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The defects on TB6 titanium alloy were repaired using pulsed TIG（tungsten inert gas） additive manufacturing technology， and the effects of process parameters （pulse current and pulse time） and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the repaired TB6 titanium alloy were studied to determine the optimal heat treatment process parameters. The results show that the mechanical properties are relatively better in the as-repaired state when the pulse current is 50 A and the pulse time is 40 ms， with a tensile strength of 1113 MPa and an elongation of 5.26%. These samples are sequentially subjected to solid solution and aging heat treatment. When the samples are solid solution treated for 2 h under different temperatures （740， 760， 780 ℃）， the primary α phase is increasingly dissolved， while the β phase gradually grows and evenly distributes in the matrix. After water quenching， the growth of the β phase is inhibited， and acicular rhombic martensite α'' phase is precipitated in β grains， resulting in a decrease in tensile strength and a remarkable increase in elongation. Under different aging temperatures （500， 520， 540 ℃） for 8 h， the α'' phase continuously grows and gradually transforms to equiaxial grain， and the mechanical properties are greatly improved. The optimal microstructure and mechanical properties are achieved under the conditions of 780 ℃/2 h WC+520 ℃/8 h AC， with a tensile strength of 1119 MPa and an elongation of 7.36%.

With the increase of the proportion of hot delivery and hot charging in pipeline steel continuous casting slab， the cut continuous casting slab are prone to quality defects due to the coupling effect of phase transformation， thermal stress， and temperature， resulting in huge economic losses.This article takes X70 pipeline steel as the research object，by comprehensively considering the nonlinear changes of material thermal properties parameters with temperature and the setting of boundary conditions， the ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used to conduct thermal coupling numerical simulation analysis on the cooling process of X70 pipeline steel 4 500 mm × 2 300 mm × 300 mm continuous casting slab. The conclusion shows that the average heat dissipation rate of the center of gravity of the slab is 0.076 ℃/s， the surface center is 0.084 ℃/s， and the temperature difference between the surface and the center is between 100 ℃ and 210 ℃， which gradually decreases over time. The stress value at the edge of the slab is 25 MPa， and the thermal stress within 300 mm of the edge is roughly the same， within 200 MPa. Considering the changes in temperature field， the cutting time to the heating furnace should be shortened as much as possible， or insulation measures should be added to prevent quality defects caused by excessive thermal stress.

[Objective] Energy transition is a key path to achieving China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, and exploring the impact of energy transition on the urban-rural income gaps can provide a scientific basis for realizing equity in the transition. [Methods] Based on the panel data of 108 cities at the prefecture level and above in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2020, this study employed spatial analysis and fixed-effects model to analyze the characteristics of the temporal and spatial change of energy transition and urban-rural income gaps, and to reveal the correlation between the two and their regional heterogeneity of this relationship. [Results] (1) The performance level of energy transition of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an overall upward trend, and the energy transition index values of provincial capital cities has remained at a high level for a long time. At the same time, urban-rural income gaps have been narrowing year by year, showing a pattern of high in the west and low in the east. (2) The relationship between energy transition and urban-rural income gaps in cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was U-shaped. With the improvement of the performance level of energy transition, urban-rural income gaps showed the characteristic of decreasing and then increasing. (3) There was a significant difference in the relationship between energy transition and urban-rural income gaps in cities in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with the upstream showing an inverted U-shaped relationship and the middle reaches showing a U-shaped relationship, and the downstream showing no significant correlation. This suggests that the energy transition paths of cities in the upstream region were gradually moving towards a fair direction, while the opposite was true in the midstream region, and that urban and rural residents in the downstream region were less sensitive to the socioeconomic effects caused by energy transition. [Conclusion] Therefore, diversified energy transition policies should be formulated in accordance with the actual development of the upstream, midstream and downstream, so as to effectively prevent the negative impacts of the transition and actively promote the just energy transition and the balanced development of urban and rural regions.

Currently, China has 32 Earth observation satellites in orbit. The satellites can provide various data such as optical, multispectral, infrared, and radar. The spatial resolution of China Earth observation satellites ranges from low to medium to high. The satellites possess the capability to observe across multiple spectral bands, under all weather conditions, and at all times. The data of China Earth observation satellites has been widely used in fields such as natural resource detection, environmental monitoring and protection, disaster prevention and reduction, urban planning and mapping, agricultural and forestry surveys, land survey and geological prospecting, and ocean forecasting, achieving huge social benefits. This article introduces the recent progress of Earth observation satellites in China since 2022, especially the satellite operation, data archiving, data distribution and data coverage.

The atomization nozzle is the core component for the metal powder preparation by close-coupled gas atomization method. The pressure at the tip of the melt delivery tube and the stagnation point is very important for the smooth outflow of the molten metal during the atomization process. When the tip of the melt delivery tube is positive pressure, the molten metal cannot flow out of the nozzle smoothly, and in severe cases, it may cause the back spray of the molten metal. The greater the pressure at the stagnation point, the greater the impact force of the atomized gas acting on the molten metal flowing out of the melt delivery tube, and the better the crushing effect. The effects of atomization pressure, protrusion length, and cone-apex angle on the pressure at the tip of the melt delivery tube and the stagnation point were studied by mathematical modeling, experimental verification, and numerical simulation in this paper. The results show that, with the increase of atomization pressure, the length of the negative pressure area remains basically unchanged, while the pressure at the stagnation point increases. With the increase of the melt delivery tube elongation, the length of the negative pressure area increases and the pressure at the stagnation point decreases. With the increase of the cone-apex angle of the melt delivery tube, the pressure at the tip of tube changes from the negative to the positive, resulting in the failure of atomization.

Background Experiential effective prescription optimized Kuijie decoction can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), promote the intestinal mucosal healing and clinical remission, but its mechanism remains unclear now. Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of optimized Kuijie decoction in UC rats with TCM syndrome differentiation of Qi stagnation and blood stasis. Methods From September to October 2023, 70 SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank-control, model, salicylazosulfapyridine, low-dose, standard-dose, Qi-enhancing and Blood-activating groups, with 10 rats in each group. UC model with TCM syndrome differentiation of Qi stagnation and blood stasis was established by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) /ethanol secondary inflammation combined with restraint method. Rats in the blank-control group were enucleated with 0.9% sodium chloride solution at the time of modeling and were grasped and fixed synchronously with the rats in the other groups, and were given an equal volume of water by gavage once per day after the establishing for 14 days; rats in the model group were given an equal volume of water by gavage once per day after the establishing for 14 days; rats in the salicylazosulfapyridine, low-dose, standard-dose, Qi-enhancing and Blood-activating groups were given intragastric administration with salicylazosulfapyridine suspension (0.54 g/kg), low-dose optimized Kuijie decoction (0.837 g/kg), standard-dose optimized Kuijie decoction (1.674 g/kg), Astragalus suspension (1.8 g/kg) and Safflower suspension (0.9 g/kg) once per day after the establishing for 14 days, respectively. High-precision transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes in the colonic tissues of the seven groups of rats after intervention, the expression levels of CXCR4, VEGFA, and TAK1 were compared among the seven groups of rats after intervention. Results The ultrastructure of colonic tissue of rats in the low-dose and standard-dose groups tended to be normal after intervention. The gray ratios of proteins and relative mRNA expression quality of CXCR4, VEGFA and TAK1 in colonic tissues of rats in the model group were higher than the blank-control after intervention (P

Objective On December 18, 2023, an MS 6.2 earthquake occurred in Jishishan County, Gansu Province, China. Coseismic geological hazards induced by the earthquake crucially threatened the safety of personnel and property. Existing research is mainly concentrated in the vicinity of active faults and the concentrated distribution area of hidden danger points. Moreover, no special susceptibility assessment studies have been carried out on coseismic geological hazards in the administrative area of Jishishan County, making it challenging to meet the needs of the county's post-disaster recovery and reconstruction planning. Hence, the development laws of coseismic geological hazards must be summarized and analyzed crucially, and county susceptibility must be analyzed in time to support post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction. Methods The development characteristics of coseismic geological hazards are analyzed and summarized through emergency investigations, field surveys, and result analysis. Using the newly added and exacerbated coseismic hazard points identified during post-earthquake investigations as analysis samples, influencing factors were selected using the Pearson correlation coefficient and random forest Gini coefficient analysis methods. Then, a machine learning-random forest model was applied to assess the susceptibility of coseismic geological hazards in Jishishan County. Results In analyzing the development characteristics of coseismic geological hazards, we identified 134 instances of increased and exacerbated hazards in Jishishan County. Overall, the degree of development of these hazards was relatively low, with primarily small-scale occurrences. These hazards were categorized into three main types and eight sub-categories: ① Collapse (including cut slope loess collapse, high loess collapse, and high rock collapse); ② Landslide (encompassing loess landslide, secondary sand/mudstone landslide, and potential landslide); and ③ Debris flow (comprising gully debris flow and slope debris flow). In terms of factor selection, 15 influencing factors were screened. Regarding the susceptibility assessment results, the AUC value of the susceptibility assessment results of coseismic geological hazards in most Jishishan counties was 0.961, and the results showed that the areas of extremely high susceptibility accounted for approximately 8.67 %, mainly distributed in Hulinjia, Xuhujia, Liugoujia, and other townships. The statistical results of the proportion of susceptibility zones in 17 townships in Jishishan County showed that the top three townships with the largest proportions of extremely high-susceptibility areas are Hulinjia (24.67%), Xuhujia (21.24%), and Biezang (20.94%). Conclusion (1) Most coseismic geological hazards in Jishishan are distributed in the loess hilly area, with few occurrences in the Jishishan area and the right bank terrace of the Yellow River. (2) The influence of elevation and peak ground acceleration (PGA) on hazard occurrence is notably greater than that of other factors, playing a predominant role in developing coseismic geological hazards. (3) Utilizing the random forest model, the susceptibility assessment of coseismic geological hazards in Jishishan County demonstrates high accuracy, with hidden danger points clustered in highly susceptible areas. This alignment between susceptibility assessment results and the spatial distribution of hidden dangers underscores the reliability of the assessment outcomes. Significance In addition to identifying existing hidden danger points, this study offers predictive insights into slope deformation and potential landslides significantly affected by seismic cracking. The assessment results exhibit high accuracy and reliability, offering valuable geological safety support for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction planning in the county.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of DNA methylation of the abnormally high expression of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in psoriasis vulgaris lesions. Methods The skin lesions of 20 patients with psoriasis vulgaris were taken as experimental group and those from 13 healthy individuals as control group. Bisulfite sequencing (BSP) was used to detect the DNA methylation of KLF4 promoter in the skin samples and in HaCat cells with ten-eleven translocation 3 (TET3) overexpression and interference, respectively. Real time PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression levels of KLF4, TET1, TET2 and TET3 in skin samples and transfected HaCat cells. Results The DNA methylation level of KLF4 promoter was significantly lower (P < 0.01), and the KLF4 mRNA level was obviously higher in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.01). A negative correlation was observed between DNA methylation level of KLF4 promoter and KLF4 mRNA level in the experimental group (r=-0.649, P=0.002). The experimental group had notably higher expression level of TET3 (P < 0.01), but had no differences in the levels of TET1 and TET2 when compared with the control group. The expression level of TET3 was negatively correlated with the DNA methylation level of KLF4 promoter in the experimental group (r=-0.688, P=0.001). After overexpression of TET3 in HaCat cells, the DNA methylation level of KLF4 promoter was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and KLF4 expression level was obviously increased (P < 0.01). After interfering with TET3 expression in HaCat cells, the DNA methylation level of KLF4 promoter was notably up-regulated (P < 0.01), and the KLF4 expression level was remarkably decreased (P < 0.01). Conclusion Overexpression of TET3 mediates the overexpression of KLF4 in psoriatic lesions by down-regulating the DNA methylation level of KLF4 promoter.

Multiple GH4169 samples were prepared with the regulation of the forming process of selective laser melting（SLM），particularly in laser power and scanning speed. The microstructure including defect morphology and distribution was observed by using metallography. The sample porosity was acquired using X-ray computed tomography（XCT），and the three-dimensional characteristics of defect were also statistically studied. The correlation of forming process and defect characteristics was finally analyzed. The results show that when the optimized energy input density is 59.1 J/mm3，the forming samples share common features of overlapping melting trace with a tidy morphology，randomly distributed pores with sizes of less than 30 μm and the density is as high as 99.9998%. Within a narrow window of forming process（220-300 W，700-1300 mm/s），the scanning speed takes more responsibility for the sample density，and its high value tends to form extremely irregular lack of fusions（LOFs） that distribute in the overlap of melting trace. As deviating from the optimized process，the number of defects has increased，and some defect sizes are also greater than 30 μm. The shapes of pores and LOFs respectively formed by high laser power or high scanning speed are closely related to their own sizes，that is，the larger the size，the more irregular the shape，which produces more detrimental effects than regular pores.

Background The prevalence of hypertension in population is still increasing by year, and the significant increase in the prevalence of chronic diseases caused by aging of the population results in a serious medical burden. There are still about 450 million people in China who use solid fuels for cooking or heating, causing indoor air pollution as an important public health problem in China. At present, the relationship between solid fuels use and the risk of hypertension in Chinese older adults still remains unclear. Objective To analyze the association between solid fuels use and the risk of hypertension in older adults in urban and rural areas of China through a prospective cohort study, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in the elderly. Methods This study is a prospective cohort study. Data were obtained from 2011 to 2018 China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) by using baseline questionnaire and physical examination. A total of 1 453 non-hypertensive older adults aged 65 years and above from 2011 to 2012 cohort were included in the study, and the occurrence of hypertension during follow-up was considered as the outcome indicator, follow-up as of 2018-12-31. The included subjects were divided into the clean fuel (electrical appliances such as induction cooker, pipeline natural gas, solar energy) group (n=654) and solid fuel (charcoal, kerosene, coal, firewood) group (n=799). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the association between cooking with solid fuels and the risk of hypertension. Results A total of 1 453 non-hypertensive older adults at baseline with an average age of (77.6±8.8) years and a median follow-up of 7 years, and a total of 838 people developed hypertension at the outcome. The results of this study showed that the proportion of cooking with solid fuels in rural areas was significantly higher than that in urban areas (70.3% vs. 1.1%, P

Aiming at the problem to difficultly identify the weak links of the cellular manufacturing system, a method for analyzing the importance measure based on the time series is proposed. The method extends the traditional importance measure calculation method at a specific time to the equipment importance measure in a specific time period, and the time series relationship among the equipment reliability, manufacturing cell reliability and system reliability is mined. It uses the slope of linear fitting to evaluate the importance measure of the equipment, and improves the identification ability of key equipment in the manufacturing process of the cellular manufacturing system. Through the sensitivity analysis of equipment degradation parameters, the change rule of the equipment importance measure when the equipment degradation parameters change is summarized, and the effectiveness of the time series importance measure in the identification of the key equipment and key manufacturing cells is verified.

Currently, research on the automatic following of hydraulic support in fully mechanized working faces focuses on controlling the movement of hydraulic support based on external environmental variables. It cannot maintain good results during long-term operation of the working face. Considering that changes of the external environment will ultimately be reflected in the hydraulic system, it is proposed to predict the following action time of hydraulic supports based on the pressure features of hydraulic system. Taking S1204 working face of Shaanxi Coal Mining Group Shenmu Ningtiaota Mining Co., Ltd. as the engineering background, a hydraulic system model for single support and a hydraulic system model for working face are established using AMESim software. Through simulation analysis, the dynamic change laws of parameters such as pressure and stroke of the pushing hydraulic cylinder during the simultaneous movement of advancing and sliding are obtained. It is found that the inlet pressure of pushing hydraulic cylinder is linearly related to the pulling time during the automatic following process of hydraulic support . It explains that the following action time can be predicted through the inlet pressure. The hydraulic data acquisition system for the working face is developed and installed on the experimental working face. The real-time pressure at the inlet of the pushing hydraulic cylinder during the working process of hydraulic support is obtained. The corresponding advancing time is calculated. It is found that the two have a strong linear correlation, which is consistent with the simulation results. The linear fitting method is used to obtain the relationship between the inlet pressure and the pulling time, achieving the prediction of pulling time based on hydraulic system pressure. It improves the accuracy of automatic following and reduceg reduceg the manual adjustment rate.

In order to investigate whether adding a small amount of Al in a low oxygen pressure and high temperature environment has a synergistic effect ontheformationof aprotective Cr2O3oxidefilm on Co-Rebased hightemperature alloys，the isothermaloxidation behaviorofthe Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al alloy was studied under 3.0×10-5Pa O2at 1100～1 300 ℃for24h.Resultsshowed thattheoxidation kinetics curve of the alloy conformed to parabolic law quite well，with the value of oxidation activation energy of 242.3 kJ/mol.The oxidation film formed at 1 100～1 300 ℃were very similar and mainly composed of continuous and dense Cr2O3 layer，covered by a small amount of CoO and CoCr2O4 spinelle.The protective Cr2O3 layer could prevent the evaporation of Re element of alloy in the form of ReO3during the oxidation process，and thus provided better protection for the Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al quaternary alloy，as compared with the corresponding Co-20Re-25Cr ternary alloy，thus providing better protection for the alloy.The addition of 7% Al was not enough to result in the selective external oxidation of Al in Co-20Re-25Cr-7Al alloy，thus forming an internal oxidation zone of Al below the outer oxidation film.However，the addition of Al promoted the formation of continuous and dense Cr2O3 layer，and improved the high temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy greatly.The addition of Al and low oxygen pressure showed a synergistic effect on the formation of a protective Cr2O3 layer.

In order to improve the bearing performance and test accuracy of vehicle vibration test benches, a test bench which can simulate vehicle vibration environment in an all-round way is designed based on a 6-UPS parallel mechanism. Through the mechanism analysis and degree of freedom calculation of the 6-UPS parallel mechanism, the pose relationship between components is established, the kinematics equation of the bench is deduced, and the kinematic characteristics of the bench are studied. By establishing the simulation model of vehicle vibration test benches, the kinematic simulation analysis of the bench is carried out using Adams software, and the kinematic parameters of the bench are verified theoretically. The results show that the vehicle vibration test bench can move according to the predetermined trajectory, the simulation curve is smooth without mutation, and the designed bench can meet the expected performance indexes, which verifies the rationality of the bench design. This study lays a foundation for the dynamic analysis, control strategy research and optimization design of vehicle vibration test benches.

[Objective] In view of the current situation of water eutrophication in water storage ponds in recent years, the pollution characteristics and water quality status of water storage ponds were clarified in order to provide a scientific basis for water purification research and water environmental protection. [Methods] Measurements of pH value, dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), total phosphorus (TP), and phosphate radical (PO43--P) in 14 representative water storage ponds in Xianyang City of Shaanxi Province were determined from the perspective of area, depth, water storage status, and main function of water storage ponds. The water quality of water storage ponds was analyzed by a standard index method and a comprehensive pollution index method. [Results] ① The water pollution of the water storage pond in the survey area was related to the serious external pollution caused by the lack of management and protection of the water storage pond, and was related to the agricultural non-point source pollution caused by the agricultural production activities of rural residents. ② The water quality of most water storage ponds was seriously polluted, and did not meet the water standards for agricultural water and general landscape water. Phosphorus nutrients were the main factor which resulted in water pollution. [Conclusion] The water pollution of water storage ponds has the typical characteristics of rural domestic sewage. Treatment methods suitable for the rural environment should be selected according to the characteristics of water pollution.

Objective: This study aimed to develop R. roxburghii as functional food in medicine and health care products. Methods: High-fat dial-induced insulin resistance rat model was established. There were normal control group, the model group, the positive control group, and the low and high dose group of R. roxburghii polysaccharide (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg). The body weight was recorded before and after the experiment. The serum oxidative stress indexes (SOD, MDA), lipid metabolism indexes (TG, TC), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) levels, as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of PI3K and GLUT4 mRNA in skeletal muscle were detected. Results: Compared with the model group, the body weight, serum MDA, TG, TC, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR were decreased (P＜0.01), and the SOD activity and the mRNA and protein expression levels of PI3K and GLUT4 were increased after polysaccharide intervention in IR rats after R. roxburghii polysaccharide intervention (P＜0.05). Conclusion: R. roxburghii polysaccharide (PRR-3) has antioxidant effect, which can reduce the weight of insulin-resistant rats, regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, and improve obesity insulin resistance. There is a dose-effect relationship, which may be achieved by up-regulating the expression of PI3K and GLUT4 proteins in the PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 signaling pathway and enhancing GLUT4 transport.

Objective To investigate the effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing in rehabilitation of patients with hemiplegic patients after ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 126 patients with hemiplegia after ischemic stroke were selected. According to the method of random number table, they were divided into control group and observation group, with 63 cases in each group. All patients received conventional drug treatment, routine care and rehabilitation training, and those in the observation group were given integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing interventions. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scale and Brathel Index were measured and compared between two groups. The effect of rehabilitation nursing was evaluated by self-made rating scale. Results The scores of FMA and BI increased in both two groups after intervention, and scores of FMA and BI in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 01). The score for effect evaluation of nursing intervention in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). Conclusion In the early rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients after ischemic stroke, the use of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing can improve the recovery and quality of life of patients. (目的 观察中西医结合护理干预在缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者康复中的应用的效果。方法 选取126例缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者为研究对象, 按照随机数字表分为对照组和观察组, 各63例。2组均接受药物治疗, 对照组接受常规护理和康复训练指导, 观察组在对照组的基础上实施早期中西医结合护理干预。对比干预前和干预后2组Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)评分和Barthel指数(BI)评定结果, 评价护理效果。结果 干预后, 2组FMA量表评分和BI评分均较干预前上升, 且观察组FMA量表评分和BI评分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。观察组护理效果评价得分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者早期康复中实施中西医结合护理干预, 可以促进患者运动功能康复, 提高患者生活质量。)

Objective To evaluate the quality control circle (QCC) activities in reducing the incidence of aspiration in patients with dysphagia after stroke. Methods A QCC group was set up, and a series of activities based on QCC theory were carried out including theme identification, plan making, status investigation, factor analysis, countermeasures and implementation. An analysis of aspiration condition in 80 patients with dysphagia after stroke was carried out after implementation of QCC activities (between April and October 2019), and the incidence of aspiration was compared with that of 80 patients recruited before implementation of QCC activities (between February and June 2017). Results The incidence of aspiration decreased from 25. 00%(20/80)to 5. 00%(4/80), with a target achievement ratio of113. 64 and progress ratio of 80. 00%. Nurses' comprehensive ability was enhanced after implementation of QCC activities. Conclusion The QCC is effective to reduce the incidence of aspiration in patients with dysphagia after stroke. (目的 探讨品管圈活动降低脑卒中吞咽困难患者误吸发生率的效果。方法 成立品管圈活动小组, 按照品管圈理论进行主题选定、活动计划、现状把握、要因分析、对策拟定与实施等活动, 分析2019年4月—10月(品管圈活动开展后)科室收治的脑卒中吞咽障碍住院患者80例的误吸发生情况, 并与2017年2月—6月(品管圈活动开展前)科室收治的80例脑卒中吞咽障碍住院患者的误吸发生情况进行对比。结果 脑卒中吞咽障碍住院患者误吸发生率由品管圈活动开展前的25. 00%(20/80)降低至品管圈活动开展后的5. 00%(4/80), 活动目标达成率113. 64% , 进步率80. 00%, 护士综合能力也得到提高。结论 开展品管圈活动能够降低脑卒中吞咽困难患者误吸发生率, 有利于提高护理质量。)

Sleep disorder is a severe and frequent complication in patients after stroke. It is characterized by the high morbidity, poor prognosis and reduced quality of life. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM )extended care has unique advantages in preventing sleep disorders after stroke. This paper summarized the research status of sleep disorder after stroke in perspectives of TCM theory application, TCM preventive treatment and TCM extended care technology, and put forward some thoughts to provide reference for research and clinical nursing practice in the future. (睡眠障碍是脑卒中常见并发症之一, 发病率较高, 且会加重病情, 影响预后, 降低患者生活质量。中医延续性医疗护理在预防中风后睡眠障碍方面具有独特优势。本文综述了脑卒中后睡眠障碍中医理论应用、中医预防和中医延续性医疗护理技术的研究现状, 并提出一些思考, 以期为后续研究和临床护理工作提供参考。)

Constipation is a common complication after stroke, affecting the prognosis and patient’s quality of life. Cupping therapy is guided by the meridian syndrome differentiation along the du-meridian and Shu-acupoints of the bladder meridian of Foot-Taiyang. Cupping therapy along meridians is an effective Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing technique for regulating heart, liver, spleen and lung function, dredging the channel, regulating the qi-blood, balancing Yin and Yang, and improing the symptoms of constipation. (便秘是中风患者常见并发症, 严重影响患者预后和生活质量。循经拔罐作用于督脉和足太阳膀胱经上对应五脏六腑的俞穴, 可调节心、肝、脾、肺、肾等脏腑功能, 疏通经络, 调节气血, 平衡阴阳, 以改善便秘。)

In view of the problem that the water gushing problem of deep coal mine roadway seriously affects the safety of coal mine construction, and the common cement grout is difficult to seal up the tiny rock cracks, the micron-grade fly ash is used to replace part of superfine cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer and nano-CaCO3 admixture are used to improve the performance of composite slurry. The results show that the slurry properties vary with the water-cement ratio, and are negatively correlated with the initial viscosity, hardened rate and strength, while positively correlated with fluidity. The appropriate addition of nano-CaCO3 made the strength slightly improved, but the viscosity, fluidity and hardened rate did not change significantly. The addition of micron-grade fly ash reduces the viscosity, hardened rate and strength, and appropriately improves the fluidity. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer was positively correlated with fluidity and negatively correlated with stone rate, but had little effect on viscosity and strength. The change of slurry viscosity with time can be divided into two stages: stable period and rising period. The viscosity change rate of stable period does not exceed 15.5%.

Objective To evaluate the application of “one syndrome and one product” nursing model in nursing care of patients with optic atrophy. Methods Sixty patients diagnosed as optic atrophy (Qingmang) from July 2018 to December 2018 were included into the control group, and 60 patients diagnosed as optic atrophy (Qingmang) from January 2019 to June 2019 were recruited as study group. The control group received routine nursing intervention and the experimental group accepted the nursing pattern based on “one syndrome and one product” nursing model , including integrated nursing ward round, humanistic care based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing, standardized TCM measures for different syndrome types, TCM nursing path management and quality control. Self-made questionnaire was used to evaluate the Patient satisfaction, and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to measure the anxiety status of patients. The evaluation of nursing quality was conducted. Results The SAS score of two groups decreased after nursing intervention, and SAS score in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 01). The score for the evaluation of nursing quality and satisfaction rate in the study group were higher than those in the control group. Conclusion In the nursing care of patients with optic atrophy, “one syndrome and one product” nursing model is potentially effective to relieve the anxiety status of patients and improve the quality of specialized care. (目的 探讨“一证一品”护理模式在眼科青盲患者中的应用情况。方法 选取2018年7月—12月收治的60例青盲患者作为对照组, 实施常规护理干预; 选取2019年1月—6月收治的60例青盲患者作为研究组, 实施“一证一品”护理干预, 包括医护一体化护理查房, 实施中医护理人文关怀, 针对不同证型形成标准化中医护理措施, 进行中医护理路径管理和质量控制等。采用自制量表调查患者满意度, 采用焦虑自评量表评价(SAS)评估患者焦虑程度, 并开展护理质量评价。结果 干预后2组SAS评分均较干预前下降, 且研究组SAS评分低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。研究组护理质量评价得分高于对照组, 患者护理满意度高于对照组。结论 在青盲患者的护理中增加“一证一品”护理模式, 能有效改善患者焦虑程度, 对提升患者护理满意度和专科护理质量具有积极意义。)

The presence of karst will not only reduces the integrity of the surrounding rock of underground engineering, but also erode the surrounding rock mass for a long time due to its internal filler, leading to initial damage on different degrees of the surrounding rock. Taking the Taojia Tunnel in Chongqing as the research object, the main causes of the sand surge accident were analyzed and the stability analysis of the surrounding rock of the karst tunnel under the influence of initial damage and filling load was carried out with the help of the limited difference software FLAC3D 6.0. The main conclusions are as follow. The unloading of rock mass caused by tunnel excavation and the gravity action of the filling material inside the karst cave are the main causes of sand and mud flooding accidents. The influence of initial damage of rock mass on the vertical displacement and stability of the surrounding rock of the tunnel arch roof cannot be ignored. It is suggested that the initial damage coefficient should be 0.4-0.5. The filling load has a great influence on the stability of surrounding rock. When the load value is greater than 75 t/m², the vertical displacement of surrounding rock increases obviously, and the stability decreases sharply The greater the filling load and initial damage coefficient are, the greater the influence of intermediate principal stress (σ2) on the stability of tunnel surrounding rock is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new type of protective structure, it is of great practical significance to study the high velocity impact behavior of fiber metal laminates(FMLs) under preload. A nonlinear finite element model is established based on ABAQUS/Explicit software platform to study the penetration process and damage characteristics of preloaded FMLs under high velocity impact compression of hemispherical bullet. The strain rate effect of composite materials is considered and the in-plane damage of composite layer is predicted based on 3D Hashin criteria. Johnson-cook model is applied to simulate the high velocity impact mechanical response of metal layer. Cohesive elements are introduced to simulate the delamination phenomena of metal/composite and composite laminates interfaces. The finite element model is validated with existing experimental results in nonpreload condition and then applied to predict the high velocity impact behavior under compressive preloads. The effects of compressive preload and impact velocity on the mechanical properties of fiber metal laminates are discussed, and the damage characteristics under corresponding loads are also analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The feasibility of wind profile radar in typhoon observation is investigated with 6 cases including Feng-wong(1422), Chan-hom(1509), Nepartak(1601), Meranti(1614), Megi(1617), and Lekima(1909) during 2014 to 2019. Thirty-four groups datasets, including the Airda 3000 boundary layer wind profile radar, GPS balloon sounding and PARSIVEL laser precipitation data are analyzed.Preliminary analysis show that 30 out of 34 datasets satisfy the prerequisite condition of greater than 80% data completion. The average wind speed standard deviation of these 30 datasets is about 3.64 m·s-1 and the average difference is 4.67 m·s-1. Furthermore, 19 out of the 34 datasets achieve good results (standard deviation less than 4 m·s-1) when the observation by wind profile radar and sounding agree well above 250 m altitude, though they overlap less below that altitude. The sounding wind speed is observed to be much smaller than the wind profile radar data for altitudes below 250 m, which is possibly caused by the fact that sounding accelerates from stationary to consistent with environmental winds below 250 m altitude in typhoon environment, or by the disturbance in lower atmosphere of wind profile radar. Thus, ignoring the lowest 250 m altitude, the standard deviation of wind profile radar and balloon sounding decrease remarkably. This may imply that wind profile radar has high feasibility in boundary layer from 250 m altitude to the layer top under typhoon environment. In addition, data with lower validity are always located in the region which is about more than 200 km away from typhoon center, while the distribution of high validity data observation show no obvious pattern and locates from typhoon center to the outer region. There is also no significant relationship found between data validity and precipitation intensity. These may imply that wind profile radar have great potential under the condition of heavy precipitation and severe wind. The analysis of data with lower validity indicates that the distribution of humidity in typhoon and local disturbance cause uneven wind in the radar detection beam. In addition, because the coastal areas of Zhejiang and Fujian are mostly hilly terrain, the low-level circulation structure of typhoon is destroyed by terrain, which may also be one cause for the poor match of horizontal wind speed.Despite the limited data, wind profile radar shows a very hopeful potential and high validity in the observation and diagnosis of boundary layer even in severe convective weather environment such as typhoon inner core region.

To understand the effect of the tunnel section shape on the crack propagation law of surrounding rock in adjacent tunnel under blast loading, detailed research is carried out by model test and extended finite element(XFEM). The experimental study shows that under the blast loading, when the original crack grows through the original crack tip zone of the adjacent tunnel surrounding rock, the circumferential tensile zone resulting from propagating stress wave and the reflection stretch zone under the influence of the adjacent free surface of the tunnel, the growth directions have a great difference. The section shape of the tunnel mainly affects the extension direction of the original crack at the later stages. When the section shape of tunnel is different, the direction of the tensile stress of the free-face reflection tensile wave is also different. Since the direction of the reflection tensile stress is generally perpendicular to the free surface, the original cracks in the surrounding rock of the straight wall archway tunnel and the circular tunnel grow along tangential to the curved free surface, and the approximate “layer crack” phenomenon appears. However, the original crack propagation direction of the surrounding rock of the rectangular tunnel is parallel to the direction of the tensile stress of the vertical plane reflection wave, and the crack propagation is not affected, and it is still penetrated into the free surface along the approximate horizontal direction.

The problem of water seepage through sandstone micro-fractures in deep well is one of key factors influencing normal production. With the method of single factor sensitivity analysis, this paper is to tell us how to affect the seepage of micro-fractures by roughness, fracture opening, confining pressure and seepage pressure by self-developed micro-fracture triaxial stress seepage mechanism model test system. Simultaneously, numerical simulation is used to study the seepage process of micro-fractures in sandstone, and explain the evolution process of hydraulic fracture under water pressure. The results show that the factors that affect the seepage of micro-fractures from strong to weak are osmotic pressure, roughness, fracture opening and confining pressure; the evolution process of hydraulic fracture propagation under water pressure can be divided into the stress accumulation stage and the stable expansion stage of micro-fractures.

The thin film composite often buckles due to mismatch strain between each layer induced by in-plane residual stress during manufacturing or service loadings in operation. The buckling behavior of a composite structure consisting of a thin film and a compliant substrate was studied by elastic stability analysis based on complex function theory. The buckling parameters under uniaxial and biaxial in-plane compression were calculated respectively utilizing an author compiled program. The result indicates the critical pre-buckling stress is an inherent characteristic determined by material and geometric parameters. Under uniaxial and non-equal biaxial compression stress,the critical pre-buckling stress decreases with the increase of film/substrate elastic modulus ratio,meanwhile there is only one nonzero buckling wave number in the direction of the plane. For the equal biaxial stress,the influence factors of critical pre-buckling stress and dimensionless wavelength depend on substrate/film thickness ratio. Any buckling mode that satisfied with the wave number equation could occur.

[Objectives] The cabin layout of deep sea manned submersibles presents difficult problems, mainly regarding the reasonable arrangement of the equipment and the optimization and adjustment of the working area. Previous cabin designs were based on human muscle fatigue requirements, which easily led to the excessive concentration of equipment beyond the limited space of the phenomenon. This also caused such problems as insufficient space for the installation, use and maintenance of equipment. A two-goal-oriented design method focusing on cabin function and ergonomics may avoid these problems.[Methods] In this paper, we propose a layout design method based on two constraints, forming a deep sea submersible cabin layout design flow by analyzing the cabin function constraints and ergonomic constraints under two kinds of guidance. We take the ‘Jiaolong’ submersible cabin layout design as an example in accordance with the proposed process for program design, and use the JACK analysis system and other tools for human-computer comprehensive evaluation.[Results] This program can provide a comfortable, safe and labor-saving working environment for divers. The proposed layout design methods are reasonable and effective.[Conclusions] Research into the cabin function and ergonomics-oriented method can solve the problem of the small spatial layout of deep sea submersibles, and provide references for the similar layout design of small space and multi-equipment cabins.

In order to analyze in depth the release behavior of added flavor components in tobacco matrix using the solid-gas partition coefficient, a PRV-HS-GC-MS method was developed to determine the partition coefficients of monomeric flavors in cut tobacco matrix based on the changing comparison method combined with HS-GC-MS analysis. The partition coefficients (Kcut/air) of six ester flavors in cut tobacco matrix (solid phase) and gas phase were determined by the PRV-HS-GC-MS method. The results showed that: 1) The relative standard deviation (RSD) of Kcut/air of the six ester flavors at 90-110 °C ranged from 0.92% to 9.14%. The developed method was convenient and accurate with good repeatability. 2) The Kcut/air values of the six monomer ester flavors in cut tobacco were negatively correlated with temperature. The prediction equations established on the basis of Kcut/air values in low-temperature regions could predict Kcut/air values that were difficult to determine in high-temperature regions. The relative errors between the actually determined and predicted Kcut/air values at 90-110 °C were between 1.04% and 5.32%, indicating good prediction performance. 3) The Kcut/air values could be used as a parameter for the release performance of monomer flavors in cut tobacco matrix to quantitatively characterize the differences in monomer flavor release behavior, and it provided a new strategy to study the release behavior of tobacco monomer flavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The pile-beam-arch (PBA) method, one among many metro construction techniques, is gradually gaining public favor owing to its unique advantages. These include superb structural stability and a remarkable effect on controlling surface settlement. At the same time, the side pile structure, a key mechanical component of the station, plays an important role in the success or failure of the projects involving PBA method. Most current research mainly focuses on the construction optimization and control countermeasures associated with the PBA method. However, there is a noticeable lack of studies focused on the mechanical behavior of side piles during construction and the principles governing side pile-soil interaction. [Methods] This paper focuses on a subway station project in the Guangzhou area, for which a simplified station model test method using the PBA method has been designed. Concurrently, this test method and numerical simulation have been employed to further investigate the evolution of the construction mechanics behavior of the side pile structure in different excavation processes of the station constructed using the PBA method. The primary focus of this study includes a comparative investigation into the soil pressure behind the piles and the internal force and deformation characteristics of the side piles under various spacing parameters. [Results] The results of this study are the following: 1) Under different pile spacing, stress concentration is most notable at the completion stage of the arch and the excavation stage of the first soil layer. As pile spacings increase, the stress concentration area behind the pile gradually shifts away from the pile position, with the stress peak decreasing correspondingly. 2) The bending moment of the side pile structure gradually increases throughout the construction process. The maximum section of the bending moment gradually migrates downward to the middle of the pile body, resulting in a "bow" distribution feature where the value is larger in the middle and smaller at both ends. Conversely, the axial force of the side pile structure remains relatively stable, presenting a "zigzag" pattern from the start to the end of the excavation. The maximum axial force appears at the junction between the side pile and the embedded stratum. 3) The peak value of the side pile's internal force increases with the pile spacings, and the pile spacings' influence on the side pile structure's axial force is more significant than its impact on the bending moment. As construction progresses, the lateral deformation of the pile body changes from initial "forward" deformation outside the station to final "bulging" deformation inside the station. The peak displacement of the pile body increases significantly with the pile spacing. 4) The stress and deformation of the side piles change most notably in the stage of excavation of the first soil layer. During actual construction, more attention should be paid to this stage, and appropriate lateral lining measures should be taken when necessary to maintain the stability of the station structure. [Conclusions] Through this experiment, the whole process of designing, making, operation testing, and data monitoring of the side pile structure in a metro station using the PBA method is demonstrated for students during the model test. This approach facilitates students' understanding of the mechanics and deformation evolution characteristics of a metro station constructed with the PBA method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to meet the needs of stable construction excavation and normal operation of the main transformer room of Yangfanggou hydropower station,multiple caverns were excavated on its right wall,such a three-dimensional cross cavern group is formed.In order to study the surrounding rock stability of cavern group,according to the actual geological conditions and construction schedule on site,this paper conducts a three-dimensional numerical simulation analysis of the entire construction process of the cavern group by the FLAC3D program,obtains the distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock deformation,stress and plastic zone of the cavern group,and based on these,evaluates the rationality and surrounding rock stability of the excavation scheme of the three-dimensional cross cavern group,which provide scientific basis and technical guidance for excavation and support design.

The vertical slit fishway has the characteristics of simple partition type, good flow conditions of water, and clear mainstream position, making it suitable for fish migration in different water layers. It is currently the most widely used fish passage engineering. Under the same conditions of length to the width ratio, vertical seam position, and partition thickness of the pond, three types of fishway pond partition are preliminarily designed. Modeling software is used to build a mathematical model and numerically simulate the structure of the first type of fishway pool chamber. The numerical simulation process includes determining the model boundary conditions, meshing the model, inputting calculation parameters, and conducting solving calculations of model. The maximum flow velocity near the vertical joint of the 2-9 partition plate calculated by the mathematical model is compared with the water flow pattern of surface of the tank chamber with the maximum flow velocity near the vertical joint measured by the model experiment of physics and the water flow pattern of surface of the tank chamber, to verify the rationality of the optimization of the partition plate type and size in the mathematical model. The numerical simulation method is used to calculate three types of fishway tank structures, and the baffle type is optimized by analyzing the maximum flow velocity of the water along the main flow zone and trajectory of different tank structures, as well as the flow velocity at different depths near the vertical seam of the 5th baffle. A 1:5 scale local physical model test is conducted on the determined optimized partition type, which involves measuring the flow velocity with different vertical joints in different depths; a model test of physics is conducted on a scale of 1:20 for the determined optimized partition type, with measurements of the flow velocity at the vertical joint and the water depth along the way. The test results show that when the water depth at the outlet of the fishway is not less than the inlet water depth, i.e. in operating conditions 1 and 4, the flow velocity near the vertical joints of each partition is less than the design flow velocity of 1.2 m/s. Under operating conditions 1 and 4, where the water depth at the outlet of the fishway is equal to or greater than the inlet, and the flow velocity near the vertical joints of a partition at one's inlets is relatively high. The maximum current speed in these conditions is 1.319 meters per second, while for operating condition 3, it is 1.561 meters per second, with both maximum values more than 1.2 meters per second. This paper recommends operating the fishway under conditions 1 and 4. At the same time, the hydraulic properties of fishway under water are examined, and it is suggested that a 4-meter per second impact flow velocity value should be used to improve structural strength in the baffle and guide plate of this multi-stage water tank located at the head of that channel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the newly-built underpass tunnel of Nijiaqiao station in Chengdu Metro Line 8, which passes right under metro station of Line 1, and numerical simulation method is performed to compare and analyze the influence on the newly-built and existing structure between removing the temporary lining first and second lining first. Based on the working condition of "removal of temporary lining before the secondary liner", the plan of removing the support is further analyzed. Moreover, some results are verified by the on-site monitoring data. The main results show that: in the case of second lining first, the bending moment and settlement of the existing station and the preliminary lining bending moment and the secondary lining settlement of the new channel caused by the removal of the temporary lining are not obvious; for the case of temporary lining first, after all the temporary linings are removed at one time, the bending moments of existing and new structures change greatly along the section. In terms of structural settlement, the maximum sudden settlement of the preliminary lining of existing stations and new channels after the removal of temporary lining reaches 4.86 mm and 7.30 mm respectively. Basing on removing the temporary lining first, the most disadvantageous part occurs in the longitudinal middle of the underpass when the temporary lining is removed in sequence and removed by jumping. The settlement of the preliminary lining of the newly-built channel caused by the jumping is larger than that of the sequential dismantling, but its construction efficiency is higher. The specific method should be reasonably selected according to the construction safety standard and the economic requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New railways often use frame piers to cross the operating railway. The construction of existing frame piers, especially columns, has a great impact on the operating railway. It is worth studying how to complete the construction quickly and efficiently and reduce the impact on operating railways. In this paper, the rapid construction frame pier is taken as the research object, the research on structure form, connection form, design calculation and construction method is carried out through theoretical analysis, finite element calculation, scheme comparison and engineering application verification. The main research results are as follows: (1) For the rapid construction frame pier, the frame pier beam adopts steel structure, and the column adopts concrete column, steel-concrete composite column, steel column and steel-concrete hybrid column. The full assembly construction can meet the needs of rapid construction of frame piers with different beam span and height. (2) A new type connection of the rapid construction frame pier, between beam and column and between column and foundation, is proposed, which can realize rapid assembly on site. (3) The calculation and analysis show that the strength, rigidity, fatigue and connection performance of the rapid construction frame pier meet the stress requirements. (4) After the successful implementation of some projects, the goal of reducing the impact of construction on the operating railway and reducing the traffic safety risk has been achieved with good promotional value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to software and hardware differentiation, the problem of false positives mistakenly identified as network attack behavior caused by inconsistent mimic decision results frequently occurs. Therefore, a mimic decision method based on deep learning was proposed. By constructing an unsupervised autoencoder-decoder deep learning model, the deep semantic features of diverse normal response data were explored from different executions and its statistical rules were analyzed and summarized. Additionally, the offline learning-online decision-making mechanism and the feedback optimization mechanism were designed to solve false positive problem, thereby accurately detecting network attacks and improving target system security resilience. Since statistical rules of normal response data was understood and mastered by deep learning model, the mimic decision results among different executions could remain consistent, indicating that the target system was in a secure state. However, once the target system was subjected to a network attacks, the response data outputted by the different executions was deviated from statistical distribution of deep learning model. Therefore, inconsistent mimic decision results were presented, indicating that the affected execution was under attack and the target system was exposed to potential security threats. The experiments show that the performance of the proposed method is significantly superior to the popular mimic decision methods, and the average prediction accuracy is improved by 14.89%, which is conducive to integrating the method into the mimic transformation of real application to enhance the system's defensive capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research progress of organic amine chemical absorbents is reviewed. The performance evaluation indexes of absorbents, CO2 capture mechanism of different absorbents, existing problems and development trends are reviewed. With the goal of 1.5 °C temperature rise and the vision of carbon neutralization, the research, development and application of carbon capture, utilization and storage technology have attracted more and more attention. Among many carbon capture technologies, the chemical absorption method with organic amine as the absorbent is the most studied and mature carbon capture technology. A number of demonstration projects have been built in the power, cement, chemical and other industries, which is most likely to achieve large-scale carbon emission reduction in the power and industrial sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physical property and expansion rate of the modified steel slag were tested. The mineral composition and microstructure of steel slag were analyzed by XRD, XRF and SEM. Three kinds of asphalt mixtures with AC-13C(modified steel slag, original steel slag and limestone) were designed. The road performance of asphalt mixture was evaluated through immersion marshall and high temperature rut tests. The results show that comparing with the control group, the water-immersed expansion rate of the modified steel slag reduces to 1.69%, and the volume expansion rate of the modified steel slag asphalt mixture reduces to 0.4%. After the modification of steel slag by chelating agent, CaC2O4 is generated on the surface and pores of steel slag. The physical property of modified steel slag and the basic road performance of asphalt mixture are improved, which are better than those of limestone asphalt mixture. The modified treatment can eliminate f- CaO in steel slag, and CaC2O4 protective layer can be formed on the surface of the modified steel slag, which can reduce the expansion rate of steel slag and improve the mechanical property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using intumescent flame retardant (IFR) composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) as the main flame retardant, the organic montmorillonite (OMMT) as the synergistic flame retardant, and the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) as the polymer charring agent, the flame retardant modification of polybutylene succinate (PBS) was carried out by melt blending. The effect of the distribution of IFR and OMMT on the flame retardancy of PBS/TPU blends was investigated. The PBS/TPU/IFR/OMMT flame retardant composites were tested and characterized by limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion, thermogravimetric analysis, melt viscosity analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that OMMT and IFR has a good synergistic flame retardant effect. The flame retardant effect of PBS/TPU/IFR blends can be improved when the mass fraction of OMMT is 1%. The distribution position of IFR and OMMT has a significant impact on the flame retardance of PBS/TPU/IFR/OMMT blends. When IFR and OMMT are directly distributed in PBS phase, the flame retardancy of the blend is the best. LOI is 32. 7% and the vertical combustion reaches UL 94 V-0 level, which is significantly better than that of the flame retardancy for the other three distribution systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbonation curing cement-based materials can improve the properties of cement products while permanently sequestering CO2, which is considered to be a very promising carbon reduction technology. In this paper, cement pastes with different pore structures were prepared by changing the water-cement ratio (w/c =0. 35, w/c =0. 4, w/c =0. 45) and pre-conditioning time (2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h), and the influences of pore structure and water content on the carbonation reaction of cement paste were studied. The results show that the carbon sequestration rate of cement paste with different water-cement ratios reaches the maximum when the pre-conditioning time is 8 h, and the carbon sequestration rate increases with the increase of water-cement ratio. At the same time, for cement paste with early hydration (24 h standard curing +8 h pre-conditioning), the influence of water-cement ratio on the pore structure is much greater than the degree of hydration. The cement paste with initial water-cement ratio of 0. 45 undergoes 8 h pre-conditioning and then undergoes 8 h carbonization curing. Its carbon sequestration rate, carbonation depth and compressive strength reach 20. 35% (mass fraction), 12. 49 mm and 61. 99 MPa, respectively, which increases the compressive strength by 14. 27% compared with the strength of the 28 d standard curing test block (54. 25 MPa). The main products of carbonation reaction are CaCO3 and silica gel. The filling of CaCO3 optimizes the pore structure of cement paste, significantly reduces the pores larger than 50 nm, and the main crystal forms of CaCO3 are calcite and aragonite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

二战后，国际体系逐渐从“权力体系”进入“制度体系”时代，国际制度成为国际体系建设的核心，大国围绕制度结构中优势地位的争夺变为推动彼此关系变化的主要动因。“制度体系”背景下，国际制度主导国为维护自身主导地位，往往使用“安全杠杆”，在维持国际市场开放性前提下，建立“歧视”崛起国的国际经济制度，推动经济要素向着有利于己方的方向流动，削弱崛起国的物质基础和政策自由度。2010年前后，国际制度结构进入加速调整期，重点是在东亚地区，中国则是主要推动力。国际制度结构的调整威胁了美国原有的主导地位。因此，2010年前后，中美之间的矛盾瞬时尖锐起来。中美此轮博弈的焦点是东亚国际制度主导权，美国的安全战略只是手段，面对美国即将建立的针对中国的“歧视”性国际经济制度安排（TPP），中国需在更大范围内的加大开放，以“共同发展”应对该歧视战略。 After World War II, international order gradually changed from a 'power-centered system' to an 'Institution-based System'. International Institution became the core stone in the construction of the international order. Occupying an advantageous position in the institutional structure became the main factor in driving relational changes between major powers. Against the background of 'institutional system', the dominant countries are inclined to use the 'security lever' as a tool to maintain their dominant position. In order to promote economic factors conducive to their own benefit, these dominant powers set up a series of discriminative international institutions against emerging powers by weakening their material foundation and their room for maneuver in policy-making without destabilizing the liberalization of global market. After 2010, the international order entered into a period of re-adjustment during which East Asia became the pivotal center of attention while China became the main driving force. This situation was seen as a threat to the existing US hegemony. Therefore, before and after 2010 the contradictions between China and the United States were intensifying, and the focus of this round of China-US power struggle aimed to occupy the hegemonic position in shaping the international order in East Asia. Perceiving the US “security strategy” as a means and facing the US-led discriminative international economic order (TPP), China needs to broaden its openness and to use the "common development" strategy to deal with the US discriminative strategy.

A novel retransmission approach in wireless broadcasting based on network coding（NCWBR） was presented, the key point of which was to combine different lost packets with network coding to achieve high efficient retransmission.Theoretical analysis reveals that the approach can ensure the solvability in the receiver nodes, and has better retransmission performance.Simulation results indicate that, comparing with existing approach, NWCBR can effectively reduce the average number of transmissions and improve the transmission efficiency.