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On the basis of the investigation on the operating conditions of the pipeline and the operating environment of the cathodic protection system，the typical pipelines and test points were selected according to the principles of universality，representativeness and pertinence，and the corrosion rate and cathodic protection degree of the pipeline were measured by the on-site coupon hanging to evaluate the cathodic protection effect.Results showed that the corrosion rate of the pipeline was significantly lower than 0.01 mm/a and the protection degree was above 85%after applying cathodic protection in accordance with the minimum protection potential and cathode potential negative offset criteria specified in GB/T 21448-2017.The overall cathodic protection effect was good.For pipelines with high resistivity to soil，100 mV cathode potential negative offset criterion was recommended.In the actual operation process of pipeline cathodic protection，soil microorganism amount and types，stray current and the maximum protection potential needed to be heavily monitored for timely adjustment of the cathodic protection potential of the pipeline for the purpose of avoiding relatively serious uniform corrosion，local corrosion，hydrogen damage and unnecessary waste of resources.

Objective: To monitor and control mold spores contamination effectively in food (beverage) processing workshops. Methods: The mold spores are enriched and classified by microfluidic chip, and the air aerosol was collected in 2~10 micron channel and prepared on film. Finally, spore images were taken by camera and electron microscope, and spores were detected, distinguished and counted by Canny algorithm. Results: Compared with the traditional falling plate method, the detection device designed in this paper could detect 103 cell/mL mold spores sprayed in the air within 20 minutes. Conclusion: Using airborne UAV to detect mold pollution in food (beverage) processing workshop in the air is simple and feasible.

Traditional data mining methods are difficult to deal with the high dimensionality and dynamics characteristic of the time series. Therefore, in this study, a similarity dynamical clustering algorithm based on multidimensional shape features for time series (SDCTS) was proposed. First, the feature points of multidimensional time series are extracted to realize dimensionality reduction. Second, a new similarity measure criterion is defined with the shape features (slope, length, and amplitude) of the obtained multidimensional time series, and thus a dynamical clustering algorithm of multidimensional time series is proposed without predefining clustering numbers. The experimental results demonstrate that the SDCTS algorithm improves the clustering accuracy for time series compared with other algorithms.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of CAD/CAM zirconia and IPS e.max Press in all-ceramic fixed partial dentures in anterior or premolar area.Methods Patients aged 20~60 years old with the lack of the anterior teeth or the first permanent molars and with 3 unit fixed bridge repair were selected. They were randomly divided into CAD/CAM zirconia and IPS e.max Press groups. 3, 6, 12 months after the restoration resoectively, clinical observation of occurrence of falling off, fracture, fracture porcelain, the edge of the restoration body and the gum performance were evaluated by the Reference to the American Public Health Association’s revised criteria. All the data were analyzed statistically.Results With the extension of time, the success rate of the two kinds of all ceramic materials was decreased. The survival rates of two groups were all 90% above and there was no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion CAD/CAM zirconia and IPS e.max Press all-ceramic systems can achieve good results under the premise of strict control of clinical indications.

【Objective】 Southern Xinjiang has limited freshwater but relatively abundant saline groundwater. To optimize the use of these water resources, we investigate the effect of alternate brackish and freshwater drip irrigation with film mulching on soil water and salt movement, as well as seed yield of cotton. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted at the Xinjiang Alar Modern Agricultural Comprehensive Experimental Station. It compared nine combinations of brackish and freshwater drip irrigation. In each treatment, we measured the spatiotemporal changes in soil water and salt, as well as growth, and seed yield of the cotton. 【Result】 During the growth period of the cotton, soil water and salt increased with increased use of brackish water. When the amount of brackish water used for irrigation was the same, continuous use of freshwater irrigation in the early growth stage of the cotton was effective to reduce salt content in the root zone. Increasing the use of brackish water in irrigation inhibited crop growth. Moderate use of brackish water in the flowering and boll development stages can promote reproductive growth, however, excessive use would significantly reduce the weight of single bolls. Appropriately alternating brackish and freshwater irrigation not only ensures vegetative growth in the early stages but also promotes reproductive growth during flowering and boll development stage of the cotton. 【Conclusion】 In Southern Xinjiang, alternating brackish and freshwater in drip irrigation with film mulching should keep the brackish water ratio below a specific threshold. Its usage should be minimized during the seedling, budding, and early flowering stages, but can be increased during the flowering and boll development stages. In this experiment, the optimal irrigation sequence was freshwater-freshwater-brackish water.

To study the compressive mechanical properties and failure mechanism of satin woven composites with void defects， the longitudinal compression experiments on C/C-SiC satin woven composites with void defects were conducted. The microscopic strength prediction model of satin woven composites with void defects was established by introducing random pores through the explosive fragment algorithm based on the discrete element method. Based on this model， the progressive failure process of the mesoscopic model under meridional compression load was simulated， revealing the influence of pores on the damage process. The progressive damage process and failure mechanism prediction model are verified by experimental data. The results show that the main failure modes of the material under warp compression load are shear failure and delamination failure， manifesting in three forms： interlaminar local matrix cracking and associated， delamination between the matrix and the warp， complete or partial fracture along the warp and weft debonding and matrix separation， weft cracking. At the same time， the numerical simulation results are basically the same as the experimental values， which verifies the validity of the model of C/C-SiC satin woven composites with void defects， and provides an effective method for the study of mechanical properties of two-dimensional woven composites.

High Mach flight has put forward more stringent requirements for the material and structure design of new generation of high-speed vehicles. This paper reviews the application of ceramic matrix composites（CMCs） in the structural design of aircraft from the aspects of selection，application，and evaluation，and then the future development direction is put forward to provide reference for aircraft ceramic matrix composite structure design. The selection criteria and corresponding preparation methods of CMCs in different application scenarios are comprehensively reviewed，the typical applications of CMCs in aircraft structures are systematically introduced，and the evaluation criteria and ground test methods of the materials under near-service conditions are analyzed. To order to meet the future demands of aircraft，it is necessary to integrate computer-aided optimization technology and innovative preparation methods to enhance the temperature resistance and fatigue performance of CMCs. Developing highly reliable，long-life joining techniques and integrated design solutions will fully leverage the advantages of these materials. Additionally，in-situ characterization techniques under multi-physical field coupling need to be developed to obtain the performance evolution behaviour of CMCs in actual use，providing a reliable basis for the lightweight structural design of aircraft.

In order to clarify the microstructure of Al-Mg-Sc high-strength aluminum alloy prepared by ultra-high speed laser melting deposition，and study the relationship between structure and properties，Al-Mg-Sc high-strength aluminum alloy was prepared by using 7075 aluminum alloy as matrix and self-developed equipment（LDF3000-40 laser melting deposition machine）. The effect of laser scanning rate on the microstructure and tensile properties of the materials was investigated. The results show that there are no obvious defects such as pores and cracks in the samples deposited by ultra-high speed laser melting，but contain a few small keyholes. The samples are composed of fine α-Al equiaxial crystals and dispersed Al3（Sc，Zr）particles. The effect of scanning rate on mechanical properties is further studied by numerical simulation. It is found that the faster scanning rate of laser in the range of 0.1-1 m/s can reduce the accumulation of powder materials and porosity of the surface of the deposition layer，thus the mechanical properties can be improved. The maximum tensile strength is 303 MPa and elongation at break is 22.5%.

In order to study the dynamic evolution law of the pressure relief gas reservoir in the mining of extra-thick coal seams, the 3DEC numerical simulation software was used to analyze the stress and displacement distribution law of the overburden rock caused by mining, and the evolution characteristics of the pressure relief gas reservoir were studied, and the pressure relief gas was proposed. The method of discriminating the location of the reservoir area, and the practice of gas drainage in high-position boreholes at the test working face. The results show that: after the extra-thick coal seam is mined, the height of the overburden caving zone is 49.5 m, and the height of the fracture zone is 104 m. After the key strata in the pressure relief zone on the working face side loses stability, a pressure relief gas reservoir is formed below it. Pressure relief gas reservoir areas are divided into three categories: ①The key layer is in the bent subsidence zone, and the high-level reservoir is formed below it; ②The key layer is in the fracture zone, and the middle-level reservoir is formed under the masonry beam; ③The key layer is in the fracture zone. In the collapse zone, a low-level storage area is formed under the cantilever beam. The shape and area of ​​the reservoir are closely related to the state of the control key layer above. Before the control key layer is broken, the area continues to increase. The shape of the low-level reservoir is rectangular, and the shape of the middle and high-level reservoir is semi-elliptical, expanding to a three-dimensional shape. It is a rectangular cross-section ring body and an elliptical cross-section semi-ellipsoid body; the area decreases rapidly after breaking, and then changes periodically with the pressure of the overlying rock. The low-level reservoir is trapezoidal, the middle-level reservoir is triangular, and the high-level reservoir is shaped like a trapezoid. The shape is a semi-ellipse, and the three-dimensional shape is expanded to a rectangular cross-section ring, a triangular cross-section ring and an elliptical cross-section semi-ellipsoid. The location of the final hole of the high-level borehole was arranged in the range of the middle reservoir area, and the drainage verification was carried out. The maximum drainage concentration of a single hole was 34.5%, the average drainage concentration was 16.8%, and the upper corner gas concentration after drainage was 0.55%, The gas drainage effect is good, indicating that the arrangement of high-level drilling holes according to this method is reasonable.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of operation video uploading in improving the skill training of nurses. Methods All the in-service nurses (n =25) in emergency intensive care unit (EICU) from January to June 2020 were selected as observation group, and all the in-service nurses (n =24) from July to December 2019 were selected as control group. All nurses received 3 months of skill training, and the control group was given regular training, while the observation group was given operation video uploading based on regular training. The performance of nurses' skill training (theory and operation) was compared between the two groups before and after training, and the subjective feelings of training methods were evaluated after training. The scores of Comprehensive Inventory of Core Competency for Critical Care Nurse (CICC) before and 3 months after the training were evaluated. Results After training, the performance scores in the two groups were significantly higher than those before training, and the scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (al P <0. 05). The scores of acceptability, convenience and efficiency in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (a P < 0. 05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the normalization score between the two groups (P > 0. 05). After 3 months of training, the CICC scores in the two groups were significantly higher than those before training, and the increase in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (al P < 0. 05). Conclusion Operation video uploading is beneficial to improve the effects of EICU nurses' skill training, and it has certain clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the comprehensive analysis and application capabilities of tobacco silk processing, production quality and other data, a set of electric energy data collection and analysis system for high data throughput in the silk workshop was designed. The system realized the aggregation and interaction of heterogeneous data based on the protocol gateway and Cassandra data warehouse. It implemented task creation, management and abnormal analysis through adopting Spring Batch processing technology and a stream and aspect-oriented task management. The task real-time scheduling was implemented with Quarzt and the peak elimination of the collection was achieved with RabbitMQ message middleware. The message could be efficiently shown to users by MQTT protocol and Vue front-end technology. Finally, the system could realize the whole process function from data scheduling, storage, analysis to presentation. The test results showed that the system had small access delay, strong carrying capacity and stability, and could meet the power data analysis needs of tobacco companies' silk workshops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the new respect of urban energy and land factor allocation structure constraint, we explored the win-win path of high-quality economic development and environmental protection. To be more specific, taking 280 cities in China from 2004 to 2017 as samples, we measured urban green total factor productivity ( GTFP) based on the SBM-Luenberger production function method. Furthermore, we analyzed the sources, dynamic characteristics, and internal driving factors of the growth of GTFP and found that: (1) The growth of GTFP experienced three stages during 2014 -2017: the positive growth stage (2004-2008), the negative growth stage (2009-2015) and the positive growth stage again (after 2016). The growth of GTFP mainly came from its scale effect. (2) In the spatial-dynamic change, the spatial HH region (high-growth level) of GTFP in the initial stage was concentrated in the western region, while the LL region (low-growth level) of the GTFP was in Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Heilongjiang, and other eastern regions. With the time passing by, the HH region had been expanding from the western region to the central region and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. However, the LL region of the eastern coastal region was narrowing. (3) Among the driving factors, the negative effect of urban energy structure was related to a low proportion of new energy power supply. The negative effect of land supply structure indicated a 'race-to-the-bottom' effect in urban development. The advanced process of industrial structure was good for the growth of GTFP but negative with the local environment. In addition, the stronger the urban resource agglomeration effect was, the higher the growth speed of GTFP was. Therefore, we should give full play to the scale effect of urban agglomeration and improve the intensive efficiency of urban energy and land resources, and finally enhance the urban high-quality economic development relying on the improvement of economic efficiency, resource efficiency, and environmental efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of different bonding procedure and different root region on the bond strength of fiber posts to root canal. METHODS: Forty -two extracted intact human maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated with post spaces be prepared and divided into 6 groups randomly. The fiber posts were then luted with the following different bonding procedures. Group I : total etch dentin bonding agent Luxabond + self-adhesive system Rely X™ Unicem; Group I : total etch dentin bonding agent Luxabond + dual-cure rein cement Luxacore; Group HI: self etch dentin bonding agent Contax + self -adhesive system Rely X ™ Unicem; Group IV :self etch dentin bonding agent Contax + dual-cure rein cement Luxacore; Group V: self-adhesive system Rely X ™ Unicem; Group VI:dual-cure rein cement Luxacore. After dowel cementation, thin-slice push-out test was performed. The bonding interface and dentin surface were examined under scanning electron microscope. The data was statistically analyzed using SPSS13.0 software package. RESULTS: The results showed that different bonding procedures had significant different impacts on the bond strength (P<0.05). Group I and Group IH had significantly higher bond strength compared with other groups. Resin tags of dentin bonding interface were observed in Group I and Group II and intimate adaptations of resin cement with the substrate were revealed. CONCLUSIONS: Coupled with total etch or self etch dentin bonding agent, self- adhesive system Rely X™ Unicem can improve the bonding strength of fiber posts obviously. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Committee of Xuhui District (SHXH201130). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the generalized Hamilton principle, the mathematical model of a strip-roller-flexible-supporting hybrid system in coating section of a continuous hot-dip galvanizing line is established. Normal mode theory is used to obtain the eigenvalue problems of the system after linearizing the equations of motion. Taking a galvanizing line for example, numerical solution is used to demonstrate the effects of the sectional area of strip steel and the initial tension on eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the system, the loci veering and mode localization phenomena, coupled vibration characteristics of the system, coupling function of each subsystem of the system and the relationship between characteristics of subsystem and the ones of the hybrid system with flexible supports. It is found that the subsystem of strip dominates the dynamic behavior of the hybrid system, but rotational subsystem and the flexible supports have remarkable influences on the hybrid system only within their respective resonance regions. Strong coupling exists between subsystems nearby the loci veering points and it still remains relatively strong between two adjacent loci veering points or far from a loci veering point. Hereby, subsystem modification or adjustment of operation parameters of the system can furthest alter the performance of the whole system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To study the variety of mechanical behavior of fixed bridge after abutments being intruded by micro screw implant and to provide theoretical principles for clinical practice of teeth preparation after intrusion of abutments under dynamic loads. METHODS: Two-dimensional images of maxilla, teeth and supporting tissues of healthy people were scanned by spiral CT and were synthesized by Mimics 10.01, Ansys 13.0, etc. The three-dimensional finite element mathematical model of rigid fixed bridge repairing on double end of maxillary molar was developed. Under the condition of 10% simulative abutment alveolar absorption, vertical and oblique dynamic forces were applied in a circle of mastication (0.875 s) to build mathematical model after the abutment had been intruded for 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm. Stress variety of prosthesis, teeth, periodontal ligaments and supporting tissues were compared before and after intrusion of abutments. RESULTS: Stress variety of the prosthesis occurred, which had close relationship with the structure of prosthesis and teeth, the areas of periodontal ligaments increased, stress on the whole decreased along with the increase of the length of intrusion. With time accumulating, the stress value in prosthesis, teeth, periodontal ligaments and supporting tissues increased gradually and loads in oblique direction induced peak value stress in a masticatory cycle. Some residual stress left after unloading. CONCLUSIONS: By preparing the fixed bridge after abutment intrusion by micro screw implant, the service life of abutment and fixed bridge prosthesis can be reduced. The abutment and its related tissue have time-dependent mechanical behaviors during one mastication. The influence of oblique force on stress was greater than vertical force. There is some residual stress left after one mastication period. With the increase of the intrusion on abutment, residual stress reduced. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Plan Project from Bureau of Health, Shanghai Municipality (2009258). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the methods of space-time substitution and PVC tube closed-top in situ incubation, this paper studied the soil mineralized-N content, N mineralization rate, and N uptake rate in Phyllostachys edulis-broadleaf mixed forest (PBMF) formed by P. edulis expansion and its adjacent evergreen broadleaf forest (EBF) in Dagangshan Mountain of Jiangxi Province, China. There existed the same spatiotemporal variation trend of soil total mineralized-N (TMN) content between the two forests. The annual average N mineralization rate was slightly lower in PBMF than in EBF. In PBMF, soil N mineralization was dominated by ammonification; while in EBF, soil ammonification and nitrification were well-matched in rate, and soil nitrification was dominated in growth season (from April to October). The N uptake by the plants in PBMF and EBF in a year was mainly in the form of NH4+ -N, but that in EBF in growth season was mainly in the form of NO3--N. These findings indicated that the expansion of P. edulis into EBF could promote the ammonification of soil N, weakened soil nitrification and total N mineralization, and also, increased the NH4+-N uptake but decreased the NO3--N and TMN uptake by the plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 200 diseased plants having shown typical Verticillium wilt symptoms were collected from Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. 120 strains obtained by tissue isolation technics were identified. On PDA, the colonies showed black, white or gray white. The vegetative mycelium was hyaline and septate. Conidia were o-void or ellipsoid and single - celled. They were borne on phialides, which were produced in a whorl around each conidiophore. Most of these isolates produced black microsclerotia. Genomic DNA was extracted and used as a template for amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA with primer pair ITS1/ITS4. All of the 120 strains were identified as Verticiilium dahliae Kleb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence and current status of caries about the first permanent molars of students in elementary schools in Xuhui District of Shanghai Municipality in order to provide evidence for prevention and treatment strategies of caries. METHODS: Random cluster samples of 5698 students aged from 7 to 12 years old were examined with regard to caries epidemic status of the first permanent molars. The results were analyzed by SPASS13.0 software package. RESULTS: The caries prevalent rate of the first permanent molars was 16.18%. The mean DMFT of the caries patients was 1.80. The females' mean caries prevalent rate and DMbq' of the first permanent molars were both significantly higher than males'. The caries rate increased rapidly with aging from 7 to 12 (P<0.01). The overall filling rate of the first permanent molars was 56.04% .The prevalence of the first permanent molars in the mandible was significantly higher than that in the maxilla (P<0.01). The caries rate of students, who brushed teeth twice a day or more, was significantly lower than those who brushed teeth once a day or less. CONCLUSIONS: The caries prevalence of the first permanent molars in students of 7 to 12 years old in elementary schools in Xuhui District of Shanghai municipality was less optimistic. Some concrete measures should be taken to prevent and treat caries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of IPS e.max Press crowns. METHODS: A total of 127 IPS e.max Press crowns was placed in forty-one patients from 2007 to 2009. The crowns were evaluated with a modified USPHS criteria for color match, marginal discoloration, fracture, secondary caries, marginal adaptation and gingival health for a period of 12 to 42 months, with a mean of 28 months after insertion. A,B,C and D ratings were assigned. RESULTS: 94.49% of the crowns were rated as A and 5.51% rated as B for color match and marginal adaptation. 1.57% of the crowns was detected with marginal discoloration and one crown (0.79%) was detected with veneer chipping. No secondary caries was detected, and 93.70% of the crowns were rated as A, 4.72% rated as B and 1.58% rated as C for gingival health. CONCLUSION: IPS e.max Press crowns exhibit excellent clinical performance over a mean evaluation period of 28 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To compare the prosthetic outcome of screw- and cement-retained implant-supported restorations of the fixed bridges. METHODS: A total of 185 Straumann implants were placed in the alveolar bone of 68 partially edentulous patients from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2007. All of them were 2 to 6 units of combination crowns with Straumann system. Then they were followed up for 3 years. In each group, the retention, influence on hard and soft tissues, passive fitting and rupture strength of the ceramic layer were evaluated. The data was analyzed with SPSS 12.0 software package. RESULTS: There were more advantages of retention and the rupture strength of the ceramic layer in the cement-retained group, while there was less influence on the hard and soft tissues, and more facility of maintenance and reparation in the screwed-retained group. The difference between the two groups was statistically not significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical outcomes of implant restorations are satisfactory, either screw-retained or cement-retained. Cement retention is used in 2 to 3 unit combination crowns, while screw retention is more suitable for complicated cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PCR-DGGE method was adopted to study the effects of inoculating exogenous microbial agent on the bacterial community diversity in the process of fresh pig manure high-temperature aerobic composting. Exogenous microbial agent inoculation promoted the composting process, with the high-temperature period being advanced by 2 days than that of non-inoculation. DGGE pattern analysis showed that during composting, the dominant bacteria changed significantly, with the Shannon-Wiener index of bacterial community at different composting periods varied obviously. The sequencing of DGGE-distinguished bands showed that Clostridium stercorarium subsp. thermolacticum sp. was the dominant group in the whole composting process. Uncultured bacteria Bacillus coagulans sp. and Clostridium thermocellum sp. became the main groups on the 10th and 16th day after microbial agent inoculation, while uncultured Firmicutes sp. and delta proteobacterium became the dominant groups on the 5th and 16th days in the treatment non-inoculation, respectively. Un-dominant group Ureibacillus thermosphaericu sp. and uncultured Silvimonas sp. appeared in the late period of well rotted composting, while uncultured soil bacteria mainly appeared in the initial and high-temperature periods. UPGMC cluster analysis showed that exogenous microbial agent inoculation obviously affected the bacterial community structure in different composting periods, and the main component analysis of DGGE patterns in composting process showed that the bacterial community was mainly affected by the exogenous microbial agent inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure with Straumann implants without bone grafting through observing the implant survival rate and the change of bone around the implant, and explored new bone formation and stability when the implants protruding in the sinus less than 3mm. METHODS: 23 patients with single upper maxillary molar lost were included in this study. The mean residual bone height (RBH) under the maxillary sinus was 5-8 mm and the distance of the implants protruding into the sinus was less than 3mm without bone grafting. A healing period of 3-4 months was allowed before abutment tightening at 35 N.cm. All the patients were followed up for 2 years to evaluate the implant survival rate. X-ray measurements (immediately after implant placement, after 3,6,12,24 months postoperatively) were performed to calculate the length of the implant protruding into the sinus and if the new bone formed near it. RESULTS: At the end of 2-year, the implant survival rate was 100% and the implants resisted the applied 35 N·cm torque and supported the definitive prosthesis well. The mesial and the distal sides of the implants protruding into the sinus had new bone formation. No hard tissue could be seen around the apical implant 3 months after inserting and the boundary between the new bone and the original sinus floor could not be seen 2 years after surgery. CONCLUSION: Elevation of the sinus membrane alone without addition of bone grafting could have the similar effect to the OSFE with bone grafting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The welding joints of WC 30Co/45 steel were studied by using Ni-Fe-C alloys as filler metal The plate model and tube model for analyzing the interracial diffusion were proposed and the plate model was adopted to test the diffusion. The results show that ➀ Microstructures manifest that the welding joints of WC-30Co/45 steel using Ni-Fe-C alloys as filler metal is obtained. Interfacial diffusion is observed at the interface between WC 30Co/Weld, under the impact of the mechanical power for atom at interface, which causes metallurgical bonding between WC-30Co/45 steel heteroepitaxy. ➁ The difficulty for calculation of diffusion coefficient is solved by means of polynomial curve and Matlab software, which is a feasible data processing method. ➂ Plate model is valid to describe the diffusion behavior and the power diffusion ability (in particular for Fe) is one of the most important causes for η phase formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of unbiased cross-domain object detection is to utilize the knowledge of the source domain to the maximum extent through knowledge distillation, and reduce the cross-domain gap of the model through domain adaptation. However, the pseudo labels generated by the mean teacher method commonly used for unbiased cross-domain object detection are not reliable, resulting in significant domain bias issues between teacher and student models. Therefore, inspired by the invariance of phase information in Fourier transform, this paper proposes the Fourier augmentation unbiased mean teacher (FAUMT) model based on the mean teacher. This paper utilizes the invariance of Fourier phase information to design an amplitude mixing data augmentation (AMDA) module, which can effectively mix phase information between the source and target domains to achieve data augmentation. And data augmentation will generate additional noise, thus this paper designs two consistency losses to ensure the consistency of predictions before and after data augmentation. In addition, to balance the cross-domain bias between the source and target domains during model training, this paper also designs a multi-layer adversarial learning (MAL) module, with the aim of domain alignment of pixel level features at different levels. On three benchmark datasets Cilpart1K, Watercolor2K and Comic2K, the mAP of proposed method achieves 47.5%, 58.9% and 46.1%, respectively, outperforming other algorithms.

[Objective] The “3060” dual carbon target introduces new requirements for the low-carbon development of China’s coal-fired power industry. With decreasing carbon quota limits, the focus on low-carbon transformation in this industry has increased among industry and academia. The carbon trading mechanism directs coal-fired power enterprises to reduce emissions and innovate through policy constraints. By enhancing energy efficiency and reducing emissions, it is vital in driving coal-fired power enterprises toward a low-carbon model. However, the micro-level driving mechanism of this transformation process remains underexplored [Methods] This study uses a sample of 2628 coal-fired power enterprises in China from 2022, employing reinforcement learning theory and multi-agent models. Through the Netlogo platform, it simulates and analyzes the interactive and collaborative effects between the carbon market, government, and coal-fired power enterprises with varying carbon reduction tendencies under the carbon trading mechanism. [Results] The research reveals that: (1) The carbon trading mechanism effectively promotes technological carbon reduction in coal-fired power enterprises, achieving both environmental and economic benefits, with significant impacts expected from 2032 onwards. (2) The carbon reduction tendency of these enterprises is influenced by the degree of carbon trading implementation. Before reaching the carbon peak target by 2030, these enterprises did not actively employ carbon reduction technologies as anticipated. (3) A reasonable carbon trading price effectively encourages investment in technology application. Higher carbon prices stimulate greater carbon reduction efforts and increase market activity. The carbon price growth is most significant from 2022 to 2030 and continues to rise steadily from 2032 to 2060. [Conclusion] China’s coal-fired power industry faces challenges in achieving low-carbon transformation. Accelerating the construction of carbon trading market mechanisms, strengthening carbon asset management, improving carbon reduction incentives, and optimizing carbon quota pricing mechanisms are essential for promoting technological emission reduction and the high-quality development of China’s coal-fired power industry.

Objective To evaluate virtual simulated diagnosis and treatment combined with PBL teaching model in resident planning. Methods From 2017-2019,78 doctors from Gulou Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University were randomly divided into control group (traditional teaching mode) and experimental group (virtual simulation diagnosis and treatment combined with PBL mode). Results The theoretical scores and OSCE scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusions The virtual plus simulated training model of diagnosis and treatment combined with the PBL model is better than the traditional teaching model.

Lectin receptor-like kinase(LecRLK) is a class of phytokinase with lectin conserved domain, which plays an important role in plant resistance to biological and abiotic stresses, as well as plant growth and development. Cannabis sativa is an important multi-purpose plant, widely used in food, textile, medicine, and other fields. Genome-wide screening and expression analysis of the LecRLK family of C. sativa were performed in this paper, so as to provide scientific reference for functional analysis of the LecRLK family of C. sativa. Based on BLAST and HMM methods, 93 LecRLKs were identified in the whole genome of C. sativa, including 69 G types, 23 L types, and one C types. Subsequently, a series of bioinformatics analyses were performed on the LecRLK family members, and the physicochemical properties of the protein of the LecRLK family members were initially revealed. The prediction of cis-acting elements of promoters in family members showed that family members were regulated by hormones and stress response. The expression analysis showed that some family members were highly expressed in the roots, which may participate in the process of stress resistance. Several members were highly expressed in female flowers and may be involved in female flower development. This study provides a theoretical basis for further study of LecRLK gene function. Meanwhile, the expression analysis screens candidate LecRLK members who may participate in the resistance of C. sativa, which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent selection of C. sativa varieties against resistance.

Natural enzymes are often difficult to meet the needs of application and research in terms of activity, enantiomer selectivity or thermal stability. Therefore, it is an important task of enzyme engineering to explore efficient molecular modification technologies to improve the properties of such enzymes. The molecular modification technologies of enzymes mainly include rational design, directed evolution, and artificial intelligence-assisted design. Directed evolution and rational design are experiment-driven molecular modification approaches of enzymes and have been successfully applied to enzyme engineering. However, due to the huge space sizes of protein sequences and the lack of experimental data, the current modification methods still face major challenges. With the development of next-generation sequencing, high-throughput screening, protein databases, and artificial intelligence (AI), data-driven enzyme engineering is emerging as a promising solution to these challenges. The AI-assisted statistical learning method has been used to establish a model for predicting the sequence/structure-properties of enzymes in a data-driven manner. Excellent mutant enzymes can be selected according to the prediction results, which greatly improve the efficiency of molecular modification. Considering the application requirements of molecular modification of enzymes, this paper reviews the data acquisition methods and application examples of AI-assisted molecular modification of enzymes, with focuses on the convolutional neural network method for predicting protein thermostability, aiming to provide reference for researchers in this field.

Soil acidification and low SOC are the main limiting factors in acidic paddy soils. Straw returning with lime is an effective measure to alleviate soil acidification and improve soil fertility; however, its interaction effects on SOC and carbon pool management are still unclear. To investigate the impact of straw returning with lime on the organic carbon pool of acidic paddy soil, field experiments were conducted on acidic paddy soil in Baiyun District and Huiyang District of Guangdong Province. The changes in soil total organic carbon (TOC), water-soluble organic carbon (DOC), active organic carbon (LOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), carbon pool index (CPI), stable organic carbon (IOC), carbon pool activity ( L ), carbon pool activity index (CPAI), and carbon pool management index (CPMI) were analyzed under three treatments (CK, conventional fertilization; RS, straw returning+conventional fertilization; RS+L straw returning with lime+conventional fertilization). The results demonstrated that compared with that in CK, the TOC, LOC, POC, and MBC in the RS+L treatment were significantly increased by 10.24%-17.79%, 34.49%-44.37%, 19.27%-23.59%, and 33.36%-43.26%, respectively ( P <0.05). Compared with that in CK, the RS+L treatment significantly increased the DOC content during the early growth stage (15-45 days after transplanting) of rice ( P <0.05) but had no significant influence on the DOC content during the late growth stage of rice. Compared with that in RS, the TOC, LOC, POC, and MBC in the RS+L treatment were increased by 2.15%-6.95%, 1.17%-17.90%, 4.27%-8.65%, and 12.99%-14.53%, respectively. Compared with that in CK, the RS+L treatment significantly increased IOC and CPI by 8.32%-15.57% and 14.00%-20.00%, respectively ( P <0.05). Compared with that in the CK treatment, the RS treatment significantly increased CPI by 14.00%-18.00% ( P <0.05). No significant differences in L , CPAI, or CPMI were detected among the different treatments. The soil pH in the RS+L treatment was significantly higher than that in the CK treatment ( P <0.05). No significant differences in rice yield were detected among the different treatments. Principal component analysis demonstrated that rice yield was primarily correlated with DOC, LOC, CPAI, and CPMI but its contribution to SOC and carbon pool management index was low. Principal component analysis also indicated that straw returning with lime could improve soil pH and nutrient contents of acidic paddy soil, driving the formation and accumulation of organic carbon fraction such as MBC and POC, thus boosting the increase in SOC. In conclusion, straw returning with lime is beneficial to the accumulation of MBC, POC, LOC, and IOC in acidic paddy soil to improve the content and stability of soil total organic carbon, which is an effective way to improve the carbon sequestration of acidic paddy soil.

Rice straw is an important organic fertilizer in the region for double-cropping rice in South China. To reveal the effects of early rice returning with reducing potassium fertilizer on the yield of late rice and soil fertility, field experiments were carried out in Baiyun and Huiyang district in Guangdong province. The biomass, K content, and yield of late rice and the soil fertility properties, such as soil available potassium, soil organic carbon, bacterial diversity, and bacterial community structure were analyzed under three treatments (CK, conventional fertilization; RS, straw returning with conventional fertilization; RS-K, straw returning with reducing 20% potassium fertilizer). The results showed no significant differences in the biomass and yield of late rice between the RS-K treatment and CK treatment. Compared with that in CK, the RS treatment significantly increased the K contents of rice by 3.97% (Baiyun) and 6.91% (Huiyang). The K contents of late rice under the RS-K treatment were significantly lower than that under the CK treatment during the early growth period in rice, but there was no significant difference between them during the late growth period. Compared with that in CK, the soil available K in the RS treatment increased by 13.90% (Baiyun) and 21.67% (Huiyang) ( P <0.05), and the soil available K in the RS-K treatment also increased by 3.56% (Baiyun) and 4.23% (Huiyang). Compared with that in the CK treatment, the soil dissolved organic carbon increased significantly in the RS and RS-K treatments ( P <0.05). Compared with that in CK, the straw returning treatments (RS and RS-K) significantly improved the Chao1 and Shannon indexes of soil bacteria ( P <0.05). Straw returning treatments (RS and RS-K) increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Nitrospirae compared with that in CK, whereas they decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. Redundancy analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was mainly influenced by soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, available P, and available K. In summary, early rice returning could increase soil available K and K content in late rice. Early rice straw returning with reducing potassium fertilizer had no negative impacts on the growth and yield of late rice and could also improve soil organic carbon and the diversity of soil bacteria. Therefore, early rice straw returning with reducing potassium fertilizer can guarantee the grain yield of late rice and improve soil fertility.

Objective: To identify the key genes and explore mechanisms in the development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by bioinformatics analysis., Methods: Two cohorts profile datasets of MDS were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) was screened by GEO2R, functional annotation of DEG was gained from GO database, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and key genes were screened by Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) based on STRING database., Results: There were 112 DEGs identified, including 85 up-regulated genes and 27 down-regulated genes. GO enrichment analysis showed that biological processes were mainly enriched in immune response, etc, cellular component in cell membrane, etc, and molecular function in protein binding, etc. KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that main gene enrichment pathways were primary immunodeficiency, hematopoietic cell lineage, B cell receptor signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and asthma. Three significant modules were screened by Cytoscape software MCODE plug-in, while 10 key node genes (CD19, CD79A, CD79B, EBF1, VPREB1, IRF4, BLNK, RAG1, POU2AF1, IRF8) in protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were screened based on STRING database., Conclusion: These screened key genes and signaling pathways are helpful to better understand molecular mechanism of MDS, and provide theoretical basis for clinical targeted therapy.

Objective: To understand the level of job satisfaction and work engagement of physicians in public hospitals, to analyze the interaction between job satisfaction and work engagement, and to discuss how each dimension of job satisfaction affects work engagement so as to provide information and reference for improving the level of work engagement of physicians in public hospitals., Methods: Covering 6 public hospitals in Sichuan (3 tertiary-level hospitals and 3 secondary-level hospitals), 638 questionnaires were obtained from physicians through convenient sampling for data description and analysis. Pearson correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between job satisfaction and work engagement, and multiple linear stepwise regression method was used to analyze work engagement and the influencing factors of each dimension., Results: With regard to job satisfaction, physicians showed high levels of satisfaction in personal safety (3.77±0.87), leadership identification and support (3.59±0.77), and job pressure (3.51±0.81). The mean points of work engagement and each dimension were as follows: total mean points of work engagement (4.02±0.99), dedication (4.21±1.13), absorption (4.19±1.08) and vigor (3.63±1.04). In job satisfaction, salary and benefits, work environment, social recognition, organizational management, leadership identification and support are positively correlated to work engagement and all dimensions. In job satisfaction, 5 dimensions, including social recognition, leadership recognition and support, work achievement, personal safety and organizational management, had a significant influence on work engagement and all dimensions., Conclusion: Emphasis on the high-level needs for recognition and self-actualization of doctors, doctor-patient communication, and personal development of doctors may improve doctors' job satisfaction and work engagement., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

To comprehend the runoff load of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and the impact on the receiving river in an agricultural area with an intensive orchard plantation and a longitudinal ridge and furrow morphology in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the runoff and N and P concentrations were dynamically monitored in a typical citrus orchard catchment in Wanzhou Country, Chongqing, China. The results showed that the nutrient concentration in runoff water from the intensive citrus planting catchment was very high. The average annual event mean concentrations (EMC) were 9.31 mg·L -1 for total nitrogen (TN), 8.11 mg·L -1 for dissolved nitrogen (DN), 5.66 mg·L -1 for nitrate nitrogen (NN), 0.51 mg·L -1 for ammonium nitrogen (AN), 0.87 mg·L -1 for total phosphorus, 0.56 mg·L -1 for solved phosphorus (DP), and 0.32 mg·L -1 for particulate phosphorus (DP). In addition, the annual loss loads were 13.43, 12.20, 8.77, 0.75, 1.26, 0.84, and 0.42 kg·(hm 2 ·a) -1 for TN, DN, NN, AN, TP, DP, and PP, respectively. The annual average concentrations of TN and TP were 8.49 mg·L -1 and 0.87 mg·L -1 , respectively, which exceeded the category V values of the surface water quality standards (GB3838-2002) by 4.25 times and 2.2 times, respectively, and also exceeded the internationally recognized thresholds for the eutrophication of waterbodies. The TN and TP loss load from storm runoff was one of the main reasons for the degradation of the river water quality, thus suggesting the need to treat surface runoff and control runoff nutrient losses, especially during the first storm events after fertilization. During two typical long-duration springtime rainfall events after fertilization, the loads of nitrate nitrogen (NN) and dissolved phosphorus (DP) were 4.94 kg·hm -2 and 0.28 kg·hm -2 , respectively, which accounted for 92.90% and 64.69% of the total annual TN and TP loss loads, respectively. The loads of NN and DP in a short-duration high-intensity rainfall event were 0.52 and 0.05 kg·hm -2 respectively, which accounted for 65.92% and 74.88% of the total annual TN and TP loss loads, respectively. The DN and DP were the main forms of nitrogen and phosphorus losses from the intensive citrus orchard with a longitudinal ridge and furrow morphology. Meanwhile, the catchment showed a significant first-flush phenomenon during a typical rainfall event, with a total of 58.0%, 57.0%, 58.5%, 79.0%, 62.0%, 63.5%, and 60.0% of the mass of TN, DN, NN, AN, TP, DP, and PP in the initial 20% of the runoff, respectively. Hence, controlling the surface runoff at the early runoff stage plays an important role in reducing nutrient losses.