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In concurrent spectrum sharing scenarios between radars and wireless communication systems, one strict approach to protect the radar from undesired interference is locating the base stations outside a guard (or exclusion) zone of the radar. As a result, users inside that zone experience bad communication coverage. This paper uses Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) to improve the base station coverage of users in the radar exclusion zone. The paper shows, through analysis and simulation, that joint optimization of base station and RIS locations improves the probability of coverage in the exclusion zone over the shared spectrum without disturbing the radar operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this letter, we evaluate the performance of the dual-branch maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity scheme in nonidentical correlated Weibull fading channels with arbitrary parameters. We first use the Pade approximation (PA) to find closed-form rational expressions for the moment generating function (MGF) of the output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the MRC receiver. Different performance measures, such as the outage probability and the average symbol-error rate for different linear modulations, are then presented using the well-known MGF approach. Furthermore, the effect of the input SNRs unbalancing, the severity of fading, and the degree of correlation on the system performance are also studied. Our results are validated by comparing them with computer simulations, and we show that the PA technique is indeed a convenient tool for such performance evaluation studies. Index Terms--Correlated branches, diversity receivers, maximal ratio combining (MRC), Pad6 approximation (PA), Weibull fading.

This letter analyzes the performance of a cellular system that shares spectrum with a nearby rotating radar. The analysis is based on stochastic geometry and combines opportunistic with concurrent spectrum sharing. We derive expressions for the cellular probability of coverage taking into consideration the radar guard zone and the operating parameters of both the radar and the cellular system. Results show that allowing eNBs inside the radar guard zone to operate when not in the radar beam improves the coverage and service of the cellular system compared to the case of a strictly silent guard zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millimeter wave (mm-wave) communication is one of the key enabling technologies for meeting the requirements of the fifth generation (5G) wireless communication systems. It is, therefore, essential to have accurate information about the mm-wave radio channel characteristics for successful deployment of these systems. There are many recent mm-wave channel characterization measurements reported worldwide. However, no such measurements were reported in the Arabian Peninsula, where the environment along with the building design and architecture are different from other regions in the world. This paper tries to fill that gap and presents the results of an mm-wave measurement campaign conducted at the American University of Sharjah (AUS) campus in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) during the period of November 2018 to January 2019. The results of the large-scale characterization (path loss and shadow fading) are presented for both indoor and outdoor environments at 28 GHz. Furthermore, the penetration loss and reflection coefficients for materials commonly used in the facades of building structures in the UAE are measured at the same frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present two novel methods for the generation of Fox's $H$ -function distributed random variables (RVs), which have been recently used to model fading in various wireless communication scenarios. The first proposed method is based on the use of standard normal RVs, whereas the second is based on the use of Gamma RVs. Using Monte Carlo simulations, the proposed methods are tested and are shown to provide indistinguishable results from the corresponding analytical $H$ -function probability density functions (PDFs) for a diverse set of parameters. Moreover, as an application, simulated ergodic capacity and average bit error rate results obtained using the proposed methods are compared to analytical expressions previously obtained in the literature and perfect agreement is observed. Our results also provide valuable insights into what constraints on the $H$ -function parameters are sufficient to guarantee valid $H$ -function PDFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses throughput improvement in millimeter-wave (mmWave) mesh networks via two novel distributed scheduling algorithms. The first one uses packet aggregation and block acknowledgment (ACK) that were introduced in the IEEE Std 802.11e-2005 for WiFi. Specifically, a distributed time-division multiplexing scheduling algorithm, which targets increasing the network capacity via reserving as many contiguous slots as possible for each node, is proposed thus enabling packet aggregation. This algorithm achieves its goal when the operating signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is significantly high. If that is not the case, the second proposed algorithm can be used. It is a distributed one that starts initially with a random feasible schedule determined cooperatively between nodes. The algorithm then tries to reach better feasible schedules via parallel and successive local searches without violating feasibility constraints. Extensive simulations show that the first algorithm improves the network throughput by almost compared to the well-known memory-guided directional medium access control (MDMAC) due to reducing the transmission overhead. The second proposed algorithm is shown to increase the number of reserved slots by about over MDMAC. Both algorithms are shown to either increase or almost maintain the same degree of fairness among the nodes as quantified by Jain's fairness index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we characterize the achievable (linear) degrees of freedom (DoFs) of the K-user single-input single-output (SISO) interference channel with blind interference alignment (BIA) using staggered antenna switching. In this scheme, each transmitter is equipped with one conventional antenna, and each receiver is equipped with one reconfigurable (multimode) antenna. Assuming that the channel is known to the receivers only, we show that by using linear BIA with staggered antenna switching at the receiver, a sum DoF of \text{2}K/(K+\text{2}) is achievable. This result implies that in using BIA, we can double the DoF achieved by orthogonal multiple-access schemes for a large number of users. Moreover, we propose a systematic algorithm to generate the transmit beamforming vectors and the reconfigurable antenna switching patterns, showing that it can achieve the \text{2}K/(K+\text{2})$ sum DoF for any K$. Finally, we apply this algorithm to the four-user SISO interference channel and demonstrate that \text{4}/\text{3} sum DoF is indeed achievable. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, we introduce the exposed secondary-user (SU) problem in underlay cognitive radio systems, where both the secondary-to-primary and primary-to-secondary channels have a line-of-sight (LoS) component. Based on a Rician model for the LoS channels, we show, both analytically and numerically, that LoS interference hinders the achievable SU capacity when interference constraints are imposed at the primary user (PU) receiver. This is caused by the poor dynamic range of interference channel fluctuations when a dominant LoS component exists. To improve the capacity of such a system, we propose the use of an electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna at the secondary terminals. An ESPAR antenna involves a single radio frequency (RF) chain and has a reconfigurable radiation pattern that is controlled by assigning arbitrary weights to $M$ orthonormal basis radiation patterns via altering a set of reactive loads. By viewing the orthonormal patterns as multiple virtual dumb antennas, we randomly vary their weights over time, creating artificial channel fluctuations that can perfectly eliminate the undesired impact of LoS interference. This scheme is termed as random aerial beamforming (RAB) and is well suited for compact and low-cost mobile terminals as it uses a single RF chain. Moreover, we investigate the exposed-SU problem in a multiuser setting, showing that LoS interference hinders multiuser interference diversity and affects the growth rate of the SU capacity as a function of the number of users. Using RAB, we show that LoS interference can, in fact, be exploited to improve multiuser diversity by boosting the effective number of users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we derive closed-form exact and asymptotic expressions for the symbol error rate (SER) and channel capacity when communicating over Fox's $H$-function fading channel. The SER expressions are obtained for numerous practically employed modulation schemes in case of single-branch and three multiple-branch diversity receivers: maximal ratio combining (MRC), equal gain combining (EGC), and selection combining (SC). The derived exact expressions are given in terms of the univariate and multivariate Fox's $H$-functions for which we provide a portable and efficient Python code. Since Fox's $H$-function fading channel represents the most generalized fading model ever presented in the literature, the derived expressions subsume most of those previously presented for all the known simple and composite fading models. Moreover, easy-to-compute asymptotic expansions are provided to easily study the behavior of the SER and channel capacity at high values of the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The asymptotic expansions are also useful in comparing different modulation schemes and receiver diversity combiners. Numerical and simulation results are also provided to support the mathematical analysis and prove the validity of the obtained expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a novel framework for deriving closed-form exact expressions for the symbol error rate (SER) of $\alpha$– $\mu$ fading channels, assuming single-branch and equal-gain combining and maximal-ratio combining receivers and considering most of the commonly used modulation schemes. The proposed framework is based on Mellin transform, and the SER expressions are given in terms of the univariate and multivariate Fox $H$-functions, which have recently been extensively used in the literature. The proposed framework has the following advantages over previous frameworks: First, it is straightforward and general; therefore, it allows the derivation of the exact SER expressions for cases untreated before in the literature. Second, it enables direct derivation for the asymptotic expressions of the SER for high average signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). To validate the obtained expressions, we compare the results of the special case of the Nakagami- $m$ fading channel with those reported in the literature. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted, and their results are shown to perfectly match the analytic expressions. Finally, the obtained asymptotic expressions for all the studied modulation schemes and diversity receivers are shown to match the behavior of their corresponding exact values for a wide range of SNR values that are of practical interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]