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[Objective] In recent decades, with the rapid industrial growth and urbanization in China, pollution incidents like oil spills and heavy metal contamination have become frequent. Under this background, accurate assessment of the entire pollution process and control of polluted sites are crucial steps in achieving pollution site remediation and restoration. [Methods] This study adopts an object-based perspective and a systematic analysis approach to describe the migration of pollutants from source to sink, emphasizing the environmental behavior during their migration. It abstractly represents contaminated sites and associated entities as spatiotemporal objects, focusing on pollutant concentrations and their attributes. It also explores the interrelationships among spatiotemporal objects from temporal, spatial, and attribute perspectives, as well as describes their dynamic influences. [Results] (1) Taking the real incident of an oil spill in 2014 as an example, an object-based representation model of the contaminated site was constructed using the XML structure. (2) A visualization method for expressing contaminated site objects has been established, which displays the interrelationships and attribute characteristics of various spatiotemporal objects. (3) Attempts to apply the respresentation model to conduct attribution analysis of pollutant concentrations have been made, allowing for the rapid acquisition of relevant calculation parameters for exposure assessment indicators, thereby facilitating more convenient health risk evaluations. [Conclusion] The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed object-based representation method can effectively describe and model contaminated sites, facilitating the comprehensive analysis and evaluation of pollution processes from source to sink. It provides significant support for the management and remediation of contaminated sites. Furthermore, the object-based representation method proposed offers practical guidance in addressing complex problems. By considering the research subject as an object and analyzing and expressing it from various aspects such as composition, attribute features, interrelationships, and behavioral dynamics, a better understanding of the internal relationships and interactions within the research object can be achieved, thereby providing a clear perspective for the analysis and evaluation of related issues.

In April of 1895, a group of Western women founded the Natural Feet Society in Shanghai. The Society condemned Chinese footbinding as a cruel and injurious practice and called for funds and friends to assist their movement and create public sentiment against footbinding. These elite women, or "memsahibs," whose husbands were diplomats, merchants, and other influential foreigners in late-Qing treaty-port communities, developed a secular anti-footbinding discourse which diverged from missionary discourses of the time. In so doing, these women created a social space for themselves through which they could participate in public life even far away from their homelands. However, unlike missionaries and indigenous reformers whose antifootbinding movements were initiated and backed by previously established organizational bases and networks, the Society (led by Alicia Little, wife of British merchant Archibald Little) encountered difficulties when mobilizing material and cultural resources and had to find its own niche in developing a secular and female oriented discourse. This article analyzes the strategies the Society used to compete and cooperate with local churches and the connections it employed to obtain influential support from both Western and Chinese male political and cultural elites. The convergence of and crossover between members of the Society and Chinese female reformers of the time is also discussed in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It's a pity the Gongyang theory in the late Qing Dynasty have seemingly been blow over for a long time. During the period of the Opium War, Gong Zizhen and Wei Yuan reformed the Gongyang theory, replied the urgent task in the time of an unprecedented national crisis, criticized the feudal despotism system, initiated reformation, proposed the opinion to learn from the West. At the end of 19th century, the new "Sanshi" which was from autocratic monarchy (the troubled times) to constitutional monarchy (peace times) to democracy republican (peace and tranquility) was presented by Kang Youwei who combined more the view of "Sanshi" and the bourgeoisie political theory and became the theory creed of the Reform Movement of 1898. It's a significant event and an accomplishment of the dynamic of Gongyang philosophy to integrate the progressive Gongyang theory with the searching of men of insights for saving the nation from extinction, and propelled effectively the cultural identification of Chinese people in the late Qing Dynasty.Today, the Gongyang theory is still important to consolidate the national reunification and to strengthen the national unity. This is the theory value of this project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reformers in late Qing dynasty were very concerned with "the declined nations" history. They used it to strengthen people' reforming awareness. During the WuXu Political Reform, books about "declined nations" history mainly emphasized changes innovation. But the books were too few and reactions were also extremely limited. After several dozens of those books were translated into Chinese and published since 1900, the social mode has experienced profound changes. However, the traditional historical mode of mirroring the past led to so much deeply limitations. The reformers generally used a specific historical case of the declined nations to justify their own present plans of political reform, as seen in the "Revolution," "Reformation," "Provincial Independence Movement, " Manchu Expelling Movement," and so on. Consequently, China's modernization manifest many more complexities to a certain extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the 1900s onward, we can observe a clear trend toward the “popularization” of Western learning in China. This process is seen not only in what I have called the turn-of-the-century movements to “bring knowledge to the people” and “enlighten the lower classes,” it is also apparent in the many textbooks and encyclopedias which flooded print markets beginning in the 1900s. This article aims to give a general introduction and analysis of both the authors/compliers and contents of these encyclopedias. In this paper, I divide encyclopedia compilers into four general groups: (1) diplomats and gentry elites; (2) reformers; (3) students in Japan; and (4) new-style literati. Although differences exist between these groups, there are also points of overlap, and some compilers even simultaneously belong within two or three of the categories. From each group, I have chosen one or two representative figures about whom we can find relatively complete and detailed materials, and have undertaken in-depth discussions about them. Ultimately, I hope to place these encyclopedists within a broader historical context as part of a larger analysis regarding both the transfer and accumulation of Western learning and the regional networks formed by intellectuals during the late Qing. Because the encyclopedias discussed in this article were compiled when the encyclopedia-form was still in its developmental stages, they evince shifting formats and contents, which make precise and/or general definition impossible. Similarly, the statuses and identities of encyclopedia authors/compilers are far from homogenous. However, despite differences in the political beliefs, levels of professional training, and career choices of these encyclopedists, they, as a group, inaugurated a new field of inquiry and activity for late Qing intellectuals, and the new book-form they produced created another possible path to enlightenment in modern China. With a thorough grasp of social trends and market demands, encyclopedists summarized Western learning of the past and established a deep, lasting, and ultimately invisible basis for new tendencies in thinking about science, democracy, gender equality, and the superiority of Western material culture which were to become popular during the May Fourth era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The system of rehabilitation centers (Zixinsuo) was first created in the tenth year of Emperor Qianlong's reign. Its original purpose was to detain thieves in order to rehabilitate them through education. This aim, similar to that of the West's new prison system, was a good one. However, because of political and judicial corruption since the reigns of Emperors Jia Qing and Daoguang, the rehabilitation centers gradually turned into black jails abused by corrupt yamen underlings to seek profits. In addition to thieves, large numbers of innocent people were falsely accused and detained, leading to seething resentment. Therefore, most centers were either closed or destroyed in war. In the late Qing Dynasty, through the advocacy of some local officials such as Zhang Zhidong, Huang Zunxian and Zhao Erxun, the centers gradually regained their original function and were set up all around the country; furthermore, they provided indigenous resources for the transformation of the late Qing prison system. From this study we conclude that the transformation of the late Qing prison system was not simply a transplant of the Western system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chen Hongshou (1599-1652) is among the most outstanding figure painters of the late Ming. He not only revived this genre by incorporating the past styles of Li Gonglin (1049-1106), Zhou Fang (act. 763-804) and Gu Kaizhi (ca. 344-405), but also created a new figural style. In the subject of shinu hua (paintings of women), he initiated a solitary, lofty, scholarly-like female figure style, which differed from the earlier languid, listless mode created by Tang Yin (1470-1524) and Qiu Ying (ca. 1509-1551). With regard to the meaning of his new female type, Chen had subverted the traditional guiyuan (complaint from the inner chamber) subject associated with paintings of women, turning the passive female figure who is an object of the male gaze into a more subjective individual prone to her own feelings and desires. In addition, he created images of woman as educator, recluse, and scholar, which was unprecedented. The late Ming trend of the rise of talented and beautiful women was also duly reflected in Chen Hongshou’s paintings of women in contrast to the depiction of women as attendants, servants and entertainers in the past. In the aspect of religious image, Chen fully explored the ambiguity of Guanyin (Avalokitesvara)’s gender identity and blurred the gender lines by giving “her” a man’s face. In all, it might signal Chen’s distrust of any possibility of religious redemption for himself and an increasing de-canonization and secularization of the late Ming in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of the Institute of Modern History, Academia Sinica (Zhongyang Yanjiuyuan Xiandaishi Yanjiusuo Jikan) is the property of Academia Sinica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Three-way concepts analysis, an effective tool for knowledge discovery, is a combination of three-way decision and formal concept analysis. Based on the connections between three-way concepts and formal concepts, the method of obtaining three-way concepts and the method of how to judge attribute characteristics are studied respectively from the perspective of pictorial diagrams. Inspired by the pictorial-diagrams-based acquisition methods of concepts (formal concept, object-oriented concept and property-oriented concept), and combining the connections between three kinds of concepts in combinatorial contexts and four kinds of three-way concepts, the definitions of combinatorial-property (combinatorial-object) pictorial diagram and property pair induced (object pair induced) three-way pictorial diagram are proposed. Then, the acquisition approaches to four kinds of three-way concepts are investigated by using the novel proposed pictorial diagrams. In addition, from the perspective of preserving the structure of the lattice, the general definitions of the reduction and attribute characteristics are given, attribute characteristics of an object induced three-way concept lattice are analyzed by discernibility matrix, and the judg-ment theorems of attribute characteristics are given based on property pair induced pictorial diagrams.

In order to design the modified cheongsam in line with the target consumer groups, nine design elements were selected from three aspects: sleeve type, garment length and hem, with 20 modified cheongsam stimulation maps were drawn, and 10 pairs of perceptual evaluation adjectives were selected. The subjective scores of consumers for different styles of improved cheongsam were obtained by questionnaire. Mean analysis and factor analysis were used to quantify perceptual evaluation. TOPSIS model was used to conduct decision-making comprehensive evaluation and analysis of various perceptual demands. The results show that the perceptual factors affecting the improved cheongsam style design are temperament factor, personality factor and appearance factor. The use of a decision-making comprehensive evaluation analysis method has practical application value for realizing personalized style customization of multiple perceptual needs.

ObjectiveTo evaluate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing laboratory confirmed influenza illness among children aged 6 – 59 months during 2011 – 2021, and to provide evidences for improving vaccination recommendation and policy-making. MethodsBased on a prospective influenza surveillance conducted at the Soochow University Affiliated Children′s Hospital in Suzhou city, Jiangsu province from October 2011 to May 2021, we conducted a test-negative case-control study. The participants of the study were selected from 5 554 influenza-like illness (ILI) and 7 737 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) outpatients/inpatients aged 6 – 59 months and with nasopharyngeal swab/sputum specimen test for influenza virus nucleic acid in the surveillance and influenza vaccination records of all the ILI and SARI patients were checked retrospectively. The cases of the study were influenza virus-positive ILI (n = 517) and SARI (n = 582) patients aged 6 – 59 months; the controls were 1 : 2 age- and clinic attending/hospital admission date-matched influenza virus-negative ILI/SARI patients. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of vaccination and VE were estimated using conditional logistic regression. ResultsThe vaccination records were available for 73.3% (9 747) of the registered patients and the observed vaccination rate was 1.79% (174/9 747). The overall VE for all the ILI/SARI patients was 36.8% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: – 4.7% – 61.9%); the VE was 26.7% (95% CI: – 34.8% – 60.2%) for the ILI and 53.1% (95% CI: – 17.0% – 81.2%) for the SARI. The VE were 28.9% (95% CI: – 31.2% – 61.5%) and 51.2% (95% CI: – 21.3% – 80.4%) for the patients aged 6 – 35 months and 36 – 59 months. The VE of partial vaccination and full vaccination for children aged 6 – 35 months were 21.6% (95% CI = – 65.1% – 62.7%) and 40.6% (95% CI = – 66.0% – 78.8%), respectively. ConclusionThe overall VE of influenza vaccination was 36.8% among 6 – 59 months old children, with a higher VE against SARI than that against ILI and a higher VE among the children aged 36 – 59 months than that among those aged 6 – 35 months. Full dose influenza vaccination provided better protection than partial dose vaccination for children aged 6 – 35 months.

Two different types of agglomerate and angular WC/Ni matrix composite coatings were deposited by laser cladding. The high temperature wear resistance of these composite coatings was tested with a ring-on-disc MMG-10 apparatus. The morphologies of the worn surfaces were observed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental composition. The results show that the high temperature wear resistance of the laser clad WC/Ni-based composite coatings is improved significantly with WC mass fraction increasing. The 60% agglomerate WC/Ni composite coating has optimal high temperature wear resistance. High temperature wear mechanism of 60% WC/Ni composite coating is from abrasive wear of low temperature into composite function of the oxidation wear and abrasive wear.

In 2011, three supplements to Shu Mu Da Wen were published in Mainland China. These supplements offer rich information on the different editions of Shu Mu Da Wen and therefore are of great value to the researchers of Chinese literatures. However, some problems exist in the supplements regarding the entries of Guo Yu. This paper discusses and corrects the errors based on existing editions of Guo Yu and related research. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

In view of problem that core temperature of cable joint cannot be measured directly, the paper applied finite element method to establish a model of steady temperature field distribution of cable joint, used ANSYS software to simulate and analyze the temperature field distribution, obtained the relationship between the core temperature and surface temperature of the cable joint. It proposed a design scheme of temperature monitoring system for cable joint based on temperature field according to simulation result, gave design of power supply and data processing of the system, so as to provide a theoretical basis for monitoring of joint temperature and running status of cable in engineering.

Within the massive collection of the newly published "Collected Anthologies of Qing Poems and Other Writings," one can discern the characteristics of the early, middle, and late Qing periods. Reflective of progressive thinking in the late Qing period are a set of writings by Gong Zhizhen (1792 to 1841) and Wei Yuan (1794 to 1857). The inclusion of their writings is an opportunity to understanding the politics, economics, military, and intellectual culture of their times. The first part of the article describes social transformations after the high Qing period of the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors. The second part describes Gong Zhizhen as a thinker in more detail. The third part describes Wei Yuan’s interest in Western knowledge. The fourth part discusses the position these two held in Qing dynasty.

This article presents a report on a symposium on the 110th anniversary of the Hundred Days Reform, sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Institute of Qing History of Renmin University of China in Beijing. Entitled "Hundred Days Reform and Social Change in the Late Qing Dynasty," the symposium was held on 11-12 October 2008. Over 30 scholars from Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Wuhan, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong presented 30 academic papers on history, politics, journalism, and other fields. The author summarizes the topics under the following categories: new perspectives on the study of the Hundred Days Reform, reasons for its failure, the relationship between the Hundred Days Reform and modern Chinese thought, research on historical figures relating to the Hundred Days Reform, and the future of new research. [ABSTRACT FROM CONTRIBUTOR]

Based on the green building evaluation in the construction phase of projects, combined with the current on-site management and technical level of green building in domestic construction projects, as well as the relevant contents in "Assessment Standard for Green Building", "Code for Green Construction of Building" and "Evaluation Standard for Green Construction of Building", this study analyzes the influencing factors of green construction and puts forward the green construction evaluation index system in the construction phase of construction projects. The objective weighting method (entropy weight method) and the subjective weighting method (AHP) are used to determine the weight of the combination of factors. The grey relational analysis theory is used to establish a green construction evaluation model for selecting construction projects with higher green construction level. The feasibility and operability of the green construction index system and evaluation model are demonstrated through the analysis of engineering examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In current research on multi-objective optimization of engineering projects, there is a lack of considerations on the relationship between schedule, cost, quality and safety levels. To address this deficiency, the cost-safety level optimization model was developed based on the analysis of the influencing factors of process safety level. The safety goal was introduced into the time-cost-quality optimization model to build equilibrium optimization model of time-cost-quality-safety. Secondly, this study introduces the quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) to improve the solution efficiency. Finally, simulation experiments are conducted with engineering examples to obtain a series of Pareto solutions for construction schedule, cost, quality and safety level. The results show that the obtained Pareto solution can provide effective supports for decision-making process. The quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization is effective in solving the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To improve the health care quality of children and adolescents through investigating blood pressure levels and the prevalence of hypertension in 6 ~ 17 years old children in Panlong district of Yunnan in 2010. Methods By the multistage stratified cluster and random sampling method, 260 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Panlong district of Yunnan province were selected. The questionnaire survey including questionnaire and physical examination such as height, weight, waist circumference and hypertension were used respectively for the survey. Recommended blood pressure reference cutoffs for Chinese boys and girls (mmHg) was used for evaluating the hypertension status. The prevalence of hypertension was calculated by statistics software. Results In Panlong district, the prevalence of hypertension was 1.9% in 6-17 years old children and adolescents (the prevalence of boys was 2.2%, and the prevalence of girls was 1.6%). There were 2 children with systolic hypertension, the prevalence of hypertension was 0.8%. There were 3 children with diastolic hypertension, the prevalence of hypertension was 1.2%. For Diastolic blood pressure: There were 3 children with high normal, accounted for 1.2%, 2 children with severe hypertension, accounted for 66.7%.The prevalence rates of emaciation, overweight and obesity were 2.1%, 11.7%, 10.0% respectively among the children and adolescents 7~17 years old. The prevalence rates of central Obesity was 20.8% among the children and adolescents 6-17 years old. Conclusions Hypertension in 6 ~ 17 years old children in Panlong District of Yunnan province should not be ignored. The hypertension of students has become an important issue which should be paid more attention to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Variety improvement of "Heiye" litchi by top grafting was conducted to provide the best scion combination for litchi quality improvement and growth period adjustment in Guangxi. [Method] Heavily retroactive pruned 13 years old "Heiye" Litchi tree, 12 litchi varieties such as "Feizixiao", "Guifeihong" and "Caomeili" were top grafting. Survival rate, growth and yield after top grafting were compared and analyzed. [Result] The results showed that the highest rate of graft living was "Feizixiao" (86.6%), then "Guihuaxiang" (74.6%" and "Guifeihong" (71.3%), and the lowest was "Yingshanhong" (17.1%) and "Jizhuili" (26.1%). "Guiwei","Wuheli","Qinzhouhongli" and "Heli" appear swelled in grafting position, grew weakly with yellow leaf blade and had no yield. Eight varieties, "Guifeihong", "Caomeili", "Guinuo", "Yingshanhong", "Jizuili", "Feizixiao" and "Mili", grew and produced fruit normally. The average yield per plant grafting after 4 years was around 15.0 to 49.5 kg. The highest was "Feizixiao" (49.5 kg "and the yield of "Guifeihong" was 40.6 kg. [Conclusion] With "Guiluo", "Yingshanhong", "Guihuaxiang" and "Mili" as scion grafted onto the intermediate stock of "Heiye", the affinity is good, hence they are the optimal scion combination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

T e FCA concept similarity computation method based on probability information content relied on the frequency of concepts in corpus, this method took only the occurrence probability as information content metric to compute FCA concept similarity, which made the accuracy of computing results was not high. In order to improve the accuracy of probability based method, this paper proposed a semantic information content based FCA concept similarity computation method. The method utilized the superordinate and subordinate semantic relationship of concepts to measure information content, which improved the accuracy of the generic and specific degree of concepts. Then it computed the semantic information content similarity on ISA hierarchy derived from ontology, which avoided the dependence of probability information content method on corpus. Finally, this method took semantic information content as a measure to compute the FCA concept similarity, and introduced a weighted bipartite graph construction method to improve the efficiency of similarity computation. Experimental results show that this semantic information content based FCA concept similarity computation method improves the accuracy of probability information content based method effectively without sacrificing time performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil-borne bag method was adopted to study the decomposition and nutrient dynamics of Sibiraea angustata leaf litter under different depths (0, 30 and 100 cm) of snow cover in western Sichuan plateau in January-May, 2010. In snow-free plot, the mass loss rate of the litter over the five months was 29. 9%; in the plots with 30 and 100 cm snow cover, the litter mass loss rate was 33. 8% and 35. 2%, respectively. During the decomposition, definite N enrichment in the litter was observed, while the P enrichment fluctuated. The C content and C/ N ratio of the litter decreased sharply at the early stage of decomposition, but increased gradually after then. Snow cover greatly contributed to the rapid decomposition of litter and the N enrichment in the litter, but had little effects on the litter C and P contents. In western Sichuan plateau, durable snow cover with a depth of >30 cm could alter the litter decomposition pattern, and substantially affect the soil nutrient turnover and plant community composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through modal analysis and wake excitation response analysis, the dynamic characteristics and resonance conditions of the enclosed impeller of a centrifugal compressor are studied. For wake excitation problem, excitation force simplified model is established based on aerodynamic calculation, and the harmonic response analysis method is given based on the harmonic analysis- method considering exciting force phase difference. The dynamic stress and dynamic amplification factor generating from wake excitation are computed. Based on IIW weld fatigue standard, the structural hot-spot stress of the impeller is calculated. The numerical simulation results show that the maximum stress produced by wake excitation may contribute more than 50% to the cut-off limit when the impeller rotates under a certain speed. The resonance conditions of triple point are validated, and its limitation is pointed out at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Finite element method and elastic-plastic analysis method are employed to carry out refined static strength analysis for a centrifugal compressor impeller. The concept of structural hot spot stress is introduced which is not sensitive to the mesh size. The strength criterion based on the structural hot spot stress is acquired, and the evolution of von Mises stress and equivalent plastic strain with time is analyzed. The numerical simulation results show that dealing with the pre-over loading on the impeller can expand the range of flexibly working of the material, reduce the level of impeller stress under the normal working condition effectively, and the pre-over loading techniques accord with the mechanical mechanism of the impeller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Prataculturae Sinica is the property of Acta Prataculturae Sinica Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (2097-2806) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Sino-Western Studies is the property of Sanovan Press, Nordic Forum of Sino-Western Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Xi'an Polytechnic University is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Xi'an Polytechnic University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

French Shanghai Daily (Le Journal de Shanghai) was founded in 1927 by Jean Fontenoy, the special commissioner of Agency Havas. It was funded by the French Chamber of Commerce. It was published for more than ten years and sold thousands of copies daily. French Shanghai Daily was not only circulated in the French concession of Shanghai, but also distributed to other French colonies. It was the most important French newspaper published in Republican China. French Shanghai Daily was rich in content and had a variety of columns. In addition to world news and financial information, it also included literature and art columns on weekends, serializing world literary masterpieces. From January 1934 to the end of that year, the newspaper's weekend supplement added a column entitled "Today's Chinese Literature" (La littérature chinoise d'aujourd'hui), which published the French translation of works by Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Chen Weimo, Wang Duqing, Rou Shi and other Chinese writers. These works were translated by Xu Zhongnian, a scholar who studied in France, who was responsible for the "Chinese Literature" column for La Nouvelle Revue Française in Paris. How did Xu Zhongnian translate modern Chinese literary works to readers in French Shanghai Daily? What were his translation strategies and achievements? And what kind of role did Xu play during the process of modern Chinese literature entering the world literary space? Although Xu Zhongnian's translation practice was not entirely unnoticed by scholars, his translation and introduction of modern Chinese literature in the French Shanghai Daily has attracted relatively little attention. Borrowing the point of view of the making of world literature, this paper examines the cultural connotation of Xu Zhongnian's transcultural translation practices during the early republic period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Harbour Engineering is the property of Editorial Office of China Harbour Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)