67 results
Search Results
2. Postglacial emergence of Amund and Ellef Ringnes islands, Nunavut: implications for the northwest sector of the Innuitian Ice Sheet.
- Author
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Atkinson, Nigel and England, John
- Subjects
HOLOCENE stratigraphic geology ,ICE sheets ,GLACIAL landforms ,HOLOCENE paleoceanography ,ABSOLUTE sea level change - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Exploring the potential roles of community-university partnerships in northern suicide prevention implementation research.
- Author
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Fraser, Sarah, Plourde-Léveillé, Léa, and Kirmayer, Laurence J.
- Subjects
SUICIDE prevention ,RESEARCH implementation ,INUIT ,ACCESS to information - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Circumpolar Health is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Producing consent: How environmental assessment enabled oil and gas extraction in the Qikiqtani region of Nunavut.
- Author
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Bernauer, Warren
- Subjects
GAS extraction ,PETROLEUM industry ,OIL fields ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,INUIT ,HEAVY oil - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Geographer is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Surface snow bromide and nitrate at Eureka, Canada, in early spring and implications for polar boundary layer chemistry.
- Author
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Yang, Xin, Strong, Kimberly, Criscitiello, Alison S., Santos-Garcia, Marta, Bognar, Kristof, Zhao, Xiaoyi, Fogal, Pierre, Walker, Kaley A., Morris, Sara M., and Effertz, Peter
- Subjects
BOUNDARY layer (Aerodynamics) ,SPRING ,SNOW chemistry ,BROMIDES ,SEA level ,REACTIVE nitrogen species ,SEA ice ,POLAR vortex - Abstract
This study explores the role of snowpack in polar boundary layer chemistry, especially as a direct source of reactive bromine (BrOx = BrO + Br) and nitrogen (NOx = NO + NO2) in the Arctic springtime. Surface snow samples were collected daily from a Canadian high Arctic location at Eureka, Nunavut (80° N, 86° W) from the end of February to the end of March in 2018 and 2019. The snow was sampled at several sites representing distinct environments: sea ice, inland close to sea level, and a hilltop ∼ 600 m above sea level (a.s.l.). At the inland sites, surface snow salinity has a double-peak distribution with the first and lowest peak at 0.001–0.002 practical salinity unit (psu), which corresponds to the precipitation effect, and the second peak at 0.01–0.04 psu , which is likely related to the salt accumulation effect (due to loss of water vapour by sublimation). Snow salinity on sea ice has a triple-peak distribution; its first and second peaks overlap with the inland peaks, and the third peak at 0.2–0.4 psu is likely due to the sea water effect (a result of upward migration of brine). At all sites, snow sodium and chloride concentrations increase by almost 10-fold from the top 0.2 to ∼ 1.5 cm. Surface snow bromide at sea level is significantly enriched, indicating a net sink of atmospheric bromine. Moreover, surface snow bromide at sea level has an increasing trend over the measurement period, with mean slopes of 0.024 µMd-1 in the 0–0.2 cm layer and 0.016 µMd-1 in the 0.2–0.5 cm layer. Surface snow nitrate at sea level also shows a significant increasing trend, with mean slopes of 0.27, 0.20, and 0.07 µMd-1 in the top 0.2, 0.2–0.5, and 0.5–1.5 cm layers, respectively. Using these trends, an integrated net deposition flux of bromide of (1.01 ± 0.48) × 10 7 molec.cm-2s-1 and an integrated net deposition flux of nitrate of (2.6 ± 0.37) × 10 8 molec.cm-2s-1 were derived. In addition, the surface snow nitrate and bromide at inland sites were found to be significantly correlated (R = 0.48–0.76) with the [NO3-]/[Br-] ratio of 4–7 indicating a possible acceleration effect of reactive bromine in atmospheric NOx -to-nitrate conversion. This is the first time such an effect has been seen in snow chemistry data obtained with a sampling frequency as short as 1 d. BrO partial column (0–4 km) data measured by MAX-DOAS show a decreasing trend in early spring, which generally agrees with the derived surface snow bromide deposition flux indicating that bromine in Eureka atmosphere and surface snow did not reach a photochemical equilibrium state. Through mass balance analysis, we conclude that the average release flux of reactive bromine from snow over the campaign period must be smaller than the derived bromide deposition flux of ∼ 1 × 10 7 molec.cm-2s-1. Note that the net mean fluxes observed do not completely rule out larger bidirectional fluxes over shorter timescales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Thermal Disturbances in Permafrost Due to Open Pit Mining and Tailings Impoundment.
- Author
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Booshehrian, Ahmad, Wan, Richard, and Su, Grant
- Subjects
- *
STRIP mining , *TAILINGS dams , *PERMAFROST , *EARTH temperature , *CLIMATE change ,COLD regions - Abstract
The paper is concerned with thermal disturbances in continuous permafrost due to open pit mining and tailings impoundment in the cold regions of Northern Canada. Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate issues of thermal regime changes and permafrost degradation in both the short term and the long term in connection with the proposed Kiggavik project in Nunavut, Canada. The results of numerical simulations indicate that no open talik would form below the East Zone and Center Zone pits during the estimated mining and milling operation period of 14 years, although a thin thawed zone would develop surrounding the open pits. For the Main Zone pit where the excavation would break through permafrost, the open talik remains following an extended operation period of 25 years with a 5 to 30 m thawed zone along the pit side walls. In the long term, with a plausible climate change scenario of 5 °C increase in the mean annual ground surface temperature during the next 100 years, the permafrost surrounding the in-pit tailings management facilities (TMFs) would reduce greatly in about 500 years. However, an approximately 40 m thick permafrost layer would remain on the top of the TMFs, which is impervious and would prevent any tailings pore water from migrating upward to reach the ground surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Building on strengths in Naujaat: the process of engaging Inuit youth in suicide prevention.
- Author
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Anang, Polina, Elder, Elizabeth Haqpi Naujaat, Gordon, Ellen, Gottlieb, Nora, and Bronson, Maria
- Subjects
- *
SUICIDAL behavior in youth , *SUICIDE prevention , *INUIT , *SUICIDAL behavior , *INDIGENOUS peoples - Abstract
Death by suicide and attempted suicide among Inuit youth is now considered a public health emergency of epidemic proportion, with rates among the highest worldwide. A strong sense of cultural identity and pride, as well as social capital, has been identified as being protective against suicide. The Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR) Guidelines for Health Research Involving Aboriginal People call for communities to be included in the conception, planning and implementation of research. The authors took first steps towards sharing the responsibility of designing a community initiative with the youth of Naujaat, Nunavut, a community located directly on the Arctic Circle. With the objectives of promoting open listening and exploration of community needs and enhancing self-determination and sustainability, we postulated a youth resiliency project that will be co-authored by the community. This paper describes the joint work process. We recount how Inuit youth take ownership of the project with the guidance of Ms. Elizabeth Haqpi, a Naujaat Elder. The article will particularly reflect on the process of balancing the different perspectives and expectations while enjoying the richness of mutual learning through keeping each other accountable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Clyde Inuit Settlement and Community: From before Boas to Centralization.
- Author
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Wenzel, George
- Subjects
INUIT ,LAND settlement ,HUMAN settlements ,BAFFIN Island Inuit ,CORPORATE history ,NATIVE American history ,SOCIAL history - Abstract
Presently, the terms "settlement" and "community" are used virtually interchange- ably as identifying referents for contemporary Inuit residential places, especially those that are the result of past Euro-Canadian resettlement policy. This paper revisits Chang's (1961) conceptualization of these terms in which "settlement" expresses spatial, geographic and, to a degree, temporal provenience, while "community" is conceived of as having strict social meaning with regard to place. Chang's conception of each term is tested through examination of ethnohistoric information about Inuit occupation and use of the Clyde region of eastern Baffin Island before the formation of modern Clyde Rivet This examination begins with historical and informant information about the nineteenth century regional presence of Inuit and then is followed by detailed Inuit memories of people and places during Clyde's Contact-Traditional Period (ca. 1923-1970). It concludes that Chang's discriminating use of "settlement" and "community" are relevant to the history of Inuit occupation in this area during this later time, but that his formulations about Inuit settlement and community within his larger circumpolar typologies are weak and with regard to community inaccurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Gender, Nationalism, Citizenship, and Nunavut's Territorial "House": A Case Study of the Gender Parity Proposal Debate.
- Author
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Wilson, Elana
- Subjects
CITIZENSHIP ,GENDER ,NATIONALISM ,PATRIOTISM ,GENDER differences (Psychology) ,HUMAN territoriality ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
On April 1, 1999 one-fifth of Canada's landmass became Nunavut, a new Arctic territory in which eighty-five percent of the population of 28,000 is Inuit. In this paper, I explore how overlapping vocabularies of nationalism and citizenship, so successful in external negotiations with the Canadian state, were brought home and utilized to defend competing positions in the internal debate over a unique proposal that would have ensured gender parity in Nunavut's territorial legislature. The gender parity debate is analyzed to illustrate the way that different political actors mobilized the concepts of nationalism and citizenship to support competing positions and how these two discourses influenced notions of the spaces in which gender difference can be acknowledged legitimately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Urgent air transfers for acute respiratory infections among children from Northern Canada, 2005–2014.
- Author
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Prendergast, Caitlin, Robinson, Joan, Caya, Chelsea, Perez Trejo, Maria E., Guan, Iline, Hébert-Murakami, Veronica, Marianayagam, Justina, Wong, Zing-Wae, Walker, Celia, Goldfarb, David M., Barrowman, Nick, Jetty, Radha, Embree, Joanne, and Papenburg, Jesse
- Subjects
RESPIRATORY infections in children ,INDIGENOUS children ,RESPIRATORY syncytial virus ,AGE groups ,BACTERIAL diseases ,CRITICAL care medicine ,RESPIRATORY infections ,PARAINFLUENZA viruses - Abstract
Background: The incidence of hospitalizations for acute respiratory infections (ARI) among young Indigenous children from Northern Canada is consistently high. ARIs requiring urgent air transfer can be life-threatening and costly. We aimed to describe their epidemiology, estimate age-specific incidences, and explore factors associated with level of care required. Methods: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of children <5 years old from Northern Canada transferred by urgent air transport for ARI from 2005 through 2014 to 5 pediatric tertiary care centers in Vancouver, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Ottawa and Montreal. Admissions were identified via ARI-related ICD-9/10 coding and forward sortation area. Descriptive statistics and univariable analyses were performed. Results: Among 650 urgent air transfers, the majority were from Nunavut (n = 349, 53.7%) or Nunavik (n = 166, 25.5%), <6 months old (n = 372, 57.2%), and without underlying comorbidity (n = 458; 70.5%). Estimated annual tertiary care ARI admission rates in infants <1 year old from Nunavut (40.7/1000) and Nunavik (44.5/1000) were tenfold higher than in children aged 1 to 4 years. Bronchiolitis (n = 333, 51.2%) and pneumonia (n = 208, 32.0%) were the most common primary discharge diagnoses. Nearly half required critical care (n = 316, 48.6%); mechanical ventilation rates ranged from 7.2% to 55.9% across centres. The most common primary pathogen was respiratory syncytial virus (n = 196, 30.1%). Influenza A or B was identified in 35 cases (5.4%) and vaccine-preventable bacterial infections in 27 (4.1%) cases. Interpretation: Urgent air transfers for ARI from Northern Canada are associated with high acuity. Variations in levels of care were seen across referral centers, age groups and pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Lessons from management of syphilis in Nunavut, Canada, 2012-2020.
- Author
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Singh, Ameeta E., Kulleperuma, Kethika, Begin, Jenny, DeGuzman, Jessica, Sammurtok, Diane, Anoee, Obed, Koonoo, Theresa, and Pawa, Jasmine
- Subjects
SYPHILIS ,CANADIAN Inuit ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,PUBLIC health nursing ,MEDICAL consultants ,SOCIAL determinants of health - Abstract
Background: Nunavut, part of Inuit Nunangat, is a geographically vast territory in northern Canada, with a population of over 38,000 people. Most (85%) of the population identify as Inuit. Nunavut has experienced a significant rise in heterosexual infectious syphilis cases since 2012. Management of communicable diseases, including syphilis, is challenging due to high staff turnover and long delays in specimen transport times. Social determinants of health are also an important contributor. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology and program elements for infectious syphilis from 2012-2020 and to highlight beneficial interventions.Methods: Syphilis is a notifiable disease in Nunavut with all cases reported to the Territorial Department of Health. Cases were staged by a medical consultant. Data were analyzed and released in public reports as part of the public health program.Results: From 2012 to 2020, 655 infectious syphilis cases were reported, with 53% of reported cases among females. Infection rates were highest in 20 to 39-year-olds. There was significant variability in reported cases over this time period by geographic region, with the majority of infectious cases reported from the Kivalliq region. Despite 48 reported cases in pregnancy, no confirmed congenital syphilis cases were identified. Program staff identified strengths of the response as well as ongoing needs, such as plain language resources available in multiple languages.Conclusion: Despite the logistical challenges with syphilis management in the territory, the overall outcomes have been positive, with no confirmed congenital cases identified. We attribute this to a coordinated effort by multiple partners including key actions by public health nurses and community health representatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Holocene sediments from a coastal lake on northern Devon Island, Nunavut, Canada.
- Author
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Courtney Mustaphi, Colin J., Gajewski, Konrad, and Lian, Olav
- Subjects
HOLOCENE stratigraphic geology ,MARINE sediments ,ONTOGENY ,FLOODS ,TEMPERATURE effect ,PERMAFROST - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. AKIMISKI ISLAND, NUNAVUT, CANADA: A TEST OF INUIT TITLE.
- Author
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Pritchard, Christine, Sistili, Brandy, General, Zachariah, Whitelaw, Graham S., McCarthy, Daniel D., and Tsuji, Leonard J. S.
- Subjects
CREE (North American people) ,LAW ,LAND tenure of Native Americans ,LAND tenure ,CANADIAN politics & government - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Native Studies is the property of Brandon University, CJNS, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
14. Person, Place, Memory, Thing: How Inuit Elders are Informing Archaeological Practice in the Canadian North.
- Author
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Lyons, Natasha, Dawson, Peter, Walls, Matthew, Uluadluak, Donald, Angalik, Louis, Kalluak, Mark, Kigusiutuak, Philip, Kiniksi, Luke, Karetak, Joe, and Suluk, Luke
- Subjects
- *
OLDER Inuit , *INUIT , *OLDER people , *ORAL history , *PREHISTORIC peoples of the Americas , *ANTIQUITIES of indigenous peoples of the Americas , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL research , *NATIVE American history - Abstract
Inuit Elders from the West Coast of Hudson Bay, Canada remember the past to serve the present. This paper describes a mapping and oral history project that is gathering Elders' knowledge of the people, places, sites, and resources that populated their vast traditional territory. We discuss the Elders' conception of this work within the framework of Inuit Qaujimajatuqangiit (Inuit knowledge) and how these understandings are actively contributing to the form and direction of the project. We explore how the Elders' knowledge is used to inform and animate the archaeological findings of the project. These broader discussions are focused around an examination of the tentative links between an historic Inuit trader named Ullebuk (Ouligbuk) and archaeological features uncovered at a site located near Arviat, Nunavut. Finally, we discuss how the Elders' work is trained on the goal of serving their people, particularly the rapidly expanding population of Inuit youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
15. A Late Triassic flora from east-central Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada.
- Author
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Vavrek, Matthew J., Larsson, Hans C. E., and Rybczynski, Natalia
- Subjects
TRIASSIC stratigraphic geology ,MESOZOIC stratigraphic geology ,BOTANY ,ISLANDS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. NEW ARCHAEOLOGICAL REGULATIONS FOR THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES AND NUNAVUT, CANADA.
- Author
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ARNOLD, Charles D. and STENTON, Douglas R.
- Subjects
- *
ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *FEDERAL regulation , *DECENTRALIZATION in government - Abstract
In June 2001 the federal Government of Canada enacted new Regulations governing archaeological fieldwork in Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. In this paper we provide a brief overview of the history of archaeological site protection in the former Northwest Territories, and describe the nature of the changes that are now in effect in the new Nunavut and Northwest Territories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
17. Apparent Contradiction: Psychrotolerant Bacteria from Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Arctic Tundra....
- Author
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Zhongtang Yu, Stewart, Gordon R., and Mohn, William W.
- Subjects
- *
SOIL microbiology , *TUNDRA soils , *TERPENES - Abstract
Examines the occurrence of resin acid-degrading bacteria on the Arctic tundra soil in Ellesmere Island, Northwest Territories. Abundance of resin acid degraders in hydro-carbon-contaminated soils; Importance of the acid in the global carbon cycle; Significance for the biotreatment of pulp and paper mill effluents.
- Published
- 2000
18. POSTSECONDARY INUIT STUDENTS FROM NUNAVUT PATHWAYS: WHEN STUDENTS' SATISFACTION MEETS LANGUAGE DISCRIMINATION.
- Author
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RODON, THIERRY, RATEL, JEAN-LUC, GROSS, PAMELA HAKONGAK, LÉVESQUE, FRANCIS, and OKALIK, MAATALII
- Subjects
DISCRIMINATORY language ,INUIT ,SATISFACTION ,CAPACITY building ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,POSTSECONDARY education ,SEX discrimination in employment ,SEX discrimination - Abstract
Copyright of McGill Journal of Education is the property of McGill Journal of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
19. Experiences of Inuit in Canada who travel from remote settings for cancer care and impacts on decision making.
- Author
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Jull, Janet, Sheppard, Amanda J., Hizaka, Alex, Barton, Gwen, Doering, Paula, Dorschner, Danielle, Edgecombe, Nancy, Ellis, Megan, Graham, Ian D., Habash, Mara, Jodouin, Gabrielle, Kilabuk, Lynn, Koonoo, Theresa, and Roberts, Carolyn
- Subjects
CANADIAN Inuit ,CANCER treatment ,DECISION making ,MEDICAL care use ,HEALTH services accessibility - Abstract
Background: Inuit experience the highest cancer mortality rates from lung cancer in the world with increasing rates of other cancers in addition to other significant health burdens. Inuit who live in remote areas must often travel thousands of kilometers to large urban centres in southern Canada and negotiate complex and sometimes unwelcoming health care systems. There is an urgent need to improve Inuit access to and use of health care. Our study objective was to understand the experiences of Inuit in Canada who travel from a remote to an urban setting for cancer care, and the impacts on their opportunities to participate in decisions during their journey to receive cancer care. Methods: We are an interdisciplinary team of Steering Committee and researcher partners (“the team”) from Inuit-led and/or -specific organizations that span Nunavut and the Ontario cancer health systems. Guided by Inuit societal values, we used an integrated knowledge translation (KT) approach with qualitative methods. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Inuit participants and used process mapping and thematic analysis. Results: We mapped the journey to receive cancer care and related the findings of client (n = 8) and medical escort (n = 6) (“participant”) interviews in four themes: 1) It is hard to take part in decisions about getting health care; 2) No one explains the decisions you will need to make; 3) There is a duty to make decisions that support family and community; 4) The lack of knowledge impacts opportunities to engage in decision making. Participants described themselves as directed, with little or no support, and seeking opportunities to collaborate with others on the journey to receive cancer care. Conclusions: We describe the journey to receive cancer care as a “decision chain” which can be described as a series of events that lead to receiving cancer care. We identify points in the decision chain that could better prepare Inuit to participate in decisions related to their cancer care. We propose that there are opportunities to build further health care system capacity to support Inuit and enable their participation in decisions related to their cancer care while upholding and incorporating Inuit knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. A review of health and wellness studies involving Inuit of Manitoba and Nunavut.
- Author
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Hayward, Ashley, Cidro, Jaime, Dutton, Rachel, and Passey, Kara
- Subjects
INUIT ,CANADIAN Inuit ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,KNOWLEDGE gap theory ,GRAND strategy (Political science) - Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarise past Inuit health and wellness studies in Manitoba and the Kivalliq region of Nunavut to provide a snapshot of the types of studies available and identify the gaps in knowledge. Research to date has largely been disease-based and often provides comparisons between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. Distinct Inuit experiences are rarely written about from an Inuit perspective. However, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, the national organisation of Inuit in Canada, and Pauktuutit Inuit Women of Canada have been leaders in strengths-based community research and publications that address priorities determined by the Inuit, including the 2018 Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami document National Inuit Strategy on Research (132). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Bold Visions Chart Arctic Agenda at 2030 North Conference.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,CLIMATE change conferences ,SOVEREIGNTY - Abstract
Information about several papers discussed at the 2030 North National Planning Conference in Ottawa, Ontario on June 1-4, 2009 is presented. Topics include the impact of climate change, sovereignty of Canada in the Arctic, and land claims agreement. It notes that the conference is co-sponsored by the Canadian Arctic Research Committee (CARC) and Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK). The conference featured Sheila Watt-Cloutier as keynote speaker.
- Published
- 2009
22. Enigmatic massive sulphide mineralization in the High Arctic Large Igneous Province, Nunavut, Canada1.
- Author
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Wilton, Derek H.C., Saumur, Benoit M., Gordon, Adrian, and Williamson, Marie-Claude
- Subjects
SULFIDE minerals ,IGNEOUS provinces ,PLATINUM group ,SULFIDES ,GEOLOGICAL modeling ,MINERALIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Vitamin D status and intake of lactating Inuit women living in the Canadian Arctic.
- Author
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El Hayek Fares, Jessy and Weiler, Hope A
- Subjects
VITAMIN D ,INUIT ,CHEMILUMINESCENCE assay ,NUTRITIONAL requirements ,FAT ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DIET ,DIETARY supplements ,LACTATION ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,SEASONS ,SURVEYS ,VITAMIN D deficiency ,EVALUATION research ,CROSS-sectional method ,NUTRITIONAL status - Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence and correlates of healthy vitamin D status in lactating Inuit women living in remote regions of the Arctic.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Households were selected randomly in thirty-six communities of Nunavut, Nunatsiavut and Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24 h recall and an FFQ. Anthropometric measurements, household living conditions, supplement use and health status were assessed. In fasting samples, serum 25-hydroxyvitaimn D (25(OH)D) was measured using a chemiluminescent assay (LIAISON; Diasorin Inc.).Subjects: Lactating Inuit women participating in the 2007-2008 International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey conducted in the months of August to October.Results: Among participants (n 34), 8·8, 26·5 and 50·0 % had 25(OH)D concentrations at or above 75, 50 and 40 nmol/l, respectively. More than one-third of participants did not consume traditional foods during the previous day and only 11·3 % of total energy intake was derived from traditional foods. Only 14·7 % of the sample consumed the daily number of milk servings recommended by Canada's Food Guide (two servings) for First Nations, Inuit and Métis. Using multivariable logistic regression to examine 25(OH)D≥40 nmol/l, only higher body fat was inversely correlated with 25(OH)D concentration.Conclusions: The present study is the first to assess simultaneously vitamin D status and other known factors that affect it among lactating Inuit women living in remote communities in the Arctic. Healthy maternal vitamin D status was observed in 25 % of participants during the late summer and early autumn. This requires further assessment in a larger sample spanning more seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Northern exposure.
- Author
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D'SOUZA, Patricia
- Subjects
BANKING industry ,BRANCHES (Business enterprises) ,BULLETIN boards ,FIRES - Abstract
The article focuses on a change in banking in Nunavut communities. Banking is a transaction that involves turning your paycheque over to the Northern store in exchange for credit. Investments and mortgages are a far-off concept, and visiting an actual bank branch involves flying several hundred kilometres to one of the territory's regional centres. On Nov. 5, the Bank of Montreal will close its only branch in the territory of 27,000 after 10 years of service. According to the local paper, the Iqaluit branch turned a profit every year and had 6,000 clients from across the territory. But it "didn't meet financial expectations," says BMO spokesman Michael Edmonds. Iqaluit residents who have mortgages and other long-term investments with BMO will have their accounts moved more than 2,000 kilometres away, to Pembroke, Ont. Even Edmonds concedes the new location is not exactly convenient. The town bulletin board may have been the target of anti-bank resentment in August, when it was set on fire in the middle of the night, triggering a sprinkler system that flooded the bank's foyer. he branch closed for one day, but since then it's been business as usual--until it shuts its doors for the last time in November.
- Published
- 2004
25. U-Pb zircon geochronology and depositional history of the Montresor group, Rae Province, Nunavut, Canada.
- Author
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Percival, John A., Davis, William J., and Hamilton, Michael A.
- Subjects
URANIUM-lead dating ,GEOCHRONOMETRY ,ZIRCON analysis ,SEDIMENTATION & deposition ,ARENITES ,GEOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Newly identified 'Tunnunik' impact structure, Prince Albert Peninsula, northwestern Victoria Island, Arctic Canada.
- Author
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DEWING, Keith, PRATT, Brian R., HADLARI, Thomas, BRENT, Tom, BÉDARD, Jean, and RAINBIRD, Robert H.
- Subjects
GEOLOGICAL mapping ,PROTEROZOIC Era ,CARBONATE rocks ,GEOLOGIC faults ,ORDOVICIAN Period ,PENINSULAS - Abstract
Regional geological mapping of the glaciated surface of northwestern Victoria Island in the western Canadian Arctic revealed an anomalous structure in otherwise flat-lying Neoproterozoic and lower Paleozoic carbonate rocks, located south of Richard Collinson Inlet. The feature is roughly circular in plan view, approximately 25 km in diameter, and characterized by quaquaversal dips of approximately 45°, decreasing laterally. The core of the feature also exhibits local vertical dips, low-angle reverse faults, and drag folds. Although brecciation was not observed, shatter cones are pervasive in all lithologies in the central area, including 723 Ma old dikes that penetrate Neoproterozoic limestones. Their abundance decreases distally, and none was observed in surrounding, horizontally bedded strata. This circular structure is interpreted as a deeply eroded meteorite impact crater of the complex type, and the dipping strata as the remnants of the central uplift. The variation in orientation and shape of shatter cones point to variably oriented stresses with the passage of the shock wave, possibly related to the presence of pore water in the target strata as well as rock type and lithological heterogeneities, especially bed thickness. Timing of impact is poorly constrained. The youngest rocks affected are Late Ordovician (approximately 450 Ma) and the impact structure is mantled by undisturbed postglacial sediments. Regional, hydrothermal dolomitization of the Ordovician limestones, possibly in the Late Devonian (approximately 360 Ma), took place before the impact, and widespread WSW- ENE-trending normal faults of probable Early Cretaceous age (approximately 130 Ma) apparently cross-cut the impact structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Metallogeny of the Marco zone, Corvet Est, disseminated gold deposit, James Bay, Quebec, Canada.
- Subjects
METALLOGENY ,GOLD ,SEDIMENTATION & deposition ,PORPHYRY ,FELDSPAR ,AMPHIBOLITES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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28. Comparative survival and recovery of Ross's and lesser snow geese from Canada's central arctic.
- Author
-
Traylor, Joshua J., Alisauskas, Ray T., Slattery, Stuart M., and Drake, Kiel L.
- Subjects
GEESE ,BIRD populations ,SNOW goose ,ANIMAL population density ,SURVIVAL behavior (Animals) - Abstract
Large increases in several populations of North American arctic geese have resulted in ecosystem-level effects from associated herbivory. Consequently, some breeding populations have shown density dependence in recruitment through declines in food availability. Differences in population trajectories of lesser snow geese ( Chen caerulescens caerulescens; hereafter snow geese) and Ross's geese ( C. rossii) breeding in mixed-species colonies south of Queen Maud Gulf (QMG), in Canada's central arctic, suggest that density dependence may be limiting snow goose populations. Specifically, long-term declines in age ratios (immature:adult) of harvested snow geese may have resulted from declines in juvenile survival. Thus, we focused on juvenile (first-year) survival of snow and Ross's geese in relation to timing of reproduction (annual mean nest initiation date) and late summer weather. We banded Ross's and snow geese from 1991 to 2008 in the QMG Migratory Bird Sanctuary. We used age-structured mark-recapture models to estimate annual survival rates for adults and juveniles from recoveries of dead birds. Consistent with life history differences, juvenile snow geese survived at rates higher than juvenile Ross's geese. Juvenile survival of both species also was lower in late seasons, but was unrelated to arctic weather measured during a 17-day period after banding. We found no evidence of density dependence (i.e., a decline in juvenile survival over time) in either species. We also found no interspecific differences in age-specific hunting vulnerability, though juveniles were more vulnerable than adults in both species, as expected. Thus, interspecific differences in survival were unrelated to harvest. Lower survival of juvenile Ross's geese may result from natural migration mortality related to smaller body size (e.g., greater susceptibility to inclement weather or predation) compared to juvenile snow geese. Despite lower first-year survival, recruitment by Ross's geese may still be greater than that by snow geese because of earlier sexual maturity, greater breeding propensity, and higher nest success by Ross's geese. © 2012 The Wildlife Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Olenelloid trilobites from Cambrian Series 2 of Devon Island, Nunavut, Arctic Canada.
- Author
-
Peel, John S. and Jin, Jisuo
- Subjects
TRILOBITES ,ANIMAL species ,GEOLOGICAL formations ,ROBUST control - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
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30. Movements of Wolves at the Northern Extreme of the Species' Range, Including during Four Months of Darkness.
- Author
-
Mech, L. David and Cluff, H. Dean
- Subjects
WOLVES ,GLOBAL Positioning System ,MUSKOX ,ISLANDS - Abstract
Information about wolf (Canis lupus) movements anywhere near the northern extreme of the species' range in the High Arctic (>75uN latitude) are lacking. There, wolves prey primarily on muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) and must survive 4 months of 24 hr/day winter darkness and temperatures reaching 253 C. The extent to which wolves remain active and prey on muskoxen during the dark period are unknown, for the closest area where information is available about winter wolf movements is >2,250 km south. We studied a pack of ⩾20 wolves on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada (80uN latitude) from July 2009 through mid-April 2010 by collaring a lead wolf with a Global Positioning System (GPS)/Argos radio collar. The collar recorded the wolf's precise locations at 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. daily and transmitted the locations by satellite to our email. Straight-line distances between consecutive 12-hr locations varied between 0 and 76 km. Mean (SE) linear distance between consecutive locations (n = 554) was 11 (0.5) km. Total minimum distance traveled was 5,979 km, and total area covered was 6,640 km2, the largest wolf range reported. The wolf and presumably his pack once made a 263-km (straight-line distance) foray to the southeast during 19-28 January 2010, returning 29 January to 1 February at an average of 41 km/day straight-line distances between 12-hr locations. This study produced the first detailed movement information about any large mammal in the High Arctic, and the average movements during the dark period did not differ from those afterwards. Wolf movements during the dark period in the highest latitudes match those of the other seasons and generally those of wolves in lower latitudes, and, at least with the gross movements measurable by our methods, the 4-month period without direct sunlight produced little change in movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. A Race to the Top: Oil & Gas Exploration in the Canadian Arctic.
- Author
-
Kuzik, Michael
- Subjects
PETROLEUM prospecting ,OIL fields ,OFFSHORE oil well drilling & the environment ,OFFSHORE oil well drilling ,BP Deepwater Horizon Explosion & Oil Spill, 2010 ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis - Abstract
The article focuses on the climactic, economic, and political realities of oil and gas exploration and development in the Canadian Arctic. The author suggests that potential oil or gas discoveries does not mean the economics or the environmental costs justify the efforts in getting the product to the markets. It mentions that the country has enforced a moratorium on off shore drilling due to the risks it brings like the massive 2010 Macondo deep water oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It mentions several changes that Canada has to do before exploiting its oil and gas in the North including the ability to control the Northwest Passage, and requiring of a requisite shipping facilities and monitoring systems.
- Published
- 2011
32. A FLORISTIC COMPARISON OF SEAWEEDS FROM JAMES BAY AND THREE CONTIGUOUS NORTHEASTERN CANADIAN ARCTIC SITES.
- Author
-
Mathieson, Arthur C., Moore, Gregg E., and Short, Frederick T.
- Subjects
MARINE algae ,MARINE ecology ,SALINITY - Abstract
The seaweed flora from James Bay, Canada is compared with three contiguous northeastern Canadian Arctic areas (Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, and the Ellesmere-Baffin Islands area extending northward to the Arctic Ocean). A conspicuous reduction pattern was evident with 131 taxa recorded for the Ellesmere-Baffin Islands area, 106 for Hudson Strait, 81 from Hudson Bay, and 44 in James Bay. The Ellesmere-Baffin Islands area has a more rocky open coastal environment and higher salinities than James Bay, which is more highly sedimented and impacted by hydroelectric development and freshwater discharge. The Ellesmere-Baffin Islands area (∼32-30.5%) has a higher mean number of shared taxa (90.0 ± 18.4 SE) than James Bay (37.6 ± 2.7 SE), while Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay have intermediate values of 78 ± 14.1 SE and 64 ± 9.2 SE, respectively. The combined flora from the four areas consists of 164 taxa, including 49 red, 65 brown, 1 chrysophyte, and 49 green algae. Fifty of these total taxa (31%) were only found in one area, with 25 occurring between Ellesmere Island and Baffin Island, 13 within the Strait proper, and 6 in both Hudson and James Bays. Strong habitat and salinity gradients, as well as the great distances between collection sites and the haphazard nature of collections may have contributed to these restrictive patterns. Cheney's (1977) floristic ratio documents that all four geographies (including their composite flora) have cold water floras. Four new distributional records are documented from James Bay: Chaetomorpha minima, Elachista fucicola, Phyllophora pseudoceranoides, and Spyridia filamentosa. The cryptogenic taxon Spyridia, which has unclear origins, is a warm-water disjunct in the northwestern Atlantic previously known only from one site in Nova Scotia and a few locations in southern Maine/New Hampshire but mostly south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. A single introduced species (Dumontia contorta from Europe) is recorded from James Bay and the Ellesmere-Baffin Islands area, while none are documented from the other areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Early Devonian stylonurine eurypterids from Arctic Canada.
- Author
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Lamsdell, James C., Braddy, Simon J., Loeffler, Elizabeth J., and Dineley, David L.
- Subjects
ISLANDS ,FLUVIAL geomorphology ,GEOMORPHOLOGY ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL finds - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2010
34. Ikajarutit: delivering legislative library services in an Inuktitut language environment.
- Author
-
Earle, Yvonne
- Subjects
LIBRARIES & state ,CANADIAN languages ,LANGUAGE & culture ,COLLECTION development in libraries ,LIBRARIES ,INUKTITUT language ,CANADIAN politics & government - Abstract
Copyright of IFLA Journal is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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35. Holocene and Last Interglacial cloudiness in eastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada.
- Author
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Fréchette, Bianca, de Vernal, Anne, and Richard, Pierre J. H.
- Subjects
HOLOCENE stratigraphic geology ,BIOTIC communities ,TUNDRAS ,UPPER air temperature ,PLANT diversity ,SEDIMENTS - Abstract
This study presents Last Interglacial and Holocene vegetation and climate changes at Fog Lake (67°11′N, 63°15′W) on eastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada. The vegetation cover is reported as vegetation structural types (or biomes). July air temperature and sunshine during the growing season (June–July–August–September) were reconstructed from pollen assemblages using the modern analogue technique. The vegetation of the Last Interglacial period evolved from a prostrate dwarf-shrub tundra to a low- and high-shrub tundra vegetation. The succession of four Arctic biomes was distinguished from the Last Interglacial sediments, whereas only one Arctic biome was recorded in the Holocene sediments. From ca. 8300 cal. years BP to present, hemiprostrate dwarf-shrub tundra occupied the soils around Fog Lake. During the Last Interglacial, growing season sunshine was higher than during the Holocene and July air temperature was 4 to 5 °C warmer than present. A principal component analysis helped in assessing relationship between floristic gradients and climate. The major vegetation changes through the Last Interglacial and Holocene were driven by July air temperature variations, whereas the minor, or subtle, vegetation changes seem rather correlated to September sunshine. This study demonstrates that growing season sunshine conditions can be reconstructed from Arctic pollen assemblages, thus providing information on feedbacks associated with cloud cover and summer temperatures, and therefore growing season length. Cette étude présente les changements climatiques et de végétation survenus au cours du dernier interglaciaire et de l’Holocène au lac Fog (67°11′N, 63°15′O), sur la côte est de la Terre de Baffin, dans l’Arctique canadien. La couverture végétale est décrite sous forme de biomes, c.-à-d. de structures de végétation. La température de l’air en juillet et l’ensoleillement lors de la saison de croissance (juin, juillet, août, septembre) ont été reconstitués à partir d’assemblages polliniques selon la méthode des analogues modernes. La végétation de la dernière période interglaciaire a évolué d’une toundra arbustive naine, prostrée à une toundra arbustive basse et haute. Une succession de quatre biomes est visible dans les sédiments du dernier interglaciaire, alors qu’un seul biome est observé dans les sédiments de l’Holocène. Une toundra arbustive hémiprostrée colonize les sols des environs du lac Fog depuis environ 8300 années. Au cours du dernier interglaciaire, l’ensoleillement durant de la saison de croissance était plus élevé que lors de l’Holocène et la température de juillet était de 4 à 5 °C plus chaude qu’actuellement. Une analyse en composantes principales a permis d’évaluer la relation entre les gradients floristiques et le climat. Les changements majeurs de végétation lors du dernier interglaciaire et de l’Holocène découlent principalement des variations de la température de juillet, alors que les changements de végétation plus subtils sont plutôt liés à l’ensoleillement en septembre. Cette étude démontre que les conditions d’ensoleillement lors de la saison de croissance peuvent être déduites à partir des assemblages polliniques des sédiments de l’Arctique, fournissant ainsi de l’information pertinente sur les rétroactions associées au couvert nuageux et aux températures estivales et donc sur la durée de la saison de croissance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. On the Glaciers of Bylot Island, Nunavut, Arctic Canada.
- Author
-
Dowdeswell, E. K., Dowdeswell, J. A., and Cawkwell, F.
- Subjects
GLACIERS ,SURGING glaciers ,REMOTE sensing ,LANDSAT satellites ,MELTWATER ,MORAINES ,GLACIAL landforms ,GLOBAL warming - Abstract
The present extent of glacier ice on Bylot Island, Arctic Canada, is mapped using high-resolution Landsat 7 ETM+ satellite imagery. The island is 43% ice covered, with 4783 km² of ice. Most ice is centered on the northwest-southeast--trending Byam Martin Mountains, flowing outward as radial valley glaciers and piedmont lobes. The largest glacier is 49 km long and 6.5 km wide. The majority of glaciers terminate on land, but many have margins ending in lakes and two calve into the sea. The late summer snowline, mapped from satellite imagery, is highest along the southern and central parts of the island at about 1050 m, with lower values along the east-northeastern margin of the ice down to about 700 m. These snowline-elevation differences suggest a predominant moisture source from the northeast. Several valley glaciers and piedmont lobes have deformed medial moraines and ice-surface foliation suggesting past surge activity. Ten glaciers are interpreted to be of possible surgetype. The modern extent of glaciers is compared with that of two earlier time intervals. First, we have mapped glacier margins in several areas of Bylot Island from aerial photographs acquired in 1958 and 1961. Secondly, former positions of ice fronts are mapped from moraine systems deposited during the Neoglacial maximum and identified on satellite data. Glaciers have retreated from 0.9 to 1.8 km since the Neoglacial maximum about 120 years ago, with most retreat occurring between 1958/1961 and 2001. Approximately 253 km² or 5% of the 1958/1961 ice-covered area has been lost. Overall, marked glacier retreat has occurred, although a few glaciers, possibly of surge-type, show small readvances. This retreat is consistent with observed climate warming in the Canadian Arctic, especially since the 1960s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Environmental Gradients, Fragmented Habitats, and Microbiota of a Northern Ice Shelf Cryoecosystem, Ellesmere Island, Canada.
- Author
-
Mueller, Derek R., Vincent, Warwick F., and Jeffries, Martin O.
- Subjects
ICE ,HABITATS ,MICROBIAL ecology - Abstract
Over the course of the last century, the 9000-km² "Ellesmere Ice Shelf" (82-83°N, 64-90°W) fragmented into six main ice shelves now totaling 1043 km². This ensemble of thick ice environments lies along the northern coast of Ellesmere Island in the Canadian High Arctic and provides a cryohabitat for microbial communities that occur in association with eolian and glacially entrained sediments on the ice surface. We undertook a comparative analysis of physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of five of the remnant ice shelves including geographic information system (GIS) mapping of ice types. Each of these remnants is a thick (<20 m) mass of ice with substantial sediment overburden that promotes the formation of oligotrophic meltwaters in the summer. Microbiota occurred in all sampled sediment, forming a continuum of abundance from sparse to loosely cohesive and pigmented microbial mats. Using digital images from over-flight transects we determined that 8% of the combined ice-shelf area was suitable microbial mat habitat, and contained an estimated 34 Gg of organic matter stocks for the entire system. A gradient of increasing chlorophyll a, organic content, and conductivity was found from west to east. This is likely related to the surface ice type (meteoric versus marine) and to the relative availability of sediment. Our results indicate that differences in phototrophic community structure (microalgae and cyanobacterial morphotypes) were associated with different ice and microbial mat types. In addition, the relative abundance of dominant taxa was significantly associated with environmental gradients of conductivity, soluble reactive phosphorus, and nitrate and ammonium concentrations. There were distinct differences between each ice shelf with regards to ice type and sediment availability but no differences in taxonomic richness or diversity, indicating little effect of habitat fragmentation on these community attributes. However, the ensemble of ice shelves that compose this unique cryoecosystem remains vulnerable to habitat attrition and complete loss with ongoing climate warming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. A preliminary radiolarian biozonation for the Lower Silurian of the Cape Phillips Formation, Nunavut, Canada.
- Author
-
MacDonald, Eugene W.
- Subjects
EARTH sciences ,RADIOLARIA ,SILURIAN stratigraphic geology ,CORONAGRAPHS ,GRAPTOLITES ,ORDOVICIAN stratigraphic geology ,TOMOGRAPHY - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. The brachymetopid trilobite Radnoria in the Silurian (Wenlock) of New York State and Arctic Canada.
- Author
-
Adrain, Jonathan M. and Tetreault, Denis K.
- Subjects
TRILOBITES ,SILURIAN stratigraphic geology ,CHEST (Anatomy) ,SPECIES ,NAMES ,GEOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Cosmogenic exposure dating in arctic glacial landscapes: implications for the glacial history of northeastern Baffin Island, Arctic Canada.
- Author
-
Briner, Jason P., Miller, Gifford H., Davis, P. Thompson, and Finkel, Robert C.
- Subjects
GLACIERS ,ICE sheets ,GLACIOLOGY ,ICE fields - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Late Holocene syngenetic ice-wedge polygons development, Bylot Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
- Author
-
Fortier, Daniel and Allard, Michel
- Subjects
HOLOCENE paleoceanography ,ICE-wedge polygons ,PATTERNED ground - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Sm–Nd fluorite dating of Proterozoic low-sulfidation epithermal Au–Ag deposits and U–Pb zircon dating of host rocks at Mallery Lake, Nunavut, Canada.
- Author
-
Turner, William A., Heaman, Larry M., and Creaser, Robert A.
- Subjects
ZIRCON ,FLUORITE ,URANIUM - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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43. Early Eocene Leptictida, Pantolesta, Creodonta, Carnivora, and Mesonychidae (Mammalia) from the Eureka Sound Group, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut.
- Author
-
Eberle, Jaelyn J and McKenna, Malcolm C
- Subjects
LEPTICTIDAE ,MESONYCHIDAE ,FOSSILS - Abstract
We describe the leptictid Prodiacodon; the pantolestids Palaeosinopa sp.nov., cf. Palaeosinopa, and Pantolestidae, gen. et sp. indet.; the creodonts Palaeonictis and Prolimnocyon; the carnivorans Viverravus, cf. Vulpavus, and Miacis; and the mesonychid Pachyaena from early Eocene (i.e., Wasatchian) strata of the Eureka Sound Group on central Ellesmere Island, Nunavut. Palaeosinopa and Palaeonictis may have originated in mid-latitude North America and subsequently migrated to Europe via a north Atlantic land bridge, while Prolimnocyon and Pachyaena probably originated in Asia. Additionally, the occurrence of Pachyaena in the Early Eocene of Europe probably is best explained by dispersal from high-latitude North America to Europe via a north Atlantic land bridge. We update the Eureka Sound Group mammalian faunal list.Nous décrivons le leptictidé Prodiacondon, les pantolestidés Palaeosinopa sp.nov. cf. Palaeosinopa et Pantolestidae, gen et sp. indét.; les Créodontes Palaeonictis et Prolimnocyon; les Carnivores Viverravus, cf. Vulpavus et Miacis; ainsi que le mésonychidé Pachyaena provenant des strates du Groupe de Eureka Sound, au centre de l'île Ellesmere, au Nunavut, et datant de l'Éocène précoce (c.-à-d. Wasatchien). Palaeosinopa et Palaeonictis peuvent provenir de latitudes moyennes de l'Amérique du Nord et avoir migré par la suite vers l'Europe par un pont continental nord-américain, alors que Prolimnocyon et Pachyaena peuvent être originaires de l'Asie. De plus, la venue de Pachyaena à l'Éocène précoce en Europe est probablement le mieux expliqué par une dispersion de l'Amérique du Nord vers l'Europe à des latitudes élevées par un pont continental nord-américain. Nous mettons à jour la liste de la faune mammifère du détroit d'Eureka.[Traduit par la Rédaction] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Eutrophication and recovery in the High Arctic: Meretta Lake (Cornwallis Island, Nunavut, Canada) revisited.
- Author
-
Douglas, Marianne S.V. and Smol, John P.
- Subjects
LAKES ,EUTROPHICATION - Abstract
Studies the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Meretta Lake in Cornwallis Island, Nunavut, between 1992 and 1999 to determine its rate of eutrophication. Media through which the lake has been receiving sewage since 1949; Decline in nutrient concentrations of the lake; Decrease in eutrophication of the lake during 1990s.
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. An Early Pliocene Hipparionine Horse from the Canadian Arctic.
- Author
-
Hulbert, Jr, Richard C. and Harington, C. Richard
- Subjects
HORSES ,VERTEBRATES - Abstract
A partial skull of a juvenile hipparionine equid from Ellesmere Island, Canada, is the northernmost fossil record of a horse (78° 33' N). Biostratigraphical analysis of the associated fossil biota suggests an age of 3.5 to 4 Ma (early Pliocene). Preserved facial characteristics of the equid include a very reduced preorbital fossa located posterior to the infraorbital foramen. The deciduous premolars have low crown heights, complex fossette plications, multiple pli caballins, and oval, isolated protocones. The teeth are quite large, corresponding to an adult with a tooth row length of c. 150 mm. This combination of facial and dental characteristics and large size is not observed in any contemporaneous North American hipparionine, but is instead found in some Asiatic hipparionines, most notably
Plesiohipparion . If the resemblance is not a result of convergence, then this represents the first record of an Old World hipparionine dispersing to North America. Alternatively, the specimen may represent a hitherto unknown, high-latitude hipparionine clade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. A New Late Silurian or Early Devonian Thelodont from the Boothia Peninsula, Arctic Canada.
- Author
-
Märss, T.
- Subjects
VERTEBRATES ,PALEONTOLOGY - Abstract
Isolated scales of
Boothialepis thorsteinssoni gen. et sp. nov. are described from a fossiliferous calcareous dolomite at the base of the Somerset Island Formation of the Boothia Peninsula, Arctic Canada. A new family, Boothialepididae (Thelodonti), is established on features of the scale morphology and histology. The new genus and species are distinguished by characteristics of crown sculpture, neck, and unusual size of the base. Two other thelodonts,Nikolivia elongata Karatajūtė-Talimaa andCanonia grossi Vieth, and an acanthodian,Poracanthodes sp., are described from the same stratigraphical level. Thelodonts have not previously been described from the Boothia Peninsula. Conodont-based correlation indicates a Late Silurian age for the base of the Somerset Island Formation on the Boothia Peninsula. Correlation of the beds with precisely dated microvertebrates in the Read Bay section on Cornwallis Island enables the age of the horizon with the new species to be determined as Early Devonian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. PARADISE.
- Author
-
Bray, Chris
- Subjects
ADVENTURE travel ,SAFARIS ,ADVENTURE & adventurers ,CARIBOU ,BEARS - Abstract
The article presents the author's experience of traveling more than 1000 kilometer across Victoria Island, Canada. Victoria Island is a paradise usually overlooked by adventurers heading for more popular adventure destinations such as Greenland or the North Pole. In winter, it's encased in frozen seas. In summer, the largely unexplored island teems with incredible wildlife. It offered endless possibilities for two young students who get claustrophobic when confined to their own comfort zones. The region is so rarely visited that the animals, who came across the author and his friend had no idea what to make of them. Migrating vees of geese, ducks and swans flew from the horizon to circle above their heads, honking excitedly. Musk ox and caribou were visibly torn between curiosity and fear at the sight of strangers, gradually edging closer until they'd spook themselves and thunder off. Beneath the tent one night, a lemming snuggled under the author's neck lapping up the warmth.
- Published
- 2006
48. On the Wild Side.
- Author
-
Swift, E. M.
- Subjects
HOCKEY players ,INUIT ,ESKIMOS - Abstract
The storm has passed, leaving Hudson Bay--at least that portion surrounding the little town of Rankin Inlet--as flat and gray as milled slate. If he sticks with the big club after training camp, Jordin Tootoo, already the most famous citizen in Rankin Inlet will become the first Inuk and first resident of Nunavut to play in the National Hockey League (NHL). Eighty-five percent of those residents are Inuit--Eskimos to Barney's generation--people who have traditionally lived off the land by fishing for cod and arctic char, and hunting caribou, seals, whales, geese, ducks and even polar bears. Since the mid-1980s Rankin Inlet has had a covered outdoor hockey arena that seats 1,500, but there is no refrigeration system to keep the ice frozen.
- Published
- 2003
49. Assessing the Performance of Methods for Monitoring Ice Phenology of the World's Largest High Arctic Lake Using High-Density Time Series Analysis of Sentinel-1 Data.
- Author
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Murfitt, Justin and Duguay, Claude R.
- Subjects
SYNTHETIC aperture radar ,PHENOLOGY ,DATA analysis ,ICE on rivers, lakes, etc. ,ICE - Abstract
Lake ice is a dominant component of Canada's landscape and can act as an indicator for how freshwater aquatic ecosystems are changing with warming climates. While lake ice monitoring through government networks has decreased in the last three decades, the increased availability of remote sensing images can help to provide consistent spatial and temporal coverage for areas with annual ice cover. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data are commonly used for lake ice monitoring, due to the acquisition of images in any condition (time of day or weather). Using Sentinel-1 A/B images, a high-density time series of SAR images was developed for Lake Hazen in Nunavut, Canada, from 2015–2018. These images were used to test two different methods of monitoring lake ice phenology: one method using the first difference between SAR images and another that applies the Otsu segmentation method. Ice phenology dates determined from the two methods were compared with visual interpretation of the Sentinel-1 images. Mean errors for the pixel comparison of the first difference method ranged 3–10 days for ice-on and ice-off, while average error values for the Otsu method ranged 2–10 days. Mean errors for comparisons of different sections of the lake ranged 0–15 days for the first difference method and 2–17 days for the Otsu method. This research demonstrates the value of temporally consistent image acquisition for improving the accuracy of lake ice monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Bridging Indigenous and science-based knowledge in coastal and marine research, monitoring, and management in Canada.
- Author
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Alexander, Steven M., Provencher, Jennifer F., Henri, Dominique A., Taylor, Jessica J., Lloren, Jed Immanuel, Nanayakkara, Lushani, Johnson, Jay T., and Cooke, Steven J.
- Subjects
TRADITIONAL knowledge ,TRADITIONAL ecological knowledge ,COMMUNITY-based participatory research ,ADAPTIVE natural resource management ,SEARCH engines ,RAIN forests - Abstract
Background: Drawing upon multiple types of knowledge (e.g., Indigenous knowledge, local knowledge, science-based knowledge) strengthens the evidence-base for policy advice, decision making, and environmental management. While the benefits of incorporating multiple types of knowledge in environmental research and management are many, doing so has remained a challenge. This systematic map examined the extent, range, and nature of the published literature (i.e., commercially published and grey) that seeks to respectively bridge Indigenous and science-based knowledge in coastal and marine research and management in Canada. Methods: This systematic map applied standardized search terms across four databases focused on commercially published literature, carefully selected specialist websites, and two web-based search engines. In addition, reference sections of relevant review articles were cross-checked to identify articles that may not have been found using the search strategy. Search results were screened in two sequential stages; (1) at title and abstract; and (2) at full text following a published protocol. All case studies included were coded using a standard questionnaire. A narrative synthesis approach was used to identify trends in the evidence, knowledge gaps, and knowledge clusters. Results: A total of 62 articles that spanned 71 Canadian case studies were included in the systematic map. Studies across the coastal and marine regions of Inuit Nunangat accounted for the majority of the studies. Whether the focus is on management and decision making or research and monitoring, the predominant ecological scale was at the species level, accounting for over two-thirds of the included studies. There were 24 distinct coastal and marine species of central focus across the studies. Nunavut had the greatest taxonomic coverage as studies conducted to date cover 13 different genera. The predominant methodology employed for combining and/or including Indigenous knowledge was case study design, which accounted for over half of the studies. Other methodologies employed for combining and/or including different ways of knowing included: (i) community-based participatory research; (ii) mixed methods; (iii) ethnography; and (iv) simulation modelling. There are a suite of methods utilized for documenting and translating Indigenous knowledge and an equally diverse tool box of methods used in the collection of scientific data. Over half of the case studies involved Indigenous knowledge systems of the Inuit, while another significant proportion involved Indigenous knowledge systems of First Nations, reflecting 21 unique nations. We found that demographics of knowledge holders were generally not reported in the articles reviewed. Conclusions: The results of this systematic map provide key insights to inform and improve future research. First, a variety of methodologies and methods are used in these types of studies. Therefore, there is a need to consider in more detail how Indigenous and science-based knowledge systems can be respectively bridged across subjects while also recognizing specific place-based needs of Indigenous communities. Second, the work highlights the need to better report the demographics of knowledge holders. Further inquiry focused on the extent of knowledge co-production and assessing Indigenous participation across different stages of the research process would serve the research community well to improve future research and monitoring in support of, and to strengthen, evidence-based environmental management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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