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With the rapid expansion of the scale of nuclear energy, the proper treatment of radioactive waste generated by the nuclear industry has become one of the most important issues for the further development of nuclear energy. Cyclodextrin, as a kind of cyclic oligosaccharide composed of several glucopyranose units, has a good prospect of application in the field of radioactive ions adsorption and separation, because of its special molecular structure of internal hydrophobicity and external hydrophilicity. However, due to the presence of a large number of hydroxyl groups in the cyclodextrin molecules, they are easily soluble in water. Generally, the solidification of cyclodextrins to insoluble solids is always needed before being used as adsorption materials. Depending on the different methods of " solidification", cyclodextrin based adsorbent materials can be divided into three types: loaded cyclodextrin materials, cyclodextrin polymer materials, and cyclodextrin inclusion complex materials. The synthesis and application research advances of the three types of cyclodextrin adsorbent materials in radioactive ion adsorption and separation are summarized, the related adsorption mechanisms are discussed. Besides, the perspectives of the cyclodextrin based adsorbents in the field of radioactive ion adsorption are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rutin has a variety of pharmacological activities, in order to solve the application defects caused by its poor water solubility. In this paper, rutin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) inclusion complexes were prepared by solvent evaporation method and analysed for structure, solubility, antioxidant activity and stability. The analysis of the inclusion complex showed that HPCD could effectively encapsulate rutin in a molar ratio of 1:1, and its encapsulation efficiency and drug loading rate were 89.33% and 26.67%, respectively. The solubility of the inclusion complex in water was 51 times higher than that of rutin. After complexation, the crystal diffraction peaks of rutin disappeared and the temperature of the maximum weight loss increased from 266 ℃ to 318 ℃ and solid inclusion complex forms showed an irregular sheet-like structures indicating a successful complexation of rutin by HPCD. The IC50 of the inclusion complex for scavenging DPPH radicals and ABTS cationic radicals was significantly lower than that of rutin (P

Rutin has a variety of pharmacological activities, in order to solve the application defects caused by its poor water solubility. In this paper, rutin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) inclusion complexes were prepared by solvent evaporation method and analysed for structure, solubility, antioxidant activity and stability. The analysis of the inclusion complex showed that HPCD could effectively encapsulate rutin in a molar ratio of 1:1, and its encapsulation efficiency and drug loading rate were 89.33% and 26.67%, respectively. The solubility of the inclusion complex in water was 51 times higher than that of rutin. After complexation, the crystal diffraction peaks of rutin disappeared and the temperature of the maximum weight loss increased from 266 ²C to 318 ²C and solid inclusion complex forms showed an irregular sheet-like structures indicating a successful complexation of rutin by HPCD. The IC50 of the inclusion complex for scavenging DPPH radicals and ABTS cationic radicals was significantly lower than that of rutin (P<0.05), and its ferric ion reduction capacity was 1.2 times that of rutin. The stability study also showed a higher retention rate of rutin in the inclusion complex after exposure to natural light for 6 days (31.80%, 66.70%) or heat treatment at 50 ²C for 15 days (66.91%, 87.38%). The complexation of rutin by HPCD significantly improved its solubility, antioxidant activity and stability, which could be used in different environments to exert its health functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GLD/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes were prepared by encapsulating glabridin (GLD) with hydroxypropyl (HP) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to improve the solubility of GLD in water. The morphology, the existing form of GLD, the interaction between GLD and HP-β-CD and the spatial conformation of the inclusion complexes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and molecular docking, respectively. Furthermore, the dissolution and release characteristics of GLD/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes were investigated in vitro in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. The permeability of GLD/HP-β-CD through the mucus layer was studied using the Transwell method, and the spatial conformation and interaction of GLD and mucins were investigated by molecular docking. The small intestinal uptake of GLD in GLD/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes was studied using Caco-2 cells, and the effect of the vector HP-β-CD on GLD uptake and the possible underlying mechanism were investigated. The results showed that the encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of GLD in GLD/HP-β-CD were 90.03% and 14.51%, respectively, and HP-β-CD could significantly increase the saturation solubility of GLD in water to 109.36 mg/mL. SEM showed that the GLD/HP-β-CD solid inclusion complexes were irregularly flake-shaped. DSC showed that GLD in the GLD/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes was present in an amorphous non-crystalline form. FTIR and DSC fully demonstrated that HP-β-CD encapsulated GLD in the cavity to form an inclusion complex. Molecular docking showed that GLD molecules were able to completely enter the cavity of HP-β-CD, the optimal binding energy between GLD and HP-β-CD was −7.37 kcal/mol, and the interaction between molecules was mainly maintained by van der Waals force. Compared with free GLD, the cumulative dissolution rate of GLD/HP-β-CD at 1 h in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids was increased by 15.75 and 12.4 folds, respectively, and the total cumulative release rate at 24 h in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids was increased by 54 folds. The apparent permeability coefficient through the mucus layer was increased from 9.24 × 10-9 to 1.43 × 10-5 cm/s. Molecular docking showed a strong interaction between GLD and the mucin MUC2, and the uptake by Caco-2 cells was increased from 0.039 to 0.349 mg/g. The present study shows that GLD/HP-β-CD complexes can significantly increase the dissolution and release of GLD, and greatly improve the permeability of GLD through the mucus layer of the intestinal epithelial surface and the uptake of GLD by intestinal epithelial cells, thereby having the potential to enhance GLD absorption and improve the bioavailability of GLD.

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为探讨大环糊精（LRCD）对目标化合物的封装效果，采用LRCD对α-生育酚进行包合，对包合物进行了傅里叶红外（FTIR）和核磁共振氢谱（1H NMR）表征，并通过分子动力学（MD）模拟技术，对聚合度为9、10、14和26的LRCD与α-生育酚形成包合物的过程进行模拟，通过分析包合过程中包合物的构象、均方根偏差（RMSD）、回转半径（Rg）变化考察包合物的稳定性，同时分析包合过程中LRCD与α-生育酚之间的相互作用能。结果表明：FTIR、1H NMR证实了包合物的形成；不同聚合度的LRCD空间构象呈不同的环状结构，在对α-生育酚包合过程中，随着模拟时间的延长，LRCD的环状结构随α-生育酚分子的变化不断变化，并最终将α-生育酚包合至LRCD环状结构中，此过程中包合物的RMSD和Rg趋于稳定，最终形成稳定的包合物；LRCD与α-生育酚形成稳定的包合物主要靠二者之间的静电相互作用。该研究可以为利用LRCD作为食品和工业中香气/香精化合物封装的潜在固体基质载体提供参考。 To investigate the encapsulation effect of large ring cyclodextrin (LRCD) on the target compounds, LRCD was used to encapsulate α-tocopherol, and the inclusion complex was characterized by Fourier infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR), and the formation of inclusion complexes between LRCD and α-tocopherol with polymerization degrees of 9, 10, 14 and 26 was simulated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique. The stability of the inclusion complexes was investigated by analyzing the conformation, root mean square deviation (RMSD) and radius of gyration (Rg) changes during the inclusion process, and the interaction energy between LRCD and α-tocopherol during the inclusion process was also analyzed. The results showed that FTIR and 1H NMR confirmed the formation of inclusion complexes. The spatial conformation of LRCD with different degrees of polymerization showed different ring structures, and the ring structure of LRCD changed continuously with changes of α-tocopherol molecules during the encapsulation of α-tocopherol with the extension of simulation time, and finally encapsulated α-tocopherol into the ring structure of LRCD, during which the RMSD and Rg of the inclusion complex tended to stabilize and the final inclusion complex was stabe. LRCD and α-tocopherol could form stable inclusion complexes mainly by the electrostatic interaction between them. The study may provide a reference for using LRCD as a potential solid matrix carrier for encapsulation of aroma/flavor compounds in food and industry.

Taking advantages of nontoxicity and odorlessness, cyclodextrin and its derivatives can encapsulate some bioactive substances with poor water solubility and sensitivity to light, temperature, and pH, thus to enhance their aqueous solubility and stability, mask bad odor, and also targeted release them. This paper reviews recent researches on cyclodextrin-based delivery systems for carrying active substances. Firstly, several delivery systems based on cyclodextrin and its derivatives are introduced, including inclusion complexes, hydrogels, and Pickering emulsions. In this part, the advantages and drawbacks as well as the scope of applications of several common preparation methods of inclusion complex, i.e., coprecipitation method, ultrasonic method, grinding method, freeze-drying method and spray-drying method are detailed described and discussed. Then, the protection and delivery of cyclodextrin-based delivery systems to antibacterial agents, antioxidants, vitamins, proteins and other active ingredients in food industry are summarized. Finally, further research and application of cyclodextrin-based delivery systems in food industry are prospected, which would provide a theoretical basis for subsequent research.

In order to explore the effect of static magnetic field on the embedding performance of volatile drugs, the β-cyclodextrin and the Pogostemoncablin oil were used as embedded wall material and core material. The embedding rate of β-cyclodextrin and Pogostemoncablin oil under different binding parameters were analyzed at 0, 3, 6 and 10 mT static magnetic field. The results showed that the embedding rate of Pogostemoncablin oil increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of wall material mass fraction, core material mass fraction, wall core ratio, temperature, treatment time and rotational speed. Under the same inclusion conditions, compared with the control, the embedding rate of Pogostemoncablin oil increased significantly with the increase of static magnetic field intensity (P<0.05). Compared with the control, under 3, 6 and 10 mT static magnetic field, the embedding rate of Pogostemoncablin oil increased by 4.46%, 8.80% and 13.01% respectively when wall material of β- cyclodextrin with a mass fraction of 30% and the core material of Pogostemoncablin oil with a mass fraction of 80% were treated at 45 °C and 200 r/min for 2 h with a wall core ratio of 3:1. Static magnetic field enhanced the entrapment performance of the Pogostemoncablin oil inclusion compound, and this study provides a new reference method for promoting the embedding of volatile drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tiangong University is the property of Journal of Tianjin Polytechnic University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering is the property of Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Megastigmatrienone (MEG) is difficult to store, which affects the stability of cigarette flavoring. In order to improve the stability of MEG and the effect of flavoring and sustained release, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was used as the Inclusion materials, MEG and β-CD inclusion complexes (MEC) were prepared by saturated aqueous solution method, and MEC was characterized and tested for stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the formation of MEC. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis showed that the thermal stability of MEG was improved after inclusion. The heating rate was 10°C/min, and the temperature increased to 262.58 At ℃, the thermal stability of MEC was 71.37% higher than that of MEG. The results of the cigarette flavoring experiment showed that the scores of aroma quality, aroma quantity, concentration, miscellaneous air, irritation and aftertaste were increased by 6.45% in the MEC treatment compared with the MEG treatment., 8.06%, 9.84%, 3.27%, 1.59% and 3.33%. The preparation and stability test of MEG and β-CD inclusion compound can provide theoretical basis for MEG storage and cigarette flavoring application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Thymol can be used in food, medicine and other industries because of its antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory advantages. However, the characteristics of thymol such as poor water solubility, volatilization and special odor limit its wide use. In order to solve these problems, thymol β-CD inclusion complex was prepared b y saturated aqueous solution method using β-CD as wall material. The effects of wall core ratio, stirring time and stirring temperature on inclusion rate w er e studied. The optimum technological parameters for the preparation of thymol β-CD inclusion complex were explored. Then, the inclusion complex was characterized by XRD and Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy. The water solubility and high temperature stability of the inclusion complex were further analyzed. The results showed that the best preparation parameters of the thymol-β-CD inclusion complex : The wall-to- core ratio (molar ratio) w as 1 : 25 : 1, the stirring time was 2.6 h, the stirring temperature was 50°C, and the inclusion rate was 84.51 % . Compared with pure thymol, the inclusion complex of thymol β-CD showed stronger high temperature stability and water solubility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An inclusion complex of naringenin (NAR) and β-cyclodextrin (βCD) was prepared with ultrasonication. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR) indicated that the inclusion complex formed had some new physical/chemical properties. 1H NMR and ROESY spectroscopy revealed that the stable supramolecular inclusion complex was formed by having the benzene ring of NAR introduced into the big end of the βCD. The formation processes of NAR/βCD inclusion complex were also studied by quantum chemical calculations. It was revealed that enthalpy and hydrogen bonding weak interaction force were the driving forces behind the formation. The optimal inclusion mode obtained from energy gap and binding energy analyses were consistent with the most inclusive mode obtained from molecular docking analysis and the NMR results. These results were further confirmed by ONIOM calculation.

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective　To evaluate the effects of different solubilizing techniques on the in vitro dissolution and in vivo pharmacokinetics of Sirolimus (SRL). Methods　Solid dispersions (SD), inclusion complex (IC), self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) and nano-structured lipid carrier (NLC) were selected as the solubilization technology for SRL. SRLSMEDDS and SRL-NLC have obtained the optimal prescription in the previous studies. Additionally, the formulation process of SRL-SD and SRL-IC was screened by using inclusion rate and dissolution profiles as indicators. 0.4% SDS, water and buffer solutions with pH 1.2, 4.5, 6.8, 7.4 were used as dissolution media. The dissolution profile of the commercially available formulation Rapamune® and the lab-made solubilized preparations were investigated. The in vivo absorption of the above preparations was examined using a pharmacokinetic test in Beagle dogs. Results　In 0.4% SDS, the dissolution of each preparation exceeded 80% in 2 h. In the medium of pH 1.2, the dissolution of SRL-SD could not be measured while the dissolution of IC, SMEDDS and NLC increased first and then decreased. In other media, the dissolution of the SRL was reduced. The SRL-IC showed the best dissolution without a significant decrease. The relative bioavailability of APIs, SRL-SD, SRL-IC, SRL-NLC and SRLSMEDDS were 9.1%, 18.7%, 33.2%, 78.0%, and 97.6% respectively in vivo pharmacokinetic tests. Conclusion　SD, SMEDDS, NLC, and IC can improve the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of SRL. Among them, SMEDDS has the most significant improvement in the bioavailability of SRL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering is the property of Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To research quality standard on aifen of β-CD inclusion complex. METHODS: To identify and qualitative and quantitative analyze the inclusion complex by TLC, microscopic imaging and GC. RESULTS: Microscopic imaging can verify the formation of inclusion complex, and the analysis of TLC showed the sample and contrast had the same color spots with similar RF value. GC to measure the content of L-borneol, The L-borneol content of 6 inclusion complex were 15.11%-17.52%. The average content was 16.18%; and the average recovery rate was 98% (RSD=0.67%). CONCLUSIONS: The methods were simple, accurate, and can be used for quality control reference standard for the inclusion complex . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusion complexes of two β-lactam antibiotics, ampicillin (ABPC) and amoxicillin (AMPC), with β-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution has been studied by semi-empirical molecular orbital method. In a strongly acid solution, two different types of complexes with a 1:1 stoichiometry were formed. Complex_Ph, in which the phenyl ring of β-lactam antibiotics was oriented towards the cavity of CD, and Complex_Pe, in which the penam ring was oriented towards the cavity. In neutral or basic solution, only Complex_Ph was formed. These results match the results of microcalorimetry and H NMR spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare the effects of different preparation technologies on the concentrations of puerarin and catalpol in plasma and brain of rats after oral administration, in order to lay an experimental basis for developing new oral Zige preparations. The nanocrystal, self-microemulsions (tween-80 and Cremophor RH-40 as emulsifiers) and inclusion complex of HP-β-CD containing puerarin and catalpol were prepared. The concentrations of puerarin and catalpol in plasma and brain of rats after oral administration were determined by HPLC-MS/MS method. The pharmacokinetic parameters and brain target index were compared. The results showed that preparation technologies had different influences on the concentrations of puerarin and catalpol in plasma and brain. The self-microemulsion (tween-80) could significantly increase the oral absorption of puerarin than other technologies(P<0.05), and inclusion complex could remarkably increase the oral absorption of catalpol than nanocrystal(P<0.01). For puerarin, the brain targeting index of inclusion complex was the highest (P<0.05); but for catalpol, the brain targeting index of inclusion complex and self-microemulsions were both higher than nanocrystal (P<0.05). The self-microemulsion(tween-80) had the highest AUCbrain of puerarin than other groups (P<0.01); the inclusion complex had the highest AUCbrain for catalpol, but there was no significant difference compared with self-microemulsions. In conclusion, the self-microemulsion (tween-80) technology could increase the amount of puerarin and catalpol in brain, and was expected to be used in new oral Zige preparations., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)