Search

Objective To explore the application of drones in blood emergency support during the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou in Shaoxing venue, so as to provide reference for future major events. Methods A retrospective analysis of drone delivery of emergency blood to two designated rescue hospitals in Shaoxing for the Asian Games was conducted. Ten emergency and 30 routine land blood delivery records from two designated hospitals in 2023 were randomly selected to compare with the blood delivery using drones. The blood temperature during the drone flight were monitored, the cold chain control during drone flight was evaluated, and the application of drone flight was reviewed. Results During the Hangzhou Asian Games, a total of 14 drones were used for blood delivery. The delivery time(min) by drone from the blood station to one of the designated hospitals was 11.83±0.09, and 20.80±3.29 by emergency land delivery and 23.23±3.54 by routine land delivery (P

Objective To explore the relationship between monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio （MHR） and the progression and prognosis of type 2 diabetic kidney disease （DKD）. Methods From January 1， 2017 to December 31， 2022， 269 type 2 DKD patients were selected as DKD group while 269 healthy medical check-ups during the same period as healthy group. And the differences in MHR levels of two groups were compared. According to median MHR， DKD group were assigned into low-level MHR and high-level MHR sub-groups. General profiles， clinical data， the incidence rate of endpoint events and cumulative renal survival were compared two groups. Cox regression analysis was performed for exploring the independent risk factors for poor renal prognosis in DKD patients and drawing receiver operator characteristic curve （ROC） for exploring the diagnostic efficacy of MHR for poor prognosis of DKD. Results MHR level was higher in DKD group than that in healthy group [0.4918（0.3788，0.6818）×109/mmol vs 0.2984（0.1867，0.4112）×109/mmol] （P＜0.05）； high-level MHR group had higher levels of white blood cells （WBC） [7.70（6.40， 8.70）×109/L vs 6.50（5.40， 8.00）×109/L]， neutrophils （Ne） [4.60（3.60， 5.53）×109/L vs 3.99（3.18， 5.19）×109/L] and monocyte （Mono） [0.69（0.60， 0.70）×109/L vs 0.50（0.40， 0.60）×109/L]， urinary albumin to creatinine ratio （UACR） [1214.59（373.48， 3410.02）mg/g vs 1050.96（180.26， 3341.06） mg/g]， 24 h urine protein （24 hUP） [3.21（1.42， 5.51）g vs 2.66 （0.58， 4.56） g]， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） [2.72（2.06， 3.40）mmol/L vs 2.23（1.63， 2.80）mmol/L]， serum creatinine （Scr） [152.10（95.20， 221.60）μmol/L vs 126.00（92.48， 186.55）μmol/L] than those in low-level MHR group； lymphocyte （Lym） [1.60（1.27， 2.20）×109/L vs 1.82（1.30， 2.40）×109/L]， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） [0.94（0.83， 1.07）mmol/L vs 1.39（1.15， 1.65）mmol/L] and estimated glomerular filtration rate （eGFR） [39.69（25.19， 65.10）mL·min−1·（1.73 m²）−1 vs 47.12（28.86， 73.60）mL·min−1·（1.73 m²）−1] were lower than those in low-level MHR group； high-level MHR group had a cumulative kidney survival time and it was shorter than that in low level MHR group [63（39， 72）month vs 72（46， 72）month] （P＜0.05）； MHR was correlated positively with WBC， Ne， Mono， UACR， 24h UP， Scr and LDL-C （P＜0.05） and negatively with Lym， HDL-C， eGFR and cumulative renal survival time （P＜0.05）； the incidence of endpoint events was higher in high-level MHR group than that in low-level MHR group （52.59% vs 38.06%）（P＜0.05）； baseline MHR [0.5492（0.4030， 0.7235）×109/mmol vs 0.4255（0.3117， 0.5134）×109/mmol]， UACR [2062.65（752.80， 4234.80）mg/g vs 608.56（88.63. 1912.44）mg/g]， 24 hUP [3.79（2.54， 5.53）g vs 1.58（0.39， 4.85）g] and Scr [178.40（134.00， 234.23）μmol/L vs 100.95（74.25， 152.10）μmol/L] were higher than those in DKD patients without endpoint events； eGFR was lower than that in DKD patients without endpoint events [33.45（23.33， 46.41）mL·min−1·（1.73 m²）−1 vs 61.59（38.57， 95.98）mL·min−1·（1.73 m²）−1]（P＜0.05）. The results of Cox regression analysis indicated that MHR was an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis of DKD； The results of ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of MHR was 0.747 with a sensitivity of 0.820 and a specificity of 0.605. Conclusion DKD patients tend to have higher levels of MHR as compared with healthy individuals. As an independent risk for the progression of renal function in DKD patients， MHR has some diagnostic value for a poor prognosis of DKD. However， its specificity is not high.

“Blockchain+education” offers a solution for trust management of degree/graduation certificates. Existing methods for managing degree/graduation certificates suffer from issues such as lacked optimization strategies for node expansion, neglect of node heterogeneity, and low through put. A scalable PBFT-like algorithm for trust management of de-gree/graduation certificates was proposed to address the above issues, called z-PBFT. The algorithm was based on a hierarchical design using regional grouping, with a model consisting of main region and sub-region node clusters. Local consensus was employed within the sub-regions. A weighted random allocation strategy based on TOPSIS modeling and entropy weighting was used to evaluate node performance and select a consensus committee node set. Analysis and simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm ensures security while achieving higher throughput and scalability in large-scale applications of degree/graduation certificate trust management.

Both real-time physiological data transmission and reduced energy consumption are critical to wireless body area network (WBAN). A joint optimization strategy for offloading and scheduling was proposed to minimize the weighted sum of age of information (AoI) and energy consumption by determining whether data should be processed at sensor nodes or the Sink. To handle the strong coupling between offloading and scheduling decisions, a two-layer Markov decision process (MDP) was used to approximate the optimal solution. A deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach was introduced to address the dimensionality issue. Simulations show that the DRL strategy performs comparably to the MDP under various weight factors and frame lengths. Furthermore, as the number of sensor nodes increases, the DRL strategy reduces the weighted sum by 3.58% and 24.9% compared to RRG and EG strategies, respectively, and converges twice as fast as the MDP.

【Objective】 Crops are vulnerable to drought and waterlogging at their seedling stages. Experience-based irrigation and drainage is not effective to alleviate water stresses that seedlings could face. This paper presents an automatic drainage and irrigation system we developed for seedlings of direct-seeded rice. 【Method】 The system includes a micro-sprinkler irrigation system and an automatic drainage device. They are controlled by a LoRa wireless communication network; the irrigation - drainage scheduling was calculated by the fuzzy control algorithm, based on the dynamics of soil moisture and growth of the seedlings measured in the field. The applicability of the system in the fields was evaluated using performance indicators and drainage device performance indicators. 【Result】 ① In the terms of performance, the delay in the response of the system was 0.398 s, the decision-making time was 1.348 s, and the errors of the information monitoring was ±1.48%. ② The automatic drainage device took 4-6 s to close or open, and the standby electric current was 21.7 mA. ③ Experimental results showed that the systems can control soil moisture at 85% of the field capacity 15 days after the seed-drilling; the survival rate of the seedlings was 83.9%. 【Conclusion】 The automatic irrigation and drainage system for seedlings of direct-drilled rice is energy-efficient. It can maintain soil moisture in the proximity of the soil surface around the designed value, alleviating water stress and improving the survival of the seedlings of the directly drilled rice.

[Objective] A method for the simultaneous determination of arsenate [As(Ⅲ)], Arsenate [As(Ⅴ)], monomethylarsenate (MMA), dimethylarsenate (DMA), Arsine betaine (AsB), methyl-selenocysteine (MeSeCys) and selenomide in food was developed by high performance liquid phase inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS), and a total of 10 kinds of arsenic and selenium element forms of As and Se, including acid (SeMet), selenocysteine (SeCys2), selenite [Se(Ⅳ)] and selenate [Se(Ⅵ)] . [Methods] Taking selenium rich rice as the research object, the best extraction method was determined by comparing different extraction methods and different kinds of enzymes. Moreover, different chromatographic columns, mobile phase composition, mobile phase pH, mobile phase flow, mobile phase methanol content and column temperature were compared to determine the best extraction and separation conditions. [Results] The optimal separation conditions were using Aglient ZORBAX SB-Aq chromatographic column with 20 mmol/L citric acid + 5 mmol/L sodium hexane sulfonate + 4% methanol as the mobile phase gradient with pH values of 4.0 and 6.0 respectively. Elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was detected using HEHe mode. The optimal extraction condition is Tris-HCl (pH 7.5) buffer solution adding 15 mg proteinase K and 15 mg proteinase E. This method can completely separate 10 different forms of arsenic and selenium within 5 minutes. In the range of 0～50 μg/L, the linear relationship between the forms of each element is good, and the correlation coefficient R>0.999 5. The detection limits of As(Ⅴ), MMA, As(Ⅲ), DMA, AsB, Se(Ⅵ), Se(Ⅳ), SeCys2, MeSeCys and SeMet are 0.10, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14, 0.22, 0.15, 0.15, 0.18, 0.12, 0.15 μg/L respectively. The spiked recovery rate ranged from 76.0% to 104.2%, and the relative standard deviation ranged from 1.1% to 8.5%. [Conclusion] This method is simple, fast, highly sensitive and fully meets the requirements for accurate quantitative analysis of arsenic and selenium speciation in selenium-rich foods.

This paper systematically investigated the progress of laboratory research and field application of biochemical composite enhanced oil recovery technology in the past 10 years in China and abroad. The synergistic mechanism between oil recovery bacteria， biosurfactants， biopolysaccharides， and chemical oil recovery agents such as surfactants， polymers， and nanoparticles was discussed in terms of improving displacement efficiency and expanding swept volume， respectively. In addition， the system construction and field application effects were analyzed. The results show that the combination of biological bacteria and their metabolites with chemical oil recovery agents has synergistic effects on interfacial tension reduction， emulsification dispersion， mobility ratio control， and viscosity reduction of heavy oil， and the field application has achieved good application results. Bacteria polymer composite profile control and microbial desulfurization and viscosity preservation technologies were explored in Shengli Oilfield， and estimated recoveries reached 9% and 10.3%， respectively. Biological ASP composite technology was applied in Daqing Oilfield， and the recovery of the pilot area has been improved to 22%. The biochemical composite enhanced oil recovery technology has great potential for application in the exploitation of difficult-to-recovery reserves in mature oilfields. The next step is to continue to deepen the synergistic mechanism between biological and chemical systems， innovate the integration and implementation process of biological and chemical oil recovery systems according to the differences between reservoir planes and inter- and intra-layers， refine the implementation plan for different development stages and reservoir spaces， and maximize the advantages of biological and chemical synergistic efficiency enhancement technologies through the three-dimensional balanced development of reservoirs to satisfy the demand for sustainable development of mature oilfields.

Objective To investigate the effect of clinical factors and inflammatory markers on platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) in children with chemotherapy- induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) and evaluate their predictive value, so as to provide reference for mechanism study of PTR caused by non-immune factors in children with cancer and provide clinical guidance for reasonable and effective platelet transfusion in children. Methods A total of 60 CIT pediatric cancer patients from Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between November 2022 and February 2024 were selected as the study subjects, and divided into the PTR group (n=30) and the non-PTR group (n=30) to collect the clinical data and laboratory markers before platelet transfusion (Plt). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of PTR. The predictive value influencing factors of PTR was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Plasma IL-1β concentration in PTR group was significantly higher than that in non-PTR group[67.43 pg/mL (29.38, 222.40) vs 36.38 pg/mL (17.27, 68.06); P

Background Upper limb motor dysfunction is a common functional disorder after stroke. Attention may have an impact on the recovery of upper limb motor function, but there is little evidence of correlation between upper limb motor function and attention. Objective To explore the correlation between upper limb motor function and attention after stroke, and to provide a new perspective for clinical rehabilitation of upper limb function. Methods A total of 480 stroke patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of 26 units in China from March to October 2023 were selected as the study subjects. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment Upper Limb (FMA-UL) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to evaluate the upper limb motor function and attention of the patients, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between the total score of FMA-UL and the scores of attention assessment items in MoCA. Results Among the 480 patients, 105 patients did not finish the complete evaluation, so finally, 375 patients with stroke were included. The average FMA-UL score was (31.26±22.49) points. The average MoCA-Attention score was (4.74±1.60) points. The average Attention-Forward Digit Span and Backward Digit Span task score was (1.62±0.63) points; the average Attention-Vigilance task score was (0.74±0.45) points; the average Attention-Serial 7s task score was (2.39±0.95) points. The total FMA-UL score of male patients was higher than that of female patients (P

ObjectiveTo understand the core information awareness of chronic disease prevention and control and its influencing factors among adult residents in Heilongjiang province, and to provide a reference for formulating chronic disease prevention and control strategies and intervention measures. MethodsFrom March to April 2021, a quota sampling method was used to select 5 238 adult residents aged ≥ 18 years old from 10 districts and counties in 8 cities in Heilongjiang province, including Nangang district and Daowai district in Harbin city, Yi’an county in Qiqihar city, Beilin district in Suihua city, Datong district in Daqing city, Luobei county in Hegang city, Huachuan county in Jiamusi city, Muling city and Ning′an city in Mudanjiang city, and Boli county in Qitaihe city, to conduct an online questionnaire survey and analyze the core information awareness of chronic disease prevention and control and its influencing factors among adult residents in Heilongjiang province. ResultsAmong the 5 226 adult residents in Heilongjiang province finally included in the analysis, 3 388 were aware of the core information of chronic disease prevention and control, with an awareness rate of 64.83%; the scoring rates of the dimensions of awareness of the severity of chronic diseases, healthy lifestyles for preventing chronic diseases, core knowledge of hypertension prevention and control, core knowledge of diabetes prevention and control, core knowledge of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease prevention and control, identification of cancer risk factors, and core knowledge of chronic respiratory disease prevention and control were 88.88%, 81.92%, 80.95%, 85.72%, 85.07%, 86.80%, and 83.02%, respectively; multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that adult residents in Heilongjiang province aged ≥ 25 years old and with a junior high school education or above had higher awareness rates of core information on chronic disease prevention and control, while adult residents in Heilongjiang province with occupations of manual labor had lower awareness rates of core information on chronic disease prevention and control. ConclusionThe awareness rate of core information on chronic disease prevention and control among adult residents in Heilongjiang province has reached the 60% target requirement for 2020 in the Medium- and Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases in China (2017 – 2025), but there is still a certain gap from the 70% target for 2025, and there are differences in the awareness levels of core knowledge of chronic diseases in different dimensions, with the lowest scoring rate in the dimension of core knowledge of hypertension prevention and treatment; age, education level, and occupation are the main influencing factors of core information awareness of chronic disease prevention and control among local adult residents.

Objective To investigate the key elements for model establishment and determine the evaluation indicators of animal models for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), providing a reference for improving modelling methods and optimizing the application of PID animal models. Methods The search query "Pelvic Inflammatory Disease" AND "Animal Model" OR "Rat" OR "Mouse" OR" Guinea Pig" OR "Rabbit" OR "Dog" OR "Pig" was used to retrieve relevant literature on PID animal models published from 2013 to 2023 in China Knowledge Network Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and PubMed databases. The studies were analyzed and categorized based on experimental animal types, modelling methods, modelling cycles, detection indicators, positive control drugs, and administration duration. A database was established for statistical analysis. Results A total of 214 research articles on PID animal models meeting the inclusion criteria were identified. The most commonly used model animals are Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, followed by Wistar rats. The most frequently employed modelling method is a combination of mechanical injury and bacterial infection, followed by the phenol mucilage method. The most common modelling cycles for acute pelvic inflammatory disease (APID) and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID)/sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease (SPID) are 8 to 14 days, while for PID models without specific staging, the cycles are 7 days. High-frequency detection methods and indicators include histopathological observation using hematoxylin-eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for serum-related indicators, morphological changes of tissues observed with the naked eye, and immunohistochemical detection of related protein expression in uterine tissues, and pathological scoring. The most frequently used positive control drugs are Fuke Qianjin Tablets, followed by Jingangteng Capsules. The most common administration duration for APID is 7 days, and for CPID/SPID models, it ranges from 15 to 21 days. Conclusion Currently, SD rats and Wistar rats are commonly used as experimental animals for PID models. The dual modelling method of mechanical injury combined with mixed bacterial infection aligns closely with clinical pathogenesis and can be used to establish a PID model that simulates postoperative uterine cavity infection. Depending on the research objectives, different positive drugs and detection indicators should be selected for comprehensive evaluation. Most existing PID animal model studies are based on western medical diagnosis, with fewer studies focusing on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes. There is a need to integrate TCM theories of etiology and pathogenesis to construct PID animal models that are more in line with TCM clinical symptoms.

Objective To screen the risk factors related to primary trigeminal neuralgia (PTN) based on radiomics. Methods A total of 48 patients with PTN admitted to Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the patients was measured, and the neurovascular compression model was constructed by head MRI examination. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to screen for risk factors associated with PTN, and the predictive efficacy was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve according to the risk factors. Results Among 48 patients, 42 patients (87.50%) had unilateral lesions and 6 patients (12.50%) had bilateral lesions. The MAP was 56.89-120.44 mm Hg, with an average of (94.32 ± 11.34) mm Hg. The neurovascular compression model of 54 cases was divided into the affected side (n = 40) and the healthy side (n = 14) according to whether the disease occurred. The neurovascular compression area (Z = - 2.823, P = 0.005) and neurovascular pressure (Z = - 0.365, P = 0.006) on the affected side were greater than those on the healthy side. Logistic regression analyses showed that high neurovascular pressure (OR = 1.001, 95%CI: 1.0003-1.0022; P = 0.011) was a risk factor for PTN. ROC showed the area under the curve (AUC) of neurovascular compression area for predicting PTN was 0.747 (95%CI: 0.605-0.890, P = 0.006), the sensitivity was 42.50%, the specificity was 100%, and the cut-off value was 25.34 mm2. The AUC of neurovascular pressure was 0.755 (95%CI: 0.616-0.895, P = 0.005), the sensitivity was 67.50%, the specificity was 78.60%, and the cut - off value was 1672.99 mm Hg·mm2. Conclusions The neurovascular compression area and neurovascular pressure are important in the diagnosis of PTN.

In order to characterize in-plane shear behavior of 2D-C/SiC composites，a macroscopic cross-ply laminate model and a microscopic mini-composite model were proposed，considering damage mechanisms such as matrix cracking，interface debonding，and fiber bridging and bending. By introducing the influence of thermal misfit stress and characterizing both the unloading elastic strain and residual strain，a temperature-dependent in-plane shear constitutive model for the material was established. In-plane shear tests with 2D-C/SiC composites were performed at room temperature to validate the model. It is found that the residual strain and elastic strain increase while the unloading modulus decreases gradually with increasing shear stress. The model was then used to simulate the shear behavior. The results show that the predictions of elastic strain，residual strain，unloading modulus， and apparent stress-strain relationship are all consistent with the tested data，which preliminarily illustrates the reasonability and accuracy of the analytical model. On this basis，the in-plane shear stress-strain curves of 2D-C/SiC composites at different temperatures are presented，providing a reference for thermal structure design.

Background Somatosensory and motor dysfunctions are common after stroke, both lead to limitations in activities of daily living and social participation, there is still a lack of research evidence to analyze the relationship between the two from multiple perspectives. Objective To investigate the relationship between somatosensory and motor function among overall, upper and lower extremities in different-age-group patients within one year after stroke. Methods This prospective study enrolled the poststroke patients within one year from several hospitals in Fujian Province from October 2022 to April 2023. The sensory subscale of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-S) and the sensory subitem of National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were used to evaluate the patient's somatosensory function. The motor subscale of the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-M), Brunnstrom assessment, Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the motor subitem of NIHSS were used to evaluate the patient's motor function. Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was used to evaluate the patient's activities of daily living (ADL). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate the patient's psychosomatic function. They were divided into two groups (the elderly group/the young and middle-aged group) according to their age, we compared the differences in general information and rehabilitation assessments between the two groups. And we analyzed the correlation between somatosensory function and motor function/ADL/psycho-psychological function. Results A total of 254 patients were included, with an average age of (61.0±12.3) years and an average disease course of 30.0 (17.0, 65.5) days. There were 112 cases (44.1%) in the elderly group and 142 cases (55.9%) in the young and middle-aged group. FMA-S and FMA-M scores were positively correlated in both groups (rs values were 0.313 and 0.171, both P

Sand and dust storms are significant natural disasters which affect East Asia and China in spring, occurring from March to May. Performances of CMA-CUACE/Dust, an operational Asian sand and dust storm numerical forecasting system of CMA since 2006, are analyzed. It’s found that the model overestimates in Central Asia, underestimates in northern Mongolia, and diffuses too quickly in downwind areas far away from the source area, especially in Northern China, Korean Peninsula and Japan, resulting in low peak values or less lingering time there for very extreme sand and dust storm events. A scale-adaptive dust emission scheme is applied by resolving the mean wind speed of the model grid into sectional one which can account for values larger than the mean value by Weibull integration function. This significant aspect is crucial because the dust emission is the third power of the wind in the dust emission scheme. New wind erosion database is also adopted which consists of the updated desertification by using twenty-year surface data and new parameters deduced from site observations in the heart of Gobi Desert, determining the size distribution of the emitted dust together with the soil texture data sampling from main deserts in China.After evaluation for the strongest sand and dust episode of 13-17 in March 2021 in East Asia in the past decade, and the consistent run in the same operational environment from 1 March to 31 May in 2023, it is found that the updated CMA-CUACE/Dust effectively improves disadvantages such as overestimation in Central Asia, underestimation in northern Mongolia, and rapid dissipation in China. The predicted peak dust concentration of the extreme episode closely matches observations in China both in the source area and in Shanghai after a 4-day transportation. Threat score (TS) of three-month forecast run also indicates that the improved model shows good consistency and continuity in forecast results across various forecast lengths. TS for 1-5 days with different forecast lengths is significantly higher than that of the previous operational system and surpasses those of Korean dust model—ADAM (the Asian Dust Aerosol Model). Furthermore, the missing rate is significantly reduced, while the false alarm rate remains almost unchanged. TS for episodes beyond the level of sand and storms are all above 0.3, with some exceeding 0.5. All these findings show that the improved model performs much better than the previous one.

The pore structure has a significant impact on the capability of coal seams to adsorb methane. But there is currently limited research on the features of adsorption pore structure in high-rank coal and its influence on methane adsorption capability. Taking the high-rank coal samples from Nuodong Coal Mine of Guizhou Xing'an Coal Industry Co., Ltd. as the research object, low-temperature N2 adsorption and low-temperature CO2 adsorption experiments are conducted. Combined with fractal theory, this paper studies the pore structure features of high-rank coal adsorption pores. Through high-pressure isothermal methane adsorption experiments, the influence of coal reservoir properties, pore structure features, and fractal dimension on methane adsorption capability is analyzed. The results show the following points. ① The pore morphology of high-rank coal reservoirs is relatively simple, mostly consisting of parallel plate pores and narrow slit pores with open ends. Micro pores dominate the pore structure of coal, with pore volume and pore specific surface area accounting for more than 98%, providing space for gas enrichment. ② The method calculates the comprehensive fractal dimension of high-rank coal pores based on the proportion of pore volume in different aperture segments, with micropore fractal dimension dominating the comprehensive fractal dimension. The pore structure of coal samples has obvious fractal features and strong heterogeneity of pores. ③ The Langmuir model can describe the adsorption behavior of high-rank coal. The physical properties, pore structure, and fractal dimension of coal reservoirs have a significant impact on methane adsorption capability. Langmuir volume is linearly positively correlated with maximum vitrinite reflectance, vitrinite content, ash content, and moisture content. It is linearly negatively correlated with inertinite content. The Langmuir volume is linearly positively correlated with the pore specific surface area and pore volume of the adsorption pores. The Langmuir volume is weakly linearly correlated with the fractal dimension. The research results can provide theoretical guidance for the exploration and development of high-rank coalbed methane and the prevention and control of coal mine methane disasters in southwestern Guizhou.

Objective To investigate the effect of Muladhara moxibustion on perineal injury during childbrith and physical rehabilitation of parturients. Methods According to the random number table method, 74 women with postpartum perineal injury were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 37 participants in each group. The control group received the routine care plan, while the observation group added the Muladhara moxibustion treatment on the basis of the routine care plan for 3 days. The wound pain, swelling, perineal wound healing and Traditional Chinese Medicine symptom scores of the two groups were compared. Results After intervention, the wound pain score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). The degree of swelling decreased more significantly in the observation group than that in the control group (P＜0. 05), and there was no significant difference in wound healing between two groups. After treatment, the scores of Traditional Chinese Medicine symptoms, such as fatigue, spontaneous sweating, lumbago, complexion and other clinical symptoms in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Muladhara moxibustion treatment can effectively reduce pain, swelling and other accompanying symptoms, to a certain extent improve the postpartum Qi and blood weakness, with high treatment safety and effectiveness. (目的 探讨新型底轮灸促进产妇产后会阴伤口愈合和体质康复的效果。方法 根据随机数表法, 将74名产后会阴损伤的产妇随机分为观察组和对照组, 各37例。对照组接受常规护理方案, 观察组在常规护理方案基础上增加底轮灸治疗, 持续3 d。比较两组伤口疼痛、肿胀情况、会阴伤口愈合情况以及两组产妇中医症候得分。结果 干预后观察组伤口疼痛分数低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01); 观察组肿胀程度减轻较对照组更为显著, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01); 伤口愈合情况两组差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。治疗后两组中医症候得分对比, 观察组产妇倦怠乏力、自汗、腰酸、面色无华等临床症候评分明显较低(P＜0. 05)。结论 新型底轮灸治疗可有效减轻疼痛、肿胀等伴随症状, 一定程度改善产妇产后气血虚弱体质, 具有较高的治疗安全性和有效性。)

With the aim of effectively removing tannin from Rosa roxburghii juice, reducing astringency, and enhancing its taste, chemical precipitation was applied, and ginger protein was used as the tannin remover. Besides, tannin removal rate and vitamin C (VC) retention rate were adopted as the key analytical parameters. In addition, single-factor experiment and orthogonal test were used to determine the optimal tannin removal process for ginger protein. The results were as follows: (1) The optimal conditions for removing tannin from R. roxburghii juice with ginger protein were a liquid-solid ratio of 30∶1.2 (mL∶g), R. roxburghii juice pH of 3.0, a stirring temperature of 5 ℃, and a stirring time of 30 min. (2) According to orthogonal test analysis, the degree of influence of various factors on removing tannin from R. roxburghii juice was liquid-solid ratio > stirring temperature > R. roxburghii juice pH > stirring time. (3) Under the optimal process conditions, the tannin removal rate and VC retention rate were (47.451±0.608)% and（75.904±1.244）% respectively. (4) Under the optimal process conditions, juice transmittance rate increased from (8.44±0.662)% to (92.47±0.397)%, the astringency of R. roxburghii juice was significantly reduced, and its flavor was improved. In summary, this study provides a novel approach and a new technological route for solving common key technical problems faced by the deep processing industry of R. roxburghii juice and also provides a certain technical reference for exploiting ginger resources comprehensively.

BackgroundUnhealthy lifestyles may constitute significant risk factors for dyslipidemia. However, limited studies focus on the association mentioned above among railway workers undertaking frequent shift work. ObjectiveTo understand the status of dyslipidemia and lifestyles among railway workers, and to investigate the association between the lifestyles of workers involved in different shift work schedules and dyslipidemia, aiming to provide a reference for the development of targeted intervention strategies against dyslipidemia in this occupational group. MethodsThe participants were selected from the in-service staff of a railway unit in 2021. A quota sampling approach was used to ensure the participation of at least 50% of employees from each department. Demographic and lifestyle information of the railway workers in 2021 was collected through self-administered questionnaires, while physiological and biochemical indicators were obtained through health examinations. Chi-square tests were employed to analyze the distribution of dyslipidemia among railway workers with different characteristics. Binary logistic regression was utilized to examine the associations between selected variables and dyslipidemia, and additive model was used to investigate the interaction between lifestyle and different shift work schedules on dyslipidemia. ResultsA total of 17392 railway workers were included in the study, and the total prevalence of dyslipidemia was 31.3%, with a higher prevalence reported among workers undertaking rotating night shifts (33.5%) and permanent night shifts (34.3%) than those with regular day work. The main adverse lifestyles among the railway workers were physical inactivity (59.6%), alcohol consumption (40.0%), and smoking (35.7%), and only 13.6% reported a healthy lifestyle. Furthermore, significant statistical differences in the prevalence of dyslipidemia were reported among workers with different lifestyles (P

Shiwandashan is one of the hotspots of biodiversity in Guangxi, and its main vegetation type is mountain evergreen broad-leaved forest. In order to understand the current community status and the development status of dominant species population structure of mountain evergreen broad-leaved forests in the region, this study was conducted in a fixed monitoring sample plot of 1 hm2 established within the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the Shiwandashan. Woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm in the sample plot community were used as the research objects to analyze their species compositions, diameter class structures, tree height structures, and the spatial distribution patterns of dominant species using the g(r) function. The results were as follows: (1) There were 7 517 woody plants with DBH ≥ 1 cm in the community, belonging to 52 families, 108 genera and 153 species. The dominant species in the community were Clethra delavayi, Schima argentea, Hartia villosa, Castanopsis hystrix, Engelhardtia roxburghiana, Ardisia quinquegona, Itea chinensis, Symplocos adenophylla, Eurya subintegra, Ilex pubescens, but the dominant position of dominant species was not obvious. (2) The overall average DBH of the community was 5.51 cm, and the distribution of diameter class and tree height was approximately an inverted “J” shape. The diameter class distribution of dominant species was mostly an inverted “J” or “L” shape, and the community had a large number of small and medium-sized diameter class standing trees, indicating a strong self-renewal ability of the community. (3) Dominant species coexisted stably in the community; the dominant species exhibited aggregated distribution in the sample plot, but there were differences in the location of aggregated distribution among dominant species. Overall, the community is currently in a good state of renewal, with the existence of dominant species in the top level community. However, the community has certain secondary characteristics and has not yet reached a stable top level community state. The dominant species can coexist stably and have the potential to inherit towards a stable top level community. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to strengthen management and promote the renewal and survival of the evergreen broad-leaved forest community in the Shiwandashan areas.

The online monitoring data of lightning arresters are susceptible to environmental temperature， humidity， and surface contaminants. However， conventional alarm threshold setting approaches for leakage current may result in false alarms. To address this issue， this paper proposes an online monitoring alarm algorithm for arresters based on the trend comparison of three-phase data. This algorithm utilizes a temperature and humidity suppression algorithm to mitigate their influence on the resistive current. It calculates the imbalance coefficients of the three-phase resistive current based on the corrected resistive current data and formulates alarm rules by combining them with the alarm thresholds of the resistive current. The algorithm is validated using lightning arresters in a 220 kV substation. Compared to the original single alarm rule， this alarm strategy effectively reduces the false alarm rate and improves the accuracy and practicality of online monitoring alarms.

Aiming at the problem of bacterial corrosion in the gathering and transportation pipeline of shale gas field, the corrosion behavior of 2205 DSS in sterile and bacteria-bearing simulated media [Containing 2.5×104/mL sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) and 6.0×103/mL ferro bacteria(FB)] was compared and studied by means of SEM, EDS, AFM and electrochemical analysis. Results showed that the pitting of 2205 DSS occurred in both environments, but the pitting of the sample in simulated water with bacteria was more serious. There were many dispersed attachments of elements such as Fe, O and S on the surface of samples corroded by simulated media with bacteria. Impedance analysis showed that the passivated film on the surface of the sample was vulcanized under the influence of microorganisms, resulting in a decrease in polarization resistance. Moreover, the polarization curve analysis showed that the corrosion potential of the sample decreased under the influence of microorganisms, indicating that its corrosion resistance decreased. Through the analysis of experimental results, the corrosion mechanism of 2205 DSS in the shale gas transmission environment was: when there was residual oxygen in the early stage, it was mainly the activity of FB that produced an anaerobic environment rich in iron; later, SRB proliferated in the anaerobic zone under the action of Cl-, producing sulfide precipitation, which intensified the corrosion of stainless steel.

Objective To analyze the routine test parameter levels of patients with colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer, and develop a prediction model. Methods A total of 580 patients diagnosed with colorectal adenoma (117 patients) and colorectal cancer (463 patients) were included in the retrospective study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to a 7:3 ratio: a training set with 406 cases and a validation set with 174 cases. Logistic regression analysis was used to establish a prediction model, and a nomogram was drawn. The model′s discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Univariate logistic regression analysis identified 13 potential predictors: age, fecal occult blood test (FOBT), fibrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (TT), albumin (ALB), white blood cell value (WBC), neutrophil count (NEUT#), hematocrit value (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed MPV, FIB, ALB, FOBT, TT, and HCT were risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with colorectal adenoma (P

[Objective] To quantitatively study the relationship between land use change and ecosystem service value in Sichuan section of the upper reaches of the Yellow River in the past 20 years, and to evaluate the effect of comprehensive ecological management in this section, so as to provided a basis for improving ethnic regional spatial planning, ecological environmental protection and management, and promoted the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. [Methods] Using the land use data of the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Sichuan in 2000, 2010 and 2020, land use change was analyzed based on land use dynamic attitude and land use matrix, and the economic value of the ecosystem service value equivalent per unit area of the terrestrial ecosystem in China was revised. The effects of land use change on the ecosystem service value in the upper reaches of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020 in Sichuan were quantitatively studied. [Results] (1) From 2000 to 2020, the land use area of forest, desert, wetland and water system in the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Sichuan showed an increasing trend, while the land use area of cultivated land, shrub, grassland and glacial and snow in the upper reaches of the Yellow River showed a decreasing trend, and the land use change in 2010—2020 was more significant than that in 2000—2010. (2) The ecosystem service value of the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Sichuan in 2000, 2010 and 2020, was 1.27×1010, 2.51×1010, 3.92×1010 yuan, respectively, showing an increasing trend. The sensitivity analysis showed that the analysis results were reliable. Amongall land use types, grassland made the most significant contribution to total ecosystem value, and the contribution rate of grassland ecological service was 93.90% and 72.90% in 2000—2010 and 2010—2020, respectively, followed by wetland and forest land. (3) In the study area, the value of each individual ecosystem service showed an increasing trend in the past 20 years, and the sub-value of regional ecological service function was regulatory service>support service>supply service>cultural service. Among the 11 individual functions, the significant service value was climate regulation, hydrology regulation, soil conservation and biodiversity. The sum of the four items accounted for more than 69.50% of the total value. Land use change in the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Sichuan affected the changes of regional ecosystem service value, and grassland was the most significant, followed by wetland and forest land. [Conclusion] The results showed that the results of ecological governance in the past 20 years have been gradually enhanced, and the ecological environment has continuously improved.

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystem trinucleotide repeat expansion disorder usually referred to the department of neurology with complaints of progressive muscle weakness and myotonia. This article reported a 33-year-old female patient with DM1 presenting with acute respiratory failure.Muscle biopsy in vastus lateralis showed significantly increased internal nuclei. Genetic test show CTG repeat expansions with the size of (847±76) in dystrophia myotonica protein kinase (DMPK) gene on chromosome 19. This case report broadens the clinician′s understanding of the atypical clinical manifestations of DM1, so as to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

The study of the ancient subterranean river system in the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin is still in its initial stage. Subterranean river caves are mainly classified based on the characteristics of the depth distribution and structural patterns of the subterranean rivers. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis regarding the spatial development patterns of complex subterranean river systems from geological perspectives such as structure, fault, paleogeomorphology, and water table. This hinders the understanding of primary and secondary relationships of subterranean rivers, spatial superposition patterns, and original connectivity relationships, thereby impeding comprehensive management research in the later stages of Tahe Oilfield development. To address this gap, an investigation was carried out in the S67 well block to clarify the developmental characteristics of the Ordovician ancient subterranean river system in the thrust anticline area of the main Tahe Oilfield. The study utilized methods like structural fault analysis, paleogeomorphology restoration, seismic attribute characterization, and vertical section interpretation to identify river types, classify systems, and examine geological origins. Noteworthy findings include the identification and analysis of a phreatic loop river for the first time. Results show that the S67 well block is located in a low-lying region at the southern edge of the karst platform within the main Tahe Oilfield area. This region features peak cluster depressions and karst hill depressions with minimal amplitude differences and shallow incision depths of surface water systems. The low-angle thrust structural style of the thrust anticline, combined with a network of faults, provides favorable dissolution channels for the multi-layered subterranean river system. In the study area, the Ordovician period is characterized by the emergence of distinct water-table subterranean river systems and phreatic loop river systems, all of which display a dendritic structure. The water-table subterranean rivers are divided into main, branch, and abandoned types, while the phreatic loop rivers are classified as ascending or symmetrical. The formation of ancient subterranean rivers in the thrust anticline area is primarily influenced by factors such as paleogeomorphology, water table levels, thrust anticline structure, and secondary fault networks.

With rapid urbanization, the formation of a governance model for spatial stock has become challenging in building a modern governance system. The process of "domainization" in spatial stock constantly affects the biopolitics of different groups during marketization. This paper introduces the perspective of Foucault's biopolitics based on the domain theory and constructs a domain politics framework indicating a tripartite coupling and interaction among social capital, spatial relations, and life politics. Through semi-structured interviews with, and questionnaires administered to, ordinary workers, middle managers, and top directors, we investigate the changing patterns of workers' biopolitics in the "Territorialization" of grassroots governance. The findings show that the "domainization" process relative to industrial parks has gone through three periods: first, when the state strongly shaped the construction of order and the state economy; second, when the government retreated and capital advanced on a large scale; and third, when there was tripartite competition between the government, workers, and capital. The structures of social capital, spatial relations, and biopolitics experienced a dramatic shift during the succession process of the three periods. The economic attributes of industrial parks shape the various spatial relationships of life and production among workers, middle-level cadres, and top directors, causing differences in the accumulation of social capital for the different classes. The compartmentalization of the spatial field has resulted in a reduction in workers' public activities and the weakening of social capital accumulation. The life politics of workers shifted from self-directed ownership of the A town mechanical farm to early economic dependency, then to full dependency on the park. First, this study bridges the gap in the study of "domainization" in production fields and provides a geo-theoretical perspective for understanding how workers' biopolitics is driven by this process in the context of the transformation in economic production relations. Second, the phenomenon of authority transfer in "domainization" is proposed based on the theory of state-society relations. A detailed explanation of the occurrence of semi-centralized governance in modern society is provided herein. Finally, study findings provide theoretical support and case studies on how sphere politics in grassroots governance affects spatial production relations, achieving integration of the disciplines of politics and geography.

The carbon peaking and carbon neutralization goals as well as the carbon trading system reforms of the European Union (EU) necessitate the synergy of energy conservation, pollution control, and carbon reduction in China to achieve low- and zero-carbon transformation of its manufacturing industry. This study focuses on the impact of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism on China’s manufacturing industry, clarifies the concept of a near-zero-carbon manufacturing system, and elaborates on its core content from the major dimensions of key technologies, measurement basis, and market driving force. It also proposes the technical development directions of the near-zero-carbon manufacturing system from the aspects of product manufacturing and power supply and suggests the establishment of a source-grid-load carbon measurement system to clarify carbon emission responsibilities. Moreover, the future development path for China’s carbon market is explored after reviewing the carbon markets both in China and abroad. The practical solutions proposed by the study is expected to provide a basic reference for promoting the high-quality development and low-carbon transformation of China’s manufacturing industry.

Objective To comprehensively analyze the reported preparation methods for animal models of perimenopausal syndrome (PS), to compare the advantages and disadvantages of various preparation elements and detection indexes, so as to provide useful references for the optimization of the relevant animal models as well as the standardization of their application in the efficacy evaluation of new drugs. Methods In this paper, literature research methods were applied using "perimenopausal syndrome" as the subject term. The publication period of the literature was limited to January 2016 to February 2023. Relevant literature on the preparation of PS animal models was retrieved from databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and PubMed. After screening the experimental literature that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, detailed information on experimental animal strains, modeling methods, duration of drug administration, positive drugs, detection indexes and other relevant information were collected. After the above information was standardized, the PS animal model database was established using Excel 2010 software. The model preparation elements and evaluation indexes were summarized systematically, and the statistical results were processed and analyzed using Excel 2010 software. Results A total of 247 articles were screened. SD rats (164 times, 65.86%) and Wistar rats (35 times, 14.06%) were often used to prepare PS animal models. Bilateral ovariectomy (139 times, 53.87%) and natural aging (43 times, 16.80%) were chosen as modeling methods. The ages of rats used for modeling ranged from 7 weeks to 18 months, with 3-month-old rats (22 times, 21.78%) being the most common. The detection indexes were comprehensively evaluated from multiple perspectives, including serum biochemistry, vaginal exfoliated cell smear, histomorphology, general observation, behavioral observation, and organ tissue protein immunoblotting. Western medical evaluation indexes were commonly used to test the successful preparation of models, with vaginal exfoliated cell smears being the most frequently used method (125 times, 85.04%). A model was considered successfully prepared when estrous cycle disorder or irregularity was observed. Some literature also determined modeling success by detecting a significant decrease in serum estradiol levels (5 times, 3.04%). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome evaluation often used a combination of Chinese and Western medical evaluation indexes for comprehensive evaluation, with researchers determining the TCM syndrome through vaginal exfoliated cell smears supplemented by general observation (3 times, 2.04%). Conclusion There are many methods for preparing PS animal models, but there are still significant differences in the selection of animal species, age, criteria for successful modeling, and TCM syndrome evaluation in the related literature.

BackgroundThe development of railways has a long history, but there is limited research on the health of railway workers at home and abroad. China's high-speed railway development has attracted worldwide attention in recent years, and it is of great significance to study how to promote the health of this occupational population to ensure the safety of railway transportation. ObjectiveTo identify development trends and hotspots in the field of railway workers' health at home and abroad. MethodsThe research literature related to the health of railroad workers dated from January 1, 1973 to December 31, 2022 was searched using the China Knowledge Network Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) databases. After screening and cleaning, the included literature was subjected to bibliometric analysis by applying CiteSpace 6.1R6 software to visualize and analyze literature co-citation, keyword emergence, and keyword timeline graphs, and by VOSviewer 1.6.19 to visualize and analyze country/region collaboration, keyword co-occurrence, and keyword clustering. ResultsDuring the period from 1973 until 2022, a total of 273 Chinese literature and 165 English literature were found to report studies related to the health of railway workers. The Chinese literature began to grow rapidly in 2009 and peaked in 2015, and the number of English literature published in a relatively flat state over the studied period. The country with the most papers indexed by Science Citation Index (SCI) was the United States (58 papers), which also presented the richest international collaborations. The document with the highest domestic citation frequency was published in the Chinese Journal of Mental Health in 1994, and the document with the highest SCI citation frequency was published in the American Journal of Epidemiology in 1994. The keyword co-occurrence analysis showed that the included Chinese literature mainly focused on health checkups, health management, hypertension, mental health, and chronic diseases and their prevalence; the included English literature focused on mortality, lung cancer, epidemiology, and diesel engine exhaust and its exposure. The analysis of emergent words showed that health management, frontline workers, and occupational stress were the topics of interest in Chinese literature in the last five years, while occupational stress, diesel exhaust emissions, and noise exposure were the topics of interest in English literature in the last ten years. The results of the timeline graph analysis suggested that the recent research directions in Chinese literature were health intervention, humanistic care, staff canteens, etc. There were few English-language articles related to this area after 2010. ConclusionThe research hotspots of railroad practitioners' health will keep changing with the development of high-speed railways in countries around the world. The outstanding rise of Chinese literature issued in the last decade has been in striking contrast to the slow progress and decreasing of English literature. The Chinese literature has gradually expanded the hotspots from chronic diseases to health management, occupational stress, and sleep disorders.

BackgroundU3Si2 is regarded as one of the most promising accident-tolerant nuclear fuels for light water reactors and is expected to replace the UO2 nuclear fuel in the future. Currently, spark plasma sintering (SPS) is an advanced technique for preparing U3Si2 pellets; however, the influence of SPS parameters on the performance of the pellets is unclear.PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of different sintering parameters (temperature and pressure) on the mechanical and thermal properties of the U3Si2 pellets prepared using SPS technology.MethodsThe thermal diffusivity of U3Si2 pellets was measured using a laser flash apparatus, and the thermal conductivity of the pellets was calculated. The mechanical properties of the pellets, including hardness, Young's modulus, and fracture toughness, were measured using nanoindenter. Thereafter, the influence of different sintering temperatures in the range of 1 000~1 300 ℃ and pressures in the range of 30~90 MPa on the mechanical and thermal properties of U3Si2 pellets were carefully examined.ResultsThe measurement results show that the thermal conductivity of the as-synthesized pellets increases linearly with temperature in the range 27~700 ℃. Moreover, increasing the sintering temperature and pressure improves the thermal conductivity of the U3Si2 pellets. The hardness and Young's modulus of the pellets increase with an increase in sintering temperature. They also exhibit a trend of first increasing and then stabilizing with increasing pressure, and tend to fully stabilize at 60 MPa. Moreover, the fracture toughness of the pellets decreases with the increase of sintering temperature and increases with increasing pressure.ConclusionsBased on the above results, optimized SPS parameters for the U3Si2 pellets are proposed, and this study provides a reference for the preparation of high-performance U3Si2 pellets.

ObjectiveTo provide reference for the disposition and clinical treatment of poisoning incidents， rapid toxin screening and the clinical symptoms and treatment of a case of Gymnopilus dilepis poisoning were conducted and discussed.MethodsUltra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect the remaining poisonous mushroom in the contaminated food. Based on an epidemiological investigation， case data were collected. The results of the epidemiological investigation and the liver and kidney indexes of the patients were analyzed.ResultsPsilocybin and muscarine were detected in the Gymnopilus dilepis consumed by the patients. The symptoms were similar to those of psilocybin and muscarine poisoning， which included hallucinations， nausea， vomiting， abdominal pain， and diarrhea. The liver and kidney functions were normal.ConclusionThe poisoning event was caused by psilocybin and muscarine in Gymnopilus dilepis.

Electrochemical mass spectrometry is an important technique for studying the mechanism of electrochemical reactions. Mass spectrometry has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, high detection throughput and high specificity, which enables simultaneous acquisition of qualitative and quantitative informations for multiple components, making it highly valuable in the monitoring of electrochemical reaction products and the identification of intermediates. In general, electrolyte is necessary for electrochemical reaction. However, these electrolyte salts are detrimental to mass spectrometry analysis as they not only cause condensation in the mass spectrometry inlet, leading to blockage, but also impede the signal of the target analyte or form adduct ions with target analyte, resulting in a complex mass spectrum and increased analytical challenges. It is of great significance to develop a mass spectrometry method to real-time obtain trace organic components in high concentration buffer salt solutions. Therefore, a novel atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) method was developed for online analysis of trace organic components in high concentration buffer salt solutions, and a small volume flow electrolytic cell, stable performance, and simple structure were fabricated for on-line electrochemical reaction, which employed Pt, Pt and Ag/AgCl as working electrode, counter electrode and reference electrode, respectively. After combination of the APCI-MS and flow electrolytic cell, an electrochemical mass spectrometry device and method for on-line analysis of the electrochemical process in high concentration buffer salt solutions were constructed. As a proof of concept application, the device and method were used to on-line and real-time study the electrochemical oxidation process of dopamine in phosphate buffer salt solutions. The experimental results showed that the APCI-MS method can efficiently remove the inorganic salts in solutions on-line by on-line thermal deposition, while the organic components can be ionized by APCI for mass spectrometry detection. The results of dopamine electrochemical oxidation analysis showed that dopamine was not oxidized under the oxidation potential at 0 V, and only the protonated dopamine m/z 154 [M+H]+ was obtained. When the oxidation potential was +0.3 V, in addition to the protonated dopamine, the protonated peak m/z 150 [M+H]+ of dopachrome was generated by losing 4e- from dopamine, and the protonated peak m/z 303 [M+H]+ of the adduct dopachrome and dopamine formed by the intermolecular hydrogen bonding were also obtained. When the oxidation potential increased to +0.6 V, the contents of oxidation products m/z 150 and m/z 303 were further increased. The results demonstrated that this method has great application potential in studying the electrochemical reaction.

BackgroundThe conversion of UF6, which is a primary nuclear product, to UF4 in fluoride molten salt phase is expected to be used in the preparation or reconstitution of nuclear fuel salt for molten salt reactors, thus simplifying the process of molten salt reactor fuel production. Determination of the concentration of the key intermediate UF3 plays an important role in obtaining the reaction parameters.PurposeThis study aims to establish a method for measuring UF3 concentration in solid fluoride molten salts.MethodsThe X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to test the homemade standards and obtain the internal standard curve of UF3. Firstly, the α-Al2O3 was taken as the internal standard to obtain the XRD peak height internal standard curve (R=0.986) and peak area internal standard curve of LiF-BeF2-UF3 molten salt. Then, these two internal standard curves were applied to measuring the known content of LiUF5 and UF3 solid mixed samples to compare their accuracies. Finally, measurements were conducted on rapidly cooled LiF-BeF2-UF3 solid molten salt samples and naturally cooled LiF-BeF2-UF3-LiUF5 solid molten salt samples to evaluate the stability and accuracy of the curve, and the relative error was obtained.ResultsIn the UF3 concentration range of 1.00~10.00 wt%, the correlation coefficient of the internal standard curve based on the peak area determined for of LiF-BeF2-UF3 molten salt is 0.995. Measuring results of solid mixed samples of LiUF5 and UF3 with known concentrations indicate that the peak area internal standard curve achieves better accuracy with a relative measurement error of no more than 8.7%. In addition, the results of the same content samples with different cooling methods confirm the good stability and accuracy of the proposed method with less than 5.4% relative standard deviation.ConclusionsThe established method can be used for the quantitative analysis of solid LiF-BeF2-UF3 and LiF-BeF2-UF3-LiUF5 molten salts with good measurement accuracy and repeatability.

In extreme scenarios， load aggregators may control the market to rake in excess profits. To address this， this paper proposes a market power assessment method for load aggregators considering multiple uncertainties under ice disasters. Firstly， the universal generating function （UGF） is used to describe uncertainties of faults on overhead lines and wind turbines under ice disasters. Secondly， by aggregating standard probabilistic functions of various uncertainties， the paper proposes a market power assessment operator to construct a market power assessment model for load aggregator nodes. Finally， based on the results of the clearance model， a spatiotemporal market power index system is constructed to identify key load aggregators with high market power levels and the corresponding critical periods. Case study results demonstrate that this method effectively quantifies the market power levels of load aggregators under ice disasters， and that load aggregators in regions with higher loads are more likely to exercise market power during severe icing periods.

Objective To investigate the effect of gradual adjustment of surgical position in prevention of complications of thyroid surgery. Methods Totally 100 patients undergoing surgical treatment for thyroid diseases were divided into the control group and observation group, with 50 cases in each group. Conventional surgical position was in the control group, while the surgical position was gradually adjusted in the observation group. The incidence of postoperative complications and patient satisfaction with nursing service were measured and compared between two groups. Results The incidence rats of postural syndrome, circulatory complications, muscle tissue complications and ocular complications in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0. 05). The scores of service attitude assessment and patient satisfaction assessment in the s in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Gradual adjustment of surgical position is potentially effective to reduce the postoperative complications of thyroid surgery and improve the quality of surgical nursing. (目的 探究渐进式体位在降低甲状腺手术并发症中的应用效果。方法 选取2022年7月—12月医院收治的甲状腺疾病行手术治疗的100例患者为研究对象, 分为对照组和观察组, 各50例。对照组采用常规手术方式和手术体位, 观察组基于常规术式及体位的基础上进行渐进式体位调整。对比两组术后并发症发生和患者对围手术期护理的评价。结果 观察组术后体位综合征、循环系统并发症、肌肉组织并发症和眼部并发症发生率均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。观察组患者服务态度评分和护理满意度评分均高于对照组(P＜0. 05)。结论 运用渐进式体位变换改良传统甲状腺手术体位, 可以降低术后并发症的发生率, 有利于优化甲状腺手术护理工作, 提升手术治疗质量。)

The 3D perception system functions as one of the core components for the safe operation of autonomous-rail rapid tram. Addressing the limitations of LiDAR systems used for autonomous-rail rapid tram in complex urban environments, such as challenges in perceiving distant objects, insensitivity to color, and potential failure, this paper proposes a pure-vision monocular 3D perception system for autonomous-rail rapid tram. Comprising data preprocessing, model training and model deployment, this vision-based scheme with a full coverage from data collection to on-board deployment enables the 3D perception of obstacles around autonomous-rail rapid tram, thereby improving the operational reliability in complex urban environments. The test results based on the autonomous-rail rapid transit dataset and Waymo open dataset show that the system can effectively perceive the complex road scenes in autonomous-rail rapid transit, achieving a final 3D average precision (AP) of 0.53, reasoning a single-frame of image about 56 ms, and meeting the real-time requirements of autonomous-rail rapid tram for the obstacle perception algorithm.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a new carrier system for food functional factors that can effectively regulate the release characteristics during processing, transportation, and storage. Methods: The interaction mechanism between gallic acid （GA） and epigallocatechin gallate （EGCG）, which were combined at different molar ratios （1∶0, 3∶1, 1∶1, 1∶3, 0∶1）, with heat-denatured whey protein isolate （HWPI） was investigated at various temperatures （298.2, 304.2, 310.2 K） using a fluorescence quenching method. Results: The results showed that compared with GA, EGCG had a stronger affinity for HWPI, and when they coexisted, they inhibited each other's binding to HWPI, resulting in decreased binding constants and reduced affinity. Pre-binding of EGCG to HWPI promoted the binding of low concentrations of GA to HWPI, but inhibited the binding of high concentrations of GA to HWPI, pre-binding of GA to HWPI inhibited further binding of EGCG to HWPI. The primary driving forces for binding GA, EGCG, and HWPI were ionic and hydrophobic forces. Compared with the single polyphenol system, the GA/EGCG （3∶1） system had increased ionic and hydrophobic forces in the HWPI reaction, while the GA/EGCG （1∶1） and GA/EGCG （1∶3） systems mainly used hydrophobic interactions as the driving force in the HWPI system. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a competitive relationship among GA, EGCG, and HWPI. The main interaction forces between GA/EGCG and HWPI depend on the composition ratio of the polyphenol complex. Compared to the binary system, the ternary system of GA/EGCG （3∶1） with HWPI exhibits the highest magnitude of ionic and hydrophobic interactions.

Establishing testing pyramid with building block approach is a widely accepted process for the structural strength verification of large aircraft. The historical developments and trendencies of building block approach and testing pyramid are briefly summaried in this paper. In the development process of US military aircraft of different types, the statistics results of the established strength testing pyramid are introduced. The amount of experiment content and the proportion of expenditure are compared from four aspects of experiment level, object, purpose and type to illustrate the importance and economy of the basic level test verification work in the strength verification testing pyramid. The development trendencies, application and limitations of the virtual tests for aircraft developments are also introduced, which can provide the reliable means of compliance to the developments of full scale components and whole aircraft.

In recent years, with the rapid development of life sciences, the use of laboratory fish in toxicology, genetics, developmental biology and medicine has increased dramatically, and they have gradually become important new model organisms. At the same time, the welfare of laboratory fish has also received increasing attention. Although the research level of experimental fish welfare is still in a relatively early stage compared to terrestrial experimental animals, developed regions such as Europe and America have established corresponding legal frameworks to safeguard the welfare of laboratory fish in research. This article elucidates the current developmental status of laboratory fish welfare, discusses the rationale behind the imperative to prioritize and enhance their welfare, deeply investigates factors influencing their welfare from the feeding stage and experimental stage. Moreover, it explores strategies for augmenting welfare standards, with the overarching aim of propelling the continual improvement of laboratory fish welfare in our country.

Objective To observe the fine structure of the trunk kidney in zebrafish, and to identify its secreted exosomes.Methods The microstructure and ultrastructure of the trunk kidney in zebrafish were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy, and the particle size of exosomes was detected by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA).Results The trunk kidney was close and parallel to the spine in adult zebrafish. The nephron consisted of renal tubules and renal corpuscles. The renal tubules could be further divided into three types: proximal convoluted tubules, distal convoluted tubules, and cervical segments. The renal corpuscles were composed of glomerulus and renal capsules. The periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining results revealed that there were abundant glycogen granules in the proximal convoluted tubules, with brush-like outline in the apical surface of epithelial cells. Under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), there were exosomes distributed in the lumen of renal tubules, with numerous late endosomes and few number of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells concentrating on the apical side. Meanwhile, MVBs were also distributed in the apical regions of the renal tubules and the podocytes of the renal glomeruli. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that CD9, CD63 and TSG101 were strongly expressed in the lumen surface of the renal tubules, but weakly expressed in the corpuscles and lumen. NTA and TEM results showed that the exosomes isolated from zebrafish trunk kidney were saucer-like outline, and the particle size mode was 144.4 nm, which was consistent with the characteristics of morphological futures of exosome.Conclusion The zebrafish somatic kidney has the typical structure of the mammalian kidney and is the urinary organ in the body. The renal tubules have the ability to secrete exosomes, and their formation is a process of releasing poly-vesicles to the free surface of epithelial cells into the extracellular space. This study laid a morphological foundation for further study of exosomes in urinary function in aquatic experimental animals as well as the development and application of related models.

As the incidence of male infertility has been increasing during recent years, it is urgent to reveal the pathogenesis of male infertility, as well as to develop the new drugs for treatment of male infertility, in order to solve the declining birth rate and aging problems. The construction and application of male infertile animal models is critical for drug development, which plays an important role in accurately evaluating the efficacy and mechanism of infertility treatment. A suitable infertility model not only can reduce the repeated drug efficacy evaluations, reduce animal usage and the cost of new drug development, but also has important reference value for subsequent clinical trial research. Male infertility laboratory animal models can be constructed through chemical, physical, endocrine, environmental estrogen, gene modification, and immune methods. This article mainly introduces the existing male infertility animal models available for drug development, and briefly introduces the application progress of each model to provide reference for the male infertility drug researchers.

Industrial dyes are bright in color, low in price, and easy to obtain. They are easy to be added to food by illegal traders for quick profit. Most of these substances have carcinogenic, teratogenic and other effects, which are harmful for human health. The rapid screening and identification of illegally added dyes in food will help to fight against such crimes. In this study, a method of direct analysis in real time (DART)-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital ion trap high resolution mass spectrometry (Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was established to rapidly screen eight industrial dyes, including alkaline orange 2, alkaline orange 21, alkaline orange 22, alkaline yellow 2, alkaline fuchsin, malachite green, rhodamine B and rhodamine 6G. Three kinds of swabs, carbon fiber, cotton and epoxy resin were tested for sampling, and carbon fiber was selected for its higher concentration effect and lower background interference. A bunch of carbon fiber bundle (1 cm, 6 000 pieces) wetted with 20 μL acetonitrile was used to wipe the sample surface, then the swab was analyzed directly by DART-HRMS. The ion source temperature of DART was optimized according to different targets. The positive ion mode was selected for HRMS. The target compound was firstly selected by the accurate m/z value in full scan mode, and then was confirmed by the two characteristic product ions. The mass errors for the eight industrial dyes were less than 3×10-6, and the limits of detection were in the range of 0.01-0.5 mg/L. The repeatability error (RSD) was no more than 22%. The method was applied to detect alkaline orange 2 in yellow croaker samples suspected of adding industrial dyes. The qualification results were compared with the results acquired by a national standard method, and DART-HRMS was proved to have the advantages of simple pretreatment, fast analysis and accurate qualitative result. Additionally, different sampling positions on spiked yellow croaker were investigated. It turned out that gill, abdominal fin and abdomen were three parts where dyes were easily deposited, thus these were most efficient parts for swab sampling from the outside of yellow croaker. This method can provide a reference for the rapid screening of illegally added dyes in food.

Birds are excellent indicators of ecosystems and environmental conditions because they are responsive to habitat change and have important ecological functions. When birds are dependent on habitat functioning in specific ways, the population trends of birds can provide insights into ecosystem function. We conducted monthly bird surveys and monitored birds in Maofeng Mountain Forest Park from November 2020 to March 2022 by combining line transect and camera-trapping methods. These results help estimate bird community structure, bird diversity, and habitat influence. The study area was divided into three types of habitat according to vegetation type and human interference. In addition, 6 line-transects and 30 infrared cameras were used in this study. A total of 2,253 independent images were collected with up to 3,561 camera days during the study period. A total of 143 bird species belonging to 16 orders and 46 families were recorded in this study. Among these species, 18 are second-class national protected species, eight are listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, and 10 are key protected wild animals in Guangdong Province. Pycnonotus jocosus, Pycnonotus aurigaster, Alcippe morrisonia, and Zosterops simplex were the dominant species in forest parks. Accipiter trivirgatus, Pitta nympha, Garrulax canorus, and Lophura nycthemera, which are rare and threatened species, were found in the forest park. Based on the residential habitats of these species, the dominant 80 species (proportion:55.94％) were in the Oriental biogeographical realm. The widespread species and the Palaearctic species had 32 (proportion: 22.38%) and 31 species (proportion: 21.68%), respectively. Ninety species of resident birds were dominant among all types of birds in the forest park. The main ecological type, with 132 species, was forest birds. In terms of eating types, most birds were insectivorous and omnivorous, with 67 species (proportion: 46.85%) and 46 species (proportion: 32.17%), respectively, suggesting that Maofeng Mountain Forest Park is an important site for forest bird communities. In terms of habitats, we also found that the Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and Margalef index of birds were highest in forest habitats and lowest in road habitats. The Pielou evenness index of birds showed no significant differences among the habitats. In terms of seasons, the Shannon-Wiener and Margalef indices of birds were highest in spring and lowest in summer. Nevertheless, the Pielou evenness and Simpson indices of birds were not significantly different among the four seasons. The Pielou evenness index was similar to the Simpson index. Moreover, a general linear mixed model was used for the analysis, which showed that the richness and abundance index of birds were significantly correlated with changes in habitats and seasons. In summary, there were different kinds of habitats, abundant forest bird resources, stable bird community structures, and high bird diversity in Maofeng Mountain Forest Park. Birds with a more stable structure and higher diversity in the forest habitat imply that decreased human interference promotes bird inhabitation. This study provides basic data for biodiversity monitoring and assessment in Maofeng Mountain Forest Park and its surrounding forests.

Objective To analyze the modeling elements and subjects of the animal model of skin photoaging, and to provide a reference for the preparation and improvement of the model and a basis for the scientific evaluation of the subject. Methods By searching and collecting relevant literature on the preparation of animal models of skin photoaging from 2010 to 2022 in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and PubMed database, the model animal species, gender, modeling method, modeling cycle, radiation source and its distance from the modeling site, cumulative radiation volume, detection indicators, and subjects (drugs or treatments) recorded in the literature were collated and summarized, and a database was established for statistical analysis. Results 257 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Among them, the most common animal model was SKH-1 hairless mice, followed by SD rats and KM mice; the gender of animals was mainly female, medium-wave ultraviolet B (UVB) was often used as the radiation source, the distance between the radiation source and the modelling site was mostly 30 cm, and the modelling period was usually 40-60 days. The cumulative dose of long-wave ultraviolet A (UVA) was between 100-150 J/cm2, and the cumulative dose of UVB was between 5-10 J/cm2. The tests used after model establishment were skin histopathological examination, skin tissue homogenization, fibre staining, immunoblotting, etc. Subjects included Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese herbal extracts, Chinese patent medicines, Chinese herbal compound medicines, chemical drugs, biological agents and other treatments, while the animal model of skin photoaging was also used for clinical efficacy studies of external Chinese medicine, physiotherapy and positive control drugs. Conclusion In skin photoaging animal experiments, female SKH-1 hairless mice are often used, and UVB is used as the radiation source. The modeling period is usually 40-60 days, and the minimum erythema dose (MED) is incremented week by week. The cumulative UVB irradiation dose ranges from 0 to 10 J/cm2, which has the advantages of high success rate, good reproducibility and high similarity with clinical disease.

Objective To analysis the modeling characteristics of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) animal models, and provide the reference for the standardization of DOR animal models. Methods The research articles on DOR animal models were retrieved. Microsoft Excel 2010 software was used to summarize the experimental animal species, modeling methods, modeling cycles, high-frequency detection indexes and types of positive drugs documented in the literature, and the data results were evaluated and analyzed by NoteExpress software. Results A total of 93 research articles on DOR that met the criteria were enrolled. And it was found that, SD rat was the most frequently used animal type (68 times, 73.12%), followed by C57BL/6 mouse (13 times, 13.98%), while the tripterygium wilfordii treatment was the most frequently used modeling method (38 times, 40.86%), followed by the cyclophosphamide treatment (28 times, 30.11%) for DOR animal models. The high frequency detection indicators were vaginal exfoliation cytology detection (93 times, 23.97%) and HE staining to observe histopathological changes (72 times, 18.56%). Among these 64 research articles containing positive control drugs, the most frequently used western drug was estrogen (50 times,62.50%) and Chinese Traditional medicine was Kuntai capsules (2 times, 2.50%). Conclusions SD rats are mostly used to induce modeling in animal experiments on DOR through tripterygium wilfordii and cyclophosphamide, which can effectively improve the experimental efficiency. It is recommended to integrate the results of ovarian histopathology and serum biochemical indexes for model assessment.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of neonatal lactic acidosis and thrombocytopenia induced by multi-oil fat emulsions （SMOF）， aiming to deepen clinicians’ understanding of adverse reactions to this drug. Methods Clinical data of two male neonates who suffered from lactic acidosis and/or thrombocytopenia after using intravenous SMOF for more than two weeks were analyzed. Literature review was conduced from PubMed， SinoMed， CNKI， Wanfang Data and CMAPH using the keywords of “neonate”， “multi-oil fat emulsions”， “lactic acidosis”， and “thrombocytopenia” in both Chinese and English. Clinical data of retrieved cases were collected and analyzed. Results Blood lactate， acidosis， and platelets returned to normal in two cases after terminating SMOF. Eight cases of fat overload syndrome caused by fat emulsion injection were retrieved by literature review， and one of them was treated with SMOF. All eight cases were improved after terminating intravenous fat emulsion， and four of them also received blood exchange therapy. Conclusions SMOF can cause neonatal lactic acidosis and/or thrombocytopenia. Clinicians should deepen the understanding of adverse reactions to this drug and lower the misdiagnosis and mistherapy rates.