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Aim: The situation of four Chinese core journals of physiology was summarized. The article also analyzed the deficiency of the periodical in order to provide better service for readers., Methods: Literature metrology method was used to analyze the published papers and cited papers carried in four Chinese core journals of physiology., Results: The quantity of published papers in Chinese journal of Applied Physiology was higher than that in Acta Physiologica Sinica and Progress in Physiological Sciences but was lower than that in Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology. In 2006, the funding ratio was 61.6%, but was lower than the others'. The impact factor assumed the increasing tendency, but was still lower than the others'. The paper's number and total frequency in periodical which was quoted, was as much as Acta Physiologica Sinica and Progress in Physiological Sciences, but was lower than those in Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology. The rate of high frequency paper quoted was 50%, was higher than the others'., Conclusion: The Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology has obtained some achievement since publication, but we also find the distance of funding ratio and impact factor compared with other congeneric journals. In summary, we shall try our best to make progress.

Copyright of Food & Fermentation Industries is the property of Food & Fermentation Industries and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biotechnology Bulletin is the property of Biotechnology Bulletin Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Feed Research is the property of Editorial Board of Feed Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Guangdong Agricultural Sciences is the property of South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Dalian Ocean University is the property of Journal of Dalian Ocean University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

PURPOSE This study was conducted for the purpose of exploring the direction and quality of Pilates research in the future by comparing and analyzing research trends in the field of Pilates natural science at home and abroad. METHODS In order to analyze domestic and foreign Pilates research trends, we analyzed academic papers of the last 10 years (2013-2022) in the natural science field, and domestic papers were used as the keyword ‘Pilates’ using DP Pia, Kiss, and Riss, which are academic information services. A total of 105 papers were used by searching. For overseas studies, Pub med and Scholar were used, and only SCI and SCIE papers were collected and 129 papers were searched. RESULTS First, according to the comparative analysis of research trends by domestic and foreign fields, physiology (61%), kinematics (24.8%), and rehabilitation (14.2%) were found in the order of domestic, whereas in foreign countries, kinematics (34.9%) and physiology (33.3%) and rehabilitation (31.8%), a study with a relatively even distribution was conducted. Second, in the comparative analysis by study subject, domestic literature was the highest with 68.7% of studies targeting women, and was conducted separately by various age groups. Foreign fields, 40.9% of studies conducted by gender were found, and there were many studies that considered the characteristics of musculoskeletal disorders and metabolic diseases rather than gender. Third, looking at the comparison by research variable, studies have been conducted on various topics in physiology and kinetic dynamics. However, while domestic studies have focused on changes in body composition, foreign studies are actively conducting research on muscle function, musculoskeletal disorders, and rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS In summary, it is judged that active research in the field of kinematics and rehabilitation should be conducted for more diverse subjects in the field of Pilates.

Copyright of China Medical Education Technology is the property of China Medical Education Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the effects of different proportions of red and blue light on flower bud differentiation of ‘Red Globe’ grape in facilities, and to solve the problem of poor flower bud differentiation of ‘Red Globe’ grape caused by low light environment in facilities.【Method】Taking ‘Red Globe’ grape as experimental material, without light supplement as control（CK）, the effects of red and blue light on flower bud differentiation were explored by LED light treatment of red（R）, blue（B）, red and blue 2∶1（R2B1）, red and blue 4∶1（R4B1） and red and blue 6∶1（R6B1）, together with the study of histology, physiological indexes and floral gene expression.【Result】Different proportions of red and blue significantly affected flower bud differentiation and flower related gene expression of facility ‘Red Globe’ grape.R4B1 and R6B1 treatments significantly increased the flowering rate of ‘Red Globe’ grape in greenhouse.Among them, under R4B1 treatment, the flower bud differentiation rate was fast, and the flowering rate was the highest, reaching 66% in the fifth section. The contents of carbohydrate, soluble protein and flavonoid in leaves increased, and the flowering genes VvFUL, VvFT, VvAG, VvAP1, VvAP2, VvSOC1 and VvSPL10 were up-regulated, while VvLFY and VvFLC were down-regulated.The correlation analysis between flowering genes and flowering rate showed that the flowering rate under R4B1 treatment was positively correlated with the expression levels of VvFUL, VvFT, VvAG and VvSPL10, and VvAP1 was positively correlated with VvFT, and negatively correlated with VvAP2 and VvAP3.VvFLC was negatively correlated with VvAG, and VvFT was positively correlated with VvAP2, VvSOC1 and VvSPL10.Network interaction analysis showed that the presentation and total correlation of VvAP1, VAP2 and VvSOC1 were high, and VvAP1, VvAP2, VvSOC1 and VvLFY were the critical nodes of flowering gene interaction.【Conclusion】R4B1 treatment significantly increased leaf nutrient accumulation and floral gene expression in the ‘Red Globe’ grape and promoted flower bud differentiation. These results can provide a reference for further understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms of red and blue light regulating flower bud differentiation of ‘Red Globe’ grape, and provide a theoretical basis for improving flower bud differentiation of ‘Red Globe’ grape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the physiological mechanism of kiwifruit pulp colour difference, so as to provide a reference for kiwifruit pulp colour directional breeding. 【Method】Six main kiwifruit varieties in Sichuan province were used as tested materials, the representative periods of fruit development were selected, and the contents of soluble solids, dry matter, total acid, Vc, soluble protein, soluble starch, total phenols, flavonoids and main pigments, as well as the scavenging rates of ABTS free radical, DPPH free radical and hydroxyl free radical were tested, meanwhile the changes of main physiological indexes and their correlation with pulp colour were studied. 【Result】The changes of main physiological indexes of different varieties in fruit development period basically tended to be the same, ‘Hongshi 2’ and ‘Jinshi 1’ maintained high contents of total phenol, Vc and total acid during the whole fruit development period and were significantly higher than the other four varieties in DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. In the early stage of fruit harvest, the dry matter content of ‘Hongyang’ was significantly higher than that of the other five varieties, the acid content was the lowest, and the soluble protein content of ‘Cuiyu’ was the highest. It was shown in the results of the analysis on the correlation between physiological index and pigment content that the flavonoid content was significantly or extremely significantly positively-correlated with the pigment content in kiwifruits of different varieties, the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate, vitamin C content and titratable acid content were significantly or extremely significantly negatively-correlated with the pigment content in kiwifruits of several varieties, and the scavenging rates of DPPH and ABTS free radicals, as well as the contents of dry matter, total soluble solid, soluble starch and soluble protein were not consistently correlated with the pigment content in kiwifruits of different varieties. 【Conclusion】There is a significant correlation between the color difference of kiwifruit pulp and some physiological indexes. When breeding, the parent configuration combination matching the target characters can be selected through the test of physiological indexes related to the color of parent pulp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a postoperative ICU nursing experience caring for a young woman after a failed free muscle flap reconstruction surgery. The nursing period lasted from February 19th to 28th, 2016. Using Gordon's functional health patterns as the framework for assessment, the author collected data by observing and interviewing the patient, and identified the following nursing problems: acute pain, impaired tissue integrity, anxiety, and impaired physical mobility. The author used individualized nursing care, applied a pain observation tool to document the patient's pain and relief discomfort, monitored flap blood flow to ensure the prevention of graft failure, and built trust with the patient through care to facilitate a positive patient attitude. Free muscle flap observation is different from that of skin flaps. It should focus on the observation of muscle moisture, blood flow, and color. In addition, immediate notification of medical treatment can increase the success rate of reconstruction. It is hoped that the sharing of this experience can be used to provide a reference for clinical nursing personnel to improve the quality of clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AADC deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease that may lead to movement disorder and/or autonomic dysfunction. The prognosis of AADC deficiency patients is poor, and most die in childhood. Gene therapy is the only method currently available to help alleviate related symptoms. Gene therapy involves the injection of adeno-associated viral (AV) vector into the basal ganglia of patients, helping transfer the AADC gene and leading to improved AADC production and higher numbers of neurotransmitters in the brain. Moreover, as patients are unable to produce catecholamine, they may also suffer from a disorder affecting the regulatory control of the autonomic nervous system, resulting in hypoglycemia, which often causes imbalances in thermoregulation and hemodynamic and functional adjustments during surgery. Furthermore, the use of analgesics and inhalational anesthetics increase the risks of hypotension and bradycardia. Thus, in addition to assessing cardiac and respiratory system functions, it is important to evaluate the patient's airway before administering anesthesia, as structural anomalies or other situations may be present that lead to difficulties in tracheal intubation. Various airway tools, anesthesia equipment, and alternative plans should thus be prepared to protect the airway and maintain vital signs. All of the abovementioned issues increase the risks of AADC deficiency patients undergoing general anesthesia. The development of gene transfection for genetic diseases is a future trend. This paper identifies possible problems and related responses in perioperative patient care during gene therapy. The authors hope that these experiences provide references for the administration of AADC and similar gene therapies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to explain the clinical features of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), the most common peripheral vertigo disease, from the view of vestibular pathophysiology. Firstly, it overviews several important principles in vestibular pathophysiology, including the relative density of otolith and endolymph and its spatial position relation with semicircular canal, Flourens' law, Ewald's second law, endolymph hydrodynamics caused by otolith shift, semicircular canals working as pairs, coupling of semicircular canal - extraocular muscle and central velocity storage. Secondly, use these principles to explain the clinical features of BPPV, differences between posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV and the nystagmus characteristics during maneuver therapy. Finally, it presents some opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV, also based on these principles, including the differences between canalithiasis and cupulolithiasis, repositioning maneuver method and diagnosis of anterior semicircular canal BPPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), which is a safe and noninvasive method for inducing or enhancing neural plasticity, can promote the recovery of post - stroke aphasia (PSA). This paper explores the possible mechanisms of verbal recovery in patients with PSA, and analyzes the role of bilateral hemispheres and cerebellum in speech recovery to review the research progress of application of tDCS in PSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis is the property of Chinese Journal of Osteoporosis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In order to explore the ability of Australian tea tree tissue culture seedlings to tolerate low temperature and the response mechanism to low temperature stress, this paper determined the 3-month-old Australian tea tree group The process of low temperature treatment of seedlings and the recovery of the leaf chlorophyll (Chl), malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT), ascorbic acid Changes in acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH), soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP), and free proline (Pro). The results show that: (1) －5 ℃ stress for 24 hours, the content of protective enzymes and antioxidants decreased significantly, and the content of MDA increased significantly. (2) At 0 ℃, AsA and GSH decreased first and then In contrast to CAT, SOD continued to increase. After 48 hours of stress, the activity of protective enzymes increased significantly, and the content of antioxidants decreased significantly. (3) 10 ℃ The SOD activity first decreased and then increased. After 48 hours of stress, the content of osmotic adjustment substances increased significantly. Therefore, the 3-month-old Australian tea plant tissue culture seedlings were at -5 ℃. Subject to lethal freezing damage, seedlings can respond to low temperature stress above 0 ℃ by activating the antioxidant system and quickly accumulating osmotic adjustment substances. However, there are some differences in the response mechanisms of the two low temperature stresses at 0 ℃. The physiological response mechanism provides a theoretical basis for reasonable introduction and large-scale planting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study is to clarify the concepts of physical education and sport from a philosophical perspective and propose the potential of kinesiology as a promising alternative. METHODS The method of philosophical argumentation was employed to carefully examine the logical consistency of physical education, sport, and kinesiology. The conceptual tools of connotation and denotation were used to analyze these definitions, and their compatibility was thoroughly assessed. RESULTS Through deductive analysis, it was discovered that both physical education and sport face inherent challenges of limited externalization and excessive externalization. These challenges hinder the accurate representation of reality or weaken the distinct identity of the disciplines. Conversely, it was argued that kinesiology possesses the conceptual capacity to encompass both physical education and sport as a discipline. CONCLUSIONS Considering the apparent conceptual constraints of physical education, it becomes reasonable to reassess the nomenclature of our field. This paper has demonstrated the philosophical significance of kinesiology and its potential as a viable alternative. However, since philosophical arguments may not always perfectly align with practical reality, further exploration and evaluation from diverse perspectives are necessary to determine the suitability of adopting the term ‘kinesiology’ as an alternative.

Objective To explore the teaching effects of paper presentation in physiology. Methods 179 undergraduate students were selected from Jining Medical College as the research object and divided into the experiment group using the teaching method of paper presentation,and control group using the traditional lecture based learning teaching methods. At the end of the curriculum, an examination and a questionnaire were used to evaluate the teaching effects of students in the two groups. Results The performance of the students in the experiment group was statistically better than the control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01)in terms of learning capacity and reasoning logic and capacity to solve problems. Conclusions In the physiology teaching, the paper presentation method is superior to the traditional method.

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVES This study aims to summarize previous studies on the relationship between regular physical activity and the immune system in the elderly, and discuss optimal exercise modes to maintain immunity in preparation for novel infectious diseases that may continue to appear. METHODS This study referred to the academic papers based on the electronic database, and they were searched using the following keywords: physical activity, immunity, elderly, and COVID-19. RESULTS The elderly are more vulnerable to infectious disease such as the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) than other age groups because of lower physiological function and immune surveillance, consequently leading to higher severity of and mortality. Many studies on physical activity and immunity have confirmed that regular physical activity enhances immunity in the elderly population. Physical activity can delay immunosenescence and increase immune resilience by maintaining the function of the innate and acquired immune systems. Because the elderly have low physical fitness, physiological function, and immunity, exercise prescription for the elderly must be approached very carefully and in detail, considering various exercise modes such as exercise intensity and amount. As confirmed in previous studies, homebased light physical activity is a convenient, safe, and effective strategy for the health of the elderly. CONCLUSIONS In this study, balance training using body-weight is a good method of home-based physical activity for the elderly, because it not only improves immunity by increasing physical fitness but also prevents frequent falls by increasing the balance ability of the lower extremities. Future studies should be conducted on various exercise modes and optimal exercise training to improve immunity in the elderly.

Copyright of Bulletin of Botanical Research is the property of Bulletin of Botanical Research Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Gray mould caused by Botrytis Cinerea is one of the most harmful diseases to grape production and has become an obstacle to grape storage. Natamycin is a natural antimycotic polyene commonly used to prevent yeast and mould contamination of daily food. However, there is no conclusive report on the possible effect of this antibiotic on post-harvest gray mold for grapes. In this paper, the effects of natamycin on grape Botrytis Cinerea were studied through artificially inoculated experiments and related bioassay. Inhibition potentials on post-harvest gray mold for grapes were further studied through pre-harvest dipping treatments and related physiological analysis. Results showed that, at both room temperature and low temperature conditions, growth of Botrytis Cinerea inoculated on fruit surfaces was obviously inhibited by 500-mg/L natamycin antimicrobial. The inhibition rate of the 'Kyoho' and 'Muscat' grape reached 95.23% and 87.84%, respectively. The inhibition ratio under low temperature was higher than that at room temperature, which achieved highly significant levels (p<0.01). The microscopic morphology of mycelium, terminal growing points and spores were also changed into unfavorable growth. Mycelium edges became rough, separation was not clear, terminal growing points wilted, and spores became malformed. For both of the two varieties, mildew rate, abscission rate, and weight loss rate of pre-harvest dipping treatment were lower than that of post-harvest dipping treatment. Fruit hardness of pre-harvest dipping treatment was higher after being stored for 80 days. The increase of the Botrytis Cinerea population on fruit surfaces was significantly suppressed by the pre-harvest dipping treatment of 500 mg/L natamycin antimicrobial. Compared to control, Botrytis Cinerea population on 'Kyoho' and 'Muscat' grape fruits were reduced by 73.66% and 78.71% respectively after pre-harvest dipping treatment of natamycin at the end of storage. The mildew rate, abscission rate of fruit, and browning index of stem were also reduced during storage period. Compared to control, the mildew rate of 'Kyoho' and 'Muscat' were reduced by 40.77% and 50.36%, the abscission rate of fruit were reduced by 43.93% and 43.20%, and the browning index of stem were reduced by 50.86% and 48% respectively when stored for 80 days. In addition, the ethylene (ETH) generation rate of grape clusters was inhibited by pre-harvest dipping treatment of 500 mg/L natamycin antimicrobial, and the activity of phenylalnine ammonialyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) in the stem were reduced to some extent. Chitin and β-1, 3-glucan are main structural components of fungal cell walls. Chitinases and β-1, 3-glucanases produced in plant tissue have the abilities to degrade Chitin and β-1, 3-glucan, which will help eliminate pathogenic fungus. Furthermore, activity of chitinases and β-1, 3-glucanases in grape fruit were largely induced by natamycin treatment, directly or indirectly, so as to increase the resistance to postharvest grey mould. In conclusion, pre-harvest treatment of natamycin can greatly help control grey mould and improve the quality of table grapes during storage. Findings of the present study would be helpful in designing management measures to reduce incidence and severity of mildew, abscission, and browning of different grape varieties. The findings also demonstrated the potential for using natamycin in controlling natural infections of grape postharvest pathogens. These findings can be employed by grape suppliers to provide qualitatively and quantitatively better produce to the local and/or export markets and release great application potential in the field of keeping table grapes fresh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the ultimate goals for orthodontic treatment is to establish an esthetic, healthy, stable and efficient occlusion. Currently, however, most of the criteria are limited to static occlusion, with little attention to dynamic occlusion. During the therapy, the orthodontists may sometimes find the maximum intercuspation (MI) is remarkably inconsistent with the centric relation (CR), or the mandibular positions are different before and after the therapy. These definitely will influence the stability of the treatment, or even the health of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and stomatognathic system. The functional occlusion theory emphasizes that the displacement of TMJ in the glenoid fossa is the reason for the inharmony between MI and CR, and the relapse. What is more, this theory also gives the orthodontists the ways to evaluate the relationships among the MI, CR and TMJ. In this paper, we will introduce the contents and methods of the functional occlusion theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the increase of human life's pace and people's psychological burden, the spectrum of morbidities changed, and the dynamic disease which is caused by the maladjustment between heart and body becomes the main menace to human being. Through fusing various physiological information, dynamic disease can be diagnosed effectively. The paper discussed the principle of analyzing physiological system's dynamic property and evaluating dynamically human body's health level. It emphasized on introducing the progress of foreign research, and analyzed briefly the problems needed to be dealt with and the future resrarch direction of this field.

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology (1008-0864) is the property of Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objective] This paper aimed to the tolerance and behavioral changes of Triplophysa (Itedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) under the salinity and alkalinity.[Method] Triplophysa (Itedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) was used as objects, defining a low-temperature environment (13 ± 0.5) Ti, their preferences under the gradient concentrations of salinity (S)/alkalinity (Aik ) were determined, and the effects of salinity (S)/alkalinity (Aik) toxicity on the Triplophysa (iledinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) in Tarim river were studied.[Result] When Aik was around pH 6.5 -7.5 with temperature(13 ± 1 ) Ti, the TC%) of S to T.(H.)yarkandensis (Day) were 20.0870 %c, 16.2490 %c, 13.3300 %c, 12.5680 %c and 12.3930 %c at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, respectively, and the safe S was 4.1676 %c.The LC50 of Alkto T.(H.) yarkandensis (Day) were 12.1590, 9.9776, 9.5076, 8.6485 and 4.5220 g · I.1 at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, respectively, and the safe Aik was 2.7179 g · L-l.Among them, 4 %c was the main preference area, and 3 -4 g · L-l was the range of Aik preference.In conclusion, although the low temperature of S/Alk toxicity tolerance slowed, behavior preferences were also different of T.(II.) yarkandensis (Day), and the S/Alk stress of Tarim water salinization seriously affected the growth and development of T.(II.) yarkandensis (Day).[Conclusion]The present study would provide a scientific basis for the enhancement and protection of T.(II.) yarkandensis (Day). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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There were in-depth studies and discussions on phlegm-fluid retention by many physicians at ancient times, among them Zhu Danxi’s doctrine of phlegm-fluid retention was the most famous with a considerable influence on later generations. Zhang Jingyue realized the quintessence of Zhu’s doctrine and dared to innovate. He put forward his own unique understandings on phlegm-fluid retention combined with his clinical experience and Zhu’s doctrine, and had made a tremendous contribution to the development of diagnosis and treatment of phlegm-fluid retention. This paper discusses the exposition about phlegm-fluid retention in Danxi Xinfa (Danxi’s Experiential Therapy) and Jingyue Quanshu (Complete Works of Jingyue), and sorts out the similarities and differences between them after comparing and integrating their academic thought and features. The authors hope to get the true essence of doctrine of phlegm-fluid retention and provide guide for treatment of phlegm-fluid retention diseases in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis is a chronic systematic bone disease characterized by abnormal bone metabolism and bone microstructure damage, leading to increased risk of fragile fracture, and has negative impact on human health. There is a deep understanding of osteoporosis in traditional Chinese medicine. Osteoporosis belongs to traditional Chinese medicine theory of"Gu Wei"and"Gu Bi", and its incidence is due to kidney deficiency with blood stasis as symptom. Traditional Chinese medicine plays an increasingly important role in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Bone Metabolism Biochemical markers are biochemical products or related hormones that can be detected from the blood and urine. It can reflect the state of bone metabolism, and is an important index to assist in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and evaluation of metabolic bone disease. It has been widely used in TCM constitution identification, syndrome diagnosis and drug treatment of osteoporosis. In this paper, the application of bone metabolic markers in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in recent years was summarized by means of literature review, so as to provide reference for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estrogen is closely associated with osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of systemic arthritis mainly involving cartilage and subchondral bone. Estrogen and its receptors affect the metabolism or apoptosis of articular cartilage and subchondral bone, and could directly or indirectly affect the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis process through a variety of ways. Based on recent literature from China and overseas, estrogen has multiple-level close relationship with OA at three aspects epidemiology, clinical and experimental studies. There are differences among the specific correlations, however, the majority of studies have suggested that the deficiency of E2 can damage the cartilage, and almost all of the animal experiments have suggested that E2 is directly or indirectly associated with OA. In particular clinical studies have suggested the clinical application of E2 replacement therapy. E2 or its regulators can effectively relieve pain in patients with OA, and slightly reduce the prevalence rate and reduce the incidence rate of joint replacement. We consider that combining the latest progress on OA pathogenesis with the recognition of the relationship between OA and E2, from the aspects of molecular immunology and biomechanics to understand the associations of E2 with induced local inflammatory or destruction of bone and cartilage metabolism, as a research approach to OA will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism, which will be constructive to the development of drugs for specific targets. In this paper, we reviewed the latest progress in the study of estrogen and osteoarthritis in three aspects: epidemiology, clinical and experimental research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays a central role in lipid metabolism. Besides its important role in lipid metabolism, apolipoprotein E also affects bone metabolism. Studies have shown that osteoporosis and abnormal lipid metabolism are metabolic diseases affected by various factors, and the two have close relationship. In postmenopausal women, changes in estrogen level often lead to metabolic disorders of bone and lipids. In addition, estrogen levels had been shown to have great impact on ApoE. Many scholars from China and overseas have recognized the role of ApoE in the development osteoporosis and abnormal lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women, and focused on the regulation effect of ApoE on bone and lipid metabolism. The incidence of bone and lipid metabolic disorders are high in middle-aged and older women. Osteoporosis has negative impact on the daily life and even safety of middle-aged and older women. In this paper, we reviewed of the research progress on the effects of apolipoprotein E on bone metabolism and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels superfamily of ion channels were first discovered in a mutant of Drosophila melanogaster which were visual defected, it was named by the transient electrophysiologieal signals when we used the light to stimuli this mutant. Thirteen genes were identified in Drosophila based on the sequence homology, and it was divided into seven subfamilies, TRPC ,TRPA ,TRPM ,TRPV,TRPN, TRPP and TRPML. TRP channels also found in other animals, yeast, alage and so on. TRP superfamily involved in all physiological and sensory modalities in insects, such as vision, olfaction, hearing, thermosensation, mecha-nosensation, etc. Latest research shows that the protein complex of nanchung and inactive which belongs to TRPV subfamily of insect was the target of pymetrozine. In this paper, the nomenclature, classification, structure, evolution and activation mechanism of TRP channel family are introduced respectively, the TRP channels functions of physiological and behavioral in insects are reviewed in detail based on the latest literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intestinal mucosal barrier helps to prevent intestinal flora disorder and the direct contact of food and chemical drugs with the exposed surface of the mucosa. It is closely related to disease incidence, and more and more attention has been paid to the effect of its immune function on the health of human body. Intestinal immune system has the general barrier function, participates in the process of humoral immunity and cellular immunity, and plays an important role in the regulation of the intestinal environment. The intestinal immune barrier is complex and is affected by intestinal flora and diet, etc. It can affect bone metabolism through various channels, and is closely associated with the occurrence of osteoporosis. Studying the relationship between intestinal flora, immune system and bone metabolism is helpful for the further elucidation of the mechanism that intestinal flora affecting bone metabolism through regulating the host immune system. This may provide a new thinking strategy for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis. In this paper, we elaborated the research progress of intestinal immune function and bone metabolism from several aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of protein folding pattern is one of important topics in life science field. The classification of protein folding type is the base of study on folding pattern. In this paper, protein folding type classification of SCOP database was as the foundation, similarity less than 40% of the folding type was as the object of study in the class of α,β, α+β and α/β of Astral SCOPe 2.05 database, the template of 989 protein folding types was constructed and the template data base was formed. The method of protein folding type classification was constructed based on the design of folding type template, and the automatic classification of protein folding type of SCOP database was realized. In the self-consistency test and independence test of family template, the mean value of sensitivity, specificity and MCC: 95.00%, 99.99%, 0.94 and 90.00%, 99.97%, 0.92, respectively. In the self-consistency test and independence test of folding type template, the mean value of sensitivity, specificity and MCC: 93.71%, 99.97%, 0.91 and 86.00%, 99.93%, 0.87, respectively. The result shows that the design of template is reasonable and it can be effectively used for the classification of proteins with known structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the popularity of nanomaterials, an increasing number of nanoproducts are used in our daily life, and as a result, the opportunities of exposure to nanomaterials for humans are greatly increased. Given such wide exposure of nanoparticles (NPs), the biosecurity of NPs had attracted people's attention. During the toxicological study of NPs, it is crucial important to know their distribution in animal tissues. In order to study the variation of the metallic element contents in the Bombyx mori after feeding the metal/metal oxide NPs, a method for determination of copper and titanium in hemolymph, silk gland and midgut of the fifth-instar silkworm larvae was developed by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (MD-ICP-MS). Compared with other measurement techniques, ICP-MS has many advantages, such as less sample consumption, low detection limit, high sensitivity and wide linear range. In the experiment, the 3-day-old larvae of fifth-instar Bombyx mori were fed with mulberry leaves sprayed with the suspension of Cu NPs and TiO2 NPs (at concentration of 500.00 mg/L), respectively. Seventy-two hours after treatment with the nanoparticles, the samples of the larval hemolymph, silk gland and midgut were obtained by cutting through one of the prolegs and dissecting the larvae. The samples were digested by microwave digestion with the model of Ramp to Temperature: nitric acid dosage 5 mL, maximum temperature 180 ℃, hold time 25 min, and the determination was detected by the ICP-MS under the optimum condition. In this study, the correlation coefficients for Cu and Ti are 0.999 95 and 0.999 89, respectively. The recoveries of the two elements are between 96.6% and 105.4%, and both the relative standard deviations(RSDs) are less than 3.7%. The results indicated that the contents of Ti in the hemolymph and silk gland only have a little change compared with the control group, while the content of Ti in the midgut (181.46±9.58) μg/g is about three times higher than that of the control group (63.39±6.44) μg/g for the group treated with TiO2 NPs. In the group treated with Cu NPs, the Cu content in the hemolymph has no obvious change, while the contents in the midgut (82.73±1.72) μg/g and silk gland (3.88±0.17) μg/g are about two and seven times higher than that of the control group (11.68±0.46) μg/g, (1.77±0.26) μg/g, respectively. In this paper, the contents of Cu and Ti in the hemolymph, silk gland and midgut of larvae of fifth-instar silkworm had been determined accurately by MD-ICP-MS. This may provide a useful method to study the variation of the metallic element contents in the tissues of Bombyx mori after fed with the metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, which will support the further study of biological effects of nanoparticles on silkworm. The distribution tests of NPs based on Bombyx mori can solve some problems, such as high costs and highly ethical and moral controversy. Since the metabolic mechanism of Bombyx mori was similar to mammal, the toxicity study of NPs on Bombyx mori might provide data support for the biological safety evaluation of NPs and method for reference to toxicity studies of other nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]