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In order to provide reference for the rapid detection and identification of Salmonella, Salmonella was isolated and identified from the proficiency testing (CFAPA-- 805) samples from three aspects including the traditional standard detection methods, specific PCR and molecular phylogeny. The traditional standard detection method was based on the national food safety standard (GB 4789.4 -- 2016) "Salmonella Examination of Food Microbiological Examination", the specific PCR was based on the invA gene, and the molecular phylogeny was based on the 16S rDNA. The results showed that the results of the three detection methods were consistent. Salmonella was detected in 341 samples, and the results of physiological and biochemical identification, serological identification and molecular phylogenetic identification showed that: the Salmonella in the positive samples was Salmonella biochemical group (I), Salmonella enteritidis subspecies, of which the serotyping was O:9, 12:H:g, m. The ability verification result of this laboratory was "satisfactory", affirming the laboratory's ability to detect Salmonella. By the comparison, the specific PCR identification could determine whether Salmonella was detected. The physiological and biochemical identification, serological identification and molecular phylogenetic identification could confirm the biochemical group, serotyping and molecular typing of Salmonella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of rotating machinery, foil aerodynamic bearings have developed into the fourth generation. Among them, multileaf bump foil aerodynamic bearing has a bright prospect for development because of its pre-tightening force and the application of high-temperature coating. Taking the multi-foil superposed elastic structure as the starting point, the top flat foil was equivalent to the cantilevered bending beam model and the linear spring model was used to simulate the supporting bump foil, and the film thickness equation different from the previous three generations of bearing's was obtained. Based on the finite difference method, the gas film thickness equation and dynamic pressure Reynolds equation were coupled for iterative solution to obtain the static characteristics of multileaf bump foil aerodynamic bearing. The influence of rotating speed, eccentricity ratio and operating temperature on the static characteristics of the bearing was studied. The results show that the increase of eccentricity or rotating speed will increase the maximum film pressure and bearing capacity, and the influence of eccentricity is greater than that of rotating speed. The attitude angle decreases rapidly with the increase of eccentricity ratio, indicating the operation stability of bearing is improved with the increase of eccentricity. The increase of temperature will lead to the increase of the maximum film pressure and bearing capacity. Therefore, for the foil hydrodynamic bearing running at high speed, the aerodynamic thermal problem is an urgent problem to be solved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phospholipid is a main component of all living roll membranes, and has important structural and functional features. Phospholipid high efficient profiling is helpful for deeper understanding the role of particular phospholipid played in maintaining healthy or sick state of a cell; and it also provides a technology platform for in-depth study on the biological and nutritional characteristics of phospholipid. Analyzing phospholipid has become more difficult, because of its complex structure and species in nature and in vivo. With the development of analyzing technology, many studies are carried out on the analyzing methods. This paper summarized the structure and biological function of phospholipid, methods for its extraction, separation, mass spectrum identification, quantitative analysis, and application in lipidomics. The development direction of phospholipid analysis was prospected, so as to provide references for establishing new phospholipid analyzing method, and for further studying its biological and nutritional characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A lipase catalyzed synthesis of 1,3-diacylglycerols with microbial oil rich in ARA was established. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, substrate molar ratio and lipase dosage on 1,3-diacylglycerols yield were systematically investigated. Based on the single factor experiments, response surface methodology (RSM) was used in optimization of technological parameters. The optimal conditions were: reaction time 2.7 h, reaction temperature 57?, substrate molar ratio 2.5:1, lipase dosage 7.9%. Under the optimal conditions, 1,3-diacylglycerols relative percentage was up to 73.5% and 1,3-ARA-DAG content was 38.1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The application of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies has greatly improved the clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients. Here, we retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of PD-1 antibody therapy in locally advanced non-surgical or metastatic lung cancer patients, and preliminarily explored the correlation between peripheral blood biomarkers and clinical responses., Methods: We conducted a single center study that included 61 IIIA-IV lung cancer patients who received PD-1 antibody treatment from March 2020 to December 2021, and collected the medical record data on PD-1 antibody first-line or second-line treatment. The levels of multiple Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the patient's peripheral blood serum, as well as the phenotype of peripheral blood T cells, were detected and analyzed., Results: All the patients completed at least 2 cycles of PD-1 monoclonal antibody treatment. Among them, 42 patients (68.9%) achieved partial response (PR); 7 patients (11.5%) had stable disease (SD); and 12 patients (19.7%) had progressive disease (PD). The levels of peripheral blood interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (P=0.023), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (P=0.007) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) (P=0.002) before treatment were higher in patients of the disease control rate (DCR) (PR+SD) group than in the PD group. In addition, the decrease in absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count after PD-1 antibody treatment was associated with disease progression (P=0.023). Moreover, the levels of IL-5 (P=0.0027) and IL-10 (P=0.0208) in the blood serum after immunotherapy were significantly increased compared to baseline., Conclusions: Peripheral blood serum IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-5 in lung cancer patients have certain roles in predicting the clinical efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. The decrease in absolute peripheral blood lymphocyte count in lung cancer patients is related to disease progression, but large-scale prospective studies are needed to further elucidate the value of these biomarkers.

Background: Solitary pulmonary nodule has received increasing attention in recent years. A couple of lung nodules have been recognized as primary malignant tumors, which leads to an urgent need in enhancing the diagnosis of benign/malignant lung nodules at clinical settings. This study aims to explore the value of the combined detection of cytokines and tumor markers in differencing benign and malignant solitary pulmonary nodules in diagnose., Methods: With 81 solitary pulmonary nodules cases with a clear diagnosis, the general clinical data, nodule imaging features, pathological diagnosis data, serological index cytokine series and tumor marker expression levels were collected in groups. Both single factor and multi-factors analysis were conducted to screen out the serum influence indexes that can predict the malignant probability of lung nodules, and mean while binary logistic regression analysis was used to construct joint indexes; After receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn, the area under the curve and the corresponding sensitivity, specificity and positive of each index predicted value, negative predicted value and accuracy could be calculated with a view to determine the statistical significance of area under the curve (AUC)., Results: There are differences in the distribution of malignant solitary pulmonary nodules at different locations, with the highest proportion of the right upper lobe (40.4%). The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 (CYFRA21-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) in the malignant nodule group were higher than those in the benign nodule group. Logistic regression analysis suggests that CEA, IL-6 and IL-8 are independent risk factors for predicting malignant nodules. ROC curve analysis shows that the areas under the curve of the individual indicators CEA, IL-6 and IL-8 are 0.642, 0.684 and 0.749. The comparison result of the test efficiency of the area under the curve suggests that CEA+IL-6+IL-8 has a larger area under the curve and higher detection efficiency., Conclusions: CEA, IL-6 and IL-8 are independent risk factors for malignant solitary pulmonary nodules. The combined detection of cytokines and tumor markers has played a role in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lung nodules. The diagnostic value of the combined detection of CEA+IL-6+IL-8 is the highest.

Objective: To study the effect of Flos Daturae alkaloids (FDA) on TGF-beta1-1uuuu;U epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human pulmonary adenocarcinoma A549 cells., Methods: A549 cells in vitro cultured were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the blank control group, the TGF-beta1 group, the low dose FDA group, the medium dose FDA group, and the high dose FDA group. The morphologies of A549 cells were observed. Expressions of cytokeratin (CK)-19 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively., Results: A549 cells in the TGF-beta1, group turned from cobblestone to spindle shape gradually. Those in low, medium and high dose FDA groups showed similar shapes to those of the TGF-beta1 group. There was no statistical difference in the morphology of A549 cells among the 3 dose FDA groups (P > 0.05). Western blot showed that, when compared with the blank control group, the expression of CK-19 was down-regulated, but the expression of alpha-SMA was up-regulated in the TGF-beta1 group (P < 0.01). Compared with the TGF-beta1, group, the expression of CK-19 was up-regulated, but the expression of alpha-SMA was suppressed in low, medium and high dose FDA groups (P < 0.01). The CK-19 expression obviously increased, but the alpha-SMA expression was suppressed in high dose FDA group at 72 h (P < 0.01). Real-time PCR results showed, as compared with the TGF-beta1 group, the mRNA expression of CK-19 was increased, but the mRNA expression of alpha-SMA was reduced in low, medium and high dose FDA groups (P < 0.01)., Conclusions: FDA had no effect on EMT morphological changes of TGF-beta1 induced A549 cells. FDA could reverse characteristic markers of A549 cells during EMT to some extent, such as expressions of CK-19 and alpha-SMA. The expression of CK-19 (as the epithelium marker) increased and the expression of alpha-SMA (as the mesenchymal marker) was reduced. Besides, they were most obviously seen in the high dose FDA group at 72 h in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Objective: To reveal the relationship between bacterial community and the environmental in Zuohai lake, Fuzhou City., Methods: The abundance of total bacteria was studied using DAPI staining; the composition, distribution and the dynamics of bacterial community were examined using both the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and the 16S rRNA gene clone library analyses over a 2-year periods from October 2011 to August 2013. Moreover, multivariate statistical analysis was used to analyze the relationship between bacterial community and environmental factors., Results: The total numbers of bacteria ranging from 4.91 x 10(6) cells/mL to 18.71 x 10(6) cells/mL, and the seasonal variation of bacterial abundance was obviously stronger than the spatial heterogeneity. DGGE and clone library analysis revealed that bacterial communities were mainly affected by temporal changes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that bacteria belonging to 11 phyla were identified. Members of 3-Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria group were the predominated lineage, followed by a-Proteo bacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Redundancy analysis (RDA) suggested that water temperature, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a content contributed significantly to the bacteria-environment relationship., Conclusion: There is rich bacterial diversity in Zuohai lake, the patterns of change in bacterial communities showed that the seasonal difference might have a significant impact on structuring the bacterial communities in the lake.

This study was aimed to investigate the mechanism of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) up-regulating apelin expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The effect of ATRA on apelin expression in the VSMCs was investigated by RT-PCR, real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. To further define whether retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) mediated the induction of apelin by ATRA, endogenous RARα was down regulated by transfection of siRNA against RARα (si-RARα) or RARα was over-expressed by infection of the adenovirus vector pAd-GFP-RARα in the VSMCs. The results showed that ATRA significantly induced apelin expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner in the VSMCs. Although RARα expression was increased in a time-dependent manner, the expressions of RARβ and RARγ were little changed by the ATRA treatment. When VSMCs were treated with a RARα antagonist Ro 41-5253 prior to the addition of ATRA, or si-RARα was used to down regulate endogenous RARα expression, the blockade of RARα signaling partially reduced the response of apelin to ATRA. Moreover, RARα over-expression, induced by infection of pAd-GFP-RARα, further increased the induction of apelin by ATRA. In conclusion, ATRA may up-regulate apelin expression in VSMCs, and the mechanism may be RARα dependent.

Objective: To establish SMMC-7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line stably expressing hepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein., Methods: A lentiviral vector containing HCV core gene was constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells to package recombinant lentivirus (rLV-core) containing ZsGreen and HCV core genes. The SMMC-7721 cells were infected with the rLV-core. The expression of HCV core mRNA was examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and the HCV core protein was detected by immunofluorescence cytochemistry and Western blotting. The stably transfected cell line was screened., Results: The lentiviral vector was confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing. The green fluorescence was seen under fluorescence microscope 48 hours after virus packaging. The SMMC-7721 cell line stably expressing HCV core protein was obtained after infected with the rLV-core. Real-time PCR showed the expression of HCV core mRNA, and both immunofluorescence cytochemistry and Western blotting verified the expression of HCV core protein., Conclusion: The SMMC-7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line stably expressing HCV core protein has been established successfully.

To study the B cell linear epitopes of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein, peptides were synthesized according to the amino acid sequences of B cell linear epitopes. Linear epitopes predicted by bioinformatics analysis were evaluated with immunological techniques. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that titers of antibodies to peptides (355-369 and 385-400 residues of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein) were above 1:12 800 in mouse sera. The antibodies recognized denatured rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein in Western blot analysis. Purified anti-peptide antibodies recognized natural rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein in BHK-21 cells in indirect fluorescent antibody test. The 355-369 and 385-400 residues of rabies virus CVS-11 nucleoprotein were validated as B cell linear epitopes.

Objective: To reveal the diversity of bacterioplankton during winter and spring in Zuohai lake, Fuzhou City, China., Methods: We constructed 16S rRNA gene clone libraries in the two seasons (January, 2012 and April, 2012); the Shannon diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Evenness index of the bacterial community in the two samples were compared, and the analysis for the bacterial community structures of this two water samples was conducted., Results: The Shannon diversity index in January achieved 3.53, and the Evenness index achieved 0.66; While the Shannon diversity index of April reached 3.37, and the Evenness index reached 0.64. It indicated that the bacterial communities in the two water samples were diverse, but the Evenness indexes were very low. Bacterial belonging to 5 phyla were identified: alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, bacteroidetes, actinobacteria and cyanobacteria. Also, there were many sequences belonging to unidentified bacteria. In January, bacterial community with beta-proteobacteria predominated followed by cyanobacteria; while cyanobacteria was the predominant bacterial communities in April., Conclusion: The distribution of the bacteria in the two seasons has differences, especially the most dominant bacteria differed significantly. In addition, bacterial diversity in the two water samples was high, and compared with in spring, that in winter has higher bacterial diversity, but exit a large number of unidentified bacteria in this environment.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammation effects of Xuebijing in OVA-induced murine allergic rhinitis model. Furthermore, we determined whether heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is required for the protective activity of Xuebijing., Method: Airways of OVA-sensitized mice exposed to OVA challenge developed eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion and increased cytokine levels. Levels of interleukin IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in nasal lavage fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Lung tissue and nasal mucosa sections were stained with Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin for assessment of cell infiltration and mucus production, Immunohistochemistry, Real-time PCR and Western Blot analyses for HO-1 protein expression., Result: Orally administered Xuebijing significantly inhibited the number of OVA-induced inflammatory cells and IgE production, along with reduced T-helper (Th) 2 cytokine levels, such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, improved the level of IFN-gamma, in nasal lavage fluid. In addition, Xuebijing induced a marked decrease in OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus production in nasal and lung tissues. These effects were correlated with HO-1 mRNA and protein induction., Conclusion: Our results indicate that Xuebijing protects against OVA-induced airway inflammation, at least in part, via HO-1 upregulation.

Objective: To explore the role of laparoscopic sentinel lymph node(SLN) detection with carbon nanoparticles tracer in cervical carcinoma., Methods: Totally 21 patients with confirmed early cervical cancer were enrolled in this study.Before laparoscopic extended hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenoetomy(and para-aortic lymphadenoectomy) , they were injected with carbon nanoparticles suspension injection tracer from cervical neck before surgery. The black-staining lymph nodes were cut as SLN under the laparoscope for routine pathological examination., Results: Of these 21 patients, at least one SLN was successfully detected in 20 patients(95.24%) , and a total of 158 SLNs were detected.The conventional pathology results suggested that 5 patients(23.81%) had positive lymph nodes(n=16, including 14 in 4 patients) . The new approach showed a sensitivity of 80.0%(4/5) , accuracy of 100.0%(20/20) , and negative predictive value of 100.0%(16/16) for SLN detection., Conclusion: Laparoscopic SLN detection with carbon nanoparticles tracer is a relative safe and sensitive method for in cervical carcinoma.

Aim: To prepare PHF10 antibody and check the expression of PHF10 protein in the tissues of gastric cancer and adjacent tissue., Methods: His-tagged PHF10 was expressed in E.coli BL21. Rabbit PHF10 polyclonal antiserum was generated by injecting the purified recombinant His-tagged PHF10 inclusion body as the antigen, and further separated by affinity purification. To confirm the specificity of the PHF10 antibody, transiently expressed Flag-PHF10 fusion protein was analyzed by immunoblotting with anti-flag monoclonal antibody control. The produced antibody Was used to check the expression of PHF10 protein in gastric cancer and adjacent tissues by Western blot., Results: Antibodies specifically binding to PHF10 could be obtained by immunization, and expression of PHF10 was significantly higher in gastric cancerous tissues comparing with adjacent normal tissues and GES-1 shows more PHF10 expression than gastric cancer cell lines with the generated antibody., Conclusion: The specific anti-PHF10 antibody is obtained and it could be used to detect the expression of PHF10 protein in gastric cancer cell lines and tissues, in which PHF10 is unregulated in gastric cancer.

A combinatorial human Fab library to the rabies virus was constructed using antibody genes derived from the blood of vaccinated donors. The library were panned and selected on purified rabies virus particles of aG or CTN strain with phage display. Eleven unique human Fab antibodies specific for the rabies virus glycoprotein were obtained by ELISA, IFA and DNA sequences analysis of these antibodies. Among these Fab antibodies, five human Fab antibodies were converted to full-length human IgG antibodies with recombinant baculovirus system. The five full-length human IgG antibodies were tested in vitro for rabies virus neutralization, resulting in all specificities to neutralize the virus. The obtained human anti-rabies antibodies lay the basis for the production of cocktail of anti-rabies monoclonal antibody with chinese intellectual property.

Objective: To establish a rapid fluorescent inhibition test (RFFIT) for testing rabies virus neutralizing antibody and the titer of rabies virus neutralizing antibody. CVS-11 was used as the standard challenge virus, and three generations prepared for the establishment of the virus library., Methods: International standard for rabies immunoglobulin was used as the reference serum. RFFIT test was established under consulting the protocol of Institute of Pasteur, and its specificity, stability and reproducibility were validated., Results: We established the RFFIT which showed both good specificity (100%) and reproducibility (P > 0.5)., Conclusion: The establishment of RFFIT test perfected the rabies laboratory techniques and would enhance the overall ability in detecting rabies in China.

Objective: Compare the difference of the results referred to the WHO standard rabies immunoglobulin and the national standard human rabies immunoglobulin used in the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT)., Methods: Setting the WHO standard immunoglobulin and the national standard immunoglobulin in the same system and testing 12 human serum at the same time. Compare the fluorescence percentage of the two different standard immunoglobulin; compare the 12 serum results calculated from the two different standard immunoglobulin used the calculation formula of neutralization antibody titer., Results: The Results display that the 50% percent of the two standard immunoglobulin are all between the fifth and the sixth well, but the percentage of the national standard immunoglobulin is lower than the WHO one. The same testserum result calculated from the WHO standard immunoglobulin is little higher than the national one., Conclusion: There is difference in the WHO standard immunoglobulin and the national one, but there is no influence in the results.

This study was aimed to explore the effect and adverse reaction of cyclosporine A (CsA) in treatment of pancytopenia without reticulocyte decrease but with elevated LDH. 10 patients were selected according to our standards and were treated by CsA. The curative effect and adverse reaction of patients were evaluated by following up for 6 - 116 months. The effect of CsA in the maintenance treatment of AA patient with an obvious rise of LDH was illustrated by means of typical case. The results indicated that 10 patients had different diagnosis, but had similar clinical and laboratory characteristics. Among them, 9 patients showed a relatively good curative reaction to CsA. Treatment of 1 patient was stopped because of pneumonia tuberculosis. It is concluded that the elevated LDH without reticuleocyte decrease may be a biomarker to predict the curative reaction to CsA for patients with pancytopenia. Selectively treating pancytopenia with CsA can obtain a higher curative reaction and maintenance treatment with CsA is an important factor for reducing recurrence of this disease.

5 strains of virus isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis and Armigeres subalbatus, which caused cytopathic effect in C6/36 cells, had been obtained in the survey of arboviruses in Northwestern Yunnan Province. China. The virus particles displayed 70 nanometers diameter (n=7) with no envelope but spikes on the surfaces. RNA-PAGE of the genomes of the isolates showed 6-5-1 profile. A fragment of the 12th segment sequence was amplified by a pair of specific primers for Kadipiro virus strain JKT-7075 in RT-PCR. The full length of the 12th segment was 758 nucleotides, BLAST analysis revealed the highest identity was 90% to JKT-7075. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the isolates appeared to be Kadipiro viruses (Family Reoviridae). It was the first report of kadipiro virus isolation in China.

0507JS60 virus was isolated from a pool of Culex sp. collected in Kashi, Xinjiang, which could be propagated stably on C6/36 cells and caused cytopathic effects continuously. Viral particles had no envelope and appeared round with diameter of about 55nm (n = 10). Capsomeres on the surface of capsid were clearly visible. Electrophoresis of viral genome showed a profile of 12 double stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments. Sequencing of the twelfth segment revealed the length of 760bp (GenBank ID: FJ157354). A single open reading frame (ORF) was found and encoded a protein of 174 amino acids with a molecular mass of 18.9kD. The nucleotide sequence had similarity over 89% with that of LNV, but the deduced amino acid sequence had similarity over 91% with that of LNV. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to compare the corresponding genetic sequences in Seadornavirus. The tree demonstrated that 0507JS60 virus lied in the same branch with LNV and more closely related to LNV-NE9712. 0507JS60 virus was identified as LNV, which was firstly isolated outside the Northeast of China.

0507BS3 virus was isolated from a mixed pool of Culex sp. and Anopheles sp. collected in Kashi, Xinjiang, China. 0507BS3 virus could cause cytopathic effects on C6/36 cells but not on Vero and BHK-21 cells. Viral particles had no envelope and appeared round with diameter of about 60 nm (n = 20). Viral capsid was composed of a single layer and a central core. Capsomeres on the surface of capsid were clearly visible. Electrophoresis of viral genome showed a profile of 10 double stranded RNA (dsRNA) segments. Sequencing of the tenth segment revealed the length of 964bp (GenBank ID: FJ150869). A single open reading frame (ORF) was found and encoded a protein of 275 amino acids with a molecular mass of 30.8kDa. The nucleotide sequence had no similarity with any other viral genomic sequences, but the deduced amino acid sequence significantly matched the polyhedrin genes of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV) in some sections. A phylogenetic tree was constructed to compare the polyhedrin gene sequences of all CPV types in GenBank. The tree demonstrated that 0507BS3 virus was only distantly related to the other CPV types and belonged to a new CPV type.

Objective: To investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of liver and the protective effect of isoflurane (ISO) pretreatment on such injury in rat., Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: Sham group, only receive anesthesia and laparotomy; I/R group; I/R+LPS group, with 1 hour of hepatic ischemia and 4 hours of reperfusion, and LPS was given at the beginning of reperfusion; ISO group, received ISO pretreatment for 0.5 hour, then 1 hour of hepatic ischemia followed by 4 hours of reperfusion and LPS given at the beginning of reperfusion. The pathological changes in the liver tissue were assessed. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in liver tissue, hepatic and serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined., Results: Compared with Sham group, ALT, AST, TNF-alpha in serum and MPO activity in liver tissue, hepatic and serum TNF-alpha were increased significantly in all injury groups (all P<0.01). Compared with ISO group alone, hepatic I/R combined with LPS resulted in severer liver injury, with the levels of ALT, AST in serum, MPO activity in the liver tissue, and hepatic and serum TNF-alpha level were all increased (all P<0.05). Compared with I/R+LPS group, both the liver injury and inflammatory reaction were significantly reduced in I/R group (P<0.05 or P<0.01)., Conclusion: LPS injection during reperfusion results in severer liver injury and inflammatory reaction after hepatic I/R in rats. ISO pretreatment for 30 minutes might reduce the inflammatory reaction and live injury induced by hepatic I/R combined with LPS.

Objective: To study the clinical and laboratory characteristics of adult Japanese encephalitis (JE) patients in a JE outbreak in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province in 2006., Method: All the clinical data from the Second People's Hospital in Yuncheng city were analyzed, part of patients' sera and cerebrospinal fluid were tested by serology and RT-PCR., Results: The majority of patients were middle-aged and elderly, 77.8% (35/45) of the total cases were more than 40 years old. Severe and fulminating type cases accounted for 60.0% (27/45). Most patients had underlying diseases. IgM antibody to JE virus (JEV) in serum was positive in each of the 45 patients analyzed and 4-fold or greater rise in sera neutralization antibody titer were found in convalescent serum. JEV nucleic acid was positive in part of cerebrospinal fluid specimens., Conclusion: Viral encephalitis emerged in Yuncheng city, Shanxi Province was Japanese encephalitis B, and most of the cases belonged to elderly group.

Objective: To discuss the effect of Yisui Shengxue granules on expression of alpha-hemoglobin stabilizing protein (AHSP) mRNA in different developmental stages mice., Method: The total RNAs were extracted from the bone marrow karyocyte of normal adult mice and the karyocyte of fetus liver and fetus spleen in pregnanted mice (pregnanted 21 days) and fetal mice (pregnanted 14 days). The expression level of AHSP mRNA in different developmental stages mice interfered with Yisui Shengxue granules was measured by real-time PCR., Result: The intervention of Yisui Shengxue granules could significantly up-regulated the expression levels of AHSP mRNA in normal adult mice., Conclusion: The result revealed that one of possible molecular mechanism of the effects caused by Yisui Shengxue granules is that it can promote the AHSP gene expression, reduce the free a-globin deposit, then prevent the poison to erythrocyte and decrease the haemolysis.

Background: To study the arboviruses carried by mosquitoes collected in Hebei Province., Methods: Samples were collected from mosquito active sites and stored in liquid nitrogen till use. Pools of 20 to 30 mosquitoes were ground after sterilization, centrifugal supernant was inoculated onto C6/36 cell, cytopathic effect was observed for three sequential passages. Positive isolates were identified by IFA and RT-PCR., Results: Totally 1310 mosquitoes were collected from two villages of She county, Hebei province. They were divided into 46 pools and ground respectively. Thirteen positive isolates were obtained. Two isolates reacted with alphaviral antibodies and were amplified by alphaviral primers, nucleotide sequence showed the highest homology (98%) to Getah virus (AY702913.1), so the two isolates were identified as Getah virus., Conclusion: Getah virus was isolated from mosquitoes in Hebei Province. This is the first report of isolating Getah virus from inland of China.

Background: To disclose the species and distribution of tick-borne arboviruses in the southern part of Xinjiang., Method: Totally 5045 ticks were collected from 36 collecting sites of 23 places in the southern Xinjiang, which were made into cDNA pools with pd(N)6 primer through RT-PCR method. Then PCR was used to detect viral nucleotide sequence from cDNA., Results: All 34 cDNAs showed negative to flavivirus and California serogroup virus primers; but nairovirus and primers derived from Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus had amplified and yielded some obvious bands corresponding to the nucleotide sequences of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus. A phylogenetic analysis was done to the obtained partial sequences of L and S segments., Conclusion: Nucleotide sequences of Neither flaviviruses nor California serogroup viruses were detected from the samples. However partial L segment sequence was first reported in China. Phylogenetic analysis of partial L and S segments disclosed the molecular characteristic of Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus.