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This study aims to present an alternative measure of fertility—cross-sectional average length of life by parity (CALP)—which: (1) is a period fertility indicator using all available cohort information; (2) captures the dynamics of parity transitions; and (3) links information on fertility quantum and timing together as part of a single phenomenon. Using data from the Human Fertility Database, we calculate CALP for 12 countries in the Global North. Our results show that women spend the longest time at parity zero on average, and in countries where women spend comparatively longer time at parity zero, they spend fewer years at parities one and two. The analysis is extended by decomposing the differences in CALPs between Sweden and the United States, revealing age- and cohort-specific contributions to population-level differences in parity-specific fertility patterns. The decomposition illustrates how high teenage fertility in the United States dominates the differences between these two countries in the time spent at different parities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a profile of the U.S. minister and educator Reverend Robert L. Wharton. Born in 1871 in Guilford County, North Carolina, Wharton grew up hunting, fishing and farming and was exposed to the state's rural values, beliefs and mores. He earned his bachelor's degree from Davidson College and finished his postgraduate courses at Trinity College. He received a number of awards, including the Order of the Great Cross of Carlos Manuel de Cespedes from the Cuban government.

This essay examines the operation of neoliberal logic in The Fabulous Beekman Boys, a reality television show that premiered on the now rebranded Planet Green network during the summer of 2010. The essay's analysis focuses primarily on the way the protagonists' homosexuality is figured proleptically as something like an explanation for both their atypical successes as small-scale farmers and their inevitable failures. It also draws attention to way the show mobilizes stereotypes about gay men's inherent tastefulness, and their penchant for taste-making, as a moralizing homily regarding the virtue of personal sacrifice, the nobility of risk-taking and the economically redemptive potential of niche marketing under conditions of late capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many early twentieth-century observers attributed the migration of young people from the countryside to the city as much to the dullness of rural life as to its declining economic opportunities. The recollections of women and men who had grown up in a rural community near a rapidly growing urban area in south-central New York State, however, demonstrate that young people conducted a vibrant social life that was marked by heterosociality as well as relative independence from adults. Rural youth participated in urban institutions and partook of commercial amusements without abandoning their attachment to rural culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the way the concept of dutiful manhood is perceived in rural towns in the U.S. in the late 1800s. Topics discussed include rural town people's understanding of male identity as associated with responsibility, self-control and maturity during the period, the origins of dutiful manhood in the U.S. as opposed to the concept of masculinity personified by western duels and the difference in the way urban and rural communities view the concept of masculinity.