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In order to improve the surface quality of zirconia ceramic workpieces, the magnetic compound fluid polishing tool were utilized. This was done to lessen the material's surface roughness, minimize surface and subsurface damage. With a focus on the effects of magnet speed, processing gap, and abrasive particle size in the polishing fluid on surface roughness and material removal rate, a 3-factor, 3-level orthogonal test was created using Taguchi's method. The weights of each factor on the two evaluation indices were then analyzed using ANOVA. The best process parameter combination for surface roughness was 300 r/min for the magnet speed, 0.5 mm for the processing gap, and 1.25 μm for the abrasive particle size; the best process parameter combination for material removal rate was 400 r/min for the magnet speed, 0.5 mm for the processing gap, and 2 μm for the abrasive particle size. With these processing parameters, the surface roughness can reach up to 4.5 nm, and the material removal rate can reach up to 0.117 μm/min. The optimization effect is significant. The polishing prediction model was developed using a BP neural network that has been genetic algorithm optimized. The prediction error was 3.948 4%.

Objective To establish an automatic segmentation algorithm using convolution neural network, and to validate the consistency between the algorithm and manual segmentation. Methods One hundred andforty⁃six CT scans of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) were included from Chinese Intracranial Hemorrhage Image Database (CICHID). They were randomly divided into training set (n=90), testing set (n=26) and validation set(n=30). All CT scans were manual segmentation. Training set and testing set were used for algorithm training. The validation set was measured by four methods including manual segmentation, algorithm segmentation, accurate Tada formula and traditional Tada formula. The consistency test was performed. Results Compared with the Tada formula methods, the percentage error ofalgorithm values was the smallest 15.54 (8.41,23.18) %, and algorithm agreement with the manual reference was the strongest (correlation coefficient 0.983). Bland⁃Altman analysis showed that 93.33% of the data was within the 95% limits of agreement (95%LoA), and 95%LoA was narrow (⁃ 6.46-5.97 ml). No significant differences were found in size and shape (P > 0.05, for all). Conclusions The algorithm using convolutional neural network has a certain application prospect, but it needs still more validation in large sample research. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.07.005

Background Deep ⁃ seated clival varied malignancies represent a surgical challenge because of complex anatomy and surgical procedures posing great risks to adjacent neurovascular structures. To investigate effects of diagnosis and treatment of clival region lesions, review experience of individualized surgical procedures and comprehensive therapy. Methods and Results A total of 56 patients with clival malignancies from July 2007 to December 2018 were included. The patients mainly presented with headache and cranial nerve paresis. After multidisciplinary consultation, radical resection were performed in 45 cases different kinds of surgical approaches including endonasal (15 cases, 33.33% ), intraoral accompanied by intraoral and endonasal combined (7 cases, 15.56%), Derome (8 cases, 17.78%), maxillary swing (9 cases, 20% ), and infratemporal (6 cases, 13.33% ) approaches were chosen according to clinical and radiographic findings, and biopsies were performed in 11 patients to confirm the pathological diagnosis. The primary pathological finding was chordoma (28 cases, 50%). Total resection was achieved in 21 cases (46.67%), and 17 cases (37.78%) underwent subtotal resection. Besides, partial resection was performed in 7 cases (15.56% ). The complications developed in 28 patients, including cranial nerve deficits (13 cases, 23.21%), cerebrospinal fluid leakage (14 cases, 25%), intracranial infection (8 cases, 14.29%), pneumonitis (2 cases, 3.57% ), postoperative hematoma (2 cases, 3.57% ), and mental disorder (1 cases, 1.79% ). Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was provided by the oncologists depending on the pathological findings. The average follow⁃up was 59.90 months, but 8 patients (14.29%) were lost. The progression⁃free survival was achieved in 16 patients (28.57%), whereas the disease progression occurred in 13 patients (23.21%). The mortality was 33.93% (19/56). Conclusions Although malignancies occupy a larger subset of clival tumors, not all are needed to be radically resected. Our preliminary results suggest that multidisciplinary consultation is indispensable to clarify the therapeutic purpose and provide individualized surgical approaches. Postoperative comprehensive therapy may reduce the surgical complications and improve the outcomes of patients. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.008

Cushing's disease, also known as pituitary adrenocorticotrophin⁃secreting adenoma, is a rare and serious neuroendocrine disease. At present, the diagnosis of disease is mainly based on the patient's clinical manifestations, imaging examinations and endocrine ⁃ related examinations. With the development of imaging technology, the refinement of laboratory tests and the maturation of genomics technology, the diagnostic level of the Cushing's disease has improved significantly. This article will review recent research advances on the qualitative and localized diagnosis of Cushing's disease in clinical manifestations, biochemical detection, imaging diagnostics, molecular markers and genomics detection. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.006

Objective Metastatic carcinoma in sellar region is a rare disease. This article is to discuss the metastatic origin, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in sellar region, and to summarize the experience in diagnosis and treatment of disease. Methods and Results From January 2014 to October 2019, six patients with metastatic carcinoma in sellar region were confirmed by pathological examinations after endoscopic or microscopic transsphenoidal surgery. Four patients presented with mass effect in sellar region as the first manifestation, and 2 patients were associated with a history of malignant neoplasm. The common clinical manifestations were headache and visual disturbance. The lesions mainly involved cavernous sinus and pituitary gland. Three patients whose lesions involved adenohypophysis presented with pituitary hypofunction, of which 2 patients were diagnosed as non⁃functional pituitary adenoma on admission. Conclusions Presentations associated with metastatic carcinoma in sellar region can be the first manifestation of malignant neoplasm. Compared with pituitary adenomas, metastatic carcinoma in sellar region is more prone to present with diabetes insipidus and pituitary hypofunction. Relying solely on imaging diagnosis is relatively limited, and differential diagnosis should be considered in multiple aspects to reduce the misdiagnosis rate. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.009

Objective To review experience of diagnosis, surgical procedures and comprehensive therapeutic strategies for skull base bone tumors. Methods and Results Clinical data of 76 patients with skull base bone tumors were retrospectively analyzed from September 2006 to March 2018. After preoperative assessment, different kinds of surgical approaches including endonasal, intraoral, maxillary swing, craniocervical transjugular, Derome, frontotemporal and infratemporal approaches were chosen according to clinical and radiographic findings. In comparison with 24 patients receiving the endoscopic surgery, other 52 patients were operated on under microscopic visualization. Total resection was achieved in 38 cases, and 22 patients underwent subtotal resection. In addition, 14 cases received partial resection while biopsies were performed in 2 cases to confirm histological findings. Tumor pathology included chordoma (28 cases), osteosarcoma (19 cases), chondrosarcoma (11 cases), fibrous dysplasia (8 cases), giant cell tumor of bone (5 cases), osteoblastoma (3 cases), osteochondroma (1 case), and chondromyxiod fibroma (1 case). Complications included cranial nerve deficits (19 cases), hemiparesis (3 cases), cerebrospinal fluid leakage (12 cases), intracranial infection (8 cases), pneumonitis (4 cases), and wound dehiscence (4 cases). During a 20 to 158 months follow ⁃ up, 11 cases were lost and 21 patients died in the study period. The disease ⁃ free survival was achieved in 34 cases while 10 patients experienced tumor progression. Conclusions Malignant bone tumors invading the skull base is much more common comparing with the benign lesions. Multidisciplinary consultation may improve diagnostic reliability and clarify the therapeutic purpose. Radical resection using the individualized approaches accompanied by comprehensive therapy should be considered to improve the outcomes of patients. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.007

Because of the complex anatomic relationship and difficult treatment of skull base tumors, a multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment mode (neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery, ophthalmology, plastic surgery, etc.) are needed to achieve the purpose of effectively removing tumors, improving function of the nerve and the quality of life. Skull base oncology is regarded as a challenging major in neurosurgery. In order to promote the development of skull base tumor surgery in China, this paper reviews the current situation and existing problems, and looks forward to the future development direction. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.03.002

Both manifestations and treatments of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) are varied and the effect meets bottlenecks. Recently, the artificial intelligence (AI) technology has developed rapidly. This review aims to help clinicians understand AI technology regarding its application in ICH by systematically reviewing the historical and current examples. Hope to stimulate the AI progress and enhance the level of treatment in ICH in the future. Ultimately, the treatment of ICH would be precision and individualization. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.09.004

Objective To compare the efficacy of augmented reality assisted neuroendoscope of evacuation of hematoma and small bone window craniotomy in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods From July 2016 to December 2017, 82 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage were treated with small bone window craniotomy (41 cases) or augmented reality assisted neuroendoscopic surgery (41 cases) of evacuation of hematoma. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hematomas clearance rate and hospitalization time, as well as the incidence of postoperative rebleeding, intracranial infection, pulmonary infection, gastrointestinal bleeding and other complications, and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were recorded to evaluate prognosis of the 2 groups. Results Compared with the small bone window craniotomy group, in the neuroendoscopic group, the operation time [(72.66 ± 5.21) min vs. (137.51 ± 6.25) min; t = -51.065, P = 0.000], the hospitalization time [(12.21 ± 1.81) d vs. (13.12 ± 1.41) d; t = -4.035, P = 0.035] shortened, intraoperative blood loss decreased [(91.88 ± 8.89) ml vs. (400.24 ± 36.57) ml; t = -52.464, P = 0.000], hematoma clearance rate increased [(98.29 ± 1.37)% vs. (72.83 ± 9.37)%; t = -17.224, P = 0.002], and prognosis was better at 6 months after operation (Z = -3.303, P = 0.001). The complication rate was no significant difference between the 2 groups [12.20% (5/41) vs.26.83% (11/41); χ2 = 2.795, P = 0.095]. Conclusions Augmented reality assisted neuroendoscope of evacuation of hematoma is superior than small bone window craniotomy. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.09.009

Objective To explore the application value of ultra-high-speed spiral CT angiography (CTA) in the assessment and prognosis of hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) in emergency department. Methods A total of 187 patients with CT scanning suspected hemorrhagic MMD were all from emergency department from June 2014 to January 2019, and were diagnosed in acute stage (< 72 h) by ultra-high-speed spiral CTA examination and post-image treatment. Internal medicine conservative treatment, hematoma removal or extra ventricular drainage (EVD) were used respectively. The level and prognosis of neurofunctional impairment at 1, 3 and 6 months after onset of patients were evaluated with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results One hundred and six cases (56.68%) conformed to the imaging characteristics of MMD, showing intra-cervical artery stenosis or obliteration, Willis ring thickened, partial vascular obviously dilated, significantly increased collateral vessels in basal ganglion region, increasing blood vessels at the base of the junction of frontal-temporal lobe, occurrence of small, dense smoke-like angiogenesis at the brain bottom. Compared with DSA, CTA diagnosis accuracywas 95.27% (155/161), false positive rate was 4.76% (3/63), and false negative rate was 3.06% (3/98). Among them, there were 84 cases of CTA showed "millet sign" were positive, and 103 cases were negative. The "millet sign" positive group after onset of 1, 3 and 6 months the mRS score was higher (P = 0.000) and GOS score was lower than those in "millet sign" negative group (P = 0.000). The mRS score of 2 groups decreased gradually (P = 0.000, for all) and the GOS score gradually increased (P = 0.000, for all). Conclusions Ultra-high-speed spiral CTA assisted in the diagnosis of suspected hemorrhagic MMD patients in emergency apartment is safe and convenient with high diagnostic accuracy, and has a certain guiding significance for prognostic assessment. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.09.008

According to the high incidence of cerebral hemorrhage, the burden of disease is heavy. Both domestic and overseas built various diagnosis and treatment system. However, according to the lack of precious diagnosis and treatment in the traditional system, the patient's prognosis is quite different. Thank to the advances in technology such as artificial intelligence, it is possible to achieve the precision medicine in the diagnosis, evaluation, prediction and treatment of hemorrhagic stroke. The present paper intends to review the current technological progress, looking forward to achieve precision, individualization in hemorrhagic stroke. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2019.09.003

Despite considerable achievement in the past few decades, medical system still faces critical challenges in China, including uneven distribution of medical resources, discrepancy in disease management, limited continuing education and insufficient research platform, which restrict the further improvement of healthcare in China. The 5th-generation mobile network (5G) has the characteristics of high speed and low latency. Taking the advantage of top-level design and leading technology, 5G may facilitate thee ffective settlement of the above mentioned problems and promote the development of healthcare system in China. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2019.09.002

The Medium-Earth-Orbit SAR (MEOSAR) is one of the potential spaceborne SAR of next-generation owing to its excellent performance. Ionospheric effects analysis is one of the critical techniques for the development of MEOSAR. The spatio-temporal variability of the ionosphere is analyzed using the measured ionosphere data. The factors and the mechanism of ionospheric effects on MEOSAR are studied based on the spatio-temporal variability of the ionosphere and the characteristics of MEOSAR such as long synthetic aperture time, wide swath, and high orbit. The results reveal that there are many differences in the ionospheric effects between MEOSAR and LEOSAR.

Along with rapid growth of mobile internet, cloud computing and other new services, on the one hand, the traditional IDC is being transformed to cloud computing data center, on the other hand, more and more applications and data are coming to be carried on the cloud, which makes the scale of cloud data centers substantially increase, while the traditional network architecture and the technologies has been difficult to adapt to the development of the cloud data center. As a recent rising new network technology, SDN is considered to be an important mean to solve many network problems of cloud data center. Major challenges and problems of data center network were analyzed after introducing cloud computing and then proposals to solve them were given. After comparing several classic SDN technologies, the solution of cloud data center network based on overlay SDN was proposed, and its implementation principle was deeply analyzed. Finally, the development trend of the cloud data center network was discussed.

More and more telecom operators have been quick to embrace traffic-based operations. The industry and academia generally focus on the mobile internet, neglecting the wired markets. Aiming to explain the basic issues surrounding traffic-based operations on wired operators, the concept, characteristic and international operator's cases of the wired traffic-based operations were restudied. Finally, it was end with a series of conclusions and recommendations for wired traffic-based operations.

With the rapid deve1opment of internet and dramatic growth of mobi1e services, the storage and process of massive data are becoming a big cha11enge for te1ecom operators.Big data techno1ogies provide a new so1ution for the operators to mine massive data in depth as we11 as a new opportunity to provide better services for their customers.The app1icabi1ity of big data techno1ogies for operators were ana1yzed,based on the comprehensive ana1ysis of big data techno1ogies and te1ecom operators' data characteristics.The big data deve1opment strategy for te1ecom operators was discussed and a conceptua1 technica1 architecture was a1so proposed in order to push the app1ication of big data techno1ogies.

High-precision height acquisition needs to correct the interferometric parameters errors by interferometric calibration for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) system with many Ground Control Points (GCPs). For the situation that some areas probably only have little GCPs or even no GCPs, a new high-precision calibration method for airborne InSAR based on bundle adjustment is needed, in which the Control Points (CP) selection method is a major point which has a crucial influence on the precision of InSAR calibration. A model-based CP selection method for calibration of airborne InSAR with sparse GCPs is proposed in this paper, which adopts the polynomial model fit method to choose CP based on the sensitivity characteristic of inSAR interferometric parameters. A joint calibration is made with the real InSAR data and the results confirm the validity and rationality of the proposed method.

The antenna pattern uncertainty is the main error of SAR system. The technique for inflight antenna pattern measurement of spaceborne SAR is one of the most important technique of SAR calibration. This paper discusses the development courses of the inflight antenna pattern measurement of spaceborne SAR, analyses its development trend and compares the main inflight antenna pattern measurement techniques. This paper will be an important reference for designing a project of inflight antenna pattern measurement of spaceborne SAR.

Zhuangzi emphasizes the "consciousness of limits" in its thoughts, recognizing the constraints of human life and proposing a way to live within these boundaries. The concept of "limits" encompasses several aspects. Firstly, it refers to the limitations of human knowledge and the tools we use to express it, such as language. Secondly, it encompasses the constraints of behavioral capacity, particularly what is deemed ethical or unethical. These limitations are linked to human physiology, the mind (including rationality), and social circumstances. While individuals can acknowledge and navigate these constraints, they are also inherently restricted in knowledge and ability due to these conditions. Does Zhuangzi effectively address the issue of limits? How can one overcome the challenges presented by the limits encountered in the course of individual life? What relevance does Zhuangzi's approach have for life education? This paper delves into the theme of "Wúzhī" (...) and examines how Zhuangzi confronts the boundaries of human knowledge, transforming this limitation to attain the ideal state of happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the regeneration performance and mechanism of aged asphalt in high altitude regions of plateau, seven kinds of reclaimed asphalt with different regenerant contents were prepared. The properties of reclaimed asphalt were evaluated by the dynamic shear rheological test (DSR) and bending beam rheological test (BBR). The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and atomic force microscope (AFM) were used to analyze the recycling mechanism of aged asphalt and reclaimed asphalt with different regenerant contents. The results show that with the increase of regenerant XT-3 mass fraction, the penetration and ductility of reclaimed asphalt fluctuate greatly with the increase of the content, and the penetration and ductility reach the maximum value when the XT-3 mass fraction is 7.0%. When the XT-3 mass fraction is 7.0%, the test value of the softening point is the smallest. The complex modulus first decreases and then increases, and the phase angle first increases and then decreases. The rutting factor and fatigue factor first increase and then decrease, and the creep speed first decrease and then increase. The surface roughness of reclaimed asphalt is greater than that of aged asphalt, and the infrared spectrum results show that there is no chemical reactions between the regenerant and the asphalt. Considering the road performance of reclaimed asphalt, the optimum mass fraction of regenerant is 7.0%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because the thermal conductivity of freezing soil is hard to measure, in order to clarify the influence of temperature on thermal conductivity, a hyperbolic model with three parameters was proposed to describe the relationship between thermal conductivity and negative temperature in this paper. Then, the performance of the new hyperbolic model was verified by the measured thermal conductivity coefficients and three widely used models, and a sensitivity analysis of model parameters was performed. The results show that the hyperbolic model can accurately predict the change pattern of soil thermal conductivity during the freezing process. Among these four models, the proposed hyperbolic model has the smallest root mean square error and relative error. The model parameters are closely related to the fine particle content and decrease as the initial volume moisture content increases. Considering the new model can accurately simulate the variation of thermal conductivity with subzero temperature, it can provide a basis for coupled heat and mass transfer in cold regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve peanut yield under drip irrigation in Xinjiang, effect of potassium fertilizer application was investigated. Huayu 9610 (T1, a common cultivar in Xinjiang) and Heihua 5 (T2, a high yield cultivar) were used as materials at the Agricultural Meteorological Experiment Station in Wulanwusu, Xinjiang. Four potassium (K2O) fertilizer gradients were set as K0 (0 kg/hm²), K1 (150 kg/hm²), K2 (225 kg/hm²) and K3 (300 kg/hm²), and thus the potassium rates were at 15%, 40%, 30% and 15% at the seedling, pegging, podding and full fruit ripening stages respectively. Results showed that the main stem height and lateral branch length of Huayu 9610 and Heihua 5 changed parabolically with the increase of potassium application. The dry matter accumulation were the highest at K2 level, which were 84.37 g per plant and 89.37 g per plant, respectively. Compared with no potassium fertilizer, the main stem height and lateral branch length of K2 treatment increased by 17.91% and 16.56%, 7.4% and 12.31%, respectively. The number of nodules was the highest at podding stage, which was 42.0 per plant and 45.3 per plant respectively. The leaf area index increased with the increase of potassium fertilizer application, and reached the maximum at 90 days after emergence. The photosynthetic potential also changed in a parabolic shape with the increase of potassium fertilizer application rate, and reached the maximum value of 4.38 m2·d and 4.51 m2· d respectively after 75-90 days of K2 treatment. The fertilizer contribution rate and agronomic utilization rate of K2 treatment were the largest, which were 26.06% and 1.83 kg/kg (for Huayu 9610), 25.18% and 1.67 kg/kg (for Heihua 5), respectively, and the yields were 9628.38 kg/hm² and 10 368.35 kg/hm², respectively. The results showed that potassium application amount of 225 kg/hm² at K2 level could be used as reference for drip irrigation peanut in Xinjiang, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of ethephon can achieve early and concentrated the machine-harvested cotton boll opening. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the boll-period shortening on the boll weight, fiber quality, and relationship, when the ethephon was sprayed at different stages of the boll development with a selection of 18 materials. The results showed that when the period of cotton was 47--69 days, spraying ethephon at the age of boll was 40.5--49.7 days, which could advance boll opening by 3.5--5.7 days. It took 64.1--69.7 days for fiber to fully mature under ethephon, while it took 54.8--60.5 days for cotton seed. When boll was opened 1.5--6.2 days earlier, the probability of boll weight and fiber quality decreasing was up to 58.0%--76.5%. To achieve an early opening of the boll, ethephon can be applied at the boll age of 34.8--44.1 days, when the boll weight (< 0.26 g) and fiber quality damage (length reduction < 0.28 mm and fiber strength < 0.30 cN tex--1) at the top of cotton plant are reduced by 5% and 1%, respectively. In addition, the boll period was shortened in some materials, but the boll weight, fiber length, and strength were increased, with the 9.5%--23.5% probability. Therefore, the reasonable use of ethephon in some cotton varieties can shorten the boll period and improve the boll weight and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on anti-corruption efforts often considers sunlight (transparency) to be the best disinfectant, yet prior studies have no consensus on this proposition. We argue that although transparency has a spotlight effect, its efficacy is determined by an actor's assessment of the effectiveness of various accountability channels. This study proposes a 2x2 typology to illustrate different anti-corruption mechanisms between transparency and accountability. To study the interplay among transparency and three kinds of accountability on bureaucrat's perceptions of individual and collective corruption, a survey of Chinese public servants is used to understand the efficacy of anti-corruption mechanisms in a regime challenged by rapid growth and rising corruption. Results show that transparency facilitates to deterrence of individual and collective tolerance of corruption, but this is moderated by accountability mechanisms. High administrative accountability increases the effects of transparency on both individual and collective corruption, whereas high social and legal accountability only increase the deterrence effects of transparency on collective corruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water content is the main reason for the deterioration of the thermal insulation materials thermal conductivity, compressive strength, permeability and other parameters. In order to analyze the hygroscopic characteristics of thermal insulation materials, this paper uses three kinds of commonly thermal insulation materials to conduct the isothermal hygroscopic performance tests. Based on the experimental results, the application of seven kinds of hygroscopic models is analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the isothermal hygroscopic properties of different insulation materials have obvious differences. The higher relative humidity is, the faster the hygroscopic rate is, and the longer time it takes to reach the equilibrium moisture content under the same condition. The moisture absorption of the FLK insulation material is 2 times of the PU, and 5 times more than that of the XPS. The fitting results indicate that the Peleg model can well describe the isothermal hygroscopic process of the three insulation materials. The results can provide basic data support for the study of thermal insulation material property deterioration mechanism and thermal-wet coupling analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the distribution of Vibrio in China's coastal rivers and the differences of Vibrio species in different seasons, so as to provide data support for the formulation of environmental detection strategy of pathogenic Vibrio. Methods In August 2019 and January 2020, 2 rivers were selected from 4 monitored cities in Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea, respectively. Water samples were collected at the estuary for isolation and culture of Vibrio. 30 suspected Vibrio colonies were selected from each water sample and identified by microbial mass spectrometer. The distribution characteristics of Vibrio in different sea areas and different seasons were analyzed. Results In Yantai city of Shandong province, Cixi city of Zhejiang province, Cangzhou city of Hebei province, and Fangchenggang city of Guangxi autonomous region, the 32 water samples collected from the four representative cities, 960 strains got from the separation and purification, by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technical appraisal, in the end, 562 strains of Vibrio were identified, including 211 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (22.0%), 172 strains of Vibrio cholerae (17.9%), 124 strains of Vibrio alginolyticus (12.9%), and 55 strains (5.7%) of the other 8 species. There were significant differences in the distribution of dominant Vibrio in the four sea areas. Vibrio cholerae was dominant in the Yellow Sea (Yantai, Shandong) and the East China Sea (Cixi, Zhejiang), Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus were dominant in the Bohai Sea (Cangzhou, Hebei), and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was dominant in the South China Sea (Fangchenggang, Guangxi). The dominant strain of Vibrio isolated in summer was Vibrio cholerae (148 strains), accounting for 30.8% of all Vibrio isolated in this season. The dominant strain of Vibrioisolated in winter was Vibrio alginolyticus, a total of 65 strains, accounting for 13.5% of the total Vibrio isolated in the season. There was significant difference in the distribution of dominant Vibrio isolated in summer and winter. Conclusion The distribution of Vibrio in estuaries of rivers in the eastern coastal areas of China is different in sea areas and seasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To systematically review the application effect of two main methods in induced labor in midtrimester pregnancy of cicatricial uterus. Two methods were the Mifepristone combined with misoprostol and the mifepristone combined with ethacridine. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, VIP Database, Wanfang Database and CNKI(from inception to Nov. 2013). Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of induced labor in mid -pregnancy of cicatricial uterus, with methods of the Mifepristone combined with Misoprostol (group A) or the Mifepristone combined with Ethacridine (group B), were reviewed and evaluated. RevMan5.2 software was used for Meta-analysis. Results: Eight literatures were included, and quality of the literatures was based on the Jadad scale scoring criteria. Meta-analysis showed that the group B was significantly superior to the group A in the time of launching uterine contraction (P<0.000 01, WMD=-12.60, 95% CI: -17.17, -8.03) and induction (P=0.000 5, WMD=-10.50, 95% CI: -16.46, -4.55), placental and fetal membrane residues (Z= 3.07, P=0.002, 95% CI:0.37,0.80) and induced labor success rate (Z=2.31, P=0.02, 95% CI:0.19, 0.88), and that there were no significant differences between two groups in the total stage of labor (P=0.10, WMD=-2.16, 95% CI:-4.73, 0.42) and the amount of vaginal bleeding within 24 hours after delivery(P=0.11,WMD=-29.01, 95% CI: -64.12, 6.09). Conclusions: When the induced labor in midtrimester pregnancy of cicatricial uterus was used, the Mifepristone combined with Ethacridine was significantly superior to the Mifepristone combined with Misoprostol in the time of launching uterine contraction, total time of induced labor, placental and fetal membrane residue, and the success rate of induced labor, except the total stage of labor and amount of vaginal bleeding within 24 hours after delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the study on the process of detection of the porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) using an asymmetrical cyanine dye SYBR Green I real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Topics discussed include the sequence of genes within gH of PRV and ORF2 of PCV2, the use of recombinant plasmids to generate melt curve and standard curve, and the results which shows that SYBR Green I lay a basis in analyzing and detection of PCV2 and PRV.

Through geochemistry analysis of core and outcrop samples from different Paleozoic strata in Sichuan Basin, geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of the 4 sets shales were discussed from organic carbon isotope, thermal maturity and biomarker characteristics. The results show that three sets of Paleozoic high quality black shales (i. e. Lower Cambrian Qiongzhushi Formation, Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation, and Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation) have high organic abundance, with an average percentage of 6.31%, 3.53% and 1.87%, respectively. The main type of organic matter for all three sets of Paleozoic high quality black shales is of sapropalic Type I, with 8δ13C for TOC (total organic carbon) ranging from -29.0% to -32.0% 0. The higher relative abundance of low-molecular n-alkanes, C27 regular steranes, and tricyclic terpanes show that the organic matters in the Paleozoic high quality black shales are derived from lower hydrobiont and algae. The average organic carbon abundance of Upper Permian Longtan shale is 4.0%, and the organic matter is of Type II and III. The study of biomarkers indicates that the organic matter in Longtan shale is mainly of aquatic and continental organic matter input, whereas the organic mater in Longtan coal and mudstone are terrestrial organic matter input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A game is introduced into the traditional wealth distribution model for establishing the rules of wealth distribution. The wealth distribution is discussed in both situations of with and without the saving propensity. The experimental results show that when there are no saving propensities, the objective impact factors have no obvious effect on the trend of wealth distribution for the entire group, while the closer the trading strategy is to the objective impact factor, the more amount of wealth can be obtained for the individual agent. When there are saving propensities? the agent-construction of wealth distribution is determined by the similarity between individual strategy and objective impact factors. The value of saving propensity has obvious effect on the trend of wealth distribution, that is " the smaller the saving propensity is, the more concentrated the wealth distribution is. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]