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Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Starch was the main source of carbohydrates in people's daily diet, and its digestibility was an important factor affecting the body's postprandial blood glucose level. In this paper, the effect of xylose on the in vitro digestive properties of corn starch and its mechanism of action were investigated. The in vitro digestibility of starch was evaluated by an in vitro simulated digestion system after different additions of xylose (5%, 10%, and 15%), and the mechanisms of xylose on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as well as its effect on blood glucose fluctuation through enzyme inhibition kinetics, molecular docking, and human glycemic index (GI) tests. The results showed that the digestive hydrolysis of corn starch was inhibited by different amounts of xylose, and the IC50 values of xylose on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were 205.35 and 4.75 mg/mL, respectively, which belonged to the mixed type inhibitors. Xylose interacted with amino acid residues of α-glucosidase and α-amylase through hydrogen bonding with binding energies of −3.05 and −5.30 kcal/mol, respectively. Additionally, the GI value of plant-based peptidoglycan milk decreased from 58 to 45 after the addition of xylose, which demonstrated that xylose was effective in decreasing the fluctuation of postprandial blood glucose. The results could provide scientific data to support the research and application of xylose in nutritional and health foods.

Isolation and identification of acid-producing bacteria from environmental samples is still one of important and effective approaches to obtain strains producing lactic acid with high optical purity. In this study, an isolate strain named HL64-1, producing D-lactic acid with high optical purity, was isolated from rotten fruit. And HL64-1 was characterized as Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides based on morphology, 16S rDNA sequence analysis and sequence similarity Blast analysis. After fermentation for 24 h, 62.18 g/L D-lactic acid was produced with an optical purity of 99.90%(ee) in basic fermentation culture. The acid production rate was 2.59 g/(L·h). Scale-up fermentation of L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 in 5-L fermenter for 72 h produced 78.74 g/L D-lactic acid by replenishment of carbon sources, and the average acid production rate was 1.09 g/(L·h). Moreover, L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 was found to be capable of using effectively cheap raw materials, such as agricultural by-products peanut cake meal and cottonseed meal, as alternative nitrogen sources, leading a reduction of fermentation cost. In addition, L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 could metabolize xylose into D-lactic acid. Co-fermentation of glucose and xylose mixtures showed that glucose significantly enhanced the utilization efficiency of xylose, making L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 to be a promising strain for pure D-lactic acid industrial production.

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Isolation and identification of acid-producing bacteria from environmental samples is still one of important and effective approaches to obtain strains producing lactic acid with high optical purity. In this study, an isolate strain named HL64-1, producing D-lactic acid with high optical purity, was isolated from rotten fruit. And HL64-1 was characterized as Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides based on morphology, 16S rDNA sequence analysis and sequence similarity Blast analysis. After fermentation for 24 h, 62.18 g/L D-lactic acid was produced with an optical purity of 99.90%(ee) in basic fermentation culture. The acid production rate was 2.59 g/(L⋅h). Scale-up fermentation of L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 in 5-L fermenter for 72 h produced 78.74 g/L D-lactic acid by replenishment of carbon sources, and the average acid production rate was 1.09 g/(L⋅h). Moreover, L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 was found to be capable of using effectively cheap raw materials, such as agricultural by-products peanut cake meal and cottonseed meal, as alternative nitrogen sources, leading a reduction of fermentation cost. In addition, L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 could metabolize xylose into D-lactic acid. Co-fermentation of glucose and xylose mixtures showed that glucose significantly enhanced the utilization efficiency of xylose, making L. pseudomesenteroides HL64-1 to be a promising strain for pure D-lactic acid industrial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two monosaccharides, glucose and xylose, were used as glycosyl donors to investigate the effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, protein-to-sugar ratio and protein concentration on the wet glycosylation reaction of soybean protein isolate. The allergenicity of SPI-glucose derivative (SPI-glucose) and SPI-xylose derivative (SPI-xylose) was analyzed. SPI-glucose and SPI-xylose were used to produce the hypo-allergenic Chiba tofu. The results showed that xylose was more likely to glycosylate with SPI than glucose, but it was also more likely to produce melanoidin. The highest degree of glycosylation reaction was observed at the protein concentration of 25 mg/mL. The degree of glycosylation reaction was positively correlated with the reaction temperature, reaction time, and the amount of sugar added. The results of SDS-PAGE and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that glycosylation caused covalent binding of SPI and sugar molecules, and the free amino group content of SPI was reduced. The degree of glycosylation reaction was negatively correlated with the allergenicity of SPI, and the allergenicity of SPI-xylose could be reduced by up to 50%. Chiba tofu made from SPI-xylose using glutamine aminotransferase (TGase) had good elasticity and chewiness.

Copyright of Science & Technology of Food Industry is the property of Science & Technology of Food Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering is the property of Low-Carbon Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, xylose was used as the raw material, combined with sorbitol and citric acid to prepare xylo-oligosaccharides by high-temperature polycondensation. Then, a certain amount of xylo-oligosaccharides were mixed with sodium hydroxide solution to prepare nanoxylan by heat reaction. The results showed that when the material ratio of xylose, sorbitol, and citric acid was 18 : 6 : 1, the processing temperature was 170 °C, and the processing time was 1 h, the yield of xylo-oligosaccharides was the highest. When the sodium hydroxide concentration was 3.5%, the treatment temperature was 60 °C, and the treatment time was 2 h, the obtained nanoxylan exhibited a smaller particle size. The antibacterial experiment was carried out with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as experimental strains. The diameter of the inhibition circle in Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was 11 mm and 12 mm, respectively, which showed a good antibacterial effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain an excellent Fusarium oxysporum strain for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), the cellulase activity of the 14 strains of Fusarium oxysporum was determined, and Congo red plate staining and paper disintegrating tests were carried out to screen the strains, the ethanol production experiment of SSF was carried out to investigate its cellulose degradation and sugar conversion performance. The results showed that strain mh2 had strong cellulose degradation ability, its cellulase activity was 14.28 U/mL, the diameter of transparent circle was 4.5 cm, which could completely degrade the filter paper into paste. The yield of ethanol could reach 98 g/kg and 41.7 g/kg, respectively, and the conversion of ethanol could reach up to 33.36%. In addition, the activities of filter paper enzyme, endo-glucanase, β-glucanase and exo-glucanase in mh2 cellulase system were 25.63, 15.69, 19.61 and 22.44 U/mL, respectively, the degradation rate of bagasse cellulose was 25.6%, and the ethanol conversion rate of glucose and xylose was 0.443 and 0.213 g/g, respectively, the biodegradability of mh2 was 1.58, 1.17 and 3.8 times higher than that of Cs20, respectively, indicating that mh2 had good biodegradability and sugar conversion during SSF. This study can provide data for the study of SSF to enrich the resources of SSF strains and single strain to produce ethanol from lignocellulose.

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University is the property of Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ASPS is a kind of plant polysaccharides extracted from the fruits, roots and stems of Acanthopanax senticosus. Its chemical components include galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, etc. It has physiological functions such as enhancing immunity, lowering blood glucose, anti-oxidation and regulating intestinal microecological balance. It has great potential as a new feed additive in livestock and poultry production. The paper reviews the biological functions of ASPS and its application in livestock and poultry production, in order to provide reference for further research and application of ASPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to establish a method for the detection of Clostridium butyricum. In the test, the purified clostridium butyricum powder was diluted and coated in four different media, including modified FTG, FTG, TSC and TSN, to screen the appropriate medium, and the temperature and pH value gradient were set to screen the most appropriate conditions. Then, the detection method of Clostridium butyricum was verified by gram staining microscopy, biochemical identification, PCR and sequencing identification. The results showed that an improved FTG medium with low cost, strong specificity and easy to observe and count Clostridium butyricum was selected by observing morphology and colony count. The optimum culture conditions were pH (7.0±0.2) and temperature (37±1) ℃. The detected bacteria were grampositive, rod-shaped or spindle shaped, terminal or secondary spores, and positive for lactose, salicin, xylose, starch, melibiose and raffinose. Both the sample and the positive control of Clostridium butyricum showed a band at 548 bp, and the sequence homology was more than 96%, indicating that the detection result was accurate. The study indicates that an improved FTG medium with strong specificity and easy to observe and count Clostridium butyricum is screened, which can effectively detect the content of Clostridium butyricum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Microbial production of chemicals from renewable biomass has emerged as a crucial route for sustainable bio-manufacturing. Lignocellulose with a renewable property and wide sources is supposed to be a promising feedstock for the second-generation biorefinery. The efficient co-utilization of mixed sugars from lignocellulosic hydrolysates represents one of the key challenges in reducing the production cost. However, most microorganisms prefer glucose over xylose due to carbon catabolite repression, which constrains the efficiency of lignocellulosic conversion. Therefore, developing the microbial platforms capable of simultaneously utilizing glucose and xylose is paramount for economically viable industrial-scale production. This article reviews the key strategies and studies of metabolic engineering for promoting efficient co-utilization of glucose and xylose by microorganisms. The representative strategies include relieving glucose repression, enhancing xylose transport, constructing xylose metabolic pathways, and directed evolution.

[Objective] To identify the pathogen of anthracnose of Camellia osmantha Ye CX,Ma JL et Ye H in Guangxi, determine its biological characteristics, and provide disease reference basis for the selection and breeding of disease-resistant C. osmantha.[Method] Samples of typical anthracnose from C. osmantha forests in Nanning city, Laibin city and Chongzuo city were collected, and the pathogenic strains were obtained by tissue separation method and Koch’s rule. According to the description of the morphological characteristics of the pathogen and the multi gene molecular phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal transcription spacer (ITS), actin (ACT), chitin synthase (CHS1） and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), the pathogenic strains were identified, and the biological characteristics of the pathogen were determined by plate method.[Result] A total of 76 strains of Colletotrichum fungi were isolated from typical anthrax samples collected from C. osmantha woodlands in Nanning, Laibing and Chongzuo, Guangxi. The strains were pathogenic to healthy C. osmantha leaves, but the pathogenicity was slightly different. The average diameters of the inoculated spots of representative strains CXNN02,CXLB08 and CXCZ09 in vitro were 6.48,6.39 and 5.20 mm, respectively. The inoculated spots in vivo were slightly smaller than the former, which were 5.53,5.33 and 4.97 mm, respectively. The pathogenicity of CXNN02 strain was slightly stronger. The representative strain CXNN02 had a round colony on the PDA medium, and the hyphae were gray to dark gray, the aerial hyphae are lush, fluffy, and black pigment was produced on the back. The hyphae grow faster, with an average growth rate of 11.75 mm/d. The conidia were smooth, colorless, unicellular, cylindrical, with a blunt or slightly pointed tip, and the size was (13.30-20.67）μm× (3.39-7.48）μm. Appressorium of conidia was light brown to brown, single or multiple, round or nearly round, with complete edges, and the size was (6.50-10.69）μm× (5.17-9.50）μm. Through the analysis of the phylogenetic tree analysis of the morphology and multi-site gene phylogeny of the representative strains CXNN02, CXLB08, CXCZ09, it was determined that Colletotrichum fructicola was the pathogen of C. osmantha anthracnose in Guangxi. The results of biological characteristics measurement showed that, the optimum temperature for mycelial growth and spore production of C. fructicola was 28 ℃,the optimum pH for mycelial growth was 4-5,the optimum pH for spore production was 6,the best carbon source for mycelial growth was D-maltose, D-glucose, D-fructose and D-xylose, the best carbon source for spore production was lactose, and the better nitrogen sources were beef extract, peptone and yeast powder. The spore yield of yeast powder as nitrogen source was the largest; Complete darkness was conducive to the mycelial growth and spore production of C. osmantha anthracnose.[Conclusion] The pathogen of anthracnose of C. osmantha in Guangxi belongs to C. fructicola. The mycelial growth and spore production of anthracnose of C. osmantha is obviously affected by temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen sources and light conditions. C. osmantha is a new host of C. fructicola. The biological characteristics of the anthracnose pathogen must be fully understood when selecting disease-resistant varieties of C. oleifera and formulating control measures for anthracnose pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)