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The article analyses the role of immersive technologies in increasing productivity in enterprises. Economic growth is determined not only by productive forces, but also by the rational use of human labour and achievements of scientific and technological progress. The author has examined the experience of using digital tools relevant to the market that improve productivity – virtual and augmented reality. These technologies have a significant impact on labour productivity and contribute to enhancing performance indicators of production operations. The global practice of applying immersive technologies in enterprises demonstrates a wide range of areas of their use. Thus, augmented and virtual reality are in demand in mechanical engineering, energy extraction, logistics, design of facilities and production lines. In essence, these technologies expand the boundaries of human capabilities in interaction with virtual and augmented spaces, providing unique management tools for solving tasks of varying complexity, and have significant potential in the context of better productivity. Based on the results of the analysis, the key functions of augmented and virtual reality in industry have been identified, and the structure of the functional usage of immersive technologies to increase productivity has been developed.

Immersive technologies (ImT) are becoming more and more widespread in the R&D sector and more often in the academic agenda of higher education. The paper provides a systematic overview of the educational practices of Russian universities in the use of ImT in teaching. The study focuses on the institutional and didactic aspects of the ImT in Russian higher education. We interviewed representatives of Russian universities (N=16). The study presents the role of immersive educational technologies in the structure of an academic course and outlines the prospects for their further application. The cases of Russian universities evidence that immersive educational technologies are slowly finding their niche in higher and postgraduate education as a learning tool. Providing immersion of students in the real conditions of professional skills application, immersive educational products are designed to practice the algorithms of operations in standard and non-standard situations of their (future) occupations individually. Without changing the didactic structure of the academic course, immersive educational products occupy a place between the theoretical part and training practice. The authors conclude that immersive educational products have a great potential for development in terms of the visualization quality of educational material, integration of multimodal mode for group work, improvement of assessment scales and соnsideration of learning analytics. Given a range of positive effects (motivational, psychological, topological, developmental), the future of ImT in higher education depends on the legal regulation of their use in education, their availability to higher education institutions and the motivation of university teachers.

Today, the necessary grounds for considering the prospect of deep integration of metaverse technology in the life of society already exist. Modern scientific studies indicate that many legal institutions will be transformed along with the development of metaverses. Hence, there is a need to study the development of theoretical and practical issues regarding the convergence of law and metaverses. The author attempts to generalize some problems pertaining to the legal regulation of public relations in metaverse conditions and offers scientifically grounded options for their possible solution. The dominant method used in this study is legal modelling, which makes it possible to form a general concept of the future synergy of law and metaverses. The author also employed scientific research methods, including legal prediction, comparative-legal, formal-legal, and others. The study made it possible to draw the following conclusions: (1) Today, the possibility of developing uniform international regulation pertaining to metaverses is still unlikely. Countries need to develop their own metaverses, which simplifies the development of corresponding legislation. (2) Creating metaverses in Russia will ensure the country’s international leadership in the digital economy. A regulatory sandbox mechanism can be used to shape legislation on metaverses. (3) Based on the specifics of the Russian legal system, the author has identified certain areas where legislation can be transformed to apply to metaverses. The results of the study will contribute to the development of Russian legal thought on metaverses.

Formulation of the problem. The rapid development of technologies in the modern world opens up new horizons for education. Integrating science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) holds particular significance as a transformative approach, fostering interdisciplinary learning and preparing students for the challenges of a knowledge-based and digitized society. The transition from a traditional approach to STEAM education becomes even more captivating with the incorporation of immersive technologies. This direction, merging technical and creative aspects, requires an innovative approach to the organization of educational projects, considering the new opportunities and challenges presented by virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of our research, we used the following methods: systematic and comparative analysis of pedagogical, psychological, philosophical, and sociological works, methodic literature, and analysis of the pedagogical experience of using immersive technologies to organize STEAM projects at school; synthesis and generalization to formulate the main provisions of the study; interviews and questionnaires of teachers regarding their understanding and attitude to immersive technologies as a means of implementing STEAM projects at school; interpretation of research results. We analyzed 18 scientific sources, including 14 Scopus-indexed articles, two reports (the educational report from Horizon 2020 and the "State of the Industry Report" from the XR Association), and two scientific studies by Ukrainian researchers. Eighty-seven teachers participated in interviews and surveys conducted through Google Forms. Results. Creating and organizing a STEAM educational project using immersive technologies involves the following teacher actions: forming a project name by the student's learning goals, educational content, and the project result as its product; creating a reference project; determining the subject, topic, age of students, project preparation time, learning time, essential immersive technologies; forming the purpose of the first lesson and project tasks to immerse and motivate students about the project; identifying problematic issues that should reflect the actual context or problem. We have characterized teachers' attitudes towards immersive technologies when organizing and conducting such projects. Based on the study's results, we have identified the features of organizing STEAM projects using immersive technologies: expanding the field of creativity with AR and VR, immersion in scientific concepts and conducting experiments through the use of virtual laboratories, visualizing abstract ideas through the use of augmented reality, interacting with technology through mixed reality projects, and teamwork in immersive environments. Conclusions. Immersive technologies in STEAM education have advantages (e.g., gaining practical experience, forming interdisciplinary connections through interdisciplinary learning, cooperation, communication, adaptive environment, and request for creativity) in teaching.

The modern media sphere is changing under the influence of socio-cultural, technical, technological and media processes. The article studies such a phenomenon of the media sphere as transmedia, which is characterized by the nonlinearity and hybridity of audiovisual forms. It is a new key feature of the media sphere and makes significant changes to screen art. As a result of the research, foreign theory and practice of forming the design of transmedia projects have been studied. The possibilities of using foreign experience in Russian conditions have been determined. Recommendations given for conducting a transmedia project in various areas have been, including improving the transmedia narrative in its basic concept using a systematic approach. The developed recommendation and methodological base for the formation of the design of transmedia projects has been practice-oriented. This method is aimed at solving problems, at the practical implementation of this approach to the implementation of transmedia projects. The recommendations demonstrate the need for narrative knowledge within the framework of a transmedia narrative, allowing users to engage and be motivated by a transmedia narrative, rather than simply distributing content through media channels. The possibility of using classical elements of an integrated approach to the formation of the design of a transmedia narrative in the transmedia approach has been investigated.

Background. The paper discusses a challenging problem of increasing the reliability of automated psychological testing by controlling the depth of user immersion in the immersive reality environment. Materials and methods. Based on a previously introduced model of an immersive environment, the article proposes algorithms for managing the user’s involvement in such an environment, allowing enhancing the depth of immersion and maintaining the user’s attention under the influence of external and internal distractions. It is proposed to consider the indicator of instability (distraction) of attention as the main parameter characterizing the depth of user immersion. To attract and maintain the user’s attention to the objects related to the target topic, taking into account the presence of a large number of distracting objects in immersive reality, it is proposed to introduce additional objects that are most relevant to the user’s current interest, as well as to select an adequate frequency of their appearance. Results. The proposed algorithms were implemented and studied in psychodiagnostics within the framework of a psychological testing software package to build an additional feedback loop. For this purpose, the system includes a computer vision subsystem, including a video camera, oculography (eye-tracking) tools and software for video monitoring of the patient’s motor activity. The software tracks the total volume of facial expressions, head and eye movements, and also identifies the current emotional state using an artificial neural network. To ensure high user involvement, personalization of the user interface and tests is provided. Conclusions. The developed hardware and software complex for psychological diagnostics and medical rehabilitation allows, unlike analogues, to implement feedback on monitoring and control of patient involvement.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the optimal XR tools for cultivating inclusion in a second language classroom that Polish language teachers know and successfully use and which female refugees from Ukraine would like to use. The article is grounded in a project aimed at bridging the substantial gap between refugee women and women with fewer opportunities within the realm of language education. It is acknowledged that women with fewer opportunities (such as migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers) have already coped with significant challenges related to relocation and other traumatic experiences. The project posits that XR tools can be employed to assist these women in acquiring new language skills. The central objective is to establish an XR environment that alleviates additional anxieties associated with Foreign Language Learning (FLL). By offering a broader array of realistic and engaging scenarios, these XR learning environments can facilitate practical activities. Such environments enable students to familiarize themselves with the nuances of language use and develop proficiency beyond the confines of a classroom setting. This approach emphasizes language application rather than rote memorization of closed-system rules. Moreover, the work focuses on standardizing terminology and methodologies through comprehensive literature and Internet research. Finally, the report highlights the latest advancements in Poland concerning the discussed issue. The project posits that XR tools can be employed to assist these women in acquiring new language skills. The central objective is to establish an XR environment that alleviates additional anxieties associated with Foreign Language Learning (FLL). By offering a broader array of realistic and engaging scenarios, these XR learning environments can facilitate practical activities. Such environments enable students to familiarize themselves with the nuances of language use and develop proficiency beyond the confines of a classroom setting. This approach emphasizes language application rather than rote memorization of closed-system rules. Moreover, the work focuses on standardizing terminology and methodologies through comprehensive literature and Internet research. Finally, the report highlights the latest advancements in Poland concerning the discussed issue.

The aim of the article is to study the features of the integration of holistic marketing and digital technologies, allowing to transform the fashion industry and provide brands with the opportunity to find novel ways to express their identity and interact with their audience. Generalizing scientific approaches to defining the essence of the concepts of «holistic marketing» and «digital marketing», the article determines the relevance of integrating these two concepts as used in the fashion industry, which should foster the improving of the quality of goods and services, reinforcing the interaction between brands and consumers, thus increasing their role in the implementation of the conception of holistic marketing. It is substantiated that digital marketing allows fashion brands to increase their online presence through a variety of channels. Social media and other digital platforms allow brands in the fashion industry to interact directly with their audience through comments, messages, and reviews, thus providing manufacturers of clothing and accessories with additional opportunities to receive feedback from consumers and improve their assortment. Digital marketing allows fashion brands to reach an international audience and expand their global presence without significant infrastructure costs, a promotion can even be more cost-effective compared with traditional advertising. At the same time, the closure of some stores of foreign brands for security reasons, the change of seasons and the growing popularity of the domestic range of goods «made in Ukraine» created opportunities for the recovery of the fashion business in Ukraine. Digital platforms are used to convey information about a brand’s commitment to sustainable and ethical practices, which attracts the attention of socially conscious consumers. For example, the social project Under Sirens, organized in Europe, aims at drawing the world’s attention to the russian-led war going on in Ukraine. The fashionable Ukrainian brands labels incorporate soundtracks and, making use of augmented reality, turn into air raid sirens very alike to the alarms that howl in Ukrainian cities every now and then.

Background. The relevance of the research is determined by the tarnsformation in the modern educational process of the role of students’ attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control in the implementation of augmented reality applications for digital learning. The article is devoted to the study of the question: “How does conducting lectures through an extended application increase students’ confidence and affect their attitudes and subjective norms?” Materials and methods. Computer graphics and 3D modeling methods, Vuforia tracking development tools, Unity application development tools, as well as methods of system analysis, comparison, systems theory, as well as materials from open sources on the Internet were used. Results: The analysis of didactic tools and technology “augmented reality” when implemented in an innovative educational process using digital educational solutions. Conclusion. The expediency of integrating innovative educational technologies using augmented reality into the educational process has been studied. A unique digital solution ready for operation is proposed: an information and training program based on the use of augmented reality technology.

The purpose of the article is to study the experience of the Russian media in the field of creating immersive content. The empirical basis of the study was 216 immersive materials of the Russia Today TV channel and 26 immersive materials of RIA Novosti. The study was implemented by the content analysis method. The technique of expert interviews was also used to collect information about the activities of the Directorate of New Media of MIA “Russia Today”. Results. The article analyzes Russian media experience, i.e., Russia Today channel and RIA Novosti, in using of virtual reality and augmented reality tools and 360° video technology; number, timing, genre and theme specifics and their popularity among the audience are determined; primary issues of Russian media in immersive content production are identified. The results obtained will be useful in researching trends in the development of journalism, and may also be useful for media editorial offices interested in developing new media product formats and attracting new audience groups.

The article considers the immanent (internal) structure of a complex frame within the study of augmented reality, augmented virtuality, and truncated virtuality as components of the screen space continuum when creating television footage. Updating the topic of composite screen reality, the author studies in detail the construction of a frame with the simultaneous use of images of real objects and those generated electronically. Taking into account Russian and foreign scientific works, the author analyses the issues of creating a multifaceted screen space when replacing its part or a specific object image without displaying the surrounding subject reality, and introducing a virtual background image, elements of augmented virtuality with areal object image and a simulacrum into the screen picture. The author clarifies in which case an element of additional visuals acquires the properties of augmented reality, and specifies the functionality of truncated virtuality in the algorithm for creating screen space when the background image moves. According to the preliminary results of the study on television screen space, it is proposed to introduce into scientific circulation and professional lexicon the concepts of “augmented virtuality with a synthesized object”, “augmented virtuality with an image of areal object” and “truncated virtuality”. This material will be useful to specialists in the media sphere and at the same time will interest a wide range of readers and viewers.

Objective: to define the degree of influence of such developing technological field as metaverse on various spheres of society and to identify the need for reaction on the part of law.Methods: the key method used for the research is the systemic-structural method, which allows establishing connections between various elements of the society as a complex system, analyzing the regularities generated by the spreading influence of metaverse prototypes in one sphere on other ones. Additional methods used are formal-logical, comparative-legal methods, as well as the methods of legal modeling and forecasting.Results: the practical implementation of the metaverse concept will open new opportunities for people, but will be accompanied by drastic changes in the economic subsystem of the society, in particular, the multifold growth of the share of virtual economy and structural changes in employment. The changes will also occur in the social subsystem: the social links and the education models will transform, new personal demands will occur. Changes in the economic and social spheres will entail the need to adapt law to them, in order to preserve the effective legal regulation of social relations. Also, it should be noted that the metaverse will increase the capabilities of not only people but also the artificial intelligence, for which virtual environment is actually the “natural” one. Legal norms must provide protection of a human under the increased virtual component in people’s lives, accompanied by intellectualization of the environment.Scientific novelty: the author has systematically analyzed the changes taking place in various spheres of the modern society in connection with the development of the technological field of metaverses; highlighted the key issues arising due to the said development and requiring legal solution both at the constitutional level and at the level of sector legislation; and proposed the necessary changes in legal regulation.Practical significance: the research materials can be used when preparing proposals on changes and amendments in the current legislation, as well as in pedagogical activity, in particular, for implementation of educational courses or modules related to law under digital transformation of the society.

Problem statement . Every year, immersive equipment becomes more accessible, and the material and technical base of educational organizations is filled with new innovative devices. An urgent scientific task is the development of methods and tools for the implementation and usage of immersive devices in the educational process. Methodology. The authors describe approaches to the informatization of education based on the model of the center of immersive technologies (CIT), which contributes to the solution of managerial, methodical, pedagogical and technical problems associated with the application of immersive technologies in the educational and career guidance processes of educational organizations. The main functions of the CIT model are divided into three components: training students of secondary vocational education (SVE) in working professions, the realization of short programs for advanced training and assessment of qualifications, career guidance of schoolchildren. The key users of the CIT model are SVE students, schoolchildren and their parents, the management team of the educational organizations, teachers. The CIT model can be implemented in any organization that has immersive equipment (VR/AR) and human resources. Results. The implementation of immersive simulators in teaching students in professional programs, educational practice, as well as in organizing and conducting professional excellence championships demonstrates approximately equal effectiveness in comparison with traditional teaching methods, except for the cases in which it is important to develop tactile skills in working with certain equipment. Using the example of the execution of VR simulators in the teaching of the subject “Technology” in the school course, the advantage of learning on real machines is demonstrated. It was discovered that the maximum pedagogical effect is achieved by adding VR simulators to the training course and by using a combined approach. VR simulators are necessary for work in the absence of workshops and serve as an important didactic propaedeutic tool when they are available. Conclusion. The domestic and foreign experience of using immersive technologies in educational and outreach activities is analyzed, the development projects of the Russian Federation in the field of immersive technologies are considered. The relevance, theoretical and practical significance of the development and implementation of the CIT model are substantiated. The results of approbation in educational institutions of secondary vocational and basic general education are presented.

Problem statement. The technological development of augmented reality is becoming more impressive every year. But, despite all the advantages and possibilities of using augmented reality in the modern world, it is still in its infancy in the field of education. One of the biggest benefits of using augmented reality technology in natural sciences is its ability to visualize abstract concepts, reproduce expensive, dangerous or time-consuming experiments, and showcase rare objects. These augmented reality abilities are great for teaching chemistry and biology in basic school, as they can visualize inaccessible objects, processes and phenomena in the classroom without using large time, material and technical resources. At the moment, sufficient experience has not been accumulated in the application of this technology in the study of natural sciences, in particular chemistry and biology. Thus, there is a need to conduct an appropriate scientific and pedagogical research to determine the effect of the introduction of augmented reality technology in the study of natural sciences. Methodology. The methods of designing a learning model, pedagogical experiment, observation, conversation, and generalization of the experience gained were used. Results. The results of a pedagogical experiment on the use of mobile 3D models to demonstrate inaccessible laboratory experiments and objects in the study of chemistry and biology in basic school, aimed at analyzing and highlighting the most significant examples of the application of this technology in practice. The essence and features of the use of mobile 3D models in the study of chemistry and biology are described. Significant aspects of the use of such technology in the modern school are revealed. Conclusion. The experience of organizing lessons with a demonstration of inaccessible laboratory experiments and objects in the study of chemistry and biology in a basic school allows us to conclude that there are significant differences in the educational process implemented using mobile 3D models and augmented reality technology.

Optical designs of waveguide-type augmented reality displays are investigated. Displays based on volume phase holograms are notable for their small size, large exit pupil and high transmittance both in the projected image channel and in the direct vision channel. However, with an increase of the aperture, field of view and working spectral range, the spread of the values of the beam angle of incidence and the wavelength increases when solving the diffraction problem at different points on the hologram surface which imposes restrictions on spatial resolution and diffraction efficiency. To overcome this phenomenon, it is proposed to use a composite hologram which represents a volume phase grating divided into zones with independently varying parameters of the fringes tilt, their shape, the holographic layer thickness and the refraction index modulation depth. We propose an algorithm that allows ray tracing through a hologram recorded by two coherent point sources using an auxiliary aspherical mirror. The initial ray tracing in the hologram recording scheme is performed using the error function minimization by the orthogonal descent and golden section methods. Based on the results obtained, the directional vectors of the diffracted beam are calculated using the Welford equation. Using the tracing results, the hologram diffraction efficiency is computed with the Kogelnik’s coupled wave theory. The proposed algorithms are implemented in the Zemax Optics Studio software. The application of the proposed composite hologram element and the tools for operation modeling are shown on an example of display operating in the range of 510–530 nm with the field of view of 7°36ʹ × 5°48ʹ and the exit pupil diameter of 8 mm. It is shown that the proposed solutions make it possible to increase the diffraction efficiency by 3.45 times. At the same time, the spatial resolution increases by 12.7 % varying across the field of view in the range of 0ʹ44ʺ–1ʹ6ʺ. The use of composite holograms allows one to create displays with higher spatial resolution and brightness of the projected image as well as uniformity of the characteristics across the field of view.

The purpose of the research is to analyze the key features of the metaverse, the possibilities and advantages of its tools, security issues and the format of user participation in the metaverse virtual space. The relevance of the study is caused by the changes in the global economic order and the metaverse technologies awareness from both the expert community and ordinary users. The authors use methods of comparative analysis of Russian and foreign scientific sources, as well as statistical analysis and forecasting from leading consulting, rating and analytical agencies (Gartner, Statista, Emergenresearch, Moscow Innovation Agency, World Economic Forum, Tadviser). The scope of the achieved results is determined by the possibility of using the practical part of the study in building scenarios for the metaverse technologies application by various stakeholders. The authors draw conclusion that there is a wide range of use of the metaverse tools in various felds of human activity (professional, educational, social, entertainment, etc.), as well as about stimulating the development of the digital market using metaverse technologies. The prospects of non-interchangeable tokens, one of the innovative tools of the metaverse, are discussed and the audience growth rate of the metaverse innovative technologies potential consumers in the future is predicted.

The article, based on the analysis of the main trends in the development of the tourism market in the context of global digitalization, which has intensified in the field of tourism and hospitality, substantiates structural changes in the tourist services market of Ukraine. The subject of the study is the introduction of digital technologies in the tourism industry of Ukraine in the post-war period. The purpose of the article is to study the features of the use of digital technologies in the tourism industry of Ukraine. The achievement of this goal was facilitated by the solution of the following tasks: to explore various forms of digitalization in the tourism industry of Ukraine; to offer an improved conception of managing the development of tourism in Ukraine in the post-war period. The article used methods of analysis and synthesis to summarize the development of digital technologies in tourism; method of comparative analysis – to compare the experience of international and national digital tourism development; prognostic methods – to outline the prospects for further development of digital tourism in Ukraine in the post-war period. The authors made an attempt to predict the prospects for digitalization of the tourism industry of our country based on the integration of several defining areas – AR (augmented reality), VR (virtual reality), AI (artificial intelligence), as well as robots and blockchain technologies. The article quite fully covers the issues of digital support of business processes in the field of tourism, analyzes the opportunities and prospects of tourism BigData, which are used for analyzing information, making forecasts, sustainable developing the tourism industry. The deliberate implementation of best practices in the field of digital technologies can help our country’s tourism industry implement strategies that become possible by the wider use of digital content and platforms. The provision of a modern business model will help stabilize the working environment in the post-war period, while stimulating an innovative approach in the field of tourism.

The use of augmented reality in intelligent vehicle control systems is an important and urgent task for the production and operation of vehicles. Along with the development of sensors, it is necessary to create algorithms and software for such systems. The paper describes a program that simulates the formation of an augmented reality image on a projection display located on the windshield of a car. Augmented reality content modeling is proposed to be carried out by combining the image seen through the windshield and the data coming from the sensors of the intelligent car control system. The functioning of an intelligent vehicle control system is based on the principle of Sensor Fusion, according to which the input data from several discrete sensors are combined to obtain a virtual environment model. The main advantage of the developed program is the possibility of adaptive adjustment of image parameters depending on environmental conditions. The program also implements the function of switching information channels to display data from various devices. The use of augmented reality technologies in intelligent vehicle control systems contributes not only to the convenience of car operation, but also improves the comfort of travel conditions, increases the level of driving safety.

Research on the business processes digital transformation is of great interest among Russian and foreign scientists. The domestic economy’s development pace at the present stage is largely associated with widespread digital transformations. Over the past decade, Russia’s innovation performance, and the pace of digitalisation, has remained at a satisfactory level, which is not in line with the global trend. Branches of the economy, corporations, and small economic entities face the problem of adapting to the digital world. In the context of the upcoming economic crisis, the growing number of threats to economic sustainability, the task of increasing the pace of digitalisation is most acute. The study considers the main technologies in the concept of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, analyses the digitalisation tools and key sectors of the domestic economy. Based on the information provided, recommendations for the business digital transformation have been formulated. Due to the relevance of the topic, the results of the study have formed the basis of subsequent researches.

Background. The paper discusses an actual problem of ensuring the immersiveness of human-computer interaction in the Augmented Reality environment by controlling the depth of immersion. Materials and methods. The article proposes a model of an immersive environment, which, unlike analogues, allows controlling and managing the depth of user immersion, taking into account his individual characteristics of Augmented Reality perception. The user's reaction is tracked using the oculography (eye-tracking) system or by intelligent recognition of emotions based on the results of image recognition of facial expressions. The model is based on the implementation of the accented visualization method and expands the possibilities of its practical application in the tasks of improving the convenience of virtual and augmented reality interfaces, medical rehabilitation and control of manual operations in production, maintenance and repair. Results. An immersive environment model with a controlled depth of immersion processes the event chains of user attention fixation and changing the state of virtual and real objects in space and time, which makes it possible to monitor the basic parameters that characterize user perception: focus, relevance, and instability. On the basis of the proposed model, a control system was implemented that ensures the achievement of a statistical correspondence between the tempo-rhythms of the processes of recognition, classification and adequate action in relation to real and virtual objects. Conclusions. The main challenges of losing the depth of user immersion in the immersive reality environment include the discrepancy between the contexts of virtual and real elements and the user experience, the difference between the pace of events taking place in virtual reality and the pace of real events or the user's readiness, and the presence of distractions that affect the loss of involvement and decrease in perception. The choice of the solution depends on the dynamics of changes in parameters.

Personnel working at mining enterprises must be prepared to overcome professional difficulties and to possess the professional competencies required not only for the implementation of processes, but above all their safety. Modern digital modeling technologies used in mining activities expand the boundaries of practical training not only for future mining engineers, but also for working specialists. As part of the training process, it is important that the simulation of the mining environment be of a high quality almost indistinguishable from the actual environment. In this context, the development of process solutions based on virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR technologies) is most relevant. Process automation in the conditions of large-scale digital transformation laid the foundations for the development of VR/AR in mining industry. Data analysis shows that VR/AR technologies are the major consumer of IT solutions. They are in fact the integrator, or the highest “IT-transformation”, which in practical terms create digital parallel production objects and processes. Further developments in this area may also change some of the existing traditional entities or create new ones, in the training system as well. An example of such an entity, on which the digital future will depend, is the emerging “digital culture”. As such it will be applicable not only in the corporate, industry, but also nationally. Despite the diversity of areas in the development of VR/AR technologies, the maximum effect of their implementation is manifested in the development of special skills of personnel in equipment operation. This clearly relates to the need to ensure the efficiency and reliability of technological operations and processes. The interaction between the consumer and producer of VR/AR solutions together with universities allows a number of problems related to the formation of competencies in the future generation of specialists to be resolved. These include: training of university graduates; creation of specialized courses in educational programs; individual higher educational programs; professional development and retraining courses for specialists in the field of VR/AR technologies in mining; involvement of the academic community representatives in the development of practical tasks based on VR/AR solutions, including researchers of different specializations (geology, geophysics, geotechnics, geoinformatics, aerology, geotechnology, mining machinery and equipment, automation, etc.). Other key areas include the dissemination of the best practices of VR/AR usage in the interests of future customers; creation of a common method to assess the effectiveness of VR/AR projects to determine their investment attractiveness; as well as prediction and creation of future technologies.

The legal system of modern Russia is faced with global challenges resulting from the digitalization of many spheres of life and a radical change in the mentality of society in the postmodern era. Purpose: to analyze the problems of legal regulation of new social relations arising in cyberspace. Methods: general scientific and specific scientific methods of cognition are used: comparative legal method, method of interpreting legal norms. Results. The law must enter cyberspace in order to be able to regulate and protect the interests of the state and citizens, information, assets, finances, intellectual property, secrets. It is a task not only for sectoral legal science, it is a common task for theoreticians and practitioners. The issues of the subject of law, the object of law, the goals and objectives of legal regulation in the new information society require rethinking.

The paper considers the optical systems of virtual reality, which use an optical wedge to eliminate or reduce the conflict of convergence and accommodation (vergence- ccommodation conflict, VAC). The inclined surfaces of the optical wedge introduce specific aberrations into the optical system that can critically affect image quality. The authors analyzed wedge aberrations using relationships derived from the third-order aberration theory. In contrast to existing approaches, the relationships were obtained without the assumption of a small refractive angle or wedge thickness. The results demonstrate that in the scheme with an optical wedge, with characteristics typical for virtual reality systems, the dependence of astigmatism on the angular field is linear and significantly exceeds the other types of aberrations. It is shown that to obtain a high-quality image, the most successful compensation for such aberration can be achieved by using diffractive optical elements (kinoforms) or a Fresnel lens. The paper gives examples of optical systems with a wedge, developed taking into account the requirements for the overall dimensions of virtual reality systems and image quality. The obtained ratios for the aberrations of the optical wedge and the inclined surface make it possible to evaluate the correction capabilities of schemes where such elements are used with arbitrary characteristics. The proposed solutions can be used in virtual reality systems with a reduced value of vergence-accommodation conflict.

Topicality. Robotisation of all life spheres forces restaurant industry establishments to develop and implement innovative technologies. This process has only accelerated during the pandemic period. At the same time, blighty enterprises significantly lag behind in the pace of automation and robotisation technologies implementation in service processes. Research aim and methods. The purpose of the study is to research approaches to robotisation of the service process in restaurant industry establishments, as well as to determine the impact of robotisation on service quality, and develop a scheme for serving guests with robots in restaurants. In order to achieve this, a set of scientific methods and approaches have been used: systemic, functional, systemic and structural, analysis and synthesis, comparison, logical generalisation. Results. According to the analysis of robots practical use in serving guests, it is offered to classify their functions into three categories: reception of visitors, reception of orders and their delivery, automation of processes. It has been established that the robotisation implementation improves the quality of service provision in restaurant industry establishments. This can be explained by the increasing tendency in the degree of the guests’ satisfaction with their needs, and the originality of such an idea. The elaborated scheme of using robots for serving guests in restaurant industry establishments consists of four consecutive stages: meeting guests, choosing a table, transferring the order and the guests’ payments. Conclusions and discussion. Approaches to service process robotisation have been studied. It has been established that robotisation improves the quality of services in restaurant industry establishments. The spheres of robots use have been outlined. Additionally, SWOT analysis has been carried out, which shows positive and negative sides, as well as prospects and risks of using robots in restaurants. The scheme for serving guests using robots in restaurant industry establishments has been elaborated.

Objective. To present a virtual three-dimensional model of pathologically altered segments of the patient’s spine and to analyze the results of its application when planning a surgical intervention in the smartphone-assisted augmented reality. Material and Methods. A three-dimensional modeling of the target area of the intended surgical site was performed based on computed tomography data of five patients with various spinal deformities. A smartphone application has been developed that allows displaying a three-dimensional object of the intended surgical site in the form of augmented reality. Results. The created virtual three-dimensional models were successfully used in five cases for preoperative planning and simulation train- ing before surgery, which allowed to see in detail the anatomical features of the spine, the location of vascular structures when contrasting them, and to plan the direction of the screws. The potential of using augmented reality in clinical practice was demonstrated. Conclusion. The advantages of the smartphone-assisted augmented reality technology for preoperative planning in spine surgery are the simplicity of creating a computer model, the possibility for a surgeon to use a three-dimensional model for orientation in complex anatomi- cal zone at any time of surgery, and the reduction in the risk of technical errors.

This paper presents a case study of rallies in absentia which took place in Russia during the quarantine of 2020 on the platform Yandex.Navigator. Created by tech giant Yandex and similar to Google Maps, it allows users to check in at a particular geographic location and post comments, as if one were physically present. On April 20, 2020, multiple users in major Russian cities simultaneously checked in at symbolically significant urban sites like Red Square in Moscow and demanded the declaration of a national state of emergency and the compensation of financial losses. Due to the functionality of the digital tool that was used to create the augmented reality of a video game, participants re-enacted the “space of appearance” (the term by Hannah Arendt) where bodies in their plurality put forward claims to those in power by performing their message. This interpretation draws on the concepts of public space, performativity, and virtual/augmented reality to suggest that it is productive to think of this rally in terms of the heuristic potential of the case. The rally can be seen as a generic case of virtual gatherings that might be sustained with the help of digital technologies creatively repurposed for political uses in an increasingly digitised world.

The paper considers immersive technologies in education. Augmented reality classifications are provided depending on the data presentation methods, the type of AR devices, according to the type of information provided by the augmented reality, and the areas of use. The importance of augmented reality in education, in particular for the support and development of STEAM education in school, is determined. An example of a STEAM project for a secondary school using augmented reality is given. Formulation of the problem. The need for research due to various factors impact on education, namely increased requirements for competitive youth, pandemic caused COVID-19, increasing the role of distance and online learning, digitalization of various human activities, giving special importance to digital literacy, inquiry-based science education, project-based learning, challenge-based learning, etc. A significant problem arises in the process of organizing practical and laboratory classes in non-humanities, where the formation of competencies takes place in the process of using laboratory equipment and inter-action with technical facilities. Therefore, the main task of our study is to replace real laboratory equipment with virtual, which is implemented by virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR) and is one of the possible approaches in terms of distance learning, STEAM education approach and quarantine. Materials and methods. To achieve the purpose of our study we used the following methods: a systematic and comparative analysis of pedagogical, psychological, philosophical, sociological findings, methodological and specialized literature; analysis of the pedagogical experience of using the AR for STEAM approach in school; synthesis and generalization to formulate the main points of the study; interviews and questionnaires of teachers about their understanding and attitude to augmented reality as a means of supporting STEAM education in school; interpretation of the research results. Results. Teachers were interviewed about their attitudes and understanding of AR to support STEAM education and to identify the main augmented reality functions in conducting STEAM projects in schools. Conclusions are made on the attitude of teachers to the use of augmented reality to support and develop STEAM education and the main augmented reality functions, which teachers consider the most important for students to implement STEAM projects. Conclusions. AR applications can enhance the learning process, learning motivation and effectiveness; help teachers to overlay information, visuals, and different forms of content on an ordinary chalkboard, providing contextual and relevant results, to enhance learning; improve student performance, help focus the user's attention on specific tasks. AR bring significant specifics to the teachers' professional activities and student learning, to the transformation of the content of education. AR provide the formation and development of a new information method of presentation and assimilation of material, are high-tech didactic tools. Our further research is the creation of algorithms for the use of AR for lessons and projects using the STEAM approach, which will improve the quality of education at general education institutions.

The article has dealt with the current trends of communication aspects of company’s relations with the customers. The emphasis is placed on the necessity to review the companies’ marketing strategies, in particular, due to communication constraints and the corresponding changes in the format of both direct and feedback with the customers. Restrictive measures have changed the format of competition, having created the conditions for its concentration in cyberspace. Changes in the nature of interpersonal communication predetermined by the limited personal activity and the introduction of remote forms of interaction, have generated demand for innovative ways of communication with customers. Other factors that require the adjustment of marketing strategies include the emergence of new behavioral capabilities of consumers associated with the intensive development of digital communication channels. It has been noted that in the digital communication environment, digital platforms provide the main format of communication with the existing customer base and potential customers. In addition, prompt acquisition and processing of data on purchasing behavior of customers allows companies to increase significantly the “sensitivity” of marketing research and optimize their own marketing decisions. Among the areas of increasing targeting and personalization of product offerings, the use of elements of artificial intelligence and voice search has been accentuated. Moreover, the use of artificial intelligence greatly facilitates and simplifies the work of marketers on the processing and initial analysis of the growing flow of digital marketing data, as well as provides greater efficiency. It has been concluded that widespread use of voice assistants in e-commerce requires companies to rethink radically their approaches to internal data processing, IT investment and customer engagement strategies. Active integration of chatbots into various communication platforms is able to make them universal tools for both business and consumers, which will allow them to become a familiar part of the user experience. Implementation of virtual reality and augmented reality elements in the interface of company websites can significantly diversify the process of collecting information by users and push them to unplanned purchases. It has been indicated that the growing standards of personalization and new rules of customer confidentiality will continue to require companies to be flexible and introduce new technologies in order to adapt permanently their business to new conditions. Focusing on building trust with customers based on digital communications will enable companies to create a long-term integrated marketing strategy and concentrate on the multi-channel nature of customer experience

This study is aimed to examine based on industrial competition analysis, functional business analysis, Lean Canvas Model and Blue Ocean Strategy and the feasibility of investing in the formation of digital-based reality Start-upper printing at AIGOO.ID. The method used is descriptive qualitative and explanatory methods, namely the Mix method which is the observation and interviewing, coding, and triangulation. The results of STP's research that lead to positive and sustainable market trends can be seen from the Augmented Reality-based digital printing business plan has a good opportunity. It is derived from sharing with competitors who are already successful like their predecessors and so are the results of the marketing mix design made with reference to the 7P + 1 marketing mix. The basis for achieving consistency in public services is an effort to maximize the application of standard operating procedures in every aspect of the production process. In the financial sector, companies prepare financial technology software in the future and try to solve human errors.

At present, one of the promising directions of development in the field of information technologies is augmented reality, which offers access to real-world data through the device's camera using an interactive data display approach. Augmented reality is widely applied in various areas of life: beginning from game applications, finishing with professional applications for briefing, training for personnel in a manufacturing sector, heavy mechanical engineering and the high-tech sector, thereby providing an opportunity to use virtual instructions for implementation of the qualified operations. Also, the main way to apply augmented reality is location service - the possibility to track the position of objects on the geographic information map in real time. The article discusses ways of constructing routes in augmented reality on the field of location service data and explores the peculiarities of application. Problems identified when applying the above method are analyzed. An example of route construction is given on the map with reference to location service data and on the stage of augmented reality with calculated coordinates of route points. Methods of converting geographical coordinates into coordinates of augmented reality scene are presented.

The article is devoted to the evolution of law in a digital society in a semantic approach. The rapid development of digital technologies is characterized by contradictory trends. The new technical and technological reality can be terminal for the development of society if people entrust themselves to a "digit" and will not reasonably and responsibly organize their social relations in terms of legal regulation. A more humane version is to consider digital models as a tool for solving social problems. In this way, law should acquire the quality of the main tool of such transformations and along with new functions; those functions are expert-analytical, forecasting, priority adaptation, standardization of technological control. The problem of meaning of law in a digital society can be attributed to most important problems. It covers a wide range of debatable issues: the relation-ship between the real and the virtual in law, consideration of artificial intelligence as a possible subject of law, distinction between truth and plausibility in law, se-miotic nature and methodology of cognizing the meaning of law in the world of signs, symbols, codes, etc. The purpose of the article is to formulate the author's view on the dynamics of the laws meaning in a digital society from the point of view of ontology, epistemology, methodology and applied aspect of knowledge. Research methods: formal legal, analysis, interpretation, forecasting, and modeling. The results of the study. In a digital society, law is being transformed into digital semiotic and augmented reality, with technology as an integral part of it. In these conditions, law, according to author, will preserve the regulatory and value potential for human society on condition that software machine codes are integrated into the human environment, and used to the benefit of a human being. There-fore, the traditional procedures of law-making, interpretation, concretization, application of law and dynamic meaning-making will remain relevant; by analogy with them, the software allowing to interact with the machine will be created and developed. The article arrives at the concludion that cognition of the meaning of law in a digital society rests in the search for the truth: law is a human reality and scientific and technological progress is evaluated in compliance with it.

Problem and goal. Methods are proposed for solving the problem of searching for information technologies, which, due to new approaches to information visualization, can increase the efficiency of students mastering hieroglyphics - one of the main and most difficult to study components of Chinese language learning systems. As a way to solve this problem, the application of augmented reality technology can be proposed, provided that the means and forms of its effective use are found in the framework of teaching the Chinese language in school. The aim of the study described in the article was the development and experimental confirmation of the effectiveness of approaches to teaching students in school hieroglyphic writing and the semantic interpretation of hieroglyphs based on the use of augmented reality tools. Methodology. A practical study was carried out on the basis of the formation of the experimental (63 people) and control (71 people) groups of students in grades 5 and 6. Schoolchildren of the experimental group were trained using augmented reality tools, hieroglyph markers, a specially selected collection of 3D models and developed tasks for comparing hieroglyphs and their semantic meanings, searching for hieroglyphics by their meanings, developing 3D models for visualizing the meanings of hieroglyphs. The analysis of the level of lexical skills of schoolchildren in terms of comparing hieroglyphs and their semantic values was carried out using integral indicators using methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It is shown that the proposed approach to using augmented reality technologies in the framework of teaching the Chinese language at school is effective. It is justified to create and develop collections of electronic versions of hieroglyphs and virtual objects that reflect the meaning of the main hieroglyphs studied at school. An effective method is when the students themselves are involved in such developments. Such approaches can play a significant role in informatization of educational systems for schoolchildren, as well as in establishing additional interdisciplinary ties. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches to the development of systems for preparing schoolchildren to study hieroglyphics in the framework of teaching the Chinese language based on the use of augmented reality technology has been experimentally confirmed. During the study, schoolchildren of the 5th and 6th grades showed an increased level of lexical skills in terms of comparing hieroglyphs and their semantic meanings, searching and writing hieroglyphs for a given semantic value.

Abstract: The image of the global aviation industry is dramatically changing. This derives in the first instance from dynamic development of the military and civil aircraft market, where a significant growth in demand and an increase in airliner deliveries over the next 15 years by at least 80% was forecasted. Aircraft manufacturers' revenues in services business, including maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) are boosting, too. All this provide favorable conditions for the development of new production technologies in the aviation sector, including Additive Manufacturing (AM) and Augmented Reality (AR). Though the research and development in the field of AM an AR began in the 1980s, only in the last decade AM and AR technologies have reached the necessary level of maturity to be widely used in design, manufacturing and assembly processes in aeronautics, including civil and military aircraft. There are good prospects for their use in aircraft’ maintenance, repair and overhaul as well. The transition from the initial period of formation of AM and AR technologies to the stage of technological growth and rapid development of relevant markets is evidenced by a number of factors. First of all, they include establishment of "dominant" technological designs based on AM and AR (certified additive production methods, new materials based on AM and machines for their production, special Augmented Reality headsets, etc.), as well as beginning of serial production of many AM-components and AR-platforms for the aviation industry. The participation of major aircraft manufacturers such as Boeing and Airbus in AM and AR R&D projects, the formation of "new" supply chains, the development of public-private partnerships (e.g. NAMII in the U.S.), as well as the formation of consortia and alliances of companies that develop and produce systems and parts for aircraft based on additive technologies and augmented reality, are also indicators of the transition to a new stage of development of these technologies and markets.

Subject of Research. The paper considers an optical module design method for augmented reality glasses. The module contains a translucent beam-splitting element that provides observation of real objects with superimposed additional virtual image (OST HMD — optical see-through head-mounted display). The central element of the optical module is a prism that views two channels simultaneously: a real world picture and a virtual image. As a result, the user is able to see an augmented reality image. The functional scheme of the optical module with the introduced eye tracking system is considered. Method. Optimization of the prism surfaces, as well as tilts and relative positions, was performed using Zemax OpticStudio. It is based on the idea of applying free-form surfaces, which enables the sizes to be reduced, the field of view to be increased and the image quality to be improved. Main Results. The initial parameters of the optical element and an algorithm for optimization of free-form surfaces are developed, that gives the possibility to obtain a relatively wide field of vision (54° diagonally), compactness and high image quality parameters. Practical Relevance. The results of this work can be used in the design and development of augmented reality glasses in various fields, such as: medicine, online education, defense industry, sports, and marketing.

A method for the synthesis of holograms that reconstruct a 3D image using two 2D images, including a topographic map of the surface of a 3D object and photographs of the texture of its surface obtained using coherent and incoherent radiation is proposed. The method is suitable for transmitting information about a 3D object via a communication channel at a distance and subsequent synthesis of holograms at a distance from the holography object. It can be used in augmented reality devices, when creating holographic cameras and 3D video cameras, in 3D projectors and microscopes, devices with a synthesized aperture. The proposed method for the remote hologram synthesis is suitable for reproducing 3D holographic images of distant objects at different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. Examples of 3D image restoration in the infrared spectral range are given. The method is also suitable for the synthesis of holograms in the UV, THz, and even radio range.

Sarmizegetusa Regia was included, together with the other five Dacian fortresses, on the List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in 1999. They are a unique synthesis of external cultural influences and local traditions in terms of building techniques and overall, in the ancient military architecture, representing the grand expression of the civilisation of the Dacian Kingdom. These fortresses are the accurate expression of the exceptional development level of the Dacian civilisation, Sarmizegetusa Regia lying at the forefront of this fortified complex, epitomizing the evolution phenomenon from fortified centres to proto-urban agglomerations. As such, promoting these monuments and the numerous artefacts discovered by modern methods and techniques should become a priority. This paper presents a series of last generation applications and equipment that may be successfully used in promoting cultural heritage. Case studies include scanned artefacts and 3D reconstructions of the monuments in the site of Sarmizegetusa Regia, a monument on the UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites together with the other five Dacian fortresses (Bănița, Costești-Blidaru, Costești-Cetățuie, Piatra Roșie and Căpâlna). We present here the results obtained following the use of several hardware tracking systems, augmented virtual reality applications and haptic devices. One of the important aspects, when attempting to make enhanced on-line use of heritage good is the extent to which it is accessible and reusable by various categories of users, either specialists or the general public. Digitalizing a good in the cultural heritage is the first step for ensuring the broad access via the on-line medium, the quality of this process ensuring the electronic format artefact legitimacy and credibility, which means that it should be an electronic duplicate truthful to the real artefact.

The article analyzes the main socio-philosophical problems of the transformation of modern global media in the development of information and communication technologies, which involves the active emergence of new generation communication channels. The main factors substantiating the process of intensive structural and functional transformation of the entire media system are disclosed. Various approaches to the definition of the concept of "media space" are analyzed. The main features of modern media space as such and media space in its connection with social space are determined. It is proved that the development and transformation of media is carried out under the influence of new technological trends, which determine the main vector of development of society as a whole. Analyzing the main technological trends of the near future, a forecast is provided on how the media space and society are being transformed, in particular, attention is focused on the emergence of cyberspace with elements of virtual and augmented reality, as well as artificial intelligence as new interactive types of media. Particular attention in this publication is given to the problem of the creation and functioning of artificial intelligence. It is considered that the problem of artificial intelligence in modern science has embraced a wide range of studies. Modern philosophical reflections on artificial intelligence represent a wide problem field that is constantly changing and refined, and in the context of artificial intelligence, not only problems such as the prospects of self-organizing computer systems are studied, but also the ethical aspects of the application of artificial intelligence technologies. It is noted that an understanding of the concept of artificial intelligence does not exist today, and therefore further reflections on it can not only specify these areas of research, but also radically change the currently prevailing idea of the possibility and potential of artificial intelligence.

Augmented reality facial effects represent a new trend in social media communication based on ‘short forms’. The article proposes a tripartite analysis: a semiotic analysis of digital facial effects used to empower the natural users’ faces; a deconstructionist analysis of Spark by Meta, one of the major software applications to create such effects and, finally, a critical reflection on the practices prescribed by Spark and the stereotypical aesthetics of augmented selfies. The conclusion states that such forms of augmented reality effects must be conceived not as oriented to the cognitive improvement of users’ performance but rather as forms of users’ empowerment and self-awareness.

The experience of creating and utilizing learning materials for the construction of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) systems for aspiring STEM teachers is examined in the paper. For the creation of instructional materials, the Unity visual design environment, Visual Studio for programming, and the Google VR and Vuforia platforms were selected. The page provides a description of the course's material. The study examines the course participants' perceptions. As a qualitative data collecting technique, interviews were used to gather the research data. To sum up, the course's creation encourages the growth of digital proficiency in the creation and application of cutting-edge teaching tools.

Virtual reality (VR) has found a variety of applications in the biomedical field. It refers to a computer-generated, three-dimensional image of objects, space and even whole events. It is an extremely promising prospect for medicine, both in the training area and as an aid in carrying out certain procedures or diagnostic processes. The number of conducted research and great interest of scientists in this subject indicates that in the future it will be one of the basic tools of medical personnel in diagnostic processes and therapy. It could be also helpful addition to increase education quality of medical students and specialization education. VR increased the safety of surgical training and has significantly improved it, creating completely new possibilities of imaging complex structures during operations and extending the possibilities of already existing imaging examinations. What is important, VR can be successfully adapted for use by specialists from various, often extremely different medical fields. This article describes the use of virtual reality (both VR and AR technologies) in medical training, procedures and diagnostics.

The ultimate result of training should be acquisition of practical skills and be able to apply those abilities for particular purposes. The process of the development of such training depends on its goal, subject, and target group (trainees). The article will discuss two types of tools to support students' involvement in the learning process – knowledge pills and the Augmented Reality online application. The article also presents the results of the e-MOTIVE project (Methods and tools for efficient use of existing resources and for support of the development of effective training content by VET teachers).

The evolution and search for new means of expression in the visual arts is currently associated with the direct influence of media technologies. The visual arts have become a subcategory of the media culture which offers the viewer a variety of sophisticated and technically high-quality visual products. The opportunity of creating virtual, immersive and interactive art spaces attracts attention of artists, involved in the collective creativity of art groups, including IT engineers and designers. In terms of their contents, contemporary art projects often represent controversy or dialogue with tradition, developing aesthetics of pop culture and post-humanistic aesthetics. Many works of visual art today present virtual or semi-virtual performances which immerse the viewer in a special environment of images of mixed reality. The main task of modern installations is to create a new experience on the border of the physical and virtual body. Reconsideration of physicality as the antithesis of virtuality is unfolding in the projects of the actively developing trend of bio-art. Contemporary theater is also integrating screen technologies as a new artistic means. The role of the screen in the theater can be either purely technical, facilitating the director’s visualization of the script, or semantically valuable and, to some extent, thought provoking. The latter is more significant for the theatrical process, as it not only carries the potential for the development of technical equipment and stage machinery, but also opens up a new space and means for creativity. The most promising perspectives of the screen and projection usage in the light of synthetic arts and the development of high technologies are foreseen in enhancing their independence. Understanding the screen as an independent artistic feature along with the script, actors, set design, sound solution, the light score may be construed as an integral part of the theatrical language in the future. The authors of the article come to the conclusion that in most contemporary works of the visual arts today, artists record the process of the emergence of a new type of aesthetic perception of the “polyontological era”, where images are collected and generated in a new media dimension, as well as new forms of interaction between the viewer and works of art. Развитие и поиск новых выразительных средств в визуальных искусствах в настоящее время связан с непосредственным влиянием экранных технологий. Изобразительное искусство становится субкатегорией медиакультуры, которая предлагает зрителю сложный и качественный в техническом отношении визуальный продукт. Стремление виртуализировать образы, создавая иммерсивные и интерактивные художественные пространства, обретает все большую актуальность среди художников, развиваясь не только в индивидуальном, но чаще в коллективном творчестве арт-групп, включающих IT инженеров и дизайнеров. По своему содержанию современные арт-проекты часто представляют собой полемику или диалог с традицией с привлечением эстетики поп-культуры и постгуманизма. Многие произведения визуального искусства сегодня представляют собой виртуальные или полувиртуальные перформансы, погружающие зрителя в особую среду образов смешанной реальности. Главной задачей современных инсталляций становится создание нового опыта на границе телесного и виртуального. Переосмысление телесности как антитезы виртуальности разворачивается в проектах активно развивающегося направления со-временного искусства биоарт. Современный театр также интегрирует экранные технологии в арсенал своих художественных средств. Роль экрана в театре может быть как сугубо технической, облегчающей режиссеру построение визуального текста спектакля, так и семантически ценной и, в некоторой степени, смыслообразующей. Последняя имеет большее значение для театрального процесса, так как несет в себе не только потенциал развития технического оснащения и сценической машинерии театра, но и открывает новое пространство и направление для творчества. Наиболее перспективное использование экрана и проекции в свете синтетических искусств и развития высоких технологий видится в усилении их самостоятельности. Понимание экрана и проекции как самостоятельного художественного звена наряду со сценарием, актерами, сценографией, звуковым решением, световой партитурой является неотъемлемой частью театрального языка в будущем. Авторы статьи приходят к заключению, что в большинстве современных произведений визуального искусства художник фиксирует перестройку и возникновение нового типа эстетического восприятия человека эпохи полионтизма, где образы коллекционируются и генерируются в новом медийном измерении, а также апробируются новые формы взаимодействия зрителя и произведения искусства.

The article continues the series of works by the authors on the possibilities of modern technologies in spatial design. The technologies of augmented and finite reality are considered: their use in the construction industry in significant terms and, in more detail, in academic and practical design by architects and designers. Undergraduate spatial-design student works completed in 2021 illustrate the use of modern technologies in the interior design of higher educational institutions. It is hoped it will be of interest to both higher school teachers and students of architectural specialties.

The article deals with the didactic issues of interactive learning environments development for ESP (English for special purposes) studying in virtual or augmented reality. It is proved that such educational environments as a means of students English-speaking professionally oriented educational activity organization has an active character, includes multimedia, is a professionally and communicatively designed course for ESP teaching and learning and corresponds to a combined type of computer programs. Issues of foreign language future users communicative language competence as a learning goal which can be realized on the condition of mastering in such types of speech activity as perception, production, interaction and mediation are considered. The system of training exercises is given taking into account the communicative activities interaction and instructions for their implementation into the conditions of an artificial (virtual or augmented reality) interactive educational environment are considered. The main instruments that should be implemented into the educational environment with the purpose of ESP study in a higher education establishment are identified. As a result of the experiment, it was revealed that out of nine exercises aimed at developing of ESP communication skills, five of them should contain tasks for listening, seven for speaking (monologic and dialogical), five for writing, three for reading, two of them should be on mediation. Such quantity of communicative exercises in combination with elements of computer games embedded in the educational environment and opportunities for students to design some educational elements (video, blogs, web pages, chats) independently provide a student-centric model of the learning process and have necessary motivation.

Uzmanlar tarafından akademik başarıyı artırmak için farklı öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullanılmaktadır. Son zamanlarda dikkat çeken eğitimde Artırılmış Gerçeklik (AG) uygulamaları da bunlardan biridir. Türkiye’de öğrencilerin matematik dersi başarı seviyelerinin genellikle düşük olması ve öğrenciler arasında matematik dersine yönelik olumsuz tutumların yaygın olmasından hareketle bir AG eğitim uygulamasının matematik öğretmen adaylarının akademik motivasyonlarına herhangi bir etkisinin olup olmadığının test edilmesi amacıyla bu araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada tek gruplu öntest-sontest deneysel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bir Eğitim Fakültesinin İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmenliği Bölümü birinci sınıfında öğrenim gören ve araştırmaya katılma konusunda gönüllü olan 38 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmen adaylarına artırılmış gerçeklikle matematik öğretimi uygulamalarının anlatımı iki alan uzmanı tarafından dört haftalık bir eğitim sürecinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama öncesi ve sonrasında Akademik Motivasyon Ölçeği uygulanarak araştırma verileri toplanmıştır. Veriler SPSS 18.00 programı kullanılarak ilişkili örneklemler için t-Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda matematikte AG uygulamalarının akademik motivasyona ilişkin olumlu düzeyde anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Buradan hareketle AG uygulamalarının daha da yaygınlaştırılarak, çeşitli düzeylerdeki matematik öğretim programlarına entegrasyonunun sağlanması önerilebilir.

Virtual reality (VR) has found a variety of applications in the biomedical field. It refers to a computer-generated, three-dimensional image of objects, space and even whole events. It is an extremely promising prospect for medicine, both in the training area and as an aid in carrying out certain procedures or diagnostic processes. The number of conducted research and great interest of scientists in this subject indicates that in the future it will be one of the basic tools of medical personnel in diagnostic processes and therapy. It could be also helpful addition to increase education quality of medical students and specialization education. VR increased the safety of surgical training and has significantly improved it, creating completely new possibilities of imaging complex structures during operations and extending the possibilities of already existing imaging examinations. What is important, VR can be successfully adapted for use by specialists from various, often extremely different medical fields. This article describes the use of virtual reality (both VR and AR technologies) in medical training, procedures and diagnostics.

The subject matter of article is method of image processing, which identify and describe the local features of images. The aim of the article is the determination of ways for interconnection of the methods for processing the image and technologies creation in the development of markers in the systems of additional reality. The following tasks are solved in the article: to analyze the existing methods and algorithms for finding objects in two-dimensional images to determine the basic marker recognition technology in the complementary reality systems. Analyzed genetic, neural network, statistical and fractal methods, as well as approaches to the algorithms implementation of in the software construction for systems of complementary reality. The next results were obtained: a review and a comparative analysis of the main known algorithms for detecting key points in the images were conducted. It was suggested in the development of marker recognition methods it is necessary to develop a procedure of preliminary image processing for the formation algorithms of the front image for the marker under different conditions of obtaining images. At segmentation stages, it is expedient to use genetic algorithms based on the best indicators of proper segmentation and low processing time, but it is necessary to develop functions that are appropriate for the format of the markers. Improve existing methods for processing segmentation results based on a criterion base describing a visual model representing a marker. Conclusions: as a result of the analysis, the following conclusion can be drawn. The fastest and the most accurate algorithm for putting key points is the genetic algorithm (average time of the algorithm is 5.23 seconds, the number of correct answers is 84.25). The longest working time is the neural network method - 8.45 seconds, the accuracy of this algorithm is also the lowest - 52. Another advantage of the algorithm of point matching is that if the object goes beyond the frame and then returns again, the program will again continue to track this object. This is supported by algorithms of machine learning. You can also notice that the SIFT calculation works much faster than fractal texture analysis. These results suggest that there are currently no methods for recognizing markers, allowing high accuracy of less than one unit to recognize in a short time. In our opinion, one of the promising directions is the use of Royan methods, namely the development of target functions for accurate and fast recognition of the image by markers.

Dan Brown’s success finds reasons in multiple factors, social, morphological, cognitive and commercial: the cross-medial restructuring of aesthetic communication on a global scale; the use of zero-sum homeostatic mechanisms in shaping themes, characters and meanings; the mixing of history and fiction; the disappearance of naturalistic elements; the time structuring of plots in «packs», cognitively easy to comprehend; the presence of urban settings, recognizable and meaningful for the global tourist; the elimination of ambiguous elements, favouring an aesthetic orientation to problem solving.

The rapid development of information technology has given impetus to the modernization of the educational system in general and in medicine in particular. The new millennium was marked by the emergence of programs that could algorithmize and systematize terabytes of information from various sources, adapt and translate arrays of information into simple, accessible visual objects. This is where the Augmented Reality (AR) technology is built. AR is a term designating all projects aimed at complementing reality with any virtual elements. Printed publications are a separate direction for using augmented reality. In the press, this technology has found its place in presenting relevant news, reporting, interviews, advertising, etc. However, today no medical journal in the world uses the augmented reality. And only the publication P.L. Shupik NMAPE and NAMS of Ukraine, in particular the journal “Reproductive Endocrinology”, for the FIRST time begin the program of application of AR for their printed materials. In the magazine “Reproductive Endocrinology” the doctor will be able to not only read about pathologists and see a normal photo, but also reproduce the video of the process of diagnosis or treatment, and consider the image in three-dimensional 3D form. Thanks to AR-technology, separate articles of the magazine with a special note will allow to expand the reader's possibilities in obtaining and perceiving information. AR technology works on a very simple algorithm: 1. To get started, you need to download the Accemedin AR program to your smartphone. You can find it yourself on the AppStore sites for iOS and Google Play for Android, or scan the QR code and follow the link. 2. Before starting the program, you need to make sure that the camera is working on the smartphone. 3. After launching the program, point the camera at the object with a special note and view the information in augmented reality.

Vitrual semantics of city In the era of information revolution we are communicating via the web. Reflections, thoughts and information are transmitted by building up the language of augmented reality. In communication networks, while leading a chat, we are also influenced by advertisements. It is a kind of multiple contact with the network of friends, strangers, journalists and advertising agents. Symbols and patterns transmitted by tradition are given their virtual dimension, their universal archetypes adjust their character to the present. The Modern Man, a network user, tries to use the new tool – the computer – more efficiently. The Internet network is often compared to the extension of the human neural system. The computer as a medium of art was used to create an additional space - the virtual reality. It showed how interesting spaces can be created by combining art and technology. The combination of the human specificity of contact, language, and new technology creates tremendous opportunities and threats. Transhumanism is a possibility in which we would seek a symbiosis between the man and technology, so as not to create a conflict between the biological body and its electronic contact networks. The semantics of the city, despite of its changing nature, may have human-specific qualities, but its media expression may allow for incomparably richer network of contacts.