inter alia, safety from health risks and natural disasters. This paper melds the two disciplines by considering which destinations US residents perceived as unsafe, focusing on risks from crime, political unrest or terrorism, and health concerns. The research used a crowdsourcing platform to collect citizens' perceptions of safety with regard to crime, terrorism/political disorder, and health problems at the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings suggest that health problems were seen as the greatest risk, but not excessively so. Mexico and China were seen as the most risky countries to visit, although US residents also considered the USA a relatively dangerous place to spend a vacation. Variations in perceptions of safety between subgroups of respondents were greatest for health problems and least for crime, suggesting that fear of crime is associated with features of everyday life that are less relevant to tourism destinations. The paper concludes by discussing the relevance of the findings for both the tourism sector and criminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although cross-cultural interactions and cultural bubbles have been researched extensively in tourism, these issues have often been viewed one-sidedly. More precisely, in contemporary literature, cultural bubbles are mostly considered one-sided biases that prevent tourists from fully enjoying the culture of their hosts. Besides that, it is important to bear in mind that a tourist offer itself is also formed from the perspectives of tourism experience designers and tourism managers. Therefore, it is important to consider how the perception of a tourist offer is distorted by looking from inside the bubble of tourist culture. This paper highlights managers' cultural biases in designing tourist experiences, which have often been overlooked in cross-cultural tourism studies. It is crucial to have this discussion now so that the global tourist industry can continue to provide local experiences, as tourism managers and employees in the sector are increasingly interacting with people from diverse cultural contexts. This might be beneficial for the cultural expression of destinations, on the one hand, as well as for providing more valuable experiences for tourists, on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional multiple discrete–continuous (MDC) choice models impose tight linkages between consumers' discrete choice and the continuous consumption decisions due to the use of a single utility parameter driving both the decision to choose and the extent of choice. Recently, Bhat (Trans Res Part B Methodol 110:261–279, 2018) proposed a flexible MDCEV model that employs a utility function with separate parameters to determine the discrete choice and continuous consumption values. However, the flexible MDCEV model assumes an independent and identically distributed (IID) error structure across the discrete and continuous baseline utilities. In this paper, we formulate a flexible non-IID multiple discrete–continuous probit (MDCP) model that employs a multivariate normal stochastic distribution to allow for a more general variance–covariance structure. In doing so, we revisit Bhat (Trans Res Part B: Methodol 109: 238-256, 2018) flexible utility functional form and highlight that the stochastic conditions he used to derive the likelihood function are not always consistent with utility maximization. We offer an alternate interpretation of the model as representing a two-step decision-making process, where the consumers first decide which goods to choose and then decide the extent of allocation to each good. We demonstrate an application of the proposed flexible MDCP model to analyze households' expenditure patterns on their domestic tourism trips in India. Our results indicate that, if the analyst is willing to compromise on the strict utility-maximizing aspect of behavior, while also enriching the behavioral dimension through the relaxation of the tie between the discrete and continuous consumption decisions, the preferred model would be the flexible non-IID MDCP model. On the other hand, if the analyst wants the model to be strictly grounded on utility-maximizing behavior (which may also have benefits by way of welfare measure computations), and is willing to assume a very tight tie between the discrete and continuous consumption decision processes, the preferred model would be the non-IID traditional MDCP model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before COVID-19, visitors from China, were a prime target for the European tourism industries. Yet, their mobility was constrained by the Schengen visa requirement for any trip to a European Union (EU)’s Member States. While the literature on Schengen visa policy has highlighted the repressive practices of street-level bureaucrats processing visa applications abroad, this article seeks to understand how Schengen visa policy is implemented when the objective is to attract potential visitors rather than drive them away. The paper argues that the economic imperative to attract Chinese tourists to Europe is turning local consular cooperation from Schengen into local consular competition. To support this claim and using ethnographic methods as well as a relational approach to implementation, the paper develops the concept of visa marketing to analyse the race to attractiveness between French and Italian consulates based in Beijing, the capital of China. Visa marketing refers to the use of visa procedures (receipt conditions, reliability, processing speed, etc.) by consulates as sales arguments to advertise the destination they represent. In essence, the article presents a case of domestic actors appropriating common visa regimes, engaging in competition to entice foreign consumers to their territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hotel business is one of the main activities of the hospitality industry. Hotel service gives home feeling to the tourists at destination. Hospitality industry will not survive if they don't provide quality services to the tourists. The present paper investigates influence of service quality dimensions of hotel services on the tourists' satisfaction. Total 600 tourists including both domestic and foreign were interviewed and collected data was analysed using SPSS software. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for the purpose of dimension reduction and the influence of identified dimensions of service quality of hotels on tourists' was tested using multiple regression analysis. The study revealed positive influence of identified dimensions of service quality of hotels on the tourists' satisfaction, with coefficient of determination R2 of 74.5%. The study will prove beneficial to the stakeholders in improving their service quality and maintain tourists' satisfaction and tourists' loyalty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines key socio-cultural factors that influence Saudi tourists' decisions to travel abroad. The paper utilises qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with males and females, whose views remain under-researched. It explores how Saudi Arabia's deeply embedded religious and tribal value systems and structures shape tourists' destination choices and travel behaviours. The findings show that social norms and cultures of surveillance, alongside social obligations, act as push factors, decreasing the appeal of domestic tourism. Moreover, data suggest that seeking personal space and freedom, and the ability to engage in norm-breaking practices, are pull factors that make international destinations, especially those with fewer co-nationals, appealing. Practically, the study helps to identify marketing strategies that domestic and international destinations can adopt to target and accommodate Saudi tourists more effectively. Theoretically, the findings help to conceptualise a middle ground between what we call 'extensionist' and 'rejectionist' views of cultural influence and to appreciate the cumulative, intersecting impacts of socio-cultural imperatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: In the era of the Internet, online digital traces have become a new way to study the online attention of scenic spots and tourists’ purchase behavior. The public’s information search on major search platforms is a series of manifestations of potential tourists’ attention and interest in scenic spots, but there are few studies on how attention, interest and information search affect potential tourists to generate real purchase behavior. Method: This paper selects four dimensions of short video platform, travel website, search engine and social media to comprehensively measure the online attention of high-quality scenic spots in Yunnan Province, and then establishes a gray association analytic hierarchy process based on the relevant variables of the AISAS model to empirically analyze the primary and secondary factors affecting tourists’ purchase behavior. Results: (1) From the perspective of the online attention of scenic spots on different platforms, the intensity of the public’s scenic spots online attention on the four types of media platforms is in the order of travel websites, search engines, short videos and social media (2) From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics, the online attention of high-quality scenic spots in Yunnan Province is unevenly distributed, that is, there is a big difference between the attention of higher star scenic spots and their star rating and popularity, while the attention of low-star scenic spots is not much different from their star rating and popularity (3) From the perspective of spatial agglomeration characteristics, the comprehensive online attention of high-quality scenic spots in Yunnan Province presents the spatial agglomeration characteristics of “the multi-core linkage of high-density in the east and north, and sub-high-density in the south” (4) The factors influencing the purchase behavior of potential tourists are sharing experience, attracting attention, generating interest and searching information. Discussion: By exploring the formation mechanism of high-quality scenic spots online attention in Yunnan Province and the mechanism of its spatial differentiation, this study not only enriches the logical chain of “tourism information source → potential tourists → demand driven → tourism information search → travel preference → destination selection → purchase decision → travel experience → real tourists → feelings after traveling → focus on feedback → tourism information source,” but also broadens the application scenarios and application boundaries of travel preference theory and AISAS behavior model to a certain extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the author's personal experiences in Guatemala, this paper outlines some problematic issues in well-intentioned interventions in that country. The distribution of community-oriented projects by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) does not align with either the population distribution nor the needs of the people as indexed by poverty levels. Instead, projects are located in areas with favorable climates that are frequented by tourists. Negative aspects of the interventions may include untoward consequences of microfinance initiatives, lack of collaboration among NGOs, exploitative use of photographs of vulnerable children, and goals inconsistent with those of parents and communities. Both short-term and long-term evaluations are essential to ensure that interventions are benefiting the well-being of individuals and strengthening the social fabric of their communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite much research being conducted within the scope of sustainable tourism, more progress has yet to be made in defining how close or far different countries are from achieving this goal. Consequently, this paper aims to evaluate and compare the commitment of citizens, as tourists, from the 27 member states of the European Union to sustainable tourism. A map of sustainability was developed through the use of machine learning algorithms. A cluster analysis was performed, followed by a sustainable rating. The main findings indicate the existence of three country segments among the European Union member states according to the involvement of its citizens as tourists with sustainable practices: highly committed, moderately committed, and uncommitted. Based on these segments, we proposed a recommendation system that suggests the top-five countries where tourists could exchange sustainable tourism habits based on the idea of contagion or imitation behaviours among individuals across an extensive set of everyday decisions. The results reveal significant variations in sustainable tourism practices across member states, highlighting both challenges and opportunities for harmonisation. By implementing this recommendation system, we facilitate the adoption of sustainable habits among tourists and stakeholders, driving a more unified approach to sustainability in the multiple tourism destinations. This study shows no convergence between the 27 European Union member states regarding sustainable tourism. Therefore, political policies are necessary so that all citizens converge on sustainable tourist habits and the European Union contributes, as a whole, to sustainable tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A shift from memorable to transformative experiences is taking place in the emerging transformation economy. Experiences constitute the essence of the tourism industry. While the literature has recognized the link between sustainability and local food, how local food affects tourists’ perceived sustainability, service experience, satisfaction, and advocacy is little known. This paper contributes to filling this research gap by examining the relationship between local food and sustainability at Spanish destinations within the transformative service theoretical framework. We conducted a questionnaire on 1476 Spanish tourists to show that service experience, perceived sustainability, and local food, are fundamental to any tourist destination strategy. Data reveal that perceived sustainability is a determining factor of tourists’ service experience at the destination, and the perception of local food reinforces perceived sustainability. Moreover, tourists’ service experience significantly and positively affects satisfaction and, consequently, advocacy. The significance of safe experience as an additional dimension of the service experience is also shown. This paper contributes to the transformative service literature in the field of tourism by demonstrating the enhancing role of local food over visitors’ sustainable experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the single group and the single economy have increased rapidly, the growing group of tourists-solo tourists has been neglected by scholars for a long time. This paper takes them as the research object and explores their happiness via travel. Based on the network text data, the paper finds that the formation of solo tourists' well-being can be divided into three stages, which are the anticipation before traveling alone, the experience during travel, and the happiness precipitation after traveling alone. The well-being of ST is a complex concept which includes 8 categories. There are similarities and differences between the happiness of solo tourists and that of ordinary tourists. The pleasure is the same as ordinary tourists' well-being. The sense of escape, meaning of life, and gain are similar and different. The sense of control, reality, freedom, and ease are the unique facts of ST's well-being. The research reveals the formation process of ST's well-being and the richness of their connotations, providing a theoretical basis for stimulating the well-being of the unique group and enriching and expanding the research results of tourism well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preservation and reuse of historical alley spaces infuse these areas with renewed vitality, which holds significant importance for the direction of preservation and restoration efforts in historical districts. This paper focuses on Jinyu Alley in Quanzhou and identifies a study targeting tourists for the protection and reuse of historical alley spaces. Through preliminary research and interviews, a system of evaluation indicators for urban historical alley spaces post-usage was established using a factor analysis, extracting five main components: historical context, neighborhood space, commercial environment, supporting facilities, and operational management. Additionally, a modified importance–performance analysis (IPA) method was employed to conduct a quadrant analysis on tourist satisfaction evaluation indicators. Transformation quadrant distribution maps of various evaluation indicators reveal dissatisfaction among tourists with certain aspects of supporting facilities, the commercial environment, and neighborhood space. Relevant departments should prioritize improvements in dining quality, business variety, neighborhood traffic connections and transformations, neighborhood space form and scale, landscape greening, environmental elements, parking availability, and trash bin density for future enhancements. Finally, based on the results of tourist satisfaction surveys and information gathered from interviews with a minority of residents, a more inclusive and sustainable strategy for the protection and reuse of historical alley spaces is formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tourism Review is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Humour for children has received attention from various academic domains. However, the topic is a less explored area in the field of tourism. Addressing this research gap, the present study aims to firstly, identify the main themes of humour which are discussed in the academic literature about children, and secondly to outline how the identified themes can be applied to children's learning experiences in tourism settings. The study employs content analysis to systematically review 190 relevant publications from multidisciplinary fields sourced from ScienceDirect and Scopus. Five overarching themes were identified across studies of various disciplines: social, parents, play, teachers, and characters. The emerging themes were interpreted through the lens of Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural Theory to develop a conceptual framework for children's learning experiences in tourism contexts. The paper enhances our understanding of the children's literature in the context of tourism by providing both theoretical and practical insights. It specifically focuses on how humour can be utilised to enrich children's learning in the realm of tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent century has witnessed many social, cultural, environmental, globalization, technological, transport development, and commercialization changes in the society. These changes have a profound impact on the growth and nostalgia of religious tourism globally and India is no exception in this context. The Himachal Himalayan religious sites possess attributes that can meet religious tourists' need for nostalgia. In fact, these sites are considered important at the levels of religion, heritage, and culture of tourism worldwide. Despite the popularity of voyages to religious sites and their global importance, there is still a lack of knowledge about the Nostalgia as travel motivation for Religious tourists' visiting in Himachal Himalaya religious sites. Thus, the aims of this research is to understand the motivations of religious tourists by using Nostalgia (push and pull) framework and to examine the relationship between religious tourist motivation and overall satisfaction. In a survey of 278 religious tourists who visited in the Himachal Himalaya religious sites were sampled. Data were analysed by using structural equation modelling (SEM) via AMOS statistical software using the maximum likelihood method. The study postulates that Nostalgia pull motivation of Himachali tourists' affects their overall satisfaction at the religious sites in Himachal Pradesh India and Nostalgia push motivation has a significant positive effect on Himachali tourists' overall satisfaction at the religious sites in Himachal Pradesh India. Furthermore, the results of this research indicated that overall satisfaction of religious tourist can be determined by their push and pull motivations. Finally, the paper concludes with the theoretical contributions and managerial implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Christmas markets in Germany and Austria exhibit historic, mercantile, social and experiential dimensions, entrenching them both as a form of heritage and as visitable sites of society and culture, yet research into tourist perception of sensory and multisensory experiential components of these markets has been highly limited thus far. This paper examines the extent of sensory components experienced in Dresden Strietzelmarkt, Nuremberg Christkindlmarkt (Germany) and Vienna Rathausplatz Christkindlmarkt (Austria), as reported in TripAdvisor reviews. Visitor experience ratings across all three Christmas markets were strongly positive, with internal visitors being more discerning in terms of actual experience. All five sensory components of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch were identified, with sight and taste being most commonly noted. The majority of reviews referred to two or three sensory experiences, and a positive correlation emerged between more complex sensory experience and higher visitor rating. Numerous comments connected experienced sensory characteristics with a sense of a Christmas atmosphere or mood, and perceptions on authenticity were entwined with past perception and expectation. In recognising such multisensory components having ascribed values, we argue they deserve to be correctly identified, documented and managed as forms of intangible heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural heritage tourism illustrated by tourists visiting post-industrial facilities became one of the ways to counteract the negative consequences of declining heavy industry at the end of the twentieth century. The initiation of tourist activity in post-industrial areas has also become an important justification for expenditure on the revitalization of objects that may constitute part of the cultural heritage of such regions. This article discusses the establishment and restructuring of an Industrial Monuments Route in Poland (IMR) as an example of the European thematic routes of industrial heritage tourism. The paper reviews the present re-development of tourist attractions in Upper Silesia based on features of the industrial heritage there, including both movable monuments in the form of machines used in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as well as fixed features such as underground mineshafts and mining galleries, a historic workers' housing estate and a wooden radio station. The suggested refocusing of the IMR is part of the process of conserving the endangered regional identity of the Silesian population for future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of mass tourism, more and more people are attracted by internet-famous site. With people's demand for travel surged, tourists are getting together in one scenic spot with doubling numbers, which easily leads to high concentration of tourists with uncontrollable security risks. It needs to be highly valued by the tourism department. Monitoring and issuing warnings for crowd density in scenic areas with Highly Aggregated Tourist Crowds (HATCs) is an urgent challenge that needs to be addressed. In this paper, Highly Aggregated Tourist Crowds is taken as the research objective, and a VGGT-Count network model is proposed to forecast the density of HATCs. The experimental outcomes demonstrated a substantial improvement in counting accuracy for the ShanghaiTech B and UCF-QNRF datasets. Furthermore, the model allows for real-time monitoring of tourist attractions, enabling advanced prediction of high concentrations in scenic areas. This timely information can alert relevant authorities to implement preventive measures such as crowd control and flow regulation, thereby minimizing safety hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates tourist information behaviour on-site in light of the ubiquitous access to information afforded by smartphones. The study problematizes existing literature on information search behaviour and connects it with theories of unplanned behaviour. Through the concept of planned serendipity, the paper highlights how tourist information behaviour is a complex phenomenon that does not necessarily answer to a dichotomy between spontaneity and planning. The study employs a combination of Experience Sampling Method and semi-structured interviews, which allow the researcher to collect data both during and after the trip. Four themes are identified that challenge key assumptions in tourist information behaviour literature: (1) emergent and contingent plans, (2) cognitive effort on-site: iterative and specific search process, (3) tourist-centric orientation in time and space, (4) aiming for optimization. The paper concludes that tourists' 'phygital' information environment both enables and constrains serendipity. The dichotomy of structure vs. serendipity is not sufficient to explain the role of serendipity in travel planning, where planned and unplanned behaviour coexist. The paper also contributes to the methodological landscape of research on tourist experiences and shows that everyday technologies like the smartphone can be harnessed to access the on-site stage, reducing recall bias and increasing ecological validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local sales tax bases are determined by factors including businesses, residential populations, and nonresidential visitors. This paper capitalizes on the COVID‐19 pandemic, using the sudden absence of in‐commuters, tourists, and college students to estimate the contributions these populations have on the sales tax base in North Carolina's 100 counties. The findings suggest that losing one in‐commuter results in a loss of roughly $1000 a month in taxable sales. Similarly, the loss of one hotel night booking results in a loss in taxable sales of approximately $525. This translates, for the median county, to exporting 17% to in‐commuters and 12% to tourists. The impact on the loss of a residential college student is less clear. Key Takeaways: Nonresidents, such as commuters, tourists, and college students, are important components to many local governments' sales tax base.A single in‐commuter is estimated to contribute approximately $1000 to the local sales tax base, which translates to about 17% of the tax base for the median county in our sample.The contribution to local sales for a hotel night stay, our proxy for tourism, is estimated to be approximately $525 to the local sales tax base, which translates to about 12% of the tax base for the median county in our sample.We do not find evidence that college students contribute meaningfully to the local sales tax base.This paper informs policy conversations around tax leakage, revenue‐raising capacity, and the benefits and costs of local sales taxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the main food products that can influence culinary tourism branding in Poland. Moreover, the purpose of the research is to explore familiarity with Poland’s cuisine, first associations with Poland and its brand, attractiveness of Polish cuisine and identifying interest in culinary tourism overall. Most importantly, the survey indicates if visitors are interested in visiting Poland for the primary purpose of experiencing Poland’s gastronomic tourism options. Design/methodology/approach: To further understand and support secondary research regarding the topic of culinary tourism, a survey was launched on google forms and posted to several mediums to collect responses. These channels include AmazonMTurk, Facebook, and personal networking. In order to gain insight into Poland’s attractiveness as a gastronomic tourism destination, survey results were collected from 123 individuals. These individuals were from various different foreign countries, the majority from the United States of America. Findings: The survey begins with assessing and exploring associations with culture and cuisine, cuisine and the creation of memorable experiences, intentions to seek out culinary experiences and motivations for culinary tourism. Americans would be highly interested in visiting Poland because of variety of Polish cuisine. The most important flagship products were pierogi and kiełbasa. They are perceived as typical Polish food offer, that could also be an introduction to vast majority of other Polish authentic, tasty culinary achievements and rich gastronomic heritage. This kind of content should be included to tourism strategy on national level, to increase competitive advantage of Poland as tourist destination. According to research results, it would be even better to develop a culinary tourism strategy that would present content to people on the 25-55 age, with a promise of offering memorable culinary tourism experiences presented in attractive digital form. Special emphasize should be given to promotion of Wine, Beer and other alcoholic beverages. Intentional tourist know that tourist form from Spain, Italy, France or Czechia, but Polish growing wine market, very attractive craft beer market or mature spirits market could be an interesting surprise for demanding culinary tourists. Research limitations/implications: The population sample was limited to 123 responses. Moreover, this study does not take into account the potential and very serious negative effects of tourism on a destination. The research was carried out before the war in Ukraine. This aspect should be taken under consideration in the future research on branding of Poland. Practical and social implications: Recommendations are made for Poland’s tourism strategy based on the literature review and results of the research and can be helpful in implementing a culinary tourism strategy in the future. The theoretical and practical application of the research can be used to help Poland in developing a culinary tourism strategy and further understanding of culinary tourists and their motivations to visit Poland as a destination. Originality/value: This research adds value to Poland’s tourism strategy and emphasizes the impact of culinary tourism on Poland’s brand and image. The research results help to define Polish food flagship products to increase popularity of Poland among gastronomic tourists. Recommendations show activities, recommended by respondents, helping to increase the attractiveness of Polish gastronomic tourism based on both food and beverages heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the interplay between heritage tourists' experiences and their emotional responses, and to identify the mediating effect of Memorable Tourism Experiences (MTE), drawing upon the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) theory. The study was conducted in Pingyao, a UNESCO-listed heritage city. Employing a convergent concurrent mixed-methods approach, this study combines quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview) methods to collect data. The results identified the positive effects of authenticity, nostalgia, and sacredness on MTE. Additionally, the study demonstrated that under the mediating effect of MTE, authenticity, nostalgia, and sacredness directly and indirectly affect subjective well-being and destination image. Although the direct impact of sacredness on destination image has not been definitively identified, the indirect impact mediated by MTE is positive and significant. This paper contributes to the research on tourist emotions and offers practical suggestions for the development of cultural heritage sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]