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Since the new era, overseas research on the CPC has continued to heat up. This paper analyzed overseas research on the CPC based on the literature with the theme of "The Communist Party of China" between 2013 and 2022 in the core collection of Web of Science databases with CiteSpace software. The study found that the overseas research on the CPC mainly focused on three aspects: governance of China, promotion of officials, and primary-level governance in the regime; it showed the characteristics of a continuous expansion of the research team, clear problem awareness, diversification of research theories and methods, and a gradual shift from macro research to mesoscopic and microscopic research. However, there are also deficiencies, such as exaggeration and a lack of understanding of China's history and culture, etc. Therefore, making a holistic and comprehensive understanding and grasp of the study of the CPC overseas, telling the Chinese story and transmitting Chinese voice can better cultivate new opportunities in the crisis and open a new situation in the changing situation. This study can provide useful references for the theoretical research of the 20th National Congress and overseas propaganda work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil anti-scourability is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the resistance to soil erosion in practice. This review aims to summarize the conception development of soil anti-scourability. A detailed overview was also provided for the relevant achievements in the soil anti-scourability research in China from 1962 to 2022. A systematical evaluation was performed on the pros and cons of characterization indicators and measurements in each period. An analysis was also made to clarify the influencing factors and mechanisms of soil anti-scourability. At the same time, the CiteSpace networks map was visualized to determine the cooperation relationship between authors and institutions, as well as the hot topics embodied by the keywords using the CNKI and Web of Science database. The results showed that the research on the soil anti-scourability sprouted in the 1970s, and then the heat continued to increase. The largest number of publications was reported in 2012-2017, accounting for 24.47% of the total number of publications. Furthermore, the number of publications accounted for 94.80% of the total number of publications over the past 30 years. Nevertheless, the number of publications accounted for 84.83% of the total since the 21st century. It infers that the research on soil anti-scourability rose in the 1990s, and the heat reached the highest in the early 21st century. The density of the author and institution network maps was 0.003, indicating the characteristics of 'large concentration and small dispersion. The density of the keyword network map was 0.006, among which the soil erosion, plant root, Loess Plateau, vegetation restoration, and shear strength were closely related to the keywords. The number of publications in the three stages of 1962-1982, 1983-2002, and 2003-2022 accounted for 0.89 %, 19.71 % and 79.40 % of the total, respectively. Specifically, some keywords were drawn relatively high attention in the second stage, such as the Loess Plateau, soil erodibility, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, and litter. The hot topics with high attention in the third stage included soil and water conservation, hedgerow, soil erosion, and root system. The intensity of keyword emergence in the third stage was 1.04-2.86 times that in the second stage, indicating the generally improved research on the soil anti-scourability. More importantly, the research gaps and bottlenecks were also summarized in this field. It was difficult to compare the relevant research, due to the diversity characterization indicators and measurements on the soil anti-scourability. Consequently, it was suggested that the water requirement of 1g of dried soil should be taken as the characterization index of soil anti-scourability. In the determination, the field water discharge scouring should be given priority, followed by the undisturbed soil scouring flume. There was a controversial influence mechanism of plant roots, soil physical and chemical properties, and slope on the soil antiscourability. The mathematical model of soil anti-scourability was mainly built around the enhancement effect of plant roots in the loess area. It is still lacking in the interdisciplinary research on soil anti-scourability. The future study of soil antiscourability should focus on the interaction between runoff erosion and soil anti-scourability at the slope and watershed scales. Modern technology can be used to reveal the resistance of soil structures to the runoff damage for better movement downward. The evaluation and prediction can also be made to clarify the influencing mechanism of the regional water and soil conservation, and ecological environment using the prevention and control of soil erosion, and the comprehensive treatment of water and soil loss. The finding can provide an important decision-making basis for the development of future water and soil conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to better promote the development of smart agriculture, this review aims to analyze the research trends, frontiers, and hotspots of the smart orchard at home and abroad using bibliometric analysis. The commonly-used tool (Citespace) of quantitative literature analysis was adopted as the bibliometric analysis in the fields of science and technology. Web of science was selected as the retrieval platform to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of research publications, main research contents, and frontier hotspots of smart orchards published from January 2002 to August 2022. Keywords of crop mainly included the longan, citrus, lychee, and peach. In addition, the keyword "orchard" was added for spare. 579 documents were finally obtained after screening and preprocessing using the following retrieval items: "TI=(longan or citrus or litchi or peach or orchard) And AB=(growth or disease or growing or pest or insect or tree or fruit) And AK=(drone or UAV or AI or intelligent or detection or segmentation or precision or spray or unmanned or robot or sensor or "deep learning" or "machine learning" or "agricultural machinery") . The retrieved data was used to conduct the following steps: The data processing software (Excel) and the bibliometric analysis tool (CiteSpace) were selected to conduct the quantitative analysis. The annual publication from 2002 to 2022 were counted using Excel and the built-in Web of science database. The collinear knowledge map of core authors, institutions, regions, and keywords was then obtained using Citespace and Excel statistical analysis tools. The analysis was also performed on the institutional cooperation network, literature co-citation, high-frequency word clustering, keyword co-occurrence, and keyword emergence. The development history, research regions, institutions, and spatial information, research technologies, and application hotspots of smart orchards were sorted out and summarized over the past 20 years using knowledge graphs. The main conclusions were as follows: The research on smart orchards was on the right track since 2014. There was the rapid development under the promotion of artificial intelligence technology since 2018. Reports published from 2018 to 2021 accounted for 37.5% of the total. In general, there were a relatively close exchange and cooperation between the authors (Lan YB, Chen C, and Tang Y), institutions (South China Agricultural University, China Agricultural University, and Univ of Florida), and regions (China, the United States, and Spain). China and the United States were the major countries in the smart orchard research, accounting for 58.2% of the total. The current research topics were focused mainly on fruit tree growth monitoring, pest identification, and early warning, unmanned or intelligent agricultural machinery operation. The technologies were adopted, including artificial intelligence models/algorithms, sensing, Internet of Things, and Precision control, according to the subdivision of research purposes. The research of deep learning, UAV, and artificial intelligence was the frontier of smart orchard development. The development of smart orchards was deeply promoted by advanced technology, especially artificial intelligence. However, the current limiting steps were determined by the high complexity of the environment and the lack of standard planting in further development. The research directions of smart orchards can be expected as the star-sky-ground three-dimensional orchard perception, air-ground collaborative unmanned precision operation, fruit picking, and visual traceability of fruit products in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a common disease in the field of sports injuries. Research in and outside China is increasing year by year, but there is no visual analysis for patellofemoral pain syndrome. OBJECTIVE: To objectively analyze the literature research on patellofemoral pain syndrome in and outside China in the past 13 years, to summarize the recent research directions in this field and to sort out the knowledge structure in and outside China. METHODS: Relevant articles on patellofemoral pain syndrome were collected from Web of Science and CNKI. Citespace software was used for visual analysis to show the research hotspots and development trends of this field. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 1 679 articles were finally included in the Web of Science database. The authors with the most articles are De Oliveira Silva D from La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia and Crossley KM from the University of Melbourne, Australia. Hot keywords are hip, biomechanics, prevention (prognosis), prevalence disease rate, consensus statement, gender differences, electromyographic activity, risk factor, and osteoarthritis. (2) A total of 214 articles were included and analyzed in the CNKI database. The author with the most articles is Miao Ping from the Rehabilitation Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Hot keywords are arthroscopy, biomechanics, strength training, lateral femoral muscle, surface electromyography, patellofemoral arthritis, and joint replacement. (3) International research hotspots show the biomechanical characteristics of increased knee external rotation, increased hip adduction, and decreased hip internal rotation during patient exercise. Strengthening the hip abductors and external rotators can effectively improve the pain and function of patients. At present, the most appropriate method to treat the disease in the world is a customized multi-modal intervention program, including strengthening of the gluteal muscles and quadriceps, emphasizing education and activity adjustment. (4) The results of major Chinese studies in this field confirm that the use of arthroscopic surgery can improve the pain of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome, and patellofemoral joint replacement has a certain effect on early severe patellofemoral arthritis in such patients. Rehabilitation training methods are mainly based on hip joint strength training, supplemented by core muscles, lower limb eccentric strength and neuromuscular control training. Compared with foreign countries, the unique research hotspots in China are acupuncture and Chinese medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technology has been widely used in neuropsychology, rehabilitation medicine, and pediatrics, due to its advantages of painlessness, non-invasiveness, effectiveness and safety. However, there is yet no visual analysis of literature on TMS for treating stroke. OBJECTIVE: To objectively analyze global research on TMS in the treatment of stroke in recent 10 years, and summarize the recent research direction of this field and sort out the knowledge structure worldwide. METHODS: Based on the relevant literature on TMS for stroke in databases of CNKI and Web of Science, Citespace software was used to visualize the use of TMS in the treatment of stroke. The number, countries, authors, research institutions, keywords, cited references and journals of relevant literatures and funding grants were analyzed to explore the research hotspot and development trend in this field. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 1 729 articles were included in the Web of Science database. Among them, the institution with the most publications was Harvard Medical School, and the country with the most publications was the United States, followed by China. China ranks first in international fund support. The hot keywords included rehabilitation, excitability, motor cortex and etc. As described in a representative English article, TMS therapy at a frequency of 1 Hz was found to improve patients’ motor function to a greater extent. A total of 455 literatures were included in CNKI database. Among them, the institution with the most publications was the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, and the hot keywords were rehabilitation, depression, motor function, aphasia and so on. As described in a representative Chinese article, high-frequency TMS was found to be more effective than low-frequency TMS in improving post-stroke depression and daily living ability. Further analysis of the results shows that, in recent 10 years, the international research frontier and future development trend mainly focus on the mechanism of TMS on cerebral cortical motor areas and the efficacy of TMS combined with other rehabilitation therapies (motor learning and mirror therapy) in the treatment of various functional disorders after stroke. In China, the research frontier and future trend mainly focus on TMS in the treatment of post-stroke depression and motor function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Biological three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been extensively utilized in numerous fields of biomedicine. However, not many cases have been successfully transformed into clinical trials. It is still in the development stage in precision medicine. This technology reveals great potential in realizing individualized medical treatment, changing the existing treatment process, and helping pharmaceutical and medical companies develop more accurate drugs. Furthermore, it is expected to accomplish the closed-loop from individualized information collection and diagnosis to individualized medical product preparation and precise treatment scheme. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the current research and hotspots of biological 3D printing technology in precision medicine. METHODS: Web of Science and Wanfang databases were searched for literature on 3D printing technology in precision medicine published from January 2015 to August 2020. The retrieval results received scientific quantitative analysis through big data analysis tools, mathematical statistics, computer semantic analysis, visualization software, and database analysis and retrieval. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The amount of studies on 3D printing technology in the field of precision medicine gradually increases from 2015 to 2020. (2) The United States has the largest amount of publications, and its cooperation with other countries also occupies a core position. The research in China is also active in this field. (3) The institution that published the most papers in the world in the past five years is the University of California system, while the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University are the Chinese institutions with the highest number of publications. (4) Biofabrication and Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research are the journals with the largest number of publications in the world and in China, respectively. (5) The hotspots of biological 3D printing technology in precision medicine mainly include bioinks, microfluidics, orthopedics, tissue/organ regeneration, and drug development. The research results published in Chinese journals are mainly concentrated in the fields of orthopedics, tissue engineering, clinical teaching, and medical models. (6) As one of the most revolutionary and influential advanced tools, biological 3D printing has achieved some accomplishments in regenerative medicine and organ transplantation. It has become an excellent scientific research tool in tissue engineering, stem cells, and cancer, and has created a way for precision medicine from medical imaging, preoperative plan to implant design and manufacture through digital tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In order to solve the problem that the clinical application of liver transplantation is limited by the shortage of supply sources of liver, scientists from all over the world are actively exploring and have successively studied and developed technical means such as artificial liver, tissue-engineered liver and xenotransplantation. It can be used as a corrective or alternative treatment for liver failure. OBJECTIVE: To expound the development history, research status and future expectation of repair and alternative treatment for liver failure. METHODS: Relevant articles published from 2000 to 2019 were searched in the Web of Science and WanFang databases. The keywords were "active liver, liver tissue engineering, hepatic failure" in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For advanced liver diseases such as liver failure, there are some repair and alternative treatments, including in situ liver transplantation, cell transplantation, artificial liver system, and tissue-engineered liver. To date, a number of hospitals and institutions in China have independently developed artificial liver devices. Although bioartificial liver and mixed artificial liver have shown good prospects in the treatment of liver failure, most of them are still in the experimental stage of animals. Further investigations on the development of bioreactors to enhance cell survival in scaffolds are necessary. Tissue-engineered liver constructed by biological materials and seed cells can to some extent simulate the physiological functions of liver synthesis, detoxification, metabolism, and secretion, which can be transplanted into the body to treat end-stage liver disease. It is a research hotspot in the field of tissue function. Efforts to solve the clotting problem and to promote the vascular formation of scaffold are warranted in this field. Xenograft is the best way to solve the serious shortage of human organ donors, but there is still a long way for this technique away from clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the climate change and human activities, the global ecosystem has changed significantly, which leads to the continuous decline of ecosystem resilience at the regional and even global scale and constrains the sustainable development of ecosystems. The question about how to maintain the sustainable development ability of ecosystem and reduce the influence of uncertainties has attracted extensive attention of scholars at home and abroad. A theory based on ecosystem resilience has provided a framework for solving these problems, but at present, the research of resilience is in the initial stage. Based on this, this paper takes the documents in CNKI database and Web of science database as samples. In CNKI database, the subject is “ecosystem resilience”, and in Web of science core database, the topic is “resilience” & “ecological system” or “marine ecological resilience” or “wetland ecological resilience” or “forest ecological resilience” or “grassland ecological resilience” or “desert ecological resilience” not “social-ecological system” not “urban system” not “community system”. The Histcite citation visualization software is used to select 40 papers with the highest local citation score (LCS), generating citation chronicles of foreign ecosystem resilience literature, with a time span of 1990-2019, so as to analyze the development of resilience research in foreign countries. In the analysis of domestic research hotspot trends, it is mainly to analyze the quantity of keywords appearing at different stages, and to study the evolution of resilience content. At the same time, this paper also uses VOSviewer data processing software to perform co-occurrence and cluster analysis on keywords, and generates a network map of keywords co-occurrence relationship to understand the main research direction of ecosystem resilience at home and abroad. The findings are as follows: 1) On the whole, the research on ecosystem resilience at home and abroad is on the rise in quantity, and the documents are mainly from the United States. The journals published in the field of ecosystem resilience research at home and abroad tend to focus on ecology and resources. Research institutions include comprehensive colleges, and the universities of mining, teacher education, academy of sciences, and some administrative institutions. 2) At the international level, the focus is different at different stages. Judging from the emergent words, the early stage focuses on biodiversity protection and ecosystem stability. After 2010, more attention is paid to the research of practical policies on the resilience of specific ecosystems. According to the results of citation analysis, resilience is researched from theoretical discussion to specific case modeling, and the research object extends from marine ecosystem to forest ecosystem. The results of co-occurrence analysis and cluster analysis of key words show that the research topics of international resilience focus on biodiversity, basic theory, policy management and the stability of marine ecosystem (especially coral reef). 3) Compared with other countries, China's resilience research starts late, and the research direction of ecosystem resilience in China mainly includes three aspects: land reclamation, land investigation and monitoring means, and research on influencing factors. In recent years, social ecosystem resilience, and sustainability and stability of ecosystem have become research hotspots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage damage is very common in exercise and is mainly caused by chronic joint stress or acute traumatic sprain, which often leads to progressive damage of joint function and limits the participation of related exercise and exercise. The existing articular cartilage repair technique can repair articular cartilage damage caused by high impact exercise, but this treatment cannot produce normal articular cartilage, which limits the success rate and durability of cartilage repair.OBJECTIVE: To review the problems and potential treatment progress in the treatment of sports cartilage injury at home and abroad in recent years.METHODS: CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were retrieved using the keywords of "cartilage,exercise, review, back pain, treat" in Chinese and English, respectively, focusing on the selection of literature published in the past 5 years. A total of 627 articles were searched, and 44 eligible articles were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The goal of treating sports articular cartilage injury is to alleviate pain, improve knee function, and most importantly, to restore athletes to the level of exercise before injury.(2) At present, some surgical techniques have been implemented to achieve variable and durable articular cartilage repair, allowing athletes to return to sports and exercise. However, surgery does not produce completely normal hyaline cartilage.(3) It has been found that cartilage progenitor cells exist in articular cartilage, and have migration behavior, multi-differentiation ability and colony formation ability. Because mechanical injuries with different characteristics and intensities simulate cartilage progenitor cells, so apoptotic cells release inducers, thus differentiating into chondroblasts to repair injured cartilage.(4)Thereafter, bioprinting of specific osteochondral structures rich in cartilage progenitor cells to replace damaged joints remains a potential strategy in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]