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Objective: To analyze the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of arsenic trioxide (ATO) combined with a modified N7 induction regimen in the treatment of children with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB). Methods: This study was a prospective, single-arm, multicenter phase Ⅱ clinical study. Sixty-seven high-risk NB children from eight units of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Wuhan Children's Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Hainan General Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Kunming Children's Hospital, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Guangdong Provincial Agricultural Reclamation Center Hospital were enrolled from January 2019 to August 2023 and were treated with ATO combined with a modified N7 induction regimen. The efficacy and adverse effects at the end of induction chemotherapy were assessed and analyzed, and the differences in the clinical characteristics were further compared between the treatment-responsive and treatment-unresponsive groups by using the Fisher's exact test. Results: Among 67 high-risk NB children, there were 40 males (60%) and 27 females (40%), with the age of disease onset of 3.5 (2.6, 4.8) years. Primary NB sites were mostly in retroperitoneum (including adrenal gland) (56/67, 84%) and the common metastases sites at initial diagnosis were distant lymph node in 25 cases (37%),bone in 48 cases (72%),bone marrow in 56 cases (84%) and intracalvarium in 3 cases (4%). MYCN gene amplification were detected in 28 cases (42%). At the end of induction, 33 cases (49%) achieved complete remission, 29 cases (43%) achieved partial remission, 1 case (1%) with stable disease, and 4 cases (6%) were assessed as progressive disease (PD). The objective remission rate was 93% (62/67) and the disease control rate was 94% (63/67). The percentage of central system metastases at the initial diagnosis was higher in the treatment-unresponsive group than in the treatment-responsive group (2/5 vs. 2% (1/62), P =0.013), whereas the difference in MYCN gene amplification was not statistically significant between two groups (3/5 vs. 40% (25/62), P =0.786). Grade Ⅲ or higher adverse reactions during the induction chemotherapy period were myelosuppression occurred in 60 cases (90%), gastrointestinal symptoms occurred in 33 cases (49%), infections occurred in 20 cases (30%), hepatotoxicity occurred in 4 cases (6%), and cardiovascular toxicity occurred in 1 case (2%). There were no chemotherapy-related deaths. Conclusion: ATO combined with N7-modified induction regimen had a superiority in efficacy and safety, which deserved further promotion in clinical practice.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of targeted sealing with high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement in the treatment of OVCFs patients with the fracture lines involved vertebral body margin., Methods: The elderly patients who underwent vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures from January 2019 to September 2021 were selected as the screening objects. Through relevant standards and further CT examination, 56 patients with fracture lines involving the anterior wall or upper and lower endplates of the vertebral body were selected for the study. There were 21 males and 35 females, aged from 67 to 89 years old with an average of (76.58±9.68) years. All 56 patients underwent secondary injection of bone cement during operation. Only a small amount of high viscosity cement was targeted to seal the edge of the vertebral body for the first time, and low viscosity cement was injected to the vertebral bodies during second bolus with well-distributed. The operation time, bone cement volume and bone cement leakage were recorded, and the pain relief was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS)., Results: All patients were followed up for more than 3 months and the surgeries were successfully complete. The operation time was (50.41±10.30) min and the bone cement volume was (3.64±1.29) ml. The preoperative VAS was (7.21±2.41) points, which decreased significantly to (2.81±0.97) points 3 days after operation( P <0.05). Among the 56 patients, 2 cases(3.57%) had bone cement leakage, 1 case leaked to the paravertebral vein, and 1 case slightly bulged to the paravertebral through the crack when plugging the vertebral crack. Both patients had no obvious clinical symptoms., Conclusion: In vertebroplasty surgery, targeted sealing of high viscosity bone cement and secondary injection of low viscosity bone cement can reduce intraoperative bone cement leakage and improve the safety of operation.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)-2013 regimen in the treatment of children with HL, and to investigate the prognostic factors of childhood HL. Methods: Clinical data of 145 children (aged ≤18 years) with newly diagnosed HL, treated with HL-2013 regimen in 8 tertiary referral centers for childhood cancer from August 2011 to April 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. All the diagnosis were confirmed by histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical examination. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were summarized, and the patients were divided into different groups according to clinical characteristics. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the comparison of survival rates between groups was performed with Log-rank test. Results: Of the 145 cases, there were 115 males and 30 females, the age at diagnosis was 7.9 (5.8, 10.6) years. Cervical lymph node enlargement (114 cases, 78.6%) was the common symptom of the disease, and 57 patients (39.3%) were accompanied by large masses. The most common pathological classification was mixed cell type (93 cases, 64.1%). According to the Ann Arbor staging system, there were 9 cases of stage Ⅰ, 62 cases of stage Ⅱ, 45 cases of stage Ⅲ, 29 cases of stage Ⅳ. According to the risk stratification: there were 14 cases of low-risk group, 76 cases of medium-risk group and 55 cases of high-risk group. Of all patients, 68 cases (46.9%) achieved an early complete remission (CR) after 2 courses of chemotherapy, and the CR rate was 93.8% (136/145) after first-line treatment. Disease recurrence or progression occurred in 22 cases (15.2%). Of all patients, 125 cases survived, 6 cases died and 14 cases were lost to follow-up. Among the survived cases, 123 cases were continuously at CR state,and the follow-up time was 55 (40, 76) months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event free survival (EFS) rates were (95.3±1.9)% and (84.2±3.0)% for the entire group, respectively. 5-year OS and EFS rates for patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were both lower than those for patients with stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ (χ 2 =6.28 and 7.58, both P <0.05), the 5-year OS and EFS rates for patients in high-risk group were both lower than those for patients in low-risk and medium-risk group (χ 2 =10.93, 7.79, both P <0.05). The 5-year OS rates for the patient with early CR and without early CR were 100.0% and (90.9±3.6)% (χ 2 =5.77, P =0.016). EFS rates for the patient with early CR (68 cases) and without early CR (77 cases) were (93.8±3.0)% and (75.8±5.0)% (χ 2 =8.78, P =0.003). Conclusions: HL-2013 regimen is significantly effective in the treatment of pediatric HL. However, the patients in high-risk group and those without early CR are prone to disease recurrence or progression. Stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ and without early CR were associated with worse prognosis.

Objective: To explore the application of three-dimensional CT and image classification in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture(OVCFs) by percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)., Methods: A total of 90 patients with OVCFs who were treated with PVP in Linqu People's Hospital of Shandong Province from April 2016 to March 2018 were selected as subjects. There were 31 males and 59 females, aged from 63 to 84 years old. Bone mineral density measurements were performed in all patients to confirm the presence of osteoporosis and imaging examinations were performed to confirm the presence of vertebral fractures. The fracture area was determined by MRI fat surpressed image before operation and three-dimensional modeling was performed to calculate the volume of fracture area. Three dimensional CT imaging of bone cement in fracture area was performed after PVP and the volume ratio of bone cement in fracture area was calculated by computer aided design software, by which patients were divided into groups for study. Forty-one patients whose volume ratio of bone cement in fracture area less than 50% are control group and the rest of 90 patients are observation group. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) were collected in two groups before operation and 1 day, 3 months after operation. The amount of bone cement was recorded after operation., Results: All operations were successful. There were 3 cases of cement leakage in control group and 4 cases in observation group. All patients had no obvious clinical symptoms. After continuous observation and follow-up for 3 months, no complications such as adjacent vertebral fracture, infection, bone cement displacement were found. There was no significant difference in bone cement doses and bone cement leakage between two groups( P >0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative VAS and ODI between two groups( P >0.05). All VAS and ODI obviously decreased( P <0.05) at 1 day after operation and in observation group the decrease was more significant ( P <0.05). At 3 months after operation there was no significant difference between two groups. This may have been due to basically healing of vertebral fractures at 3 months after surgery and the pain was no longer significantly related., Conclusions: PVP can significantly improve clinical symptoms of OVCFs and bone cement filling in fracture area is the key to the short-term effect of PVP., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© 2019 by the China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Press.)

Acupuncture therapy has a positive effect in the treatment of amblyopia. This article summarizes findings of the research on brain mechanisms underlying the regulatory effect of acupuncture on visual plasticity of amblyopia. In a multi-system and multi-level viewpoints, we elaborated brain mechanism underlying the regulatory effect of acupuncture on visual plasticity in amblyopia from the perspective of ultrastructure, plasticity, electrical activities, neural coding and visual microcirculation of the neurons of the visual cortex, and the targeting points from the visual center to the effector organ.

Acupuncture has been found effective for the treatment of amblyopia, and its mechanism has been investigated. A review of recently published research results indicated that when used to treat amblyopia, acupuncture induced changes in the action of neurotransmitters in the visual system, promoted the secretion and synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and stimulated the expression of genes related to visual plasticity.

Objective: To analyze the mutation type of FⅧ gene in children with hemophilia A and to explore the relationship among hemophilia gene mutation spectrum, gene mutation and clinical phenotype. Method: Sixty-two children with hemophilia A from Department of Pediatric Hematology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 2015 and March 2017 were enrolled. All patients were male, aged from 4 months to 7 years and F Ⅷ activity ranged 0.2%-11.0%. Fifty cases had severe, 10 cases had moderate and 2 cases had mild hemophilia A. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood in hemophilia A children and the target gene fragment was amplified by PCR, in combination with the second generation sequencing, 22 and 1 introns were detected. Negative cases were detected by the second generation sequencing and results were compared with those of the international FⅧ gene mutation database. Result: There were 20 cases (32%) of intron 22 inversion, 2 cases (3%) of intron 1 inversion, 18 cases (29%) of missense mutation, 5 cases (8%) of nonsense mutation, 7 cases (11%) of deletion mutation, 1 case(2%)of splice site mutation, 2 cases (3%) of large fragment deletion and 1 case of insertion mutation (2%). No mutation was detected in 2 cases (3%), and 4 cases (7%) failed to amplify. The correlation between phenotype and genotype showed that the most common gene mutation in severe hemophilia A was intron 22 inversion (20 cases), accounting for 40% of severe patients, followed by 11 cases of missense mutation (22%). The most common mutation in moderate hemophilia A was missense mutation (6 cases), accounting for 60% of moderate patients. Conclusion: The most frequent mutation type in hemophilia A was intron 22 inversion, followed by missense mutation, again for missing mutation. The relationship between phenotype and genotype: the most frequent gene mutation in severe hemophilia A is intron 22 inversion, followed by missense mutation; the most frequent gene mutation in medium hemophilia A is missense mutation.

In the present paper, the authors introduce a newly-developed "Acupuncture Needle Manipulation Training-evaluation System" based on optical motion capture technique. It is composed of two parts, sensor and software, and overcomes some shortages of mechanical motion capture technique. This device is able to analyze the data of operations of the pressing-hand and needle-insertion hand during acupuncture performance and its software contains personal computer (PC) version, Android version, and Internetwork Operating System (IOS) Apple version. It is competent in recording and analyzing information of any ope-rator's needling manipulations, and is quite helpful for teachers in teaching, training and examining students in clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the mental status, level of occupational health knowledge, health behaviors, and occupational health knowledge demand in operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants, and to provide a basis for formulating protective measures of occupational health for operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants. Methods: A cluster sampling was performed in regionally representative wind power plants in the wind power industry from May 2014 to June 2015, and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and a self-made evaluation questionnaire were used to investigate the general status, mental health, and occupational health knowledge demand in 160 operating and maintenance workers. Results: Of all respondents, 26.9% had mental health issues. The awareness rate of infectious disease knowledge and preventive measures was 11.9%. Of all workers, 96.5% wanted to know the occupational hazard factors in the workplace, and 96.3% wanted to get the knowledge of the prevention of related diseases. Conclusion: Mental health issues in operating and maintenance personnel in wind power plants cannot be neglected and there is a high demand for occupational health services and related knowledge. Comprehensive intervention measures for health promotion in the workplace should be adopted to improve working environment, enhance individual mental health education, increase the level of occupational health management, and protect the health of workers.

Objective: To investigate the characteristic changes in the infrared thermogram of chronic prostatitis (CP) patients and find some evidence for the auxiliary diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of the disease., Methods: Fifty CP patients and 20 healthy male volunteers were included in this clinical trial. The infrared thermograms of the subjects were compared between the two groups for characteristic changes. The values obtained were used for the auxiliary diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of the disease., Results: Compared with the healthy males in the same age group, the CP patients showed extremely significant abnormal changes in the average temperature value in the hypogastrium (H), pubis (P), scrotum (S), and groin (G) (P < 0.01). The average H temperature value of the CP patients was correlated negatively with the CP symptom index (CPSI) (P < 0.01, Pearsons correlation coefficient = -0.519), while the S temperature positively with CPSI (P < 0.01, Pearsons correlation coefficient = 0.446). In addition to the H value, the P, S, and G values were all correlated in different degrees with CPSI (P < 0.01), which the S value exhibited the most significantly negative correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient = -0.898)., Conclusion: There are some characteristic changes in the hypogastrium temperature of CP patients in the infrared thermogram, which has a potential application value for the auxiliary diagnosis, symptom assessment, and therapeutic evaluation of CP.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of cervical spondylosis by needle-knife treatment according to the correlated literature of RCT,to compare advantages of needle-knife treatment., Methods: Randomized Controlled Trials about needle-knife treatment of cervical spondylosis were indexed from Chinese HowNet (CNKI) and Wanfang (WF) from 2000 to 2012, then were analyzed the efficacy by Review Manager 5.1 software., Results: A total of 13 RCT literatures and 1 419 patients were included. The methods of included studies were poor in quality evaluation because of large sample and multi-center RCT studies was lacked, randomization method was not accurate enough, diagnostic criteria and efficacy evaluation were various, only four studies described long-term efficacy, most of the literature didn't describe the adverse event and fall off,all studies did not use the blind method. The Meta analysis outcome showed overall efficiency of needle-knife therapy was better than acupuncture and traction. Needle-knife therapy compared with Acupuncture, the total RR = 0.19, 95% confidence interval was (0.15, 0.24), P < 0.000.01. Compared with traction therapy the total RR = 1.30, 95% confidence intervalwas (1.18,1.42), P < 0.00001., Conclusion: Compared with acupuncture therapy,the overall effectiveness of needle-knife therapy is higher;compared with traction therapy, although,needle-knife therapy has a high overall effectiveness, but because of the loss of total sample size, the outcome RCT researches to confirm.

Objective: To explore electrophysiology mechanism of acupuncture for treatment and prevention of visual deprivation effect., Methods: Eighteen healthy 15-day Evans rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and an acupuncture group, 6 rats in each one. Deprivation amblyopia model was established by monocular eyelid suture in the model group and acupuncture group. Acupuncture was applied at "Jingming" (BL 1), "Chengqi" (ST 1), "Qiuhou" (EX-HN 7) and "Cuanzhu" (BL 2) in the acupuncture group. The bilateral acupoints were selected alternately, one side for a day, and totally 14 days were required. The effect of acupuncture on visual evoked potential in different spatial frequencies was observed., Methods: Under three different kinds of spatial frequencies of 2 X 2, 4 X 4 and 8 X 8, compared with normal group, there was obvious visual deprivation effect in the model group where P1 peak latency was delayed (P<0.01) while N1 -P1 amplitude value was decreased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, P1 peak latency was obviously ahead of time (P<0.01) while N1-P1 amplitude value was increased (P<0.01) in the acupuncture group, there was no statistical significance compared with normal group (P>0.05). Under spatial frequency of 4 X 4, N1-P1 amplitude value was maximum in the normal group and acupuncture group. With this spatial frequency the rat's eye had best resolving ability, indicating it could be the best spatial frequency for rat visual system., Conclusion: The visual system has obvious electrophysiology plasticity in sensitive period. Acupuncture treatment could adjust visual deprivation-induced suppression and slow of visual response in order to antagonism deprivation effect.

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture of "Zusanli" [ST 36, Ho (Sea)-acupoint] and "Zhongwan" (CV 12, front Mu-acupoint) on the expression of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA and SP mRNA in stress-induced gastric ulcer (GU) rats., Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, simple bundling group, GU model group, CV 12 group, ST 36 group and CV 12 + ST 36 (Ho- and front Mu-acupoint combination) group, with 10 cases in each group. GU model was established by binding the rat's four limbs to an animal board and to immerse it to cool water for 24 h. Manual acupuncture stimulation was applied to CV 12, bilateral ST 36 or CV 12 + ST 36 for 20 min, once daily for 2 days. The GU index was evaluated by using Guth's method (1979). GnRH mRNA and SP mRNA expression of the hypothalamus tissue was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)., Results: Compared with the normal group, the GU index values in the simple bundling group and the model group were significantly higher (P < 0.01); while in comparison with the model group, the GU index values were significantly decreased in the CV 12, ST 36 and CV 12 + ST 36 groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Following stress stimulation, hypothalamic GnRH mRNA expression levels in the simple bundling group and the model group were remarkably increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), whereas those of hypothalamic SP mRNA expression had no apparent changes in these two groups (P > 0.05). After manual acupuncture intervention, hypothalamic GnRH mRNA expression levels in the CV 12, ST 36 and CV 12 + ST 36 groups were evidently down-regulated and SP mRNA expression levels in the ST 36 and CV 12+ ST 36 groups were remarkably upregulated in comparison with the model group (P < 0.01). No significant differences were found between the CV 12 and ST 36 groups in the GU index, among the CV 12, ST 36 and CV 12 + ST 36 groups in GnRH mRNA expression, and between the CV 12 and model groups in the expression levels of SP mRNA (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: Acupuncture of CV 12 and ST 36 can relieve stress-induced gastric ulcer in the rat, which is closely with its effect in down-regulating hypothalamic GnRH mRNA expression.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Sanyin" acupoints (bilateral "Jiayin" and "Zhongyin") on the cellular immune function of rats with chronic abacterial prostatitis (CAP), so as to explore its mechanism underlying relieving CAP., Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, model, medication (Cernilton) and EA (n = 10 rats/group). The CAP model was made by injection of allogeneic prostatein purification liquid + Freund's complete adjuvant (1:1) and diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT) vaccine (0.5 mL). EA was applied to bilateral "Jiayin" acupoints (located at the bilateral groins at the horizontal level of the upper border of the pubic symphysis) and "Zhongyin" [the midpoint between the "Huiyin" (CV 1) and the scrotum root, punctured with filiform needle] for 20 min, once daily for two therapeutic courses (15 days/course, one day break between the two courses). Rats of the medication group were given with oral administration of Cernilton (13 mg/kg) once daily for 15 days. Following killing the rats under deep anesthesia, the prostate wet weight, and prostate index (prostate weight/body weight) were determined. Pathological changes of the prostate tissue were examined by light microscope after sectioning and haematoxylin (HE) staining. Plasma levels of CD4+ Th- and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were assayed with flow cytometry., Results: Compared with the control group, the morphological structure of prostate tissues of rats in the model group was severely damaged (proliferation of the prostate epithelium and inflammatory cell infilitration), which was relatively milder in the EA group. The plasma CD4+ level and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, plasma CD4+ levels were significantly increased in both medication and EA groups (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and the CD4+ level of the EA group was considerably higher than that of the medication group (P < 0.05). The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the EA group was remarkably higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found among the four groups in the prostate weight, prostate index and plasma CD8+ levels (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: EA stimulation of "Sanyin" points is beneficial to relieve chronic abacterial prostatitis, which may contribute to its effect in strengthening the cellular immune function via upregulation of plasma CD4+ and CD4+/ CD8+ levels.

Objective: To observe the changes of inflammatory cytokines in autoimmune prostatitis (AIP) rats treated by electro-acupuncture (EA) at Sanyin points., Methods: We selected 40 Wistar male rats in this study, 10 as normal controls, and the other 30 made AIP models by intradermal injection of protein purification liquid from the prostate of allogeneic male rats with dual immune adjuvant. Then we randomly divided the AIP models into a model, a Cernilton control and an EA group of equal number, the latter two groups treated by Cernilton enema and EA, respectively. After 15 days of treatment, all the animals were sacrificed for detection of the levels of TNF-alpha, iNOS, MDA and T-AOC in the prostate tissue., Results: Compared with the normal controls, the model rats showed significantly elevated TNF-alpha expression ([15.31 +/- 1.36] vs [32.20 +/- 1.65] pg/ml, P < 0.01), iNOS activity ([0.81 +/- 0.33] vs [1.25 +/- 0.23] U/ml, P < 0.01) and MDA content ([0.66 +/- 0.14] vs [0.91 +/- 0.21] nmol/ml, P < 0.05), but markedly reduced T-AOC activity ([1.56 +/- 0.16] vs [1.11 +/- 0.15] U/ml, P < 0.01). In comparison with the model group, the EA group exhibited significantly reduced levels of TNF-alpha ([17.32 +/- 2.69 ] pg/ml, P < 0.01), iNOS ([0.98 +/- 0.5 ] U/ml, P < 0.05) and MDA ([0.70 +/- 0.20] nmol/ml, P < 0.05), but remarkably increased level of T-AOC ([1.44 +/- 0.26] U/ml, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Electro-acupuncture at Sanyin points can protect the prostate tissue from morphological damage and reduce inflammatory reaction by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine activity, vascular permeability and inflammatory cell infiltration and increasing the activity of the antioxidant defense system.

Objective: To investigate the biological characteristics of childhood T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and their clinical significance., Methods: Immunophenotyping was performed by three-color flow cytometry analysis using CD45 /SSC gating in 23 children with newly diagnosed T-ALL. Meanwhile cytogenetic analysis was performed., Results: CD3(+) expression of T-lineage antigens was apparently higher than CD7(+) and CD5(+) expression. CD19(+) expression of B-lineage antigens was apparently higher than CD22(+), CD10(+) and CD20(+) expression. Myeloid antigen was expressed in 4 cases (17%). CD34(+) and HLA-DR(+) were observed in 4 cases (17%) and 5 cases (22%), respectively. cCD3(+) and cCD79(+) were expressed in 23 cases (100%) and 22 cases (96%), respectively. The chromosome detection in 8 cases with T-ALL showed hyperdiploid or Ph(+) chromosome (one case each). The fusion gene detection in 5 cases showed MLL rearrangements in two cases and positive SIL/TAL1 fusion gene in one case. CD3 expression was related with the complete remission rate., Conclusions: Immunophenotyping is an important tool for diagnosis of T-ALL. However, the immunophenotype of T-ALL is heterogeneous. So, immunophenotyping along with cytogenetic and molecular genetic analysis is needed in the treatment and prognosis evaluation of T-ALL.

Objective: To study the relationship between human parvovirus B19 infection and childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by the principle of evidence based medicine., Methods: Papers related to the relationship between human parvovirus B19 infection and childhood ITP published between 1994 and 2008 were retrieved electronically from the Chinese Journals Full-text Database and the Wanfang Data. These relevant papers on case-control trials were statistically studied by meta analysis., Results: Eight papers that met the inclusion criteria were included for this meta analysis. Five hundred and sixteen cases of childhood ITP and 246 healthy controls were enrolled. The meta analysis showed that the incidence of human parvovirus B19 infection in the ITP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (OR=13.71, 95% CI=7.07-26.59, Z=7.75, p<0.01)., Conclusions: Human parvovirus B19 infection is closely associated with childhood ITP.

Objective: To investigate the expression of CD147 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and its correlation with clinical stage, tumor size, bone marrow invasion, immunological typing, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration, and prognosis., Methods: Specimens excised from NHL patients were prepared. Expression of CD147 and MMP-9 were tested by streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC) immunohistochemistry and its correlation with clinical results were analyzed., Results: The positive rate of CD147 expression was 73% (45/62), 17 cases were (-), 11 cases (+), 34 cases (++) and 21 cases (+++). The positive rate of MMP-9 expression was 81% (50/62), 12 cases were (-), 13 cases (+), 18 cases (++) and 19 cases (+++). The Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that there was a positive correlation between CD147 and MMP-9 expressions in NHL (r(S) = 0.763, P = 0.034). Expression of CD147 was determined in relation to factors that included clinical bone marrow invasion, tumor size, LDH level as well as the clinical stage; expression of MMP-9 had a positive correlation with bone marrow invasion, tumor size and clinical phases. The 5-year survival rates (5YSR) were 78% (22/28) and 45% (15/34) in the cases whose CD147 expression was (-)-(+) and (++)-(+++), respectively, and 5YSR were 84% (21/25) and 43% (16/37) in the cases whose MMP-9 expression was (-)-(+) and (++)-(+++) respectively, the difference was significant. Cox multivariate analysis showed that both CD147 and MMP-9 were important prognostic factors., Conclusion: The increased expression of CD147 and/or MMP-9 correlates with a poor clinical outcome in patients with NHL.

Objective: To probe into effects of acupuncture on rehabilitation of nervous functions in the stroke patient of different OCSP types., Methods: The stroke patients were randomly divided into 4 subtypes (LACI, TACI, PACI, POCI) based on the OCSP clinical classification. The patients of every subtype were randomly sub-divided into an observation group and a control group. The patients in the 2 groups were treated with routine western medicine, and acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Taixi (KI 3), Xuehai (SP 10), etc. were added with reinforcing and reducing manipulation in the observation group and without manipulation of the needle in the control group. They were assessed with daily living ability scale (BI) at the time of enrollment, the end of 1, 3, 6, 12 months after the stroke, respectively., Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups for BI in LACI (P>0.05); there were significant differences 3, 6 and 12 months after the stroke between the two groups in PACI, POCI (P<0.05); in the TACI, there was a significant difference between the two groups for BI 3 and 6 months after stroke (P<0.05), with no significant difference 12 months after stroke (P>0.05)., Conclusion: Acupuncture has different effects on rehabilitation of daily living function in the stroke patient of different OCSP types.

This study was aimed to investigate the changes of silencer of death domains (SODD), survivin, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 in the apoptotic process of human leukemia cells induced by chemotherapeutic drugs in order to explore the molecular mechanism of apoptotic modulatory genes and to search for the new target of chemotherapeutic drugs. After Jurkat cells were induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, the translocated phosphatidylserine was labeled with annexin V/PI, and the apoptosis incidence was measured by FCM; The expression changes of SODD, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 were determined by Western blot; the changes of survivin mRNA and protein were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry SABC method respectively. The results indicated that high expressions of SODD and survivin could inhibit apoptotic signaling pathway; VCR down-regulated the function of SODD protein and effectively induced the apoptosis of Jurkat cells in a time-dependent manner and activates caspase 3 through the death receptor-mediated activation of caspase 8, in which caspase 9 and survivin were not degraded. It is concluded that SODD participates in the apoptotic process induced by VCR which induces the Jurkat cell apoptosis by downregulating expression of SODD protein and priming death receptor pathway. In the apoptotic process, the mitochondrion apoptotic pathway is not trigged.

Objective: To investigate Daxx expression and its clinical significance in children with acute leukemia., Methods: The expression of Daxx protein was detected by immunohistochemical assay in 50 children with newly diagnosed acute leukemia (34 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia and 16 cases of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia). Twenty children with normal bone marrow were used as the control group., Results: Daxx protein was expressed in 38.0% of 50 children with acute leukemia, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (5.0%) (P < 0.05). The children with acute non-lymphocytic leukemia had significantly higher Daxx expression levels (62.5%) than those with acute lymphocytic leukemia (26.5%; P < 0.05) as well as the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the Daxx expression between acute lymphocytic leukemia children and the control group. Daxx protein was expressed in 55.6% of high risk group of acute lymphocytic leukemia but it was not expressed in standard risk group of acute lymphocytic leukemia (P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Daxx expression is abnormal in children with acute leukemia and associated with some clinical features of acute leukemia, suggesting that it may play an important role in the genesis and development of acute leukemia.

Objective: To investigate the expression of the T cell-specific transcription factors T-bet/GATA-3 in recurrent aphthous ulcerations (RAU)., Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated by density gradient centrifugation from RAU patients and healthy controls. Expressions of T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA and protein in the PBMCs were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot respectively. The concentrations of gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)., Results: The expressions of T-bet mRNA were 0.73 +/- 0.14 in the control group and 0.12 +/- 0.04 in the recurrent aphthous ulcerations group, the levels of T-bet protein expressions were 0.73 +/- 0.18 in the control group and 0.24 +/- 0.09 in the recurrent aphthous ulcerations group, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The levels of GATA-3 mRNA expressions were 0.89 +/- 0.11 in the control group and 1.30 +/- 0.13 in the recurrent aphthous ulcerations group; GATA-3 protein expressions were 1.09 +/- 0.16 in the control group and 1.80 +/- 0.16 in the recurrent aphthous ulcerations group, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). In the control group, the concentration of gamma-interferon in the serum was (22.15 +/- 1.52) ng/L, which was significantly elevated compared with that in the recurrent aphthous ulcerations group (16.32 +/- 0.22) ng/L (P < 0.01), in the control group, the concentration of IL-4 in the serum was (25.58 +/- 2.59) ng/L, which was significantly lower than that of the recurrent aphthous ulcerations group (43.60 +/- 3.15) ng/L (P < 0.01). The ratio of gamma-IFN and IL-4 was positively correlated with the ratio of T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA and protein expression (r = 0.96, 0.94, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: Imbalance of transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 may be one of the key factors in immune dysregulation of recurrent aphthous ulcerations.

Objective: Survivin, a unique member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, plays an important role in regulating both apoptosis and cell division. Overexpression of survivin is associated with increased risk of recurrence and poor outcome in cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the expression of survivin and its location as well as the relationship between cellular location and expression of survivin and the therapeutic efficacy at the cellular level., Methods: The expression of survivin protein was detected by immunohistochemical assay in bone marrow cells from 62 children with acute leukemia and 40 hospitalized children who did not have leukemia (Control group), and in a human acute T lymphocytic leukemia cell line (Molt-4 cells) treated in vitro with daunorubicin (DNR). Cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry., Results: Survivin protein was expressed in 41.9% of the 62 children with acute leukemia but in only 5.0% of the Control group (chi(2)=16.66; P < 0.01). The expression rate of survivin was 46.2% in cytoplasm and 53.9% in nucleus in the children with acute leukemia (chi(2)0.3077; P> 0.05). However, the remission rate of patients in whom survivin expression was seen in the nucleus was significantly higher than that in patients in whom survivin was expressed in cytoplasm after chemotherapy. The survivin expression in Molt-4 cells decreased remarkably by DNR treatment in a time and dosage-dependent manner. DNR treatment also induced survivin transllocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and cell apoptosis in a time and dosage-dependent manner., Conclusions: Survivin may play an important role in the development and prognosis of childhood acute leukemia. The different expression pattern of survivin in the cytoplasm and the nucleus may be associated with therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in acute leukemia. DNR may reduce the survivin expression in leukemic cells and induce cell apoptosis.

Objective: To screen the FANCA gene mutation and explore the FANCA protein function in Fanconi anemia (FA) patients., Methods: FANCA protein expression and its interaction with FANCF were analyzed using Western blot and immunoprecipitation in 3 cases of FA-A. Genomic DNA was used for MLPA analysis followed by sequencing., Results: FANCA protein was undetectable and FANCA and FANCF protein interaction was impaired in these 3 cases of FA-A. Each case of FA-A contained biallelic pathogenic mutations in FANCA gene., Conclusions: No functional FANCA protein was found in these 3 cases of FA-A, and intragenic deletion, frame shift and splice site mutation were the major pathogenic mutations found in FANCA gene.