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Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） is currently one of the important technical means for the detection of plant hormones such as abscisic acid（ABA）and indole-3-acetic acid. In order to consolidate students'grasp of the basic concepts and principles of LC-MS, improve their practical abilities and cultivate their experimental literacy, this paper provides 5 basic teaching experiments, ranging from easy to difficult, to address the main problems in current domestic LC-MS experimental teaching. These experiments can help students understand the basic process of LC-MS sample pretreatment, recognize the complexity of real samples and the bottleneck issues in the determination of trace plant hormones and learn preliminarily the method for the calculation of ABA content in real samples. After consecutive practice for three semesters in the Instrument Analysis course for the first year graduate students, these five teaching experiments have shown their teaching efficiency to cultivate the ability for students to use modern large-scale analytical instruments and to enhance their interest to learn instrument analysis technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science / Nongyaoxue Xuebao is the property of Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Experimental Technology & Management is the property of Experimental Technology & Management Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] The paper aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of 5 °C low temperature treatment on seed germination of celery and its regulatory mechanism. [Methods] The seeds of Shanghai yellow heart' were treated at 5 and 20 °C to explore the germination, gibberellin(GA) and abscisic acid(ABA) contents, the dynamic changes of key genes expression in metabolic pathways, and the dynamic changes of starch and soluble sugar contents. [Results]5 °C low temperature treatment significantly inhibited the seed germination rate, seedling emergence rate, relative water absorption and embryo growth of celery, while 20 °C treatment could rapidly promote the seed germination. And after the seeds treated at 5 °C for 15 days were transferred to 20 °C (T5-20 treatment), the seeds could quickly recover their germination vitality, which indicated that 5 °C low temperature did not cause irreversible damage to the seeds. The results of seed vitality staining also indicated that low temperature did not cause damage to the embryo structure. Low temperature at 5 °C also markedly inhibited the synthesis of GA during germination, and the expression of related metabolism and downstream genes was also markedly inhibited, while 20°C treatment significantly promoted the synthesis of GA, and the high expression of GA3ox1 gene in seeds treated at 20 °C and T5-20 meant that it might play a key role in the synthesis of GA. ABA content showed a dynamic change in 5 °C treatment, but GA/ABA showed a downward trend in adults. The expression of the ABA degrading gene CYP707A1 had a significant negative correlation with ABA content in the middle and late stages of seed germination 5 °C treatment. In addition, 5 °C also significantly inhibited the sugar metabolism capacity of celery seeds. The starch content of celery seeds treated at 5 °C was significantly higher than that treated at 20 °C, but the soluble sugar content was significantly lower than that treated at 20 °C. [Conclusions] Low temperature at 5 °C induced secondary dormancy of celery seeds. GA/ABA might be an with low temperature. in important signal of celery seeds' response to ambient temperature, and GA3ox1 and CYP707A1 were potential key genes to cope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】The present paper investigated the effects of ABA on the fruit quality of cucumber to offer operation instruction and theoretical basis in the fruit improvement via exogenous ABA.【Method】Huabei cucumber variety ‘Chuancui No.13’ was used as materials and the method of foliar spraying was used. The effects of spraying different concentration of ABA（0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μmol/L） on the soluble sugar, ascorbic acid and flavor substance trans-2,cis-6-Nonadienal of the cucumber fruit were studied.【Result】Foliar spraying 50-200 μmol/L ABA promoted the accumulation of soluble sugar and ascorbic acid content, but decreased the content of flavor substance. Foliar spraying 400 μmol/L ABA decreased the ascorbic acid content significantly. To further analyze mechanism of ABA influencing the quality of cucumber, RNA-seq was performed to analyze the cucumber fruit. A total of 169 differentially expression genes（DEGs, 94 genes were up-regulated, and 75 genes were down-regulated） were found after the foliar ABA application in the cucumber fruit compared to the control.Gene ontology（GO） enrichment showed that multiple DEGs were involved in transcription regulation and regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process.KEGG pathway enrichment showed that most DEGs participated in biosynthesis and hormone signaling pathway, suggesting that exogenous ABA affected cucumber fruit quality via macromolecule biosynthesis and hormone signaling pathway. In addition, expression level of 44 transcription factors was influenced by exogenous ABA application, including TFs from families of bHLH, bZIP, FAR1, MYB and NAC.【Conclusion】The research investigated effect of foliar spraying ABA on quality and transcriptome profiling changes of cucumber fruit and proposed that exogenous ABA affected genes expression at transcription levels to positively regulate soluble sugar and ascorbic acid content and negatively regulate accumulation of flavor substance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to study the effects of exogenous GA3 and IAA on tobacco growth regulation and chemical composition, the mechanism of exogenous hormones and the optimal hormone concentration were explored based on hormone and gene levels-explore. Taking the flue, cured tobacco variety NC71 as the experimental material, this paper set different concentration treatments of exogenous hormones to detect the changes of plant height, dry matter accumulation, hormone content, related gene expression and tobacco leaf quality. The results showed that exogenous GA3 could significantly increase the plant height and pitch of flue, cured tobacco, while the relative increase of exogenous IAA was less, and the dry matter quality of tobacco plants increased with the increase of GA3 concentration. Spraying different concentrations of exogenous GA3 and IAA increased the content of GA3 and IAA in shoot tip and reduced the content of ABA and the effect of 150 mg/ L was the most obvious, the exogenous GA3 of 100 mg/ L and the exogenous IAA of 10 mg/ L were the second exogenous. GA3 significantly reduced the expression of GAI1 gene in tobacco, and IAA also reduced the relative expression of GAI gene, but the effect was relatively weak. The content of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium in tobacco leaves sprayed with exogenous hormones increased, while the contents of total nitrogen, nicotine and chlorine decreased, and potassium in the condition of 100 mg/ L exogenous GA3 combined with IAA. The ratio of chlorine to sugar and alkali was the highest, and the quality was better, so 100 mg/ L exogenous GA3 and 10 mg/ L exogenous IAA were sprayed 15 d after transplanting according to the principle of lessness. These results provided a basis for the application of exogenous growth regulators to flue, cured tobacco in the central part of Henan province tobacco area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[ Objective ] The study aimed to explore the corresponding mechanism of exogenous selenium on transcriptome and the excavation of related functional genes in ice plant. [ Method ] The transcriptome database of ice plant was constructed by using high-throughput sequencing. [ Result ] Apart from brassinosteroid, other 7 pathways of hormone signal transduction in ice plants were significantly affected by selenium treatment.. With the deepening of selenium treatment, auxin signal transduction was promoted, and downstream gene expression was activated; In the cytokinin signal transduction pathway, AHP was sensitive to selenium treatment, A-ARR was significantly up-regulated by selenium treatment, but wasn't sensitive to the change of selenium concentration; With the concentration of selenium treatment increased, the downstream TF of gibberellin signal transduction was activated, which promoted the growth of the stem and leaf of ice plant; In the signal transduction pathway of abscisic acid, selenium treatment (10 mmol/L) reduced the expression of SnRK2 significantly, which inhibited the stomatal closure and led to the dehydration of ice plant ; Selenium treatment ( 100 mmol/L) significantly restored the expression of SnRK2 ; In the ethylene signal transduction pathway, with the increase of selenium concentration, the expression of ETR and ERFl/2 decreased and the maturity and senescence of ice plant were further inhibited; In jasmonic acid signal transduction pathway, selenium treatment ( 10 mmol/L) promoted the up-regulation of ]AZ and MYC2 expression and regulated the stress of selenium on ice plant; Selenium treatment ( 100 mmol/L) had no significant effecton JAZ and MYC2 expression, indicating that high concentration selenium treatment had no significant effect on jasmonic acid signal transduction pathway; In the signal transduction pathway of salicylic acid, TGA and PR-1 had no up-down-regulated exlpression under the condition of selenium treatment ( 10 mmol/L), TGA down-regulated expression and PR-1 up-regulated expression under the condition of selenium treatment ( 100 mmol/L), which activated the selenium response ability of ice plant. The relative expression of? DEGs was consistent with the trend of transcriptome analysis by real-time quantitative PCR. [ Conclusion ] This paper aimed to establish an important basis for the key gene mining and genetic breeding of ice plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This paper aimed to study the resistance of BcCPR1 gene to Botrytis cinerea and its expression under Hyaloperonospora parasitica and abiotic stresses. [Methods] The CDS sequence of BcCPR1 gene was cloned by homologous cloning method using non-heading Chinese cabbage as the material. Homology analysis was conducted using MEGA 7 software. By the Agrobacterium-mediated method, the sub-cellular localization was researched in tobacco leaves and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana was acquired. The expression level of BcCPR1 was analyzed under biotic and abiotic stress treatments using RT-qPCR. [Results]BcCPR1 gene contained a 1 221 bp open reading frame(ORF), encoding 406 amino acids. Based on the close relationship, the homology between Brassica oleracea var. oleracea and B. rapa was up to 97.54% and 92.66%, respectively. Subcellular localization result showed that the localization of BcCPR1 was on the cell membrane. BcCPR1 gene responded to the treatments of H. parasitica, abscisic acid(ABA), methyl jasmonate(MeJA), salicylic acid(SA)and salt stress, and there was a time difference in expression. BcCPR1-overexpressed plants of A. thaliana were more resistant than wild-type plants, while the expression of the jasmonate(JA)pathway marker gene PDF1.2 increased. [Conclusions] BcCPR1 protein was localized in the cell membrane, regulated the resistance to B. cinerea through JA pathways in overexpression plant of A. thaliana, and responded to H. parasitica and abiotic stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] The paper aimed to explore the difference of endogenous hormone content and expression difference of signal transduction genes between the calyx-persistence fruit(CPF) and calyx-shedding fruit(CSF) in ‘Dangshansuli’ pear. [Methods] ‘Dangshansuli’ pear was used as experimental material, and 400 mg·L-1 GA3 and 200 mg·L-1PP333 solution was sprayed at full bloom stage, respectively. The CPF and CSF under natural conditions, treated with GA3 and PP333 were respectively taken at 10 days after full bloom to determine the auxin(IAA),zeatin(ZR),GA3 and abscisic acid(ABA) contents. Furthermore, related signaling genes of those endogenous hormones were identified by referring to pear genome database in NCBI. What’s more, RT-qPCR was used to analyze their relative expression in CPF and CSF. [Results] IAA and GA3 contents in the CPF were significantly higher than those in the CSF while ZR and ABA contents showed no marked differences. High IAA contents in the CPF notably prompted the expression of membrane transporter gene pbAUX1 and nuclear receptor protein gene pbTIR1,significantly decreased the expression level of the auxin inhibitor genes pbAUX/IAA1,pbAUX/IAA2,and significantly increased the expression level of auxin response factor genes pbARF1 and pbARF2,which then activated the expression of the primary response gene pbGH3.6 and pbSAUR32,thus regulating the development of CPF. The expression levels of membrane transporter gene pbCRE1/2/3/4 and intranuclear reaction regulator pbARR1/11 in the CPF was significantly higher than those in the CSF. The expression level of receptor protein gene pbGID1 was also significantly higher than that in the CSF, and the expression of ubiquitinase protein gene pbGID2 and transcription factor pbTF5 were induced in the CPF, which were involved in the regulation of the CPF development. Similarly, the expression levels of ABA signaling genes pbPP2C-2,pbPP2C-50,pbSnRK2-2 and pbABF-5-5 remarkably increased in CPF. [Conclusions] Therefore, the calyx persistence of ‘Dangshansuli’ pear were closely modulated by IAA,GA contents and the related signaling genes expression. Moreover, high concentration of IAA in young fruit was favorable for it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】This paper aimed to isolate and conduct bioinformatics analysis of the sucrose: sucrose-1-fructosyltransferase(1-SST) gene from Jerusalem artichoke. 【Method】 The Jerusalem artichoke 1-SST by Tail-PCR was isolated. A sequence of 1816 bp upstream of the gene start codon(SSTP). Bioinformatics analysis of SSTP sequences was performed by PLANTCARE. 【Result】 A total of 140 cis-acting elements were detected in the SSTP sequence. In addition to the 44 TATA-box and 31 CAAT-box elements of the promoter, there were 65 cis-independent expressions of 1-SST gene expression. Acting element of the 65 cis-acting elements, 23 cis-acting elements were capable of predicting their function. There were 13 light-regulating, two components of abscisic acid, anaerobic process and low temperature stress, and one component of salicylic acid, stress resistance, meristem expression and endosperm expression. The identification of these cis-acting elements provided a theoretical basis for 1-FFT participation in the corresponding biological processes. The CaMV 35 S promoter of pCAMBIA1301 vector was replaced with the sequence of SSTP, 1/2 SSTP and 1/4 SSTP, respectively, and transiently expressed in tobacco leaves. After GUS staining, SSTP, 1/2 SSTP and 1/4 SSTP were all driven to drive GUS. Promoter activity of gene expression, and activity is comparable to CaMV35 S. 【Conclusion】 It is preliminarily estimated that the promoter core region of 1-SST gene is within 400 bp upstream of the start codon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This paper aimed to study the effects of germination temperature on potato production and tuberization. [Method] At Jintang county of Sichuan, three germination temperature levels such as 1.5, 10-15 (room temperature) and 20°C, were used in this experiment before sowing. [Result] With the increasing of germination temperature, the germination speed of seed potato increased. At the end of germination, the bud diameter, bud length and bud number of treatment room temperature and 20°C were significantly higher than that of treatment 1.5°C,. During the sprouting period of seed tuber, ABA content was a decreasing trend, and the descending speed was faster with the increasing of germination temperature, but the content of IAA, CTK and GA increased totally during the sprouting period of seed tuber. After seedling, the higher germination temperature was, the more stem number was, and the lower stem diameter. At the early growth stage, the plant height increased with the increasing of germination temperature while at the later growth stage, the plant height was opposite. Compared with treatment 1.5°C , the fresh yield of treatment of room temperature and 20°C, was increased by 15. 3 % and 15. 6 % while the tu-ber number per plant of that was increased bv 18. 8 % and 23. 9 % , respectively. At the same lime, I lie proportion of tuber that≥90 g decreased, and the proportion of 30 -60 g tuber increased, but there was no significant effect on commodity potato rate. [Conclusion] Properly increasing the germination temperature of purple potato before sowing would improve the population number, increase tuber number and yield, and change the tuber size distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seed development is a complex biological process that is controlled by various genetic and external factors, and significantly affects the seed vigor, yield and quality of crops, especially cereal plant crops. Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the most important phytohormones that regulate seed development and germination, and plays a key role in regulation of seed development through its activity level, signaling, and LAFL network, including embryogenesis and maturation process. In recent years, important progresses have been acquired in the research of seed development regulated by ABA. In the present paper, we have mainly reviewed the research achievements in this field, including the regulation of ABA metabolism and signaling on seed development, the action between ABA and transcription factors of seed maturation (AFL-B3, FUS3, ABI3, LEC2, etc.), and the action mechanism of ABA in seed development. In addition, we also propose some scientific questions that need to be further investigated in this field to provide some information for deeply understanding the molecular mechanism of seed development, so as to improve seed vigor and increasing yield and quality.

Copyright of Acta Agronomica Sinica is the property of Crop Science Society of China and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Rice is the most important food crop in China. Rice seed vigor is a complex quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes and it is of great significance to improve rice seed vigor for high yield, quality and efficiency of production under direct seedling rice. This paper reviewed the main research advances including evaluation index, gene identification and cloning, molecular regulation mechanism relate to rice seed vigor in recent years. Based on the molecular markers and map-based cloning, genome-wide association study(GWAS), high throughput sequencing, and omics techonology, more than twenty-three key genes related to seed vigor have been cloned, including transcription factor genes, metabolism-related genes of plant hormone ABA and GA. Through the balance of ABA and GA metabolism, it regulates maturing of embryos, seed dormancy and germination, seedling growth. It will be very helpful to improve genetics of rice seed vigor by molecular design breeding technology in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)