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Ultra high frequency (UHF) partial discharge (PD) detection is a common method for transformer oil-paper insulation defect location. However, the accuracy of PD positioning in practical application is easily affected by noise and sensor layout. In order to ensure the effectiveness of PD positioning detection of transformer oil-paper insulation defect, an UHF PD positioning detection platform for oil-paper insulation defects is established. Based on the conventional K-means method, a modified clustering demarcation PD anti-interference positioning method is proposed, which effectively reduces the positioning error. Aiming at the problem of sample clustering demarcation aliasing, when the optimal correction coefficient L is 1.1, the UHF PD positioning error can be reduced to less than 0.1 m, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the variation law of positioning error of different sensor layout is analyzed, and the optimal layout scheme of UHF sensor for transformer oil-paper insulation defect detection is proposed, which can provide reference for the layout and positioning of transformer on-line monitoring sensor.

Copyright of China Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery is the property of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BackgroundIn recent years, the rising number of e-cigarette users among adolescents and the surging cases of lung injury related to e-cigarette use have attracted the attention of researchers in various fields.ObjectiveTo identify the research hotspots and trends of e-cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury (EVALI) worldwide from 2013 to 2022 by bibliometric and visual analysis. MethodsWeb of Science Core Collection was selected to obtain literature related to EVALI from 2013 to 2022 across the world, statistics were calculated by country/region, institution, author, journal, cited literature, keyword, etc. CiteSpace 6.2.R1 was used for visual analysis to draw diagrams of publication trend, author cooperation network, co-citation clustering time distribution, and keyword cluster. ResultsA total of 888 EVALI-related papers published between 2013 and 2022 were retrieved. The number of publications was gradually increased, with a significant increase in 2020 and a decrease from 2021, but the number of citations was increased year by year. The most active country was the United States (631 articles). European and American countries cooperated closely and the centrality was prominent. Among the publishing institutions, the University of California system topped the list with 103 articles. Rahman I (27 articles) published the most articles and had a high degree of centrality; Goniewicz M L was the most cited author; and the network analysis diagram showed relatively weak collaboration between authors. The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine was the journal with the highest number of publications (94 articles). The top 5 cited articles were all cited more than 300 times. The leading high-frequency keywords of EVALI-related studies were nicotine (149 times), exposure (118 times), and oxidative stress (80 times). The cluster of key nodes in the co-citation network and the clustering time distribution diagram indicated youth e-cigarette addiction received widespread attention from society. From the top 25 keywords with the strongest bursts, the focus of research on the pathogenesis of EVALI gradually shifted from the oxidative stress damage associated with e-cigarette vapor to the oxidative effect of flavoring chemicals in the process of lung injury. The current research interests in this field were mainly the mechanisms of various chemicals in e-cigarettes and the heating elements that led to damage to the lungs. ConclusionEVALI is receiving continuous attention from researchers in government, medical institutions, and other organizations. A variety of e-cigarette ingredients such as flavoring chemicals may lead to varying degrees of cytotoxicity, inflammation, and lung damage. However, the pathophysiology of EVALI remains unclear. In the future, more Chinese scholars should be encouraged to participate in this field.

The insulation performance of transformer bushings is a crucial aspect that directly affects the safe operation of equipment. To diagnose the insulation status of transformer bushings and mitigate the impact of small-sample imbalanced data on diagnostic results, a particle swarm optimization combined with back propagation neural network (PSO-BPNN) and adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN) method are employed to fault diagnosis of transformer bushing. Initially, historical fault data of transformer bushings are gathered, and a sample set of dissolved gases in transformer oil with distinct fault categories is established. The ADASYN algorithm is used to synthesize the minority class samples in the original data, which allowed for obtaining balanced fault data. The balanced dissolved gases in oil served as the model input, and the fault status is used as the label output to diagnose the transformer bushings using the PSO-BPNN model. To diagnose the bushings under the original sample set, the back propagation neural network (BPNN), genetic combined with back propagation neural network (G-BPNN), cuckoo search combined with back propagation neural network (CS-BPNN), and PSO-BPNN models are used. The results reveal that the PSO-BPNN model based on ADASYN balanced data exhibited the highest accuracy among the various models for fault diagnosing the insulation status of transformer bushings. This approach effectively mitigate the impact of small sample imbalanced data on diagnostic results, and provide an effective method for assessing the insulation performance of transformer bushings.

Three kinds of commercial ink-jet printing paper were taken as the research objects, which were represented by sample A, sample B and sample C respectively. Sample A and sample C were domestic products Abbott and Jiayi, and sample B was foreign product Gulou. The structure and composition of the three sample coatings were determined, and the surface properties of the three coatings were analyzed. This helps to understand the performance status of inkjet paper products on the market, and has guiding significance for the study of various factors affecting the performance of inkjet paper coatings. AFM and SEM were used to observe the surface morphology of the three samples. It was found that the coating pigment particles of sample A and sample B had good dispersion uniformity, and the coating pigment particles of sample C aggregated and the dispersion uniformity was poor. The results of cross-section SEM and EDS analysis show that only sample B coating has a double-layer structure, in which the bottom layer is aluminum-based pigment and silicon-based pigment, and the surface layer is only aluminum-based pigment. The coatings of sample A and sample C are single-layer aluminum-based materials. The properties of the coating surface of the three samples were analyzed. The results showed that the basic properties of the three samples met the product quality standards. Among them, the coating of sample B had the highest gloss (74.30%), hardness (3H) and water resistance. In terms of ink absorption, the ink absorption of sample B coating (64.7%) was higher than that of sample C (57.9%), slightly lower than that of sample A (69.2%). Sample B had the best comprehensive performance among the three samples. Finally, a double-layer coating process scheme for improving the performance of inkjet printing paper is proposed, which provides a direction for improving the performance of inkjet printing paper and has practical significance for the research of advanced inkjet printing paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing the iron-carbon microelectrolysis technology to carry out in-depth treatment of waste paper and pulp wastewater, the optimal process parameters were determined based on single factor experiments. In addition, the response surface methodology was employed to optimize the process parameters by analyzing the experimental results. Under the optimized conditions, the excita1tion-emission-matrix spectra and GC-MS were used to analyze the water quality of the treated wastewater. The results showed that the optimal treatment conditions of iron-carbon microelectroly1sis process were initial pH=3.0, filler addition amount 255g L-1, reaction time 120 min, aeration amount 0.9 L min-1, and the COD removal efficiency was 32. 14% under these conditions; the maximum predicted value of COD removal rate calculated under the optimal process conditions was 34.57% from the response surface analysis, which was basically consistent with the experimental results. The results of excitation-emission-matrix spectra analysis showed that the iron-carbon micro1electrolysis process was effective in degrading humic acid and fulvic acid in waste paper and paper wastewater, and GC-MS analysis showed that the relative content of eicosanoids in wastewater was reduced from 43.31% to 4.79% of the original water after the iron-carbon microelectrolysis treat1ment, but a small amount of new pollutants were generated at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of flexible electronics industry, the conventional PET, PEN and other plastic substrates are unable to satiate the requirement due to higher cost and low light extraction efficiency. Paper has broad prospects as a flexible substrate due to its wide access, low-cost and thinness. In this paper, we integrated epoxy resin into sulfuric acid paper to fabricate a new type of substrate: plastic-paper. The plastic-paper has excellent optical properties, mechanical properties as well as water and chemical stability, as found through testing. Results show that the surface flatness and wettability of the paper are improved by the application of epoxy resin coating. The plastic-paper has a high optical transmittance up to 88.25%, reaching the same level with PET substrate. And the plastic-paper also has a high transmittance haze of 62.9%, which is far higher than PET substrate. The plastic-paper has a tensile strength up to 108.4 MPa, along with excellent water and chemical stability. Successful fabrication the organic light-emitting device on the plastic-paper surface and emitted uniform light based on the principle of light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), under atmospheric condition. The best device performance with a maximum luminance of 396. 2 cd m-2, a maximum current efficiency of 0.64 cd A-1, which is 2.9 times higher than that of PET substrates, providing more excellent optoelectronic properties. The developed plastic-paper with high optical transmittance and high optical haze holds a great potential in flexible optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional paper dyes are easy to fade under photothermal conditions, in contrast. waterborne organic pigments have excellent tinctorial strength and high light and weather resistance, which can meet the requirements of highend paper yarn to coloring efficacy and light fastness of the colorants. However, the lack of chemical and hydrogen bonds between organic pigment particles and plant fibers, and the pigments are difficult to fix in the structure of the paper. In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF/TOCNF) were used as the primary skeleton network and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) macromolecules were used as the secondorder reinforcement network, together construct a multilevel gradient network to enclose and fix organic pigment particles. The dispersion and fixation of the pigment particles are realized by double coating. The results show that the coloring efficacy and colorfastness of the paper yarn base paper can be improved significantly by using the gradient network to fix the pigment particles, and has a positive effect on improving the strength and roughness of the paper. This study has an important role in solving the problem of coloring technology in the production of high-end paper yarn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 479 government procurement contract announcement and 402 original contract texts for paper resources were collected and sorted from the "Government Procurement Contract Announcement System" of the China government procurement network in Double First-Class university libraries. Through statistical and textual analysis, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of government procurement contracts for paper resources in double-class university libraries. It examines the overall situation and key terms of these contracts, identifies existing problems, and incorporates the latest laws, regulations, and business practices. It presents several optimization suggestions for the standardized management of government procurement contracts for paper resources in university libraries in China. These suggestions include: standardizing the process of signing and announcing contract information, avoiding the indiscriminate application of contract model text, strengthening the compliance review of contract amount/ price terms, refining product quality service standards and breach of contract liability terms, clearly stipulating settlement and payment terms, and refining the performance acceptance terms. These suggestions aim to provide a useful reference for improving the management of government procurement contracts in university libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Considering the uncertainty of market demand, the uncertainty of the number of returned products and the risk of facility interruption, the carbon quota policy and the construction of new energy facilities are taken as the key factors affecting the decision-making. A dual-objective robust optimization model with minimum total cost and carbon emissions of supply chain network is established, and a Prim-NSGA II algorithm is designed to solve the model. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by comparing with the IGD and SM indexes of the traditional NSGA II algorithm. The optimal network planning scheme under different uncertainties and the management countermeasures under different parameters are obtained. The results show that the algorithm achieves the purpose of accelerating the convergence speed and maintaining the diversity of the population. It is verified that the robust optimization model can realize the comprehensive improvement of the robustness, economic and environmental benefits of the closed-loop supply chain network, and provide decision-making basis for decision makers to formulate specific carbon emission reduction schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional federated learning faces challenges such as high communication costs, structural heterogeneity,and insufficient privacy protection. To address these issues, this paper proposes a federated learning evolutionary algorithm that applies sparse evolutionary training algorithm to reduce communication costs and integrates local differential privacy protection for participants’ privacy. Additionally, it utilizes the NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm to optimize the network structure and sparsity of the global federated learning model, adjusting the relationship between data availability and privacy protection. This achieves a balance between the effectiveness, communication costs, and privacy of the global federated learning model. Experimental results under unstable communication environments demonstrate that, on the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, compared to the solution with the lowest error rate using the FNSGA-Ⅲ algorithm, the proposed algorithm improves communication efficiency by 57. 19% and 52. 17%, respectively. The participants also achieved（3. 46, 10-4） and（6. 52, 10-4）-local differential privacy. This algorithm can effectively reduce communication costs and protect participant privacy without significantly compromising the accuracy of the global model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aimed to explore the nutritional value of sea buckthorn by-products and the antibacterial effects of their extracts on Escherichia coli. The experiment employed the sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate method to determine flavonoid content, while alcohol extraction and water extraction methods were used to extract active substances from sea buckthorn by-products. The antibacterial effects of sea buckthorn by-product extracts on Escherichia coli were investigated by the filter paper method, perforation method, and broth dilution method. The results showed that the dry matter (DM) content of sea buckthorn by-products was 97.98%, ash content was 3.41%, crude protein (CP) content was 12.87%, and crude fat (EE) content was 22.48%. With the increase of sea buckthorn by-product addition, gas production showed a decreasing trend. Among alcohol extraction and water extraction methods, the constant broth dilution method exhibited the best antibacterial effect. In the alcohol extraction method, the filter paper method showed good antibacterial effect with an inhibition zone of 14.6 mm. In the water extraction method, the filter paper method did not exhibit a significant inhibition zone, and the perforation method was not significant in both alcohol extraction and water extraction methods. The study suggests that sea buckthorn by-products have rich nutritional value, and alcohol extraction is more effective in inhibiting Escherichia coli compared to water extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Graphics is the property of Journal of Graphics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The classic reading club, characterized by its unique professionalism, diversity, high degree of freedom, and normalization, is becoming an important research and educational platform in the humanities and social sciences field of universities. Within the resonance field created by the reading club, members engage in collective reading to identify research paper topics, engage in debates to inspire paper writing ideas, write notes to accumulate material for academic writing, and provide mutual feedback to refine paper details, gradually enhancing their academic writing skills. The classic reading club effectively cultivates students' "reading and writing literacy", enhances their critical academic thinking, and helps them acquire essential academic writing skills through continuous practice, filling the gap in traditional classroom teaching in training students' academic paper writing abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organization and structure is the key of social science academic paper writing. The theme contents, perspectives of analysis, narrative methods and language expression determine the organization and structure of the article. Thematic contents include political content, academic content and social content. Perspectives of analysis are macro, meso and micro. Narrative methods include descriptive narrative, explanatory narrative and constructive narrative. Language expression includes academic language, political language and literary language. Combination and arrangement of elements determine the style and characteristics of social science academic paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agro-Environment Science is the property of Journal of Agro-Environment Science Editorial Board and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Transactions of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Transactions of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electric Power Engineering Technology is the property of Editorial Department of Electric Power Engineering Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)