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In order to study the influence characteristics of cored heat pipes on the temperature field of coal pile and the feasibility of preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal pile, the heat transfer law of two kinds of heat pipes with core and without core under different heat source temperature conditions was tested by experiments, and the heat transfer effect of different arrangement modes of cored heat pipes on large area coal pile was analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that under different heat source temperature conditions, the maximum cooling range of cored heat pipe is 130.6 K, and the maximum cooling range of non-cored heat pipe is 118.6 K. The influence of heat pipes on the internal temperature field of coal pile can be divided into three regions according to the distance: high efficiency cooling zone, transition zone and slow cooling zone; the high temperature area inside the coal pile is smaller with triangular tube group arrangement; the best heat transfer effect is obtained when the spacing between tubes is 25 cm; compared with the tube group arrangement, the distance between tubes has more influence on the heat transfer effect of the core heat pipe.

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is common in clinic, individual susceptibility and social environment factors play an important role in its pathogenesis, and the prognosis is poor. In recent years, there have been three new diagnostic categories of FND, long corona virus disease (COVID) syndrome, Havana syndrome and TikTok tic syndrome. This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and treatment of long COVID syndrome, Havana syndrome and TikTok tic syndrome in order to assist the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Objective: In order to improve the special smell of Camellia oleifera seed oil, the Zanthoxylum flavor Camellia oleifera seed oil was developed with camellia oleifera seed oil and prickly ash as the raw materials. Methods: The peroxide value, acid value, fatty acid composition and odor change of Zanthoxylum bungeanum flavor seed oil were studied under different processing conditions. Results: When the ratio of material to liquid was 10∶100 (mpepper∶mcamellia oil), the frying temperature was 180 ℃, and the frying time was 5 minutes, the acid value, peroxide value and hydroxy-β-pyrroxin content were 0.400 7 mg/g, 0.030 4 g/100 g and 2.225 mg/g, respectively. The ratio of material to liquid had little influence on the content of main fatty acids of Zanthoxylum bungeanum flavor oil tea seed oil. Camellia oleifera seed oil and Zanthoxylum bungeanum flavor oil contain the key flavor compounds (E) -2-octenal and heptanal. Conclusion: The special flavor substances of Zanthoxylum bungeanum oil, linalool and limonene, can effectively change the flavor of the oil.

In order to study the anti-rust performance of the long cycle oil sealing rust prevention scheme, three anti-rust oils (thin layer anti-rust oil SF/Y216, lubricating oil type anti-rust oil SF/Y246B, and solvent-diluting anti-rust oil SF/Y1030 ) were used separately for oil coating and rust prevention. Then, the vapor phase anti-rust plastic film and desiccant (silica gel desiccant, quick acting desiccant) were used for combined rust prevention, and the anti-rust performance of the combined storage rust prevention scheme of three anti-rust oils was studied through 3 a of shed storage exposure test. Results showed that the combined storage rust prevention scheme of the three anti-rust oils had excellent anti-rust performance, which all met the requirements of long-term storage rust prevention for 3 a, and the thin layer anti-rust oil SF/Y216 had the thinnest oil film and the least amount of oil applied.

Functional tics is one type of functional movement disorders (FMD) with overlapping clinical manifestations of primary tics. It is difficult to distinguish them in clinical practice. In this text, we will introduce the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of functional tics by comparing with primary tics (especially Tourette's syndrome), with the aim to improve the rate of accurate diagnosis, and avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

Objective: A COI sequence-based full-length DNA barcoding technology was established to identify adulteration of seven animal-derived components （including pigs, cows, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese and rabbits） in edible blood products. Methods: After the blood products were extracted and purified by DNA extraction and PCR amplification, the clone sequencing results were submitted to the DNA barcode local database of the 7 blood products for sequence comparison. The pretreatment method, DNA extraction method and PCR amplification conditions of the blood products were also selected and optimized, and various common blood product adulteration models were established to study the lowest adulteration detection rate of the models. Results: The results showed that the DNA amplification efficiency of seven edible blood products was 100%, and the minimum adulteration detection rate in various adulteration models was 5%; 25 batches of commercially available edible blood products were identified as adulterated using the method, and 21 batches were found to be adulterated with other animal-derived ingredients. Conclusion: The method is simple, reliable and can be used as a testing method for daily quality supervision of edible blood products.

The quantification of hepatitis B virus(HBV) core antibody (anti-HBc) is related to host immunity and can be detected in the serum of patients with current or past infections. The antibody against core antigen of HBV plays an important role in the inflammation pathogenesis of liver,evaluation of epidemiology history and of treatment strategy. Chronic HBV infection is closely related to active transcription and persistence of covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA) in the liver. The result of quantitative anti-HBc antibody examination shows a good correlation with cccDNA level so it is a potential index for comprehensive evaluation of HBV infectious diseases.

In the context of data explosion,traditional cloud computing is faced with the dilemma of insufficient local cloud resources and high expansion cost.However,the newly emerging hybrid cloud combining resource-rich public cloud and data-sensitive private cloud has become a research hotspot and application direction at present.As an attractive paradigm,workflow has been increasing in data scale and computing scale.Therefore,workflow scheduling is a key issue in the direction of hybrid cloud research.For this reason,this paper first makes an in-depth investigation and analysis of workflow scheduling technology in hybrid cloud environment,and then classifies and compares workflow scheduling in hybrid cloud environment:for deadline,for cost,for energy-efficient and for multi-objective constraints.On this basis,the future research directions of workflow scheduling in hybrid cloud environment are analyzed and summarized:workflow scheduling based on Serverless platform,workflow scheduling based on edge server network collaboration,cloud native workflow scheduling based on Argo integration,and workflow scheduling based on fog computing fusion.

Objective To explore the effect of prednisone acetate on renal function, renal inflammatory response and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. Methods Twelve rats were randomly selected as the control group, and the remaining rats were given high-sugar and high-fat diet supplemented with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to construct a DN rat model. The successful model rats were randomly divided into model group, prednisone acetate low (6.25 mg/kg), high (12.5 mg/kg) dose groups, prednisone acetate + CC group (prednisone acetate 12.5 mg/kg+AMPK inhibitor compound C 0.2 mg/kg), with 12 animals in each group. Each group was given corresponding treatment, once a day for 4 weeks. The general state of rats was observed, and the fasting blood glucose (FBG), 24-hour urine microalbumin (U-mAlb), blood creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected; the pathological changes of renal tissue were observed with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining and periodate schiff (PAS) staining; The expression of proteins related to the renal tissue AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway was detected with Western blot. Results Prednisone acetate can improve the general state of DN rats, reduce FBG, 24 h U-mAlb, serum SCr, BUN, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and renal tissue acetylation nuclear factor-κB p65 (ac-NF-κB p65)/NF-κB p65 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) protein expression (P＜0.05), increase phosphorylated AMPK(p-AMPK)/AMPK and SIRT1 protein expression (P＜0.05), improve kidney disease; compound C could significantly weaken the protective effect of prednisone acetate on DN rats. Conclusions Prednisone acetate can reduce renal inflammatory response and protect renal function in DN rats. Its mechanism may be related to the activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway to inhibit the activation of NF-κB.

Aiming at the drawbacks of beluga whale optimization (BWO), such as low convergence accuracy, limited adaptive ability and weak anti-stagnation ability, two improved BWO algorithms based on Fuch mapping and dynamic opposition-based learning, namely, CIOEBWO and CPOEBWO, are proposed from the perspectives of chaos initialization, chaotic parameter, and nonlinear control strategy. Fuch chaotic initialization is used to increase the traversal of the initial population of BWO, which enhances the optimization accuracy and convergence speed of the algorithm. In the phase of exploitation, Fuch chaotic mapping is introduced to dynamically adjust the parameter C1 to coordinate the capabilities of global search and local search, which improves the adaptive ability of BWO effectively. On the basis of two improvement strategies described above, the dynamic opposition-based learning strategy is introduced to enrich the number of high-quality individuals and enhance the overall anti-stagnation ability of the algorithm. The experimental results of 8 benchmark test functions and Friedman rank test indicate that the convergence accuracy, adaptive ability, and anti-stagnation ability of improved BWO are effectively improved. Compared with BWO and CIOEBWO, CPOEBWO has the better performance. In addition, the optimization results of CPOEBWO and six comparison algorithms show that CPOEBWO has the stronger optimization ability and robustness. Finally, CPOEBWO is applied to solve the engineering optimization problems to demonstrate its applicability and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DPoS (delegated proof of stake) is one of the current mainstream blockchain consensus mechanisms,and the unique node election mechanism makes it form an evolving blockchain community.Analyzing the evolution model of the blockchain community can discover the potential risks of the consensus mechanism,which has very important research significance.For the DPoS consensus mechanism blockchain data,a novel combination analysis method of the consensus mechanism effectiveness is proposed,and a set of visual analysis methods are designed to help users analyze the evolutionary model of the blockchain community from multiple angles.First,it quantifies the difference between the degree of completion of the work and the voting ranking before and after the node ranking change and analyzes the selection efficiency and incentive efficiency of the consensus mechanism;then,it focuses on the combined efficiency of the consensus mechanism,the evolution of the geographical distribution of nodes,and the comparison of the evolutionary differences between nodes and designs visual views and interactive means;finally,it designs and implements a visual analysis system of blockchain community evolution based on the DPoS consensus mechanism based on the real data of the EOS main chain and verifies the usability and effectiveness of this method through case studies and expert evaluation.

本研究從少子化趨勢現象探討嘉義縣國民小學發展混齡教學的現況。文獻探討 從少子化趨勢下國民小學教育之困境及辦理混齡教學的因應對策，透過個案學校教師的訪談，進行資料整理分析。本研究發現在混齡教學中教師面對學生差異化及整合教材的挑戰、數學科在混齡教學上有其困難、教師對於混齡教學的自信來自於學生表現的回饋及家長的信任。面對未來，中央及地方政府可以建立完善的輔導支持系統因應混齡教學上的需求，學校也可以發展混齡教學資源平臺提供教師專業上的協助。 This article discusses the current situation of the development of multi-grade instruction in the elementary schools of Chiayi County from the phenomenon of declining birthrate. The literature explores the plight of elementary school education under the trend of declining birthrate and the corresponding countermeasures for multi-grade instruction. Through interviews with individual school teachers, the data is analyzed and analyzed. This paper finds that in multi-grade instruction, teachers face the challenges of students’ differentiation and integration of teaching materials, mathematics has its difficulties in multi-grade instruction, and teachers’ confidence in multi-grade instruction comes from the feedback of students’ performance and the trust of parents. In the future, the central and local governments can establish a comprehensive guidance support system to meet the needs of multi-grade instruction, and schools can also develop a multi-grade instruction resource platform to provide teachers with professional assistance.

The structure of delafloxacin meglumine was analyzed by infrared absorption (IR), ultraviolet absorption (UV), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C HSQC and 1H-13C HMBC) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The characteristic absorption peaks in the IR spectra were discussed. The 1H and 13C NMR signals of delafloxacin meglumine were assigned, and the two-dimensional signals were used to elucidate its structure. The crystal structure of delafloxacin meglumine was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a crucial link in water circulation. It plays an important role in the global water cycle and surface energy balance, and has significant impacts on climate, ecosystems, and water resources management. Therefore, the quality of evapotranspiration data is crucial for the precise management of global water resources. This study conducted accuracy validation and spatiotemporal comparison of three ET products in the Northern Hemisphere, selecting the ET products that is more suitable for the Northern Hemisphere, providing suggestions for strengthening the combination of remote sensing and ground observation research. Using the monthly average measured data from FluxNet2015 flux sites to verify three ET products, it was found that PML_ V2 product has the highest accuracy in the Northern Hemisphere, followed by GLDAS, and finally MOD16A2, with correlation coefficients R of 0.66, 0.57, and 0.56, respectively; The root mean square error (RMSE) is 2.46, 5.68, and 12.42 mm/month, respectively; The average biases are 14.36%, 16.86%, and 35.02%, respectively. The GLDAS ET product has the ability to monitor daily scale ET, and the consistency between the daily average estimated value and the measured value at the flux tower site is high. The correlation coefficient R is 0.74, and the RMSE and Bias are 1.62mm/day and 27.90%, respectively. Overall, on the time scale, all three ET products can simulate the seasonal changes in the Northern Hemisphere, with higher summer evapotranspiration and lower winter evapotranspiration. The three ET products in summer all have overestimation phenomena on different land cover types, and the simulation results in other seasons are better than the ground observation values. Among them, MOD16A2 performs the worst, and the overestimation phenomenon is the most obvious. In addition, during the period from 2001 to 2020, except for arid areas, the spatial distribution of the three ET products was relatively consistent in most regions, with a correlation coefficient R greater than 0.6. This study provides scientific recommendations for selecting suitable ET data sources for conducting evapotranspiration studies in the Northern Hemisphere by evaluating the uncertainty and product quality of different ET products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ni/Al multilayered energetic structural composites with micron scale were prepared by electroless plating followed by hot press process. The effects of original layer thickness ratio on the microstructure, exothermic properties and mechanical properties of the fabricated composites were investigated, and then the fracture mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the interface bonding of Ni/Al multilayered energetic structural composites is perfect and the initial temperature of interface reaction increases with the increase of original layer thickness ratios. The 2/3 Ni/Al multilayered energetic structural composite not only has the highest reaction energy density of 1051.62 J/g, but also has good strength and plasticity. The tensile strength, elongation and bending strength reach 285.05 MPa, 8.87% and 309.09 MPa respectively. When the layer thickness ratio increases from 1/2 to 1/1, both the tensile strength and bending strength increase, the plasticity decreases. This is related to the composition and interfacial structure. Failure mode of Ni/Al multilayered energetic structural composite is delamination mixed with fracture, and the interface delamination gets more serious with the increase of the layer thickness ratio.

Took brown sugar as the research object, this paper compared the color difference of brown sugar solids in different origins and pressed seasons and the liquid when they are dissolved at the same concentration, and analyzed the characteristic odor components of brown sugar solid samples and discussed the feasibility of color difference meter and electronic nose to determine the flavor quality of brown sugar.The experimental results showed that the color of brown sugar samples from different origins and extraction seasons were obviously different, and the volatile components of brown sugar samples from different origins were also different. The electronic nose can effectively identify and determine brown sugar from different origins and determine its characteristic gas components, namely sulfides and nitrogen oxides. Both the color difference meter and the electronic nose can be used as a technical means for measuring and evaluating the flavor quality of brown sugar instead of sensory evaluation.

Objective To investigate FoxO1 expression and its time-dependent changes during the skin incised wound healing. Methods After the establishment of the skin incised wound model in mice, the FoxO1 expression of skin in different time periods was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results Immunohistochemistry staining showed that FoxO1 was weakly expressed in a few fibroblasts of epidermis, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, vessel endothelium and dermis in the control group. The FoxO1 expression was enhanced in the epidermis and skin appendages around the wound during 6-12 h after injury, which could be detected in the infiltrating neutrophils and a small number of monocytes. FoxO1 was mainly expressed in monocytes during 1-3 d after injury, and in neovascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts during 5-10 d. On the 14th day after injury, the FoxO1 expression still could be detected in a few fibroblasts. The Western blotting results showed that the FoxO1 expression quantity of the tissue samples in injury group was higher than in control group. The FoxO1 expression peaked at 12 h and 7 d after injury. Conclusion FoxO1 is time-dependently expressed in skin wound healing, which can be a useful marker for wound age determination.

Objective To study the expression pattern of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP） in myocardial tissue from forensic routine cases and to explore its application value in the forensic determination of sudden cardiac death （SCD）. Methods The data of 96 autopsy cases accepted by the center of Medico-legal Investigation of China Medical University between December 2008 to May 2014 were collected. There were 62 cases in SCD group cardiac and 34 cases in non-SCD group. The myocardial tissues were taken from left and right ventricular wall, respectively. The expressions of BNP protein and BNP mRNA in myocardial tissue were detected by HE staining, immunohistochemical staining, Western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-qPCR）, etc. Results The immunohistochemical staining of myocardial tissue showed diffusely positive staining in SCD group, and patchily or diffusely positive staining in non-SCD group with lighter degree. The result of Western blotting showed that the expression of BNP protein elevated in left ventricular wall of SCD group. The result of RT-qPCR showed a positive correlation between the BNP mRNA expressions in bilateral ventricular walls and the heart weight, bilateral lung weight, and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP） concentration. There were large differences between the BNP mRNA concentrations in SCD group and non-SCD group, and the former was statistically higher （P

At present,delay measurement methods in OpenFlow network have the disadvantage of excessive network resources and poor measurement accuracy.DeMon,an active mechanism to measure the delay of multiple paths between any two switch based on the controllable feature of individual traffic flow provided in OpenFlow was proposed.DeMon required only one probe packet to be send from controller,which was excepted to reduce the operational cost.Moreover,DeMon used OpenFlow switch instead of controller to get the timestamp of probe packet,making the measurement accuracy and stability have been greatly improved compared with other monitoring techniques in the OpenFlow network.

The study was to optimize the extraction process of anthocyanins and investigate their hypoglycemic activity. Through a single factor test and orthogonal test, the extraction technology of anthocyanins was optimized by enzymatic assisted ultrasound with Brassica campestris var. purpuraria peel as the raw material. The results showed that the optimum conditions for extracting anthocyanins from the peel of Brassica campestris var. purpuraria were as follows: Ultrasonic time 40 min, the ratio of liquid to material of 20 mL/g, the ratio of pectinase to cellulase of 3 : 1, pH value of 2.2, and the amount of enzyme addition 2%c. Under these conditions, the content of anthocyanins extracted from Brassica campestris var. purpuraria peel was 7.61 mg/g. The IC50 of anthocyanins on α-amylase and α-glucosidase was 3.32, 6.46 g/L, respectively. At an anthocyanin level of 7.00%, the inhibition rate of anthocyanin on α-amylase was 77.00%. When the anthocyanin level was 8.00%, the inhibition rate of anthocyanin on α-glucosidase was 86.00%. The anthocyanin exhibits a non-competitive inhibition type on both α-amylase and α-glucosidase at these concentrations. The study indicates that the enzymatic assisted ultrasound extraction of anthocyanins from Brassica campestris var. purpuraria peel is an efficient extraction method, which can provide a reference for the production of natural haematochrome and the screening of edible pigment varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to investigate the effect of different planting densities on the yield and quality of MT-8 in F8 generation of distant hybrid of maize and teosinte. MT-8 was used as the research material, and six planting densities of 52 500, 60 000, 67 500, 75 000, 82 500, and 90 000 plants/hm² were set up. The results showed that the both fresh weight and dry weight of MT-8 increased with the increase of planting density, and reached the maximum value when planting density was 75 000 plants/hm². At a planting density of 75 000 plants /hm², MT-8 had higher nutrient yield and higher feeding value, and the nutrient type was NC. The study indicates that the suitable planting density of MT-8 is 75 000 plants /hm². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to study the effect of grazing and house-feeding on growth, slaughter performance and meat quality of mutton sheep. A total of 24 healthy and disease-free Duhan hybrid mutton sheep with a body weight (20.0±2.2) kg were randomly divided into grazing group and house-feeding group, with 12 replicates per group and one sheep per replicate, half in male and half in female. The sheep in the grazing group were fed a diet primarily composed of cypress seeds and cypress leaves, with the appropriate amount of basic diet. The sheep in the house-feeding group were fed a 30% cypress seeds in the basic diet. The pre-feeding period was 15 days and the formal period was 90 days. The results showed that the final weight and average daily gain of the mutton sheep in the house-feeding group were extremely higher than those in the grazing group (P<0.01), and the total weight gain was significantly higher than that in the grazing group (P<0.05). The live weight before slaughter, carcass weight, net meat percentage and dressing percentage of mutton sheep in the house-feeding group were significantly or extremely higher than those in the grazing group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). The water loss rate and cooking loss rate of mutton in the house-feeding group were significantly higher than those in the grazing group ( P<0.05), and the pH24 h value of mutton in the grazing group was significantly higher than that in the house-feeding group (P<0.05). The content of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, threonine and serine in the grazing group was significantly higher than those in the house-feeding group ( P<0.05). The content of alanine, valine and lysine in mutton sheep in the house-feeding group was significantly higher than those in the grazing group ( P<0.05), and the content of glycine was extremely higher than that in the grazing group ( P<0.01). The color, aroma, taste and total score of mutton in the grazing group were significantly higher than those in the house-feeding group ( P<0.05). The study indicates the house-feeding mode can improve the fatten and weight gain effect of mutton sheep, and improve the slaughtering performance of mutton sheep. The grazing feeding mode can improve the flavor and quality of mutton to a certain extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raman Spectroscopy is an important means of non-destructive fluid inclusions analysis. Composition of fluid inclusions in quartz from the Shaanxi formation of the Dingbian area in the Ordos Basin was determined by the Raman technique. These inclusions show two kinds of Raman spectra, fluorescence-type Raman spectra which indicate aromatic hydrocarbon and saturated hydrocarbon-type Raman spectra which indicate saturated hydrocarbon. According to these two kinds of Raman spectra, the conclusion is that the fluid inclusions were possibly captured during the stage of hydrocarbon generation of coal hydrocarbon source rocks. Peaks of 2250 cm-1± and 2945 cm-1± are the main Raman peaks in the quartz overgrowths during stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The inclusions in cracks not only have the same peak with those in quartz overgrowths, but also show multiple Raman peaks between 600 and 1500 cm-1. This indicates that two kinds of fluid inclusions exist in different evolution stages of the coal source rocks with different compositions. The Raman spectra reveal the main composition of fluid inclusions in the Shaanxi Formation of the Dingbian area in the Ordos basin and reflect the composition changes during capture of fluid inclusions. It is of great significance to determine the relationship between the fluid formation environment at that time and the evolution of the coal hydrocarbon source rocks.

Objective To investigate the effects of tenuigenin (TEN) on expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and its receptor tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) in the hippocampal CA1 region of Alzheimer's disease (AD) model rats. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: the control group, the model group, 12.50 mg/ml TEN group and 37.50 mg/ml TEN group. AD model rats were made by injecting ibotenic acid into Meynert basal nuclei of aging rats induced by D-galactose. The expressions of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in the hippocampal CA1 region were measured by immunohistochemistry method. Results The positive expressions of BDNF and TrkB were pale brown and mainly in neuronal cell membrane of the hippocampal CA1 region measured by immunohistochemistry method. The average absorbance values of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in the control group were 0.47 ± 0.02 and 0.46 ± 0.05, while in the model group were 0.30 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.07 which were significantly lower than that of the control group (P = 0.000, for all). The average absorbance values of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in 12.50 mg/ml TEN group were 0.35 ± 0.05 and 0.32 ± 0.07, which were significantly higher than that of the model group (P = 0.000, for all) and 37.50 mg/ml TEN group were 0.43 ± 0.05 and 0.37 ± 0.03, which were significantly higher than that of the model group (P = 0.000, for all). The average absorbance values of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in 37.50 mg/ml TEN group increased significantly than that in 12.50 mg/ml TEN group (P = 0.000). Conclusions TEN can dose-dependently increase BDNF and its receptor TrkB expression in the hippocampal CA1 region of Alzheimer's disease model rats, which may partly explain the beneficial effects of TEN on cognitive function. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.05.011

Objective To investigate the clinical features of general paresis of insane (GPI), HIV⁃associated dementia (HAD) and Creutzfeldt ⁃ Jakob disease (CJD). Methods The clinical features, laboratory examination, electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), treatment and prognosis of 19 patients (GPI, n = 8; HAD, n = 6; CJD, n = 5) were analyzed retrospectively. Results The cases of three groups had cognitive impairment. At the same time, multiple systems (pyramidal system, extrapyramidal system and cerebellar) and multiple cranial nerves were involved. In GPI patients, the results of rapid plasma regain circle card test (RPR) and treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay (TPPA) were all positive in 8 cases, venereal disease research laboratory tests (VDRL) of CSF were positive in 4 cases, and Head MRI showed encephalatrophy in 6 cases. In HAD patients, serologic tests for HIV of all cases were positive, the average protein of CSF was increased significantly and Pandy's test was positive in 2 cases, Head MRI were characterized with multiple space occupying lesions or diffuse abnormal density image. In CJD patients, CSF 14⁃3⁃3 protein showed positive in 4 patients, EEG showed diffuse slow waves in 5 case, in which 1 case showed typical periodic triphasic wave, Head MRI in 3 sporadic CJD patients (sCJD) showed swelling like changes in sulus of cortex area and 1 varaint CJD (vCJD) patient showed hockey like change in thalamencephalon. Conclusion The clinical characteristics of dementia caused by GPI, HAD or CJD are varied, and the diagnosis mainly depends on clinical features, positive findings in serum, CSF, EEG and MRI detections. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2012.03.019

Objective To develop Chinese Card Sorting Test (CCST) as an efficient, brief test for evaluating executive function in Chinese elderly. Methods Thirty ⁃ five patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), 69 cases with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [amnesic MCI⁃single domain (aMCI⁃s), 25; amnesic MCI⁃multiple domain (aMCI⁃m), 24; non⁃amnesic MCI (naMCI), 20] and 124 cognitively normal controls (NC) were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests including CCST. Three sets (including figures, words and numbers) of cards were adopted. Each set had 6 cards. Subjects were asked to sort cards according to shape, number, color and meaning. Full mark was 4 for each set and 12 for total 3 sets. Results 1) Comparison among NC, MCI and AD: according to test score, in NC group, Set Ⅱ was most difficult while Set Ⅰ was the easiest. However, in MCI and AD group, patients' scores were similar among 3 sets, which indicated that the discriminative efficacy was same among 3 sets. Set Ⅰ and Ⅲ sorting started with "color" and followed with "meaning". Set Ⅱ sorting started with "meaning". The accuracy score for Set Ⅱ was the lowest which may due to the inhibition effect of "meaning" against other sorting strategy (similar as "the Stroop effect"). "Number" was the most difficult and least adopted sorting dimension. There were few misclassification which indicated that the test design produced few misunderstanding. When the total score of CCST ≤ 6, the sensitivity and specificity for differentiating AD was 94.32% and 74.24%, respectively. When the total score of CCST ≤ 5, the sensitivity and specificity for differentiating AD was 74.35% and 89.52%, respectively. For subjects with low education, optimal cut⁃ off score should be selected as ≤ 5. For subjects with high education, optimal cut⁃off score should be set as ≤ 6. 2) Comparison among 3 MCI subgroups: the score in naMCI subgroup was the lowest (4.25 ± 2.07), while in aMCI ⁃ s subgroup was the highest (6.68 ± 1.65). The score in aMCI ⁃ m was between the 2 above subgroups (5.16 ± 2.26). There were significant differences among the 3 subgroups (P < 0.01, for all). CCST can be used to differentiate amnesic and non⁃amnesic MCI. There were significant differences between aMCI ⁃ s and naMCI for all 3 sets of cards. Significant differences only existed for Set Ⅱ between aMCI⁃m and naMCI. There were significant differences among 3 subgroups in "color" dimension. There were no differences among 3 subgroups in "number" and "meaning" dimension. There were significant differences between aMCI and naMCI in "color" and "number" dimension. There were no differences between aMCI and naMCI in "shape" and "meaning" dimension. Conclusion Chinese Card Sorting Test is an effective, rapid and usable test for differentiating amnesic and non⁃amnesic MCI. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2010.02.014

Worm detection and signature extraction was presented based on analysis of similar communication character-istics,which identifies the distinct communication pattern of worm spread,and evaluates the similarity metric of commu-nication characteristic sets,and detects worms by detecting their infectivity with higher detection precision,generality and adaptability.Based on this,a heuristic detection framework is designed,which eliminates non-worm traffic from protocol,sequence,and content in three levels via blind,intent and lock track,then filters out worm packets and extracts signatures.The technique reduces data collection volume and analysis cost dramatically,and can detection worm and ex-tract signature quickly in the environment with high strength background noise.

網路同儕互評可擴大學生的認知基模，協助建構知識，並可培養學生與同儕互相討論、合作學習的精神及養成運用資訊科技進行終身學習的技能。此種評量可謂深具學習理論基礎的評量方式。Moodle係免費的課程管理系統，具有易安裝、易使用及原始碼開放的特點，教師可利用其優勢實施網路同儕互評。本文先分析網路同儕互評的意義、理論基礎與研究發現，繼之概括性地介紹Moodle的架構與設計，最後則探討該系統工作坊模組同儕互評功能的設定與應用。期盼本文能增進教師對網路同儕互評與Moodle的了解，提升運用Moodle實施網路同儕互評的能力。Web-based peer assessment can develop students’ cognitive schema, help students construct their knowledge, promote students’ positive attitudes towards discussing and cooperating with peers, and increase students’ skills to undertake lifelong learning by using the information technology. The assessment can be said to be an evaluation method based on profound learning theory. Moodle is a free course management system. It has the characteristics of ease of installation and use, and open source code. Teachers can take advantages of the strengths of the system to implement web-based peer assessment. First of all, this article analyzes the meaning, theoretical basis and research findings of web-based peer assessment. Next, it generally introduces the structure and design of the system. Finally, it discusses the set up and application of peer assessment function on the Moodle “Workshop” module. It is expected that this article can not only improve teachers’ understanding of web-based assessment and the system but also develop their ability of implementing web-based peer assessment by using the system.

An Email flow anomaly detection method based on leaky integrate-and-fire model was presented for detecting flow anomaly in the process of mail worm propagation.According to the day period and week period properties of the mail flow,Firstly the Hellinger distance between current mail flow and history statistic was calculated,and then integrate the Hellinger distance with Leaky integrate-and-fire method.In this way,the slice variety of flow was accumulated in the mail worm propagation slow start phase to archive the capability of the anomaly detection before the worm enter the fast spread phase.As this method only checks the mail flow information,it is suitable for high speed network mail flow anomaly detection.

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of dietary inulin combined with Houttuynia cordata on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and antioxidant performance of Hyline Brown chicks. A total of one hundred and eight 10-day-old Hyline Brown chicks with an average body weight of (55.00±0.08) g were randomly divided into three group (group A, group B and group C), with six replicates in each group and six chicks in each replicate. Chicks in group A were fed with a basal diet, chicks in group B were fed with basal diet +1% inulin, and chicks in group C were fed basal diet +1% inulin +0.4% Houttuynia cordata. The experiment lasted for 14 d. The results showed that compared with group A, group B and group C had no significant effects on growth performance and slaughter performance of Hyline Brown chicks (P>0.05). Compared with group A, the activity of amylase in duodenum, jejunum and ileum mucosa of Hyline Brown chicks in group B were significantly increased (P<0.05). The content of cholecystokinin (CCK) in jejunum of Hyline Brown chicks in group B and group C was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The content of CCK and Ghrelin in ileum of Hyline Brown chicks in group B were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in duodenum, jejunum and ileum mucosa of Hyline Brown chicks in group B and group C was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in duodenum and jejunum mucosa of Hyline Brown chicks in group B and group C was significantly increased (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that the supplementation of inulin or Houttuynia cordatacan increase the activities of endogenous digestive enzymes and antioxidant status, and reduce the secretion of intestinal satiety hormone, but have no obvious effect on growth performance and slaughter performance of Hyline Brown chicks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ammonia is an important industrial raw material and a potential green energy. Using renewable energy to convert nitrogen into ammonia under ambient condition is an attractive method. However, the development of efficient photoelectrochemical ammonia synthesis catalysts remains a challenge. Perovskite such as BaSrTiO3 (BST) is a good photocatalytic material. However, BST is active under ultraviolet light and has a high recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. By dispersing precious metals, it can effectively regulate the absorption of sunlight by BST. In this work, we used a two-step method to prepare BST. The H2PtCl6⋅6H2O solution was dispersed on the BST, and then followed by calcination in a tube furnace to obtain Pt@BaSrTiO3 (Pt@BST). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to analyze the structures, morphologies, and surface chemical composition of the synthesized materials. Results showed that the well-crystallized Pt particles were successfully loaded onto the BST surface, and Pt and BST interacted to produce a metal-semiconductor heterojunction, improving the performance of N2 reduction. The N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms showed that the increase in the specific surface area helped the catalyst to adsorb N2, and the contact area with H2O also increased, which promotes the occurrence of NRR and thus produces more NH3. UV-Vis and PL spectroscopic techniques were used to characterize and analyze optical properties of the obtained catalyst. It is indicated that decoration of Pt reduces the band gap of the catalyst and increases the visible light absorption range, in addition, further enhances the charge separation and transfer, inhibits the recombination of electron-hole pairs, and improves the efficiency of charge separation. The performances of BST and Pt@BST for photoelectric catalytic synthesis of ammonia under ambient condition were studied. The yield of ammonia first increased and then decreased with the increase of Pt content. When the Pt content was 4wt%, the yield was the highest. The results showed that the ammonia yield of Pt@BST was 26.57 x 10-8 mol⋅h-1⋅mg-1 and Faraday efficiency (FE) was 5.43% at -0.3 V (vs. RHE) in 0.1 mol⋅-1 Na2SO4 under natural conditions, suggesting that the ammonia yield of Pt@BST was twice that of pure BST (13.12 x 10-8 mol⋅h-1⋅mg-1). We conducted control experiments of 15N2 isotope and Ar in order to eliminate internal and external environmental pollution. Confirming that the detected NH3 was produced exclusively via nitrogen reduction reaction. After recycling the test six times at -0.3 V (vs. RHE), both FE and ammonia yield rate showed a slight variation, indicating the high stability of Pt@BST during N2 reduction process. This work provides a simple strategy for further designing the preparation of noble metal modified perovskite catalysts, and has promising application prospects in ammonia synthesis under ambient condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To mine regular patterns of mutation and associated causative genes through integrating big data from the perspective of genetic factors in infertility. Methods. A classification of causative genes collected in human infertility according to the protein category in the Universal Protein Resource (Uniprot) and statistics of mutation frequency in each kind of genes in clinical cases were made. The function and pathway of oxidoreductase with abnormal function, an important pathogenic factor, were analyzed, and related information was investigated. The mouse ortholog genes and pathogenic information of human steroid hormone biosynthesis were acquired from Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) in order to evaluate potential genes after finding out regularity and analysis of gene interaction. Results. It's commonest for oxidoreductase genes to be mutated in infertility-causative genes. The genes that mutated most easily seemed possibly to focus on the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, and, furthermore, potential and related mutation genes were found. Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (AKR1C3), an oxidoreductase, was considered as a candidate gene bringing about human infertility most probably after analyzing this pathway. Conclusion. It's commonest for oxidoreductase-causative genes, which are mainly responsible for generating steroid hormone, to be mutated in infertility, and these genes maybe include AKR1C3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DNA origami is a new DNA self-assembly method, which has the advantages of program-mability and nano-addressability, and is widely used in DNA computing. In this paper, a computational model on DNA origami substrate for solving the satisfiability problem is designed on the basis of DNA o-rigami that can fold special structures. This model adopts the principle of molecular beacon and eliminates the non-solution by observing the luminescence, so as to find the solution of the satisfiability problem, and the feasibility of the model is proved by examples and simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the clinical application of the modified nutritional risk screening tool and nutrition assessment in pediatric patients in China, and to provide a theoretical basis for establishing a standardized nutritional management process for pediatric patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the nutritional risk screening and nutrition assessment data of 16 249 hospitalized children. According to the degree of nutritional risk, the children were divided into a high nutritional risk group with 588 children, a moderate nutritional risk group with 4 330 children, and a non-nutritional risk group with 11 331 children. Nutrition assessment results were compared between groups. The composition of nutritional risk screening scores and the impact of nutritional risk screening on the rate of nutrition support therapy were analyzed. Results The incidence rate of nutritional risk was 30.27% (4 918/16 249), and the incidence rates of malnutrition and overnutrition were 27.37% (4 448/16 249) and 11.29% (1 834/16 249), respectively. Nutrition assessment results were significantly correlated with nutritional risk (≥5 years old: rs=0.313, P<0.05; <5 years old: rs=-0.304, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the composition of scoring items between the groups with different nutritional risks (P<0.05). With the implementation of nutritional risk screening, there was a gradual increase in the rate of nutrition support therapy year by year (P<0.05). Conclusions There is a high incidence rate of nutritional risk in hospitalized children. The use of the modified pediatric nutritional risk screening tool can promote the implementation of standardized nutritional management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control the basic activities of cells including proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, metabolism and so on. Accordingly, abnormal activation caused by mutations of RTKs plays an important part in the formation and development of tumor. For the past few years, the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rTKI) developed for RTKs have progressed rapidly and achieved good results in clinical treatment in various tumor types, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and so on. As for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), approval and clinical application of inhibitors against Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) significantly improve prognosis in patients with FLT3 mutations, which is vital for the treatment of AML. The clinical application of rTKI to AML is summarized in this review, providing a reference for the treatment of AML. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the seasonal changes of AOB and AOA and its relation with environmental factors in Sinonovacula constricta pond, AOA and AOB abundance in water and sediments were studied by fluorescence quantitative PCR with the functional gene amoA as a molecular marker. The results showed that the abundance of AOA in each season was one order of magnitude higher than that of AOB, and seasonal variation had certain effects on the abundance of AOA and AOB amoA genes in the water environment and sediments. In the water environment, AOB was significantly higher in autumn than the other three seasons (P<0.05), AOA in winter was the lowest and it was significantly lower in spring and autumn (P<0.05). In the sediment, AOB and AOA were significantly higher in winter than those in the other three seasons (P<0.05). Correlation analysis of environmental factors showed that AOB content in water was positively correlated with NH4+ (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with NO2- (P<0.05). The abundance of AOA in water was positively correlated with water temperature (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with (P<0.05). In the sediment, the abundance of AOB was positively correlated with DO, NO3-, TN and NO2- (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with water temperature (P<0.05). The abundance of AOA was positively correlated with DO, TN and NO3- (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with water temperature (P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression equation showed that the abundance of AOA and AOB in Sinonovacula constricta pond was significantly affected by NO3-. The results showed that AOA dominated the ammonia-oxidation process in the pond of Sinonovacula constricta, and the abundance of AOA and AOB was affected by salinity, temperature, nitrogen concentration, dissolved oxygen and other environmental factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a type of stamping welding hydraulic torque converter, a blade thickness full factor test was designed. Firstly, the main effects and the interaction effects of torque converter external characteristics were analyzed, combining with numerical simulation of flow field. The results show that, the main effects make the capableness of the torque converter descend along with the blade thickness increasing and the interaction effects of blade thickness are not obvious. And then, the numerical variation effects of blade thickness on performance were analyzed. The results show that, the increased thickness of the vane can induce a decline of the torque transmitted by the torque converter and this decline is from slow to fast. Finally, the blade thickness was optimized based on the study results. Combined with the actual thickness of the engineering board, the blade thickness was determined and a verification test was carried out. Similar to the variation of pump rotation moment with blade thickness, turbine torque decreases with the increase of blade thickness, especially in the low speed ratio region of torque converter. When the blade thickness is within 3 mm, for each increase of 0. 5 mm thickness, the turbine torque value decreases by 0.5%, and when the blade thickness exceeds 3 mm, the turbine torque changes faster, and for each additional 0. 5 mm, the maximum change of the pump rotation moment is about 3. 8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The positioning and navigation system of the indoor mobile robot is improved and designed. Based on the platform of robot operation system (ROS), raspberry controller is used for platform control, and laser radar is adopted to collect environmental information. A software algorithm with multiple functions such as path planning is developed. According to the simulation results, the environment map constructed by the system can achieve high precision and can be modularized and expanded to reduce the difficulty and cost of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To investigate the impact of Rickettsia infection on the resistance of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci to the parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa, and provide new strategies for whitefly management. [Methods] The parasitism rate, developmental period, eclosion rate, body size (body length, body width, head length and head width) and the host preferences of E. formosa for different B. tabaci hosts, were investigated in both Rickettsia positive and negative populations of B. tabaci (B-biotype) and its parasitoid E. formosa. [Results] Rickettsia infection had a significant effect on the parasitism rate and developmental period of E. formosa, but no significant effects on the eclosion rate and body size of F1 generation adults. The average parasitism rates of E. formosa on Rickettsia positive and negative B. tabaci nymphs was 32.52% and 41.50%, respectively, and the developmental periods of these two populations were 14.5 d and 15.0 d, respectively. The eclosion rates of F1 generation E. formosa adults raised on either Rickettsia positive or Rickettsia negative B. tabaci nymphs, were 79.02% and 83.71%, respectively; the body length, body width, head length, and head width of F1 generation E. formosa adults raised on Rickettsia positive hosts were slightly larger than those of wasps raised on Rickettsia negative hosts. In laboratory choice experiments, the average parasitism rates of E. formosa on Rickettsia positive vs Rickettsia negative B. tabaci hosts were 35.26% and 50.22%, respectively. Under semi-field conditions, the average parasitism rates of E. formosa on Rickettsia positive populations was 35.03% in choice experiments; significantly lower than that on Rickettsia negative populations (57.79%). [Conclusion] Rickettsia infection reduces the susceptibility of B. tabaci to parasitism by E. formosa because E. formosa females prefer to parasitize Rickettsia negative B. tabaci, a preference that potentially increases the survival of their offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important force to promote China's economic and social development, the real estate industry has developed rapidly, and the capability of financial crisis early warning management capability plays an important role in the risk control of business operations. Therefore, based on the high correlation and high dimensionality of financial data of listed companies in China, this paper proposes a crisis early warning method based on principal component analysis and logistic analysis. Before using logistic regression analysis, principal component analysis is used to achieve the purpose of dimension reduction processing while retaining the original financial data information to the utmost. Using logistic regression analysis method, the six principal component comprehensive factors affecting the financial ability of real estate enterprises are obtained, and a scientific and reasonable financial crisis early warning decision model for real estate enterprises is constructed. The empirical results show that the model can achieve multivariate dimensionality reduction processing while minimizing the loss of variable information, and at the same time solve the problem that the variables of the original data are highly correlated with each other, and it is very good for predicting the failure of enterprise operation. The identification, early warning and promotion capabilities provide an effective reference for the formulation of late-stage development strategies for listed real estate companies in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]