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The article discusses the human (Homo sapiens) population of Stone Age Europe during the Aurignacian period from approximately 42,000-33,000 years ago, including people's living in hunter-gather groups, referencing an article coauthored by scientists Isabell Schmidt and Andreas Zimmermann in the "PLoS One" journal.

In this article, the author focuses on the Swedish family policy model in recovery of European challenges of declining population. Topics include the faith of Smalanders, people of Smaland, Sweden which reflected from their loyalty to the pagan gods of the North and their transition from pagan Vikings to Christians, the decrease in fertility of European peoples due to decreasing marriage rates, the family policy model for the same which comprises female emancipation and gender equality.

The article features Turkey, located in the Anatolia region. Its geographic and strategic location brought rich cultural, social and ethnic diversity into the country. Its population is largely comprised of teenagers and concentrated in commercial areas such as Istanbul, Ankara and Izmir. It is said that the European Union (EU) accession is the country's political and social preference to reshape its social structure. The Koprulu Library was the first independent library in Turkey. The country is aiming to be part of the information society and the EU.

The article discusses the issue of demographic winter or declining birthrates in Europe. The standard right-wing argument in the continent focuses on the failure of traditional Europeans to have adequate offspring leading to large-scale immigration mostly from Muslim countries. The World Congress of Families (WCF) suggests a patriarchal family model of breadwinning fathers and submissive mothers bearing large number of children in Europe. It attributes the racial tensions over immigration population to culture-war complaints.

The article discusses the political, economic, and cultural conditions of Europe and Africa. Accordingly, Europe is changing since Africa also is changing with a population growth due to the effort of international community to decrease infant and child mortality. It is also stated that terrorism in Europe will continue to be the tactic of choice with different motivations and methods. The continuation of this terrorism is the result of advanced technology particularly the use of Internet.

The article offers insights on culture wars in Europe. The government of Spanish Prime Minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero has modified birth certificates in line with the country's legislation on marriage and adoption. Belgians adopt same-sex marriage and euthanasia. Population has declined in European countries including Germany and Italy.

Examines the relationship between Russia and Europe. Factors behind the establishment of Russian foreign policy after the fall of the Soviet Union in December 1991; Causes of the decline in the Russian population from 1993 projected through 2015; Components of Russia's integration into the world economy. INSET: CHECHEN CHALLENGES.

Examines the political and economic implications of the growing problem in Europe's population. Impact of the shrinking population base of major European countries on economy; Factors that contribute to the massive decline in population in the region; Comparison between the demographic distribution of labor in the United States, Europe and the developing countries; Notion of a significant shift in the economic trends in developing countries.

Discusses the journey of the European Union to 1992 and the obstacles that remain. Idea of a colossus Europe larger than the United States in size and population; Drama of 1992, which provides endless cause for speculation; Meeting of the EC nations in Luxembourg in 1985 and what took place there; Technical and fiscal barriers; Comparison of the U.S. with the EC.

The article focuses on the city of Marseilles in France. A brief historical background on the city is presented. It includes data on the population in the city which indicates how the status of great European port was achieved. French statesmen introduced a plan to abandon colonialism.

Focuses on the geographical pivot of the European continent. Comparison between the population in Norway and Sweden; Expansion of commerce at harbor in Germany; Development of mineral wealth in the continent.

The article focuses on population or demographic changes in Europe. The author says that low reproduction rates, longer lifespans, and mass immigration will challenge public health programs, pensions and social services. Many European countries have a reproduction rate below the estimated replacement level but those with higher fertility rates are countries that accept and support births outside of marriage.

The article informs that a wave of soccer team "Red Devils" is likely to again sweep over various parts of the world sometime soon. While China's entire population of 1.3 billion were disappointed by their national squad's failure to advance to the final round of qualifying matches for the 2006 World Cup finals in Germany, the Korean national team did succeed in doing so, thus providing strong momentum for a revival of the passion and exhilaration stirred by the 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup. Red Devils are certain to make an appearance throughout Asia and Europe, including Germany, when the final round of qualifying matches for the Germany World Cup gets underway in 2005.

The article reports that demographic research from Goldman Sachs indicates that fertility rates in several advanced economies reached their lowest point in 2001, and have been increasing ever since. The increase is most prevalent in Great Britain, France, and Spain. The report explains that this is because women in wealthy nations have been bearing children later in life.

All over Europe, governments are beginning to feel the effects of a sharp decline in birthrate. The continent's population will begin to decline in the 1990s. The consequences of the demographic revolution will be far-reaching and governments are starting to counter the changes.

The article focuses on the projection regarding the Muslim population in Europe. It highlights the study conducted by the Pew Research Center, which indicates that Muslim population will considerably be smaller than the populations of both Christians and people with no religion in the region. It also mentions the three possible scenarios developed by Pew which will determine how Muslim population will actually grow.

The article offers information on the decrease in population of Europe and predicted increase in population in Asia and Africa.

The article discusses research conducted by U.S. economists Raven Molloy, Christopher L. Smith, and Abigail Wozniak concerning internal migration in the U.S. presented in the summer 2011 edition of the "Journal of Economic Perspectives." According to the research, U.S. citizens were more geographically mobile than Europeans in Canadians. The article discusses the impact of telecommuting and the job market on mobility and internal migration.

The article discusses the effect of the potato on population growth and urbanization in Europe. It references the article "The Potato's Contribution to Population and Urbanization: Evidence From a Historical Experiment" by Nathan Nunn and Nancy Qian," which appeared in the May 2011 issue of "The Quarterly Journal of Economics". It is suggested that potatoes' nutritional value may have accounted for 26 percent of Europe's population growth in the 18th and 19th centuries.

The article argues that refugees are not the solution to the demographic problem in Europe. Topics discussed include the declining population in Germany as the reason why Chancellor Angela Merkel allowed refugees into the country and the percentage of asylum applicants in the European Union (EU) who are younger than 35 in 2015.

Presents several letters to the editor referencing articles and topic published in the previous issues of the journal "E Magazine: The Environmental Magazine." Response to a cover story suggesting Americans learn from Europe to create a new American Dream underscores a fundamental problem in American society; Comments on the article "The Natural Way, Your Health," published in the March/April 2005 issue; Disbelief that E ran a full-page ad from Negative Population Growth that promoted an anti-immigration message.

The article discusses how ageing populations will hurt Europe's economies and put pressure on budgets. Europe is ageing much faster than the United States. This year's expansion of the European Union increases its population. By 2050, the United States will have almost caught up: if forecasts prove correct, there will be 420m Americans, compared with 430m Europeans. The main reason is that European women have fewer children. It is low fertility that explains why Europe's population is ageing faster than America's. Europe's rapid ageing will inflict economic pain. Even as numbers of workers fall, the numbers dependent on them will rise. This soaring elderly dependency ratio will test European budgets to the limit. Looming ahead is a big rise in spending not only on pensions but also on health and long-term care. The demographic challenge facing Europe may be even greater than most projections suggest. Population ageing, although a demographic problem, requires an economic rather than a demographic solution. Europe still has much work to do to make the labour-market and pension reforms that are needed to counter the adverse effects of its ageing population.

This article focuses on international migration and the difficulty in keeping track of legal and illegal immigrants. International migrants, defined as people who have lived outside their homeland for a year or more, account for under 3% of the world's population: a total, in 2000, of may be 1500 people. Counting migrants is horrendously difficult, even when they are legal. Between 1989 and 1998, gross flows of immigrants into America and into Europe, were similar, relative to population size. America at least thinks of itself as an immigrant land. But for many European countries the surge of arrivals in the 1990s came as a shock. Asia too saw a burst of immigration in the 1990s, propelled initially by the region's economic boom.

Discusses the migration statistics in Europe. Efforts to count the number of legal migrants in Europe; View that migration data are unreliable; Way that immigrants are offered temporary residence permits in countries such as Switzerland; Lack of population registers in Great Britain and France.

Reports the low-fertility levels in Europe as presented by the book, `The Future of Low-Birthrate Populations' by Lincoln H.Day of the Australian National University. Period of below-replacement fertility level; Population decline; Demographic changes; Policies to counter low birthrates.

Profiles Europe's population, social and economic numbers. Standard of living; Europe's agriculture. INSET: Getting the full benefits (standards of living in Europe)..

The article focuses on the population swing of Neolithic communities in Europe. Among the topics discusses include the study on dramatic oscillations in human population dynamics, population trends, and outbreaks of disease and conflict and overexploitation of the land. It highlights the impact of climate in population collapse.

The author expresses his concern over a rising Muslim population in Europe. He mentions Netherlands member of parliament Geert Wilders, who he feels is wrongly persecuted for his negative views on Islam. He dismisses criticism that he is being alarmist for his concern over the fact that Muslim populations are growing, and points out that many Church of England schools can't teach Christianity because most of their students are Muslim.

The article offers news briefs on issues related to population. The province of Volga in Russia has launched the Give Birth to a Patriot campaign that gives gifts to parents of children born after June 12th as part of an effort to reverse the declining demography in the country. There has been an assumption that a decrease in birthrates across European nations were attributed to abortion. A report published in the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" considers sex-selection abortion as the main reason behind the declining number of women in China and India.

This article looks at falling fertility rates in Europe, most notably Germany. In most countries with low fertility, young women have their first child late, and stop at one. In Germany, women with children often have two or three. But many have none at all. Germany is also odd in experiencing low fertility for such a long time. Its fertility rate fell below 2 in 1971. But it has stayed low and is still only just above 1.3. This challenges the notion that European fertility is likely to stabilise at tolerable levels.

The article reports that according to the United Nation's annual State of World Population reports that by 2050 nearly 20 percent of the population of Asia and Latin America will be over sixty-five, and Africa will see the percentage of potential pensioners double between now and then. The United States and Europe have also been expecting an increase in the number of the aged.

Presents letters to the editor about baby bust in Europe. Illustration of Europe as a model for rest of the world; Views of a reader on decreasing population; Discussion of a reader on the decline in world population.

The constitutional convention on Europe's future finally packed its bags last week in Brussels. The dramatic change in Europe's demographic profile will weigh far more heavily on the continent's future than the institutional minutiae that have been preoccupying the conventioneers. Fertility rates across Europe are now so low that the continent's population is likely to drop markedly over the next 50 years. The United Nations (UN) predicts that the world's population will increase from just over 6 billion in 2000 to 8.9 billion by 2050. During the same period, however, the population of the 27 countries that should be members of the European Union (EU) by 2007 is predicted to fall by 6%, from 482m to 454m. Combine a shrinking population with rising life expectancy, and the economic and political consequences are alarming. Since pensions in Germany, France and Italy are paid out of current tax revenue, the obvious implication is that taxes will have to soar to fund the pretty generous pensions that Europeans have gotten used to. It is no accident that in the past year France, Austria, Italy and Germany have all experienced angry outbreaks of labor unrest, sparked by attempts to make their pension systems less generous. The tide of immigrants, legal and illegal, crossing the sea is an obvious reaction. So shouldn't Europe be more liberal about immigration, to redress its population imbalance? The inflow of immigrants is causing political strains, with anti-immigration politicians like France's Jean-Marie Le Pen, Italy's Umberto Bossi and the Netherlands' late Pim Fortuyn popping up all over Europe.

The newest U.S. economic problem is the loss of white-collar jobs to Asia. On May 6, the Federal Reserve announced it was concerned about excessive disinflation. Disinflation--a sustained slide in prices for goods and services that promotes rising asset prices--has occurred near-continuously since 1981. Deflation--a sustained collapse in prices for goods, services, stocks and real estate--has not occurred since the Depression (except in Japan). The economic downturn that began when Nasdaq collapsed still bedevils the industrial world. Massive over-investment in Internet gear not only brought down the technology industry, destroying millions of jobs, but devastated the usually reliable telephone industry. When educated English-speakers in Asia can compete for good jobs in the industrial world without leaving home, then people who earn one-tenth or one-fifth what North Americans earn become formidable competitors. In earlier economic cycles it was manufacturing jobs that migrated to low-wage economies. Demographic deflation now spreads across the industrial world. The most powerful driver of our new kind of deflation isn't tight money or China or technology, but birth control. Japan avoided outright depression because of its permanent trade surplus -- which means it imports jobs. The U.S. runs a permanent trade deficit that now exceeds five per cent of GDP, so it has been exporting millions of jobs. Will the central bankers in the U.S. and Europe avert deflation and restore strong economic growth?

Focuses on the idea that Canada may increase immigration in order to offset a declining birth rate. Opinion that populations have been shrinking due to abortion and birth control; Belief that some refugee claimants have taken advantage of immigration laws in countries such as Denmark; Legislation which has been passed by European countries concerning immigration.

Reports population trends for Europe as of January 2000. Reports by the United Nations population monitors and Eurostat, the European Union's (EU) statistical office; Number of EU citizens, decline in number of children, and increased lifespans of EU citizens; Predictions as to declining populations in various European countries, including Italy; Impact of immigration on the trends.

Discusses population in the European Union in 1998. Effect of migration; Infant mortality; Number of children born out of wedlock.

Examines the decline in Europe's population. Decline in Central and Eastern Europe due to factors such as declining birth rate, rising death rate, and emigration; The birth rate of the European Union (EU) as a whole in 1995, and also individually by various nations.

Reports that projections from a report conducted by the Office for the National Statistics has suggested that population numbers in the 15 countries of the European Union will rise gradually.

Forecasts population trends in Europe. Birth and death rates; Factors contributing to population decline; United Nations' population projections for Europe.

Focuses on the population of the European countries. Decline of the number of immigrants; Decrease of the mortality rate; Percentage of population growth.

Focuses on the increase in populations in Europe for the year 1905. Percentage of the growth of population; Comparison of the population between France and Germany; Accounts on the excess of births over deaths.