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In order to promote the development of hair transplantation, particularly the establishment of standards, the Hair Transplantation Expert Group of Plastic and Aesthetic National Medical Quality Control Center invited experts in the field of hair transplantation across China and formed a draft of the Expert Consensus on Standard Terminology for Hair Transplantation based on the collation of relevant literature and monographs. By combining Delphi methodology and consensus meetings, the expert group conducted several rounds of consultations on issues such as follicular unit anatomy, harvesting, dissection, and implantation, ultimately presenting 54 terminologies. This consensus considers the original Chinese and English meanings as well as the professional characteristics of terms used in hair transplantation, highlights the unique features and advantages of hair transplantation, and preserves its essence while promoting innovation, with the hope of providing valuable reference for clinical researchers engaged in hair transplantation both domestically and internationally, and better facilitating the standardization and advancement of the field.

Objective To investigate the effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) innovative preservative on hair follicle activity of rat vibrissae under low temperature conditions. Methods From January 2021 to December 2023, the upper of hair follicle (UHF) from male SD rat vibrissae was used in the experiment. These UHF were equally divided into NS, IGF-1, EGF, and IGF-1+EGF preservation solutions groups. At 3, 6 and 12 hours, the cultured UHF were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The UHF co-cultured with NS and IGF-1+EGF for 3 hours were further transplanted into the dorsum of nude mice. After 24 hours, the transplanted UHF was taken to observe by HE staining and ALP activity. Results In vitro preservation, HE staining results indicated that the cultured UHF at 3 hours, the follicle structure and cell arrangement were normal without obvious changes. At 12 hours, only the IGF-1+EGF group had intact follicle structure and clear organization. Moreover, ALP values showed that the IGF-1+EGF group at 3, 6 and 12 hours were significantly higher than the NS group (P＜0.001). Overall, ALP activity gradually decreased over time. In vivo transplantation, HE staining results showed that the IGF-1+EGF group were structurally distinct with orderly cell arrangements, compared to the NS group. ALP values were significantly higher than NS group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The innovative preservation solutions containing IGF-1 and EGF under low temperatures, can effectively enhance the activity of UHF, and promote the success of hair follicle transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the effectiveness of comprehensive hairline transplantation in enhancing the youthful appearance of the central and upper facial area in women. Methods This study included 65 female participants with congenitally high and wide foreheads who underwent comprehensive hairline transplantation. Unlike traditional hairline transplantation, which focused solely on lowering the front hairline, this comprehensive approach included lowering the front hairline, hair transplantation in the temporal angle region, advancing the lateral hairline, partially densifying the sideburn area, and connecting the transition zones. The study observed the participants' general conditions, reduction in the central facial area, surgical information, naturalness of hair, patient satisfaction, and adverse reactions. Results The average coverage area of the central facial hairline transplant was (62.6±8.6) cm². The average number of follicular units transplanted was (3759±514), with a density of 30 to 60 units/cm². The average duration of surgery was (7±2) h. Patients rated the naturalness of their hair at 4.80 and their satisfaction at 4.91 on the Likert scale. No serious side effects were observed during the study. Conclusion Comprehensive hairline transplantation is effective and safe for enhancing the outline of the central and upper facial area in women, which could improve temporal depression and the visual width of the middle face. It achieves a natural density and appearance, with high patient satisfaction. This technique is worthy of clinical promotion for improving facial contour proportions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the effect of "tumescent and take" after full tumescent anesthesia in the dermis on wound recovery in the donor area during FUE hair transplantation. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 96 patients with androgenic alopecia or hairline adjustment who underwent FUE hair transplantation. Hair follicles were harvested from the occipital region as the dominant donor site for transplantation to recipient sites. The patients were divided into two groups according to the method of tumescent anesthesia in the donor area. The observation group consisted of 48 patients who received a limited range of “tumescent and take”intradermal injection of tumescent fluid in the donor site, while the control group included 48 patients who received conventional tumescent anesthesia in the donor site. Regular follow-up was conducted for 30 to 60 d to observe. The wound healing conditions of the two groups, such as exudation type, exudation volume, skin color around the wound, tissue type and healing time, were compared. Results Three days after the surgery, the observation group had lower scores than the control group for exudation volume, skin color around the wound, and tissue type. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). While there was no significant difference in terms of exudation type (P>0 .05). Four and five days after the operation, the differences of the score of exudate volume, exudation type and tissue type were statistically significant (P<0.05). Four days after the operation, the score of skin color around the wound was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Five days after the operation, the donor wounds of all patients were normal or pink. The healing time of observation group [(4.08±0.28) d] was significantly shorter than that of control group [(4.44±0.77) d] (t=-2.998, P<0.05). Four days after the surgery, the percentage of spotty pale red scar area in the donor area of the observation group [(8.69±1.28)%] was significantly lower than that of the control group [(9.69±2.19)%], and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.73, P<0.05). Conclusion In FUE hair transplantation, the wound healing condition of the donor area and speed of the patients with sufficient intradermal swelling and "tumescent and take" technique are significantly better than those of the conventional tumescent technique group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical application of follicular unit extraction (FUE) hair transplantation in male androgen alopecia (AGA). Methods From August 2016 to September 2018, male AGA patients operated with FUE hair transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.At one year after transplantation, clinical curative effect was evaluated by the survival hair density and follicles rate of FUE transplantation, meanwhile surgical complications, patient satisfaction rate and life quality score were measured and analyzed. Results A total of 126 male AGA patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included, with average age was (37±9.05) years and average disease course was (10±2.76) years.According to the Hamilton-Norwood grade standard, there were 5 grade Ⅱpatients, 55 grade Ⅲ patients, 54 grade Ⅳ patients, 10 grade Ⅴ patients, and 2 grade Ⅵ patients.At one year after transplantation, viable hair density on the anterior hairline and the top of the head was (65±7) FUs/cm2 and (43±4) FUs/cm2, respectively.The survival rate of hair follicles was more than 90%, even more than 95% among the 107 AGA patients.The effective rate was 100%(126/126), no serious complications occurred, and the satisfaction rate of patients was 97.6%(123/126).Besides, the scores of physical function, psychological function, social function and material life status of 126 AGA patients were significantly increased than those before transplantation (all P < 0.01). Conclusions FUE hair transplantation has significant clinical effect, and is highly safe and effective.With the potential to dramatically improve life quality, it can be widely applied in treatment of AGA.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of hair transplantation with autologous follicle on pubic hair reconstruction in women with loss of pubic hair. Methods A total of 38 patients with pubichair loss treated in Hair Transplantation Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College were recruited. The scalp strips from the safe donor area were taken and hair transplantation of autologous follicles was conducted for reconstruction. For patients with congenital pubic hair loss, according to the characteristics of female pubic hair distribution and the patient's own requirements, the inverted triangle design was used. For perimenopausal women, the shape of residual pubic hair was considered for design of the region of hair transplantation. For patients with scars, besides scar area implantation was paid attention to, it was also important to design the implantation area above the scar area according to the conditions in order to further cover the scar area with the implanted pubic hair. Results Thirty-eight patients were followed-up for 6 to 24 months. The hairs transplanted grew well. The appearance was close to the normal distribution of pubic hair, resulting in a satisfactory effect. Conclusion It is suggested to reconstruct female pubic hair loss with autologous follicles transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of follicular unit extraction (FUE) with shield-shaped preoperative design in treating advanced androgenetic alopecia in men. Methods Sixty-one male patients with Norwood-Hamilton grades V-VI androgenetic alopecia were treated with FUE involving shield-shaped preoperative planning. Observations included general patient conditions, surgical details, naturalness of hair, patient satisfaction, and adverse reactions. Results The 61 patients had an average of (3799± 444) FUs transplanted, with a single graft density of 60 FUs/cm2, and a multi-graft density of 30~50 FUs/cm2 . The average duration of surgery was (9.5±1.0) h. Patients rated the naturalness of their hair at 4.90 on the Likert scale and their satisfaction at 4.74. Doctors rated the naturalness of their hair at 4.87 on the Likert scale and their satisfaction at 4.82. All patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months, no severe side effects were observed. Conclusion The use of the shield pre-designed FUE technique for treating extensive androgenetic alopecia in males results in transplanted hair that appears relatively natural in density and appearance. The technique is associated with high patient satisfaction and few postoperative complications, making it worthy of clinical application and promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clinical data from patients with eyebrow deficiency repaired by autologous hair transplantation in the Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery between January 2015 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The age, etiology, gender, degree of eyebrow loss and surgical records of patients were collected. The postoperative complications (such as swelling, pain and congestion), loss rate and survival rate of hair, times and proportion of hair transplantation and patient satisfaction were followed-up. Results A total of 167 patients with eyebrow deficiency were included in this study. The amount of transplanted hair follicles was from 50 to 600, with an average of 330. The operative time lasted from 30 to 180 minutes. There were 28 patients (16.8%) underwent the second eyebrow transplantation. The average survival rate of eyebrows in the recipient site ranged from 70% to 90%, with an average of 85%. The wounds in the donor sites healed well. No postoperative complications were found in all patients. The satisfaction rate was 99.4% (166/167). Conclusion The autologous hair transplantation is safe and efficient in the repair of eyebrow deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of follicular unit extraction (FUE) in male patients with female pattern hair loss (FPHL). Methods From June 2016 to December 2020, 22 male patients with FPHL underwent hair transplantation. Hair follicles were extracted from the occipital area by FUE and transplanted to the bald area on mid frontal scalp (F) and vertex (V) area. The postoperative follow-up was at least 9 months, and its efficacy was evaluated. Results Postoperative follow-up showed that the direction of transplanted hair and appearance was natural, the hair coverage on top of the scalp increased. At 6 months after surgery, the investigator's global assessment (IGA) of improvement or significant improvement in F area and V area were 95.4% and 86.4%, respectively, and 95.4% and 90.7% at 9 months after the operation. The overall satisfaction of patients was 90.9%. Conclusion FUE can effectively improve the hair coverage of male patients with FPHL. The patient satisfaction is high. It should be considerable for clinical promotion and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the perioperative nursing experience of caring for a middle-aged adult who sought change in his appearance and received a hair transplant procedure two times. The researcher, considering physical, mental, social and spiritual aspects, made an overall nursing assessment of the patient's surgery and established that the patient had anxiety, acute pain and feeling of uncertainty. During the nursing process, the patient's favorite Japanese songs were played in order to relieve anxiety, and an ice pack and finger massage were provided in order to relieve pain. The patient needed to wait for new hair growth in transplanted hair follicles, So long-term companionship was provided each time he made a return visit to the doctor, which also gave him immediate care and consultation in order to reduce feelings of uncertainty towards the effectiveness of the hair transplant. We suggest making a health education video about "post-hair transplantation home care FAQs" so as to help similar patients' carry out home care correctly which may also improve the degree of satisfaction with the care of daytime surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the feasibility and efficacy of using pomelo as teaching aid in the teaching of hair transplantation. Methods From January 2016 to January 2021, gold honey pomelos with a diameter of more than 20.0 cm were selected as teaching aids to carry out hair transplantation teaching for 53 students. Practice of hairline and eyebrow shape design, hair implantation, implantation density, implantation angle and direction, hair distribution and hair follicle extraction were conducted respectively. Practice assignments were assigned after class. Questionnaires were given to students to understand the efficacy of this teaching method. Results All students were very interested in using pomelo to do hair transplantation operation practice and making their own works. The teacher had plenty of time to instruct students during the practice and correct trainees' operational problems. All students thought that pomelo was suitable to practice hair transplantation operation as teaching aid and this practice improved their hair transplantation skills. In the degree of mastering the basic operation techniques of hair transplantation, 69.8% of the students thought they could master part of the operation skills, 30.2% thought they could master all operation skills and 88.6% said they were willing to practice these operations repeatedly after class. Conclu sion The teaching method of hair transplantation with pomelo as teaching aid can improve students' interest in learning, make students have perceptual knowledge of the operation and familiar with the operation. This method was the feasible to obtain good teaching efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the technical characteristics, operation skills, patient satisfaction and clinical value of interval cut nonshaven follicular unit extraction. Methods Ten patients underwent hair transplantation in our department from September to November 2020 were selected as the research subjects. The hair follicles were extracted by interval cut nonshaven method, and the syringe needle was used to assist drilling and planting. The hair follicle injury rate and operative duration were recorded and the patient satisfaction was analyzed. Results The hair follicle injury rate of interval cut nonshaven follicular unit extraction was similar to that of traditional follicular unit extraction, but took a long time. Patients were satisfied with the efficacy. Conclusion Compared with the traditional follicular unit extraction, interval cut nonshaven follicular unit extraction took a long time. The hair follicle injury rate is similar to traditional follicular unit extraction and patient satisfaction is high. The interval cut nonshaven folllicular unit extraction is suitable for hair transplantation of small area. This method is easier to be accepted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the efficacy of lysozyme gel in the wounds of donor sites after hair transplantation. Meth原 ods From December 2020 to December 2021, 286 patients underwent follicular unit extraction (FUE) were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 143 patients in each group. The wounds of donor sites were treated with lysozyme gel or mupirocin ointment immediately after operation and 3 days after operation. All patients were followed up for 2 months, the wound healing of donor sites and folliculitis in both groups were evaluated and compared. Results On the third day after operation, the percentage of wound healing was 46.50%±1.01% in the control group and 49.08%±0.96% in the observation group. There was no statistically significant difference (P> 0.05). On the fifth day after operation, the wounds of donor sites healed in both groups. There was no significant difference in healing time. The incidence rate of folliculitis was 12.59% in the control group and 4.90% in the observation group (P< 0.05). The folliculitis was severe in the control group. All folliculitis were cured by symptomatic treatment for 7 to 10 days. Conclusion The application of lysozyme gel is a good manner in the improvement of folliculitis in the donor sites after hair transplantation. The efficacy is reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the application efficacy of scalp micropigmentation technique in the treatment of various types of hair loss. Methods Fifty-two patients with various types of hair loss underwent scalp micropigmentation treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The efficacy of 6 months after operation including the overall appearance, color change of decoration point, satisfaction of doctors and patients and the complications were evaluated by doctors and patients. Results All patients were followed up for 6 months after operation. Eleven patients received once color correction, 30 patients received twice color correction and 8 patients received thrice color correction, with an average of 1.8 times. The satisfaction rate evaluated by doctors and patients was 92.30% and 94.23%, respectively. Conclu原 sion The scalp micropigmentation technique has a good effect on improving the existing appearance of patients with hair loss. This technique provides a new choice for clinical treatment of hair loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of scalp micropigmentation in the improvement of see-through donor area after follicular unit extraction (FUE). Methods From April 2020 to 2021, scalp micropigmentation was performed in 21 patients after FUE to improve donor area hair depletion. Appropriate pigment was chosen. The depth of needle was set at 0.9 to 1.2 mm. In case of decolorization or uneven pigment, patients generally have one or more touchup sessions after 2 to 4 weeks. The patient satisfaction, pain, bleeding and adverse reactions were evaluated. Results All patients had no obvious pain during the operation, 14 patients had slight bleeding. The follow-up ranged from 3 to 12 months. Nine patients had once touchup session and 4 patients had twice touchup session. After scalp micropigmentation, scars in donor area was imperceptible and no see-through appearance was found. Except for 1 patient had mild allergic reaction, no adverse reactions such as infection, allergy or pigment spreading out was found in remaining patients. In all patients, 85.7% were very satisfied with the efficacy. Conclusion Scalp micropigmentation was safe and effective in the treatment of see-through donor area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of hair transplantation in the treatment of frontal fibrosing alopecia. Meth原 ods From October 2016 to now, 6 patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia stable for more than 5 years were recruited. Follicles were obtained by scalp strip cutting from occipital safe area. The density of transplantation was 20~30 units per square centimeter in the fronto- temporal area and 50 units per square centimeter in the eyebrow. Results The incision of donor site in all patients healed well. All patients were followed up for 18 months to 4 years. The growth of transplanted hairs was good. Patients were satisfied with the efficacy. The survival rate of hair was more than 90%. Conclusion Under the premise of ineffective medical treatment and stable condition of patients, hair transplantation is an effective treatment method for frontal fibrosing alopecia in short-term. The long-term results needed further observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the safety and effectiveness of fine extraction of beard follicles in the treatment of large area of androgenetic alopecia. Methods Androgenetic alopecia patients above grade V admitted to the Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from April 2017 to February 2019 were selected. The hair follicles of the beard were extracted by 0.8 mm microneedles and the occipital region was extracted by 1.0 mm drilling needle. The hair follicles of both beard and occipital region were transplanted to the alopecia region. Results A total of 45 patients were enrolled. The average number of transplanted hair follicular units were (5593±724), of which (3567±712) hair follicular units were extracted from the occipital region and(2441±486 ) hair follicular units were extracted from the beard. A maximum of 3810 beard hair follicular units were extracted in a single operation. The transplantation density was from 35 to 45 follicular units/cm2. After 12 months of follow-up, the survival rate was (96.2±1.5)%. No obvious scar occurred in the donor area. All patients were satisfied with the surgical efficacy. Conclusion The fine extraction of beards follicles is safe and effective in the treatment of large area of androgenetic alopecia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore whether biomimetic eyebrow could be reconstructed as the original eyebrow through standard operation procedure (SOP) and formulate the SOP of biomimetic eyebrow transplantation for further promotion. Methods Through summarizing the clinical experience, optimizing surgical procedures and standardizing operating techniques, the SOP of biomimetic eyebrow transplantation were summarized in three sections: preoperative evaluation, intraoperative operation and postoperative nursing. Results In the clinical cases of eyebrow transplantation completed according to the established SOP, the appearance of postoperative eyebrows was basically the same as the original eyebrows. Conclusion Biomimetic eyebrow transplantation based on SOP is a technique that suitable for further promotion among cosmetic surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the surgical methods and efficacy of hair transplantation for temple point reconstruction. Meth原 ods From June 2014 to October 2017, 73 patients underwent hair transplantation surgery for temple point reconstruction. All follicle units were composed of single hairs. The finest hairs were selected and arranged in the hairline margin. The follicular units were arranged irregularly. The transplantation density was 25 to 32 FUs/cm2, and the angle between the transplanted hair and skin was 10毅to 20毅. Results The density of the transplanted hair was (24.0±3.6) FUs/cm2, the diameter was (58.5±12.4) μm, and the angle between the transplanted hair and the frontal skin was 18.2毅±4.5毅at the temple point. Conclusion Reconstruction of the defects at the temple point can produce a more asthetically pleasing curve at the temporal hairline. In female frontotemporal hairline reconstruction, a natural hairline was created by irregular arrangement of hairs, proper density and angle, and exact arrangement of hairs of varying diameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the differences between parallelogram incision and fusiformis incision in the harvest of hair follicular unit. Methods From October 2017 to January 2020, the hair follicles in 127 patients were harvested by parallelogram incision or fusiformis incision. The number of hair follicles in 1 cm2 scalp stripe were calculated. The differences of follicular unit acquirement rate between parallelogram incision and fusiform incision were compared by paired t-test. Results The hair follicle acquirement rate by parallelogram incision was significant higher than that by fusiformis incision. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion In the harvest of hair follicles by scalp stripe method, parallelogram incision could achieve more hair follicles and less damages than fusiformis incision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of soft tissue expansion combined with follicular unit extraction( FUE) for burn cicatricial bald., Methods: 48 patients with burn cicatricial bald (> 25 cm2) were treated in three stages. The expanders were implanted on the first stage. After expansion for 8 weeks, the expanders were taken out and local flaps were transferred. One year later, follicular unit extraction( FUE) was applied on the bald area., Results: 48 cases were followed up for 5 years with satisfactory cosmetic results. The VAS assessment of satisfaction on hair appearance after three-staged surgery was 8.2 ± 2.1., Conclusions: Soft tissue expansion combined with FUE has a reliable effect for burn cicatricial bald.

Objective: To develop a follicular unit-like construct with allogeneic hair, evaluate its histocompatibility and long-term stability after transplantation, and explore the possibility of its clinical application., Methods: Human hair and medical polypropylene was processed according to the structure of follicular units and prepared into hair prostheses for transplantation. The histocompatibility of polypropylene and human hair in New Zealand rabbits was observed by HE staining and scanning electron microscope, and the loss rate of the hair was recorded to evaluate the long-term result of transplantation., Results: Mild inflammatory cell infiltration around polypropylene and human hair was observed early after the transplantation, accompanied with local epithelial cell proliferation. The prosthesis mimicking the follicular units still showed good histocompatibility one year after the transplantation without degradation of the hair. The loss rate of the hair was averaged (4.1∓4.0)% at one year after the transplantation, and the total appearance of the prosthesis remained satisfactory., Conclusion: Allogeneic human hair and polypropylene in the hair prosthesis show good histocompatibility in rabbits. The prosthesis allows good cosmetic effect after transplantation with low rate of hair loss, demonstrating its potential in clinical application.

Objective: To explore the aesthetic result of dense-packing single-hair grafting for eyelash., Methods: Twenty-six female cases were treated with the donor sites at the occipital safe area. The single-hair grafts were made with the hair of 4cm in length. The grafts were transplanted to the upper lid margin with needle technique, 30-40 grafts at each side., Results: The hair grafts survived very well with good growth direction. It looked even better when it had a permanent wave or the mascara was applied. The survival rate of hair grafts was more than 95%., Conclusions: It is feasible to improve the shorter and thinner eyelash by dense-packing single-hair grafts.

Objective: To study the shaft elongation and morphological changes of follicle-unit (FUs) grafts subjected to controlled injury in different parts., Methods: Human FUs were isolated by microdissection under a dissecting microscope. The single hair of anagen FUs were randomly divided into A, B and C groups, and A and B groups were subjected to controlled injury with microsurgery imposed to the dermal papilla and the bulge of FUs, respectively, with C as the control group without any treatment. HE staining was used to detect the histological changes of the cells, and organ culture for 10 days was conducted to observe the morphological changes and elongation of FUs., Results: There were no histological or morphological changes in A, B and C groups. The average elongation of hair shaft was 1.293-/+0.245, 2.116-/+0.423 and 2.235-/+0.379 mm, respectively. There were significant differences between groups A and B (P<0.05) and between groups A and C (P<0.05). No significant difference was found between groups B and C (P>0.05)., Conclusion: Damage of the dermal papilla should be avoided in hair transplantation surgery.

Objective: To investigate the possibility of using dense-packing hair grafting technique for restoration of cicatricial alopecia., Methods: Under local anesthesia, a scalp strip was harvested from the back of the head. A series of micro-grafts with 1-3 hairs and mini-grafts with 4-6 hairs were created from this strip. In the scarring recipient area, micro-slots were made with a 18 G needle for the micro-grafts and mini-slits were made with a No. 64 mini-blade for the mini-grafts. The grafts were then implanted into these holes., Results: Ninety-six patients with 128 bald scarring areas, resulted from burn, trauma or infection, were treated with the above-mentioned technique from April. 1998 to February. 2000. All of the patients were satisfied with the appearance. In the micro-graft area, the graft density reached 10-15 mini-grafts/cm2 per session. In the micro-graft area, the graft density reached 16-19 micro-grafts/cm2 per session. Postoperative following-up for more than 1 year showed that the grafted hairs were growing well with 90%-95% survival of the hair. One third of the patients obtained satisfactory results with only one session. Two thirds of the patients needed the second session to improve the appearance., Conclusions: The dense-packing hair grafting technique is a simple, safe and effective method for hair restoration surgery. It is not only used for male pattern baldness, but could also be applied for restoration of cicatricial alopecia.

Objective: To investigate the possibility of hair as a filling material for reconstructive or cosmetic surgery., Methods: Sterilized pellets of hairs and silicone were selected and implanted subcutaneously in white rabbits. The clinical trial was carried out in 3 cases., Results: A thin fibrous capsule, with much few inflammatory cells, was formed around the implanted hair pellets in 3-4 months. The inflammatory cells disappeared in the 9th month. No implant rejection, granulomatous formation or hair degradation was showed., Conclusion: Hair may be a valuable filling material for augmentation of the soft tissue.

Objective: To investigate the effective method to treat cicatricial baldness., Methods: From 1993 to 1998, 21 cases with multi-region or great-dimensional cicatricial baldness were treated with scalp expanding and hair autografting. Among them, there were 17 males and 4 females, aged from 14 to 49 years old. The operation was divided into two stages, stage one meaned to embed the expander under the scalp and stage two meaned to sow the autogenous hair., Results: All cases, no matter what the position and area, were repaired successfully. The biggest dimension of repaired baldness was 340 cm2, one expander exposed and one failed in expanding after operation and be corrected immediately. The normal hair direction changed in two cases., Conclusion: Combined use of scalp expanding and hair autografting is an effective method to treat multi-region or great dimensional cicarticial baldness.

Objective: To study the role of sex hormone receptor capacity of the scalp in male pattern baldness(MPB)., Methods: Estrogen receptor(ER) and androgen receptor(AR) assays were performed using fluorescent steroid hormone conjugate technique (FSHCT) in hairness and bald scalp in 8 patients with MPB. Changes of ER and AR capacity in recipient and donor sites of hair transplantation in MPB scalps were examined., Results: The percentage of AR staining cells in the outer root sheath, sebaceous gland and bulb papilla of the lesional scalps was significantly higher than that of hairness scalps (P < 0.01). The percentage of ER positive cells in the outer root sheath of lesional scalps increased significantly (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Changes of contents of sex hormone receptors(SHR) in some sensitive area of the scalp induce MPB.

From Sep. 1988 to Dec. 1992, a total of 980 procedures of autogenous punch grafts were performed in 395 patients with alopecia. This technique has mainly been used for seborrheic alopecia and cicatricial alopecia with sufficient hair in the donor site. Chinese people are unfavorably characterized by one-third less amount of hair than Westerners, lank hair shaft and strong contrast of color between the hair and hair-bearing scalp. The technique of L shape punch grafts was used for patients with insufficient hair in the donor site. Insertion of mini-grafts between the anterior rows of punch grafts made the frontal hairline more natural in appearance and eliminated the necessity of postoperative scalp tattoo. The results were perfect. We concluded that adult alopecic patients are good candidates for punch graft procedure, and for children and juvenile patients, scalp expansion is preferable.