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Objective To develop a deep learning method for volumetric assessment of traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (TICH) using the Trans-UNet model and to compare its performance with traditional formula-based methods. Methods CT data from 141 TICH patients admitted to Army Medical Center of PLA between May 2018 and May 2023 were collected. A deep learning method based on the Trans-UNet model was established. Manual delineation via picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was served as the gold standard for comparing the accuracy, consistency, and time efficiency of our method against 10 different formula-based methods for measuring the amount of TICH. Results The median volume of TICH, as manual delineation via PACS, was 1.167 mL, with a median measurement time of 135 s per patient. The median percentage error in volume between the deep learning method and manual delineation via PACS was 3.59%. Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.999 (P < 0.001), and a median measurement time was only 4.38 s per patient. In contrast, in the formula-based methods, the lowest median percentage error in volume was 16.451%, the highest Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.986 (P < 0.001), and the lowest median measurement time was 20 s for a single patient. The statistical differences were observed in percentage error in volume and measurement time between the 2 types of methods (all P < 0.001). Conclusion Our developed deep learning method for volumetric assessment of TICH is superior to the formula-based methods in terms of measurement accuracy and time efficiency.

[Objective] The effects of exposed rocks on the runoff, sediment yield, and hydrodynamic characteristics of slope land needs further study. [Methods] Through the laboratory simulation test, the slope lands with different rock exposure rates (0, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%) were set, and the artificial simulation rainfall test under different rainfall intensities (30, 60, 90 mm/h) was carried out, in order to explore the impact of rainfall intensity and exposed rocks on runoff, sediment yield and hydrodynamic characteristics of slope land. [Results] The surface runoff and sediment yield of slope land increased with the increased of rainfall intensity, and decreased with the increase of rock exposure rate. Under varying rainfall intensities, the runoff and sediment yield of slopes with 0 and 10% rock exposure rates slope land were not significantly difference in most cases (p>0.05), but the slope with a 0 rock exposure rate was significantly difference from other slopes with rock exposure (p

China is the world’s largest walnut producer, with an annual output of 4.795 9 million tons. Walnut kernels have high nutritional value, containing 65%−69% of oil and 15%−20% of protein. Walnut meal, an abundant byproduct of walnut oil production, is mainly used in animal feed and fertilizers with low processing efficiency, whose potential for high-value utilization is far from being excavated. Studies have found that walnut meal contains a large amount of protein (42%−54%), its amino acid composition is rich, and the proportion of amino acids in walnut meal is suitable for human absorption. Walnut meal is a source of high-quality plant protein with a true protein digestibility score of 86.22%, and a biological valence of 98.77%. Therefore, high-efficiency utilization of walnut meal proteins is an important pathway for the high-value utilization of walnut meal. In this article, the composition, structure, and nutritional value of walnut proteins are reviewed. The extraction methods and functional characteristics of walnut proteins are summarized. The effect of modification on their functionalities and digestibility is also summarized. Finally, the application potential of walnut protein in foods is discussed.

In recent years, with the significant rise in global obesity rate, the demand for sugar substitutes such as artificial sweeteners (AS) has soared, but the safety of AS remains controversial. New research from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the journal Nature suggests that long-term consumption of AS may have negative health effects. Currently, the standards on the use of AS in different countries are different, and the mechanism of the health impact of long-term AS consumption is not clear. Therefore, based on recent research results related to AS, this review paper focuses on the human health effect of AS and the current domestic and foreign standards on AS. It elaborates on the relationship between AS and gut microbes, obesity and diabetes, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular disease and cancer, and summarizes the current Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), US, EU, Japanese and Chinese standards on AS. In addition, this paper also discusses the key issue of how to determine standards on AS addition in the food industry in order to provide a reference for future research in this field.

Objective To analyze the mechanism that Hcp1 protein in type Ⅵ secretion system of Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) mediates the formation of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) when host cells are infected by the bacterium. Methods The mutant strain (BPC006 Δhcp1) and complementation strain (BPC006 Δhcp1:: hcp1) were constructed by homologous recombination and plasmid complement technology, respectively. After RAW264.7 cells were infected with B. pseudomallei, the localization of Hcp1 in host cells was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The localization was further verified by cytoplasmic-membrane isolation in 293T cells after transfecting pCDNA4.1-Hcp1. The biological significance and effect of Hcp1 were explored by the anti-Hcp1 polyclonal antibody blocking and the formation of MNGC was detected by Giemsa staining. Results Western blotting showed that BPC006 Δhcp1 could not express Hcp1, while BPC006 Δhcp1:: hcp1 restored Hcp1 expression. The above results proved that the mutant and complement strains were successfully constructed. Both cellular immunofluorescence co-localization and cytoplasmic-membrane isolation experiments showed that Hcp1 localized to host cell membranes. Last but not least, compared with the control group, anti-Hcp1 polyclonal antibodies inhibited the formation of MNGC (P < 0.01). Conclusion Hcp1 protein in type Ⅵ secretion system of B. pseudomallei is able to translocate to the RAW264.7 cell membranes and plays an important role in the formation of MNGCs.

Aiming at the lack of effective means for detecting and localizing malicious nodes in the data flow transmission link in Internet of things (IoT), a zero trust management method of data flow between IoT edge nodes based on software defined network (SDN) was proposed. This method applied the architecture of SDN to the process of data flow transmission between edge nodes. A fixed-length header overhead was used for zero trust management of data flow, nodes, and paths to achieve lightweight packet forwarding verification and malicious node localization functions. In the forwarding path, the security verification of packets was performed by the switching node, and the verification information was counted to ensure the security of the data flow transmission and the consistency of the path. Based on the type of abnormal packets, the controller adopted dichotomous method to mark the switching node that performed the verification operation to gradually narrow down the scope of malicious nodes, and realized the localization of multiple types of malicious nodes. Finally, the proposed method was simulated and evaluated. The experimental results show that the method introduces a forwarding delay of less than 10% and a throughput loss of less than 8%.

DL/T 684—2012 Guide of Calculating Settings of Relay Protection for Large Generator Transformer （hereinafter referred to as the “2012 Guide”） has played a significant role in improving the correct operation rate of relay protection devices for generator transformers and ensuring the safe operation of electrical equipment in power plants. However， with the increase in capacity of individual generator units in China and the emergence of new faults， the “2012 Guide” has proved inadequate， requiring revision to better guide engineering practice. Therefore， this paper analyzes the problems in the “2012 Guide” and puts forward specific revision suggestions to address problems such as misoperation of generator differential protection under sympathetic inrush current， misoperation of false power-on protection under poor synchronous conditions， and tripping of gap zero-sequence current protection of main transformer before reclosing in the case of transient single-phase ground faults on the line. The suggestions can provide reference for the revision of the “2012 Guide”.

In the wide area measurement system （WAMS） of a province， occasional frequency hopping has been observed in digital phasor measurement unit （PMU） within an intelligent substation. Firstly， dynamic data records and waveform files are retrieved during instances of frequency hopping. Analysis is conducted in conjunction with on-site operational mode， and the causes behind two instances of frequency hopping are figured out. Subsequently， adjustments are made to the analog threshold values of the smart terminal， improvements are implemented in the sampling value （SV） network mode， virtual local area network （VLAN） switches are partitioned， and bandwidth thresholds of the device are fine-tuned to address frequency fluctuations caused by SV packet loss. Moreover， SV data recovery is conducted to enhance the fault tolerance of the PMU， ensuring that a loss of fewer than 3 frames will not lead to frequency fluctuation limit. Furthermore， efforts are made to identify on-site disturbance sources and analyze the causes of disturbances leading to frequency fluctuations in the PMU. A rapid disturbance identification method based on triggering waveform files is proposed. Finally， the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through experimentation.

ObjectiveTo screen biomarkers for forensic identification of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） by non-targeted metabolomic studies on changes of urine metabolites in rats with AMI.MethodsThe rat models of the sham surgery group, AMI group and hyperlipidemia + acute myocardial infarction （HAMI） group were established. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS） was used to analyze the changes of urine metabolic spectrometry in AMI rats. Principal component analysis, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were used to screen differential metabolites. The MetaboAnalyst database was used to analyze the metabolic pathway enrichment and access the predictive ability of differential metabolites.ResultsA total of 40 and 61 differential metabolites associated with AMI and HAMI were screened, respectively. Among them, 22 metabolites were common in both rat models. These small metabolites were mainly concentrated in the niacin and nicotinamide metabolic pathways. Within the 95% confidence interval, the area under the curve （AUC） values of receiver operator characteristic curve for N8-acetylspermidine, 3-methylhistamine, and thymine were greater than 0.95.ConclusionN8-acetylspermidine, 3-methylhistamine, and thymine can be used as potential biomarkers for AMI diagnosis, and abnormal metabolism in niacin and nicotinamide may be the main causes of AMI. This study can provide reference for the mechanism and causes of AMI identification.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of probiotics combined with bismuth quadruple therapy （BQT） on clinical efficacy、gastrointestinal adverse reactions and intestinal flora in Helicobacter pylori （HP） positive patients.MethodsThe patients who were positive for HP from May 2023 to July 2023 in the department of gastroenterology of Shanghai first people's hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups with 40 people in each group. The probiotic group was given 2 weeks of quadruple therapy with probiotics and standard BQT， followed by 4 weeks of oral probiotics after quadruple discontinuation. The placebo group was given 2 weeks of probiotic placebo and standard BQT， followed by 4 weeks of oral probiotic placebo. 13C urea breath test was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy， gastrointestinal symptoms rating Scale was used to evaluate the gastrointestinal adverse reactions of patients before and after the intervention， and microbial diversity 16S rDNA sequencing technology was used to detect the level of intestinal flora of patients before and after the intervention.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the eradication rate between the two groups （P>0.05）. Before the intervention， there was no significant difference in the scores of the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale between the probiotic group and the placebo group. After the intervention， patients in the probiotic group had significantly lower pain scores on acid reflux （1.10±0.30 vs 1.35±0.53， P

The rapid development of nuclear power reduced the consumption of fossil fuels, effectively reduced the environmental pollution of liquid waste, solid waste, and harmful gases, playing a crucial role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. However, it also generated a large amount of high-level radioactive wastes (HLWs). HLWs contain a quantity of elements, high toxicity, high-level radioactivity, long half-life period, and large heat release, posing a huge threat to the ecological environment and human health. Its safe disposal has become a key and difficult issue in international radioactive waste management. Deep geological disposal is widely regarded as the safest, most reliable, and technically feasible method for disposing HLWs. Deep geological disposal refers to the establishment of a geological disposal repository of HLWs in rocks at a depth of 500-1 000 meters underground, a site buring the processed HLWs, and isolating HLWs from the biosphere through a multiple barrier system to achieve long-term and effective safe disposal. At present, the construction of an underground research laboratory (URL) has been initiated for the geological disposal of HLWs in Xinchang of Beishan, Gansu. The distribution of U species in deep groundwater and its influence factors can provide basic data for the performance assessment of a deep geological disposal system at the micro level, but they remain unclear, urgently needed relevant geochemical simulation. Based on the database (llnl.dat) in PHEEQC, with an addition of thermodynamic data of U(Ⅵ) from NEA-TDB and ThermoChimie databases, the U species and their distribution in the deep groundwater of BS28 borehole of the URL were simulated using PHEEQC.v3 and PhreePlot.v11, to clarify the U species in the deep groundwater from Xinchang of Beishan and elucidate the influence of pH, pE, and concentration ratio of Ca2+ and HCO3-(c(Ca2+)/c(HCO3-)) on the distribution of U species. The simulation results indicate that U occurs as U(Ⅵ) in this deep groundwater environment, with the main species of Ca2UO2(CO3)3(aq) and CaUO2(CO3)32-, accounting for 84.14% and 15.16%, respectively. The valence states of U can gradually change from U(Ⅵ) to U(Ⅳ) when pE

ObjectiveTo obtain the occurrence time and regional distribution characteristics， place of occurrence， high-risk food and risk factors， the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus from 2010 to 2020 in China’s Mainland was analyzed.MethodsThe data of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were collected from China disease outbreak surveillance system from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed statistically.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， a total of 1 772 outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were reported， with a total of 27 212 cases， 5 944 hospitalized cases and 2 deaths. The peak time was from July to September. The incidence in developed areas （28.8 cases/million people） was higher than that in underdeveloped areas （8.2 cases/million people）， and the incidence in coastal areas （31.7 cases/million people） was higher than that in inland areas （9.2 cases/million people）. The main causes were aquatic food （61.2%） and meat （25.3%）. Hotels and restaurants accounted for 49.6% of the total. The main contamination links were incomplete cooking of aquatic food and raw and cooked cross-contamination of ready-to-eat meat and vegetable food.ConclusionIn order to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus， it is important to strengthen the supervision of processing and storage of aquatic food and meat in catering service places.

An analytical method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-TQ-MS/MS) was established for the simultaneous determination of 10 flavor precursors and 21 free amino acids in black garlic. The method was applied for exploring the changing pattern of characteristic components in black garlic during processing. The results showed that the characteristic components in black garlic changed significantly during processing at 75 ℃ and 85% relative humidity. Among them, γ-aminobutyric acid, S-allyl-L-cysteine, isoalliin, glutamine, methiin, alliin, tryptophan, and γ-L-glutamyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine changed most obviously, and were identified as the chemical markers of changes in small molecular metabolites during the processing of black garlic. The established method has high sensitivity and accuracy, and can meet the detection requirements.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as the substances with strong reactive activity, mainly include hydroxyl radicals (·OH), superoxide anion radicals (·O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Abnormal concentration of reactive oxygen species in mammals can cause serious diseases such as diabetes, cancer, tumors and some neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, an increasing interest in the detection of ROS and issues was focused on and the consideration of the development of ROS detection sensors (e.g., biocompatibility, stability of the detection method, variability of different types of ROS, etc.) were raised. In the past, electrochemical sensors based on natural enzymes have been developed, but the drawbacks of natural enzymes such as complicated preparation, difficult purification, poor catalytic activity and stability, which limit their research and application. In recent years, numerous studies have found that nano-mimetic enzymes have unique enzyme-like properties such as catalytic activity, selectivity and stability, which can be widely used to construct electrochemical biosensors for the detection of reactive oxygen species. Recent nano-mimetic enzyme sensors for the detection of ·O2-, H2O2 and ·OH were focused in this paper, which are used in the field of life sciences to prevent related diseases in advance through the detection of reactive oxygen species, and can be used in the field of environmental pollution prevention and control for the quantitative detection of reactive oxygen species content.

Objective: This study aimed to purify crude polyphenols from wormwood and to study inhibitory activity of its against α-glucosidase. Methods: The adsorption-desorption properties of wormwood polyphenols by seven kinds of macroporous resins were studied. The suitable resin for separating and purifying Wormwood polyphenols was obtained and the purification parameters were optimized. Using different concentration ethanol solution for dynamic elution, the inhibitory activity of different elution fractions on α-glucosidase was investigated. Results: The results indicated that D101 resin was a suitable material for purifying wormwood polyphenols and the macroporous resin reached equilibrium within 120 min. The optimal conditions for purifying wormwood polyphenols were as follows, crude polyphenol 1.5 mg/mL, pH 2.0, flow velocity of 1.5 mL/min, and 60% ethanol was used as the eluent with the elution flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The purity of polyphenols increased from 21.42% to 69.19% after purification by D101 resin, which was enhanced 3.23 times. Different elution components were obtained by using different concentration ethanol as eluents, respectively. The 60% ethanol elution fraction that contained isoquercitrin, phloridzin and rutin had the best inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase activity. Conclusion: wormwood polyphenols have good development prospects for hypoglycemic effect.

Three humic acids(AHA, YHA, and EHA) from different origin were characterized by elementary analysis, UV-Vis and FTIR spectra, and the functional groups were determined by chemical titration. The effects of pH, time, temperature, and ionic strength on the complexation of three HAs with U(Ⅵ) were investigated systematically. Meanwhile, the interaction of U(Ⅵ) with three HA models in aqueous phase was studied by means of molecular dynamics(MD) simulations, and the dynamics, coordination structures, and interaction mechanism were further explored. The experimental results show that the elemental composition and functional group types of three HAs from different origin are basically similar, with strong aromaticity and conjugated double bonds, but slight differences can be also observed between them. The low H/C atom ratio, high acidity, and high content of functional groups indicate that YHA has high humification degree, high conjugation or aromatic composition, and strong metal complexation ability. The complexation behavior of three HAs with U(Ⅵ) are significantly different, which is substantially affected by pH, time, temperature, and ionic strength. MD simulations demonstrate that the complexation of single HA with U(Ⅵ) can be completed in a short time, and the main binding sites are carboxyl groups. The coordination structures formed by HAs with U(Ⅵ) in aqueous solution have quite differences, and the main driving force is electrostatic interaction. The results reported here are beneficial to further understanding the chemical behavior of uranium in the presence of HA, and provide data and reference for the geological disposal and safety evaluation of radioactive wastes.

Optimizing insulation technique plays a vital role in developing high performance magnetic powder core. Uniform dense titanium dioxide insulation layer was successfully coated on atomized Fe-Si-Al powder through hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate and the effect of water content on insulation quality was systematically investigated. The influences of titanium oxide insulation layer on electromagnetic properties of corresponding powder cores were also discussed. The results show that when the mass of water is increased from 10% to 40% of Fe-Si-Al powder, the insulation layer on particle surface first grows thicker and then becomes loose. High water content favors quick hydrolysis and condensation, while too large volumes of water leads to excessively high hydrolysis rate, which is adverse to the uniform growth and crystallization of titanium dioxide insulation layer. It is proven that uniform and dense insulation layer would contribute to the increase of resistivity under the premise of high density of powder core, which is conducive to the suppression of eddy current and frequency stability of permeability. When the mass of water is 20% of Fe-Si-Al powder, the prepared corresponding powder core has the optimal overall performance, the permeability is as high as 82, the resistivity is up to 1022.35 kΩ·cm and the core loss is as low as 77.63 mW/cm3 (at 100 kHz and 50 mT).

The development of energy storage devices that can withstand large and complex deformation is crucial for emerging wearable electronic devices. At present, hydrogels made of conductive polymers have achieved the fusion of high conductivity and versatility during processing. A simple two-step copolymerization method was used to successfully construct a hydrogel supercapacitor with a rich microporous structure: polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and polyacrylamide(PAM) form a double cross-linked network hydrogel, which endows rigid polymer aniline with flexibility. In addition, polyacrylamide improves the mechanical strength of polyaniline-based hydrogels, making polyaniline-based(NPP)hydrogels have good mechanical and electrochemical properties, and the tensile strength and specific capacitance are 0.3 MPa and 269.12 F·g-1 under 1 A·g-1, respectively. The addition of polyaniline(PANI) reduces the internal resistance of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide double cross-linked network hydrogel(PP) electrode, and its modified resistance value is 39.184 Ω, which makes the NPP hydrogel realize higher electron transmission capacity. The flexible development and integration of such hydrogels provide an alternative strategy of energy systems for diverse applications such as supercapacitors.

The purpose of this article is to identify the characteristics and research progress of resting-state EEG microstates in patients with schizophrenia， in order to provide references for clinical research of schizophrenia from the perspective of neuroelectrophysiology. In September 2022， literature was retrieved from CNKI， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and PubMed database， and 27 studies meeting the requirements were finally included. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia show increased presence of microstate class C and decreased presence of microstate class D in resting-state recordings， and the two commonly EEG microstate classes have been suggested as a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia. Although the correlation between psychiatric symptoms and resting-state EEG microstate abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia remains unclear， the altered resting-state EEG microstates in patients before and after treatment have undoubtedly validated its clinical significance.

In order to study the feasibility of mine DC quadrupole device in advance detection of tunneling roadway, a 3D geoelectric model of roadway advance detection is established, and ANSYS is used to simulate quadrupole device for data acquisition; the ratio method is used to eliminate the influence of interference factors such as roadway and device, and the collected data without the influence of roadway is compared with the collected data; three full space geoelectric models are established to study the response of quadrupole device to different abnormal body positions, and the response characteristics of quadrupole device to low resistance abnormal body are obtained; the practicability of this method is illustrated by an engineering example. The research results show that the ratio method can eliminate the influence of the roadway on the abnormal body, and realize the advance detection of the roadway with the quadrupole device. It is feasible to use the quadrupole device to collect data in the advance detection of the roadway.

How to improve the thermal performance of exhaust airflow heat recovery system of mine fan diffuser is a frontier problem in green mine technology. In order to solve this problem, based on finite-time thermodynamics, the air heat pump used to improve the heat and humidity energy grade of exhaust air was used to obtain the cycle equations of ininvertible temperature and heat source, and the analytical expression of exergy profit rate about ambient temperature was derived and the expression of dimensionless exergy profit rate was defined. Used this expression and combined with the actual working conditions in period of the most difficult supply, the exergy profit rates of 6 cities are compared by every day and every hour. The results show that the suitable region of exhaust airflow heat recovery system is characterized by climate division. Especially, this system is suitable for temperate continental climate areas. In the subtropical monsoon climate areas, the change curve of exergic profit margin function in a single day is similar to the shape of “M”, and it is implacable that the revenue generated in the operation of exhaust airflow heat recovery system should be unstable. To avoid losses caused by continuous operation, it is necessary to formulate the start-stop strategy of heat recovery system, and a start-stop control method is proposed, and the benefits of the system throughout the application are calculated numerically. By comparison, the economic return is significantly improved after adopting this control method, and the maximum dimensionless exergy profit rate can be increased from -0.33 to 0.02, by an increment of 0.35.

【Objective】 The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of soil matrix potential (SMP) regulation at different growth stages on the physiological characteristics and yield of spring sown Carthamus tinctorius L. 【Method】 Three SMP thresholds, i.e.,W1(-20 kPa),W2(-30 kPa) and W3(-40 kPa) were set at the elongation period + branching period (A), and elongation period + branching period + flowering period (B), with SMP of -50 kPa at 0.2 m soil depth below the emitter as the CK. At the flowering period, photosynthetic parameters such as the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and intercellular CO2 concentration of Carthamus tinctorius L. leaves were measured. At the same time, the physiological indexes such as chlorophyll, soluble protein, malondialdehyde and relative conductivity of Carthamus tinctorius L. leaves were measured. The flower yield of Carthamus tinctorius L. were counted after harvest. 【Result】 The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and total chlorophyll content of W1B and W2B treatments reached the maximum, in which W1B increased by 37.1%, 60.0%, 44.6% and 34.1% respectively compared with CK, and W2B increased by 39.6%, 57.7%, 42.8% and 38.8% respectively compared with CK; The soluble protein content of W1B treatment was the largest, which was 43.8% higher than that of CK. The malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity of W1B and W2B were the lowest. The malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity of W1B were 25.0% and 19.0% lower than CK, and W2B was 20.8% and 18.3% lower than CK, respectively; The flower yields of W1B and W2B were the highest, which were 65.8% and 57.1% higher than CK respectively. 【Conclusion】 W1B and W2B treatments had the best photosynthetic characteristics, the highest total chlorophyll content, the lowest malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity, and the highest flower yield. Therefore, maintaining the lower limit of soil matrix potential at -20 kPa or -30 kPa at spring sown Carthamus tinctorius L. elongation period, branching period and flowering period has the highest yield potential. In consideration of water conservation, it is recommended to maintain the lower limit of soil matrix potential at -30 kPa.

Objective To construct the fluorescence-labeled Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) to study the pathogenesis of the interaction between the bacteria and host cells. Methods Gene recombination technique was carried out to recombine the green fluorescent protein (GFP), red fluorescent protein (RFP) and blue fluorescent protein (BFP) genes into the prokaryotic expression vector pUCP28T, respectively, in order to obtain the fluorescence-labeled B. pseudomallei. Furthermore, the biological characteristics of fluorescence-labeled bacteria were detected in bacterial culture in vitro, and inflammatory factor IL-8 was detected to evaluate the changes in the ability of fluorescence-labeled bacteria infecting host cells. Then, the dynamic process of fluorescent-labeled B. pseudomallei being enveloped by host cell autophagosome was observed with aid of living cell workstation. Results Three fluorescence-labeled B. pseudomallei were constructed respectively, and were stably expressed in 20 passages in vitro. The expression of exogenous fluorescent proteins did not affect the growth of B. pseudomallei and infection of host cells. Meanwhile, the dynamic changes of co-localization between RFP-labeled B. pseudomallei and GFP-LC3 were observed by live cell imaging system. Conclusion Three different fluorescence-labeled B. pseudomallei are successfully constructed. And they are important practical tools for the pathogenesis of the bacteria and the screening of antimicrobial agents of melioidosis.

Objective: To evaluate the uncertainty of the determination of thiocyanate in cheese by inhibition conductance ion chromatography. Methods: The content of thiocyanate in cheese was determined by inhibition conductance ion chromatography and a mathematical model was established. The source of uncertainty introduced in the process of the experiment was described, and the synthetic uncertainty was calculated for each uncertainty component. Results: The determination of thiocyanate was （10.2±0.56） mg/kg, k=2, p=95%. Conclusion: The uncertainty in the measurement process mainly comes from the concentration of thiocyanate in the test solution, followed by sample recovery and repeatability experiments.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the food exposure risk of ochratoxin A （OTA） in Zhejiang Province， China.MethodsA representative of 518 samples （five food categories including 24 kinds of food stuffs） were examined from 2018 to 2019 in order to evaluate the occurrence of OTA in Zhejiang Province. Food consumption data was collected from the Food Consumption Survey of Zhejiang Province between 2015 and 2016.ResultsOTA was only detected in grains and related products， but was not detected in fruits， tea， puffed foods and infant cereals. The higher incidence was found in oats and related products （16.1%，5/31）； the OTA levels of positive samples ranged from 0.53 to 4.00 μg/kg； and the maxium value of 4.00 μg/kg was found in oats and related products； no samples exceeded the limit set by China （5 μg/kg）. Exposure assessment showed that in most consumption scenarios， OTA probable daily intake for eating grains and related products were 0.004-7.360 ng/kg BW， less than OTA safety exposure value of 14 ng/kg BW； the highest OTA exposure value was 19.627 ng/kg BW and represents 140.19% of the safe intake. The 1-6 years old age group had the highest daily intake of 0.014-34.644 ng/kg BW， representing 0.10%-247.46% of the safe intake. The main food source of OTA was rice with a contribution rate of 87.22%-98.32% among different scenarios.ConclusionsThe OTA intakes through grains and related products consumption by Zhejiang population do not raise safety concerns except a few high intake groups， especially young consumers.

ObjectiveTo explore the differential expression of messenger RNA （mRNA） in myocardial tissues of rats with sudden coronary death （SCD）, and to provide ideas for the forensic identification of SCD.MethodsThe rat SCD model was established, and the transcriptome sequencing was performed by next-generation sequencing technology. Differentially expressed genes （DEGs） in myocardial tissues of SCD rats were screened by using the R package limma. A protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2 on DEG, and hub genes were screened based on cytoHubba plug-in. Finally, the R package clusterProfiler was used to analyze the biological function and signal pathway enrichment of the selected DEG.ResultsA total of 177 DEGs were associated with SCD and were mainly involved in the renin-angiotensin system and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The genes including angiotensinogen （AGT）, complement component 4a （C4a）, Fos proto-oncogene （FOS） and others played key roles in the development of SCD.ConclusionGenes such as AGT, C4a, FOS and other genes are expected to be potential biomarkers for forensic identification of SCD. The study based on mRNA expression profile can provide a reference for forensic identification of SCD.

ObjectiveTo explore the mRNA differential expressions and the sequential change pattern in acute myocardial infarction （AMI） mice.MethodsThe AMI mice relevant dataset GSE4648 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO）. In the dataset， 6 left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were selected at 0.25， 1， 4， 12， 24 and 48 h after operation in AMI group and sham control group， and 6 left ventricular myocardial tissue samples were selected in blank control group， a total of 78 samples were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were analyzed by R/Bioconductor package limma， functional pathway enrichment analysis was performed by clusterProfiler， protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed by STRING database and Cytoscape software， the key genes were identified by Degree topological algorithm， cluster sequential changes on DEGs were analyzed by Mfuzz.ResultsA total of 1 320 DEGs were associated with the development of AMI. Functional enrichment results included cellular catabolic process， regulation of inflammatory response， development of muscle system and vasculature system， cell adhesion and signaling pathways mainly enriched in mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. The key genes of AMI included MYL7， TSC22D2， HSPA1A， BTG2， NR4A1， RYR2 were up-regulated or down-regulated at 0.25-48 h after the occurrence of AMI.ConclusionThe functional signaling pathway of DEGs and the sequential expression of key genes in AMI may provide a reference for the forensic identification of AMI.

Most coalbed methane reservoirs in China are of low porosity, low permeability and with extensive structural coals, which is difficult to be reformed, resulting in low single well gas production and recovery rates.It is the the key target for the development of coalbed methane industry to choose high efficiency reservoir and well reconstruction technology to effectively improve low efficiency wells.This paper systematically dissects the reasons for low production under the influence of "geological reservoir conditions, engineering construction reforms and drainage management control", summarizes the related technologies and application effects of the secondary reconstruction of coalbed methane wells, and provides suggestions for targeted reforms of different types of low-efficiency wells.The secodary reconstructable low-yield factors in coalbed methane wells include insufficient fractures propagation, fractures/pipe coal fines blockage, and limited pressure drop area.During secondary reconstruction, the distribution of coal structure, primary fracture morphology, reservoir permeability, variations of gas and water production, and applicability of drainage equipment need to be considered.The secondary reconstruction technology covers physical, chemical, microbial, and other methods.Secondary hydraulic fracturing, indirect fracturing, and anhydrous fracturing in physical methods, as well as acidification and permeability increasing technology and foam acidification in chemical methods are widely used.In secondary reconstruction, the reservoir adaptability of the reconstruction technology should be analyzed based on the geological conditions, primary reconstruction results, engineering and drainage status, and the purpose of secondary reconstruction should be determined based on the engineering drainage situation.In the secondary reconstruction, re-damage of the reservoir should be avoided to achieve effective transformation and improve the coalbed methane production from single well and well patterns.

ObjectiveTo investigate the contamination levels of nitrate and nitrite in imported cheese products from the Chinese market and assess the health risk of nitrate and nitrite exposure among Chinese adult cheese consumers.MethodsBased on the content of nitrate and nitrite in imported cheese products sold in China and the consumption data of cheese food of Chinese residents in 2012， the exposure of dietary nitrate and nitrite of adult cheese consumers in China was estimated by probabilistic assessment method. The exposure results were compared with the acceptable daily intake （ADI） for nitrate directed by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives （JECFA） and the ADI for nitrite directed by the European Food Safety Authority （EFSA）.ResultsAmong 162 imported cheese samples， the detection rate of nitrate was 89.5%， and the average contamination levels was 11.23 mg/kg. The nitrite was detected in only 2 samples， with concentrations of 0.4 and 0.6 mg/kg. The average pollution level of nitrate in different kinds of imported cheese products from high to low was soft cheese， semi-hard cheese， other kinds of cheese and hard cheese. The average exposure of nitrate from imported cheese in Chinese adult was 5.13 μg/kg BW/d， accounting for 0.14% of ADI， and that of high exposure group （P95） was 20.06 μg/kg BW/d， accounting for 0.55% of ADI.ConclusionThe detection rate of nitrate in imported cheese products is relatively high， and the content of different types of imported cheese products is different， while the detection rate of nitrite is very low. The health risk of Chinese adult exposed to nitrate through imported cheese is low.

ObjectiveTo establish a method for the determination of arsenic compounds in poultry food by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（HPLC-ICP-MS）.MethodsThe sample was microwave assisted extracted by 10% methanol and 1% nitric acid．Ten arsenic compounds were separated by DIonexIonPac As7（4 mm×250 mm） anion exchange column with 0.5-200 mmol/L ammonium carbonate for gradient elution.ResultsThe linear ranges for 10 arsenic compounds were between 1-20 μg/L with the linear coefficients（r） more than 0.999 0，and the detection limits of the method were between 0.24-0.80 μg/kg. The relative standard deviations （RSDs） of precision ranged from 1.0% to 5.7%. The recoveries were 83.77%-114.21% in chicken and beef substrate， spiked with the three levels.ConclusionWith high sensitivity， simplicity for pretreatment， good reproducibility and accuracy， the method was suitable for the determination of ten arsenic compounds in poultry food.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of carcinogenic infection in people infected with HIV and those with negative HIV test results in VCT clinics. To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and provide scientific basis for more targeted disease prevention and control strategies.MethodsThe serum levels of Epstein-Barr virus （EBV）， human herpesvirus type 8 （HHV-8） and human T-lymphotropic virus type Ⅰ （HTLV-Ⅰ） antibodies were detected by ELISA method in 224 HIV-infected patients and 480 HIV-negative visitors treated in VCT clinics during the same period from 2014 to 2017， to compare the differences in the infection rates of this virus between HIV-infected and HIV-negative individuals and to systematically analyze the correlation between viral infections and high-risk sexual behavior.ResultsAmong the 224 HIV-infected patients， 79 were positive for EBV antibody， with the infection rate of 35.27%； 151 were positive for HHV-8 antibody， with the infection rate of 67.41%； and 95 were positive for HTLV-Ⅰ， with the infection rate of 42.41%. A total of 480 HIV negative visitors were tested. 7 patients were positive for EBV antibody， with the infection rate of 1.46%. 26 patients were infected with positive HHV-8 antibody， with the infection rate of 5.41%. 9 patients had positive HTIV-Ⅰ antibody， with the infection rate of 1.86%. The infection rates of the three carcinogenic viruses in HIV-infected patients were all higher than those in HIV-negative groups， and the differences were statistically significant （P

BackgroundThe kilowatt reactor using stirling technology (KRUSTY) is a heat-pipe-cooled reactor experimental system that uses a Stirling engine to convert thermal energy to electricity, it is the only one published experimental data for heat-pipe-cooled reactor systems. The KRUSTY experimental data under different working scenarios include the cold startup and load change processes, heat pipe failure, reactivity insertion, and heat sink loss.PurposeThis study aims to validate the self-developed system transient analysis code named TAPIRS-D for the heat-pipe-cooled reactor concept using KRUSTY experimental data.MethodsFirstly, an in-house system code for a heat-pipe-cooled reactor named TAPIRS-D was introduced, with the main theoretical module briefly explained, including the reactor power calculation module, heat transfer module for fuel assembly, and heat pipes. Then, the TAPIRS-D was applied for the first time to the simulation of the key processes of the KRUSTY prototypic reactor test under normal operation and accident conditions. Finally, comparison between the simulation data and experimental data was conducted for the validation of this analysis code.ResultsComparison results demonstrate that the maximum relative prediction error for the fuel temperature is less than 2%, and the reactor power average prediction error is less than 10%.ConclusionsThe prediction trend of the numerical simulation by TAPIRS-D fits well with the experimental data on key parameters such as core power and the temperature of fuel and heat pipes, which indicates that TAPIRS-D is well developed and is capable of conducting safety analysis for heat pipe cooled reactor concepts. The validation of this system analysis code provides a good reference for other newly developed system codes for heat pipe reactors.

BackgroundLoss of Coolant Accidents (LOCAs) is a crucial research topic for nuclear reactor safety analysis, and understanding the thermal–hydraulic behavior of the rod bundle channels during the reflooding stage of a LOCA is essential.PurposeThis study aims to develop theoretical models of the reflooding stage in addition to providing benchmark data for evaluating the safety analysis code for LOCAs in a reactor and for the design of the residual heat removal system.MethodsA series of bottom reflooding tests were conducted on a 5×5 rod bundle in the film boiling test facility at the nuclear safety and operation laboratory (NUSOL) of Xi'an Jiaotong University using uniformly heated rods. The experimental results were analyzed in detail, and the surface parameters of the heated rod bundle were obtained by solving a one-dimensional transient inverse heat conduction problem. The effects of different experimental conditions on the velocity of the quench front propagation were investigated. Furthermore, the experimental results were compared and calculated using the thermal safety analysis code, and the problems with the thermal safety analysis code RELAP5 reflooding simulation are summarized.ResultsOur results indicate that a high inlet flow rate, high inlet subcooling degree, and low power density are favorable for the propagation of the cold front during the reflooding process. Additionally, the root mean square (RMS) error of the simulated quench time and peak cladding temperature (PCT) are 40.994 s and 61.465 K, respectively. However, the simulation results have a relatively large error compared with the experimental results in the post-critical heat flux (CHF) heat transfer stage, primarily owing to the issues with the boiling mode judgment and membrane boiling heat transfer model.ConclusionsThe experimental data of this study can serve as new verification data for flow and heat transfer prediction models during the reflooding process; it can also be used to evaluate and optimize the thermal-hydraulic safety analysis code. Loss of Coolant Accidents (LOCAs) is a crucial research topic for nuclear reactor safety analysis, and understanding the thermal-hydraulic behavior of the rod bundle channels during the reflooding stage of a LOCA is essential.

Objective To investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the promotion of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods Wild type B6 (B6.WT) mice aged 6~8 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups and fed with normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD combined LPS injection (HFD+LPS), respectively. LPS (0111∶B4, 1.25 μg/g body weight) was injected intraperitoneally to the mice of the HFD+LPS group once a week, and normal saline of same amount was given to the mice of the other 2 groups. After 10 weeks' feeding, the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in the serum and liver tissue were detected by enzyme based assays. The lipid deposition in the liver was observed by oil red O staining. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL5, CCL2 and CCL4 in the serum and liver tissue were measured by ELISA. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL5, CCL2 and CCL4 in the liver tissue were detected by quantitative real time-PCR (RT-qPCR). The pathological changes of liver tissue and inflammatory cell infiltration were detected by HE staining. Infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils, and the expression of TLR4 in the liver tissue was analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) assay. Proportion of macrophages and neutrophils in the liver was assessed by flow cytometry. Results The serum levels of TG and TC were significantly higher in the HFD group than the ND group (P < 0.05). Their contents in the liver were markedly increased in the HFD+LPS group than the HFD group (P < 0.01). The mice from the HFD+LPS group had more obvious vacuolar degeneration of liver cells, infiltration of inflammatory cells, higher NAS score (P < 0.05) and larger number of infiltrated mononuclear cells (P < 0.01) when compared with the HFD group. IF assay and flow cytometry proved that HFD+LPS treatment induced significantly obvious infiltration of hepatic macrophages and neutrophil accumulation (P < 0.05). ELISA proved that HFD+LPS treatment increased serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, CCL5 and CCL2 (P < 0.05), elevated mRNA levels of IL-1β, CCL5 and CCL2 in the liver tissue (P < 0.05). IF revealed that TLR4 showed obvious cell membrane translocation in liver tissue after LPS treatment, and the co localization of TLR4 and macrophages showed that the expression of TLR4 on the surface of macrophages in HFD + LPS group was significantly higher than that in HFD group(P < 0.01). Conclusion LPS mediates intrahepatic infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils and aggravates the process of NASH in mice fed with HFD through upregulating TLR4 expression on macrophages to induce chemokines and inflammatory cytokines.

Natural enzymes are trace proteins produced by living cells in human body. It is precisely because of the existence of enzyme that the daily operation of organisms can be carried out orderly. At present, enzymes are used in many fields such as biomedicine, catalysis and detection. However, natural enzymes have many disadvantages, such as easy inactivation, poor stability, difficult synthesis, complex purification and high price, which hinder the large-scale application. In the past decades, as a new generation of artificial enzymes, nanomaterials mimic enzymes has gradually become a substitute for natural enzyme due to their high stability and good repeatability. Nanomaterial mimetic enzymes play an important role in many fields. The application of nanomaterial mimetic enzymes in the detection of O2·- and salvianolic acid in the field of electrochemical sensing was focused on in this paper, as well as in the detection of small biological molecules such as glutathione, glucose, cholesterol and H2O2, which can effectively detect the content of heavy metal salts and pesticides in the field of environmental pollution prevention and control, nanomaterials mimic enzymes can also prevent cancer, virus infection and other diseases by detecting specific sequences of DNA. Finally, it was expected that the future research of nanomaterials mimic enzymes will focus on the coupling between nanomaterials mimic enzymes, reaction mechanism, optimization of enzyme reaction environment and substrate selectivity, which will be the key research direction in the future.

At present, the ontology of coal mine field focuses on the prediction of accidents, and there is no ontology research for the operation safety of coal mine operating personnel. In order to detect the dangerous operation of operating personnel in time to provide safety warning for operating personnel, a method of ontology construction and safety rule reasoning for main types of work in coal mine is proposed. According to the actual production situation of coal mine, the information of operating personnel, apparatus, operating methods, location, environment, accidents and state in coal mine production is formally represented. The main types of work ontology of coal mine covering coal mining system, roadway heading system, electromechanical transportation, geological survey, ventilation gas, comprehensive dust prevention, coal preparation plant and other production systems is constructed by ontology language. According to the safety production regulations in the professional literature of coal mine field, the safety rules are formulated based on Jena custom rule grammar, and the reasoning of operation safety of operating personnel in the main types of work ontology of coal mine is realized based on the safety rules. The experimental results show that it is effective and feasible to judge the safety state of operating personnel based on the ontology of main types of work and safety rules, which provides an auxiliary guarantee method for coal mine safety production.

In the wind tunnel experiment, the existing CPU-based optical flow method takes too long to solve the velocity field of the fluorescent oil film, while the GPU-based optical flow method has the problem of insufficient utilization of GPU resources.To this end, a real-time measurement method of GPU fluorescent oil film motion path based on fluorescent oil film image segmentation and critical constraints is proposed.The fluorescent oil film time-series image is divided into blocks and processed in parallel according to the resources of the GPU, and the corresponding optical flow parallel computing strategy is created, that is, the advantages of the parallel pipeline architecture of the GPU and the shared memory are fully utilized to realize the optical flow calculation of each parallel block.At the same time, combined with the critical constraints between blocks, the number of iterative calculations is controlled by the iterative difference of the speed matrix of each block as a symbol.The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper is 2 789.5 times faster than the traditional CPU-based optical flow method under the condition of ensuring the calculation accuracy of the velocity field of the fluorescent oil film motion, and the average speed of the GPU optical flow method of the whole frame image is improved.10.09 times and the real-time solution speed can reach 90 frames per second.

Disulfide bond in protein is an important post translational modification and it is extremely essential for stabilizing the three dimensional structure of proteins, maintaining the correct folded conformation and regulating their biological activities. Therefore, disulfide bonds assignment is of importance to understand life process and to develop protein pharmaceutical. Mass spectrometry technology can serve not only as a means cleaving the disulfide bonds, but also as an analysis tool assigning disulfide bonds connectivity. As a fragmentation means, mass spectrometry has various of MS/MS fragmentation modes. As a detector, it has the advantages of high sensitivity and high accuracy for mass spectrometry information. With these merits, mass spectrometry could fulfill the desire in the characterization of disulfide bonds. This paper summarized the mass spectrometric methods for locating disulfide bonds in proteins or peptides, according to the medium where the disulfide bonds were broken and the cleavage mechanism. Two cleavage mediums (solution and gas phase) were divided. According to the cleavage mechanism, reduction/oxidation reaction using chemical reagents, electrochemical reduction based on electrode reaction, and post column reduction were classified, in which disulfide bonds were cleaved in solution and the mass spectrometer was mainly used as an analysis tool. Meanwhile, molecular collision fragmentation including CID and HCD, electrons capture fragmentation (ECD and ETD), photons absorption fragmentation (e.g. MALDI-ISD and UVPD), and cleavage based on ion ion reactions were summarized, in which disulfide bonds were cleaved in gas phase. For these methods, mass spectrometer was used not only as an analysis tool but also more importantly as a cleavage approach. This review included most disulfide bonds assignment methods and would facilitate bioinformatics related researchers to choose an appropriate mass spectrometric method. Additionally, at the end of this paper, several new challenges in the field of disulfide bond assignment were put forward such as the characterization of multiple disulfide bonds in a short peptide, insufficient study of the disulfide bond artifacts, and the new methods based on novel instruments like UVPD. Moreover, in terms of methodological study, it would be promoted by the development of the new ionization and fragmentation technique producing new kinds of characteristic ions and corresponding data processingtools emerged in the future. Through this review, it was expected to develop more effective mass spectrometric methods for disulfide bonds characterization.

According to the characteristics of time memory effect of initial velocity of gas bearing coal under the action of electric field, the experimental system of gas emission measurement is established to study the memory effect of different metamorphic degree and damage type of coal under electrostatic field. The experimental results show that the electrostatic field can increase the gas emission capacity of coal. With the increase of voltage, the initial gas emission speed increases first and then decreases, and reaches the maximum value under a certain characteristic voltage and the characteristic voltage of structural coal is larger than that of primary structural coal. Under the continuous load of 8 kV, the initial gas emission speed fluctuates up and down with the power on time, and the power is removed. After the field, the initial velocity of gas emission does not fall back to the state without power on, and the value of gas emission velocity is higher than the initial state, which has a certain time memory effect. The initial velocity of gas emission increases between 5% and 9% for anthracite coal after the electric field effect compared with that without electric field, and there is no obvious difference between the change of primary structural coal and structural coal;however, it is poor in the memory effect, the initial velocity of gas emission of coal with primary structure changes in 5%-8%, while that of structural coal changes in 13%-18%. The reason of time memory effect is that on the one hand, the coal surface is still in electrostatic state after the electrostatic field, and the electric traction force on the coal surface is stronger than that without power on, which causes the increase of gas adsorption and then acts on the gas emission; on the other hand, under the electric field, the coal will generate induced polarization charge to form the excitation electric field, which will continue to affect the gas emission after the loss of electric field to promote the desorption of coal gas.

[Purpose/Significance] To analyze the current status and trends of research in the field of micro-expression recognition at home and abroad, and to provide a reference for the research on micro-expression information representation of users in the field of library and intelligence. [Method/Process] The bibliometric-based research method revealed the research dynamics in the field of micro-expression recognition in the last decade, and analyzed the convergence trends, technical basis and difficult challenges of micro-expression recognition and information representation. [Result/Conclusion] Micro-expression datasets and micro-expression recognition technologies are current research hotspots; technical approaches, security ethics and database volume are major challenges for today's development; information transmission and information feedback are emerging research areas that can be developed in libraries and intelligence in the future, and areas such as meta-universe, privacy issues and technology-driven are future trends in the application of micro-expression recognition technologies.Keywords: micro-expression recognition; information representation; information transmission; information feedback; bibliometrics

【Objective】 Global warming would lead to soil temperature rising and alter the physical and biogeochemical properties of the soil. How these affect the growth and yield of crops remains largely absurd, and the purpose of this paper is to present an experimental study on the effect of soil warming on growth and yield of winter wheat in central China. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in 2012—2103 at a field in the Comprehensive Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences at Shangqiu. A heating pipeline buried 1.2 m deep warmed the whole soil profile, and the control was a site far away from the pipe (CK). Based on the horizontal distance from the pipe, we divided the topsoil into four warming zones: right above the pipe with the soil temperature increased by 8 ℃ (T8, compared to CK, same hereafter), 0.5 m away from the pipe with the soil temperature increased by 6 ℃ (T6), 1.0m from the pipe with the soil temperature increased by 4 ℃ (T4), 1.5 m from the pipe with the soil temperature increased by 2 ℃ (T2). In each treatment, we measured root growth and its traits, yield traits, water consumption and water use efficiency (WUE). 【Result】 The soil temperature peaked at 14:00 every day. Increasing soil temperature by 2.0 ℃ was beneficial to root growth, while over 4.0 ℃ would impede root growth. Most roots were found in the 0~40 cm of soil, with the root-length density in which accounting for more than 75% of the total root lengths from the tillering stage to the green stage over the soil profile. Soil warming boosted crop height and its leaf area index (LAI) after the greening stage, but slowed down crop growth at the late stages, especially in the high-temperature zones. Increasing soil temperature by less than 4.0 ℃ significantly increased grain and biological yields, the number of spikes, the number of spikes per spike, and the 1 000-grain weight. In contrast, increasing soil warming by more than 4.0 ℃ significantly reduced the yield traits. We found that soil warming also impacted water consumption (ET) and WUE, with the impact ranked in the order T2>CK>T4> T6> T8 for ET, and T2> T4>CK> T6> T8 for WUE, despite the insignificant difference between CK and T4. 【Conclusion】 Increasing soil temperature by 2.0 ℃ over the ambient temperature is beneficial to the yield and WUE of the winter wheat.

As an innovation-led, cross-disciplinary frontier field, the new network industry is crucial for promoting the innovation and application of the new-generation information technology as well as the integrated development of industrialization and informatization in China. It is also a powerful means for seizing dominance in emerging industries and economic growth. This study examines the development demand for new network technologies and elaborates on solutions for various application scenarios, highlighting its industrialization value. We made a detailed review of the macro development trend and the current technology application in the new network industry in China and abroad. We conclude the development ideas of China’s new network industry and study the key development directions of related industries. Then, we propose specific development goals for each subdivision in the short-, medium-, and long-term phases. The study shows that a new network industry strategic planning system and cutting-edge basic theory innovation research are urgently needed for China’s new network industry. The key technology directions for this industry includes new network architecture and basic theory, ultra-low latency/deterministic latency network, network operating system, cloud–network convergence, and programmable network.

Due to its functional、nutritional and ornamental characteristics,the special colored grains are increasingly favored and become an important direction of high-end crop industry.These natural pigments can not only increase the color of food,but also have special functions such as antioxidant,anti-cancer,and improving vision etc.This paper focuses on the biosynthesis,main functions and related products of anthocyanins,tricin and carotenoids in special color crops,and then focuses on wheat,an important food crop,and introduced two newly cultivated pigments functional wheat including “Shannong lanmai 1” and“Shannong 101”.This paper provides a reference for the research and variety creation of special color crops.

Objective To assess the safety and feasibility of incision in the retroauricular sulcus for removal of benign tumors in the lower pole of the parotid gland and to provide some ideas for aesthetic consideration of parotidectomy. Methods In total, 18 cases with benign tumors of the lower pole regions of the parotid gland were included in this study, including 9 pleomorphic adenomas, 2 myoepitheliomas, 5 Warthin tumors, 1 basal cell adenoma and 1 oncocytoma. Three months after the operation, facial paralysis and salivary fistula were assessed. A visual analog scale was used to score the cosmetic satisfaction of the surgical incision. Tumor recurrence was followed up 6 ~ 12 months after operation. Results In 18 patients with benign tumors the lower pole regions of the parotid gland, the tumor diameter ranges from 1.0 to 3.1 cm, with an average value of 2.5 cm. All patients experienced successful complete removal of the parotid mass with the minimally invasive retroauricular approach, and all wounds healed in one stage after operation. No serious complications, such as permanent facial paralysis and tumor recurrence, occurred 3 months after the operation. The patients were satisfied with the appearance of the surgical incision (aesthetic score 9.3 ± 0.4), achieving the expected aesthetic effect. Conclusion This approach is feasible and safe for most small benign parotid tumors located in the lower pole region of the parotid gland and in the posterior region of the jaw. The scar is located in the retroauricular sulcus, which significantly meets the aesthetic needs of the concealed incision for patients.

During the epidemic of COVID-19, the routine clinical treatment for gynecological cancer patients has been disturbed due to the redistribution of medical resource. Due to the systemic immunosuppression caused by the malignancy and anticancer treatments, gynecological cancer patients are more susceptible to COVID-19. With the improvement of the epidemic, the treatment needs of gynecological cancer patients are extremely strong. During this special period, it should carefully identify fever and respiratory symptoms of gynecological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy and operations. Therefore, it is quite necessary to carry out comprehensive clinical management. We introduce a clinical management of gynecological cancer patients in three aspects of outpatient, in-hospital and out-of-hospital management during this period, in order to maximize the treatment of tumors and effectively prevent COVID-19.

By analyzing research status of power system, positioning system, environmental monitoring system and communication system of mine detection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) at home and abroad, the problems of mine detection UAV were pointed out, such as insufficient cruising power, poor positioning accuracy, weak information perception ability and poor information data transmission performance. For the above problems, the development trends of mine detection UAV were prospected: ① Application of new energy or new power supply technology, the whole power management system is optimized in a more efficient and reasonable way to detect power consumption of electric equipment in real time, improve power efficiency and enhance endurance time of detection UAV, and meet explosion-proof performance. ② Development of UAV cluster system based on collaborative navigation search, the hybrid UAV cluster control structure overcomes the shortcomings of poor communication reliability and low search efficiency in distributed structure and solves the problems of weak robustness and autonomy in centralized structure; the system can improve the positioning accuracy and shorten the rescue time through mathematical optimization algorithm for information derivation and multi-UAV collaborative information fusion. ③ Design of UAV monitoring platform based on multi-sensor fusion technology, the multi-sensor information coordination and mutual fusion based on BP neural network algorithm can improve the UAV's perception ability to underground environment. ④ Application of multi-UAV chain wireless Mesh networking mode, when multi-UAVs search in underground environment, the information collected by each UAV is local area information， all UAVs conduct information fusion and resource complementarity to update the environmental information status in real time through the chain wireless Mesh networking mode, so as to improve reliability of detection and rescue efficiency.

Primary cilia are organelles present on most mammalian cells that sense environmental changes and transduce signaling, and they are the key coordinators of various signaling pathways during tissue development. This article reviews the progress of research on the distribution of primary cilia in tooth development and the related signaling pathways. A literature review shows that in odontogenesis, primary cilia play an important role in the mutual induction of the epithelium and mesenchyme; during the continuous proliferation and differentiation of cells, the distribution of primary cilia is temporally and spatially dependent. Although the reason for this distribution is still unclear, some experimental evidence indicates that this phenomenon is compatible with the function of cells and tissues in which primary cilia are distributed. Primary cilia are involved in the regulation of two important signaling pathways, Hedgehog and Wnt, in odontogenesis. Genes encoding cilia (such as Kif3a, Evc/Evc2 and Ift) can affect the development of teeth by regulating these two signaling pathways, and there is an interaction between the two signaling pathways. Deletion of related genes (such as Ofd1 and Bbs) can damage the transmission of upstream and downstream signals by damaging the structure or function of cilia, thereby causing various types of dental dysplasia, including small teeth, enamel hypoplasia, missing teeth, or craniofacial deformities.

Traditional titanium implants are bioinert, and some biological properties, such as osteogenic and antibacterial properties, can be obtained by adding different trace elements to their surfaces. These trace elements can help enhance implant-bone binding and effectively prevent peri-implantitis. Different trace elements have different advantages, and different modification methods can also affect the biological properties. In this paper, the biological properties of titanium implant surfaces modified by trace elements were reviewed. The results of a literature review show that implant surfaces modified by fluoride, silver, zinc, manganese, etc. can inhibit the growth of bacteria and reduce the negative impact on normal cells from bacteria. Other elements, such as strontium, tantalum and cobalt, can promote the differentiation of osteoblasts on the surface of titanium implants, improve the activity of alkaline phosphatase, and improve the expression of osteogenic genes, thus increasing the amount of bone formation and enhancing the strength of implant-bone integration. Most elements have multiple properties, and the combined application of two or more elements can yield more biological properties than a single element. Since there are many trace elements in the human body, there is still a wide research space available in the field of the surface modification of dental implants by trace elements.

In order to achieve dynamic sealing in pressurized vessel considering non-leakage of harmful working medium,this study presents an optimal structure design of permanent magnetic coupling（ PMC）. For the optimization objective of increasing the torque transmission with limited magnetic material cost and decreasing the eddy-current loss of the magnetic coupling caused by the metal isolation cover,an improved partial swarm optimization method is designed to perform a multiobjective design optimization of the structure of PMC. After accurate computation,the optimal structure parameters of PMC are obtained. Then,a 3-D finite element model of PMC with the optimal structure is constructed to analyze the transmitted torque and eddy current loss,and an actual PMC device is manufactured for the non-leakage vessel application and the tested performance satisfies the technical demands,which provides theoretical reference for the PMC structural design in similar applications.