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Coronary artery segmentation is a major step in coronary heart disease computer-aided diagnosis systems, which is used to ensure only the coronary artery region to be processed in subsequent steps. The coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) image has its own inherent characteristics, such as unclear boundary, complicated structure, and inconspicuous features, which make the CCTA image segmentation a difficult task. To address this problem, the fusion of geometric features of the image can enhance the feature learning ability of network, thereby improving the segmentation accuracy. Therefore, we proposed a coronary segmentation method that integrates the geometric features into Mask RCNN. Boundary extraction algorithm and fractal feature extraction algorithm are proposed to extract boundary and fractal features. Through the feature fusion method, the boundary features and fractal features are fused into the network. Experimentally, we evaluated the proposed method by using coronary artery dataset. The average accuracy (PA) and Dice coefficient of the proposed method reached 83% and (84.0±10.1)%, respectively. The test results demonstrate that the proposed method provides greater accuracy and robustness.

In order to improve the indexing accuracy of CNC gear shaper YKD5132X3, the transmission error of gear shaper is detected. After analyzing the data, it is concluded that the main error sources of indexing error are workpiece worktable worm gear and cutter stand worktable worm gear pair. Aiming at these two error sources, the two worm gears are processed by the refined worm wheel master machine of our research group, and the on-line detection is realized through the on-line detection device. After the worm gear is finished, when the gear shaper is assembled, the installation of the workpiece worm gear is adjusted by TE data. The method of adjusting and installing many times in the past is replaced, which saves the installation time and improves the installation precision. Finally, the gear cutting accuracy of gear shaper is improved from 7-level to 5-level.

The big data development has been escalated to the strategic altitude by the “Executive Outlines on Facilitating Big Data Development” publicized by the General Office of State Council,stressing the development of business applications such as big data for agriculture and rural areas.The modern agriculture faced lot of realistic predicaments.These obstacles urged big data applications to propel the transformation and upgrade of our agricultural.Aimed at the existing problems,the development status of agricultural data in Shandong province was analyzed.The necessity of agricultural big data development,the corresponding major tasks and safeguard measures of this development were proposed.This article can provide preference for the related policy making.

In Chinese coal mine industry, most of rock bolts have a low load-bearing capacity and have no requirement for impact absorbing energy. An investigation of broken rock bolts was carried out in underground coal mines and it was found that the major reason of bolt failure was low tensile strength, high inclusion content, lack of impact toughness and impact-bearing capacity. Low impact toughness is the intrinsic reason for bolt broken. To overcome this problem, an ultrahigh-heat processed bolt was developed. The capacity of this type of bolts was evaluated by doing pull-load and twisting tests. The experimental results show that the ultrahigh-heat processed bolts exhibit higher load-bearing capacity comparing to conventional bolts. The coefficient of impact-absorbing energy of the ultrahigh-heat processed bolt is many times higher than that of the conventional bolts. The ultrahigh-heat processed bolts have been used for supporting a roadway subjected to dynamic stresses at Zhangchun Coal Mine in Lu'an. The pre-tension was between 52 to 98 kN and the monitored maximum load was 223 kN which was less than its broken load. The deformation of the roadway was efficiently controlled by the ultrahigh-heat processed bolts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the relationship between physical properties and chemical components about flue-cured tobacco, six physical properties and seven normal chemical components of 92 flue-cured tobacco samples were detected and these data were analyzed by simple correlation analysis, canonical correlation analysis and path analysis. The results showed as follows: 1) value had significant negative correlation with total sugar and reducing sugar filling, and had significant extremely positive correlation with total nitrogen and chlorine; leaf thickness had significant extremely positive correlation with total alkaloid, total nitrogen and chlorine; had significant negative correlation with total sugar and reducing sugar; leaf density had significant extremely positive correlation with total alkaloid and total nitrogen, had significant extremely negative correlation with total sugar and reducing sugar; chlorine had extremely or significant extremely negative correlation with reducing sugar and smoldering time; tensile strength had extremely or significant negative correlation with total alkaloid, total nitrogen and chlorine, had significant extremely positive correlation with total sugar; equilibrium moisture content had significant extremely positive correlation with total sugar, had significant extremely positive correlation total alkaloid and reducing sugar. The results of canonical correlation analysis was consistent with the simple correlation analysis, and the canonical correlation coefficients of three pairs of canonical variables were 0. 817, 0. 538, 0. 524 respectively. 2) Total sugar, total alkaloid, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and chloride were closely related potassium and starch less with physical characteristics in routine chemical components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the photo-protection of water-water circulation in ginger leaves, the effects of different treatments such as natural light + water control (T1), shading 50% + water control (T2), natural light + 10 mmol.L-1 IA (T3), shading 50% + 10 mmol · L-1 IA (T4) on leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Mehler reaction and the activities of SOD, APX of potted gin- ger were studied. The results showed that the Pn and Fv / Fm of ginger leaves in T3 and T4 reduced constantly, but that of T1 and T2 had no significant change during treatment. For example, at the ninth day after treatment, the Pn of T3 and T4 decreased by 64% and 33. 2% respectively, and the Fv / Fm decreased by 16. 5% and 10. 9% respectively, while Mehler reaction of T3 and T4 increased by 139. 4% and 72. 6% respectively, the activity of SOD and APX were significantly higher than those of the controls. At the sixth day after treatment, the leaf Pn and Fv / Fm in all treatments reduced significantly at noon, but Mehler reaction and the activities of SOD and APX increased markedly, and the largest amplitude was observed in T3, followed by T4, and then T1 and T2. So, it was clear that Mehler reaction and the activity of reactive-oxygen scavenging enzymes increased when leaf Pn was inhibited by exogenous IA. The results suggested that water-water circulation played an essential role in dissipating excessive light energy of ginger leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the relationship between water supply in roots, light intensity on leaves and reactive oxygen metabolism, the effects of various treatments including natural light plus normal watering (T1), 50% shading plus normal watering (T2 ), natural light plus PEG-6000 simulated drought (T3), 50% shading plus simulated drought (T4) on reactive oxygen level and antioxidant enzyme activity in ginger leaves were studied. The results showed that, 6 days after treatment, the O-∙ 2 production rate and H2O2 and MDA contents remarkably increased in ginger leaves at midday. Treatment T3 showed the greatest increment, followed by T4, T1 and T2 in order. In addition, the activities of SOD and POD in all treatments and CAT in T3 and T4 noticeably decreased, while CAT in T1 and T2 exhibited a high activity at midday. Throughout the whole treatment, reactive oxygen level and antioxidant enzyme activities of ginger leaves in T1 and T2 remained stable, with a higher activity in T1 than in T2. However, the reactive oxygen level kept increasing in leaves exposed to treatments T3 and T4. Meanwhile, the activities of antioxidant enzymes increased firstly and then decreased. Taken together, this study demonstrated that drought stress, especially drought plus light stress, led to an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen in ginger leaves, while shading was conducive to maintaining high activity of protective enzymes, and therefore to reducing reactive oxygen level and alleviate drought-induced injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gloiopeltis furcata, an important economic red macroalga, has been severely depleted due to human disturbances. Taking the natural G. furcata populations around the Xiaoheishan Is- land of Shandong, China as test objects, this paper studied the spatiotemporal variation pattern of their biomass and length and related affecting factors. The two-way ANCOVA showed that at island scale, both the subbottom and the Baardseth index had significant effects on the G. furcata biomass and length. The steady subbottom and the high Baardseth index were beneficial to the G. furcata growth. At microhabitat scale, wave action and tidal level had significant effects on the G. furcata biomass and length. Wave wash and moderate tidal level promoted the G. furcata growth. The one- way repeated measurements ANOVA showed there existed seasonal variation of G. furcat biomass and length. The optimal growth period of G. furcata was from March to April, with the peak values of biomass and length appeared in late spring and early summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that many high-strength rock bolts fail at the thread part without obvious decrease in diameter, analytical analysis on the stress status of the thread was performed. The results show that stress concentration due to the change in diameter and self-locking of the domed washer due to inappropriate rotation center of the washer worsen the mechanical status of rock bolts. Laboratory tests on fractured threads was carried out, chemical analyses were performed on the fractured threads, the effect of the varied installation angles on the bending fracturing of rock bolts was tested. The mechanical status and the stress distribution in the thread was carried out using finite element method,and the most unfavorable position of the rock bolts was identified. Field tests were performed in the roadways suffering severe dynamic mining-induced stresses in the Zhangcun Coal Mine, many optimization plans were proposed to solve the rock bolt fracturing issue and to relieve the effects of the unfavorable forces on the rod of rock bolts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to prevent the fault wire-key probing attacks from the malicious mobile code generators for enhancing the confidentiality of executors' inputs in Zhong-Yang protocol, a verifiable multiplying subsidiary circuit is proposed and used to extend the garbled circuit in Zhong-Yang protocol. The extended protocol replaces executors' input-wires with the multiplying subsidiary circuits for resisting fault wire-key probing attacks, and ensures the correctness of the construction of the subsidiary circuit by the committed garbled circuit technology of Jarecki and Shmatikov and the third-party challenged zero-knowledge proof protocols. The analyses show that, when more than two-thirds, of the third-party servers are honest, the extended protocol can prevent the tampering wire-key attacks of the malicious third-party servers and the fault wire-key probing attacks of the malicious generators simultaneously, meet the non-interactive request of mobile code environment, and add polynomial communication and computation complexity: The extended protocol ensures the complete confidentiality of executors' inputs in malicious mobile code environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo select four algorithms with relatively balanced complexity and accuracy among deep learning image classification algorithms for automatic diatom recognition, and to explore the most suitable classification algorithm for diatom recognition to provide data reference for automatic diatom testing research in forensic medicine.MethodsThe “diatom” and “background” small sample size data set （20 000 images） of digestive fluid smear of corpse lung tissue in water were built to train, validate and test four convolutional neural network （CNN） models, including VGG16, ResNet50, InceptionV3 and Inception-ResNet-V2. The receiver operating characteristic curve （ROC） of subjects and confusion matrixes were drawn, recall rate, precision rate， specificity， accuracy rate and F1 score were calculated， and the performance of each model was systematically evaluated.ResultsThe InceptionV3 model achieved much better results than the other three models with a balanced recall rate of 89.80%, a precision rate of 92.58%. The VGG16 and Inception-ResNet-V2 had similar diatom recognition performance. Although the performance of diatom recall and precision detection could not be balanced, the recognition ability was acceptable. ResNet50 had the lowest diatom recognition performance, with a recall rate of 55.35%. In terms of feature extraction, the four models all extracted the features of diatom and background and mainly focused on diatom region as the main identification basis.ConclusionIncluding the Inception-dependent model, which has stronger directivity and targeting in feature extraction of diatom. The InceptionV3 achieved the best performance on diatom identification and feature extraction compared to the other three models. The InceptionV3 is more suitable for daily forensic diatom examination.

Diatom test is the main laboratory test method in the diagnosis of drowning in forensic medicine. It plays an important role in differentiating the antemortem drowning from the postmortem drowning and inferring drowning site. Artificial intelligence （AI） automatic diatom test is a technological innovation in forensic drowning diagnosis which is based on morphological characteristics of diatom, the application of AI algorithm to automatic identification and classification of diatom in tissues and organs. This paper discusses the morphological diatom test methods and reviews the research progress of automatic diatom recognition and classification involving AI algorithms. AI deep learning algorithm can assist diatom testing to obtain objective, accurate, and efficient qualitative and quantitative analysis results, which is expected to become a new direction of diatom testing research in the drowning of forensic medicine in the future.

ObjectiveTo explore the research hotspots and development trends of the field of forensic drowning from 1991 to 2020 by bibliometrics methods.MethodsBased on Web of Science， CNKI database， Wanfang Data knowledge service platform， python 3.9.2， CiteSpace 5.8.R3, Gephi 0.9.2, etc. were used to analyze the publishing trends， countries/regions， institutions， authors and topics of the study on drowning.ResultsA total of 631 English literature were obtained， including 59 articles from Chinese authors， and 386 Chinese literature were obtained. The Chinese and English journals with the largest number of related literatures were Chinese Journal of Forensic Science （80 articles） and Forensic Science International （106 articles）， respectively. Japan published the most articles in English， and China ranked third. Osaka City Univ （Japan，28 articles） published the most English articles，and Guangzhou Forens Sci Inst （China，22 articles） ranked second. Among Chinese literature， Guangzhou Forens Sci Inst （32 articles） published the most. The topic analysis of Chinese and English literature showed that diatom examination， virtual autopsy， postmortem biochemical examination， the nature of death， and postmortem submersion interval were the hot spots of current research， but English literature had more studies on new technologies and methods， while Chinese literature was more inclined to practice， application and experience summary.ConclusionThe number of literature in forensic medicine on drowning is relatively stable. The scope of international and domestic collaborations in this field is still limited. The automated examination of diatoms， the establishment of diatom DNA barcodes and virtual autopsy will be the most important research hotspots in the coming period and are expected to achieve breakthroughs in drowning diagnosis， drowning location inference， postmortem submersion interval estimation， etc.

Rased on the analysis on damage modes of rock bolting components and factors resulting in the failure, their mechanical performances, including rebar, thread, plate, domed washer and anti-friction washer, were studied. The stress distribution features of rebar and thread on varying loading states were analyzed through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. The effects of rebar profile and geometric parameters on die anchorage force and installation resistance were tested in laboratory, the compressive performance of plates and the compatibility between the components on bolt end were also tested. The mechanical performances of resin capsules and their affecting factors were studied. Research results point out:bolt rods are acted by tension, bending, torsion, shear and their combination, bolt yielding is in normal state, and generally fracture at four points in coal mine roadways. Thread teeth sharply change the stress distribution on its surface and adjacent zone, and stress concentration occurs in the valley of thread teeth. The compressive deformation of domed plates can be divided intofive stages, and the arch height of plates should be more than a fixed value to guarantee their bearing capacity. The profiles, parameters and mechanical performances of the components on bolt end should be compatible to guarantee rock bolts laying in good stress state. Resin capsules should be compatible with the rebar and borehole to guarantee a better cohesive performance between the interfaces of boltresin and resin-rock. The research achievements have been applied in many complicated roadways, the fractures of bolting components have been greatly reduced, and bolting performances obviously improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs) combined with chitosan composite hydrogel loaded with transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-β3) to repair meniscus defects. Methods A full-thickness defect model of the anterior horn of the meniscus was developed in 60 New Zealand white rabbits. They were randomly divided into: the control group which did not implant any materials. The repair group Ⅰ in which chitosan composite hydrogel and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells composite were injected into the defect group, and in group Ⅱ,the chitosan composite hydrogel loaded with TGF-beta 3 and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells complex were repaired. After 12 weeks of operation, the samples were taken for radiology, gross and histological observation. Western blot was used to detect type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan protein. Results In the control group, the full-thickness defect of the meniscus anterior horn was not obviously repaired; in the repair group Ⅰ,most of the defects were filled with repaired tissue; in the repair group Ⅱ, the defects were completely filled with repaired tissue. The expression level of type Ⅱ collagen and proteoglycan protein in repair group Ⅱ was higher than that in control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with chitosan hydrogel loaded with TGF-beta 3 can promote the repair of meniscus defects in rabbits.

A radioactive detection system for water on the vehicle based on NaI(TI) detector was developed. In order to optimize the structure of the detection system and to save the cost, the Monte Carlo code Geant4 was used to simulate the detection efficiency and the peak value of the detector when the holders with different volume were used in the detection system. After efficiency calibration, the detection efficiency of actual measurement for all-around peak count were similar with the results from Monte Carlo simulation results. To further understand the relationship between the relative error and the performance parameters of the detector, such as detection time, detection limit and the activity, the 180 Bq/L 137Cs standard solution that was prepared by the State Administration of Science. Technology and Industry for National Defence. PRC was placed in detection system on the vehicle for experiment. The detection performance of system satisfied the requirement of subject index requirement. In the event of a nuclear accident, we need quickly reach the designated test area and conduct rapid quantitative testing which can provide the basis for the rapid response of the management department.

To defeat botnets and ensure cyberspace security,a novel social network-based botnet with strong destroy-resistance (DR-SNbot),as well as its corresponding countermeasure,was proposed.DR-SNbot constructed command and control servers (C＆C-Servers) based on social network.Each C＆C-Server corresponded to a unique pseudo-random nickname.The botmaster issues commanded by hiding them in diaries using information hiding techniques,and then a novel C＆C channel was established.When different proportions of C＆C-Servers were invalid,DR-SNbot would send out different levels of alarms to inform attackers to construct new C＆C-Servers.Then,DR-SNbot could automatically repair C＆C communication to ensure its strong destroy-resistance.Under the experimental settings,DR-SNbot could resume the C＆C communication in a short period of time to keep 100% of the control rate even if all the current C＆C-Servers were invalid.Finally,a botnet nickname detecting method was proposed based on the difference of lexical features of legal nicknames and pseudo-random nicknames.Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively (precision:96.88%,recall:93%) detect pseudo-random nicknames generated by social network-based botnets with customized algorithms.

A novel method for fast and accurately tracing reused code was proposed. Based on simhash and inverted in-dex, the method can fast trace similar functions in massive code. First of all, a code database with three-level inverted in-dex structures was constructed. For the function to be traced, similar code blocks could be found quickly according to simhash value of the code block in the function code. Then the potential similar functions could be fast traced using in-verted index. Finally, really similar functions could be identified by comparing jump relationships of similar code blocks. Further, malware samples containing similar functions could be traced. The experimental results show that the method can quickly identify the functions inserted by compilers and the reused functions based on the code database under the premise of high accuracy and recall rate.

This article reports the flow characteristics and oxygen-enriched effect of round outlet oxygen diffusion at a large space.Experimental results show that the axial maximum velocity and oxygen concentration of oxygen diffusion both decrease with axial distance,and there are large velocity and oxygen concentration gradients within an axial direction range of 0 to 0.6 m. The oxygenenriched regions are similar at different outflow velocities and their concentration profiles are closer to a semi-elliptical form by a smaller outlet diameter at the downstream,which contributes to forming a much larger oxygen-enriched region. A relation between the extended half-width of outer boundary enriched area and the axial distance and a relationship between the oxygen-enriched area and the outflow rate are obtained through function fitting. The oxygen-enriched area formed by dual outlet oxygen diffusion approximately decreases 10% than that by single outlet oxygen diffusion with the same outflow rate; the oxygen-enriched area formed by 6 mmdiameter outlet oxygen diffusion increases about 10% compared to 8 mm-diameter outlet oxygen diffusion.

Obtaining qualified training data for protocol identif ion generally requires domain experts to be involved,which is time-consuming and laborious.A novel approach for network protocol identification based on active learning and SVM algorithm was proposed.The experimental evaluations on real-world network traces show this approach can accurately and efficiently classify the target network protocol from mixed Internet traffic,and meanwhile display a sig-nificant reduction in the number of labeled samples.Therefore,this approach can be employed as an auxiliary tool for analyzing unknown protocols in real-world environment.

For the problem of network abnormality index calculation,a transductive quantitative calculation approach named QCDP was proposed based on quantitative characteristics index,composition characteristics index,distribution characteristics index and pattern characteristics index.Seven experiments using real network traces were made to validate the effectiveness of QCDP.Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that,compared with the traditional transductive method based on traffic,the QCDP can more effectively reflect the macro situation of typical network security incidents; compared with the inductive methods,the QCDP has better objectivity,instantaneity and practicability.

A potential hidden relationship may exist among different zombie groups.A method to analyze the relationship among botnets was proposed based on the communication activities.The method extracted several communication fea-tures of botnet,including the number of flows per hour,the number of packets per flow,the number of flows per IP and the packet payloads.It defined similarity statistical functions of the communication features,and built the analysis model of botnets relationship based on the advanced dempster-shafer（D-S） evidence theory to synthetically evaluate the simi-larities between different zombie groups.The experiments were conducted using several botnet traces.The results show that the method is valid and efficient,even in the case of encrypted botnet communication messages.Moreover,the ideal processing results is achieved by applying our method to analyze the data captured from the security monitoring platform of computer network,as well as compare with similar work.

To construct attack scenarios and predict intrusion intents automatically,a real-time alert correlation approach based on capability transition model was proposed.By highly abstracting the reasoning evidences,the process complexity is effectively reduced.Experiment results on the DARPA2000 IDS test dataset indicate that the method is effective and efficient.

A network anomaly detection scheme based on TCM-KNN algorithm was proposed.Moreover,genetic algo-rithm（GA） based instance selection was introduced to boost the detection performance,meanwhile reduce the computa-tional cost for TCM-KNN.A series of experimental results demonstrate the proposed method is effective,the instance se-lection mechanism also improves TCM-KNN and makes it be a good candidate for anomaly detection in practice.

In order to meet the need of buried type pressure sensor in the coal mine production safety and solve the limitations of current optical fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors in the structure and applications. A kind of fiber Bragg grating mine pressure sensor that can be used of coal or rock embedding, coal weighing and hydraulic supporting was proposed and fabricated. This sensor is a kind of cylindrical micro-structure with size 30 mm diameter and 10 mm height. Vertical distribution pressure can be transferred to horizontal strain of the metal diaphragm which can be transmitted to FBG that is pasted on the diaphragm. Firstly, by using the finite-element analysis method the lozenge force transmission structure of the sensor and the strain of the H-shaped diaphragm were theoretically analyzed. Secondly, the characteristics of this sensor were experimentally studied. The results indicate that the sensor has a very good linearity and repeatability. The linear fitting parameters is 0. 997 5,the measuring range is 0-7.15 MPa and the pressure sensitivity is 0.598 3 nm/MPa. This kind of sensor can be used in pressure measurement, can be used to replace other electronic pressure sensor to measure coal mine pressure accurately and also can be applied in other fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual motivation refers to the intensity of willingness to have sex with or near a potential partner and is important for sexual health. At present, low sexual desire has become an increasingly prominent social problem, and there are no unified standards for its detection and evaluation. In this paper, we systematically sorted out the commonly used methods for detecting sexual motivation in male rats, including the three major categories of male-female mating, competitive selection and task acquisition, and discussed the relevant evaluation indexes and the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. We also explored the nature of sexual motivation, elaborated sexual contact behavior as a direct manifestation of sexual motivation, and proposed focusing relevant studies on contact behaviors and differentiating sexual proximity from social proximity.

The study aimed to examine the effects of virtual reality (VR) technology-based phase I cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program in elderly coronary heart disease (CHD) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Thirty-six cases of elderly CHD patients who underwent PCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2022 to April 2023 were recruited by convenience sampling method. The patients were randomly assigned by means of random digital table method to two study groups: control group (n = 18), which received conventional nursing intervention after PCI, and experimental group (n = 18), which received a combined program of conventional nursing intervention together with CR program based on VR technology. The 6 min walk test (6MWT), Simple Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), SF-36 scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) were tested before and after rehabilitation. Moreover, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was recorded at 3 months after PCI. After VR-based CR, the 6MWT distance and SPPB scores of patients in the experimental group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The HADS scores and IES-R scores of the patients in the experimental group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.01), and the difference in SF-36 scale scores was not statistically significant between two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of MACE was not significantly different at 3 months after PCI (P > 0.05). These results suggest that VR-based phase I CR program mitigates the degree of PCI postoperative stress, anxiety, and depression in elderly CHD patients, however, enhances the resistance to fatigue and does not increase the risk of adverse cardiac events, suggesting it is a safe intervention.

The incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) has been reported to increase after COVID-19 infection, and it is common in COVID-19 patients during recovery. This paper presents a summary of the latest research progress on COVID-19-induced ED and explores the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis and treatment approach based on TCM theory and clinical experience. COVID-19 infection may lead to ED through endothelial dysfunction, testicular injury, hormonal imbalance, and psychological factors. The pathogenesis of COVID-19-related ED is mainly characterized by deficiency of the body's essence and excess of pathogenic factors. In the early stage, it is dominated by deficiency of qi and yin, while in the middle stage, it is mainly due to deficiency of qi and blood stasis. In the long-term, ED is based on the imbalance of yin and yang, with liver stagnation and qi stagnation often co-existing. Clinical manifestations of ED vary, and treatment should focus on tonifying qi and nourishing yin, promoting blood circulation, regulating yin and yang, and soothing liver depression according to TCM diagnosis and treatment principles.

The paper introduces professor LIN Guo - hua 's experience in treatment with acupuncture-moxibustion at "Dayingxiang". Based on the application of Neiyingxiang (internal LI 20), professor LIN defines the entire nasal cavity and its adjacent nasopharynx as "Dayingxiang", of which, "Neiyingxiang" and "Biyandian" (nasopharynx point) are commonly stimulated with acupuncture-moxibustion. "Dayingxiang" may regulate lung qi and promote the circulation of the marrow sea in treatment of the disorders of lung system and the marrow. Fire needling with twirling or burning-scallion technique is predominated in manipulation. "Neiyingxiang" is stimulated for the shallow-located disorders, while, "Biyandian" is for the deep-located ones. These two points are optioned alternatively or in combination to enhance the therapeutic effect.

Objectives: To study the clinical features of children with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) infection and the molecular characteristics of isolated strains., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data and infection status of the children who were hospitalized in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021. A total of 1 098 non-repetitive strains of Enterobacterales were obtained. Drug sensitivity test, PCR amplification, and resistance-related gene sequencing were performed for 66 isolated CRE strains to observe molecular epidemiology., Results: Among the 1 098 strains of Enterobacterales , the detection rate of CRE was 6.01% (66/1 098). The 66 CRE strains were isolated from 66 children, among whom there were 37 boys (56%) and 29 girls (44%), with an age of 2 days to 14 years. Among these 66 children, 16 (24%) had an age of <1 month, 28 (42%) had an age of 1-12 months, 11 (17%) had an age of 12-36 months, and 11 (17%) had an age of >36 months. The children with CRE were mainly distributed in the department of neonatology (38 children, 58%) and the pediatric intensive care unit (17 children, 26%). The top three types of specimens with CRE detection were respiratory specimens (48%), midstream urine specimens (21%), and blood specimens (17%). The CRE strains were mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae (45 strains, 68%), Escherichia coli (12 strains, 18%), and Enterobacter cloacae (6 strains, 9%), with high resistance to carbapenems (such as imipenem and ertapenem), penicillin, and cephalosporins, slightly high resistance to commonly used antibiotics, and relatively low resistance to amikacin (14%), levofloxacin (23%), and tobramycin (33%). The carbapenemase genotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were mainly bla NDM (20 strains, 44%), bla IMP (10 strains, 22%), and bla KPC (5 strains, 11%), and the carbapenemase genotypes of Escherichia coli strains were mainly bla NDM (10 strains, 83%). After sequencing, there were 24 bla NDM-1 strains, 6 bla NDM-5 strains, 5 bla IMP-4 strains, and 3 bla KPC-2 strains, and some genotypes were not identified., Conclusions: There is a high incidence rate of CRE infection among children, mainly those aged 1-12 months. CRE generally has high resistance to antibacterial drugs, and metalloenzymes are the main type of carbapenemases for CRE strains in children.

The paper summarizes professor LIN Guo - hua 's clinical experience in staging treatment for post-stroke dysphagia. Professor LIN Guo - hua adheres to "essence and marrow deficiency and primary yang decline" as the pathogenesis and "conducting yin from yang " as the treating principle. By regulating the conception vessel and the governor vessel and focusing on yang meridians, in association with meridian differentiation and the location differentiation, professor LIN provides the staging treatment for post-stroke dysphagia. At the oral phase, yangming is dysfunction, manifested as facial paralysis and flaccid tongue. In treatment, reducing method is predominated at yangming meridian specially. At the pharyngeal phase, shaoyang is invaded by pathogens, manifested as pivoting dysfunction. The treatment focuses on communicating the exterior with the interior and promoting shaoyang meridian. At the esophageal phase, yangming meridian is deficiency and the turbid qi fails to descend, thus the reinforcing method is dominated to promote and tonify yangming . Additionally, the kinesiotherapy of acupuncture is assisted and the Lingnan fire needling therapy is used particularly. All of the summaries above provide the reference for the clinical treatment of post-stroke dysphagia.

To summarize ZHANG Jia-wei 's experience for treating press ulcer with fire-moxibustion. Through syndrome differentiation and examined factors, ZHANG Jia-wei believes that the disease is caused by qi deficiency and blood stasis, and advocates that the treatment should be weighed against deficiency and excess, and selection by stages. The cotton-moxibustion is used to diffusing and obstruction-removing qi and blood duingⅠstage of press ulcer. The Lingnan fire-needling is adopted for removing dampness, blood stasis and toxic substance to generate new muscles duringⅡand Ⅲ stage of press ulcer. Stage Ⅳof pressure ulcer and deep pressure ulcer should be treated with Taiyi moxa stick and aconite cake-separated moxibustion combined or alternately to expel toxin and grow muscles.

Professor LIN Guo - hua 's experience and medical record in the treatment of intractable sudden deafness with acupuncture is introduced. Professor LIN believes that this disease is mainly caused by the blockage of shaoyang meridians, and should be treated with acupuncture therapy as soon as possible. According to the root cause and the pathogenesis of shaoyang blockage, the method of "soothing shaoyang , clearing the ear and opening the orifices" is adopted. In the treatment, Tinggong (SI 19) and acupoints in shaoyang meridians are selected as the main acupoints, and other acupoints based on meridian differentiation are selected as assisting acupoints. The manipulatingmethods of " fameng acupuncture" "blowing warm air into ear", and "Lingnan fire needling" are used synthetically. And qi and spirit are also regulated and front mu points are added if necessary to obtain satisfied effect of restore hearing.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and etiology of persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS)., Methods: A 3-year-old boy was diagnosed with PMDS according to the clinical manifestations and the results of ultrasonography, laboratory examinations and earlier surgical examination. We performed genetic tests for the patient and his family members, removed the infantile uterus by laparoscopic wedge hysterectomy, biopsied and descended the bilateral testes, and ligated the bilateral internal rings, followed by a retrospective analysis and review of relevant literature., Results: The operation was successful. Gonad biopsy revealed testis tissue, and PMDS was confirmed by intraoperative findings and related examinations. Good bilateral testicular blood supply was found during the 6-month follow-up after surgery. Medical exome sequencing showed the AMHR2 gene c.1499G > A (p.Cys500Tyr) mutant homozygote (A/A) in the patient and his sister and mutant heterozygote (G/A) in his parents., Conclusions: Laparoscopy is definitely effective for the treatment of PMDS. In surgery, the infantile uterus should be removed in case of good blood supply to the testis, and so were the bilateral testes if they cannot be descended. The homozygous mutation in the AMHR2 gene c. 1499G > A (p. Cys500Tyr) can lead to male PMDS. Pedigree investigation may provide some evidence for possible fertility in PMDS patients.

Professor LIN Guo-hua 's experience is introduced in treatment of progressive muscular dystrophy with acupuncture. It is believed that the pathogenesis of this disease is related to spleen and kidney deficiency, qi and blood insufficiency and malnutrition of tendon and muscle. The treatment is determined in terms of the pathogenesis and focuses on the regulation of spleen and kidney functions. The thinking of treatment is summarized as exerting the strong stimulation of acupuncture specially at the acupoints on the head, supplementing the sea of marrow, adjusting simultaneously the three yang meridians, rather than treating particularly yangming meridian and regulating qi in priority and considering the lung function for wei (flaccid) syndrome. Moreover, in clinical treatment, the acupoint thread-embedding therapy is commonly combined to ensure the significant therapeutic effect.

Professor LIN Guo - hua 's clinical experience of acupuncture for oculomotor nerve palsy was summarized and one typical case was introduced. Professor LIN skillfully applied traditional acupuncture theory and classical acupuncture method, and proposed a diagnosis and treatment system combining meridian syndrome differentiation and specific acupuncture techniques. In addition, Professor LIN combined the yuan -primary and luo -connecting acupoints combination method, theory of "removing the stagnation of blood and qi " and theory of root-stem and origin-end, etc. into the treatment of oculomotor nerve palsy, and achieved good results.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of the main active components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma on the metabolism of tacrolimus mediated by CYP3 A4/5 enzyme, so as to predict the potential drug-drug interaction(DDI) in clinical use. First, the reversible inhibitory activities of five active components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(tanshinone Ⅰ, tanshinone Ⅱ&#95;A, cryptotanshinone, salvianolic acid B, dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ) on the metabolism of tacrolimus was investigated by using human liver microsomes(HLM) and recombinant human CYP3 A4/5 enzyme in vitro, then the dose-dependent inhibition of CYP3 A4/5 activity was calculated in HLM. Finally, the time-dependent inhibition(TDI) activities of five active components were studied in HLM through the robust single point inhibition test. In addition, a simple and rapid liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method(HPLC-MS/MS) for the determination of tacrolimus was established in this study. The results showed that dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ had a strong inhibitory effect on the metabolism of tacrolimus in both HLM and rCYP3 A4/5 enzyme systems, and the inhibitory potential IC&#95;(50) in HLM was 6.0 μmol·L~(-1), while the other four active components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma exhibited relatively weak inhibition on CYP3 A4/5 activity with inhibition rate less than 30% at 10 μmol·L~(-1). Furthermore, the TDI activity of five active components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma at 50 μmol·L~(-1) was 5.5%-15.9%. The above results suggested that clinical DDI between tacrolimus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma may occur when the active components of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma achieved a relative high concentration in human. In conclusion, this study provided a data reference for the research on drug interaction of tacrolimus and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma as well as rational drug use in clinical practice.

Yinjiao (GV 28) is generally used in treatment of lumbago and anorectal diseases. Professor LIN Guo - hua believes that Yinjiao (GV 28) is indicated in the disorders related to the sea of marrow and lower jiao by regulating the governor vessel and the conception vessel, promoting qi and blood circulation, tonifying the sea of marrow and adjusting the lower jiao . Based on professor Lin 's clinical experience, "three Yinjiao" points are innovated, named Yinjiao (GV 28, upper Yinjiao), external Yinjiao and lower Yinjiao. Acupuncture therapy is generally optioned at Yinjiao (GV 28) and 5 needling principles are emphasized, i.e. accurate acupoint location, strong needling sensation, needling combined with body movement, alternative stimulation and allied stimulation. All of those mentioned above provide a new approach to the clinical treatment for the disorders related to the sea of marrow and lower jiao .