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As dietary habits and the quality of life change, the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has increased year by year and has become one of the major public health problems in the world. Due to the complexity of the disease, no drug has been approved for its treatment. Propolis is a natural gelatinous product with extensive pharmacological activities, which can be used in clinical treatment of coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and other diseases. Studies have shown that propolis and its phenolic compounds have pharmacological activities such as hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, making them promising in alleviating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, this article reviews recent studies on propolis and its phenolic compounds in alleviating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in order to provide a theoretical reference for research on the alleviative effect of propolis on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

In this study, high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) were prepared using soybean isolate protein microgel particles, which were prepared by gel disruption, as a stabilizer. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed that the oil droplets were encapsulated within protein particles, and some of them were observed to exhibit a polyhedral morphology due to stacking, which is a typical feature of typical O/W-type HIPPEs. Increasing oil content and protein particle concentration improved the viscosity, storage modulus and gel strength of the system, which endowed the emulsion with 3D printing ability. When the oil content was 75% and the protein particle concentration was 3.0%, the accuracy and stability of the printed model were 93.35% and 98.72%, respectively. The results of this study indicated that HIPPEs can be used as an effective ink for 3D printing of food products, which provide a theoretical basis for expanding the application of 3D printing in the food field.

Background With the intensifying trend of population aging, cognitive impairment has become one of China's significant public health challenges. The impact of lifestyle on cognitive impairment warrants further exploration. Objective This study aims to ascertain the prevalence of cognitive impairment among the elderly in the Baoshan District of Shanghai and analyze how educational level, economic status, lifestyle, and comorbidities affect cognitive impairment, providing a scientific basis for early prevention and control. Methods From July 2020 to August 2020, a stratified random sampling method was employed to survey 374 residents aged 65 and older in the Dachang Community of Baoshan District, using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic Scale (MoCA-B) for cognitive evaluation. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing cognitive impairment among the elderly. Results A total of 374 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with a response rate of 100.0%. The prevalence of cognitive impairment among the suburban elderly population over the age of 65 in Shanghai was 37.7% (141/374). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that socializing and chatting (OR=0.574, 95%CI=0.350-0.941) were protective factors against cognitive impairment (P

[Objective] This study was aimed to investigate the effects of organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer with equal nitrogen under different nitrogen application rates on the growth, yield and water-fertilizer use efficiency of spring maize in the dry zone of northern Shaanxi. [Methods] Multiple regression analysis and three-dimensional fitting models were used to establishing an optimal nitrogen management model for spring maize cultivation in northern Shaanxi. In this experiment, three nitrogen application levels (240, 180, 120 kg/hm2 for N1, N2, N3, respectively) and five organic manure replacing chemical fertilizer with equal nitrogen ratios (R0, R12.5, R25, R37.5, R50 for 100% chemical fertilizer nitrogen, 12.5% organic fertilizer nitrogen+87.5% chemical fertilizer nitrogen, 25% organic fertilizer nitrogen+75% chemical fertilizer nitrogen, 37.5% organic fertilizer nitrogen+62.5% chemical fertilizer nitrogen, 50% organic fertilizer nitrogen+50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen, respectively), a total of 15 treatments. During the main reproductive period of spring maize, spring maize growth and yield and yield components were measured, and water consumption (ET), water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen fertilizer partial productivity (NPFP) and economic benefits were calculated. [Results] The Logistic function had a high fit for dry matter accumulation in spring maize, the R12.5 treatment delayed the start, the end and the appearance of the maximum value of the period of rapid dry matter accumulation, and the N2 treatment enhanced the maximum daily growth rate of dry matter accumulation. Nitrogen application and replacement ratio significantly affected dry matter accumulation, yield and components, ET, NPFP and economic efficiency of spring maize (p

Objective To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy in children with sepsis， aiming to provide reference for enhancing the diagnosis and treatment levels of clinicians. Methods Clinical data of children with sepsis were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into the sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group and non-sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group according to whether sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy occurred.Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between two groups. The risk factors of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy were analyzed. Results Three hundred and ninty-eight children with sepsis were included in this study， and the incidence of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy was 15.58%（62/398）. The age of children in the sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group was 49 （18， 108） months， older than 19 （6， 52） months in the non-sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group. The incidence of septic shock in the sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group was 83.87%（52/62）， which was higher than 42.56% （143/336） in the non-sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group. The mortality rate in the sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group was 29.03% （18/62）， significantly higher than 14.58% （49/336） in the non-sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy group. All differences were statistically significant （all P < 0.05）.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influence of age on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy was statistically significant （OR=1.010， 95%CI 1.003-1.017， P = 0.006）. The higher the lactic acid level， the higher the risk of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy， with statistical significance （OR=1.163， 95%CI 1.034-1.308， P = 0.012）. The higher the cTnI level， the higher the risk of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy， with statistical significance （OR=9.929， 95%CI 4.651-21.197， P < 0.001）. Conclusions Compared with children with non-sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy， children with sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy are more prone to septic shock and have higher mortality. Age， lactic acid and cTnI levels are the independent influencing factors for sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy in children.

Driven by both business and technology, the communication industry is focused on smart network operations. It is an industry consensus to promote network intelligent operation with autonomous networks as the driving force. It was analyzed that operational support system (OSS) was the core component of the three-layer architecture of autonomous network, and the key to improve the level of autonomous networks was to enhance the intelligence capability of OSS. Specific implementation schemes such as the definition method of OSS product business scope, the analysis of the shortcoming of OSS product ability,and systematic improvement of OSS product capabilities driven by autonomous networks were elaborated. The solution was described in detail using the digital operation value scenario of broadband services as an example. Finally, the intelligent ability map of OSS driven by autonomous network was discussed. Improving the intelligence capability of OSS for autonomous network can effectively promote the research and development direction of OSS, and guide the planning and research and development of OSS products for operators.

In order to rapidly and non-destructively detect gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in Rhizoma Gastrodiae, near infrared spectral data of the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl. f. glauca S. Chow were collected in the wavelength range of 900–1 700 nm. First, convolutional smoothing (SG) and standard normal variable transformation (SNV) were used for spectral data preprocessing. Second, feature wavelength extraction was carried out by competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and iteratively retains informative variables (IRIV). According to the results of establishing least squares support vector machine (LSSVR) model based on feature wavelength, the best method of feature wavelength extraction was selected. In order to improve the accuracy of the model, this study introduced the artificial rabbits optimization (ARO) algorithm to optimize the regularization parameter γ and the kernel function density σ2 in LSSVR and the superiority of ARO to particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grey wolf optimizer (GWO) was evaluated. The results showed that the ARO algorithm was superior to PSO and GWO in in terms of optimization speed and ability. The best prediction models for gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol were CARS-ARO-LSSVR, with prediction correlation coefficient (R2p) of 0.969 6 and 0.957 7, and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.014 and 0.020, respectively. Therefore, this study shows that near-infrared spectroscopy can be used for quantitative detection of active components in Rhizoma Gastrodiae, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of rapid detection devices for Rhizoma Gastrodiae.

Tumor metastasis is closely related to high mortality rate of cancer. It is well known that glutamine plays an important role in the malignant progression of cancer. Notably, as an important carbon and nitrogen donor, glutamine has been found to be closely related to tumor metastasis in recent years. Glutamine is not only involved in regulating the proliferation of tumor cells, but is also closely related to the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Furthermore, various enzymes along with transporters in the metabolism of glutamine are involved in the process of tumor metastasis through different signaling pathways. This review provided a summary of the role of glutamine in tumor metastasis in recent years and proposed therapeutic targets to provide new strategies for the clinical treatment of tumor metastases.

In order to evaluate the autonomous combat effectiveness of ground-attack UAV efficiently, quickly and objectively, weighted mean of vectors algorithm (INFO) and K-fold cross-validation method are introduced to optimize the random forest algorithm (RF) to find the optimal parameter combination, and an autonomous combat effectiveness evaluation method based on optimized random forest is proposed. Firstly, based on the theory of weighted mean of vectors algorithm, the number and maximum depth of the random forest decision tree model are optimized. Secondly, combined with the ground-attack UAV combat tasks, the main operational factors of autonomous combat effectiveness evalua-tion are analyzed, the evaluation index system of autonomous combat effectiveness of ground-attack UAV is summarized, and the evaluation model of autonomous combat effectiveness of UAV based on INFO-RF is established. Finally, the evaluation model is verified by an example and compared with the traditional RF model, GA-RF model and SVM model. The results show that the output results of INFO-RF model have higher fitting degree and more accurate evaluation value. The results of the example effectively verify the rationality of the proposed method and the reliability of the optimization model.

The research on electric drive wheel technology is an important direction of the research on the new energy drive system in the future. With the increasing requirements of the electric drive wheel on the speed, the oil churning power loss has become a non-negligible part, even up to 50%-80% of the total power loss. The existing calculation method of churning loss mainly adopts simple empirical formula, which cannot be applied to complex planetary gear transmission. The splash lubrication of the two-stage planetary gear drive is simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software and C language user defined function (UDF), and the visualization of oil gas two-phase transient flow field is realized; by extracting the surface pressure and the viscous force, the churning loss of the sun gears, planet gears and planet carriers are obtained; the simulation and analysis of the 25 working conditions show that the churning loss varies with the immersion depth and speed; the results show that the oil churning power loss increases with the oil immersion depth and the speed, and there is no obvious inflection point. To achieve the minimum oil stirring loss, the minimum oil immersion depth should be taken on the premise of ensuring full lubrication.

In order to identify Panax notoginseng powders from different root parts, an electronic nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the volatile components of the whole root powder, rhizome powder, taproot powder, lateral root powder and fibrous root powder of P. notoginseng. The data obtained were analyzed by multiple comparison. The statistical learning method was used to extract eight time-domain features from the response curves of the electronic nose, and correlation analysis was carried out. Three feature selection algorithms were used to reduce the dimension of the feature data. Classification models were built using support vector machine (SVM), least square support vector machine (LSSVM) or extreme learning machine (ELM) based on the original feature data or the three kinds of feature selection data. The grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm was introduced to optimize the parameters gam and sig2 in the classification model. The results showed that a total of 31 volatile compounds were detected in the five P. notoginseng powders. The best GWO-IRIV-LSSVM model could effectively distinguish the electronic nose data, with 97.5% accuracy for the test set. Moreover, the volatile composition of the five samples differed mainly in terms of the contents of total volatiles, alkanes, and aromatic compounds, which was consistent with the results of GC-MS. The method used in this study can be used for the detection of high-quality P. notoginseng powder from geo-authentic production areas mixed with low-quality P. notoginseng powder.

Photodynamic therapy （PDT） is a non-invasive treatment method that combines light sources and photosensitizers. It is currently widely applied in clinical practice to treat acne， genital warts， and multiple tumor diseases. The mechanism of PDT is complex. Researches have found that the efficacy of PDT seems to be closely related to the degree of acute inflammation it causes. IL-6 is a common pro-inflammatory factor that belongs to the category of interleukin （IL）. It is produced by fibroblasts， monocytes/macrophages， and T lymphocytes. It exerts multiple effects on inflammation and immune responses. IL-6 can be induced by PDT in vivo and in vitro. In this article， research progress in the application of IL-6 in PDT was reviewed.

Objective To investigate the readiness for hospital discharge and its influencing factors among patients undergoing initial catheterization for peritoneal dialysis. Methods Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted to 10 patients undergoing initial catheterization for peritoneal dialysis. Data were analyzed by Colaizzi`s method of phenomenological analysis. Results After refining the initial code, extracted codes were grouped into a four-dimensional model: adult attachment, role conflict, low utilization of community resources and lack of critical thinking. Conclusion The readiness for hospital discharge may be affected by various factors among patients undergoing initial catheterization for peritoneal dialysis. Targeted interventions should be carried out based on the needs analysis of patients. (目的 探究初次置管的腹膜透析患者出院准备度的现状及其影响因素。方法 选取10名初次置管的腹膜透析患者进行面对面的半结构化访谈, 访谈资料采用Colaizzi现象学分析方法进行整理分析, 找出代码, 形成类属。结果 腹膜透析初次置管患者出院准备度及其影响因素归纳总结为4个主题: 成人依恋; 角色冲突; 社区资源利用度低; 批判性思维缺失。结论 腹膜透析患者初次置管出院准备度影响因素众多, 应根据患者不同方面的需求, 采取有效干预措施。)

The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is one of the most open regions in China, with the strongest economic vitality and fastest population growth, playing an important role in China's development strategy. Using GBA as the research area, Luojia1-01 radiance images and high-precision land type data from 2022 were merged to obtain the noctilucent index of land fusion. Stepwise regression models based on district-level administrative divisions were constructed and their accuracy was verified. Finally, the 500 m spatial distribution characteristics of the population for the GBA in 2020 were analyzed from multiple perspectives, including population size and density, spatial directivity, spatial agglomeration degree, and dispersion characteristics. The results show the following: 1) the integration of Luojia1-01 radiation brightness value and high-precision land type data guaranteed population spatialization accuracy, while scattered population agglomeration points could be identified by Luojia-01, and details of population distribution in the image saturation zone could be distinguished by land type data; 2) Population quantity and density had a highly synergistic spatial distribution relationship with five population agglomeration areas in the GBA, with sparse population in marginal cities. The population scale decreased outward from the accumulation regions; 3) Population distribution presented significant spatial directivity along the Guangzhou, Dongguan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong directions, which proved that the economic level is an important factor affecting the spatial distribution of the population. Regional coordinated development in emerging economies was obvious among these cities along the direction, thus attracting population migration and agglomeration; 4) The population agglomeration feature was remarkable in this area, with 68% of the population concentrated within 27.64% of the spatial range. Popular hotspots were located in the regions of Dongguan, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong, with cold spot areas mainly distributed in Zhaoqing and Jiangmen. Population intensity was excessive in Tianhe, Yuexiu, and Haizhu Districts of Guangzhou City, and policy intervention is urgently needed for these districts to mitigate population pressure and improve the living environment, thus promoting regional coordinated development. The results of this study prove that Luojia-01 data are capable of population research at the municipal administrative division level. The revealed spatial distribution characteristics of the population have reference significance for urban policy formulation, planning management, and coordinated development in the Greater Bay Area. There are also some shortcomings in this study, such as the lack of population distribution exploration due to the limitation of satellite acquisition and a decrease in the accuracy of population spatialization results due to spatial-temporal inconsistency in the data. Further studies are needed to improve the accuracy and reveal additional features of the population spatial-temporal distribution in a long-term series.

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the common microvascular complications in patients with diabetes, which is difficult to treat clinically, and is also a common cause of end-stage renal failure. This article discussed the long-term care of patients with diabetic nephropathy and its research progress, including the risk factors of diabetic nephropathy and nursing measures, in order to provide a reference for the nursing of diabetic nephropathy, so as to improve the quality of life of diabetic nephropathy population. (糖尿病肾病是糖尿病患者常见的微血管并发症之一, 临床治疗相对困难, 也是导致患者发生终末期肾功能衰竭的常见病因。本文探讨了糖尿病肾病患者长期护理及其研究进展, 包括糖尿病肾病的危险因素和对应护理措施等, 旨在为糖尿病肾病的护理提供参考, 以改善糖尿病肾病人群的生命质量。)

Objective To investigate the effect of overexpression of murine double minute 2 (Mdm2) on the sensitivity to crizotinib in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line H3122. Methods H3122 cells with Mdm2 overexpression were established by transfection of plasmid encoding Mdm2, and the H3122 cells transfected with empty vector (EV) served as control cells. After the Mdm2 overexpression cells and control cells were treated with different concentrations of crizotinib, an ALK inhibitor, MTT assay, colony formation assay and TUNEL assay were applied to evaluate the sensitivity to crizotinib. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of ALK, its downstream proteins and biomarkers in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Results Compared with the control cells, the H3122 cells with Mdm2 overexpression were resistant to crizotinib treatment, and were tolerant to crizotinib-induced apoptosis. Biochemical analysis of signaling transduction suggested that overexpression of Mdm2 failed to restore the phosphorylation of ALK and downstream molecules. Overexpression of Mdm2 also resulted in EMT and acquisition of mesenchymal phenotype in H3122 cells. Conclusion Overexpression of Mdm2 leads to resistance to crizotinib in H3122 cells probably through the induction of EMT process.

This paper reviewed the ear-apex bloodletting therapy and nursing management for a patient with hordeolum. According to the patient’s evaluation results, the treatment problems were pointed out, and individualized Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment methods were formulated, including emotional management, dietary care, daily life management, drug care, etc. , Traditional Chinese Medicine by syndrome differentiation is aimed to to change the patient’s condition, promote the recovery and improve the quality of life of the patient. (回顾性分析1例麦粒肿患者的临床资料, 总结耳尖放血的效果和相关护理措施。根据评估结果明确治疗和护理问题, 制定个体化中医治疗和护理方案, 在耳尖放血治疗的基础上, 实施情志护理、膳食护理、日常生活管理、药物护理等。通过中医辨证施护改善临床症状, 促进病情痊愈, 改善患者生活质量。)

Uranium enrichment by Deinococcus radiodurans under different times, bacterial doses, initial uranium concentrations, solution pH values, and pH-adjusted uranium solutions was explored, and the enrichment mechanism was elucidated by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimal conditions for adsorption included an enrichment time of 60 min, bacterial dose (i.e., the volume of bacterial liquid corresponding to an OD600 of 1) of 10 mL, initial uranium concentration of 30 mg/L, and solution pH of 5.0. The solution pH increased slightly after enrichment with uranium solutions of different pH. FTIR and SEM analyses revealed several changes in active functional groups and bacterial characteristics before and after enrichment. Deinococcus radiodurans has good enrichment performance for low uranium solution, and it regulated the pH of the uranium solution and increased the pH of the adsorbed uranium solution.

[Purpose/Significance] Based on the problems existing in the practice of popular science education in domestic libraries, such as single subject, narrow scope of application and low degree of social recognition, this paper explores the innovative path of popular science in public libraries, so as to promote the development of popular science research and practice in domestic public libraries. [Method/Process] Based on the background of popular science education in libraries in China, this paper defines popular science in libraries and related concepts, analyzes the typical cases of Summer Science project in American public libraries, and summarizes its main elements and operation mode. [Results/Conclusions] The popular science education projects in public libraries can improve the quality of activities, enlarge the audience group, form brand effect, enhance social benefits, and achieve the innovative development of popular science activities in library through trans-boundary cooperation, innovative publicity campaigns, and enriching the forms and themes of activities.

Research about auricular therapy in the treatment of insomnia after stroke is still at the exploratory stage. Auricular therapy, as a typical Traditional Chinese Medicine technique, appears to have advantages of proved efficacy, high safety and easy-to-use operation in treatment of insomnia after stroke. This paper reviewed the studies published in CNKI and Wanfang databases in the last ten years, and summarized the rules of acupoint selection and intervention methods for auricular therapy in the treatment of insomnia after stroke, in order to provide reference for better application of auricular therapy in clinical settings. (耳穴疗法在卒中后失眠的临床治疗上仍处于探索阶段, 但其疗效明确、安全性高、操作简便, 作为一种中医特色疗法在治疗卒中后失眠上具有重要优势。文章通过回顾近10年来在中国知网(CNKI)期刊全文数据库和万方数据库(Wanfang Data)中公开发表的文献, 整理归纳了耳穴疗法治疗卒中后失眠的选穴规律及干预方式, 从而为临床更有效地应用耳穴疗法治疗卒中后失眠提供指导与帮助。)

[Purpose/Significance] By studying the user profiles of the Xiaomi virtual community, this paper constructs different types of user profile models, deeply studies the user profiles with knowledge innovation in the Xiaomi community, and explores the knowledge behavior of such users in the virtual community. [Method/Process] Combined with the natural language processing method, this paper selects the more active user posts and comments in the Xiaomi community, analyzes the user profiles and typical characteristics in the Xiaomi community, specifically the characteristics and knowledge behavior of each type of user, and explores the information exchange and knowledge interaction process between users. [Results/Conclusions] The study found that users in the Xiaomi community can be divided into five categories: fault feedback users, comment answering users, social users, consulting users and suggestion users. The user profiles of each category were analyzed. Finally, the paper puts forward some feasible suggestions for different users, so as to facilitate the community managers to maintain and guide the knowledge behavior of these users.

To examine how different harvesting periods affect the storage quality of 'Satsuma' plum fruits, this study analyzed 13 quality and physiological metrics post-harvest and utilized principal component analysis (PCA) and mathematical models to assess (0±0.5)°c low temperature storage quality across three different harvesting periods (100 d after flowering, 103 d after flowering, 106 d after flowering). The results showed that harvesting at 103 days after full bloom led to the best preservation effect. Additionally, the hardness and total acidity of plum fruit decreased by 37.37% and 27.06% respectively until the end of the storage period, which was the slowest. Furthermore, changes in relative conductivity, anthocyanins, total soluble solids, malondialdehyde, total phenols, and flavonoids were relatively smooth. The activity of polyphenol oxidase was low, while peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities were high, specifically catalase activities. After conducting PCA analysis, it was determined that PC1, PC2, and PC3 accurately capture 87.472% of the relevant information. These results suggested that varying harvesting periods would have significant impacts on all indicators. The mathematical model analysis revealed that the plum fruits harvested at 100, 103, and 106 days after bloom, and stored for 56 days, had comprehensive scores of 1.06, 0.99, and 2.69, respectively. Lower comprehensive scores indicated better quality, so the order of preservation effect was as follows: 103 days after bloom>100 days after bloom>106 days after bloom. The study provides a theoretical framework for evaluating postharvest preservation and quality of plum fruits, along with technical parameters to enable timely harvesting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the characteristics of c-kit+ endogenous retinal precursor cells (RPCs) in the retina of adult mice and their roles in the repair of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA)-induced retinal damage. Methods Mouse models of NMDA-induced retinal injury were established in 4-week-old adult C57BL/6J mice. Immunofluorescence assay was used to analyze the relationship between c-kit+ RPCs and c-kit stem cell factor (SCF)-positive cells and determine the number of c-kit+ RPCs and their division activity at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after NMDA injury. The mRNA expression levels of Hes1, Hes5, S100b and Pou4f1 in the injured retinal tissues were analyzed using real-time PCR. Results SCF+ Müller cells surrounding the c-kit+ RPCs were observed in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina of adult mice. C-kit+ RPCs still maintained a low level of cell division activity. Two weeks after NMDA-induced retinal injury, the number of c-kit+ RPCs significantly increased in the retina (P < 0.001) with markedly increased proportions of dividing cells (P=0.016) and c-kit+GAD65/67+cells/c-kit+ cells (P < 0.001). Two weeks after retinal injury, the Notch pathway components Hes1 and Hes5 were up-regulated (P < 0.001) and the expression levels of S100b and Pou4f1 were augmented significantly in the retina (P < 0.001). Conclusion Two weeks after NMDA-induced retinal injury, c-kit+ RPCs in the retina undergo both symmetrical and asymmetrical cell division and then differentiate into GAD65/67+ neurons possibly under regulation by the Notch pathway.

Objective To investigate the etiology, diagnosis and treatment principles of inherited permanent tooth embryo necrosis caused by alveolar bone resorption due to severe periapical periodontitis of deciduous teeth, in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical data and related literature of a rare case of permanent tooth embryo necrosis were analyzed retrospectively.Results This case was a 5-year-old girl. Physical examination and X-ray examination revealed chronic periapical inflammation in 75. X-ray showed that the periodontal bone of tooth 75 was extensively destroyed; additionally, the permanent tooth germ of tooth 35 was incomplete and the development was delayed compared to that of tooth 45 because of severe periapical periodontitis in the primary teeth. The initial diagnosis was that-- the embryo of tooth 35 stopped developing due to inflammation and was necrotic after tooth 75 was extracted. The postoperative pathological examination report showed that most bone around the embryos of tooth 35 was sequestrated. Through literature review and analysis, it was found that the degree of periapical lesions in the primary teeth and the developmental stage of the tooth embryo have a great impact on the formation of permanent tooth embryos. Conservative methods such as root canal therapy are usually adopted as treatment. Permanent tooth embryo necrosis caused by periapical periodontitis of deciduous teeth is rare in the clinic, so it is necessary to judge the degree of inflammatory infiltration and of tooth embryo damage as soon as possible according to the clinical symptoms and imaging manifestations; and to make a correct treatment plan.Conclusion There are no objective and clear diagnostic and treatment criteria for the clinical diagnosis of the pathological state of permanent tooth embryo, thus, methods such as etiology elimination and follow-up observation are usually adopted for abnormal permanent tooth embryo development. Future research should focus on prevention and finding addtional effective methods for diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To explore the best indication for veneers and to improve the repair success rate by investi⁃ gating the effects of different types of dentin exposure on the shear bond strength of cast porcelain veneers with two new veneer bonding systems. Methods Bonding interfaces with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% dentin exposure were de⁃ signed and fabricated. The bonding interfaces were divided into groups A, B, C, D and E. Sixty 4⁃mm x 4⁃mm x 2⁃mm (length x width x thickness) ceramic specimens were bonded by using two bonding systems, The VN⁃A, VN⁃B, VN⁃C, VN⁃D and VN⁃E groups were bonded with Variolink bonding system, and the PF⁃A, PF⁃B, PF⁃C, PF⁃D and PF⁃E were bonded with Panavia F bonding system (six specimens per group). The bonded specimens were stored in a distilled water bath at (37 + 1)℃ for 24 hours. The fracture load was tested by a universal testing machine, and the fracture type was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results The VN⁃A (25.14 ± 3.40 MPa), VN⁃B (22.54 ± 4.48 MPa), VN⁃C (19.59 ± 2.21 MPa), PF⁃A (20.61 ± 2.42 MPa), PF⁃B (18.08 ± 4.11 MPa), PF⁃C (17.06 ± 2.29 MPa) groups’shear bond strengths were above 17 MPa. The VN⁃A group had the highest shear bond strength value. There was no statistically significant difference in bond strength between the VN⁃A group and the VN⁃B and VN⁃C groups(P > 0.05) or the PF⁃A and PF⁃B groups (P > 0.05); however, the differences between VN⁃A and the VN⁃D and VN⁃E groups (P < 0.05) and between PF⁃A and the PF⁃C and PF⁃D and PF⁃E groups (P < 0.05) were statistically significant. The differences between the VN⁃A group and PF⁃A group (P < 0.05) were statistically significant. The fracture modes of the VN⁃A, PF⁃A, VN⁃B, PF⁃B, and VN⁃C groups mainly included resin cement cohesive failure and mixed failure; the VN⁃D, VN⁃E, PF⁃C, PF⁃D and PF⁃E groups were dominated by interface failure and mixed failure. Conclusion When the dentin exposure is greater than 50%, the shear bond strength value of the veneer was significantly affected. To ob⁃ tain a better clinical effect, the dentin exposure rate should be less than 25%.

[Purpose/significance] With the development of internet and information technology, more and more social media have been begun to build a new business model of “community + e-commerce”. This paper aims to explore the user knowledge sharing on their consumer behavior in the content community, so as to provide a management strategy for improving the purchasing behavior of users in the community. [Method/process]This article took “Little Red Book” as an example to analyze its internal operation mechanism, and based on Szulanski’s knowledge transfer model, built the influencing factor model of the knowledge sharing process on consumer purchase behavior in the “Little Red Book”. Finally, it took the users of the “Little Red Book” as the survey object, through the data of the questionnaire survey for empirical analysis. [Result/conclusion] In social media, knowledge sharing among users can be divided into four stages: knowledge generation, interaction, integration and feedback, in which user interaction, perceived risk and the professional ability of the recipient have positive impacts on their purchase behavior; The knowledge sharing process further influences the users’ willingness to purchase through the intermediary role of knowledge sharing content and degree, and the knowledge sharing content has a greater impact on it, which also indicates that in social media operations, enriching and improving community content and strengthen users, enhancing user interaction and reducing the perceived risk of users are the key to promoting user purchases.

For larger low-frequency oscillation of pulse train(PT) controlled switching converter under inductor current continuous conduction mode (CCM) which could degrade operation performance of switching converter, a continuous restrictive pulse train (CR-PT) control method was proposed. Operation principle of CR-PT control method and its mechanism of suppressing low frequency oscillation of switching converter were introduced in detail by taking CR-PT controlled Buck converter as an example. Switching mapping model of the CR-PT controlled Buck converter under CCM was established. Output voltage and inductor current of Buck converter were compared under PT control and CR-PT control separately through Matlab simulation and prototype experiment. Research results show that compared with PT control method, CR-PT control method can effectively suppress low-frequency oscillation of switching converter under inductor current CCM through restricting the number of continuous pulses.

Using P.O 42.5 Portland cement as raw material, high-performance foam concrete was prepared by adding plant protein composite cement foaming agent. The influence of the volume ratio of foaming agent and water on the pore size distribution, the unit weight, water absorption, mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties of foam concrete was studied. The results show that with the increase of the volume ratio of foaming agent and water, the pore size of foam concrete increases, the pore shape gradually tends to be round, the integrity of pores increases, the unit weight continues decreasing, and the water absorption continues increasing. When V (foaming agent) :V (water) =4 : 80, the minimum pore shape factor Is 1.351, and the pore shape is closest to spherical. With the increase of the volume ratio of foaming agent and water, the compressive strength and flexural strength of foam concrete first increase and then decrease, and the thermal conductivity first decreases and then increases. When V (foaming agent) :V (water) =4 : 80, the pore size distribution of foam concrete is the most uniform, its compressive strength and flexural strength are the maximum values, respectively 8.16 and 1.29 MPa, and the thermal conductivity is the lowest 0.163 W/(m ⋅ K). The mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties are optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As large quantities of power batteries go off the market, a multi-objective planning model of power battery reverse logistic network is built to minimize risks and costs with full consideration of risks, uncertainties and multi-processing techniques. Expected interval, expected value ad fuzzy chance constraint methods are employed to transform the model deterministically. The classic MW solution method is improved by optimizing the search space, constructing marginal rates of change and new transformation function. Our experimental results show the model effectively controls the risk and achieves high economy. The improved MW method is markedly superior to the MW method in terms of the number of Pareto optimal solutions, interaction optimization efficiency and solution time. Thus, it provides the theoretical basis and technical support for risk control decision of power battery reverse logistic network in uncertain circumstances of limited information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The graphene-contained materials are added during the synthesis process of polyester resin, thus a graphene modified polyester resin is prepared. It is revealed that the introduction of graphene has no effect on the synthesis process and parameters of polyester resin, in addition, has no effect on the properties of powder coatings, such as levelling property, bending property and reactivity. However, the mechanical and durability properties of powder coatings are decreased slightly. The self-made heat-radiating device is used to investigate the graphene modified powder coatings. The results show that the addition of graphene can significantly increase the heat radiation of powder coatings. Moreover, the heat radiation property increases with the increase of the film thickness in a certain range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with animal-derived protein' plant protein is more healthy and easier to be digested and absorbed by the human body' thus gaining a large market demand. However' the low solubility and other functional properties of plant proteins limit their application in food. The increasing demand for proteins with better functional properties requires the application of physical processing techniques of different heat treatments and non-heat treatments to modify plant proteins. New physical processing technology can replace low energy efficiency and high intensity heat treatment in modification of plant proteins. In this paper' the mechanism and effect of new physical modification methods on the functional modification of plant proteins were reviewed in order to provide theoretical reference for enhancing the added value of plant proteins in subsequent industrial processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study explored the biological function of nuclear factor GmNF-YA 13 gene in soybean responding to abiotic stress to provide basis for the application of GmNF-YA 13 in resistance breeding. [Method] The seeds of soybean varieties Beidou 9 and tobacco NC89 were selected for drought, salt, cold and ABA treatments after the first terately compound leaf unfolded. The relative expression of GmNF-YAlS, was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). GmNF-YA 1 3 was cloned and analyzed by bioinformatics. GmNF-YA 13 was transformed into tobacco, and the expression levels of stress-related genes (NtABA2, NtOsmotin, NtAPX2, NtSOD, NtCATl and NtCaMKS.) in transgenic tobacco were detected by qRT-PCR. [Result] Drought, salt, cold and ABA treatments could induce the expression of GmNF-YA 13 at different degrees, with especially significant effects in drought and ABA treatments. Gm NF-YA 13 was located on chromosome 13 of soybean genome with 915 bp open reading frame and it encoded a protein containing 304 amino acids with a molecular weight of 75.14 ku and an isoelectric point of 5.10. GmNF-YA13 protein contained a conserved DNA binding domain. The protein phylogenetic analysis showed that GmNF-YA13 was closely related to GmNF-YA7 and Arabidopsis AtNF-YA1. The promoter cis-elements prediction analysis showed that the promoter region of GmNF-YA13 contained three ABA responsive elements (ABRE), one anaerobic induction element (ARE), one defense and stress responsive element (TC-nch repeats) and one MYB binding site involved in drought-inducibility (MBS). The relative expression of GmNF-YA 13 was the highest in leaves. The GmNF-YA 13 plant expression vector was constructed and transformed into tobacco to obtain three transgenic tobacco plants. The relative expression levels of NtABA2, NtOsmotin and NtAPX2 in transgenic tobacco were significantly higher than those in wild-type tobacco, while those of NtSOD, NtCAT1 and NtCaMK3 were not significantly different. [Conclusion] GmNF-YA 13 was closely related to abiotic stress such as drought, salt and cold in soybean. GmNF-YA 13 may enhance the stress resistance of transgenic tobacco by promoting the expression of stress-related genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The support UiO-66 containing different defect sites was prepared by changing the amount of acetic acid, and the supported catalyst Pd/UiO-66 was prepared. The performance of the catalyst was characterized. The kinetics and catalytic performance of the catalyst for chlorophenol dechlorination in water were investigated. The results showed that with the increase of the number of defect sites introduced into the carrier, the reaction temperature was 50 °C, and the conversion rate of chlorophenol could reach 100%, the selectivity of the main product cyclohexanone could reach more than 99%, and the selectivity of the byproduct cyclohexanol was less than 0.5%. The number of recycling times of the catalyst was more than 6 times and the catalytic activity did not decrease significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the alkali resistance of polyester/TGIC, polyester/HAA, polyester/epoxy and polyurethane powder coatings, the hydroxy-terminated polyester resin is modified by means of using some monomer containing steric groups and improving the crosslinking density. The results show that polyester/TGIC and polyester/HAA systems have the worst alkali resistance, polyester/epoxy system is slightly better, and polyurethane system is the best. The modified hydroxy-terminated polyester resin has good mechanical properties, adhesion, boiling water resistance and excellent alkali resistance. At 30 °C, soaked by 50%wt NaOH for 96 h, the gloss retention rate is 77% with no cracking and other defects. At 60 °C, soaked by 50%wt NaOH for 22 h, the gloss retention rate is 60% with no cracking and other defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various pollutants often exist in natural environment in the form of mixture, and single toxic effect cannot provide a reliable basis for ecological risk assessment. Therefore, the joint toxic effect of mixture has been widely studied. On the basis of summarizing a large number of literatures, the application of Photobacterium phosphoreumin on joint toxicity detection of mixtures was high-lighted, mainly including heavy metals, antibiotics, pesticides, herbicides, other organic pollutants, treated wastewater, contaminated soil, atmospheric particles and other complex pollutants. The sensitivity of this method was also compared with other bioassays. Furthermore, it was concluded that the method is rapid, brief operation, and cost effective, but the detection results are susceptible to the effects of Hormesis and high salt concentration (3% NaCl), limited by sample properties, and difficult to control the bacterial state. Therefore, in order to improve the authenticity and accuracy of the detection results, the future research direction of this method should focus on weakening the interference of the above factors, selecting reasonable pre-treatment method and further develop the bioluminase toxicity detection technology to compensate for the disadvantage of easy change of bacterial state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study aimed to compare the salivary biochemical indices between caries-free individuals and those with early childhood caries (ECC), and construct a saliva-based caries diagnostic model by analyzing the correlation between salivary biochemical indices and caries severity. Methods A total of 120 children aged 4-6 years were selected and divided into two groups: individuals with ECC (C group, n=60) and healthy children (H group, n=60). Salivary samples were collected to compare the pH, total protein, and ion concentrations between the two groups. The correlation between the salivary biochemical indices and caries severity was examined, and an ECC diagnostic model was established. Results The NO3- concentration significantly decreased in the C group, whereas the Cl-, Br-, NH4+, and Mg2+ concentrations significantly increased in the C group (P<0.05). In addition, the salivary caries severity had a significantly negative correlation with the NO3- concentration but had a positive correlation with Br-, Cl-, and NH4+ concentrations (P< 0.05). The ECC diagnostic model based on salivary biochemical indices could yield satisfactory results in terms of distinguishing the C and H groups with over 85% accuracy. Conclusion Salivary biochemical indices can contribute to the diagnosis and risk assessment of ECC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of DC and AC electric fields application on the growth of ryegrass under uranium stress and the physio-chemical properties of soil were studied. The results showed that during the development of ryegrass, the difference on plant height was significant with applying the electric field among the treatment groups in the early stage (P<0.05), but after 3 weeks, the difference was not significant. The application of alternating current electric field (AC) promoted the plant height of ryegrass compared with other treatment groups, but it was not conducive to the accumulation of biomass. The application of direct current electric field (DC) was conducive to the accumulation of the chlorophyll content. Compared and analyzed the chlorophyll fluorescence performance values PIABSand PICS, it was concluded that the applied electric field had a bit of stress effect on the growth of ryegrass on a certain degree, though the difference was not significant. The physio-chemical properties of rhizosphere soil were determined and the results showed that the pH values were significantly different (P<0.05) in each treatment group, indicating that the addition of uranium or the application of an electric field could cause the soil pH to drop to varying degrees. The soil moisture contents were significantly different among the P, the PUA and the PUD treatments (P< 0.05), indicating that the application of uranium and electric fields to the soil planted with ryegrass could accelerate the soil water consumption. Meanwhile, the application of AC was conducive to the absorption and utilization of ryegrass to the available phosphorus in the rhizosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the accuracy of the end-effector of a wheel-legged rescue robot, the geometric error sources are separated to the controllable and uncontrollable ones by the error model. This model can also guide the precision design and kinematic calibration. For the research object of three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) hybrid mechanical leg, the paper studied the error modeling method of a less-degree-of-freedom serial-parallel mechanism Firstly, a serial-parallel structure of (2-UPS+U) & R is proposed on bionics. Based on the structure, the wheel-legged rescue robot is designed. Secondly, the coordinate systems are established by the method of space vector chain. The geometric error source is analyzed to determine the influence of errors between the sources and the terminal position. Thirdly, a statistical model is analyzed to describe the influence. According to the results of sensitivity analysis, it is necessary to control the errors of the universal joint and the rotating joint during the process of assembling. Finally, the trajectory racking experiment of the foot end of the single leg prototype was carried out. The results proved the feasibility and correctness of the above methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]