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Objective To investigate the predictive value of placental microvascular index combined with serum matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 (TIMP-2) levels in fetal growth restriction (FGR) in pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE). Methods A total of 139 PE pregnant women (observation group), including 41 with FGR, 98 without FGR, and meanwhile, 50 normal pregnant women (control group) were selected. On the day after admission in the observation group and on the day of physical examination in the control group, the placental microvascular examination was performed by three-dimensional ultrasonic diagnostic instrument, and the placental microvascular index, including vascularization index (VI), blood flow index (FI) and vascularization-flow index (VFI), was recorded. Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected, serum was retained by centrifugation, and serum TIMP-2 was detected by double antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The risk factors of FGR in PE pregnant women were analyzed, and the predictive value of placental microvascular index and serum TIMP-2 level for FGR in PE pregnant women was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The placental microvascular indexes VI, FI and VFI levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the serum TIMP-2 level was higher than that in the control group (all P<0. 05). Univariate analysis showed that the placental microvascular indexes VI, FI and VFI of the PE pregnant women with FGR were lower than those in PE pregnant women without FGR, while the serum TIMP-2 level was higher (all P<0. 05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the decreased placental microvascular indexes VI, FI and VFI and the increased serum TIMP-2 were independent risk factors for FGR in PE pregnant women (all P<0. 05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of placental microvascular indexes VI, FI, VFI and serum TIMP-2 in predicting the occurrence of FGR in PE pregnant women was 0. 792, 0. 797, 0. 821 and 0. 696, respectively, and the AUC of the four combined in predicting the occurrence of FGR in PE pregnant women was 0. 949. The AUC of the combination of placental microvascular indexes VI, FI, VFI and serum TIMP-2 in predicting FGR in PE pregnant women was higher than that of the four alone (all P<0. 05) . Conclusions The decreased placental microvascular indexes VI, FI and VFI and the increased serum TIMP-2 level are independent risk factors for FGR in PE pregnant women. The placental microvascular indexes VI, FI, VFI and serum TIMP-2 have certain predictive value for the occurrence of FGR in PE pregnant women, and the predictive value of the four combined is higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The decidua, a specialized endometrium during pregnancy, plays a crucial role in promoting embryonic growth and maintaining immune tolerance. Recent research shows that decidual tissue is enriched with a large number of immune cells, primarily natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages. During normal pregnancy, various immune and non-immune cells regulate each other to maintain an overall immune balance at the maternalfetal interface. Disruption of this immune balance can lead to various pregnancy-related complications, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. This review highlights the sources, subsets, physiological functions, and pathological roles of decidual NK cells during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Objective：To study the diagnostic efficacy of thromboelastography combined with ultrasound quantitative parameters on fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods：A total of 50 cases of pregnant women with FGR admitted to Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2021 to May 2023 were collected as the FGR group, and 50 pregnant women with normal fetal development in the same period and age group were selected as controls (the control group). The thromboelastogram indicators［maximum amplitude (MA), Angle, coagulation time (K), coagulation response time (R)］, umbilical and middle cerebral artery resistance index (RI), pulsation index (PI), end⁃systolic/end⁃diastolic peak value (S/D), cerebroplacental rate (CPR), weight, and abdominal circumference were compared between the two groups. Binary correlation and partial correlation analyses were performed to explore the correlation of thromboelastogram and ultrasound quantitative parameters with weight or abdominal circumference. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to analyze the diagnostic value of thromboelastogram, ultrasound quantitative parameters, and the combined diagnosis of FGR. Results：Second-trimester, late-pregnancy, and before delivery the value of R and K were lower in the FGR group than in the control group, while the value of Angle and MA were higher (P < 0.05). The value of Umbilical artery S/D, umbilical artery PI, and umbilical artery RI in the FGR group were higher than those in the control group during the second⁃trimester, late-pregnancy, and before delivery, while the value of middle cerebral artery S/D, middle cerebral artery PI, middle cerebral artery RI, and CRP were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The weight and abdominal circumference of the FGR group were lower than those of the control group in the second⁃trimester, late-pregnancy, and before delivery (P < 0.05). The binary correlation analysis showed that the thromboelastography and ultrasound quantitative parameters before delivery were more strongly correlated with both body weight and abdominal circumference (P < 0.05). Partial correlation analysis indicated that the value of R, K, middle cerebral artery RI, and CRP were positively correlated with body weight and abdominal circumference before delivery, while the value of Angle, MA, umbilical artery S/D, umbilical artery PI and umbilical artery RI remained negatively correlated with body weight and abdominal circumference (P < 0.05). The combined diagnosis of FGR by using thromboelastography and ultrasound quantitative parameters before delivery had a higher area under curve (AUC) than each single index (P < 0.05). Conclusion：The quantitative detection of thromboelastography combined with ultrasound in pregnant women with FGR can effectively monitor changes in coagulation function and fetal hemodynamics at different stages of pregnancy, which has a high value in the diagnosis of FGR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of autophagy related proteins Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3) in placenta tissues of pregnant women with fetal growth restriction(FGR). Methods A total of 40 pregnant women undergoing delivery due to FGR and 40 pregnant women undergoing normal delivery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were enrolled as FGR group and healthy group between August 2022 and August 2023. The general clinical data in the two groups were collected. The levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 mRNA in placenta tissues were detected by PCR, and expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differences in positive of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins among patients with different clinical data were analyzed. Results The placental thickness, placental mass and neonatal weight in FGR group were lower than those in healthy group(P＜0.05). The mRNA levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 in FGR group were higher than those in healthy group(P＜0.05) and positive expression rates of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins were significantly higher than those in healthy group(P＜0.05). There was significant difference in positive expression profile of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins among patients with different placental thickness, placental mass and neonatal weight(P＜0.05). Conclusions The positive expressions of autophagy genes(Beclin-1 and LC3) are related to FGR, and their specific expression levels are closely related to fetal growth and development.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA）, inhibin A (INH-A）and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in patients with early onset severe preeclampsia (SPE）. Methods: 110 patients with early onset SPE who were delivered in The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as observation group, and 100 healthy pregnant women were selected as control group, patients with early onset SPE were divided into FGR group (46 cases) and no FGR group (64 cases) according to whether FGR was combined. The levels of serum ADMA and INH-A in observation group and control group were compared. The influencing factors of FGR in patients with early onset SPE were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis, the predictive effect of serum ADMA and INH-A levels on FGR in patients with early onset SPE were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC）. Results: Compared with control group, the levels of serum ADMA and INH-A in observation group were increased (P＜0.05）. Compared with no FGR group, the levels of ADMA, INH-A, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum creatinine, 24 h urinary protein quantification, and umbilical artery blood flow end-systolic velocity/end-diastolic velocity ratio (S/D) were increased in FGR group, while the pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was decreased (P＜0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, 24 h urinary protein quantification, arterial blood flow S/D, ADMA and INH-A were independent risk factors for FGR in patients with early onset SPE (P＜0.05）. ROC analysis showed that, the area under the curve of combined prediction of serum ADMA and INH-A levels in patients with early onset SPE complicated with FGR was greater than that of single prediction. Conclusion: The levels of serum ADMA and INH-A in patients with early onset SPE are abnormally increase, and are involve in the occurrence and development of FGR, in addition, the combination of serum ADMA and INH-A levels has a high predictive efficiency for FGR in patients with early onset SPE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of autophagy related proteins Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3) in placenta tissues of pregnant women with fetal growth restriction(FGR). Methods A total of 40 pregnant women undergoing delivery due to FGR and 40 pregnant women undergoing normal delivery in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were enrolled as FGR group and healthy group between August 2022 and August 2023. The general clinical data in the two groups were collected. The levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 mRNA in placenta tissues were detected by PCR, and expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry. The differences in positive of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins among patients with different clinical data were analyzed. Results The placental thickness, placental mass and neonatal weight in FGR group were lower than those in healthy group(P＜0.05). The mRNA levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 in FGR group were higher than those in healthy group(P＜0.05) and positive expression rates of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins were significantly higher than those in healthy group(P＜0.05). There was significant difference in positive expression profile of Beclin-1 and LC3 proteins among patients with different placental thickness, placental mass and neonatal weight(P＜0.05). Conclusions The positive expressions of autophagy genes(Beclin-1 and LC3) are related to FGR, and their specific expression levels are closely related to fetal growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of combining matemal serum placental growth factor (PLGF) levels with maternal and fetal vascular parameters in predicting fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods Sixty pregnant women diagnosed with FGR (FGR group) and 60 pregnant women with routine prenatal examinations (Healthy group) were selected. Maternal serum PLGF levels were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Ultra-sonography was performed on pregnant women at gestational weeks 20-24 to assess parameters including uterine artery (UtA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and umbilical artery (UA) resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and systolic/diastolic blood flow ratio (S/D). ROC curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive value of maternal serum PL-GF levels combined with maternal and fetal vascular parameters for FGR. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conduc- ted to identify factors influencing the occurrence of FGR. Results The FGR group showed significantly higher RI, PI, and S/D in UtA and UA, while serum PLGF levels, as well as RI, PI, and S/D in MCA, were significantly lower com- pared to the Healthy group (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that UtA-S/D, MCA-PI, UA-RI, and UA- PI had high sensitivity, while PLGF, UA-S/D, and MCA - S/D exhibited high specificity, all exceeding 90%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that UtA - RI, UA-PI, UtA-S/D, MCAPI, MCA-S/D, UA-RI, UA-PI, UA-S/D, and PLGF were factors influencing the occurrence of FGR (P<0.05). Conclusion Lower maternal serum PLGF levels and abnormal maternal fetal vascular parameters can serve as potential indicators for predicting the occurrence of FGR in pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the relationships between peripheral blood levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in patients with gestation‐ al diabetes mellitus (GDM) in late pregnancy. Methods Totally 143 pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy were selected as the GDM group, and another 46 healthy pregnant women in late pregnancy were selected as the control group during the same period. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the levels of CXCL12 and GAS6 in peripheral blood. The medical records of GDM patients were collected. The pregnant women with GDM were classified into the FGR group of 42 cases and the non-FGR group of 101 cases according to whether FGR occurred or not. Multifactorial Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of FGR in pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy. The predictive value of peripheral blood CXCL12 and GAS6 levels on the occurrence of FGR in pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy was analyzed by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Com‐ pared with the control group, peripheral blood CXCL12 level decreased and GAS6 level increased in the GDM group (both P<0. 05). The incidence of FGR in 143 pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy was 29. 37% (42/143). Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance and elevated GAS6 were independent risk factors and CXCL12 was an independent protective factor for the development of FGR in pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy (all P<0. 05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of peripheral blood CX‐ CL12, GAS6, and CXCL12 combined with GAS6 in predicting the occurrence of FGR in pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy were 0. 783，0. 784, and 0. 869, respectively (all P<0. 05). Conclusion Decreased peripheral blood CXCL12 level and increased GAS6 level in pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy are closely related to FGR, and peripheral blood CXCL12 and GAS6 levels are of high value in predicting the occurrence of FGR in pregnant women with GDM in late pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To provide further data for clinical treatment of rare autosomal trisomy (RATs), through the analysis of the results of RATs screened by non-invasive prenatal examination (NIPT). Method A total of 85, 525 pregnant women who received NIPT in Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from January 1, 2018 to June 1, 2022 were selected. Invasive diagnosis was performed for women with high risk results and pregnancy outcome was followed. Result Among the 85, 525 samples, 182 cases of high risk of RATs were detected. A total of 136 cases chose for further diagnosis, and 7 cases were confirmed, including 2 cases of T2, 1 case of T7, 1 case of T9, 1 case of T15, and 2 cases of T16. Positive predictive value (PPV) were 50%, 3.13%, 12.5%, 33.3%, and 12.5%, respectively, and the PPV of other chromosomes was 0. The total PPV was 5.15%. Detailed follow-up was conducted in 121 high-risk pregnant women, and 116 (95.87%) had a live birth, the incidence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preterm birth (PTB) were 25.62%, 20.66% respectively. Conclusion RATs screened by NIPT has a lower PPV, but the high risk of RATs has important clinical significance, suggesting that pregnant women are at increased risk of FGR and PTB and need enhanced ultrasound follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To discuss prenatal ultrasonographic characteristics of placental lake-like lesions and the significance of prenatal diagnosis of these lesions. Methods Six patients with prenatal placental lake-like lesions (maximal diameter>5 cm) detected by ultrasound were selected from Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University from February 2016 to December 2021. Their demographic data, ultrasound features, clinical diagnoses and pregnancy outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results All the patients had a singleton pregnancy, aged 27-33 years at diagnosis, and were initially found with placental lake-like lesions at 18 weeks and two days of pregnancy to 31 weeks and 6 days of pregnancy. Lake-like lesions with clear margins with placenta were detected by ultrasound in cases 1, 2 and 3, all of them were clinically diagnosed with massive subchorionic hematoma (MSH) , then underwent ceserean section at less than 34 weeks but greater than 33 weeks of pregnancy, less than 30 weeks but greater than 29 weeks of pregnancy, and 32 weeks of pregnancy, respectively, and all of 3 neonates had hypospadias. In case 4, a lake-like lesion with definite border protruding into amniotic cavity was found, which spontaneously disappeared in minutes. Fetal growth was unremarkable during pregnancy. In follow-up, the lesion was decreased significantly. Final diagnosis was real large placental lake. In cases 5 and 6, lake-like lesions diffusely involved most part of placenta, with decreased normal placental tissues. Both cases were complicated by early-onset fetal growth restriction (all biometric parameters

Objective To investigate the relationships between serum placental growth factor (PLGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDP) in the third trimester. Methods A total of 187 patients with HDP in the third trimester were selected and were divided into the FGR group (52 cases) and non-FGR group (135 cases) according to whether FGR occurred. The venous blood was collected from the subjects when they were enrolled; the serum was separated, and the serum PLGF and VEGF were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between serum PLGF and VEGF levels. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum PLGF and VEGF for FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester. Results The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the FGR group were higher than those in the non-FGR group, and the serum levels of PLGF and VEGF were lower than those in the non-FGR group (all P<0.05) . There were no significant differences in the age or gestational age between the two groups (both P>0. 05) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum PLGF level was positively correlated with VEGF level in FGR group (r=0. 691, P<0.05) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting blood pressure, increased serum PLGF and VEGF levels were independent protective factors for FGR in HDP patients (all P<0. 05) . The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve, optimal cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity of serum PLGF in predicting FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester were 0.762 (95% CI：0.695-0.821), 231.40 pg/mL, 71.15%, and 73.33%, respectively; the area under the curve, optimal cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity of serum VEGF in predicting FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester were 0. 815 (95% CI：0.752-0.868), 423.90 pg/mL, 94.23%, and 57.78%, respectively; the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity of PLGF+VEGF in predicting FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester were 0. 856 (95% CI: 0.798-0.903), 92.31%, and 62.22%, respectively. The area under the curve of PLGF+VEGF in predicting the occurrence of FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester was greater than that of PLGF and VEGF alone (both P<0.05). Conclusions Serum levels of PLGF and VEGF in HDP patients in the third trimester decreases, and the increased levels of the two are independent protective factors for FGR, and can be used as predictive indicators for the occurrence of FGR in HDP patients in the third trimester. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Imaging Science & Photochemistry is the property of Imaging Science & Photochemistry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the expression, function and potential mechanism of circular RNA circVCAN(also known as hsa-circ-0073239)in fetal growth restriction (FGR) placenta. Methods The placenta tissue samples were collected from 24 pregnant women (12 with FGR and 12 normal pregnancy) admitted in our hospital from January to December 2018. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect the expression of circVCAN in these placenta samples. Human placental trophoblast cell line HTR8/SVneo was cultured and then transfected with circVCAN interference and overexpression plasmid, respectively. EdU assay, flow cytometer and Transwell assay were carried out respectively to verify the variations in the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion abilities of the cells. And the expression of autophagy related proteins LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, ATG5 and ATG7 was measured by Western blotting. Results The expression levels of circVCAN, ATG5, ATG7 and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwere significantly higher in FGR placenta tissue than in the normal group (P < 0.01). The termination of pregnancy was earlier in FGR patients than in normal group (P < 0.05), with newborns from the FGR group having lower birth body weight (P < 0.01) and placenta weight (P < 0.05) as well as shorter birth body length (P < 0.01) when compared with those from the normal group. Silencing of circVCAN resulted in enhanced proliferation and invasion abilities in HTR8/SVneo cells (P < 0.01), while circVCAN overexpression led to decreased proliferation and invasion abilities in the cells (P < 0.01), but no statistical difference was seen in the apoptotic rate (P>0.05). The expression levels of autophagy related proteins LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, ATG5 and ATG7 were significantly lower in circVCAN interfered cells (P < 0.05), while higher in circVCAN overexpressed cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion CircVCAN is highly expressed in FGR placenta tissue, though it showing no effect on apoptosis but inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of HTR8/SVneo trophoblast cells, and may enhance autophagy by promoting the expression of ATG5 and ATG7.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of the blood flow parameters by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in late pregnancy with fetal growth restriction (FGR). A total of 110 cases of third trimester pregnant women with FGR were selected as observation group, and 110 cases of normal pregnant women in the third trimester were selected as the control group. The differences in CDFI blood flow parameters between the two groups were compared. The experimental results showed that, compared to the control group, the PI, RI and S/D of umbilical artery in the observation group was higher. The PI, RI and S/D of the middle cerebral artery in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The end systolic reflux velocity (ESRV) of aortic arch isthmus in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of umbilical artery PI, RI and S/D, middle cerebral artery PI, RI and S/D, and ESRV in diagnosing FGR, the area under ROC curve of middle cerebral artery PI was the largest. CDFI blood flow parameters have certain value in the diagnosis of FGR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (HDCP) is a group of diseases with pregnancy and high blood pressure at the same time, which is unique during the gestation period. This group of diseases are characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria and edema. It can lead to higher risk of adverse conditions such as heart failure, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage or placental abruption in pregnant women. And it is also accompanied with multiple organ damage, affect mother and her baby′s health seriously. Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a failure of fetus to reach its growth potential due to genetical or maternal placenta environmental factors. FGR is the second reason of perinatal death in China, with an incidence of 6.39%. The incidence of HDCP and FGR is high to 20%-30%, however, the pathological mechanism of the relationship between them is not clear. Existing studies generally believe that hypertension during pregnancy combined with fetal intrauterine growth restriction, may be affected by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and many other cytokines, which are related to placental insufficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The estimated fetal weight (EFW), using the parameters of pregnant woman and fetuse before birth, plays an important role in helping evaluating fetal development and pregnancy outcome. Various methods have been used to calculate EFW. Predictive accuracy of estimating EFW by using pregnant women's parameters depends on doctors' experience and standardization of measurement. Some appraisal procedures, such as Hadlock formula, which mainly focus on prenatal fetal ultrasound parameters, have been widely used in clinics but still have large errors. Measurements of fetal volume by 3-dimentional ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging methods show significant improvements, yet they cannot be widely used because of time and economic issues. The prediction coincidence rate of a model with big data based on analysis of neural network, is better than that of traditional ultrasonic detection. It could be a better method of EFW in the future. In summary, accurate evaluation of EFW and its application to obstetric clinic are still major challenges in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore effective predictors of fetal brain injury in utero with fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods 380 F GR pregnant women who were hospitalized in the Hunan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital for childbirth from January 2018 to January 2019 were taken as the research group, and were divided into brain injury group and non brain injury group according to their post natal neurological performance and imaging examination. A nd 400 pregnant women who had no other complications near the same gestational week as t he control group. Peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood were collected from three groups of pregnant women and the level of S100B protein was determined by ELISA. Results The levels of S100B protein in peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood of brain injury group were significantly higher than t hos e of non brain injury group and control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0. 05) ;S100B protein in peripheral blood and cord blood of pregnant women in brain injury group was correlated (P< O. 05 ); S100B protein in cord blood and peripheral blood of pregnant women in brain injury group was correlated wit h fetal brain injury (P < O. 05) ;The total average development quotient of each month in the brain injury group was lower than t hat of the control group and t he no brain injury group, the difference was statistically significant (P

Copyright of Imaging Science & Photochemistry is the property of Imaging Science & Photochemistry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Velamentous cord insertion (VCI) refers to the attachment of umbilical cord to the fetal membrane at the edge of placenta, which is more common in primiparas, multiple pregnancies and pregnant women who used human assisted reproductive technology. Because of its special anatomic position, VCI can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes of both mother and infant. Mild cases show fetal growth retardation, and severe cases show intrauterine fetal death. In terms of treatment, there is no specific and effective drug intervention, and the clinical treatment mainly depends on the gestational age and intrauterine condition of the fetus. We reported a clinical case of twin fetuses growth restriction caused by both of VCI after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. We hope to improve the academic vision and the understanding of this disease in obstetricians and gynecologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Globular placenta is a rare type of abnormal placental morphology. It shows small placental volume and placental thickening on imaging, and the placental edge is round and blunt. Some studies have pointed out that it may be due to the invasion of superficial villi into maternal tissue and insufficient transformation of spiral arterioles. It leads to placental ischemia, and early poor perfusion causes abnormal placenta morphology, which is manifested as fibrin deposition around the villi under the microscope. Because the effective exchange area of the globular placenta is smaller than that of the normal placenta, its influence on the fetus gradually appears with the increase of gestational age. Studies have observed that placental volume and placental thickness are associated with fetal growth restriction during pregnancy. Growth-restricted fetuses are at increased risk for perinatal diseases such as intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, etc. Hemodynamic parameters will reflect the problem of placental perfusion, such as the peak systolic/diastolic blood flow of the uterine artery and umbilical artery, etc. During pregnancy, these two ultrasound indicators and placental morphology should be monitored to detect the disease at an early stage and in the early stage of disease progression. The use of drug intervention may improve perinatal outcomes, but the current clinical evidence is insufficient. Most physicians use empirical treatment, that is, to improve placental circulation and increase perfusion, but there is currently no obvious effective drug. There is no consensus on the doses of drugs such as aspirin and heparin, and the reported obstetric outcomes vary from study to study. In order to better treat these diseases, provide more adequate clinical data, and lay the foundation for further research in the later period, this report describes a young woman who was treated in our hospital. This report describes a young woman who presented to our hospital with a thickening of the placenta on mid-trimester ultrasonography, aggressive use of drug therapy and close follow-up when the fetus did not lag behind, and who developed fetal lag in the third trimester and was accompanied by The fetus was hemodynamically abnormal, and a live birth was obtained after timely termination of the pregnancy, but early necrotizing enteritis developed. Finally, we combined the literature review to understand the pathological mechanism, clinical characteristics, disease prognosis and corresponding treatment methods of the disease.

OBJECTIVE: Systematically review the efficacy and safety of Danshen injections in treatment of fetal growth restriction, so as to provide reference for the rational drug use. METHODS: Pubmed, CENTRAL, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database were retrieved by computers to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving Danshen injections from inception to Mar. 2016. Included literatures were extracted and bias risks were evaluated independently by two reviewers, meta-analysis or descriptive analysis were conducted based on literature situations. RESULTS: A total of 6 RCTs were involved, including 432 participants. Danshen injections based on conventional therapy for fetal growth restriction can improve the neonate birth weight, fundal height and abdominal perimeter of mother, biparietal diameter and femur length of fetus. However, adverse and safety outcomes as stillbirth and neonatal death were not reported in all 6 studies. CONCLUSIONS: Danshen injections can improve the neonate birth weight and important indicators for fetus and mother, yet high quality, regular, large-sample RCTs concerning neonatal relating and safety outcomes of Danshen injections in fetal growth restriction treatment are needed to determine its clinical efficacy and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]