Search

Objective: This study aimed to improve the tenderness and flavor content of Yanbian cattle beef. Methods: Rump beef of Yanbian cattle were dry-aged by using three different methods, i.e., Method A: RH（65±5）% aging for 10 days, RH（75±5）% aging for 10 days, and then RH （85±5）% aging for 20 days; Method B: RH（75±5）% aging for 20 days and then RH（85±5）% aging for 20 days; Method C: RH（85±5）% aging for 40 days. The quality changes caused by the different aging processes were then analyzed and compared. Results: The cooking loss of the beef processed by all the three methods increased significantly with the extension of aging time, but the beef loss (39.14%) in Group A was the highest. The TBARS and TVB-N values of group C were 1.387 and 14.833, respectively, significantly higher than those of the other two groups. The fat and protein contents of each group showed an increasing trend, while the shear force value decreased by 50%. No significant difference in the changes of cooking loss rate, color and pH value were found among the groups. The results showed that with dry-aging, the richness of taste attributes was elevated with higher freshness and aftertaste. The bitterness in group B was lower, and the relative content of aldehydes and ketones among volatile flavor compounds was higher. Conclusion: Method B was the best dry-aging process for Yanbian cattle rump beef.

Summarizes Weissiella spp. including the isolation and identification, biological properties, acid tolerance, bacterial inhibition, extracellular polysaccharide production, probiotic properties, histological studies, and food and pharmaceutical applications, and provides suggestions for the development and utilization of Weissiella spp.

According to the United Nations trade policy review documents, notifications, comments, special trade concerns and official authoritative research reports, the Bangladesh agricultural food product quality and safety regulatory bodies, laws and regulations, standard system, and other aspects were reviewed. It was suggested that Chinese export enterprises take advantage of local agricultural food products to actively explore the import and export trade market between China and Bangladesh. Moreover, Chinese regulators should be followed Bangladesh agricultural food products regulatory system changes, to further strengthen the assistance of agricultural and food product safety system in Bangladesh. Functional advantages can better promote bilateral trade between the two countries.

With the enrichment of data sources,data can be obtained easily but with low quality,resulting that the MVs are ubi-quitous and hard to avoid.Consequently,MV imputation has become one of the classical problems in the field of data quality mana-gement.However,most existing MV imputation approaches are proposed for static data,which cannot handle dynamic data streams arriving at high-speed.Moreover,they do not consider data sparsity and heterogeneity simultaneously.Therefore,a novel MV imputation approach,real-time imputation based on individual models (RIIM) is proposed.In RIIM,the MVs are effectively filled by combining the basic ideas of neighbors-based imputation and regression-based imputation with consideration of sparsity and heterogeneity of data.For the dynamic and real time of data streams,the MV imputation model is updated incrementally.Moreover,an adaptive and periodic updating strategy for optimal neighbors search is proposed to solve the problem of high time cost and hard to determine the number of neighbors.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed RIIM is evaluated based on extensive experiments over real-world datasets.

Existing knowledge graph completion models learn a single static feature representation for entities and relationships by integrating multi-source information.But they can't represent the subtle meaning and dynamic attributes of entities and relationships that appear in different contexts.That is,entities and relationships will show different attributes,because they have different roles and meanings when they are involved in different triples.To solve above problems,an adaptive attention network for knowledge graph completion is proposed,which uses adaptive attention to model the contribution of each task-specified feature dimension,and generates dynamic and variable embedding representations for target entities and relationships.Specifically,the proposed model defines the neighbor encoder and the path aggregator to process two structures in the entity neighborhood subgraph,adaptively learn the attention weights to capture the most logically related features of the task,and to give the entities and relationships with fine-grained semantics in line with the current task.Experimental results in link prediction task show that,the MeanRank of the proposed model on FB15K-237 dataset is 6.9% lower than PathCon,and Hits@1 is 2.3% higher than PathCon.For the sparse datasets NELL-995 and DDB14,its Hits@1 reaches 87.9% and 98% respectively.Therefore,it proves that the introduction of adaptive attention mechanism can effectively extract the dynamic attributes of entities and relationships to generate a more comprehensive embedding representation,and improves the accuracy of knowledge graph completion.

The polarization moments of S-band dual-polarimetric radar are mainly affected by ground clutter jamming and non-uniform filling (hereinafter called NBF), which cause the application errors for quantitative precipitation estimation. In this paper, an adaptive calculation algorithm is proposed to calculate the specific differential phase. The specific calculation steps are as follows. After the differential phase is unfolded, a preliminary recognition of the meteorological and non-meteorological echo is made using the signal-to-noise ratio or correlation coefficient to distinguish whether NBF is radial or not. The correction of correlation coefficient is then adopted for the NBF radial. Then the Order (9) or Order (25) filtering window is used to smooth the differential phase and interpolate the non-meteorological block. Based on the reflectivity and the corrected correlation coefficient, the specific differential phase is finally calculated by the 9-point or 25-point least square method (LS). The results show that the differential phase fold affects the quality of differential phase data as well as the following calculation. The proposed method can distinguish meteorological and non-meteorological echoes effectively. The correction of NBF radial correlation coefficient can improve the underestimation of correlation coefficient. The combination of Order (9) and Order(25) filter windows can preserve the original trend as well as smoothing the differential phase curve. And the application of 9 points and 25 points LS method promotes the calculated differential phase closely toward real values.

The calcium carbide slag and boron mud were used as raw materials to react with acetic acid to prepare acetate snow melting agent. The microstructure of the snow-melting agent was analyzed by XRD, TG and other methods. The pH, dissolution rate and relative snow-melting ability of the prepared snow-melting agent were tested to evaluate the snow-melting performance of the snow-melting agent. The results show that the acetate phase is mainly calcium acetate when calcium carbide slag is used as the raw material. The product is mixed acetate of calcium acetate and magnesium acetate after adding boron mud. The extraction rate decreased significantly, and the snow melting performance of the acetate product also decreased. When the calcium carbide slagu boron mud is 8u 2,the acetate snow melting agent prepared has high output efficiency, and the three technical indicators of disolution rate, pH and relative snow melting and ice melting ability conform to GB/T 23851-2017 Snow Melting Agents standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment studied the screening of α -galactosidase producing strain of Aspergillus niger variants and optimization of fermentation conditions. After UV mutagenesis and subculture of Aspergillus niger strain MX-H, a strain MX-H1 with stable α-galactosidase production was obtained, and its medium for enzyme production was optimized. The 18S rDNA identification showed that strain MX-H1 was identified as Aspergillus niger. The results showed that the optimal conditions were carbon source 15 g/L sucrose, nitrogen source 10 g/L beef extract, the production inducer 0.5 g/L raffinose, the initial pH 6.0, the culture temperature 30 °C, the sample size 30 mL/250 mL and the shaking table 180 r/min for 96 h. Under the optimal conditions, the activity of α-galactosidase was 4.95 U/mL. The experiment provides a reference for industrial production of α-galactosidase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Although the early behavioral symptoms of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) are prominent, early diagnosis for bvFTD is difficult due to confusion with other mental disorders, and lack of sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic criteria, etc. In this paper, we summarized the important reviews in recent years and analyzed the clinical characteristics of bvFTD patients to improve the detection of early symptoms in bvFTD. Methods Twenty-three possible or probable bvFTD patients were diagnosed according to International Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia Criteria Consortium (FTDC). Self-designed questionnaires designed by Shanghai Mental Health Center were used to collect sociodemographic data and general information of patients. Their clinical characteristics were summarized, including abnormal behaviors, cognitive impairment, psychotic symptoms and other symptoms. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) were used to make neuropsychological tests and compare with similar overseas studies (control group, N = 66). Results Eleven male patients and 12 female patients were included in our study. Compared with control group, the average age of onset [(50.83 ± 11.55) years vs. (57.00 ± 10.00) years; t = 3.863, P = 0.000] and average age of diagnosis [(53.22 ± 11.55) years vs. (61.00 ± 9.00) years; t = 13.423, P = 0.000] of bvFTD patients were smaller. The study showed that bvFTD patients had more apathy or indolence [95.65% (22/23) vs. 65.15% (43/66); χ²=8.057, P = 0.005], loss of sympathy or empathy [95.65% (22/23) vs. 33.33% (22/66); χ²=26.499, P = 0.000], while patients in control group showed more derepression behavior [98.48% (65/66) vs. 52.17% (12/23); χ=27.514, P = 0.000] and continuous, stiff, obsessive and/or ritualized behavior [95.45% (63/66) vs. 30.43% (7/23); adjusted χ²=39.159, P = 0.000]. For cognitive impairment, bvFTD patients presented apraxia [69.56% (16/23) vs. 22.73% (15/66); χ²= 16.484, P = 0.000] and executive dysfunction [82.61% (19/23) vs. 59.09% (39/66); χ²=4.156, P = 0.041]. In psychotic symptoms, patients in control group showed hallucination and delusion [33.33% (22/66) vs. 4.35% (1/23); χ²=7.477, P = 0.006]. Conclusions While the behavioral symptoms of bvFTD patients are varied, memory disorder can be one of the primal symptoms. Compared with similar foreign studies, the different composition of behavior symptoms of our bvFTD patients may be caused by cultural differences among evaluators in the understanding of some clinical symptoms in patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a lot of dynamic knowledge in real world, the traditional semantic Web ontology and context-aware system were not suitable to deal with the dynamic knowledge. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a pragmatic Web driven context-aware system by virtue of the advantage of pragmatic Web in expressing dynamic knowledge, and designed its framework. This system employed an efficient context capturing technique to improve the accuracy of captured context information, and deduced the high-level context with decision capability by reasoning. Finally, achieving user-centric personalizes recommendation service by a method of agent based context-aware service discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the volume of ontology's Abox in semantic Web of things is always too large, which is not easy for users to understand or reason about ontology. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a method based on equivalence relation. Summary ontology's Abox through searching, mapping and deleting the equivalence individuals. It designed and implemented a prototype system of ontology Abox's summarization. Some experimental examples of public ontologies prove that on the premise of reserving the original semantics, this method can streamline the redundant assertions of ontology's Abox, decrease ontology's volume, reduce storage pressure, so that it can be more convenient for ontology understanding, reusing and other ontology-related operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the mine ventilation system becoming more and more complex,the traditional calculation methods have difficulty in meeting the requirements of network solution. It's of significance to develop a quick algorithm for calculating complex wind network. The theory of network solution of circuit air-quantity method was systematically and thoroughly studied. Also, the limitation of the existing ventilation network solution was analyzed. An improved network solution based on Scott-Hinsley method was put forward. With a high convergence rate,this algorithm can solve the problems of ventilation network including unidirectional circuit and the network solution problems of complex ventilation system. BFS method was used to improve the structure of the spanning tree,and the divided circuit was faster by using Double-Access method. Achieving the fixed half cut set of air distribution in ventilation network,the algorithm can automatically distribute air according to demands. The failure cause of circuit air-quantity network solution with the unidirectional circuits was analyzed. The algorithm proposed can solve the problems of ventilation network including unidirectional circuit by modifying its search strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phoneme segmentation is often necessary in research of Tibetan TTS or phonetics. Artificial segmentation is a hard job and time-consuming. The acoustic model of Tibetan language is not precise or robust enough because of resource-deficiency. Therefore, it is not precise enough when the method of auto-segmentation is adopted. Lhasa dialect of Tibetan is chosen as the study object. Phone set and dictionary of Tibetan are established. Common phones are obtained on the basis of distance between phone models. GMM-HMM models of English and Lhasa Tibetan are fused. Silences and short pauses are autojudged. Words network is established and then expanded to be a models (or monophones) network. All frames of parameters are segmented and aligned to sates of models by using Viterbi algorithm. Experiments demonstrate that phones are segmented and the result is better than the method of using pure Tibetan models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to autonomy and heterogeneity data sources， uncertainty is an inherent character of schema matching. In order to improve the performance of schema matching， an uncertainty matching approach based on evidence theory is proposed. Firstly， the schema space is divided into several schema subspaces according to attributes types. Secondly，different matchers are viewed as different sources of evidence， and mass distributions are defined on the basss of the match results from these matchers. Thirdly， an improved evidence theory is used to automaically combine muhiple matchers， whcch reduces human involvement and solves the situations wtth high conflict resutts from different matchers. Finally the mapping is generated by the improved Kuhn-Munkres algorithm. The experiments show that the proposed method is highly accurate and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Probability distribution of monophones and triphones in Lhasa Tibetan are calculated and the necessity of establishinga contextuai acoustic modei in AST for Lhasa Tibetan is analyzed. Phoneme is chosen as basic unit for acoustic models. According to the characteristics of Tibetan, a pronunciation dictionary based on single syllable is established. Main issues and algorithms for triphone models based on decision tree are discussed. According to IPAs and characteristics of Lhasa dialect, 38 phoneme sub-sets and question sets for triphone modeling are established. 8170 sentences of 20 speakers are recorded to train the models. Contextual continuous Hidden Markov Models/HMM) based on triphones are es-tablished and trained on HTK platform. The recognition results under different sates number and mixtures are analyzed. And the framework for large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition of Lhasa Dialect is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate pathway and possible removal mechanisms of 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in eco-pond systems (algae ponds and duckweed ponds) for wastewater treatment, all of the laboratory scale batch tests, dynamic sorption tests and continuous flow tests were conducted to study the effect of sorption and biodegradation on EE2 removal. EE2 concentrations were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The 6-day batch tests showed that the introduction of duckweed and algae into wastewater could enhance EE2 removal rate. In the 180-min dynamic sorption tests, about 25% and 80% of EE2 were sorbed by algae and duckweed respectively, which means occurrence of the swift sorption, while the mass balances indicated that only about 6% of the estrogens were bound to the biomass of algae or duckweed at the end of the 6-day tests, implying that EE2 was rapidly removed by sorption at the initial stage, while the sorbed EE2 was subsequently eliminated by biodegradation. Results of continuous flow tests revealed that even at ng/L level, EE2 couht also be removed in algae and duckweed pond systems. Sorption and biodegradation are the main removal mechanisms of EE2 in eco-pond systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mandibular incisors are the smallest human permanent teeth with complex root canals. Double root canal, lateral branch of root canal, apical ramification or apical furcation usually happen, which make the clinical therapy more difficult. In this paper, a case of mandibular incisors with double root canals was reported, the root canal type and its incidence were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which aims to investigate the effects of tyrosine on the performance and melanin contents of Taihe silky fowl tissues. Taihe silky fowls ages from 5-12 weeks were fed diets with various tyrosine levels. Results indicated that there is a decrease in the average daily gain with increased dietary tyrosine levels.

To solve the drawback that typical mutual information-based registration neglects the spatial information of images, a new medical image registration method is developed by combining mutual information with gradient similarity. The gradient similarity of each pair of corresponding points includes direction similarity and module similarity. The summation of the similarity term for all sample pairs gives the gradient similarity of two registration images, which is multiplied by the mutual information to form the final registration metric. Registration functions are analyzed and compared, applying in different transform such as translation, rotation and sub-sampling of 2D multi-modal images, respectively. Experimental results show that the new method performs better than typical mutual information in robustness and precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of modified Qingjin Huatan Decoction in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly, and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical application of this prescription. Randomized controlled trials of Qingjin Huatan Decoction in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly were collected by searching PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, China Biomedical Literature database, VIP database and WanFang database. Outcome indicators included clinical effective rate, inflammation index, symptom improvement time, chest radiograph improvement time, hospitalization time and adverse reactions. RevMan 5.3 and Stata/IC 15.1 software were used for Meta-analysis; TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta software was used for trial sequential analysis, and GRADE profiler 3.6 was used for grade evidence quality evaluation. Thirteen studies were included finally, including 1 058 patients, 536 patients in the experimental group and 522 patients in the control group.Meta-analysis showed that, the clinical effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(RR=1.16, 95%CI[1.10, 1.21], P<0.000 01); fever time(MD=-1.32, 95%CI[-1.93,-0.71], P<0.000 1), cough time(MD=-1.95, 95%CI[-2.69,-1.21), P<0.000 01), time to rale disappearance(MD=-1.55, 95%CI[-2.37,-0.73], P=0.000 2), time to chest radiograph improvement(MD=-1.72, 95%CI[-2.98,-0.46], P=0.007), and hospitalization time(MD=-3.16, 95%CI[-4.58,-1.74], P<0.000 01) in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the control group. The improvement in CRP(WMD=-3.44,95%CI[-4.50,-2.38],P<0.001), WBC(WMD=-2.04,95%CI[-3.31,-0.78],P<0.01), IL-6(WMD=-4.27,95%CI[-4.62,-3.92],P<0.001), and TNF-α(WMD=-0.47,95%CI[-0.55,-0.39], P<0.001) of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in PCT improvement between the two groups(WMD=-0.63, 95%CI[-1.65, 0.40], P=0.23). No serious adverse reactions occurred in both groups. Sequential analysis of the trial showed that in the studies with cumulative inclusion of clinical effective rate, the data passed the traditional threshold and TSA threshold, further confirming its clinical efficacy. GRADE evaluation showed that the evidence level was low to extremely low. Western medicine treatment combined with Qingjin Huatan Decoction may improve clinical efficiency in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly, improve clinical symptoms faster, reduce CRP, WBC and other inflammatory indicators, and shorten hospital stay. The level of evidence obtained in this study is low, which needs to be further verified by high-quality multi-center, randomized controlled trials.

Ziziphora bungeana is a kind of medicinal plants belongs to Labiatae,and it also a kind of geoherbs in Xinjiang. The main active ingredient linarin has a higher content in inflorescence than in other parts. In this study,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to reveal the transcriptome of the inflorescence of Z. bungeana,77 366 unigenes were acquired,of which 56 375 unigenes were annotated based on search of the database and classification. Through the analysis of metabolic pathways,sixty unigenes were probably encoding some enzymes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. The contents of linarin in different parts were determined and the key genes were verified by qRT-PCR. The discovery provides the research basis for further analysis of the enzyme genes involved in the biosynthesis of the major flavonoid components in Z. bungeana.

Creating new germplasms and breeding new cultivars in peanut by radiation mutagenesis and tissue culture were conducted in this study, aiming to develop new breeding method of peanut. Mature seeds from Luhua 11, the most commonly grown peanut cultivar in Northern China, were treated by fast neutron irradiation. Then the embryo leaflets were separated from the irradiated seeds and inoculated on the media, and the regenerated seedlings were obtained through somatic embryogenesis pathway. The regenerated seedlings were grafted, acclimated and then transplanted into field and the selfed pods were harvested from 83 regenerated plants. The progenies were selected by the pedigree method, and 107 mutants were obtained from the progenies of the 83 regenerated plants. Different mutants showed obvious variation in many agronomic traits, including main stem height, branch number, pod shape and size, seed coat color, inner seed coat color, oil content and protein content etc. Yuhua 7, a new peanut variety with low oil content, early maturity and waterlogging tolerance was obtained. The yield of Yuhua 7 was over 14% higher than that of the mutagenic parent Luhua 11, and the oil content of kernels was 47.0%, lower than that of parent Luhua 11 with 52.1% oil content. Yuhua 7 had passed peanut variety regional multi-location trials in Liaoning Province in 2016 and its average yield was 13.8% higher than that of the control variety Baisha 1017. It had also passed national peanut variety registration, and the registration ID is "GPD peanut (2018) 370105". The results show that irradiation mutagenesis combined with tissue culture is an effective method for creating new germplasm and breeding new varieties of peanut.

The relevant literature of pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH) and the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment of EH was retrieved from January 1, 1999 to February 28, 2018 in the CNKI and PubMed databases, and aimed to summarize and explore the mechanism of antihypertensive by acupuncture.It has been found that acupuncture exerts antihypertensive effect by coordinating multi-system, multi-target, multi-layer adjustment mechanism, such as acupuncture inhibiting of central and peripheral sympathetic nerve activity, rejusting immune system and expression of inflammatory response factors, regulating the balance of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), improving vascular structure and function, the anti-oxidative stress and promoting autophagy.

Objective: To compare the results obtained from the computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) systems of the two fully-automated commercial sperm quality analyzers, Hamilton-Thorn IVOS Ⅱ (IVOS Ⅱ) and Spanish Sperm Class Analyzer (SCA)., Methods: A total of 99 semen samples were collected in the Center of Reproduction of Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital from September 2018 to October 2018 and, according to the sperm concentration, divided into groups A (<15 ×10⁶/ml), B (15－50 ×10⁶/ml) and C (>50 ×10⁶/ml). IVOS Ⅱ, SCA and manual microscopy were used for the examination of each sample, followed by comparison of the sperm concentration, sperm motility and percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS) obtained from IVOS Ⅱ and SCA., Results: The sperm concentrations derived from IVOS Ⅱ and SCA were significantly higher than that from manual microscopy in group A (［10.24 ± 4.60］ and ［10.20 ± 5.11］ vs ［8.45 ± 4.15］ ×10⁶/ml, P < 0.05), but showed no statistically significant difference in group B (［30.95 ± 11.84］ and ［31.81 ± 12.90］ vs ［29.14 ± 10.65］ ×10⁶/ml, P > 0.05) or C (［102.14 ± 45.97］ and ［109.48 ± 46.32］ vs ［104.74 ± 41.87］ ×10⁶/ml, P > 0.05). Significant differences were not observed between IVOS Ⅱ and SCA in the percentage of PMS (［24.21 ± 14.62］% vs ［23.92 ± 15.42］%, P > 0.05) or sperm motility (［37.48 ± 19.34］% vs ［37.69 ± 16.61］%, P > 0.05) in group B, nor in group C (PMS: ［30.80 ± 12.06］% vs ［32.98 ± 16.10］%, P > 0.05; sperm motility: ［44.50 ± 15.62］% vs ［47.26 ± 17.46］%, P > 0.05). Both the percentage of PMS and sperm motility obtained from IVOS Ⅱ were remarkably lower than those derived from SCA in group A (PMS: ［18.54 ± 12.96］% vs ［22.90 ± 12.88］%, P < 0.05; sperm motility: ［26.97 ± 14.05］% vs ［34.90 ± 15.18］%, P < 0.05). IVOS Ⅱ and SCA both showed a high repeatability (CV <15%), and the former exhibited an even higher one than the latter, in detection of sperm concentration, sperm motility and the percentage of PMS., Conclusions: IVOS Ⅱ and SCA both had a good consistency in the results of sperm concentration, motility and progressive motility, but showed a poor comparability with low-concentration semen samples.

Objective: To assess the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comorbidities and clinical characteristics, and to explore the inflammation mechanism., Methods: 220 stable COPD patients were included. Clinical characteristics and comorbidities were recorded, and blood samples were collected. The relationship among the number and type of comorbidities, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), clinical characteristics and the levels of plasma inflammatory markers [interleukin (IL)-6, high sensitivity C-reaction protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-8] were studied., Results: The top five comorbidities were hypertension, metabolic syndrome and diabetes osteoporosis, bronchiectasis and peripheral vascular diseases. The level of plasma IL-6 was greater in higher CCI score (≥4) group compared with lower CCI score (<4) group ( P =0.011). Levels of IL-6 and IL-8 and the number of hospitalization in prior year were positively correlated with CCI and age adjusted CCI ( r <0.03, P <0.05). There was a correlation between the COPD comorbidities and systemic inflammatory response ( r <0.3, P <0.05)., Conclusion: Patients with a higher CCI score had more severe symptoms, functional impairment and higher level of inflammatory factors and high frequency of hospital admission due to acute exacerbation. The mechanism by which COPD may play a role in systemic inflammatory response deserves further study., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

With the development and change of Uygur medicine, The sources,medicinal parts and producing area of some Uygur Medicine have changed. It is more important to master the classification, distribution and change of Uygur medicinal materials. These were more than 1 200 kinds Uygur medicine in history were resaerched by field investigation, philological research, and textual research, which main source of original plant were 140 families, 510 genera, 840 species; and source of original animal were 76 families, 107 genera, the original animal 141 species; 55 kinds of original mineral, which main producer were Xinjiang and Central Asia, West Asia, the Mediterranean, and North Africa, Southeast Asia and other provinces in China, there are individual medicinal materials from the Americas, Europe and other places. Through this study the classification, distribution, source and evolution of specific families and genera of Uygur medicine resources have mastered.It is hoped to provide theoretical basis for further research and development of Uygur medicinal materials., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses., Methods: Twenty-one patients with advanced ACC in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were treated in our department between February, 2007 and May, 2016. The clinical manifestations, T-stage, N-status, treatment, histological grade, recurrence and distant metastasis of the tumors were analyzed. Univariate survival analysis was performed with Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test, and the factors affecting the prognosis of the patients were explored using multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model., Results: Among the 21 patients, 10 (47.6%) had ACC containing less than 30% of solid tumor tissues and their overall survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 100%, 100% and 70%, respectively; in the 11 cases (52.4%) with solid tumor tissues no less than 30%, the overall survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 70%, 40% and 10%, respectively, showing significant differences between the two groups (P=0.02). The Log-rank test and survival analysis using the covariate variable model curve indicated a significant impact of the pathological classification on the patients' prognosis. The patients in T3 stage had slightly better prognosis than those in T4 stage; tumors originating from the maxillary sinus had a slightly better prognosis than those from the sphenoid sinus. Surgery combined with radiotherapy resulted in better outcomes of the patients than surgery or radiotherapy alone. Multiariable Cox regression model analysis showed that the pathological classification (P=0.045) and the disease course (P=0.028) were closely related with the prognosis of the patients., Conclusion: ACC in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses has a low incidence without specific symptoms. Its early diagnosis can be difficult, and most of the patients are in advanced stage upon diagnosis. We recommend comprehensive treatments combining surgery, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy for these patients. The pathological classification, disease course, lesion site, clinical stage, treatment approache, compromise of the peripheral nerves, status at the edge of resection, and postoperative radiotherapy dose can all be factors affecting the prognosis of patients with advanced ACC.

The embryonic leaflets of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) variety Huayu 20 were used as explants and pingyangmycin as a mutagen to induce somatic embryos. Four weeks after the inoculation, the survived explants were transferred to somatic embryo germination medium containing screening reagent hydroxyproline, and finally 15 regenerated plants were obtained. Pedigree breeding method was used during the following selection breeding, and three lines with significantly increased yield and 23 lines with high oil content were obtained from these mutant offsprings. The line with both high yield and high oil content has passed peanut variety multi-location in Anhui province and was named "Yuhua 4". Its yield was 16.63% higher than that of the control variety Baisha 1016, ranking the first in all the testing varieties. Yuhua 4 showed the characteristics of early maturity, small pod and high oil content. The oil content of kernels was 56.10%, higher than that of original parent Huayu 20 with 49.50% oil content, tested by the Ministry of Agriculture of Oil and Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Center (Wuhan), and the yield was 15% higher than that of Huayu 20. It was concluded that in vitro mutagenesis and target screening was an effective way on creating new germplasm and breeding new variety in peanut.

Objective: To investigate the expression of mRNA and protein of Calcium activated chloride channel (CLCA2) in hypoxic pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMCs) of rat and it's relationship with ERK1/2 signal pathway., Methods: PASMCs were randomly divided into 5 groups including normal group(N group), hypoxia group(H group), DMSO group(D group), U0126 group (U group) and Staurosporine aglycone group(SA group). The protein expression of CLCA2 in PASMCs was detected by Western blot.The mRNA expression of CLCA2 was detected by half quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)., Results: The mRNA and protein expressions of CLCA2 in H group were significantly higher than N group ( P <0.01). Comparing with D group,the mRNA and protein expressions of CLCA2 were significantly increased in U group ( P <0.01),the mRNA expression of CLCA2 in SA group was obviously decreased ( P <0.01) with slightly decreasing of its protein expression., Conclusions: Hypoxia promotes the expressions of mRNA and protein of CLCA2 in rat PASMCs. The ERK1/2 pathway activator Staurosporine aglycone reduces the mRNA and protein expression of CLCA2 in rats PASMCs and the ERK1/2 pathway inhibitor U0126 induces the upregulation of the mRNA and protein expressiosn of CLCA2 in rats PASMCs.

A simple, rapid and sensitive colorimetric reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) was developed for rapid detection of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). The method employed six primers that recognized sequences of a nucleocapsid gene for amplification of nucleic acids under isothermal conditions at 63 degrees C for 60 min. Products were detected through a LA-320c Loopamp Turbidimeter (real-time RT-LAMP) or visual inspection of color change by pre-addition of Hydroxynaphthol Blue dye (visual RT-LAMP). Specificity of RT-LAMP was validated by detection of several human coronaviruses and common respiratory viruses. MERS-CoV real-time RT-LAMP had a linear correlation (R2) of 0.995 at 10(3)-10(6) copies. The limit of detection of real-time RT-LAMP, visual RT-LAMP and quantitative real-time PCR was 500, 1000 and 100 copies/reaction, respectively. The established RT-LAMP assay was demonstrated to be a rapid screening tool for MERS-CoV infection, and could be suitable in resource-limited clinical sites and for field studies.

Objective: To evaluate the consciousness of health emergency and the abilities on self- and mutual medical aids among the public at the community level, as well as the community responses on health-related emergencies and other factors., Methods: Random equidistant sampling method was used to extract 617 households before choosing a family member sampled by Kish Grid method. All the members were investigated face to face on a questionnaire-"Health emergency and related ability regarding self and mutual medical aids of the residents". Data were entered into computer database by using software Epi Data 3.1 and were analyzed by SPSS 21.0., Results: Among the 617 households under survey, 47.84% of the public had general awareness on health-related emergencies. Regarding the following items as:prevention and isolation strategies of infectious disease, on safely procedures of earthquake and fires, on prevention of food poisoning, on prevention and first aid of emerging infectious diseases etc., the rates of awareness were 65.04%, 62.92%, 43.62% and 18.79% respectively. Proportions of households which had the first aid supplies were:first aid medicine box as 56.08%; fire extinguisher as 43.60%; spare water and food as 39.40%; having facilities as ropes, whistles and smoke masks for escape were all less than 15%. Rates of awareness on the following items as: correct use of gas switch as 81.52%, knowing the location of the circuit with gear and the fire hydrant as 74.39% and 35.98% , respectively. The correct disposal rates of the residents on the following items were:electric shock and falls (89.63%), patients of infectious diseases (83.31%), gas poisoning (82.98%), suspected symptoms on infectious diseases(82.66%), explosion and burns (66.78%), scald (62.72%)and sprain (57.05%). Scores on the related abilities were as follows: emergency(7.65, out of 10 points), escape(3.55, out of 5 points), self- and mutual medical aids (10.71, out of 16 points). Proportions of having learned and applied of first aid techniques among residents on the following items were:artificial breathing, chest compressions and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were all less than 10%. Level of knowing the first aid techniques was correlated with age and culture of the residents (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Both consciousness on health emergency and the abilities on self- and mutual medical aids were low among the community public, suggesting that both the government and pubic should pay more attention to the role of the abilities on self- and mutual medical aids.

Objective: To explore the protective function and mechanism of notoginsenoside Rb1 against hypoxia hypercapnia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction (HHPV)., Methods: The pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of healthy male SD rats were primarily cultured and the second to the fifth subcultured cells were incubated with 8, 40, and 100 mg/L notoginsenoside Rb1 respectively under the hypoxia-hypercapnia condition (1% O2 and 6% CO2). The cells were harvested for 24 h. The phosphated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) protein expression of the cells was detected by Western blot. The mRNA expressions of ERK1 and ERK2 were detected using half quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)., Results: The expression of p-ERK protein, the mRNA expressions of ERK1 and ERK2 were weakly positive in the control group. Their expressions in the hypoxia-hypercapnia group were obviously enhanced (P < 0.01). After intervention of Rb1 at different concentrations, their expressions were obviously lowered (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner. The optimal effects were obtained at the dose of 100 mg/L. The expression of p-ERK protein was significantly positively correlated with mRNA expressions of ERK1 and ERK2 in notoginsenoside Rbl-treated groups (r = 0.500, P < 0.01; r = 0.977, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: ERK1/2 pathway might play a role in the rat HHPV. Notoginsenoside Rb, could alleviate HHPV by inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway.

Objective: To study the effect of Notoginsenoside Rgl on p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) expression in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) cultured in hypoxia hypercapnia., Methods: SD rat PASMCs was primary cultured, the cells of passage 2- 5 were divided into six groups: normoxic group (N group), hypoxia hypercapnia group (H group), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control group (HD group), Rg1 treated group (Rg low dose, Rg middle dose and Rg high dose group). Western blot was used to detect the expression of p-p38MAPK protein, and RT-PCR to determine the expression of p38MAPK mRNA., Results: Western blot and RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of p-p38MAPK protein and p-p38MAPK mRNA were significantly higher in HD group than those in N group (P < 0.01). Whereas, in Rg1 treated groups, the level of p-p38MAPK markedly decreased (P < 0.01) in dose-dependent manner., Conclusion: Notoginsenoside Rg1 has protective effects on PASMCs under hypoxia hypercapnia condition, which may be related to inhibiting expression of p38MAPK.

A genetic map of melon was constructed using 143 F2 population developed from a cross between two distant lines Ano2 of Japan and Hami melon K413. The map contains 12 linkage groups and 142 markers, including 121 AFLPs, 16 SSRs, 3 STSs, 2 trait markers and covers 1 014.2 cM. Composite interval mapping (CIM) method was used to detect QTLs involved in melon fruit and seed traits: fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), fruit shape (length/width, FS), centre sugar (CS), edge sugar (ES), flesh texture (FT), seed length (SL), seed width (SW), seed shape (SS), and seed weight (SW). The result showed that Flesh was located between AFLP markers NDAA and NCFA on C9. A total of 25 QTLs were detected for other traits and some QTLs were co-located with each other. The QTLs Sl5.1, Sw5.1, and Swt5.1 located on linkage C5 between NCA and N73C explained a significant portion of associated phenotypic variation (R2=17%, 19%, 23%). The allele from Ano2 obviously suppressed the length, width, and weight of melon seed; the QTLs between N73A and NFDA on C8 were involved in seed width, shape, and weight; the QTL Fs8.1 on C8 was detected using both F2 and F3 fruit data and explained a significant portion of phenotypic variation 25% and 19%. Fs8.1 showed partly dominant, and the allele from Ano2 sup-pressed elongation of fruit to form round melon. The QTLs related to centre sugar, edge sugar, and fruit texture were also detected in this research.

Background: The demand for effective intervention for subhealth conditions is growing with increasing numbers of people being in a state of subhealth with a poor quality of life. Future research and evaluation of the treatment methods for subhealth conditions from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) may provide an important direction for developing effective management of these conditions., Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiaopi Yishen herbal extract granules (XPYS-HEG), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine for relieving fatigue and promoting a cheerful spirit for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-qi stagnation and spleen-qi deficiency. DESIGN, SETTING PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: A multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was undertaken. The study period was 18 weeks, including 6 weeks for intervention and 12 weeks for follow-up. Participants were recruited from medical center and outpatient clinics of three hospitals in China, i.e. Xiaotangshan Hospital of Beijing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM and the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of TCM. Two hundred participants who met the criteria of fatigue-predominant subhealth and liver-qi stagnation and spleen-qi deficiency in TCM were allocated randomly to the treatment group (XPYS, n=100) and control group (placebo, n=100)., Main Outcome Measures: The total score of Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) was used to evaluate the fatigue status of subjects and the extent of liver-qi stagnation and spleen-qi deficiency syndrome was also recorded., Results: Three cases in the XPYS group withdrew from the trial. There were 200 subjects who entered to full analysis set (FAS) analysis and 197 subjects fitted in the per-protocol set (PPS) analysis. (1) According to the score changes of FS-14, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS and placebo group were as follows: 14.0% vs 9.0% (FAS) and 14.4% vs 9.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 19.0% vs 15.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 15.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 39.0% vs 26.0% (FAS) and 39.2% vs 26.0% (PPS) for effective, and 72.0% vs 50.0% (FAS) and 73.2% vs 50.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to the placebo statistically (P<0.05). (2) According to the score changes of TCM syndrome, the effectiveness rates in the XPYS group and placebo group were as follows: 1.0% vs 0.0% (FAS) and 1.0% vs 0.0% (PPS) for complete remission, 20.0% vs 7.0% (FAS) and 19.6% vs 7.0% (PPS) for obvious effects, 29.0% vs 24.0% (FAS) and 29.9% vs 24.0% (PPS) for effective, and 50.0% vs 31.0% (FAS) and 50.5% vs 31.0% (PPS) for complete efficacy. The efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (3) The follow-up results at 12 weeks and 18 weeks showed that the efficacy of XPYS-HEG was superior to that of placebo statistically (P<0.05). (4) No adverse effects were found in the XPYS group., Conclusion: It can be concluded that XPYS-HEG is effective and safe for the treatment of people with fatigue-predominant subhealth due to liver-qi stagnation and spleen-qi deficiency.

Aim: To construct the fully humanized anti-extracellular domain (ECD) of HER2 Fab fragment phage library, select antibodies against HER2 ECD specifically and identify its characteristics., Methods: Peripheral blood monouclear cells (PBMCs) of breast cancer patients with HER2-overexpressing were immunized in vitro with purification protein of recombinant HER2 ECD and were then transformed by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). After total RNA was extracted, the heavy chain Fd and k/λ light chain were amplified by RT-PCR. Following restrictive digestion with Sac I/Xba I and Xho I/Spe I, the light chain k/λ genes and heavy chain genes Fd were inserted into the phagemid vector pComb3 successively and then electroporated into E.coil XL1-Blue.The humanized Fab phage antibody library against HER2 ECD was constructed by infection of helper phage VCSM13.The libraries were enrich after panned three cycles by purification protein of recombinant HER2 ECD.Then random clones were tested by ELISA to select the positive ones, which were furher identified their antigen binding acticities by Western blot, and the strongest binding to HER2 ECD clone was sequenced., Results: The Fab phage antibody library with 2.5 x 10(7) volume was constructed and four positive clones which specifically recognized the HER2 ECD were isolated and further demonstrated by Western blot. Sequence analysis of the positivest clone showed that the variable heavy domains(VH) and variable light domains(VL) were highly homologous with the human embryonal Ig heavy chain V region sequences and kappa light chain sequences, respectively., Conclusion: A fully humanized Fab phage antibody library is successfully constructed and specific antibodies against HER2 ECD are obtained, which provides an experimental foundation for new humanized anti-HER2 ECD monoclonal antibodies.

Tryptophan is one of the essential amino acids in human, and also considered as an important limiting amino acid in rice. Alkali hydrolysis method was used to determine the tryptophan content of 272 representative samples selected from the 1 256 samples in four years. Based on the milled rice flour spectroscopy, by comparing the prediction abilities of the equations with global calibrations and local calibration, the global calibration method with MPLS and the local calibration method were better than others. Their calibration models could be introduced to application because of low standard errors of prediction for both methods (0.007%) and high coefficients of determination (87.1% and 87.4%, respectively). Furthermore, the prediction ability of the equation based on the brown rice spectroscopy could be still used for determination application though their effects were worse than that of the milled rice flour spectroscopy. It was concluded that the equation could be directly used to estimate the content of tryptophan in milled rice, and the technology of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy developed in this study could be applied in selecting breeding materials for higher tryptophan content and in quality control during rice processing.

Genetic relationships and classifications of a set of melon accessions were analyzed to provide the experimental support for utilizing effectively genetic materials for breeding. Sequence-related amplified polymorphism technique was adopted to analyze 61 melon accessions. Sixteen primer combinations with clear band pattern and polymorphism were selected from over 42 primer combinations. Four hundred and fifty-two loci were detected by 16 pairs of SRAP primers. Among them, 265 were polymorphic, the polymorphic rate was 58.63%, and 28.56 loci and 16.56 polymorphic loci were amplified by each pairs of primers on average. The genetic similarity coefficient of the 61 accessions ranged from 0.48 to 0.93, with an average of 0.73. These results suggested that there was rich genetic diversity among the melon accessions tested. The varieties examined were clustered into two groups,which were thick-skinned melon and thin-skinned melon. Five groups were clustered according to genetic similarity coefficient of 0.74. The Nei's gene diversity index and Shannon's Information index of melon were 0.2231 and 0.3422, respectively, in Xinjiang, the highest among all the ecological regions.

Aim: To construct a prokaryotic expression vector expressing a fully human bivalent anti-idiotype antibody and identify the expression product., Methods: The genes of G22, I50 were subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET25b (+) in order and confirmed by colony PCR, restriction enzyme digestion, DNA sequencing.The positive construct was transformed into E.coli BL21 (DE3) and the protein was expressed after induction by IPTG. The identity of the expressed protein was confirmed by Western blot. The activity of the protein was analysed by ELISA and further by lymphocyte proliferation assay., Results: The recombinant vector was constructed successfully, the recombinant protein was successfully expressed and purified with a purification of about 90%. The molecular weight of the expressed protein was 42000 which was in accordance with expectation. The activity of expressed protein after renaturation had recovered and further confirmed by lymphocyte proliferation assay in vitro., Conclusion: We obtained an active bivalent anti-idiotype antibody which laid a foundation for the clinical immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficiency and cardiac safety of itraconazole injection in the treatment of the elderly patients with chronic pulmonary diseases suffered from acute pulmonary invasive fungal infection (IFI)., Methods: The research was single centre and open experimental designed trial. We selected patients (> 70 years old) who were admitted to our department of respiratory medicine because of chronic pulmonary diseases combined with pulmonary IFI. All patients received intravenous itraconazole injection. The clinical efficiency and cardiac safety was observed for 14 days., Results: Thirty-five patients were included, 3 patients were proven, 32 patients were probable. There were 26 patients combined with coronary artery disease (74.28%), 20 patients combined with cor pulmonale (57.14%), and 17 patients simultaneously combined with both (48.57%). The temperature of 22 patients (62.86%) decreased to normal in 7 days, 31 patients (90.39%) in 11 days. After 14 days' therapy, the level of 1, 3-beta-D glucan decreased to normal in 26 patients (78.79%). The foci in sternum of 5 patients who were infected by candida albicans were completely absorbed in 14 days. Two patients were suffered from left heart insufficiency and arrhythmia ventricular on the 4th and 5th day respectively, and disappeared on the next day after given symptomatic treatment. There was a significant difference in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) between before and after treatment., Conclusion: The clinical efficiency of itraconazole injection in the elderly patients who suffered from chronic pulmonary diseases and then combined with acute pulmonary IFI were 78.79%. Even if combined with coronary artery disease and/or cor pulmonale, the elderly patients who have chronic pulmonary diseases were safe when using the itraconazole injection in 14 days.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and their elements in people with subhealth fatigue., Methods: The TCM symptoms in line with the diagnostic criteria of subhealth fatigue status were collected by clinical investigations and using information collection form based on TCM four diagnostic methods. Referred to Clinical Guidelines of Chinese Medicine on Subhealth and other related standards, the syndrome type was identified in accordance with clinical symptoms of each patient with subhealth fatigue by two physicians. The data of syndrome differentiation were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis., Results: There were 81 syndrome types from 495 cases of subhealth fatigue. There were 24 syndrome types after separation, and the top ten were liver stagnation and spleen deficiency, stagnation of liver qi, hyperactivity of liver fire, disharmony between liver and stomach, damp obstruction due to spleen deficiency, deficiency of both heart and spleen, yin deficiency of liver and kidney, yang deficiency of spleen and kidney, stagnation of gallbladder and disturbance of phlegm, and internal disturbance of phlegm-heat. There were 17 syndrome elements, including seven disease location elements and ten disease nature elements. The disease location elements were liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, heart, gallbladder and lung. The disease nature elements were qi stagnation, qi deficiency, exuberance of fire (heat), damp obstruction, phlegm obstruction, yin deficiency, adverse flow of qi, yang deficiency, blood deficiency, and blood stasis., Conclusion: Syndrome types of subhealth fatigue involve in deficiency syndrome, excess syndrome, and mixture of deficiency and excess syndromes. The syndrome elements of disease location involve five zang organs and two fu organs, and the liver and spleen were the most frequently involved organs. The syndrome elements of disease nature involve deficiency and excess. Qi stagnation is most frequently involved in the excess syndrome, and qi deficiency is most frequently involved in the deficiency syndrome.

Objective: To investigate substance basis for improving pharmacodynamics by comparing the chemical constituents of petroleum ether extraction from crude and processed Cornus officinalis and the effects on the immunologic function of mice with immunosuppression induced., Methods: The volatile components in petroleum ether extraction were analyses by GC-MS. Non-specific immune function was determined by cleaning carbon particle index K, Swallow index a, spleen index and thymus index. The specific humoral immune function was evaluated by detecting the content of serum hemolysin., Results: The chemical constituents of petroleum ether extraction of Cornus officinalis before and after being processed had significant changes. After being processed, Vitamin E increased by 46.6%, linoleic acid increased by 18.3% and methyl linen increased by 30.9%. The extraction increased clearance rate of charcoal carbon particles index K, swallow index alpha, spleen index, thymus index and the level of serum hemolysin., Conclusion: The extraction can markedly improve non-specific immune function and the specific humoral immune function which are active sites of improving immunologic function and post-processed is better. Substance basis could be Vitamin E, Linoleic acid, methyl linen and so on.

Objective: To probe into the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and their element distributions in sub-health status., Methods: Literatures on sub-health in past 20 years were collected, and a data bank was set up by using EpiData 2.0. The frequencies of syndromes and their elements were analyzed using SPSS 12.0., Results: Out of the 50 syndromes obtained from the standardization of syndrome nomenclature, and the top three were stagnation of liver-qi, deficiency of both heart and spleen, and deficiency of liver-yin and kidney-yin. Spleen, liver and kidney were the top three of all the 14 disease locations. Qi-deficiency, qi-stagnation and damp pathogen were the top three pathogenicity types., Conclusion: Although the traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in sub-health status are scattered in the distribution, the main syndromes take up a leading proportion and their elements are concise and concentrated in distribution. Therefore, it is necessary to make a standard study on traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in sub-health status from syndrome elements.

Objective: To investigate whether there are autoantibodies to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the sera of patients and to find new NPC biomarkers., Methods: Cell plate of Epstein Barr virus negative NPC cell line CNE1 was prepared, and difference between 32 NPC patient sera and 54 normal sera was analyzed by ELISA. We extracted the total protein of CNE1, and analyzed whether there were specific proteins to react with NPC sera by Western blot., Results: The average absorbance values of serum antibody in NPC patients (0.904+/-0.032) were significantly higher than those of normal serum antibody absorbance values (0.736+/-0.028) (P< 0.01). The analysis with Western blot showed there were positive bands,and some of these were unanimous bands, but the intensity increased, and some of these were new bands compared with the normal sera. These positive bands may be NPC tumor-associated antigens or NPC tumor-specific antigens., Conclusion: Autoantibodies that react with NPC exist in the sera of NPC patients, but they do not react with Epstein-Barr virus. It provides the basis to seek the tumor biomarkers in NPC sera.

Aim: To construct a fully human anti-hepatoma single-chain phage antibody library, select the anti-hepatoma scFv from it and identify its characteristics., Methods: A fully human scFv-displaying phage library was constructed by using phage antibody library technique in combination with in vitro immunization and EBV transformation. The library was subjected to three rounds of positive and negative cell panning and enrichment and then it was selected by ELISA. The binding specificity of phage antibodies with hepatoma carcinoma cells was confirmed by immunohistochemistry., Results: After scFv genes being cloned into vector Fuse5 and transformed into E.coli MC1061 via electroporation, a phage antibody library containing 1.0 x 10(8) TU (transduced unit) was obtained through tetracycline-resistant screening. After panning, enrichment and testing by ELISA, 3 phage antibody clones reacting more strongly to HepG(2) than QSG-7701 were picked out of 2798 clones. One clone, SA3, was further analysed after DNA sequencing. The results of immunohistochemistry with cultured cells were similar to those of ELISA. SA3 reacted specifically to hepatoma cells in most human hepatoma tissue sections but in few human normal liver tissue sections. The distinction of positive rates is of a great statistical significance., Conclusion: A fully human anti-hepatoma scFv fusion phage library has been constructed. ELISA and immunohistochemistry results conform SA3 specifically bind with hepatoma carcinoma cells. The scFv fragment against hepatoma may be further developed and applied in clinical diagnosis and therapy of liver cancer.