31 results on '"Khachatryan, Naira"'
Search Results
2. Effectiveness and safety of modified fully oral 9-month treatment regimens for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study
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Korotych, Oleksandr, Achar, Jay, Gurbanova, Elmira, Hovhannesyan, Arax, Lomtadze, Nino, Ciobanu, Ana, Skrahina, Alena, Dravniece, Gunta, Kuksa, Liga, Rich, Michael, Khachatryan, Naira, Germanovych, Myroslava, Kadyrov, Abdullat, Terleieva, Iana, Akhundova, Irada, Adenov, Malik, Durdyeva, Myahri, Kiria, Nana, Parpieva, Nargiza, Yatskevich, Natalia, Jumayev, Rovshen, Nurov, Rustam, Diktanas, Saulius, Vilc, Valentina, Migliori, Giovanni Battista, and Yedilbayev, Askar
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- 2024
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3. A multi-cohort genome-wide association study in African ancestry individuals reveals risk loci for primary open-angle glaucoma
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Verma, Shefali S., Gudiseva, Harini V., Chavali, Venkata R.M., Salowe, Rebecca J., Bradford, Yuki, Guare, Lindsay, Lucas, Anastasia, Collins, David W., Vrathasha, Vrathasha, Nair, Rohini M., Rathi, Sonika, Zhao, Bingxin, He, Jie, Lee, Roy, Zenebe-Gete, Selam, Bowman, Anita S., McHugh, Caitlin P., Zody, Michael C., Pistilli, Maxwell, Khachatryan, Naira, Daniel, Ebenezer, Murphy, Windell, Henderer, Jeffrey, Kinzy, Tyler G., Iyengar, Sudha K., Peachey, Neal S., Taylor, Kent D., Guo, Xiuqing, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Zangwill, Linda, Girkin, Christopher, Ayyagari, Radha, Liebmann, Jeffrey, Chuka-Okosa, Chimd M., Williams, Susan E., Akafo, Stephen, Budenz, Donald L., Olawoye, Olusola O., Ramsay, Michele, Ashaye, Adeyinka, Akpa, Onoja M., Aung, Tin, Wiggs, Janey L., Ross, Ahmara G., Cui, Qi N., Addis, Victoria, Lehman, Amanda, Miller-Ellis, Eydie, Sankar, Prithvi S., Williams, Scott M., Ying, Gui-shuang, Cooke Bailey, Jessica, Rotter, Jerome I., Weinreb, Robert, Khor, Chiea Chuen, Hauser, Michael A., Ritchie, Marylyn D., and O’Brien, Joan M.
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- 2024
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4. Use of Immunosuppression and the Risk of Subsequent Overall or Cancer Mortality
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Kempen, John H., Newcomb, Craig W., Washington, Terri L., Foster, C. Stephen, Sobrin, Lucia, Thorne, Jennifer E., Jabs, Douglas A., Suhler, Eric B., Rosenbaum, James T., Sen, H. Nida, Levy-Clarke, Grace A., Nussenblatt, Robert B., Bhatt, Nirali P., Lowder, Careen Y., Goldstein, Debra A., Leiderman, Yannek I., Acharya, Nisha R., Holland, Gary N., Read, Russell W., Dunn, James P., Dreger, Kurt A., Artornsombudh, Pichaporn, Begum, Hosne A., Fitzgerald, Tonetta D., Kothari, Srishti, Payal, Abhishek R., Daniel, Ebenezer, Gangaputra, Sapna S., Kaçmaz, R. Oktay, Liesegang, Teresa L., Pujari, Siddharth S., Khachatryan, Naira, Maghsoudlou, Armin, Suga, Hilkiah K., Pak, Clara M., Helzlsouer, Kathy J., and Buchanich, Jeanine M.
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- 2023
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5. Availability and costs of medicines for the treatment of tuberculosis in Europe
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Hasan Hafizi, Khachatryan, Naira, Aroyan, Harut, Kabasakalyan, Eduard, Knappik, Michael, Skrahina, Alena, Klimuk, Dzmitry, Nikolenka, Alena, Muylle, Inge, Milanov, Vladimir, Velkovska, Desislava, Tarinska, Neli, Bachiyska, Elizabeta, Jankovic, Mateja, Pieridou, Despo, Adamide, Tonia, Nicolaou, Nicos, Vasakova, Martina, Sukholytka, Mariia, Kopeckà, Emilia, Folkvardsen, Dorte Bek, Svensson, Erik, Danilovits, Manfred, Kummik, Tiina, Vasankari, Tuula, Fréchet-Jachym, Mathilde, Nahmiash, Audrey, Togonidze, Tamar, Avaliani, Zaza, Kinkladze, Inga, Aspindzelashvili, Rusudan, Bichashvili, Teona, Losaberidze, Gulnazi, Merabishvili, Tsitsino, Kalsdorf, Barbara, Manika, Katerina, Tsiakitzis, Karyofyllis, Bakos, Agnes, Ægisdóttir, Tinna Rán, Michelsen, Guðrún Svanhvít, Karlsdóttir, Kristín, McLaughlin, Anne-Marie, Fitzgibbon, Margaret, Chemtob, Daniel, Codecasa, Luigi R., Ferrarese, Maurizio, Torri, Stefania, Gjocaj, Majlinda, Kuksa, Liga, Davidaviciene, Edita, Wirtz, Gil, Perrin, Monique, Asciak, Analita Pace, Chesov, Dumitri, de Lange, Wiel, Akkerman, Onno, Poposka, Biljana Ilievska, Mack, Ulrich, Jensenius, Mogens, Kvalvik, Lajla, Mengshoel, Anne Torunn, Kruczak, Katarzyna, Duarte, Raquel, Ribeiro, Nadine, Ibraim, Elmira, Kaluzhenina, Anna, Barkanova, Olga, Pesut, Dragica, Solovic, Ivan, Svetina, Petra, Souza-Galvão, Maria-Luiza de, Millet, Joan-Pau, Casas, Xavi, Vives, Montserrat, Bruchfeld, Judith, Dalemo, Paulina, Jonsson, Jerker, Aeschbacher, Katrin, Keller, Peter, Özkara, Seref, Tiberi, Simon, Chen, Christabelle, Terleeva, Yana, Dudnyk, Andrii, Günther, Gunar, Guglielmetti, Lorenzo, Leu, Claude, Lange, Christoph, and van Leth, Frank
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- 2023
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6. The safety of modified, all-oral shorter tuberculosis regimens in Armenia.
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Atshemyan, Hakob, Khachatryan, Naira, Khachatryan, Anush, and Mirzoyan, Narine
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DRUG therapy for tuberculosis , *PERIPHERAL neuropathy , *ANEMIA , *COMBINATION drug therapy , *PATIENT safety , *DRUG side effects , *RESEARCH funding , *TREATMENT duration , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *DRUG efficacy , *JOINT pain , *RIFAMPIN , *DRUG resistance , *PATIENT aftercare , *EVALUATION , *DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The implementation of modified, all-oral shorter regimens for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis has started in Armenia since August 2020 under the conditions of operational research. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of shorter regimens. METHODS: We evaluated cumulative incidence rates of serious adverse events, adverse events of grade 3 and greater and events resulting in treatment modifications or suspension for 52 study participants. RESULTS: A new, different pattern of adverse events emerged compared with the previous evaluations of drug safety of treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Arthralgia (23.1%) and peripheral neuropathy (21.2%) took leading positions among the adverse events resulting in modifications of treatment. Some adverse events of interest (prolonged QT interval, elevated liver enzymes and anemia) remained relevant for the patients receiving new combinations of anti-TB drugs. The other adverse events (impaired hearing, acute kidney injury and hypokalemia) lost their significance for safety surveillance of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment. One unexpected serious adverse event (lymphoproliferative skin lesion) brought to a "failed treatment" outcome. The other serious adverse event was anemia. CONCLUSION: The shorter regimens proved to be safe and effective for treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, but proper follow-up of adverse events is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Cataract Blindness in Armenia: The Results of Nationwide Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB).
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Giloyan, Aida, Khachatryan, Naira, Paduca, Ala, Limburg, Hans, and Petrosyan, Varduhi
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CATARACT , *BLINDNESS , *CATARACT surgery , *POPULATION aging - Abstract
This study assessed the prevalence of cataract blindness, cataract surgical coverage (CSC), effective CSC, visual outcome after cataract surgery, and barriers to cataract surgery in a population aged 50 years and older in Armenia using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) methodology. The study sample included 2258 individuals aged 50 years and older who were randomly selected from 11 provinces of Armenia in 2019 following the RAAB methodology. The study team randomly selected 50 clusters, 50 people in each. The RAAB survey form was used to collect information on cataract blindness, visual outcome after cataract surgery, and barriers to cataract surgery. The mean age of the participants was 65.3 (SD = 9.9) ranging from 50 to 99. The majority of participants were women (65.6%). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness due to all causes was 1.5%; of which 36.4% was bilaterally blind due to cataract. The CSC and effective CSC at a cataract surgical threshold of <6/12 were 55.1% and 24.4%, respectively. Good outcome was reported in 43.7% of eyes after cataract surgery, borderline in 37.2% of eyes, and poor outcome in 19.1%. The main barriers to cataract surgery included "cost," "need not felt," or "fear." The prevalence of cataract blindness in our study was higher compared to high-income regions and lower than estimates from South/Southeast Asia. This study suggests the urgent need to update the National Strategic Plan to prevent blindness in Armenia with a focus on improving the quality and coverage of cataract surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Nationwide Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) in Armenia.
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Khachatryan, Naira, Giloyan, Aida, Paduca, Ala, Limburg, Hans, and Petrosyan, Varduhi
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BLINDNESS , *VISION disorders , *REFRACTIVE errors , *VISUAL acuity , *EYE care , *LOW vision - Abstract
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and main causes of blindness and visual impairment in population aged 50 years and older in Armenia using Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) methodology. The study team randomly selected 50 clusters (each consisting of 50 people) from all 11 regions of Armenia. Data on participants' demographics, presenting visual acuity, pinhole visual acuity, principal cause of presenting visual acuity, spectacle coverage, uncorrected refractive error (URE), and presbyopia were collected using the RAAB survey form. Four teams of trained eye care professionals completed data collection in 2019. Overall, 2,258 people of 50 years and older participated in the study. The age- and gender- adjusted prevalence of bilateral blindness, severe and moderate visual impairment were 1.5% (95% CI: 1.0–2.1), 1.6% (95% CI: 1.0–2.2) and 6.6% (95% CI: 5.5–7.7), respectively. The main causes of blindness were cataract (43.9%) and glaucoma (17.1%). About 54.6% and 35.3% of participants had URE and uncorrected presbyopia, respectively. The prevalence of bilateral blindness and functional low vision increased with age and was the highest in participants 80 years and older. The rate of bilateral blindness was comparable with findings from countries that share similar background and confirmed that untreated cataract was the main cause of blindness. Given that cataract blindness is avoidable, strategies should be developed aiming to further increase the volume and quality of cataract care in Armenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. Early safety and efficacy of the combination of bedaquiline and delamanid for the treatment of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Armenia, India, and South Africa: a retrospective cohort study
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Ferlazzo, Gabriella, Mohr, Erika, Laxmeshwar, Chinmay, Hewison, Catherine, Hughes, Jennifer, Jonckheere, Sylvie, Khachatryan, Naira, De Avezedo, Virginia, Egazaryan, Lusine, Shroufi, Amir, Kalon, Stobdan, Cox, Helen, Furin, Jennifer, and Isaakidis, Petros
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- 2018
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10. Outcomes of Bedaquiline Treatment in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
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Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Guglielmetti, Lorenzo, Hewison, Catherine, Bakare, Nyasha, Bastard, Mathieu, Caumes, Eric, Frechet-Jachym, Mathilde, Robert, Jerome, Veziris, Nicolas, Khachatryan, Naira, Kotrikadze, Tinatin, Hayrapetyan, Armen, Avaliani, Zaza, Schunemann, Holger J., and Lienhardt, Christian
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Mortality -- Canada -- Armenia -- South Africa -- France ,Microbial drug resistance -- Patient outcomes -- Care and treatment ,Tuberculosis -- Patient outcomes -- Care and treatment ,Death ,Drug resistance ,Public health ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
In 2017, there were [approximately equal to] 10 million (range, 9.0-11.1 million) new cases of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, of which [approximately equal to] 558,000 were rifampin-resistant TB (RR TB) or [...]
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- 2019
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11. Availability and costs of medicines for the treatment of tuberculosis in Europe
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Günther, Gunar, Guglielmetti, Lorenzo, Leu, Claude, Lange, Christoph, van Leth, Frank, Hafizi, Hasan, Khachatryan, Naira, Aroyan, Harut, Kabasakalyan, Eduard, Knappik, Michael, Skrahina, Alena, Klimuk, Dzmitry, Nikolenka, Alena, Muylle, Inge, Milanov, Vladimir, Velkovska, Desislava, Tarinska, Neli, Bachiyska, Elizabeta, Jankovic, Mateja, Pieridou, Despo, Adamide, Tonia, Nicolaou, Nicos, Vasakova, Martina, Sukholytka, Mariia, Kopeckà, Emilia, Andersen, Åse Bengård, Folkvardsen, Dorte Bek, Svensson, Erik, Danilovits, Manfred, Kummik, Tiina, Vasankari, Tuula, Fréchet-Jachym, Mathilde, Nahmiash, Audrey, Togonidze, Tamar, Avaliani, Zaza, Kinkladze, Inga, Aspindzelashvili, Rusudan, Bichashvili, Teona, Losaberidze, Gulnazi, Merabishvili, Tsitsino, Kalsdorf, Barbara, Manika, Katerina, Tsiakitzis, Karyofyllis, Bakos, Agnes, Ægisdóttir, Tinna Rán, Michelsen, Guðrún Svanhvít, Karlsdóttir, Kristín, McLaughlin, Anne-Marie, Fitzgibbon, Margaret, Chemtob, Daniel, Codecasa, Luigi R., Ferrarese, Maurizio, Torri, Stefania, Gjocaj, Majlinda, Kuksa, Liga, Davidaviciene, Edita, Wirtz, Gil, Perrin, Monique, Asciak, Analita Pace, Chesov, Dumitri, de Lange, Wiel, Akkerman, Onno, Poposka, Biljana Ilievska, Mack, Ulrich, Jensenius, Mogens, Kvalvik, Lajla, Mengshoel, Anne Torunn, Kruczak, Katarzyna, Duarte, Raquel, Ribeiro, Nadine, Ibraim, Elmira, Kaluzhenina, Anna, Barkanova, Olga, Pesut, Dragica, Solovic, Ivan, Svetina, Petra, Souza-Galvão, Maria-Luiza de, Millet, Joan-Pau, Casas, Xavi, Vives, Montserrat, Bruchfeld, Judith, Dalemo, Paulina, Jonsson, Jerker, Aeschbacher, Katrin, Keller, Peter, Özkara, Seref, Tiberi, Simon, Chen, Christabelle, Terleeva, Yana, Dudnyk, Andrii, Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, APH - Global Health, APH - Methodology, and Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD)
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Microbiology (medical) ,Evropa ,Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis ,Antitubercular Agents ,Capacity building ,610 Medicine & health ,MDR-TB ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis - terapija z zdravili ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Antimicrobial resistance ,Medicines ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug therapy ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant ,Humans ,Tuberculosis ,tuberkuloza - terapija z zdravili ,health care costs - drug therapy ,Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,General Medicine ,END-TB strategy ,udc:616-002 ,tuberculosis - drug therapy ,Costs ,stroški zdravstvene oskrbe - terapija z zdravili ,Europe ,Infectious Diseases ,Availability of medicines - Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the access to comprehensive diagnostics and novel antituberculosis medicines in European countries.Methods: We investigated the access to genotypic and phenotypic Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing and the availability of antituberculosis drugs and calculated the cost of drugs and treatment regimens at major tuberculosis treatment centres in countries of the WHO European region where rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis are the highest among all WHO regions. Results were stratified by middle-income and high-income countries.Results: Overall, 43 treatment centres from 43 countries participated in the study. For WHO group A drugs, the frequency of countries with the availability of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing was as follows: (a) 75% (30/40) for levofloxacin, (b) 82% (33/40) for moxifloxacin, (c) 48% (19/40) for bedaquiline, and (d) 72% (29/40) for linezolid. Overall, of the 43 countries, 36 (84%) and 24 (56%) countries had access to bedaquiline and delamanid, respectively, whereas only 6 (14%) countries had access to rifapentine. The treatment of patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis with a regimen including a carbapenem was available only in 17 (40%) of the 43 countries. The median cost of regimens for drug-susceptible tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (shorter regimen, including bedaquiline for 6 months), and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (including bedaquiline, delamanid, and a carbapenem) were €44 (minimum–maximum, €15–152), €764 (minimum–maximum, €542–15152), and €8709 (minimum–maximum, €7965–11759) in middle-income countries (n = 12) and €280 (minimum–maximum, €78–1084), €29765 (minimum–maximum, €11116–40584), and €217591 (minimum–maximum, €82827–320146) in high-income countries (n = 29), respectively.Discussion: In countries of the WHO European region, there is a widespread lack of drug susceptibility testing capacity to new and repurposed antituberculosis drugs, lack of access to essential medications in several countries, and a high cost for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
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- 2023
12. The African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES): Predictors of Visual Field Damage in Glaucoma Suspects
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Khachatryan, Naira, Medeiros, Felipe A., Sharpsten, Lucie, Bowd, Christopher, Sample, Pamela A., Liebmann, Jeffrey M., Girkin, Christopher A., Weinreb, Robert N., Miki, Atsuya, Hammel, Na'ama, and Zangwill, Linda M.
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- 2015
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13. Ocular morbidities of juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis in adulthood: results from a tertiary center study
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Oray, Merih, Khachatryan, Naira, Ebrahimiadib, Nazanin, Abu Samra, Khawla, Lee, Stacey, and Foster, C. Stephen
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- 2016
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14. A Review of Studies of the Association of Vision-Related Quality of Life with Measures of Visual Function and Structure in Patients with Glaucoma in the United States.
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Khachatryan, Naira, Pistilli, Maxwell, Maguire, Maureen G., Chang, Angela Y., Samuels, Marissa R., Mulvihill, Kristen, Salowe, Rebecca J., and O'Brien, Joan M.
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VISUAL fields , *GLAUCOMA , *EDUCATIONAL tests & measurements , *QUALITY of life , *VISUAL acuity , *DISEASE management , *SOCIAL skills - Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association of quality of life (QoL) with ocular structure and function in glaucoma patients, and to identify which aspects of QoL are most closely tied to Visual Field (VF) and Visual Acuity (VA). Methods: We conducted a comprehensive review of studies on QoL in glaucoma patients using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (from 1 January 1997 to 7 December 2019). A total of 21 studies in the United States that used the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ) or 51-item NEI VFQ were included. A descriptive analysis of data from the selected studies was conducted. The association between QoL scores and visual function and structure was investigated by ranking the strength of association on a scale from 1 (weakest) to 12 (strongest). Results: Studies reported correlations between QoL scores and Visual Structure. Associations were also reported between QoL and Visual Function both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, with a stronger association of VF and VA with distance activities (average ranking 9.1 and 9.6), vision-specific dependency (8.7 and 8.9), and driving (8.6 and 9.7). Vision-specific mental health (6.5 and 4.9), vision-specific social functioning (8.4 and 6.2), and vision-specific role difficulties (7.1 and 6.6) domains were more associated with VF than with VA. Conclusion: Our study was the first to quantify and rank the strength of association between visual function and QoL domains. Driving and psycho-social QoL domains tended to be most affected by glaucoma-related deterioration of visual function. QoL scores could be used for more patient-centered disease management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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15. Concomitant Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C With Direct-Acting Antivirals and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Is Effective and Safe.
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Melikyan, Nara, Huerga, Helena, Atshemyan, Hakob, Kirakosyan, Ohanna, Sargsyants, Narina, Aydinyan, Tsovinar, Saribekyan, Nora, Khachatryan, Naira, Oganezova, Izabella, Falcao, Joana, Balkan, Suna, and Hewison, Cathy
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CHRONIC hepatitis C ,MULTIDRUG-resistant tuberculosis ,ANTIVIRAL agents ,HEPATITIS C virus ,DIRECTLY observed therapy - Abstract
We assessed effectiveness and safety of concomitant chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Of 322 MDR-TB patients (19.4% HCV), 30 were treated concomitantly (23.3% human immunodeficiency virus-positive). Overall, 76.7% achieved HCV treatment success (95.8% among tested). One patient (3.3%) experienced a serious adverse event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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16. Culture Conversion at 6 Months in Patients Receiving Delamanid-containing Regimens for the Treatment of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis.
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Seung, Kwonjune J, Khan, Palwasha, Franke, Molly F, Ahmed, Saman, Aiylchiev, Stalbek, Alam, Manzur, Putri, Fauziah Asnely, Bastard, Mathieu, Docteur, Wisny, Gottlieb, Gary, Hewison, Catherine, Islam, Shirajul, Khachatryan, Naira, Kotrikadze, Tinatin, Khan, Uzma, Kumsa, Andargachew, Lecca, Leonid, Tassew, Yoseph Melaku, Melikyan, Nara, and Naing, Ye Yint
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ANTITUBERCULAR agents ,IMIDAZOLES ,MICROBIAL sensitivity tests ,SPUTUM ,TIME - Abstract
Delamanid should be effective against highly resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis , but uptake has been slow globally. In the endTB (expand new drug markets for TB) Observational Study, which enrolled a large, heterogeneous cohorts of patients receiving delamanid as part of a multidrug regimen, 80% of participants experienced sputum culture conversion within 6 months. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02754765. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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17. African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES): Racial differences in the risk of developing visual field damage vary by level of IOP
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Zangwill, Linda M, Khachatryan, Naira, Bowd, Christopher, Liebmann, Jeffrey M, Girkin, Christopher A, Weinreb, Robert N, Sample, Pamela A, Hammel, Naama, Sharpsten, Lucie, and Medeiros, Felipe A
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Biological Sciences ,Ophthalmology & Optometry ,Medical and Health Sciences - Published
- 2015
18. Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) Study: gender and risk of POAG in African Americans.
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Khachatryan, Naira, Pistilli, Maxwell, Maguire, Maureen G., Salowe, Rebecca J., Fertig, Raymond M., Moore, Tanisha, Gudiseva, Harini V., Chavali, Venkata R. M., Collins, David W., Daniel, Ebenezer, Murphy, Windell, Henderer, Jeffrey D., Lehman, Amanda, Cui, Qi, Addis, Victoria, Sankar, Prithvi S., Miller-Ellis, Eydie G., and O’Brien, Joan M.
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OPEN-angle glaucoma , *AFRICAN Americans , *GENETICS , *BODY mass index , *WAIST circumference , *DEMOGRAPHIC characteristics - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between gender and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) among African Americans and to assess demographic, systemic, and behavioral factors that may contribute to differences between genders. The Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study had a case-control design and included African Americans 35 years and older, recruited from the greater Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Diagnosis of POAG was based on evidence of both glaucomatous optic nerve damage and characteristic visual field loss. Demographic and behavioral information, history of systemic diseases and anthropometric measurements were obtained at study enrollment. Gender differences in risk of POAG were examined using multivariate logistic regression. A total of 2,290 POAG cases and 2,538 controls were included in the study. The percentage of men among cases was higher than among controls (38.6% vs 30.3%, P<0.001). The subjects’ mean age at enrollment was significantly higher for cases compared to controls (70.2±11.3 vs. 61.6±11.8 years, P<0.003). Cases had lower rates of diabetes (40% vs. 46%, P<0.001), higher rates of systemic hypertension (80% vs. 72%, P<0.001), and lower body mass index (BMI) (29.7±6.7 vs. 31.9±7.4, P<0.001) than controls. In the final multivariable model, male gender was significantly associated with POAG risk (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.44–1.87; P<0.001), after adjusting for age, systemic hypertension, diabetes, and BMI. Within the POAAGG study, men were at higher risk of having POAG than women. Pending genetic results from this study will be used to better understand the underlying genetic variations that may account for these differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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19. High prevalence of infection and low incidence of disease in child contacts of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study.
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Huerga, Helena, Sanchez-Padilla, Elisabeth, Melikyan, Nara, Atshemyan, Hakob, Hayrapetyan, Armen, Ulumyan, Ani, Bastard, Mathieu, Khachatryan, Naira, Hewison, Catherine, Varaine, Francis, and Bonnet, Maryline
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CHILD patients ,MULTIDRUG-resistant tuberculosis ,JUVENILE diseases ,DISEASE incidence ,COHORT analysis ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Objective: We aimed to measure the prevalence and incidence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and tuberculosis (TB) disease in children in close contact with patients with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) in a country with high DR-TB prevalence.Design and Setting: This is a prospective cohort study of paediatric contacts of adult patients with pulmonary DR-TB in Armenia. Children were screened using tuberculin skin test, interferon-gamma release assay and chest X-ray at the initial consultation, and were reassessed every 3-6 months for a period of 24 months. Children did not receive preventive treatment.Main Outcome Measures: Prevalence and incidence of LTBI and TB disease; factors associated with prevalent LTBI.Results: At initial evaluation, 3 of the 150 children included were diagnosed with TB disease (2.0%). The prevalence of LTBI was 58.7%. The incidence of LTBI was 19.9 per 100 children per year, and was especially high during the first 6 months of follow-up (33.3 per 100 children per year). No additional cases with incident disease were diagnosed during follow-up. After adjustment, prevalent LTBI was significantly associated with the child's age, sleeping in the same house, higher household density, the index case's age, positive smear result and presence of lung cavities.Conclusions: Children in close contact with patients with DR-TB or in contact with very contagious patients had an increased risk of prevalent LTBI. Although none of the children developed TB disease during a 2-year follow-up period, screening for symptoms of TB disease, based on the prevalence of disease at recruitment, together with follow-up and repeated testing of non-infected contacts, is highly recommended in paediatric contacts of patients with DR-TB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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20. Bedaquiline and Repurposed Drugs for Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: How Much Better Are They?
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Bastard, Mathieu, Guglielmetti, Lorenzo, Huerga, Helena, Hayrapetyan, Armen, Khachatryan, Naira, Yegiazaryan, Lusine, Faqirzai, Jamil, Hovhannisyan, Lana, Varaine, Francis, and Hewison, Catherine
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- 2018
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21. Cost and yield considerations when expanding recruitment for genetic studies: the primary open-angle African American glaucoma genetics study.
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Salowe, Rebecca, O'Keefe, Laura, Merriam, Sayaka, Lee, Roy, Khachatryan, Naira, Sankar, Prithvi, Miller-Ellis, Eydie, Lehman, Amanda, Addis, Victoria, Murphy, Windell, Henderer, Jeffrey, Maguire, Maureen, and O'Brien, Joan
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GENETIC research ,PATIENT selection ,GLAUCOMA ,HEALTH of African Americans ,BIOBANKS ,OPHTHALMOLOGY ,GENETICS ,GLAUCOMA diagnosis ,STATISTICS on Black people ,BLACK people ,COST effectiveness ,RESEARCH evaluation ,GENETIC testing ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Background: African Americans have been historically under-represented in genetic studies. More research is needed on effective recruitment strategies for this population, especially on approaches that supplement traditional clinic enrollment. This study evaluates the cost and efficacy of four supplemental recruitment methods employed by the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study.Methods: After enrolling 2304 patients from University of Pennsylvania ophthalmology clinics, the POAAGG study implemented four new recruitment methods to supplement clinic enrollment. These methods included: 1) outreach in the local community, 2) in-house screening of community members ("in-reach"), 3) expansion to two external sites, and 4) sampling of the Penn Medicine Biobank. The cost per subject was calculated for each method and enrollment among cases, controls, and suspects was reported.Results: The biobank offered the lowest cost ($5/subject) and highest enrollment yield (n = 2073) of the four methods, but provided very few glaucoma cases (n = 31). External sites provided 88% of cases recruited from the four methods (n = 388; $85/subject), but case enrollment at these sites declined over the next 9 months as the pool of eligible subjects was depleted. Outreach and in-reach screenings of community members were very high cost for low return on enrollment ($569/subject for 102 subjects and $606/subject for 45 subjects, respectively).Conclusions: The biobank offered the most cost-effective method for control enrollment, while expansion to external sites was necessary to recruit richly phenotyped cases. These recruitment methods helped the POAAGG study to exceed enrollment of the discovery cohort (n = 5500) 6 months in advance of the predicated deadline and could be adopted by other large genetic studies seeking to supplement clinic enrollment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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22. List of Contributors
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Abrams-Tobe, Leslie, Abuswider, Samer A, Acosta, Jorge, Agrawal, Pavi, Albis-Donado, Oscar, Alencar, Luciana M, Allingham, R Rand, Amireskandari, Annahita, Anand, Nitin, Aptel, Florent, Araie, Makoto, Arcieri, Enyr S, Assia, Ehud I, Aung, Tin, Baerveldt, George, Baig, Nafees, Baik, Annie K, Bansal, Rajendra K, Babic, Mirko, Barikian, Anita, Barnebey, Howard, Barton, Keith, Baudouin, Christophe, Beck, Allen, Bennett, Sonya L, Berke, Stanley J, Bevin, Tui H, Bhartiya, Shibal, Bloom, Philip A, Blumberg, Dana M, Bollinger, Kathryn, Bowd, Christopher, Boyle, John W, IV, Brandt, James D, Broadway, David C, Brocchini, Stephen, Bron, Alain M, Budenz, Donald L, Bunce, Catey, Burgoyne, Claude F, Burr, Jennifer, Buys, Yvonne M, Cantor, Louis B, Caprioli, Joseph, Carassa, Roberto G, Casper, Daniel S, Catoira-Boyle, Yara Paula, Ceruti, Piero, Chakrabarti, Debasis, Chakrabarti, Raka, Challa, Pratap, Chan, Errol, Chang, Peter T, Chang, Robert T, Chauhan, Balwantray C, Chen, Aiyin, Cheng, Jason, Chew, Paul TK, Chiang, Mark, Chihara, Etsuo, Choplin, Neil T, Cioffi, George A, Clement, Colin I, Coleman, Anne L, Congdon, Nathan G, Coote, Michael A, Costa, Vital P, Crabb, David P, Crandall, Alan S, Craven, E Randy, Crawley, Laura, Crowston, Jonathan G, Cunningham, Emmett T, Jr., Dahan, Elie, Dahlmann-Noor, Annegret H, Damji, Karim F, Day, Alexander, Day, Me'Ja, Denis, Philippe, Dorairaj, Syril, Downs, J Crawford, Dutton, Gordon N, Eldaly, Hassan, El Sayyad, Fathi F, Falsini, Benedetto, Fantes, Francisco, Fechter, Herbert P, III, Fechtner, Robert D, Fellman, Ronald L, Fenwick, Eva, Fernando, Arosha, Fisher, Ann Caroline, Fitzke, Frederick W, Fortune, Brad, Foster, Paul, Founti, Panayiota, Freedman, Jeffrey, Gandolfi, Stefano A, García-Feijoó, Julián, Garway-Heath, David, Gazzard, Gus, Gedde, Steven J, Geffen, Noa, Georgoulas, Stelios, Giangiacomo, Annette, Gill, Katie, Gkatzioufas, Zisis, Goldberg, Ivan, Gouws, Pieter, Graham, Stuart L, Grajewski, Alana L, Greenfield, David S, Grehn, Franz, Grigera, Daniel E, Gross, Ronald L, Grover, Davinder S, Grytz, Rafael, Gupta, Meenakashi, Gupta, Neeru, de Moraes, Carlos Gustavo, Hafez, Ali S, Hafezi, Farhad, Hamanaka, Teruhiko, Harris, Alon, Hatanaka, Marcelo, Hawker, Matthew J, Healey, Paul R, Heatley, The late Catherine J, Heuer, Dale K, Higginbotham, Eve J, Hirn, Cornelia, Hitchings, Roger A, Holló, Gábor, Hoste, Ann M, Huck, Andrew, Hutnik, Cindy ML, Hylton, Camille, Ittoop, Sabita M, Ja'afar, Farrah, Jampel, Henry, Johnson, Thomas V, Jonas, Jost B, Kahook, Malik Y, Kass, Michael A, Katsanos, Andreas, Katz, L Jay, Keeffe, Jill E, Kersey, Thomas, Khachatryan, Naira, Khaw, Sir Peng Tee, Khouri, Albert S, Kiage, Dan, Kiang, Lee, Kim, Danny, Kiuchi, Yoshiaki, Klink, Thomas, Koenigsman, Helen, Konstas, Anastasios GP, Kotecha, Aachal, Kulkarni, Avinash, Kuroyedov, Alexander V, Labbé, Antoine, Lacey, Alan, Lam, Dennis SC, Lamourex, Ecosse L, Lee, Graham, Lee, Paul, Lemij, Hans G, Leoncavallo, Anthony, Lesk, Mark R, Leung, Christopher KS, Leung, Dexter YL, Levin, Leonard A, Lewis, Richard A, Lim, K Sheng, Lim, Ridia, Lima, Ricardo de, Liu, Yutao, Lockwood, Alastair, Low, Sancy, Mabuchi, Fumihiko, Mackey, David A, Malik, Rizwan, Mandal, Anil K, Mansberger, Steven L, Mansouri, Kaweh, Marchini, Giorgio, Marella, Manjula, Martin, Keith R, McGlynn, Robert H, McKinley, Steven H, McKinnon, Stuart J, McManus, J Ryan, Medeiros, Felipe A, Mermoud, André, Migdal, Clive S, Minckler, Don, Molteno, Anthony CB, Mora, Paolo, Moreno-Montañés, Javier, Morgan, James E, Mosaed, Sameh, Moschos, Marilita M, Muir, Kelly W, Muñoz, Gonzalo, Muñoz-Negrete, Francisco J, Neelakantan, Arvind, Negi, Anil K, Netland, Peter A, Newman-Casey, Paula Anne, Nicolela, Marcelo T, Niyadurupola, Nuwan, Nofal, Magdy A, Nolan, Winnie, Nongpiur, Monisha E, Noureddin, Baha'a N, Novack, Gary D, Nuyen, Brenda, Palaniswamy, Krishnamurthy, Palma, Camille, Park, Ki Ho, Parrish, Richard K, II, Papadopoulos, Maria, Parikh, Rajul S, Pasquale, Louis R, Pébay, Alice, Petrov, Sergey, Piltz-Seymour, Jody, Pinto, Luís Abegão, Pitha, Ian F, Pfeiffer, Norbert, Quaranta, Luciano, Ramulu, Pradeep Y, Ravinet, Emilie, Realini, Tony, Rebolleda, Gema, Reus, Nic J, Reynolds, Adam C, Rhee, Douglas J, Riss, Isabelle, Ritch, Robert, Riva, Charles E, Roberti, Gloria, Roberts, Cynthia J, Robin, Alan L, Rojanapongpun, Prin, Roy, Sylvain, Salmon, John F, Sampaolesi, Juan Roberto, Sangermani, Chiara, Sarodia, Usman A, Schaefer, Jamie Lea, Schloetzer-Schrehardt, Ursula, Schultz, Gregory S, Schuman, Joel S, Seibold, Leonard K, Shaarawy, Tarek M, Shah, Peter, Sherwood, Mark B, Shiroma, Lineu Oto, Siesky, Brent, Silva, Sergio Estrela, Singh, Annapurna, Singh, Arun D, Singh, Kuldev, Sng, Chelvin CA, Song, Brian J, Spaeth, George L, Spratt, Alexander, Stalmans, Ingeborg, Stamper, Robert L, Sugiyama, Kazuhisa, Susanna, Remo, Jr., Suwanpimolkul, Orathai, Swanson, William H, Tamm, Ernst R, Tania Tai, Tak Yee, Tanna, Angelo P, Teekhasaenee, Chaiwat, Tham, Clement CY, Thieme, Hagen, Thomas, Ravi, Thompson, Andrew M, Thulasiraj, Ravilla D, Thygesen, John, Tomey, Karim, Ton, Yokrat, Topouzis, Fotis, Toris, Carol B, Tosi, Roberto, Tsai, James C, Tuli, Sonal S, Tuulonen, Anja, Ungaro, Nicola, Vale, Luke, van Koolwijk, Leonieke ME, Vaswani, Reena S, Venkatesh, Rengaraj, Venturini, Cristina, Vernon, Stephen A, Vithana, Eranga N, Vijaya, Lingam, Viswanathan, Ananth C, Vizzari, Gabriele, Voudouragkaki, Irini C, Waisbourd, Michael, Walland, Mark J, Weinreb, Robert N, Werner, Mark, Wells, Anthony, Wiafe, Boateng, Wilensky, Jacob, Wong, Tina T, WuDunn, Darrell, Yip, Jennifer LY, Yucel, Yeni, Zangwill, Linda M, Zanutigh, Virginia E, Zelefsky, Joseph R, and Zeyen, Thierry
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- 2015
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23. Compassionate use of new drugs in children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: early experiences and challenges
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Tadolini, Marina, Garcia-Prats, Anthony J., D'Ambrosio, Lia, Hewison, Catherine, Centis, Rosella, Schaaf, H. Simon, Marais, Ben J., Ferreira, Hannetjie, Caminero, Jose A., Jonckheere, Sylvie, Sinha, Animesh, Herboczek, Krzysztof, Khaidarkhanova, Zarema, Hayrapetyan, Armen, Khachatryan, Naira, Urtkmelidze, Ia, Loreti, Carolina, Esposito, Susanna, Matteelli, Alberto, Furin, Jennifer, Varaine, Francis, and Migliori, Giovanni Battista
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- 2016
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24. Immunosuppressive Therapy and Cancer Risk in Ocular Inflammation Patients: Fresh Evidence and More Questions.
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Khachatryan, Naira and Kempen, John H.
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IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents , *CANCER risk factors , *EYE inflammation , *MEDICAL screening , *MEDICAL personnel , *MEDICAL decision making , *PATIENTS - Published
- 2015
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25. Diagnostic Accuracy of the Spectralis and Cirrus Reference Databases in Differentiating between Healthy and Early Glaucoma Eyes.
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Silverman, Anna L., Hammel, Naama, Khachatryan, Naira, Sharpsten, Lucie, Medeiros, Felipe A., Girkin, Christopher A., Liebmann, Jeffrey M., Weinreb, Robert N., and Zangwill, Linda M.
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GLAUCOMA , *NERVE fibers , *INTRAOCULAR pressure , *OCULAR hypertension , *FOLLOW-up studies (Medicine) - Abstract
Purpose To evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of global and sector analyses for detection of early visual field (VF) damage using the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) reference databases of the Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and Cirrus (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) devices. Methods Healthy subjects and glaucoma suspects from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study (DIGS) and African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) with at least 2 years of follow-up were included. Global and sectoral RNFL measures were classified as within normal limits, borderline (BL), and outside normal limits (ONL) on the basis of the device reference databases. The sensitivity of ONL classification was estimated in glaucoma suspect eyes that developed repeatable VF damage. Results A total of 353 glaucoma suspect eyes and 279 healthy eyes were included. A total of 34 (9.6%) of the glaucoma suspect eyes developed VF damage. In glaucoma suspect eyes, Spectralis and Cirrus ONL classification was present in 47 eyes (13.3%) and 24 eyes (6.8%), respectively. The sensitivity of the global RNFL ONL classification among eyes that developed VF damage was 23.5% for Cirrus and 32.4% for Spectralis. The specificity of within-normal-limits global classification in healthy eyes was 100% for Cirrus and 99.6% for Spectralis. There was moderate to substantial agreement between Cirrus and Spectralis classification as ONL. Conclusions The Spectralis and Cirrus reference databases have a high specificity for identifying healthy eyes and good agreement for detection of eyes with early glaucoma damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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26. Factors Predictive of Remission of Chronic Anterior Uveitis.
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Sobrin, Lucia, Pistilli, Maxwell, Dreger, Kurt, Kothari, Srishti, Khachatryan, Naira, Artornsombudh, Pichaporn, Pujari, Siddharth S., Foster, C. Stephen, Jabs, Douglas A., Nussenblatt, Robert B., Rosenbaum, James T., Levy-Clarke, Grace A., Sen, H. Nida, Suhler, Eric B., Thorne, Jennifer E., Bhatt, Nirali P., and Kempen, John H.
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IRIDOCYCLITIS , *JUVENILE idiopathic arthritis , *DISEASE progression , *CATARACT surgery , *UVEITIS , *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) - Abstract
To estimate the incidence of medication-free remission of chronic anterior uveitis and identify predictors thereof. Retrospective cohort study. Patients diagnosed with anterior uveitis of longer than 3 months' duration followed up at United States tertiary uveitis care facilities. Estimation of remission incidence and identification of associated predictors used survival analysis. Incidence of medication-free remission. For the primary analysis, remission was defined as inactive uveitis while off treatment at all visits spanning an interval of at least 90 days or—for patients who did not return for follow-up after 90 days—remaining inactive without receiving suppressive medications at all of the last visits. Association of factors potentially predictive of medication-free remission was also studied. Two thousand seven hundred ninety-five eyes of 1634 patients with chronic anterior uveitis were followed up over 7936 eye-years (4676 person-years). The cumulative medication-free, person-year remission incidence within 5 years was 32.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 30.4%–35.2%). Baseline clinical factors predictive of reduced remission incidence included longer duration of uveitis at presentation (for 2 to 5 years vs. less than 6 months: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44–0.83), bilateral uveitis (aHR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59–0.96), prior cataract surgery (aHR, 0.70; 95% CI 0.56–0.88), and glaucoma surgery (aHR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45–0.90). Two time-updated characteristics were also predictive of reduced remission incidence: keratic precipitates (aHR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.21–0.60) and synechiae (aHR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41–0.93). Systemic diagnosis with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and spondyloarthropathy were also associated with reduced remission incidence. Older age at presentation was associated with higher incidence of remission (for age ≥40 years vs. <40 years: aHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.02–1.63). Approximately one third of patients with chronic anterior uveitis remit within 5 years. Longer duration of uveitis, younger age, bilateral uveitis, prior cataract surgery, glaucoma surgery, presence of keratic precipitates and synechiae, and systemic diagnoses of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and spondyloarthropathy predict reduced remission incidence; patients with these factors should be managed taking into account the higher probability of a longer disease course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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27. Risk of Ocular Hypertension in Adults with Noninfectious Uveitis.
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Daniel, Ebenezer, Pistilli, Maxwell, Kothari, Srishti, Khachatryan, Naira, Kaçmaz, R. Oktay, Gangaputra, Sapna S., Sen, H. Nida, Suhler, Eric B., Thorne, Jennifer E., Foster, C. Stephen, Jabs, Douglas A., Nussenblatt, Robert B., Rosenbaum, James T., Levy-Clarke, Grace A., Bhatt, Nirali P., and Kempen, John H.
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OCULAR hypertension , *UVEITIS , *INTRAOCULAR pressure , *ADRENOCORTICAL hormones , *DISEASE risk factors ,DISEASES in adults - Abstract
Purpose To describe the risk and risk factors for ocular hypertension (OHT) in adults with noninfectious uveitis. Design Retrospective, multicenter, cohort study. Participants Patients aged ≥18 years with noninfectious uveitis seen between 1979 and 2007 at 5 tertiary uveitis clinics. Methods Demographic, ocular, and treatment data were extracted from medical records of uveitis cases. Main Outcome Measures Prevalent and incident OHT with intraocular pressures (IOPs) of ≥21 mmHg, ≥30 mmHg, and increase of ≥10 mmHg from documented IOP recordings (or use of treatment for OHT). Results Among 5270 uveitic eyes of 3308 patients followed for OHT, the mean annual incidence rates for OHT ≥21 mmHg and OHT ≥30 mmHg are 14.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.4–15.5) and 5.1% (95% CI, 4.7–5.6) per year, respectively. Statistically significant risk factors for incident OHT ≥30 mmHg included systemic hypertension (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.29); worse presenting visual acuity (≤20/200 vs. ≥20/40, aHR, 1.47); pars plana vitrectomy (aHR, 1.87); history of OHT in the other eye: IOP ≥21 mmHg (aHR, 2.68), ≥30 mmHg (aHR, 4.86) and prior/current use of IOP-lowering drops or surgery in the other eye (aHR, 4.17); anterior chamber cells: 1+ (aHR, 1.43) and ≥2+ (aHR, 1.59) vs. none; epiretinal membrane (aHR, 1.25); peripheral anterior synechiae (aHR, 1.81); current use of prednisone >7.5 mg/day (aHR, 1.86); periocular corticosteroids in the last 3 months (aHR, 2.23); current topical corticosteroid use [≥8×/day vs. none] (aHR, 2.58); and prior use of fluocinolone acetonide implants (aHR, 9.75). Bilateral uveitis (aHR, 0.69) and previous hypotony (aHR, 0.43) were associated with statistically significantly lower risk of OHT. Conclusions Ocular hypertension is sufficiently common in eyes treated for uveitis that surveillance for OHT is essential at all visits for all cases. Patients with 1 or more of the several risk factors identified are at particularly high risk and must be carefully managed. Modifiable risk factors, such as use of corticosteroids, suggest opportunities to reduce OHT risk within the constraints of the overriding need to control the primary ocular inflammatory disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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28. Rate and Pattern of Rim Area Loss in Healthy and Progressing Glaucoma Eyes.
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Hammel, Na'ama, Belghith, Akram, Bowd, Christopher, Medeiros, Felipe A., Sharpsten, Lucie, Mendoza, Nadia, Tatham, Andrew J., Khachatryan, Naira, Liebmann, Jeffrey M., Girkin, Christopher A., Weinreb, Robert N., and Zangwill, Linda M.
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- *
GLAUCOMA , *SCANNING laser ophthalmoscopy , *EYE diseases , *STEREOGRAPHS , *OPTIC disc , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *OPHTHALMOSCOPY - Abstract
Purpose To characterize the rate and pattern of age-related and glaucomatous neuroretinal rim area changes in subjects of African and European descent. Design Prospective longitudinal study. Participants Two hundred ninety-six eyes of 157 healthy subjects (88 patients of African descent and 69 of European descent) and 73 progressing glaucoma eyes of 67 subjects (24 patients of African descent and 43 of European descent) from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study and the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study were included. Methods Global and sectoral rim areas were measured using confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscopy. Masked stereophotograph review determined progression of glaucomatous optic disc damage. The rates of absolute rim area loss and percentage rim area loss in healthy and progressing glaucomatous eyes were compared using multivariate, nested, mixed-effects models. Main Outcome Measures Rate of rim area loss over time. Results The median follow-up time was 5.0 years (interquartile range, 2.0–7.4 years) for healthy eyes and 8.3 years (interquartile range, 7.5–9.9 years) for progressing glaucoma eyes. The mean rate of global rim area loss was significantly faster in progressing glaucomatous eyes compared with healthy eyes for both rim area loss (−10.2×10 −3 vs. −2.8×10 −3 mm 2 /year, respectively; P < 0.001) and percentage rim area loss (−1.1% vs. −0.2%/year, respectively; P < 0.001), but considerable overlap existed between the 2 groups. Sixty-three percent of progressing glaucoma eyes had a rate of change faster than the fifth quantile of healthy eyes. For both healthy and progressing eyes, the pattern of rim area loss and percentage rim area loss were similar, tending to be fastest in the superior temporal and inferior temporal sectors. The rate of change was similar in progressing eyes of patients of African or European descent. Conclusions Compared with healthy eyes, the mean rate of global rim area loss was 3.7 times faster and the mean rate of global percentage rim area loss was 5.4 times faster in progressing glaucoma eyes. A reference database of healthy eyes can be used to help clinicians distinguish age-related rim area loss from rim area loss resulting from glaucoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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29. Compassionate use of new drugs in children and adolescents with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: early experiences and challenges
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Rosella Centis, Jose A. Caminero, Alberto Matteelli, Naira Khachatryan, Animesh Sinha, Jennifer Furin, Sylvie Jonckheere, Anthony J. Garcia-Prats, Hannetjie Ferreira, Catherine Hewison, Zarema Khaidarkhanova, Giovanni Battista Migliori, Susanna Esposito, Armen Hayrapetyan, Ia Urtkmelidze, H. Simon Schaaf, Ben J. Marais, Marina Tadolini, Carolina V Loreti, Krzysztof Herboczek, Lia D'Ambrosio, Francis Varaine, Tadolini, Marina, Garcia-Prats, Anthony J., D'Ambrosio, Lia, Hewison, Catherine, Centis, Rosella, Schaaf, H. Simon, Marais, Ben J., Ferreira, Hannetjie, Caminero, Jose A., Jonckheere, Sylvie, Sinha, Animesh, Herboczek, Krzysztof, Khaidarkhanova, Zarema, Hayrapetyan, Armen, Khachatryan, Naira, Urtkmelidze, Ia, Loreti, Carolina, Esposito, Susanna, Matteelli, Alberto, Furin, Jennifer, Varaine, Franci, and Migliori, Giovanni Battista
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Compassionate Use Trials ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Adolescent ,Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis ,Treatment outcome ,Antitubercular Agents ,Alternative medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Intensive care medicine ,Agora ,business.industry ,Compassionate Use ,Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis ,medicine.disease ,Research Letters ,Multiple drug resistance ,Treatment Outcome ,030228 respiratory system ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, children ,Female ,business - Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 480 000 new multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) cases occurred globally in 2014, with 190 000 deaths. Limited data are available on the burden of MDR-TB in children. A recent systematic review estimated that 32 000 children acquire MDR-TB annually; of these, very few are correctly diagnosed and provided with appropriate treatment [1]., First experience and challenges of compassionate use of new anti-TB drugs to treat MDR- and XDR-TB in children http://ow.ly/SWXF300a0UX
- Published
- 2016
30. Corneal Endothelial Transplantation in Uveitis: Incidence and Risk Factors.
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Roldan AM, Zebardast N, Pistilli M, Khachatryan N, Payal A, Begum H, Artornsombudh P, Pujari SS, Rosenbaum JT, Sen HN, Suhler EB, Thorne JE, Bhatt NP, Foster CS, Jabs DA, Levy-Clarke GA, Nussenblatt RB, Buchanich JM, and Kempen JH
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- Adult, Cohort Studies, Humans, Incidence, Inflammation complications, Keratoplasty, Penetrating, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Cataract complications, Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary complications, Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty, Uveitis complications, Uveitis epidemiology, Uveitis surgery
- Abstract
Purpose: To estimate the incidence of corneal endothelial transplantation (CET) and identify risk factors among patients with noninfectious ocular inflammation., Design: Retrospective cohort study., Methods: Adult patients attending United States tertiary uveitis care facilities diagnosed with noninfectious ocular inflammation were identified from the Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy for Eye Diseases Cohort Study. Time-to-event analysis was used to estimate the incidence of CET, including penetrating keratoplasty, Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty, or Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty procedures. The incidence of CET was calculated. Potential risk factors for CET were also evaluated using Cox regression, accounting for correlation between eyes of the same patient., Results: Overall, 14,264 eyes met eligibility criteria for this analysis, with a median follow-up of 1.8 eye-years. The Kaplan-Meier estimated incidence of CET within 10 years was 1.10% (95% CI, 0.68%-1.53%). Risk factors for CET included age >60 years vs <40 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 16.5; 95% CI, 4.70-57.9), anterior uveitis and scleritis vs other types (aHR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.46-6.05; and aHR, 4.14; 95% CI,1.28-13.4, respectively), topical corticosteroid treatment (aHR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.32-6.13), cataract surgery (aHR, 4.44; 95% CI, 1.73-11.4), tube shunt surgery (aHR, 11.9; 95% CI, 5.30-26.8), band keratopathy (aHR, 5.12; 95% CI, 2.34-11.2), and hypotony (aHR, 7.38; 95% CI, 3.14-17.4). Duration of uveitis, trabeculectomy, peripheral anterior synechia, and ocular hypertension had no significant association after multivariate adjustment., Conclusions: In patients with ocular inflammation, CET occurred infrequently. Tube shunt surgery, hypotony, band keratopathy, cataract surgery, and anterior segment inflammation were associated with increased risk of undergoing CET; these factors likely are associated with endothelial cell damage., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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31. The SCHEIE Visual Field Grading System.
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Sankar PS, O'Keefe L, Choi D, Salowe R, Miller-Ellis E, Lehman A, Addis V, Ramakrishnan M, Natesh V, Whitehead G, Khachatryan N, and O'Brien J
- Abstract
Objective: No method of grading visual field (VF) defects has been widely accepted throughout the glaucoma community. The SCHEIE (Systematic Classification of Humphrey visual fields-Easy Interpretation and Evaluation) grading system for glaucomatous visual fields was created to convey qualitative and quantitative information regarding visual field defects in an objective, reproducible, and easily applicable manner for research purposes., Methods: The SCHEIE grading system is composed of a qualitative and quantitative score. The qualitative score consists of designation in one or more of the following categories: normal, central scotoma, paracentral scotoma, paracentral crescent, temporal quadrant, nasal quadrant, peripheral arcuate defect, expansive arcuate, or altitudinal defect. The quantitative component incorporates the Humphrey visual field index (VFI), location of visual defects for superior and inferior hemifields, and blind spot involvement. Accuracy and speed at grading using the qualitative and quantitative components was calculated for non-physician graders., Results: Graders had a median accuracy of 96.67% for their qualitative scores and a median accuracy of 98.75% for their quantitative scores. Graders took a mean of 56 seconds per visual field to assign a qualitative score and 20 seconds per visual field to assign a quantitative score., Conclusion: The SCHEIE grading system is a reproducible tool that combines qualitative and quantitative measurements to grade glaucomatous visual field defects. The system aims to standardize clinical staging and to make specific visual field defects more easily identifiable. Specific patterns of visual field loss may also be associated with genetic variants in future genetic analysis.
- Published
- 2017
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