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In this study, a natural tetraploid loach (4n = 100) was crossed with a diploid loach (2n = 50) thus creating the different offspring hybrid combinations 4n♀×2n♂、2n♀×4n♂. Chromosome samples of hybrid triploid loach fin cell passed for 20 times were prepared via conventional cold drop method. The chromosome number and karyotype were determined via Giemsa staining; Banding analysis were conducted via Ag-NORs and CMA3/DA/DAPI staining. The results showed that the metaphase chromosome number of the fin cells of the hybrid triploid loach was 3n = 75,and the karyotype formula was 15m+6sm+54t, NF = 96;three silver staining signal points were observed in the chromosome metaphase of hybrid triploid loach fin cells, located at the end region of the first pair of central centromeric chromosomes (M1); there were three CMA3 signal points in the chromosome metaphase of hybrid triploid loach fin cells, which were located at the region of chromosomes (M1).The study showed that the chromosome composition of hybrid triploid loach fin cells remained unchanged after 20 times of cell culture passage, and the chromosome number, karyotype and band type were consistent with other somatic chromosomes of triploid loach. The results laid the foundation for the cytogenetics of hybrid triploid loach and provided a theoretical basis for cytogenetics of triploid loaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to identify the genetic stability in biology of bovine small intestinal epithelial cell line (BIECs-21), BIECs-21 cells were cultured in vitro by using adherent culture, and chromosome and G-band samples were prepared to analyze the chromosome karyotype and G-band of BIECs-21 cells. The results show that the number of chromosomes in BIECs-21 cells is 2n = 60, including 29 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes). Among them, 29 pairs of autosomes are all terminal centromere chromosomes, with X chromosome being the larger centromere chromosome and Y chromosome being the smaller centromere chromosome in the sex chromosome. There is no significant difference in the number and position of G-bands pattern on the autosomes of BIECs-21 cells, except for X and Y sex chromosome. Compared with the normal chromosome karyotype of Holstein cattle, there is no significant change in the number and morphological structure of chromosomes in BIECs-21 cells, indicating that the genetic characteristics of the cell line are stable, and it can be used for the research on the molecular mechanisms of bovine intestinal related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Oncology Journal is the property of Journal of Practical Oncology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Salvia is the largest genus of the Lamiaceae. Several species of Salvia are used as traditional Chinese medicine, as well as ornamental species. To explore the evolution pattern of species in Hengduan Mountains at the cytological level and to discuss the taxonomic relationship between morphological taxonomy and molecular systematics, based on extensive collection of chromosome literature, the karyotypes of six species(eight populations)of Salvia collected from Hengduan Mountains were analyzed by using conventional plant pressing method, and the chloroplast phylogenetic trees of Salvia distributed in China were constructed. The statistical results were as follows:(1)About 23% of the chromosome data of Salvia was reported all over the world, in which the chromosome reporting rate of Salvia in China was 32.10%. The reporting rate of Salvia in Hengduan Mountains was 40.54%.(2)The chromosome basic number of Salvia were mainly x=8 and x=11, and the chromosome cardinal numbers of Salvia plants distributed in China were x=8. The experimental results were as follows:(1)The karyotype data of S. wardii was reported for the first time.(2)The diploid population of S. evansiana was found for the first time in Deqen, Yunnan. The chromosome evolutionary association analysis was carried out by combining cytological data with chloroplast evolution tree, and it was demonstrated that polyploidy might not be the main mechanism of Salvia adapting to high altitude environment. It showed that polyploid was not the main evolutionary pathway of Salvia plants species formation, but mainly at the level of diploid. So we speculated that the doubling of genome might be one of the reasons for the inconsistency between species morphology taxology and molecular phylogeny taxology. This study enriches the chromosome karyotype data of Salvia in Hengduan Mountains, discusses the evolutionary relationship of chromosome characteristics combined with regional molecular phylogenetic tree, has made exploration for further study of the karyotype evolution of Salvia species in the future, and complements the basic data for the deduction and analysis of the chromosome cardinal number of ancestral species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Chromosome number and genome ploidy are crucial basic information for systematic evolutionary biology and genetics. Hemiboea, a genus of Gesneriaceae, with about 44 species, is mainly distributed in southern China, which have important medicinal and ornamental values. It is difficult to obtain suitable root tips for the chromosome preparation because of their small twining roots and small chromosomes. So far, only the chromosome numbers from three species of Hemiboea have been reported, while the chromosome numbers and ploidy of most species are unknown. The relationship between the pattern of chromosome number evolution and species evolution is also unclear. In this study, in order to explore the optimal conditions for chromosome preparation and the relationship between chromosome numbers and species evolution of Hemiboea, firstly, the root tips of six species (including H. subcapitata, H. longgangensis, H. longzhouensis, H. subacaulis var. jiangxiensis, H. follicularis and H. yongfuensis), which were generated by the method of hydroponic rooting for cutting leaves based on the characteristics of leaf cuttage propagation of plants in Hemboea, were used for the chromosome preparation experiments. Then, the effects of different experimental conditions on chromosome preparation were assessed. Next, the conditions were optimized and the chromosome counting was performed. Finally, the evolutionary history of chromosome numbers in Hemiboea and the related genera including Anna and Loxostigma were traced based on the molecular phylogenetic relationships, and the evolutionary pattern of chromosome numbers and relationships with species evolution were studied. The results were as follows: (1) The optimal conditions for karyotype preparation of the plants in Hemiboea were sampling during 9:30-10:00, dissociating for 10 min, and dyeing for 15 min. (2) All the six species of Hemiboea were diploid and with 32 chromosome numbers (2n=2x=32) . (3) Except for a few species in the genus, the chromosome numbers of most species might be 2n=2x=32, and the variation of chromosome numbers might be caused by aneuploidy, which had no obvious relationship with the species evolution. This study sheds light on chromosome preparation of Hemiboea and other groups with similar leaf regeneration characteristics, and provides implications for the classification and phylogeny of this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Analyze the genetic etiology of male infertility patient with 46, XX disorders of sex development（46, XX DSD）. Methods Clinical data of a male infertility patient with 46, XX DSD was collected, and multiple genetic methods, including chromosome karyotype, Y chromosome microdeletion and whole exome sequencing were used to analyze genetic etiology. Results The patient with 46, XX DSD had normal male secondary sexual characteristics. Multiple semen examination all showed azoospermia. Imaging examinations and the histopathological analysis of testicular revealed non-obstructive azoospermia and the arrested spermatogenesis at spermatocyte stage. The detection of Y chromosome microdeletion showed that SRY was positive and all azoospermia factor（AZF） regions including a and b and c were absent. Whole exome sequencing indicated the presence of chromosome regions Yp11.2 and Yq11.21, and 54 continuous homozygous single nucleotide variation sites in chromosome region Xp22.33. Conclusion A case of 46, XX testicular DSD（SRY positive） with normal secondary sexual characteristics was diagnosed using new molecular genetic methods, which provides a new idea for clinical diagnosis of DSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Botanical Research is the property of Bulletin of Botanical Research Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Botanical Research is the property of Bulletin of Botanical Research Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bulletin of Botanical Research is the property of Bulletin of Botanical Research Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences is the property of Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Impatiens L.(Balsaminaceae)is a genus that contains ca. 1 000 species mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Several studies have been carried out within this genus, however, there is still paucity in the karyotype research. In order to explore the genetic relationship of cytological and micromorphological characters among related species of Impatiens, the chromosome and leaf epidermal characteristics of the genus were studied. Here, we report the chromosome analysis and leaf epidermal characteristics of three related Imaptiens species, I. liboensis, I. chishuiensis and I. tubulosa, using conventional squash method together with light microscopy observations. The results were as follows:(1)The karyotypes of all these three species were 2B. I. liboensis, the chromosome number was 2n=16, and the karyotype formula was 2n=2x=16=6m+4sm+2st+4T, whereas, for I. chishuiensis, the chromosome number was 2n=14, and the karyotype formula was 2n=2x=14=12m+2sm. Additionally, in I. tubulosa, the chromosome number was 2n=14 or 2n=18, and the karyotype formula was 2n=2x=14=4m+4sm+6T or 2n=2x=18=4m+2sm+12T.(2)In terms of leaf epidermal characteristics, the shape of epidermal cells for these species was irregular, with anticlinal walls sinuolate or sinuous; Stomata were only observed from the abaxial side; The stomatal index and stomatal density of the three species of Impatiens were quite different, and can be used for the taxonomy of these three Imaptiens species. The chromosome number, karyotype and leaf epidermal characteristics of I. liboensis and I. chishuiensis were reported for the first time. Therefore, the high species diversity in Impatiens is reflected in the hypervariable chromosome number and leaf epidermis, chromosome karyotype and leaf epidermal characteristics hence could be used to study the relationship and geographical distribution of the genus Impatiens and as important features for its taxonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clematis L. is one of the major genera of Ranunculaceae, and has important horticultural and medicinal values. In order to discuss the chromosome evolution law of Clematis plants, reveal the genetic relationship among sections and species, karyotype analysis in 21 Clematis taxa were observed. In this study, the root tips of 21 groups of Clematis were treated and pressed by conventional pressing method, the morphological characteristics of chromosomes were observed, karyotype was analyzed, and cluster analysis was carried out by Ward connection method. C. kirilowii var. chanetii, C. puberula var. tenuisepala, C. tubulosa, C. tibetana and C. peterae were reported for the first time. The results were as follows: All the 21 taxa of Clematis were diploid with x = 8(2n = 2x = 16), the genome of each taxon had at least one pair of satellites except of C. tibetana. The chromosome of C. fusca, C. peterae, C. macropetala, C. aethusifolia, C. puberula var. tenuisepala, C. flammula were ‘2B' type, C. acerifolia, C. fruticose, C. heracleifolia, C. intricate, C. grandidentata, C. brevicaudata, C. puberula var. tenuisepala, C. glauca, C. hexapetala, Clematis kirilowii, C. kirilowii var. chanetii, C. alpina var. ochotensis, C. tangutica, C. tibetana, C. tubulosa, C. vitalba were ‘2A' type. The karyotype asymmetry coefficient ranged from 60.29% to 63.79%. The chromosomes of Clematis were primitive, and the karyotypes varied widely among species. Through the above research, we can draw the following conclusions: The chromosome number of Clematis should evolve from diploid to polyploid, and then aneuploidy be produced through the polyploid diploidization process. The chromosome evolution of Clematis is mainly carried out at the diploid level, which is realized by generating chromosome structural variation, and evolve through four ways: generating heterozygous chromosomes, strengthening karyotype asymmetry, chromosome type change and satellite chromosome change. At the same time, the karyotype characteristics of Clematis are basically consistent with the traditional classification at the section level and species level, which indicates that karyotype analysis can provide new reference basis for the classification of Clematis. The results of the present study have significant scientific values in the further studies on the taxonomy, phylogenetics and resources utilization in genus Clematis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to get much more precise information on the karyological characteristics of Chenopodium L. species, the karyotypes of four wild Chenopodium species from Qinghai Plateau, including C. glaucum, C. ablum, C. foetidum and C. hybridum, and one cultivated C. quinoa PI614932-HX(3)introduced from the United States were analyzed by using chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization(rDNA FISH). 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA were mapped on the metaphase chromosomes of the five species by FISH. The results of the karyotype analysis were as follows:(1)There were two kinds of ploidies in these Chenopodium species, including a diploid(2n=2x=18)and a tetraploid(2n=4x=36), C. quinoa and C. glaucum were tetraploids, and the other three species were diploids.(2)The karyotype formulas of C. quinoa, C. glaucum, C. ablum, C. foetidum and C. hybridum were 2n=4x=36=34m(2AST)+2sm, 2n=4x=36=32m(4AST)+4sm, 2n=2x=18=16m(4AST)+2sm, 2n=2x=18=18m and 2n=2x=18=16m+2sm, respectively.(3)The chromosomes of Chenopodium were mainly composed of metacentric chromosomes(m)and a few submetacentric chromosomes(sm).(4)Except for C. foetidum belonging to 1B type, the others belonged to 2B type.(5)There were double satellites distributed at different positions with different numbers on the chromosomes of C. quinoa, C. glaucum and C. ablum. The results of 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA FISH were as follows:(1)There were two pairs of 5S rDNA loci and one pair of 45S rDNA loci on the chromosomes of C. quinoa and C. glaucum, one pair of 5S rDNA and one pair of 45S rDNA on the chromosomes of C. ablum and C. hybridum, and only one pair of 5S rDNA on the chromosomes of C. foetidum.(2)5S rDNA and 45S rDNA loci were all located on the short arm of the chromosomes. It is the first report on karyotype analysis with 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA loci in Chenopodium species and the results will provide a cyto-moecular genetic basis for phylogeny and cell biology research of Chenopodium species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the present paper, the genetic material by crossing between Brassica napus and early maturing B. rapa could be transferred to each other, and novel B. napus could be selected. [Method] Cytological analysis was carried out on the early generation Fl, F 2 and F3 of interspecific hybridization between B. napus and early maturing B. rapa. [Result] ( i) The cross combination with B. napus as the female parent was easier to obtain hybrids than that with early maturing B. rapa as the female parent. ( ii) The phenotype of Fl plants was B. napus-like, the pollen fertility was poor, and the number of chromosomes was 29. During the meiosis of PM Cs, the number of chromosomes pairing was mainly bivalents,ranging from 9 to 14. In the anaphase I, 15/ 14 of the chromosomes were separated, and lagging chromosome( s) and chromosome bridge(s ) appeared. (iii) Cytological analysis of F2 showed that plants tended to be B. rapa with 2n =20,the plants were intermediate type with 2n = 23 - 28, the plants tended to be B. napus-like with 2n = 29 - 58, fewer plants were 2n = 38. (iv) The self-bred progeny F3 of the F2 plants with B. rapa-like phenotype was B. napus -like, and the F2 plants with 2n = 35 - 38 was gave 25 % F3 plants with 2 n = 38. ( v) The flowering period of Fl was between parents, the most of F2 with B. napus-like flowered earlier, while the percentage of early flowering plants in the intermediate and B. napus-like decreased. There were fewer plants with less than 20. 00 % early flowering plants in F3 [Conclusion] It was easier to get hybrids by using B. napus as the female parent, and the Fl plants were B. napus-like and 2n = 29. During meiosis, there were abnormal behaviors such as univalent( s), multivalent( s),lagging chromosome( s), chromosome bridge( s), and the fertility was poor. In F2 population,the plants were mainly B. napus-like,the F3 plants were all of the B. napus-like from the self-bred of the B. napus-like plants in F2,in which there were fewer plants with 2n =38 in F2,and the number chromosomes was not all 38. The proportion of early flowering plants decreased with the increase of generations. This experiment could provide a cytological basis for early maturing B. rwpus breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reveal the genome genetics and evolution and clarify the systematic relationship and the formation of modern geographic distribution, a karyotype analysis of mitotic metaphase chromosomes in 51 Epimedium taxa(43 species, 1 subspecies, 6 varieties, and 1 cultivar)and two Vancouveria species was conducted in the present study. Especially, the 53 taxa studied were clustered by their karyotype resemblance-near coefficients because the interspecific karyotypes are very similar and the traditional karyotype analysis cannot provide significant evidence for the studies on genetics and evolution in Epimedium. The results were as follows: The 53 taxa studied all were diploid with 12 chromosomes(2n=2x=12), the genome of each taxon had one pair of satellites located on the pair I of homologous chromosomes, respectively, and the karyotype types of the 53 species studied all were type 1A or 2A of Stebbins. It can be concluded that the interspecific karyotypes were indeed very similar and the genomes evolvement were rather conservative in genus Epimedium. The cluster analysis of karyotype resemblance-near coefficients can provide some valuable clues for the studies on the systematics and taxonomy in genus Epimedium. Results of the cluster analysis by the karyotype resemblance-near coefficients strongly supported the previous taxonomic division of Subgen. Rhizophyllum and Subgen. Epimedium in genus Epimedium. The results also showed that the interspecific relationship was closely correlated to the geographical distribution in genus Epimedium and that the genomes of the taxa native to East Asia had obvious variation and more high genetic diversity. Finally, the formation of modern geographical distribution of genus Epimedium was inferred in the present study. Results of the present study have significant scientific values in the further studies on the resources utilization, taxonomy, and phylogenetics in genus Epimedium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Petrocodon Hance (Gesneriaceae) consists of 41 species and is mainly distributed in the limestone region of South China. So far? the chromosome numbers of only four species have been reported, with the rest species in the genus remained uninvestigated yet. Furthermore, the evolutionary history of the chromosome number and ploidy in Petrocodon as well as in its sister genus Primulina remain unexplored, and particularly whether it affected their diversifications into extant species diversity remain unknown. In this study, the root tip cells of four species (including one variety) of Petrocodon (i.e. Petrocodon dealbatus var. dealbatus. Petrocodon dealbatus var. denticulatus. Petrocodon longangensis and Petrocodon sp.) which were generated by hydroponic culture method for the cutting leaves? were used for the chromosome experiments. First, the effects of various experimental treating conditions on the quality of chromosome squashing were explored and the chromosome numbers were counted. Then the evolutionary history of chromosome numbers in Petrocodon and Primulina were traced based on the molecular phylogenetic tree, and whether the diversifications of the species diversity for the two genera were impacted by changes of the chromosome number or especially the ploidy or not was discussed. The results were as follows: (1) The root tip of 1- 1.5 cm length, pretreatment for 5 h with 0. 002 mol.L-18-hydroxyquinoline solution and dissociation for 4 min was a suitable chromosome preparation condition. (2) All the four species (including one variety) investigated were diploid and the chromosome numbers were the same (2n = 2x = 36). (3) Although the reconstruction of the ancestral state of the chromosome number of Petrocodon and Primulina failed to give any resolution for the most recent common ancestors of the two genera (generic stem node) and each of the genera (generic crown nodes), the chromosome number of Petrocodon and Primulina was highly conserved with most taxa possessing 2n = 2x = 36, except for the ploidy or chromosome number changes in few species? suggesting the disproportional diversification of species diversity between Petrocodon and Primulina was not correlated to the change of the chromosome number or ploidy. This study provides a reference for the chromosome preparation of Petrocodon and its allies, and also provides basic data and implications for further research on the classification? systematic evolution and speciation of Petrocodon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Edulis Fungi is the property of Acta Edulis Fungi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the DNA sequence， the special nucleosomes with localized ambiguity and the well-located common nucleosomes exist in the chromosomal region at the same time. However，since the chemical differences between the two are not obvious，it is difficult to distinguish them. In this paper，a nucleosome localization property prediction model is established for the distribution and conservation of experimental nucleosomes around the transcription initiation site of eukaryotic genes. On the basis of the previous work of predicting the location of nucleosomes，the genetic algorithm was used to find the distribution center of different nucleosomes on the model，and the karyotype localization property criterion was constructed. Finally， the position of the upstream and downstream of the transcription start site and the location of the fuzzy nucleosome were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate chromosome karyotype and immune phenotype distribution in acute myeloid leukemia and clinical curative effect. Methods 48 cases of acute myeloid leukemia patients were detected with chromosome karyotype and immune phenotype, and the clinical efficacy after treatment were analysed. Results There were 32 cases (67%) of abnormal karyotype, M3 patients were detected with 100% t (15; 17), M2 patients with t (8; 21), three body 8 is most common in the number of abnormal. There were a total of 13 patients CD96 positive expression (28.9%), 15 cases with CD123 (33.3%) positive, CD96 and CD123 and chromosomal abnormalities exist significant correlation (r= 0.376, 0.498, P< 0.05) .In 41 patients complete remission rate was 46%, the karyotype low-risk group, the moderate and high-risk group for the first time complete response rate was 58%, 43%, 37% respectively, among which 8 cases of t (15; 17) - M3 patients with complete response rate was 88%. Conclusion The immune phenotype and chromosome karyotype of patients has good correlation, the detection of immune phenotype and chromosome karyotype is of great significance for the diagnosis and prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To estimate the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities, and to explore the relationship between chromosomal abnormalities and sex, abortion times, gestational age and abnormal childbearing history. Methods: The chromosome karyotyping and clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed in 1 770 couples with spontaneous abortion. Results: Chromosomal abnormalities and polymorphisms were detected in 111 cases (3.14%) and 119 cases (3.36%), respectively. 41 cases (2.32%) of chromosomal abnormalities were found in male while 70 cases (3.95%) in female. The abnormal childbearing rate in those chromosome-abnormal couples was 6.36%, while the normal childbearing rate in those couples was 1.8%, respectively. There was no significant difference in early miscarriage rates between those abnormality couples and controls (P>0.05). The rate of spontaneous abortion in those couples with chromosomal translocation (55.1%) was higher than that in normal couples (25.0%,P<0.001), while this rate in those couples with chromosomal inversion did not significantly change (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the rate of multiple spontaneous abortion in those heterochromatin/ satellite heteromorphism carriers (37.3%) when compared with normal couples as well as chromosome -translocation couples (P=0.007,P=0.036). Conclusions: In those couples with spontaneous abortion, the rate of chromosomal abnormalities was more frequent in female than that in male. Chromosomal abnormalities were closely related to abortion times, abnormal childbearing history, suggesting that chromosomal abnormalities are risk factors of spontaneous abortion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, The main agronomic traits, low molecular weight glutenin expression and chromosome karyotype of three mutant strains of HMW_GS (B73-6-1-1, B73-6-1-2 and B73-6-1-3) and transgenic receptor L88-6 were studied. The results showed that: the differences existed among tested materials in the conditions of field cultivation. By comparison, plant height and grain weight were significantly different (P = 0. 05). SDS-PAGE analysis showed that there wasn't significant difference in part of low molecular weight glutenin area between the mutant strains , however a mutant band existed between the mutant strains and transgenic receptor. Among tested materials both the relative length and arm ratio didn't exist significant difference, by karyotype analysis and comparison. The study was aimed at the genetic mutation mechanism and providing a theoretical basis for quality improvement breeding of transgenic wheat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze retrospectively the karyotypes of amniotic fluid, and to study the relationship between the distortion of chromosome number or structure and fetal abnormalities. Methods" 1 984 pregnant women with the high risks under prenatal screening were asked to test the karyotypes of amniotic fluid in their pregnant weeks of 17 to 23, with the informed consent. Results: In 1984 cases, there were 49 cases (2.47%) with abnormal karyotypes, including 31 cases (1.56%) with the number abnormalities (27 cases with autosome number distortion and 4 cases with sex chromosome number distortion), 12 cases (0.60%) with the structural abnormalities (9 cases with the chromosome balanced translocation and 3 cases with unbalanced translocation) and 6 cases (0.30%) with chimera. There were 226 cases (11.39%) with the chromosomal polymorphism mutation, including 20 cases (1.01%) with 9 chromosome percentric inversion, 78 cases (3.93%) with the satellite and petit polymorphism mutation of D/G group chromosome, 72 cases (3.63%) with the secondary constriction polymorphism mutation and 56 cases (2.82%) with big or small Y chromosome. Conclusions: Karyotype examination of amniotic fluid is very important for the diagnosis of fetal chromosomal diseases, especially for those pregnant women with the high risks under prenatal screening. Besides, it is helpful to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes and fetal genetic health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: By means of ultrasound diagnosis of congenital oaf fetal karyotype analysis, we summarizes the relationship between the chromosomal abnormalities and deformed parts and number of deformity, providing the basis for prenatal diagnosis. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2013 in our hospital an amniocentest or cord blood puncture were performed by indications for prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations, 576 cases of chromosome karyotype analysis of fetus, were investigate the relationship between the congenital oaf and chromosomal abnormalities. Results: The success rate of cell culture successfully are 551 cases (95.66%); chromosomal abnormalities in 90 cases (16.33%), with 63 cases often dyed anomaly of chromosome abnormality (70.00%); sex chromosome abnormality 25 cases (27.78% of chromosomal abnormality); triploid in 1 case; marker chromosomes in 1 case. Freak of chromosome abnormalities, the mainly types are cardiac malformation 31 cases (34.44%), skin edema 30 cases (33.33%), abnormal face and neck 21 cases (23.33%), abnormal brain structure 20 cases (22.22%), and the digestive system malformation 11 cases (12.22%). Conclusions: Congenital oaf has high incidence of chromosomal abnormalities. For ultrasound tips for congenital oaf, prenatal diagnosis intervention should be made to avoid the chromosome abnormalities in children with birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the clinical application of the chromosome karyotype of umbilical blood samples in genetic diagnosis. Methods: To analyze retrospectively the data of chromosome karyotype of umbilical blood samples in 2 036 newborns in our hospital from June to December 2013. The chromosome specimen was prepared by the method of conventional peripheral blood lymphocytes culture. Karyotype was analyzed by the G--banding technique. Results: Totally, there were 16 cases (0.79%) of chromosome abnormalities in 2 036 cases, including 13 cases(0.64%) with autosomal abnormalities and 3 cases(0.15%) with sex chromosome abnormalities. There were 3 cases of 21-trisomy(0.15%), a terminal deletion(0.05%), 3 cases of inversion(0.15%), a balanced translocation (0.05%), 3 cases of Robertsonian translocation (0.15%) and two cases of marker chromosome (0.10%) in those autosomal abnormalities. There were 2 cases of 47, XYY (0.10%) and a 46, XX, del (X) (0.05%) in those sex chromosome abnormalities. There were also 181 cases (8.89%) of polymorphic variation karyotypes. Conclusions: We can increase the rate of prenatal diagnosis by improving the prenatal education. Those newborns should be diagnosed early in neonatal phase if pregnant women with high risks did not get prenatal diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the chromosome abnormalities of spontaneous abortion tissues after assisted reproductive techniques (ART),and to discuss the relationship between genetic change and clinical feature. Methods:40 cases of spontaneous abortion villuses from ART, and 113 cases from natural pregnancy as control, were studied by the routine G banding karyotyping after the standard cell culture and harvest. Those cases of culture failure or without culture were analyzed by the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results: (1) There was no significant difference in the rates of abnormal karyotyping between the ART group (50%, 20 cases) and the control group (53.1%, 60 cases, P >0.05). (2) There were no significant differences in the rates of abnormal karyotyping when analyzed those parameters, including women age, primary or secondary infertility, infertility cause (male, female, or both), cycle type (fresh or frozen) (P>0.05). Although there was significant difference in this rate when analyzed IVF method (routine IVF and ICSI) in the limited cases(P<0.05), it should be further studied in more cases. Conclusions: Chromosome abnomalities are the main reason of spontaneous abortion after ART. The combined genetic techniques to detect the spontaneous abortion tissues are helpful for the ART treatment of infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To verify the maternal balanced reciprocal translocation t (22;22) in a pregnant woman and the partial trisomy 22q in her fetus, which detected by G banding in a local hospital, using the combined genetic techniques. Methods: G -banding, N -banding and FISH were performed in the pregnant woman and her fetus, and high-resolution G-banding and N-banding in parents of the pregnant woman. Results: Inherited from her mother, the pregnant woman had the karyotype of 46,XX,t (11;22) (q25;q13), 22ps + . 22ps+ which was obviously a balanced reciprocal translocation with a pair of 22ps+ polymorphisms. A 22ps+ and a normal chromosome 11 in fetus were found to transmit from the pregnant woman, leading to a balanced karyotype in the fetus. Conclusions: The comprehensive analysis by using combined genetic techniques should be performed in fetus and family members to prevent errors in prenatal diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze retrospectively the abnormal karyotypes, and the indications of prenatal diagnosis, and to follow-up survey those fetuses with abnormal karyotypes, so as to provide references for genetic counseling. Methods: Chromosomal karyotype analysis was performed in 15 413 cases with the indications of prenatal diagnosis, using fetal samples by amniocentesis or umbilical cord puncture with the informed consent. Total 220 pairs with abnormal karyotype fetuses were surveyed follow-up by phone, and their child were checked chromosomal karyotypes using peripheral blood samples. Results: Total success rate of cell culture was 99.6% (15 349/15 413), including 99.76%(11 299/11 326) in amniotic fluid samples and 99.1%(4 050/4 087) in umbilical cord blood samples. The rate of chromosomal abnormalities was 11.20% (1 719/15 349), including 8.70% (1 335/ 15 349) normal polymorphism, 1.72% (264/15 349) abnormal number of chromosomes and 0.79% (121/15 349) structural abnormalities of chromosomes. Classified according to the indications of prenatal diagnosis, the rates of chromosomal abnormalities were as follows, 10.67% (879/8 236) Down's syndrome, 9.76% (128/1 312) elderly pregnant women, 12.27% (138/1 125) history of adverse pregnancy, 11.40% (124/1 087) abnormality found by B-ultrasound, 23.91% (132/552) abortion due to fetal malformation. In those chromosomal abnormalities, 108 abnormal karyotypes were from mothers, 69 from fathers, 43 from spontaneous abnormalities. Conclusions: The prenatal diagnosis and chromosomal analysis in those high-risk pregnant women are helpful to reduce birth defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestation, cytogenetics, gene mutations and prognostic factors of chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) . Methods: 16 CNL cases, according to WHO (2016) -definition, were reviewed retrospectively. Identifications of the CSF3R, ASXL1, SETBP1, CALR and MPL mutations were performed by direct sequencing. JAK2 V617F mutation was detected by AS-PCR. Results: Of the 16 CNL patients, the median age was 64 (43-80) years with a male predominance of 75% (12/16) . The median hemoglobin was 114 (81-154) g/L, with median WBC of 41.20 (26.05-167.70) (10(9)/L and median PLT of 238 (91-394) ×10(9)/L.The median level of marrow fibrosis (MF) was 1 (0-3) degree. There was no other cytogenetic abnormalities except t (1;7) (p32;q11) , +21 and 14ps+ for each. All the 16 CNL patients harbored CSF3R T618I mutation. ASXL1 mutations were identified in 81% (13/16) , while SETBP1 mutations were confirmed in 63% (10/16) . The CALR K385fs*47 mutation was found. There was no mutation in JAK2 V617F or MPL in the above 16 patients. The median overall survival (OS) of patients presented with WBC≥50×10(9)/L at diagnosis (11 months) was significantly shorter than of WBC<50×10(9)/L (39 months, P =0.005) . Conclusion: CSF3R T618I mutation was specific for CNL. The median OS of CNL patients was 24 months, and WBC≥50×10(9)/L at diagnosis was an unfavorable prognostic factor.