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Objective:To establish a complete set of dielectric properties detective method for osteoblast by using mouse osteoblast. Methods: Different shape and size of cell dielectric spectroscopy detection device(dielectric cell) was designed and made, and the biocompatibility, including the toxicity test of leach liquor, HE staining was measured to observe the cell morphology. The cell were cultured in the measuring vessel, parallel conductance Gp and parallel capacitance Cp in 20Hz~10MHz was detected by impedance analyzer and draw the dielectric spectra. Results: Biocompatibility testing showed that the dielectric cell had no toxicity to cell and it can be used. Dielectric properties detection results showed that with the increase of frequency, the capacitance decreased, conductance slightly increased and then decreased. With the growth of the culture time, the Cp and Gp values all decreased. Moderate intensity magnetic field treated showed that the Cp and Gp values all declined. Conclusions: This method can provide a research bases for other dielectric property detective of adherent cells, and it can also provide a reference for adherent cells analysis based on this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofilms are microbial communities composed of bacteria cells and self-produced extracellular polymeric substances and lead to antibiotic resistance, forming a great threat in the fields of medicine, food industries and so on. The formation of biofilms is a multi-stage dynamic process regulated by multiple mechanisms. Recently, researchers paid much more attention to the related research areas of biofilms, especially the detection methods of biofilms. This paper introduced the characteristics and formation process of biofilms as well as the effects of quorum sensing on biofilms development. Meanwhile, we discussed the detection methods of biofilms, especially electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in detection of biofilms in detail. Furthermore, we reviewed and predicted that microfluidic chips based EIS served as an in-situ and online monitoring method for biofilms growth.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of fluoride on electrochemical corrosion of the dental pure titanium before and after adhesion of Streptococcus mutans., Methods: The dental pure titanium specimens were tested by electrochemical measurement system including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curve (PD) methods in artificial saliva with 0 g/L and 1.0 g/L sodium fluoride before and after dipped into culture medium with Streptococcus mutans for 24 h. The corrosion parameters, including the polarization resistance (R(ct)), corrosion potential (E(corr)), pitting breakdown potential (E(b)), and the difference between E(corr) and E(b) representing the "pseudo-passivation" (ΔE) obtained from the electrochemical tests were used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of dental pure titanium. The data were statistically analyzed by 2×2 factorial statistical analysis to examine the effect of sodium fluoride and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans using SPSS 12.0 software package., Results: The results showed that the corrosion parameters including R(ct), Ecorr, E(b), and ΔE of pure titanium had significant difference between before and after adhesion of Streptococcus mutans in the same solution(P<0.05), and in artificial saliva with 0 g/L and 1.0 g/L sodium fluoride(P<0.05)., Conclusions: The dental pure titanium was prone to corrosion in artificial saliva with sodium fluoride. The corrosion resistance of pure titanium decreased distinctly after immersed in culture medium with Streptococcus mutans.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of bio-impedance spectroscopy (BIS) analysis for marginal tissue malignancy/benignancy identification during Breast-Conserving Surgery (BCS)., Methods: A multicenter parallel-group clinical trial was conducted with the patients who received breast conserving surgery in 2 hospitals. One hundred and fifty breast tissue specimens were collected and analyzed by BIS, frozen section biopsy and paraffin section biopsy respectively. Results were compared and statistical analysis was implemented., Results: For BIS technique to identify malignant/benign marginal tissues, the sensitivity was 92.98%, and the specificity was 94.62%. The coherence of BIS results and frozen section biopsy results was significant, and the Kappa value was higher than 0.75. The mean measuring time of BIS was 2.63 min, which was shorter than frozen section biopsy (18.97 min) and paraffin section biospy (1.12 d)., Conclusion: BIS technique likely has high accuracy in tissue identification so has potential to be adopted as a real-time indicator for marginal tissue malignancy/benignancy identification during breast-conserving surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the corrosion properties of absorbed protein on the surface of NiCr alloys, and provide experimental base for corrosion resistance of dental casting alloys., Methods: NiCr alloy specimens were divided into 3 groups: one group was exposed to the artificial saliva(control group), and the other 2 groups were exposed to the artificial saliva with 1% bovine serum albumin(BSA), or 0.22% lysozyme(LSZ). Group of BSA and group of LSZ were the experimental group. Specimens in 3 groups were cultured in solution of Streptococcus mutans for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48h, and investigated with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement(EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization measurement(POT) to determine the corrosion resistance of the alloys. The data was analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software package., Results: The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of both BSA group and LSZ group were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) and LSZ group was superior to BSA group cultured in the solution of Streptococcus mutans for 12 h. When cultured for 24 h, the corrosion resistance of BSA group and LSZ group had no significant difference (P>0.05), but was still higher than that of the control group. After 36 h culture time, the control group and the BSA group had no statistical difference in corrosion resistance （P>0.05), while the LSZ group had the poorest corrosion resistance. When the culture time extended to 48 h, the control group had a better corrosion resistance compared with the BAS group and the LSZ group(P<0.05), but BSA group had displayed lower corrosion properties than LSZ group. The potentiodynamic polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy had similar results., Conclusions: The adhesion of BSA and LSZ on the surface of the NiCr alloys in the early time could effectively inhibit the corrosive effect of Streptococcus mutans. The LSZ had better effect than BSA. With the continuing role of bacteria and the consumption of the absorb protein, the corrosion resistance of NiCr alloys toward Streptococcus mutans becomes lower than the alloys without absorb protein, which demonstrated that the adhesion of protein would change the surface structure of NiCr alloys and BSA had a greater effect.

To study the adaptability to salt-alkaline stress of Ping'ou hybrid hazelnut, 'Liaozhen 3' shoots which were treated with three types of stress neutral NaCl, alkaline Na2CO3, and mixed salt-alkali, and the changes in electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) parameters and mineral ion contents were subsequently determined. The correlations between the EIS parameters and mineral ion contents were analyzed. The results showed that with the increasing level of NaCl, specific high- frequency resistance (r), specific low-frequency resistance ( r(l)), specific intracellular resistance (r(i)) and specific extracellular resistance (r(e)) of shoots decreased firstly, then increased, and finally decreased again. However, these parameters increased gradually with the increasing level of Na2CO3, while r(l) and r(e) decreased slowly in the mixed salt-alkali treatments. The Na+ contents of shoots increased significantly under the three salt-alkali stresses with the order of NaCl stress > mixed salt-alkali stress > Na2CO3 stress. Furthermore, Na2CO3 stress resulted in the decreases in the contents of three elements Zn, B and Ca. The significant negative correlation was found between the sum of five cations and four EIS parameters r(l), r(e), relaxation time (τ) , and distribution coefficient of relaxation time (ψ). The shoots of 'Liaozhen 3' might be tolerant of Na2CO3 stress of 200 mmol · L(-1), while they could be resistant to NaCl stress of 100-150 mmol · L(-1).

Purpose: With the help of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the purpose of the study was to investigate the corrosion resistance of CoCr alloys ,NiCr alloys and commercially pure Ti(cp Ti) in the artificial saliva(AS)., Methods: With the EIS, a test was made on the three alloys/metals in the AS (See Bode plot and Nyquist plot). And then, an analysis was made on what was known in the test by the software of ZSimpWin, after which the corrosion resistance of the alloys/metals was evaluated against the parameters of equivalent circuit [R(CR)]., Results: In the Nyquist plot, the capacitance arc radius was in the sequence of cp Ti>CoCr>NiCr. From the Bode plot, an one time constant was able to be obtained. That was the capacitor layer. According to the equivalent circuit[R(CR)], there was no significant difference in the capacitor layer of the three alloys/metals. And the sequence of the impedance value of the three alloys/metals was cp Ti>CoCr>NiCr., Conclusions: The EIS results suggest that the three alloys/metals have a great corrosion resistance with cp Ti having the highest corrosion resistance and that CoCr alloys is better than NiCr alloys in the corrosion resistance. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No.08DZ2271100) and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(Grant No.T0202).