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This study explores Arab university faculty’s views on fully AI-generated assignments and research papers submitted by students, what reasons they give for their stance and how they react in this case. Surveys with a sample of 45 Arab instructors revealed that 98% do not accept AI-generated assignments and research papers from students at all. They gave numerous reasons for their position. If students submit AI-generated assignments or research papers, they would ask them to re-write them. The study recommends raising students’ awareness of university policies regarding AI-generated content and introducing faculty and students to AI plagiarism detection tools. Faculty views and recommendations are reported in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Religion-based AI chatbots serve religious practitioners by bringing them godly wisdom through technology. These bots reply to spiritual and worldly questions by drawing insights or citing verses from the Quran, the Bible, the Bhagavad Gita, the Torah, or other holy books. They answer religious and theological queries by claiming to offer historical contexts and providing guidance and counseling to their users. A criticism of these bots is that they may give inaccurate answers and proliferate bias by propagating homogenized versions of the religions they represent. These "embodied spiritual machines" may likewise bear bias against women, their gender, and their societal roles. This paper crafts a concept intended to address this GPT issue by reimagining, modifying, and implementing a feminist approach to these chatbots. It examines the concepts and designs of these bots and how they address women-related questions. Along with the challenge of bringing gender and diversity-sensitive religious wisdom closer to the people through technology, the paper proposes a re-engineered model of a fair religion-based AI chatbot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights a Chinese team's discovery of a bacterium within mosquitoes' guts that inhibits dengue and Zika viruses, potentially aiding disease control efforts. Topics include the bacterium's efficacy in disrupting viral transmission, the significance amidst rising mosquito resistance to insecticides, and ongoing research to assess its real-world impact alongside existing control measures.

This paper investigates the complex interplay between generative artificial intelligence (AI) and human intellect in academic writing and publishing. It examines the 'organic versus synthetic' paradox, emphasizing the implications of using generative AI tools in educational and academic integrity contexts. The paper critiques the prevalent 'publish or perish' culture in academia, highlighting the need for systemic reevaluation due to generative AI's emerging role in academic writing and reporting. It delves into the legal and ethical challenges of authorship and ownership, especially in relation to copyright laws and AI-generated content. The paper discusses generative AI's diverse roles and advocates for transparent reporting to uphold academic integrity. Additionally, it calls for a broader examination of generative AI tools and stresses the need for new mechanisms to identify generative AI use and ensure adherence to academic integrity and ethics. The implications of generative AI are also explored, suggesting the need for innovative AI-inclusive strategies in academia. The paper concludes by emphasizing the significance of generative AI in various information-processing domains, highlighting the urgency to adapt and transform academic practices in an era of rapid generative AI-driven change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since OpenAI opened access to ChatGPT, large language models (LLMs) become an increasingly popular topic attracting researchers' attention from abundant domains. However, public researchers meet some problems when developing LLMs given that most of the LLMs are produced by industries and the training details are typically unrevealed. Since datasets are an important setup of LLMs, this paper does a holistic survey on the training datasets used in both the pre-train and fine-tune processes. The paper first summarizes 16 pre-train datasets and 16 fine-tune datasets used in the state-of-the-art LLMs. Secondly, based on the properties of the pre-train and fine-tune processes, it comments on pre-train datasets from quality, quantity, and relation with models, and comments on fine-tune datasets from quality, quantity, and concerns. This study then critically figures out the problems and research trends that exist in current LLM datasets. The study helps public researchers train and investigate LLMs by visual cases and provides useful comments to the research community regarding data development. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to summarize and discuss datasets used in both autoregressive and chat LLMs. The survey offers insights and suggestions to researchers and LLM developers as they build their models, and contributes to the LLM study by pointing out the existing problems of LLM studies from the perspective of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The City Council Help Desk Support System is a comprehensive web-based software designed to assist city residents with complaints, queries, and services. This system enhances the efficiency of the City Council and improves the quality of life for citizens by addressing various issues, including fire alerts from specific locations, waste management, community grievances, interference with protected vegetation, and traffic light damage reports. Each query submitted through the portal is stored in a database for future reference. The system's AI-based chatbot provides support by offering relevant information even in the absence of staff. By leveraging digital and internet technologies, this system significantly reduces response times and automates processes across administrative, user, and staff modules. The project utilizes Agile methodology, emphasizing incremental delivery, team collaboration, continual planning, and learning to ensure value delivery at each stage. This paper explores the system's detailed functionalities, its application of Agile principles, and the results of its real-world implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AI chatbots have emerged as powerful tools for providing text-based solutions to a wide range of everyday challenges. Selecting the appropriate chatbot is crucial for optimising outcomes. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of five leading chatbots: ChatGPT, Bard, Llama, Ernie, and Grok. The analysis is based on a systematic review of 28 scholarly articles. The review indicates that ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, excels in educational, medical, humanities, and writing applications but struggles with real-time data accuracy and lacks open-source flexibility. Bard, powered by Google, leverages real-time internet data for problem solving and shows potential in competitive quiz environments, albeit with performance variability and inconsistencies in responses. Llama, an open-source model from Meta, demonstrates significant promise in medical contexts, natural language processing, and personalised educational tools, yet it requires substantial computational resources. Ernie, developed by Baidu, specialises in Chinese language tasks, thus providing localised advantages that may not extend globally due to restrictive policies. Grok, developed by Xai and still in its early stages, shows promise in providing engaging, real-time interactions, humour, and mathematical reasoning capabilities, but its full potential remains to be evaluated through further development and empirical testing. The findings underscore the context-dependent utility of each model and the absence of a singularly superior chatbot. Future research should expand to include a wider range of fields, explore practical applications, and address concerns related to data privacy, ethics, security, and the responsible deployment of these technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like conversational AI and HR chatbots in international human resource development (HRD) presents both productivity benefits and ethical challenges. This study aims to examine the ethical dimensions of AI-driven HR chatbots, emphasizing the need for fairness, autonomy and nondiscrimination. It discusses inherent biases in AI systems and addresses linguistic, cultural and accessibility issues. The paper advocates for a comprehensive risk assessment approach to guide ethical integration, proposing a "risk management by design" framework. By embracing ethical principles and robust risk management strategies, organizations can navigate AI-driven HR technologies while upholding fairness and equity in global workforce management. Design/methodology/approach: Systematic literature review. Findings: The paper advocates for a comprehensive risk assessment approach to guide ethical integration, proposing a "risk management by design" framework. Practical implications: By embracing ethical principles and robust risk management strategies, organizations can navigate AI-driven HR technologies while upholding fairness and equity in global workforce management. Originality/value: This study explores the intricate ethical landscape surrounding AI-driven HR chatbots, spotlighting the imperatives of fairness, autonomy, and nondiscrimination. Uncovering biases inherent in AI systems, it addresses linguistic, cultural, and accessibility concerns. Proposing a pioneering "risk management by design" framework, the study advocates for a holistic approach to ethical integration, ensuring organizations navigate the complexities of AI-driven HR technologies while prioritizing fairness and equity in global workforce management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore ChatGPT's (generative pre-trained transformers) potential as a tool for retailers to improve customer experience and boost sales. While it provides benefits like personalized recommendations and 24/7 assistance, there are limitations, like difficulty in understanding unconventional language. The paper stresses careful integration to overcome these limitations and create a better customer experience. Additionally, it discusses the potential for further development and integration of ChatGPT in retail, such as generating product descriptions and virtual try-on experiences. Finally, the paper encourages retailers to embrace ChatGPT to meet their customer needs. Design/methodology/approach: Case-based methodology involves using specific cases or examples to explore a broader issue or phenomenon. Researchers have analysed real-world cases to identify patterns, themes and insights that can be applied to other contexts or situations. This was useful for understanding complex and multifaceted issues as it allowed us to delve deeper into specific examples and explore the nuances of the situation. Findings: While ChatGPT is a powerful tool for retailers, limitations such as difficulty in understanding non-standard accents and unconventional language can arise, causing customer frustration. Retail managers must integrate ChatGPT in a way that enhances customer experience. In the future, ChatGPT has the potential to generate product descriptions, provide virtual try-on experiences and integrate with augmented or virtual reality technology to offer more immersive experiences. Careful consideration and integration can help retailers overcome these limitations and offer personalized recommendations, round-the-clock assistance and an engaging customer experience that improves sales. Originality/value: The case topic is very much in a novel stage of research and writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ascribing authorship of scientific publications to artificial intelligence is a complex and controversial issue. However, it is a challenging and uncertain problem that, given the growing development of artificial intelligence-based technologies that go beyond the performance of purely technical tasks and even contribute to the development of aspects such as the incorporation of scientific research information published in languages other than English, also contributing to potential insights in research, is becoming unavoidable when considering scientific publishing. This paper aims to add to this discussion by arguing that, although this is a challenging and even controversial position, it is inevitable and even ethically desirable to accept artificial intelligence, if it subsidizes sufficiently, as a (co-)author of any scientific publication. It is a matter of starting to think about how this attribution can be controlled and achieved with increasing respect for the ethics of scientific publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The financial landscape in India is undergoing a transformative shift propelled by the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies within the Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance (BFSI) sector. This paper explores the multifaceted impact of AI on various facets of the industry, ranging from customer service and engagement to risk management and regulatory compliance. In the realm of customer service, AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants have revolutionized interaction channels, providing instantaneous responses to customer queries and delivering personalized experiences. The paper discusses how latest technologies contribute to improved efficiency, reduced response times, and heightened customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the study investigates the significant contribution of AI in fortifying security measures within the BFSI sector. Machine learning algorithms are examined for their efficacy in fraud detection, leveraging vast datasets to identify anomalous transaction patterns and enhance the resilience of financial systems. The adoption of biometric authentication methods, such as facial recognition and fingerprint scanning, is explored as a means to bolster account security and mitigate risks associated with identity theft. The paper also elucidates the impact of AI on credit scoring, underwriting processes, and risk management strategies. Predictive analytics and automated underwriting systems are scrutinized for their role in expediting loan approvals, while AI-driven risk assessment models are discussed for their ability to analyze market trends and economic indicators, aiding in more informed decision-making. In the context of process automation, the integration of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) in routine tasks is highlighted for its potential to reduce operational costs and minimize errors. The study examines the deployment of AI in document processing, enhancing efficiency in document verification and compliance activities. Emerging trends such as voice banking, insurtech innovations, and the use of blockchain technology are also addressed in the paper. AI-powered voice recognition, telematics, roboadvisors, and smart contracts are explored for their contributions to enhancing accessibility, personalized financial advice, and security in transactions. As the BFSI sector in India continues to embrace AI-driven solutions, this research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape, shedding light on the transformative potential of AI technologies and their implications for the future of financial services in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Framing of the research. Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the way organisations manage human resources, injecting new capabilities into human resource management (HRM). There is a pressing need to examine new and more effective approaches to human resource development (HRD). Purpose of the paper. This paper aims to shed light on current knowledge of AI in the HRD domain, developing a comprehensive view of its role in the employee's journey. Methodology. Keyword co-occurrence analysis and bibliographic coupling analysis were performed on a total of 151 papers published between 2002 and 2022. A similarity visualisation programme (VOSviewer) was used to showcase the results visually. Results. The findings highlight the top five authors, sources, papers, and institutions in terms of the prolificacy of contributions in the field. The relevant contribution of this study is the identification and classification of the main topics and research streams in the academic literature. Five main bibliographic clusters are identified, unveiling the five most prominent topics in the field: i) AI in HR and contextual factors; ii) AI in education and future skills; iii) AI Coaching with chatbots; iv) AI in HR recruitment and training; v) AI in soft skills development. Research limitations. It should be acknowledged that the findings are rooted in one database, Scopus, and only publications in English were considered. Managerial implications. We offer three theoretical and institutional implications for advancing further research on AI in HRD. Furthermore, we outline six major takeaways and future lines of research stemming from our findings, resulting in a novel framework that can also be of practical interest to companies. Originality of the paper. This is the first bibliometric study in the HRD and AI field from the viewpoint of personal development. Thus, we provide a first systematisation of the contributions developed in the last twenty years in this novel field of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and ChatGPT have been the talk of the town lately. Why not? Considering the fact that ChatGPT acquired one million users in only four days and 100 million users in just two months of launching, it makes perfect sense for project managers and corporate executives to make it a discussion topic. ChatGPT grew 75% faster than any tech giant in recent times. Thus, Project Managers around the world have been scrambling to figure out the impact of AI and Chatbots on projects and their careers. This paper discusses three pathways project managers and executives can follow to launch products and successfully implement projects through AI tools such as ChatGPT, Bard, Jasper, and others. The authors review how real-life companies such as Uber, Lyft, Instacart, and Khan Academy have leveraged AI using ubiquitous mobile devices to enhance their customer base and revenues. The paper also describes the three techniques project managers and executives can immediately utilize to implement Chatbots such as ChatGPT and enhance project success and their companies' bottom line. The three ChatGPT pathways that are discussed in the paper include: 1. Exploiting a Current Value proposition 2. Expanding the Value Proposition 3. Exploring a New Value Proposition We also explore whether AI tools and software pose any threats or present opportunities to the project managers and the projects. A few research studies have shown that AI could have a profound impact on the world economy. Some industries might see a job loss due to the introduction of AI, especially those that do not adapt. Economists euphemistically call this "adjustment costs". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, AI-designed systems in which, given a certain input or prompt, the system returns an output or response are becoming very popular. A chatbot is an example of this kind of system. However, human beings, besides processing the input stimuli or information adequately, are also capable of simultaneously expressing an emotional response to that input information. This is a major factor in the survival of our species. For years, bio-inspired AI models have been proposed in order to make AI systems more human-like. Paradigms, such as neuromorphic computing, represent an example of this trend. In this paper, we propose a new approach that we have termed hormone-morphic by designing a chatbot, Fattybot, with which it is possible to have a conversation. However, since Fattybot is endowed with both a hormonal and immune system, it can feel anxiety or some other altered condition during a conversation, which induces the chatbot to eat compulsively. The ultimate goal of the work is to propose AI systems that not only process information but also experience some of the emotional traits of human beings. In this paper, several simulation experiments are performed showing the usefulness of this approach, for example, in the simulation of a virtual patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizations are increasingly turning to chatbots to provide customer support via computer-generated, conversational, natural language answers to human queries. This paper describes a technique for creating an enterprise-specific chatbot (ESCB). We conducted an action research study to investigate the possibility of creating an ESCB with a local policy document knowledge base using readily available software tools, a basic level of programming competence, and user community feedback. The applied research on this chatbot leverages the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and proprietary local data to transcend the typical limitations of conventional chatbots. Utilizing three quick-turn action research cycles, we evolved the chatbot to demonstrate high accuracy and relevance in its responses. The results indicate that our chatbot is becoming increasingly efficient in interpreting user queries, extracting necessary information, and formulating appropriate responses. The work underscores the significant potential of AI-powered chatbots for data interaction and the affordability of AI implementation, paving the way for organizations with limited resources to leverage the power of AI in their local operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic restrictions limited all social activities to curtail the spread of the virus. The foremost and most prime sector among those affected were schools, colleges, and universities. The education system of entire nations had shifted to online education during this time. Many shortcomings of Learning Management Systems (LMSs) were detected to support education in an online mode that spawned the research in Artificial Intelligence (AI) based tools that are being developed by the research community to improve the effectiveness of LMSs. This paper presents a detailed survey of the different enhancements to LMSs, which are led by key advances in the area of AI to enhance the real-time and non-real-time user experience. The AI-based enhancements proposed to the LMSs start from the Application layer and Presentation layer in the form of flipped classroom models for the efficient learning environment and appropriately designed UI/UX for efficient utilization of LMS utilities and resources, including AI-based chatbots. Session layer enhancements are also required, such as AI-based online proctoring and user authentication using Biometrics. These extend to the Transport layer to support real-time and rate adaptive encrypted video transmission for user security/privacy and satisfactory working of AI-algorithms. It also needs the support of the Networking layer for IP-based geolocation features, the Virtual Private Network (VPN) feature, and the support of Software-Defined Networks (SDN) for optimum Quality of Service (QoS). Finally, in addition to these, non-real-time user experience is enhanced by other AI-based enhancements such as Plagiarism detection algorithms and Data Analytics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This editorial for the 6th World Conference on Production and Operations Management (P&OM) 2022 Special Issue delves into the transformative role of advanced artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots in reshaping operations, supply chain management and logistics (OSCM). It aligns with the conference's theme of exploring the intersection between P&OM and strategy during the Technological Revolution. Design/methodology/approach: Utilizing a conceptual approach, this paper introduces the "ERI Framework," a tool designed to evaluate the impact of AI-driven chatbots in three critical operational dimensions: efficiency (E), responsiveness (R) and intelligence (I). This framework is grounded in disruptive debottlenecking theory and real-world applications, offering a novel structure for analysis. Findings: The conceptual analysis suggests immediate benefits of chatbots in enhancing decision-making and resource allocation, thereby alleviating operational bottlenecks. However, it sees challenges such as workforce adaptation and potential impacts on creativity and sustainability. Practical implications: The paper suggests that while chatbots present opportunities for optimizing operational processes, organizations must thoughtfully address the emerging challenges to maintain productivity and foster innovation. Strategic implementation and employee training are highlighted as key factors for successful integration. Originality/value: Bridging the gap between the burgeoning proliferation of chatbots and their practical implications in OSCM, this paper offers a first perspective on the role of AI chatbots in modern business environments. By providing insights into both the benefits and challenges of chatbot integration, it offers a preliminary view essential for academics and practitioners in the digital age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the results of an archival desk-study that analyzed worksheets produced by four students using ChatGPT as a coach. ChatGPT is a Generative Pre-Trained Large Language model that can write comprehensively in various languages and styles. It was discovered that it could pass university level physics exams and perform at the level of a third-year medical student. Fourth-year students in Information Technology are required to produce a 3000-to-5000-word research report as part of the requirements for graduation, and their first meeting of the year consists of a workshop following the GROW (Goal, Reality, Opportunities, Will) coaching process. Logistical considerations in this predominantly e-learning based course prevented such teamwork. The two-month-old ChatGPT, however, presented an opportunity to determine the extent to which a chatbot could be used as a peer coach. This paper reports on the outcome of an exercise that was given to students as an introduction to their research methodology course. It was found that well-designed prompts were essential and that students should be encouraged to reflect on their interaction with artificial intelligence. Three clear issues emerged from the study: the quality of feedback given by the chatbot, the value of the prompt, and the importance of student reflection. The chatbot, ChatGPT, displays the traditional computer characteristic of garbage in, garbage out and gives the feedback it is programmed to give. The dialogue shows how a student can build up mutual rapport with the chatbot when they adapt their responses to the feedback provided. The critical reflection in shows that it is still the user who should oversee the process and evaluate the feedback. It is recommended that novice research students be given some training in reacting to feedback, developing useful prompts, and engaging in meaningful reflection. Future research would include developing a reflective coach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the potential use and limitations of ChatGPT in a programming course, specifically focusing on its evaluation in a Data Analytics course due to its broad applications. The study reveals that ChatGPT offers valuable assistance to teachers in creating class materials, facilitating teaching-learning activities, and designing assessments. Students also benefit from the technology, as it can generate R programming codes and serve as a learning companion. However, limitations were identified, including the generation of incorrect reference materials, the tendency to produce pattern-like content, and potential misuse. The paper encourages replication of the study in other courses to uncover additional strengths and limitations, contributing to the development of ethical guidelines for responsible utilization of this exciting technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We live in a time when artificial intelligence has taken the world by storm. Amidst this storm, one chatbot, ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer), has captured the public's attention like no other. Before ChatGPT most of the public did not know or have reason to care about artificial intelligence in the form of large language models (LLM), but when OpenAI released ChatGPT-3 to the public, everything changed. Unlike previous chatbots, ChatGPT-3 was more accessible to the public and was uncannily good at mimicking human conversation and writing. Since ChatGPT-3 can replicate human conversation, answer questions, and summarize information, society must now grapple with the ethics involved in the making and the use of ChatGPT, such as intellectual property theft stemming from the use of copyrighted works to train ChatGPT, bias arising out of flawed training data sets, privacy concerns from potential data leaks, the spread of false or misleading information, transparency, and accountability. This paper reviews the ethical challenges in making and using ChatGPT and how the creators of LLMs are trying to overcome such challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent prominence of advanced chatbots that greatly mimic human intelligence and conversation appears to have set a new stage in the rapidly developing field of Artificial Intelligence. Chatbots such as ChatGTP and Bard have risen to global popularity among internet users who interface with the chatbots in a nearly humanlike manner through a question-and-answer format. But such great technological developments also give rise to questions regarding theology and spirituality. Thus, this paper asks: what does it mean to be human in an increasingly AI-driven world? How can Christian communities around the globe respond to the ongoing developments in the field of AI? Based on missional anthropology, this paper argues for an understanding of humans as embodied agents of God as central in a missional strategy to respond to the proliferation of advanced AI chatbots today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This discussion article examines the potential integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI), including advanced Large-Language Models like the popular platform ChatGPT into subject English education. Following the significant public and academic attention in response to these technologies through 2023, this paper considers the transformative potential and challenges posed by Gen-AI in educational settings. Central to the discussion is the exploration of how English teachers can leverage Gen-AI to enrich student learning beyond the obvious domain of writing skills. Instead, the article foregrounds the necessity for students' understanding of Gen-AI as an essential component of digital literacy. While acknowledging ethical concerns such as plagiarism, equity, and access, the paper presents an argument for the productive use of Gen-AI in the classroom to augment reading, viewing, and interpretation lessons. Avoiding an evangelical or dystopian view of AI, this discussion piece explores the time-critical and urgent issue of how, when, and why English can engage with the technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid advancement of technology holds great promise for various types of users, clients, or service providers. Intelligent robots, whether virtual or physical, can simplify the reservation process. With the development of machines and processing tools, natural language processing (NLP) and natural language understanding (NLU) have emerged to help people comprehend spoken language through machines. In order to facilitate seamless human-machine interaction, we aim to address customer needs through a chatbot. The objective of this paper is to incorporate sentiment analysis techniques with deep learning algorithms to cater to customers' needs during message exchanges. This study aims to create an intelligent chatbot to engage customers during their routine operations and offer support. In addition, it offers to companies a manner to detect sarcastic messages. The proposed chatbot utilizes deep learning techniques to predict users' intentions based on the questions asked and provide a helpful and convenient answer. A new chatbot for the customer is presented to overcome with challenges related to a wrong statement like sarcastic one and feedback towards user messages. A comparison between deep and transfer learning gives a new insight to include sentiments and sarcasm detection in the conversion process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. This is achieved by using algorithms and neural networks for machine learning (ML) and deep learning. ChatGPT is an AI-powered chatbot that can generate responses on any topic based on the user's input or queries. In this review, the focus is on the potential applications of generative AI and ChatGPT in the fields of medical and health professions education. It is important to educate both educators and students about the impact of using generative AI, such as ChatGPT, which is widely used through generative adversarial networks (GANs). In the field of healthcare, GANs can analyse vast datasets to assist in diagnosis, patient data management, and analysis. Students use ChatGPT to obtain factual answers, write papers and translate languages. It can help students with their assignments by summarising literature reviews and generating new ideas. In medical education, educators use ChatGPT to develop learning activities, assessments, and curricula, enhance student learning, and even generate research papers for publication. However, students need to use generative AI carefully so that it does not impede their ability to think critically or write effectively. Guidelines are being formulated in different institutions to regulate the use of this immensely powerful tool. This review could highlight the scope of incorporating ChatGPT into the field of medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the potential of chatbots, powered by large language models, as a tool for fostering community participation in architectural and urban design. By taking a hybrid approach to community participation in a real-world mixed-use building project, in which we integrated remote chatbot engagements with face-to-face workshops, we explored the potential for a hybrid approach to scaling up the reach of participation while ensuring that such participation is meaningful, genuine, and empowering. Our findings suggest that a hybrid approach amplified the strengths and mitigated the shortcomings of the two methods. The chatbot was effective in sustaining the length of participation, broadening the reach of participation, and creating a personalized environment for introspection. Meanwhile, the face-to-face workshops still played a crucial role in bolstering community ties and trust. This research contributes to understanding chatbots' strengths and weaknesses in participatory processes, both within spatial design and beyond. In addition, it informs future explorations of participatory processes that span different spatial-temporal configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent popularity of ChatGPT and artificial intelligence chatbots presents both challenges and opportunities for incorporating this modern technology in the classroom. This paper introduces an activity that uses ChatGPT to help students practice their role playing sales skills. The benefits of using this AI chatbot for role play training include allowing students to practice when it's convenient and have the ability to react to a chatbot taking on personas of different buyer types. Survey results demonstrate the effectiveness of this training method for both role play training and general familiarity with ChatGPT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a literature review of the intersection field between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Customer Experience (CX). We analyzed and synthesized the most recent and prominent literature on the subject, providing an overview of the state of the art, through articles found in the Scopus database. Among the main findings, it is noteworthy that this intersection appears as an interdisciplinary topic of interest in the fields of Computer Science, Business and Management, and Engineering. Additionally, studies often examine conversational agents such as chatbots and voicebots, as well as machine learning prediction models and recommendation systems as a way to improve the Customer Experience. The most common sectors in the review are tourism, banking and e-commerce. Other segments and technologies appear less and may be underrepresented, thus a scope for future research agenda. Despite the existing literature, it is observed that there is still substantial space for expansion and exploration, especially considering the emergence of new generative Artificial Intelligence models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Academic and other researchers have limited tools with which to address the current proliferation of predatory and hijacked journals. These journals can have negative effects on science, research funding, and the dissemination of information. As most predatory and hijacked journals are not error free, this study used ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI) technology tool, to conduct an evaluation of journal quality. Methods: Predatory and hijacked journals were analyzed for reliability using ChatGPT, and the reliability of result have been discussed. Results: It shows that ChatGPT is an unreliable tool for journal quality evaluation for both hijacked and predatory journals. Conclusion: To show how to address this gap, an early trial version of Journal Checker Chatbot has been developed and is discussed as an alternative chatbot that can assist researchers in detecting hijacked journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial overview of a special issue on artificial intelligence (AI) in education. It highlights the recent advancements in AI, particularly the impact of ChatGPT, a chat bot developed by OpenAI. The article discusses the potential benefits of AI in education, such as personalized learning and improved accessibility, but also raises concerns about factual errors, biases, and the potential replacement of human teachers. The special issue includes papers on ChatGPT's ability to automate tasks in education, its use in collaborative essay writing, sentiments towards AI systems, beliefs and perspectives on ChatGPT, research trends in educational AI, and the application of computer-assisted reading programs. The article emphasizes the need for regulation and careful consideration of the risks and benefits of AI in education. [Extracted from the article]

This special issue of the International Journal of Architectural Computing presents selected papers from the 40th Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe) Conference, which explored the theme "Co-creating the Future." The focus of this issue is on approaches, roles, agents, and strategies for inclusion and co-creation using technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, smart buildings, autonomous devices, robots, and software. The papers in this issue cover topics such as enhancing human-building interaction, the benefits and challenges of AI image generators in architectural ideation, the use of chatbots in fostering community participation, collective cartography strategies for analyzing urban spaces, and community-driven design processes. These studies offer valuable insights into the potential of technology in creating more responsive, inclusive, and engaging built environments. [Extracted from the article]

The escalating integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly the widespread use of ChatGPT in higher education, necessitates a profound exploration of effective communication strategies. This paper addresses the critical role of prompt development as a skill essential for university instructors engaging with ChatGPT. While emphasizing the practical implications for higher education, the study introduces a novel two-layered AI prompt formula, considering both components and elements. In methodology, the research synthesizes insights from existing models and proposes a tailored approach for ChatGPT, addressing its unique characteristics and the contextual elements within higher education. The results highlight the formula's flexibility and potential applications in diverse fields, from syllabus planning to assessment. Moreover, the study identifies limitations inherent in ChatGPT, emphasizing the need for instructors to exercise caution in its usage. In conclusion, the paper underscores the evolving landscape of AI in education, envisaging specialized versions of ChatGPT for academic settings and advocating for the proactive adoption of ethical frameworks in the use of AI in higher education. This study serves as a foundational contribution to the discourse on effective AI communication in educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of whether artificial intelligence (AI) can be considered conscious and therefore should be evaluated through a moral lens has surfaced in recent years. In this paper, we argue that whether AI is conscious is less of a concern than the fact that AI can be considered conscious by users during human-AI interaction, because this ascription of consciousness can lead to carry-over effects on human-human interaction. When AI is viewed as conscious like a human, then how people treat AI appears to carry over into how they treat other people due to activating schemas that are congruent to those activated during interactions with humans. In light of this potential, we might consider regulating how we treat AI, or how we build AI to evoke certain kinds of treatment from users, but not because AI is inherently sentient. This argument focuses on humanlike, social actor AI such as chatbots, digital voice assistants, and social robots. In the first part of the paper, we provide evidence for carry-over effects between perceptions of AI consciousness and behavior toward humans through literature on human-computer interaction, human-AI interaction, and the psychology of artificial agents. In the second part of the paper, we detail how the mechanism of schema activation can allow us to test consciousness perception as a driver of carry-over effects between human-AI interaction and human-human interaction. In essence, perceiving AI as conscious like a human, thereby activating congruent mind schemas during interaction, is a driver for behaviors and perceptions of AI that can carry over into how we treat humans. Therefore, the fact that people can ascribe humanlike consciousness to AI is worth considering, and moral protection for AI is also worth considering, regardless of AI's inherent conscious or moral status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This paper investigates initial exuberance and emotions surrounding ChatGPT's first three months of launch (1 December 2022–1 March 2023). The impetus for studying active discussions surrounding its implications, fears, and opinions is motivated by its nascent popularity and potential to disrupt existing professions; compounded by its significance as a crucial inflexion point in history. Capturing the public zeitgeist on new innovations—much like the advent of the printing press, radio, newspapers, or the internet—provides a retrospective overview of public sentiments, common themes, and issues. Objectives: Since launch, few big data studies delved into initial public discourse surrounding the chatbot. This report firstly identifies highest-engagement issues and themes that generated the most interaction; secondly, identifies the highest-engaged keywords on both sides of the sentiment valence scale (positive and negative) associated with ChatGPT. Methods: We interrogate a large twitter corpus (n = 4,251,662) of all publicly available English-language tweets containing the ChatGPT keyword. Our first research aim utilizes a prominent peaks model (upper-quartile significance threshold of prominence>20,000). Our second research aim utilized sentiment analysis to identify, week-on-week, highest-frequency negative, and positive keywords and emojis. Results: Six prominent peaks were identified with the following themes: 'hype and hesitance', 'utility and misuse in professional and academic settings', 'demographic bias', 'philosophical thought experiments on morality' and 'artificial intelligence as a mirror of human knowledge'. Of high-frequency valence, negativity included credibility concerns, implicit bias, environmental ethics, employment rights of data annotators and programmers, the ethicality of neural network datasets. Positivity included excitement over application, especially in coding, as a creative tool, education, and personal productivity. Conclusions: Overall, sentiments and themes were double-edged, expressing excitement over this powerful new tool and wariness toward its potential for misuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This review explores the transformative integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and healthcare through conversational AI leveraging Natural Language Processing (NLP). Focusing on Large Language Models (LLMs), this paper navigates through various sections, commencing with an overview of AI's significance in healthcare and the role of conversational AI. It delves into fundamental NLP techniques, emphasizing their facilitation of seamless healthcare conversations. Examining the evolution of LLMs within NLP frameworks, the paper discusses key models used in healthcare, exploring their advantages and implementation challenges. Practical applications in healthcare conversations, from patient-centric utilities like diagnosis and treatment suggestions to healthcare provider support systems, are detailed. Ethical and legal considerations, including patient privacy, ethical implications, and regulatory compliance, are addressed. The review concludes by spotlighting current challenges, envisaging future trends, and highlighting the transformative potential of LLMs and NLP in reshaping healthcare interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the venture capital-driven process of making intangible assets in platform start-up firms. By examining the case study of the rise and fall of a venture capital-backed 'unicorn' firm developing a digital health platform, this paper argues that the process of real valorization of capital invested in platform start-up firms involves the making of algorithmic systems and data as intangible assets as well as the experimentation with strategies of exploitation and appropriation, which are inherently linked to the future-oriented financial valorization process of equity shares since unprofitable start-up firms continuously require outside capital to expand operations. While the fetish of 'artificial intelligence' posing the firm's chatbot for self-diagnosis as an intelligent 'doctor in your pocket' plays an important role in financial valorization, it is the failed real valorization process in making profits that ultimately leads to the platform start-up's financial collapse. The conceptual contribution of the paper centres on the contradictory nature of assetization processes which sheds light on how class domination operates in and through venture capital-driven accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present the implementation of an artificial intelligence health assistant designed to complement a previously built eHealth data acquisition system for helping both patients and medical staff. The assistant allows users to query medical information in a smarter, more natural way, respecting patient privacy and using secure communications through a chat style interface based on the Matrix decentralized open protocol. Assistant responses are constructed locally by an interchangeable large language model (LLM) that can form rich and complete answers like most human medical staff would. Restricted access to patient information and other related resources is provided to the LLM through various methods for it to be able to respond correctly based on specific patient data. The Matrix protocol allows deployments to be run in an open federation; hence, the system can be easily scaled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large language models, e.g., Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (also known as ChatGPT), are currently contributing enormously to making artificial intelligence even more popular, especially among the general population. However, such chatbot models were developed as tools to support natural language communication between humans. Problematically, it is very much a "statistical correlation machine" (correlation instead of causality), and there are indeed ethical concerns associated with the use of AI language models including ChatGPT, such as bias, privacy, and abuse. This paper highlights specific ethical concerns about ChatGPT and articulates key challenges when ChatGPT is used in various applications. Practical recommendations for different stakeholders of ChatGPT are also proposed that can serve as checklist guidelines for those applying ChatGPT in their applications. These best practice examples are expected to motivate the ethical use of ChatGPT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) allows the brand to co-create value with young customers through mobile apps. However, as many brands claim that their mobile apps are using the most updated AI technology, young customers face app fatigue and start questioning the authenticity of this touchpoint. This paper aims to study the mediating effect of authenticity for the value co-creation of AI-powered branded applications. Design/methodology/approach: Drawing from regulatory engagement theory, this study conceptualize authenticity as the key construct in customers' value experience process, which triggers customer value co-creation. Two scenario-based online experiments are conducted to collect data from 444 young customers. Data analysis is performed using ANOVA and Process Hayes. Findings: The results reveal that perceived authenticity is an important mediator between media richness (chatbot vs AI text vs augmented reality) and value co-creation. There is no interaction effect of co-brand fit (high vs low) and source endorsement (doctor vs government) on the relationship between media richness and perceived authenticity, whereas injunctive norms (high vs low) strengthen this relationship. Practical implications: The finding provides insights for marketing managers on engaging young customers suffering from app fatigue. Authenticity holds the key to young customers' technological perceptions. Originality/value: This research highlights the importance of perceived authenticity in encouraging young customers to co-create value. Young customers consider authenticity as a motivational force experience that involves customers through the app's attributes (e.g. media richness) and social standards (e.g. norms), rather than brand factors (e.g. co-brand fit, source endorsement). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a corpus analysis of academic integrity policies from Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) worldwide, exploring how they address the issues posed by technological threats, such as Automated Paraphrasing Tools and generative-artificial intelligence tools, such as ChatGPT. The analysis of 142 policies conducted in November and December 2022, and May 2023 reveals a gap regarding the mention of AI and associated technologies in the available academic integrity policies. Despite the growing prevalence of these tools in the 6-month period since the release of ChatGPT, no HEIs had produced revised academic integrity policies. Content analysis of 53 guidance documents produced by HEIs suggests an overall positive focus of Gen AI tools, yet advises caution. This study suggests a modification to Bretag et al.'s (Int J Educ Integr 7, 2011) exemplary academic integrity model, introducing "Technological Explicitness" — emphasizing the need to include explicit guidelines about new technologies in academic integrity policies. These results underscore the urgent need for HEIs to revise their academic integrity policies, considering the evolving landscape of AI and its implications for academic integrity. This paper argues for a multifaceted approach to deal with the issues of integrating technology, education, policy reform, and assessment restructuring to navigate these challenges while upholding academic integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We live in an age of artificial intelligence (AI). Open AI, an American artificial intelligence organization, claims that generative chatbots are here to stay. Although computer technology remains unevenly distributed, the presence of AI continues to be felt in many areas of daily life. Further, AI development happens in few countries whose cultural practices and beliefs tend to be embedded in AI output and functionality. Western and Global North perspectives tend to dominate conversations about AI. How might AI technology function equitably in an ethno‐racially and linguistically diverse world? This paper explores intersections of technology, coloniality, and bias to contextualize the user‐experience for individuals in groups characterized as high, medium, and low‐resourced languages. For whom does AI function in our globalizing world? Engaging with this question through a languacultural (Agar, 1994) lens, I employ a language and culture perspective to guide inquiry into AI’s output and impact, based on a children’s storybook. Specifically, I deploy Kenyan, Indonesian, and Taiwanese languacultural perspectives of three participants in a culturally cognizant reading (Washington, 2023) of a product of chatbot‐human composing, ‘Alice and Sparkle’, a children’s book illustrated by MidJourney and co‐authored by ChatGPT and Ammaar Reshi. Overall, through scrutiny of encoded cultural tropes and values inscribed within text and images, this paper proposes considerations for literacy pedagogy and research that stem from a pursuit of inclusive AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the concepts of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) and artificial intelligence (AI). Chat GPT utilizes the GPT language model, which is trained using deep learning techniques and the transformer algorithm. It leverages the transformer's ability to understand human language and generate natural responses in conversations. ChatGPT is utilized in various contexts such as virtual assistants, chatbots, and interactive platforms to improve user interactions with technology. Our efforts also explore the wider domain of artificial intelligence, encompassing machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing. The advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have had a significant impact on various industries. The study emphasizes the significance of ongoing enhancement, safeguarding, confidentiality, and ethical deliberations in the creation and implementation of ChatGPT and AI chatbots. Ongoing research endeavors to improve the dependability and credibility of AI chatbot systems, despite obstacles such as bias and comprehensibility AI chatbots, can facilitate tailored and efficient human-machine interactions by giving priority to ethical considerations and promoting collaboration. In contemporary research initiatives, the integration of ChatGPT and AI technologies is of great significance, as it presents unique prospects for exploration and invention. ChatGPT, due to its capacity to understand and produce written content, functions as a potent instrument for enhancing communication, resolving issues, and disseminating knowledge in several fields. Hence, it is imperative for researchers to fully grasp the capabilities and consequences of AI, particularly on platforms like ChatGPT, to optimally harness the entire potential of these technologies in their respective fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancements in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing have culminated in sophisticated technologies such as transformer models, generative AI models, and chatbots. Chatbots are sophisticated software applications created to simulate conversation with human users. Chatbots have surged in popularity owing to their versatility and user-friendly nature, which have made them indispensable across a wide range of tasks. This article explores the dual nature of chatbots in the realm of cybersecurity and highlights their roles as both defensive tools and offensive tools. On the one hand, chatbots enhance organizational cyber defenses by providing real-time threat responses and fortifying existing security measures. On the other hand, adversaries exploit chatbots to perform advanced cyberattacks, since chatbots have lowered the technical barrier to generate phishing, malware, and other cyberthreats. Despite the implementation of censorship systems, malicious actors find ways to bypass these safeguards. Thus, this paper first provides an overview of the historical development of chatbots and large language models (LLMs), including their functionality, applications, and societal effects. Next, we explore the dualistic applications of chatbots in cybersecurity by surveying the most representative works on both attacks involving chatbots and chatbots' defensive uses. We also present experimental analyses to illustrate and evaluate different offensive applications of chatbots. Finally, open issues and challenges regarding the duality of chatbots are highlighted and potential future research directions are discussed to promote responsible usage and enhance both offensive and defensive cybersecurity strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new era of patient care and health care has started because of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies. This paper analyzes significant developments achieved in the fieldof medical chatbots, which are now efficient instruments for improving patient engagement, increasing access to healthcare, and accelerating medical operations. The capacity of medical chatbots, powered by AI and ML algorithms, to offer timely and individualized healthcare information, symptom assessment,and even early diagnoses, has been established. They use naturallanguage processing (NLP) methods to converse in human-like ways, making them accessible for individuals with different degrees of digital literacy. Additionally, they can be integrated with other healthcare systems and electronic health records (EHRs), facilitating seamless exchange of data while improving the client’s experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]