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Purpose: In today's business environment, big data is viewed as the "new oil," which is rapidly changing the traditional business models and mode of operations. According to commentaries and scholarly work, big data and its applications have penetrated deeply into the very core of the products, services, and functional areas of many firms. What remains unclear is how using this "new oil" (big data) and "new technique" (data diagnosticity) can result in new "products and processes." The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of big data usage on product and process innovation, and the moderating role of data diagnosticity on said associations. Design/methodology/approach: Data were obtained from Turkish firms that utilize big data in their daily operations and analyzed with the partial least squares' structural equation modeling technique. Findings: The findings revealed that big data usage is a predictor for higher product and process innovation. Diagnostic capabilities of the firms did not amplify the link between big data usage and product innovation, big data usage and process innovation. Originality/value: This paper is among the first study to examine the association of big data usage, data diagnostic capabilities, product, and process innovations in the Turkish context. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to deal with the optimal choice of a novel extreme learning machine (ELM) architecture based on an ensemble of classic ELM called Meta-ELM structural parameters by using a forecasting process. Design/methodology/approach: The modelling performance of the Meta-ELM architecture varies depending on the network parameters it contains. The choice of Meta-ELM parameters is important for the accuracy of the models. For this reason, the optimal choice of Meta-ELM parameters is investigated on the problem of wind speed forecasting in this paper. The hourly wind-speed data obtained from Bilecik and Bozcaada stations in Turkey are used. The different number of ELM groups (M) and nodes (Nh) are analysed for determining the best modelling performance of Meta-ELM. Also, the optimal Meta-ELM architecture forecasting results are compared with four different learning algorithms and a hybrid meta-heuristic approach. Finally, the linear model based on correlation between the parameters was given as three dimensions (3D) and calculated. Findings: It is observed that the analysis has better performance for parameters of Meta-ELM, M = 15 − 20 and Nh = 5 − 10. Also considering the performance metric, the Meta-ELM model provides the best results in all regions and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm -feed forward neural network and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system -particle swarm optimization show competitive results for forecasting process. In addition, the Meta-ELM provides much better results in terms of elapsed time. Originality/value: The original contribution of the study is to investigate of determination Meta-ELM parameters based on forecasting process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Based on the situational approach for envy, the purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of two-dimensional workplace envy (being envied and envying others) on the task and contextual performance of employees working in either private or public sector organizations. Design/methodology/approach: This study was conducted on survey data collected from 988 private sector employees and 530 employees from the public sector employed in Istanbul. Following a quantitative empirical design, structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses. Findings: The study results revealed that envying-others dimension has a significant negative effect on both task performance and contextual performance. In addition, the findings indicate more envious feelings of private sector employees than public sector employees. For public sector employees, male participants were found to envy others more than females. Research limitations/implications: In addition to the contributions, this study has its limitations. First, although the study was carried out with a comprehensive sample, it is limited to the views of 1,518 employees in Istanbul and is a cross-sectional study. Also, employee performance is evaluated through self-reporting, which forms another limitation; it could have been more reliable for the supervisors to assess their subordinates' performance. Practical implications: Apart from scholars, our findings have implications for practitioners. Feelings such as envy that comes with a sense of competition can create an environment that stimulates people, motivates them to work, can make them productive and can also cause an ultimately destructive situation. This makes it critical to manage envy in the workplace. Though there may be facilitators behind it, one crucial factor that fuels envy in the workplace is the lack of fair human resources policies and systems. Still, human resources management is undeveloped in most public organizations. With effective human resources management, there may be some roadmaps for managers to dissolve conflicts arising from envy. First, it is imperative to have systems that will separate the employee from the others, which everyone will accept, strengthening the feelings of justice among employees. Envy often occurs following a social comparison. Management can implement an incentive system that supports employee collaboration and avoid nepotism. Especially in private organizations where the competition is more among employees, managers should give more attention to understand their subordinates' feelings. The managers' attention to expressing their feelings toward their subordinates could establish an equal distance within the workplace. In this sense, language selection is critical, and managers should be mindful of linguistic triggers. Managers should not avoid giving both positive and negative feedback to their employees. Unwarranted and unsystematic reward and/or punishment systems, made with the good intentions of increasing competition, can trigger envy. Finally, managers should implement an open-door policy and open communication that will encourage all team members to be transparent to each other. Originality/value: The study was based on a rationale that envy has detrimental workplace outcomes that lead to low task and contextual performance. Although there exists a recent interest for examining the relation between workplace envy and employee performance, based on being envied and envying others dimensions, these studies are limited. This study focuses on these dimensions and performance relations, and it also provides a comparative outlook for public and private sector employees in Turkey in terms of workplace envy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between defence mechanisms, one of the unconscious processes, and phantasy. In addition, the scale of financial defence mechanisms, which is a version of the defence mechanisms adapted to financial issues, has been developed and tested. Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose, first, a pilot study was conducted for the financial defence mechanism scale. The data was collected 179 subjects in Turkey through online surveys with convenience sampling method between the dates of 6 March and 21 March 2020, and then additional data was collected in Turkey between the dates of 28 April and 14 June 2020. The total number of subjects is 644. The authors exploited IBM SPSS Statistics and AMOS for analysis. Exploratory factor analysis, ANOVA, Independent t-test and Correlation analysis were performed. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis was performed after additional data collection process with structural equation modelling. Findings: As a result of the analyses, only two of the defence mechanisms (mature and neurotic) and three of the financial defence mechanisms (mature, neurotic and immature) were found to be positively correlated with phantasy, which is considered a determinant of financial bubbles. In addition, a positive relationship was found between risky investment intention and two of the defence mechanisms (immature and neurotic) and three of the financial defence mechanisms (mature, immature and neurotic). Originality/value: The study is unique due to its findings and developed scale. The findings are valuable in that the theoretically alleged relations were also obtained empirically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure the R&D performance of 81 cities in Turkey by using a scientific approach. Design/methodology/approach: A four-step solution approach is developed for this problem. In the first step, a hierarchical structure of 14 indicators (including number of patents, publications, R&D expense, etc.) in three dimensions is constructed. In the second step, explicitly and implicitly spatial indicators such as university location and R&D manpower are mapped by using geographic information system (GIS). In the third step, a hybrid multi-criteria decision making model, namely, DANP that combines decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and analytic hierarchy process (ANP) techniques is applied to assign different level of importance to the indicators. In the last step, Višekriterijumska Optimizacijai kompromisno Rešenje (VIKOR) method is used to rank the performance of 81 cities. Obtained results are visualized using GIS to show the pros and cons of each city in terms of R&D performance. Findings: Results of the paper show that Istanbul, Ankara and Konya are ordered as contenders of best R&D performances and on the contrary, Igdir, Sirnak and Tunceli are ordered as the worst R&D performances among 81 cities. Research limitations/implications: One limitation of the study can be the considered criteria. However, all the criteria are obtained from literature and experts; thus, the paper covers as much criteria as possible. Practical implications: The proposed study may allow Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology of Turkey to formulate more effective strategies to improve cities' R&D performance. In addition, any country can apply the same methodology for measuring the R&D performance of their cities by using their related data. As the worst R&D city performances belong to the eastern part of Turkey, it can be deducted that the socio-cultural structure of the eastern part of the country needs improvement. Originality/value: To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first study which applies a GIS-based MCDM approach for R&D performance measurement. Thus, the value of this paper belongs to both literature and real life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the hyper-dynamic business world of today, innovation has become the lifeblood of organizations. Knowledge management (KM) is widely considered an essential antecedent of innovation. However, very little empirical research has specifically addressed how KM is nurtured as support for innovation from a behavioral point of view. This paper aims to operationalize the characteristics of a fitting context – in terms of top management support, organizational rewards and mutual trust – and to clarify the role of organizational context on knowledge management strategies (KMS) and ultimately on firm innovativeness. Design/methodology/approach: By studying 98 surveys from 23 companies from Technology Fast 50 list, based on using the partial least squares method, the authors find that this organizational context has a significant impact on the formulation and implementation of KMS. Findings: Organizational/behavioral context has significant effects on the formulation and implementation of KMS as well as firm innovativeness. The results also demonstrate that the tacit KMS has a crucial impact on firm innovativeness. Originality/value: From a behavioral perspective, this study empirically examines the role of organizational context (top management support, organizational rewards and mutual trust), KMS and firm innovativeness in a holistic manner in Turkey, a developing country. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no researcher has undergone those relationships in literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of perceived ethical leadership and perceived distributive justice on internal whistleblowing intention through trust in leader as a mediator. Design/methodology/approach: Following an empirical design, data were collected from 1,296 employees of Turkish financial institutions, located in Istanbul. To test four hypotheses structural equation modelling was applied. Findings: Results reveal that trust in a leader fully mediates the positive effects of both ethical leadership and distributive justice on the internal whistleblowing intention. Originality/value: This study enhances the understanding of the ethical leadership perception and distributive justice affecting the internal whistleblowing intention in Turkey that is a developing country. Although numerous studies on whistleblowing have been conducted, this study's originality and contribution lay in the examination of trust in the leader as a missing link between the direct relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the development and verification of a new multi-stage genetic programming (MSGP) technique, called MSGP-LASSO, which was applied for univariate streamflow forecasting in the Sedre River, an intermittent river in Turkey. The MSGP-LASSO is a practical and cost-neutral improvement over classic genetic programming (GP) that increases modelling accuracy, while decreasing its complexity by coupling the MSGP and multiple regression LASSO methods. The new model uses average mutual information to identify the optimum lags, and root mean-square technique to minimize forecasting error. Based on Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and bias-corrected Akaike information criterion, MSGP-LASSO is superior to GP, multigene GP, MSGP, and hybrid MSGP-least-square models. It is explicit and promising for real-life applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to evaluate the market concentration and competition in the European Banking Sector using an integrated multi-criteria decision-making approach under the fuzzy environment. Design/methodology/approach: The hybrid model combining fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), fuzzy analytic network process (ANP) and fuzzy VIKOR methods is applied to measure the market competition and concentration in the European Banking Sector. For this purpose, two academicians and one expert from banking sector with at least five-year experiences are selected to evaluate the dimensions, criteria and alternatives. The academicians are also appointed to define the decision-making problem and determine the dimensions and the criteria on the basis of related literature. The implementation of the model has been constructed in three main phases. The first phase consists of the fuzzy DEMATEL technique for understanding the impact-relation map among the dimensions. The second phase includes the fuzzy ANP method for measuring the relative importance of the criteria. The last phase comprises the fuzzy VIKOR approach to rank the alternatives with the values of the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI). Findings: Turkey, France, England and Germany are placed in the competitive market structure of the European Banking Sector respectively. Additionally, the comparative results of the study confirm the market shares and the competitive policies of the European and Turkish Banking Sector. Originality/value: The novelty of the paper is to construct a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making model with the proposed HHI scales under the fuzzy environment and defined competition dimensions and criteria based on the literature for the European Banking Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the effects of subjective and financial literacy, big five personality traits and emotions (fear, anger, hope and sadness) on risk aversion, risky investment intention and investment choices were investigated. Interactions of these three variables (risk aversion, risky investment intention and investment choices) were also examined. Design/methodology/approach: For this purpose, in January-February 2019, collected data on 446 subjects from Turkey using the internet (341) and face-to-face (105) survey instruments. The authors exploited IBM SPSS Statistics for analysis. ANOVA, t-test and discriminant analysis were performed. Findings: As a result of the analyzes, two personality traits (neuroticism and openness) and two emotions (fear and sadness) were determined as predictors of risk aversion. For risky investment intention, risk aversion, two personality traits (neuroticism and openness) and one of the same and other one different two emotions (fear and anger) were found. Originality/value: Investment choices can be estimated by objective financial literature, risk aversion and risky investment intention. In addition, individuals' risk averse or risk taking characteristics differ according to their level of sadness with agreeableness, conscientiousness and neuroticism personality traits. Similarly, have a risky investment intention or have not risky investment intention also differs according to sadness emotions with conscientiousness and openness. Finally, the choice of stocks or bank deposits varies according to subjective financial literacy and extraversion personality trait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose an innovative and integrated approach based on service quality measurement (SERVQUAL), quality function deployment (QFD) and failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) for service quality improvement. Design/methodology/approach: The SERVQUAL scale is used for service quality measurement, QFD is used for service design and FMEA is used to prevent possible failures during service delivery. Findings: A case study in a public hospital in Turkey is performed to show how the proposed approach works in practice. The results of the study show that the proposed approach can be used effectively to assess service quality in practice. Originality/value: Service quality has become an important issue for service enterprises facing a fiercely competitive environment to provide sustainability. This is the first study that applies an integrated methodology based on SERVQUAL scale, QFD and FMEA to service quality improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infections by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent in humans and animals in Turkey but little is known of the burden of their clinical toxoplasmosis. Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Turkey were published in Turkish and often not available widely. Here, we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, epidemiology and diagnosis of T. gondii in humans and animals in Turkey. This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians and physicians. Although one-third of the human population in Turkey is seropositive, the rate of congenital toxoplasmosis is unknown and no information is available in children 12 years old or younger. One large outbreak of acute toxoplasmosis has been reported in 14–18-year old school children in Turkey. An alarming rate (36%) of T. gondii tissue cysts were reported in tissues of sheep and water buffalo meats destined for human consumption; these reports require verification. Genetically, T. gondii strains from domestic cats and wild birds in Turkey were generally classical type II and III, like those prevalent in Europe. A separate genotype, Type 1 Africa, was isolated from two congenitally infected children and a domestic cat in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of flight delays, distance, number of passengers and seasonality on revenue in the Turkish air transport industry. Design/methodology/approach: The domestic return routes of a Turkish airline company were examined to address this issue. Among five cities and six airports, 14 major domestic return routes were selected. The augmented mean group (AMG) estimator and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) estimator were conducted with a two-way fixed effects (FE) robustness test in this study. Findings: The results show that arrival flight delay and departure flight delay had negative effects on revenue, whereas the distance between airports, the number of air passengers and seasonality had positive effects on revenue. Research limitations/implications: The data used in this study were retrieved from a Turkish airline company; for future research, other airline companies operating in Turkey may be included. Practical implications: These findings could be evaluated by air transportation leaders to provide a guide to make strategic decisions to achieve greater performance in this competitive environment. Originality/value: The originality of the paper comes from the facts that besides distance and number of passengers, the authors control for the seasonality when assessing the effects of flight delay on revenue; they use panel data techniques, which permit them to control for individual heterogeneity, and create more variability, more efficiency and less collinearity among the variables; they use two recent panel data techniques, CCEMG and AMG, allowing for cross-section dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tethyan ophiolites have played a major role in the development of the ophiolite concept during the past 200 years, and contributed significantly to the formulations of the suprasubduction-zone (SSZ) ophiolite paradigm and the plate-tectonics theory. Their melt evolution and magmatic construction witnessed the dispersal of the supercontinent Pangaea via continental rifting and seafloor spreading, opening and closure of multiple seaways in an eastward widening, latitudinal ocean basin (Neotethys), and deep mantle recycling processes through subduction-zone tectonics and plume activities. Neotethyan ophiolites are highly diverse in their crustal–mantle structures and compositions, pointing to major differences in their melt sources and tectonic settings of magmatic construction. The papers in this thematic set demonstrate these differences in the Neotethyan ophiolite record through new structural, geochemical, isotopic and geochronological data and interpretations. The Jurassic Western Alpine Ophiolites formed in a narrow basin (Alpine Tethys) that developed between Europe and North Africa–Adria–Iberia. Their peridotites represent exhumed, continental lithospheric mantle. The Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous ophiolites east of Adria formed in different Neotethyan seaways, and their SSZ magmatic construction involved multiple episodes of melting, depletion and refertilization of subduction-modified oceanic mantle. The Late Cretaceous peri-Arabian and peri-Indian ophiolites, which are discontinuously exposed along a c. 9000 km long belt from SW Anatolia to SE Tibet, formed above a Trans-Tethyan subduction–accretion system within Southern Neotethys. Diachronous collisions of Arabia and India with this intraoceanic subduction–accretion system in the latest Mesozoic and the Paleogene (respectively) resulted in diachronous ophiolite emplacement in the Mediterranean and Tibetan–Himalayan orogenic belts. Thematic collection: This article is part of the 'Tethyan ophiolites and Tethyan seaways collection' available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/tethyan-ophiolites-and-tethyan-seaways [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkey's recent venture involving the construction of hundreds of small-scale hydropower projects is a significant trend, both in regard to its contribution to Turkey's hydroelectricity production and the social and environmental impact of these projects at the local level. Turkey's hydropower policy was premised on a conventional understanding of water driven by science, technology, and the market. This approach, however, does not seem to have paid sufficient attention to the socio-ecological characteristics of water. Developing policies from a solely technical perspective creates political, economic, and cultural inequalities that adversely affect the social and ecological realm. Hence, this paper attempts to deconstruct the design, execution, and aftermath of Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy through the lens of the hydro-social cycle. We aim to explain various dimensions of Turkey's small-scale hydropower program in a conceptual framework that merges the concept of the hydro-social cycle with patterns of distributive environmental justice. We find that state-led, techno-centric and market-oriented approaches to water instrumentalize a rhetoric of justice in order to justify the development of small-scale hydropower ventures. Our analysis, however, demonstrates Turkey's small-scale hydropower policy falls short of delivering on its promise of distributive justice in three relevant dimensions, namely the distribution of burdens and benefits, vulnerabilities, and responsibilities at local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We extend the SpID-N model with comprehensive unknown uncertainties. • We construct the ARX, ARMAX, and OE based extended SpID-N models. • We learn optimal rates to learn the unknown parameters and uncertainties. • We extensively analyse the developed models and predicted future casualties. Insights about the dominant dynamics, coupled structures and the unknown uncertainties of the pandemic diseases play an important role in determining the future characteristics of the pandemic diseases. To enhance the prediction capabilities of the models, properties of the unknown uncertainties in the pandemic disease, which can be utterly random, or function of the system dynamics, or it can be correlated with an unknown function, should be determined. The known structures and amount of the uncertainties can also help the state authorities to improve the policies based on the recognized source of the uncertainties. For instance, the uncertainties correlated with an unknown function imply existence of an undetected factor in the casualties. In this paper, we extend the SpID-N (Suspicious-Infected-Death with non-pharmacological policies) model as in the form of MIMO (Multi-Input-Multi-Output) structure by adding the multi-dimensional unknown uncertainties. The results confirm that the infected and death sub-models mostly have random uncertainties (due undetected casualties) whereas the suspicious sub-model has uncertainties correlated with the internal dynamics (governmental policy of increasing the number of the daily tests) for Turkey. However, since the developed MIMO model parameters are learned from the data (daily reported casualties), it can be easily adapted for other countries. Obtained model with the corresponding uncertainties predicts a distinctive second peak where the number of deaths, infected and suspicious casualties disappear in 240, 290, and more than 300 days, respectively, for Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on challenges posed by Turkish local elections on opposition, as well as President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. It informs that ruling party is dominating the media and public discourse, with all the mainstream papers and television channels supporting Erdogan and the Justice and Development Party; and the impact of Turkey's military activities in neighboring Syria on elections.