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This research aimed mainly to identify the Farmers Knowledge level of the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production and their sources of information about it in some Villages in Al-Buhera governorate. The study was carried out for achieving following: 1-To identify objectives some characteristics of the respondents. 2- To identify the farmers knowledge level of the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production. 3-To identify the farmers sources of information about the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production. 4- Study the correlations between the degree of farmers knowledge of the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production and some of the independent variables. 5- Study the correlations between the degree of the farmers sources of information about the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production and their benefit of it and some of the independent variables. The data was obtained to achieve the objective of the research through a questionnaire through the personal interview with a 150 Farmers. Data were analyzed statistically by using percentages, means, standard deviation, Intermediate class, and person correlation, Chi-square, by using (SPSS) program. The main results were as follows: 1- 59.3% from respondents are on the low and medium knowledge level of the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production. 2- Nearly three quarters of the respondents 74.7% fall into the low and middle in the degree of exposed to information sources about the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production. 3- There are a positive correlation between the degree of farmers knowledge of the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production and the following variables: education level, social status, degree of realness for renewal, communicative activity, knowledge of the causes of climate changes, knowledge of general appearances of climate changes, the degree of exposure to information sources and benefit from it. 4- There are a positive correlation between the degree of exposure to information sources and benefit from it and the following variables: social status, regenerative, communicative activity, knowledge of the causes of climate changes, knowledge of general appearances of climate changes, degree of farmers knowledge of the negative effects of climate change on Agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the level of psychosomatic disorders and their relationship to the characteristics of suicide survivors in Palestine. The study sample consisted of (155) individual survivors of the suicide attempt, and the psychosomatic disorders tool (36) was used within six axes, and the tool for the characteristics of individuals who survived suicide (40) was used within five axes. The results showed that the level of Psychosomatic disorders of individuals who survived suicide was moderate and there were differences in the independent variables: (gender, age, number of suicide attempts). The characteristics of individual suicide survivors were moderate, and the results of independent variables resulted in statistically significant differences in the characteristics of individuals who survived suicide depending on a variable: (age, social status, educational level, and number of suicide attempts). The results indicated a weak relationship between psychosomatic disorders and the characteristics of suicide survivors, and the study recommended focusing on the youth category in Palestinian society and adopting treatment programs for individuals who attempted suicide and working on family coordination within the Palestinian environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

“Awareness of difference in the Omani novel:A reading in the variety of content “ Difference is a cornerstone in the building of the societies; differences in culture, ideas,social,political and mainly artistic for it plays a considerable role in the development of the civilisation. Difference paves the way to innovation And the development of the narration discourse and its tools, which shows the the event and the reality in the framework of the imaginary and the real and the challenge of the reality. This is what makes me write about difference. In this context, the novel develops from depicting the reality to development of the character,which becomes the efficient element. Like the Arabic literature, the Omani novel has shown developments in style and language and goes beyond the awareness of difference. The novelist stands against the social and the political limitations and stands against all the taboos,which try to stop him from innovation and having another point of view. The novel,therefore is his framework to express his political, social and cultural views, a in the Omani society. In fact, the Omani novel opens its doors not only to its domestic areas,but to its international trend, participating in the Arabic and international literature. The question to be asked is how the Omani novel succeeds in developing its social, cultural and political issues. Another question to be asked is what are the social, cultural, historical and intellectual issues that the novel has dealt with and how it has reached the Arabic and international audiences. Some old modern surveys have participated in the development of the, Omani novel as far as the artistic and the thematic sides.We can mention as an example the Omani narrative discourse by Azzeza Thayi and another example “A study in the modern Omani narration “ by Ehsan Sadak Lawati and other different studies and some seminars about the Omani novel. This study has come to the conclusion that the Omani novelist wants to reach international reputation and this study has also come to the conclusion that the Omani novel has developed linguistically and artistically. The Omani novelist has emphasised the spirit of, d difference and it has the capacity to deal with social,intellectual and historical issues [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to identify the impact of positive thinking on the anxiety of Coronavirus infection through the lockdown among UNRWA staff in Jordan. To achieve the objectives of the study, three measures were developed, the Positive Thinking Scale, the anxiety level of Coronavirus Infection Scale, and the lockdown Scale. A sample of (2036) employees responded to the measures. The results showed that the level of anxiety for COVID -19 infection among the sample was high, and statistically significant differences were found in the level of Covid-19 infection anxiety according to the sex variable for females, also statistically differences were found in the level of anxiety in COVID-19 infection according to age in favor of (31-40), and statistically differences for the social status in favor of married couples. Results also showed a direct negative impact of positive thinking variable on the level of anxiety associated with COVID-19 infection, and an effect of positive thinking on the level of anxiety during activating the lockdown. The study recommends designing training programs for employees to help them adapt to different circumstances and enable them to continue performing their assigned work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generally, George Bernard Shaw defines literature as the mirror of the society. He presents his looking-glass by portraying the good and bad ideas of his society. He is the playwright who attached the romanticism through the naturalism movement that started at the middle of the 19th century to replace romanticism. This research aims to reveal the private follies of the characters in George Bernard Shaw's Arms and the Man, in terms of their idealism and realism in war and love. This play is a satire on the foolishness of glorifying war, as well as on idealistic notions of love. Through it, Shaw tries to reflect the reality of his period of time and society. He harshly criticizes the notion of war because of its terrible consequences such as bloodshed, destruction and poverty. About love, he emphasizes that it is important to follow ones heart in marriage not social status or appearances. The methodology of the study is analytical. In conclusion, the results show that Shaw's aims to reform society's conventional behavior to rescue it from fake changing of characters idealism notions of war and love at the end of the play achieved idealism to become more realism, especially that relate to marriage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of female spinsterhood is one of the social problems that spread in societies where wars abound and the economic, health and social reality deteriorates, especially in Arab societies in general and the study area in particular. The research aims to reveal the phenomenon of delayed female marriage in the city of Al-Amarah during the year (2021), and to know the demographic, economic and social characteristics of spinster females. Among the economic, social, health, personal and other reasons contributed to the males’ reluctance to marry and the rise of spinsterhood, and knowing the most important reasons for the delay in female marriage necessitated the development of solutions to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the status of the social responsibility of Al- Quds University as viewed by the faculty members of the university. The study population consisted of all (320) faculty members, the sample of the study was a random sample of (130) of the faculty members. The descriptive approach was used in this study by using questionnaire. The validity and the relieability of the tool were verified by appropriate educational and statistical methods. The results of the study, revealed that the reality of the social responsibility of Al Quds University according to its fields, the estimations were moderate, with an average mean of (3.32), while the environmental and health aspect had the highest mean (3.51), the economic field came with the lowest arithmetic average (3.11). The results of the study revealed that there are no statistically significant differences between the estimates of the members of the study sample of the faculty members for the reality of social responsibility due to the different study variables. The researchers introduced some recommendations based on its results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to determine the degree of knowledge of the rural women respondents about the social, economic, and legislative requirements to empower them in society, the degree of importance of these requirements, the relationship of the characteristics of the respondents to the degree of knowledge and importance of these requirements in general, and the obstacles to empowering rural women. The research was conducted on 180 female respondents from the village of Menouf locality, affiliated to the center of Tanta, Gharbia Governorate, and the questionnaire was used to collect field data during the months of March and April 2022, using frequencies, percentages, weighted average, simple correlation coefficient and chi-square test to analyze the data statistically. They are the results: - The increase in the respondents' knowledge of the social, economic and legislative requirements for their empowerment, as their percentage in the high level category reached 82.2%, 68.9%, 53.3%, respectively. - Low opinion of respondents on the importance of social, economic, and legislative requirements for their empowerment, as their percentage in the category of high level of importance reached 29.4%, 26.1%, 20%, respectively. - There is a direct correlation between the variables: the size of agricultural holdings, marital compatibility, cultural openness, membership in organizations, self-confidence of the respondents and the degree of their overall knowledge of the studied requirements. - There is a direct correlation between the variables of agricultural holding size, marital compatibility, and the respondents' opinion on the importance of requirements in general. - There is a significant relationship between the variables of marital status, the husband's education, the practical status of the husband and wife, the social status of the family, and the respondents' knowledge of the requirements in general, and their opinion of the importance of these requirements. The most important obstacles to empowering women are the misunderstanding of religious matters with regard to women's rights, the state's neglect of rural women for many years, and the bias towards males at the expense of females in everything. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Study aims basically at determining the relative importance of the sup-themes of the value orientations levels, descriping the respondents value orientations levels between the terminal and intermenal value, determining the differnces between the value orientations levels of the three studied villages, identifying the relationship between the value orientations levels and the variables study, and finally identifying the most important reasons value imbalances in the study area and suggestions to face these imbalances from the view point of respondents. Asystematic random sample of (200) Heads of rural youth were selscted from in (Snofer, Ibgeg, Talat) villages in Fayoum district, Fayoum governorate. A number of complementary statistical measures and techniques were utilized in the analysis of the collected data including: Pearson's correlation coefficient, Che-Squere test, Step Wise multiple regression, Alpha coefficient, in addition to Percentages, Arithmetic mean, Standard deviation, Range and Frequencies. The most important findings of the study were as fallows: About (10.5%) of respondents had a low level of total degree of value orientations, (69%) of them had a moderate level, and finally (20.5%) of them had a high level of total degree of value orientations of respondents. and there is no significant differences at 0.05 probability between the levels of total Value orientations and the three villages, where the calculated (F) 1.76, and The findings showed that four of the independent variables had significant effects at probability level 0.05. between the levels of total Value orientations and following variables: Social status, family size, family cohesion, and social media openness. And the relationship between the variables reached : 0.190, 0.166, 0,120, 0.108 respectitely by cramers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess Impact of Medical Insurance on Employees' Performance a Field Study at Islamic Banks in Yemen on Feb. 2022 the influence of tropical storage conditions on the quality and stability of some selected essential medical Insuranse in Yemen and to assess the different of employees' demographic variables according to their Gender, Sex, Ages, Level of career, Years of service (GSALY). Methodology: A stratified random sample, which was chosen, consisted of 102 employees in three levels of jobs of the job career available at the sample study the first level was highly managerial staff, the second was heads of departments' staff and the last was the administrators' staff. To achieve the objectives of the study. The analytical descriptive method was approach and SPSS21 used. The results: was found after taking the test there is an impact of the medical insurance on Employees' Performance estimated by 95.8% also there is a significant differences due to Sex and the job level variable in favor of head of department and to years of experience variable in favor of those who have little of experience and there were no significant different attributed to the Social status and ages. Conclusions: in light of the results founded especially the highly relation between the elements of this study recommending to make enhance Medical Insurance Programs and to pay the attention to the employees' deductible on the medical Insurance to enhance Medical coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before Islam, women were victims of slavery, humiliation, oppression, and exploitation. Islam came and liberated women from slavery, humiliation, oppression, and exploitation. Islam abolished all the evil customs which were against the human dignity of women and gave them the rights which they deserved. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) endowed women with their rightful status and human dignity on both social and domestic levels. In the light of Islamic teachings, men and women have equal status as human beings. In that sense, no one is superior to another. Just as Islam calls men honorable and respectable, so too in the eyes of Islam women are honorable and have an important role to play in society. The biography of the Holy Prophet is a beacon for us. He proved by his practical life that a woman is pitiable and respectable in respect of mother, daughter, sister, wife, and other relationships. In Arab society, he proved by raising her four daughters that a woman is also a human being, therefore, she should also be given rights. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has left out such enlightening teachings on women's social rights that by following them, women can be granted their social rights. But even today, women are being deprived of many of their social rights. There is a need to bring the social issues of women before the society in the light of Sīrat-un-Nabī. Also mention the restrictions facing women in the present. The question arises, what is the social status of women in the light of Sīrat-un-Nabī? And what are the challenges facing women today? This article is written to answer these questions. In pre-Islamic society, women were not given any importance or status in any relationship. Socially, women's rights were completely taken away and some Arab families did not even have the right to live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research studies Arwa bin Alward’s poetry in accordance with the sociological approach to the creative range of the (Sulukes’ Poetry)* and in regard to Sulukism mostly as a social and artistic phenomenon. The approach also contributes to establishing and understanding the relationship between literature and society to activate it as a means of development and advancement to human societies. The research focuses on the social aspects within the texts by dismantling the structure phonetically, lexically, syntactically then reconstructs them to shed light on the poet's unique vision of the world. The research focuses on Arwa bin Alward’s poetry despite the scarcity of former studies due to his social status (often called Father of the Sulukes), which goes with the research approach. The research concludes that the pre-Islamic text is extremely capable of providing studies with a rich creative material and enlightening modern criticism schools. Therefore, it also maintains the artistic and historical features especially bearing in mind that the pre-Islamic era is the source of Arabic poetry. In addition, it analyzes the poet’s personality, his social position, his vision of the world, and the features of the society he aspires to despite unjust social restrictions and provisions. The researcher finds that the sociological approach is one of the most appropriate approaches to study the pre-Islamic text and peer into its mysteries and ideologies though usually hidden within (subtext) to avoid confrontation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to examine post-traumatic stress disorder and the most effective coping methods for a sample of Palestinians after the Jerusalem Wall War (May 2021) and their relationship to the following variables: gender, age, educational level, social status and place of residence. The study followed the descriptive method in order to verify the formulated hypotheses. The study sample consisted of 590 subjects, 236 males and 354 females. A special website was built for this purpose and published after verifying the validity and reliability of the study tool on the study community through the official authorities. Data were collected from them during a period that lasted from 01/06/21-16/07/21. After collecting the data, an appropriate statistical processing was carried out according to the study questions to come up with the results and categorize them according to the answer for each paragraph. The following methods were used for this study: Measures of dispersion and central tendency, T. Test and Analysis of Variance Test. The results of the study showed a high rate of post-traumatic stress disorder by 66.6%, and there were statistically significant differences at the level of the total degree of the post-traumatic stress disorder scale according to the variable of place of residence in favor of Gaza. There were also no statistically significant differences at the level of the total degree of the post-traumatic stress disorder scale according to the age variable (less than 20 years, 20-40 years, 40-60 years, 60 years and over). The results also showed that individuals with primary educational level and below are more likely to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder compared to their more educated peers in other groups. The results also showed a less flexibility among the Palestinians inland (living in Israel) in dealing with events and the ability to look to a better future compared to Palestinians in Gaza, the West Bank and Jerusalem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to identify the genesis and development of the teacher’s syndicate; Globally, locally; To get to know its professional roles. The researcher followed in the study both Descriptive,and historical approaches; To reveal the pattern of development of these trade unions and the implications of each pattern of development for the teacher's professional position; In addition to analysing the reality of the teacher’s syndicate, and criticizing it in Egyptian society within its context: historical and societal; To know why the teacher’s syndicate is weak in its professional roles. The study concluded that career upgrading and teacher status: Social and professional, the teacher need to practise their professional roles given by teacher’s syndicate in cooperation with the institutions for their preparation and development; Such teacher’s syndicate - at the local level - need a broader community vision, which seeks social justice within the framework of social change; The partnership between all parties involved in teacher matters (the Ministry of Education and teacher’s syndicate is represented by teachers, the teacher's professional academy, school owners and colleges of education); to develop a new teacher’s syndicate agenda which identify the profession; Such agenda would include professional, political, economic, cultural, social and integrative teacher’s syndicate roles; as main vocational training for the teacher; preparation, and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the degree to which the Jordanian public depends on the Kingdom channel in obtaining information about the Corona virus, using the descriptive approach and the survey method, and the questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the required data, on a sample of 300 individuals from different governorates of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan according to the available sample method. The results of the study concluded: - There are no differences in the degree of confidence in the channel's credibility due to the variables of gender, age, educational level, and the point of work, and the presence of differences in social status in favor of married people in this hypothesis. - There are differences in the degree of public's dependence on the channel due to gender variables in favor of males, age and educational level in favor of diploma holders, and there are no differences attributable to age variables and work point in this hypothesis. - There are no differences in the reasons for the public’s dependence on the channel due to the variables of gender, marital status, educational level and workplace, and the existence of differences attributable to the effect of age, in favor of those 46 years and over in this hypothesis. - There is a positive relationship between the degree of the Jordanian public's reliance on the Kingdom channel to get information about Corona and the degree of confidence in the credibility of the Kingdom channel by the Jordanian community. - There is a positive relationship between the degree of the Jordanian public’s reliance on the Kingdom’s channel to get information about Corona and the reasons for the Jordanian public’s reliance on the Kingdom’s channel to acquire information. - The existence of a positive relationship between the degree of the Jordanian public's reliance on the Kingdom channel to get information about Corona and the cognitive, behavioral and emotional effects that result from the Jordanian public's reliance on the Kingdom channel to get information about the Corona pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to uncover the factors contributing to the reluctance to pursue teaching as a career in Oman from the perspective of students in grades 10-12. The mixed-design approach was used; quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire (n=3455), while qualitative data was collected through focus group interviews (n=253). Results of the questionnaire indicated that the factors contributing to the reluctance to pursue teaching as a career centered on the difficulty of the career, its lack of financial incentives, and its low social status compared to other careers. Focus groups results showed both negative and positive views towards teaching as a career. Difficulties of dealing with a large number of students, the suspension of teacher promotions, the appointment of teachers in distant schools away from their place of residence were reported by the students. In addition, results indicated gender differences in students’ choice of teaching as a career, with males showing more disinterest in the teaching profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the present study explores the impact of prevailed brain dominance styles on some Cognitive and non-cognitive variables among Kuwait University students. The final sample is formed of (290) male and female students from Kuwait university, their ages between (19 -30yrs) with (M=22.7 yrs, SD= 4.7 yrs). The number of male students is (122)with (M= 9, 24 yrs, SD= 5,5 yrs) while the number of female students is (168) with (M= 1,21 yrs, SD= 2,3 yrs). This study includes the following tools: a) The scale of prevailed brain dominance styles. b) The scale of Emotional intelligence. C)The scale of moral thinking. D)The scale of Self efficacy. The consistency and reliability of these scales have been previously measured. The study shows clearly that: 1) A significant differences aren't found among the first experimental group (The right hemisphere dominance), the second group (The left hemisphere dominance), and the third group (The integrated hemisphere dominance) in the total score of emotional intelligence scale and its various dimensions EXCEPT the administration of emotions in favor of the second experimental group (The left hemisphere dominance). 2) A significant difference among the three groups aren't found in the total score of moral thinking scale in favor of the first experimental group (The right hemisphere dominance). 3) A significant difference among the three groups achievement aren't found, 4) and no significant difference are found among them in achievement motivation and its various dimensions .5) Moral thinking is a predictor of prevailed brain dominance styles. 6) A significant difference is found between single and married in the integrated hemisphere dominance in favor of married. 7) A significant difference is found between males and females in the left hemisphere dominance in favor of females 8) while no significant impact of the interaction is found between gender and social status in prevailed brain dominance styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to study the usage practices and methods of care for living room upholstery fabrics among a sample of women in Alexandria and the extent of their knowledge of modern devices for cleaning these fabrics. This study was conducted on a squamous sample of (360) female respondents in Alexandria. Where the data were collected using a questionnaire form in the personal interview, and the study relied on percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, frequency, chi-square, and the simple correlation coefficient of Pearson and Spearman as statistical methods for presenting and discussing research results. The most important results were as follows 1. The respondents prefer dark colors in the fabrics used for the living room at a rate of 58.9%, and it was also found that they prefer the fabric of the living room to be made of velor by 37.5% 2. The low level of the respondents’ practices of use, methods of care and total practices of living room upholstery fabrics, as well as the low level of their knowledge about appropriate care devices 3. It was found that there is a significant correlation relationship at the probabilistic level (0.01) between the total practices (use and methods of care) for the living room upholstery fabrics and both the marital status of the respondents, their educational level, the educational level of the husband, the respondents’ work, their original home and the average household income, where the value of chi-square reached them, respectively (29.06, 83.52, 65.79, 31.85, 31.36, and 33.64 . 4. It was also found that there is a correlation between each of the respondents' knowledge about care devices for upholstery fabrics for living rooms and the social status of the respondents, where the value of the chisquare for them reached 14.22 5. There is a highly significant correlation relationship at 0.01 between the total practices (use and care methods) of the living room upholstery fabrics and their educational level, husband’s educational level, the respondents’ work, their place of origin and average household income, where the correlation coefficient values were 0.401, 0.332, 0.276 and 0 .286 and 0.313, respectively. 6. There was also a significant direct correlation at 0.05 between the total practices (use and care methods) of the living room upholstery fabrics and both the number of family members and the age of the respondents, where the value of the correlation coefficient was 0.114. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims at investigating the relationship between creative thinking and social status among high school students in Jerusalem. A developed version of Torrance Scale of Creative Thinking and a developed scale for social status were implemented. The study sample consisted of 250 secondary stage students. The descriptive approach was used to achieve the study goals. The results revealed that the level of creative thinking among high school students in Jerusalem was high, and that the level of social status was also high. Moreover, the results showed differences in both creative thinking and social status among high school students due to gender; in favor of males. As for schools, private schools were doing better than the public ones. As for the branch, it was in favor of the scientific one. While for students’ achievement, students with academic averages from (65 -85) were in favor; and as for classes, those in favor were the tenth grade. Whereas, the results showed that there were no differences in the social status according to the class. In addition, the results showed a significant correlation between creative thinking and social status among high school students in the city of Jerusalem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to determine the levels of psychological problems as fear of COVID-19, depression, loneliness, and psychological stresses in Egypt society. Method: Sample included 212 (M=33.44, SD=11.55), sex 62 (29.2%) male and 150 (70.8%) female, and social status 79 (37.3%) non-married and 133 (62.7%) married. The study depended on checklist included 8 psychological problems (α= 0.87). Data were analyzed by Descriptive statistics and bootstrap T. Results: the result revealed that 74.62% of respondents reported moderate to high fear of covid-19, 59.4% reported moderate to high psychological stresses, 60.4% reported moderate to high boredom and distress, 45.3% moderate to high frustration, and 52.4% moderate to high loneliness, 87.2% reported moderate to high the family anxiety. There are significant differences between male and female on the most psychological problems for except the loneliness. Conclusion: The findings would need to be verified in large and different populations in Egypt society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is no doubt that cities that are distinguished by their commercial activity must establish houses in which travelers and merchants meet, providing them with everything they need and their animals to eat, drink and rest, these houses have been called many names, the most important of which are the khans, and because the city of Kirkuk is one of the commercial cities since the antiquity included many commercial caravanserais, especially in the late Ottoman era, and these khans were among the reasons for its commercial and agricultural renaissance, as well as an architectural façade, they were not just places to sleep, but also commercial centers where commercial deals were concluded, and at nights a scene of meeting merchants coming from distant countries They are talking about the social and cultural status of their countries. The number of Kirkuk khans amounted to about 21 khans, some of which have disappeared, and the other part has remained distinct to this day characterized by an architectural facade that indicates the history of the city and its cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the characteristics, consequences, and the future of illegal migration for Egyptians to Europe. It used data obtained from the researcher’s fieldwork carried out in 2015 on the areas of origin and multiple official government data. Moreover, the study revealed that there is a clear selectivity for young males who belong to large families, illegal migration rates are high among those who are educated, unemployed, and never married in Europe.; in Europe. Egyptian migrants engage in five main occupations (Sales occupations, Services occupations, Agriculture, Hunting, Industrial and chemical operations, and The food and engineering industries that are essential to help). Additionally, this migration has some negative economic impacts on the Egyptian society, rural areas, and migrants themselves; but its positive economic impacts are limited to emigrant and his family. Besides, it has some negative social impacts such as losing the head of the family, weakening the family ties, increasing wife responsibilities; but the positive social impacts include the change of emigrants’ marital status and improving emigrant social position. Moreover, the security impacts of emigration include arresting emigrants, human trafficking, and contributing to the rise of crime rates in Europe. On the other hand, the geographical impacts are contributing to the sprawl of settlement on agricultural land, horizontal rapid settlement growth, and the morphological change of Egypt’s countryside. Moreover, in the case of the future of this emigration, it is estimated that the annual average of emigrants will be six thousand in the next years. This migration can be reduced through effective cooperation between the North and the South countries of the Mediterranean, benefiting from the experiences of development in other countries, completing Egypt’s major projects, and establishing the new development of the new project, as well as, the state will complete major projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aimed to determine the levels of quality of life and also examine the contribution of psychological resilience for prediction quality of life During Covid-19 panademic. Survey and correlation study was conducted to 442 participant among Egyptian community; Sex, Male 63(14.3%) and Female= 379(85.7%); age (M=27.19, SD = 9.82); the educational level, 10 (2.3%) elementary level, 13 (2.9%) middle school level, 12 (2.7%) high school level, 337 (76.2%) undergraduate level, 60 (13.6%) postgraduate level, 10 (2.2%) master and PhD level; social status, marriage 115(26.0%), non-marriage 327(74%). The scales were used; quality of life (α=0.91) and psychological resilience (α=0.86). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and simple regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data. Results revealed high levels of quality of life; The psychological resilience predicted quality of life (β=0.533 ) and explained variance (28.2%) in quality of life so resilience has positive effect on quality of life. significance, limitations, and recommendations of the study are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is mainly aiming to study Rural youth Attitudes Toward Agricultural Work And participate in Rural environment services activities, this will be achieved through the following objectives: 1. Studying some socio, economic, psychological and communication variables of the researched rural youth. 2. Identifying studied rural youth attitudes Toward Agricultural Work. 3. Identifying studied rural youth participate in Rural environment services activities. 4. Identifying the variables correlated and Affecting with the rural youth Attitudes Toward Agricultural Work and participate in Rural environment services activities. Data was collected using a questionnaire through personal interview for a random sample of 150 subjects, the study used number of statistical methods including percentages, means, frequencies, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, simple correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The most important results are summarized as follows: • About (47.1%) of the variance in the rural youth Attitudes Toward Agricultural Work can be explained by (5) independent variables " immigration Readiness (28.6%), Perceived work opportunities (6.9%), Family belonging (4.4%), Possession of agricultural land (4.4%), and perceive village problems (2.8%)". • About (75.9%) of the variance in the rural youth Attitudes Toward participate in activities to preserve the rural environment can be explained by (6) independent variables "Educational level (41.1), Family belonging (23.0%), social family position (5.6%), respondent's age (4.0%), Possession of farm animals (1.3%), and Number of Family Members (0.9%)". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to identify the problems of homework faced by deaf and hard of hearing children, and to compare the gravity of homework problems between the two categories. In addition, the study sought to identify the impact of age, social status, financial status and level of education of parents on homework problems, and the effect of children’s age and case improvement as key variables. The study is significant as it provides female teachers with modern methods for their hearing-impaired preschoolers, through a bi-lingual / bi-cultural model of early intervention to develop activity management for deaf and hard-of-hearing children. The study employed the following research tools: homework problems checklist, and Parent Satisfaction scale. The study sample consisted of (30) kindergarten female teachers, and (410) parents. The results found that there is a significant difference in the level of occurrence of homework problems among children according to the personal variables of parents, age, social status, financial status, and educational level. There is a statistically significant difference in the level of occurrence of homework problems according to the following variables: child's ability, health status, and continuity of treatment. In light of the results, the study emphasized the importance of further pre-and in-service training and induction programs for kindergarten teachers, that focus on early intervention practices used in deaf children to increase the level of their experiences and perceptions, especially as the current strategies rely on technical activities and suffer from a clear deficiency. The study proposed a suggested alternative framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 60s of the last century, Yemen has faced the consequences of rapid urbanization, which has led to the emergence of the phenomenon of haphazard human settlements around the major cities. This research tackles the concept of haphazard housing, its classification, the reasons for its spread in general and the approaches of dealing with it. It also highlights one of the slums in the city of Al-Mukalla in Hadramout Governorate as a special case study wherein the urban and architectural situation is analyzed in addition to identifying the economic and social status of the segment of the residents. In order to document all aspects related to thye completion and construction of the houses, it has been relied on field tours and surveys, as well as direct conversations with the beneficiaries to observe cases of the present situation. This served as well to assess existing designs and to study the actual use of the architectural and urban realm by the relevant social segment. In addition, multiple-target questionnaires have been adopted to complete the observation of the current state with all its material and social data to come up with the results related to the theoretical and practical study. This research concludes with drafting some recommendations that have been reached to achieve the aims of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research {Prophesying Yemen future in light of divinatory traditions (Sunnah)} Studies an important issue embodied in highlighting the future vision of that country – Yemen - through comprehensive induction of the traditions and sayings of prophet Mohammed Sallahu Alyhee Wassalem - "peace be upon him" that forecast the future of this country where I made as much effort to interpret, direct and articulate them as I could. I started my research with preliminary introduction followed by five chapters and conclusion. The first chapter covers the definitions of the research entries ( outlook – Sunnah (prophetic traditions) – Yemen). The second chapter talks about the future in light of Islamic perspective. The third chapter includes resources of predicting the future. Yemen and the social position of Yemenis is covered in the fourth chapter. The fifth chapter sheds light on prophesying Yemen future in light of divinatory traditions (Sunnah). The conclusion is made up of results and recommendations. In brief, Yemen is the land of supply for Islam and Muslims in the past, present and the future. It is also the land of relief and peaceful settlement for them. The land of Arabs – Yemen is part of it – is going to be meadows and rivers and in light of that we are supposed to send a message of peace and tranquility telling them to be optimistic, full of hope and sure enough of the prophet's promise that this land is the future. It's been given many great merits and its people are good. There are important fact and outcomes proved by the research telling that planning, looking forward to the future in our religion is not surmise or clinging on guessing or fabrications. However, it is applying studied past and current present data in order to prophesize its requirements. Furthermore, clarifying and understanding prophesizing and future planning need greater deep thinking guided by divine text. Finally, if I did well, it was from Allah (God). If not, I pray to Allah not to prevent me from the reward of those who try. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined post-graduate education students’ attitudes towards gender equality. It also explored the factors that influenced their formation, in addition to studying the differences in attitudes due to gender and social status. A mixed design was used. Quantitative data were collected from a random sample of 168 students using a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. The qualitative data were collected from three focus groups with six students each. The findings showed high awareness of women's rights in areas related to family, social and political matters. Female and unmarried students showed attitudes that are more positive. Results indicated that there are factors that influence the formation of students' attitude including family, culture, education, personal and life experiences. Recommendations highlighted the importance of raising the awareness of the community towards the Islamic perspective of the rights and obligations of women and men in addition to linking this to the international humanitranian right laws and agreements, and to issue the necessary policies and laws support their implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 60s of the last century, Yemen has faced the consequences of rapid urbanization, which has led to the emergence of the phenomenon of haphazard human settlements around the major cities. This research tackles the concept of haphazard housing, its classification, the reasons for its spread in general and the approaches of dealing with it. It also highlights one of the slums in the city of Al-Mukalla in Hadramout Governorate as a special case study wherein the urban and architectural situation is analyzed in addition to identifying the economic and social status of the segment of the residents. In order to document all aspects related to thye completion and construction of the houses, it has been relied on field tours and surveys, as well as direct conversations with the beneficiaries to observe cases of the present situation. This served as well to assess existing designs and to study the actual use of the architectural and urban realm by the relevant social segment. In addition, multiple-target questionnaires have been adopted to complete the observation of the current state with all its material and social data to come up with the results related to the theoretical and practical study. This research concludes with drafting some recommendations that have been reached to achieve the aims of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research {Prophesying Yemen future in light of divinatory traditions (Sunnah)} Studies an important issue embodied in highlighting the future vision of that country - Yemen - through comprehensive induction of the traditions and sayings of prophet Mohammed Sallahu Alyhee Wassalem - "peace be upon him" that forecast the future of this country where I made as much effort to interpret, direct and articulate them as I could. I started my research with preliminary introduction followed by five chapters and conclusion. The first chapter covers the definitions of the research entries ( outlook - Sunnah (prophetic traditions) - Yemen). The second chapter talks about the future in light of Islamic perspective. The third chapter includes resources of predicting the future. Yemen and the social position of Yemenis is covered in the fourth chapter. The fifth chapter sheds light on prophesying Yemen future in light of divinatory traditions (Sunnah). The conclusion is made up of results and recommendations. In brief, Yemen is the land of supply for Islam and Muslims in the past, present and the future. It is also the land of relief and peaceful settlement for them. The land of Arabs - Yemen is part of it - is going to be meadows and rivers and in light of that we are supposed to send a message of peace and tranquility telling them to be optimistic, full of hope and sure enough of the prophet's promise that this land is the future. It's been given many great merits and its people are good. There are important fact and outcomes proved by the research telling that planning, looking forward to the future in our religion is not surmise or clinging on guessing or fabrications. However, it is applying studied past and current present data in order to prophesize its requirements. Furthermore, clarifying and understanding prophesizing and future planning need greater deep thinking guided by divine text. Finally, if I did well, it was from Allah (God). If not, I pray to Allah not to prevent me from the reward of those who try. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the women who played a prominent role in the ancient history and culture of Iran and Islam is Fatima Umm Ali (died about 250 AH), the wife of Ahmad ibn Khidrawayh (died 240 AH), a mystic and Fata (cavalier) of the third century AH. Scattered information is available about the life of this educated woman. However, considering that her name has always been mentioned in the hagiographies along with her spouse’s name, it is possible to obtain a description of her opinions and words by collecting data, to show and praise her efforts to find a worthy place in Sufism and Islamic chivalry. The author of the present study has tried to reveal the hidden historical facts by analyzing the discourses in the era of Fatima, in addition to depicting her role in supporting or overthrowing those discourses. Using Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of Multiple Capitals, it can be proved that Fatima Umm Ali, the daughter of one of the noble families of Balkh, tried to provide an appropriate cultural capital by relying on economic and symbolic capitals. Moreover, by entering the Sufi discourse and Fetyan (chivalries), she was able to achieve the social capital and status she deserved. She has also been able to stand against the patriarchal discourse of her time by entering the circles of Sufism and Ahl al-Futuwwa (chivalries) and marginalizing the anti-feminist attitudes. The method of this research in the central part of the article was the method of historical research. In that section, sources about the life, conditions, and works of Umm Ali have been investigated. The research method in the other part of the study was descriptive-analytical and Pierre Bourdieu’s Theory of Capital and Walters’s Feminism have been used in the theoretical framework of this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aims to identify the reality of the social status of the teacher from the point of view of high school teachers in the capital governate of the state of Kuwait, and to specify the statistically significant differences in sample viewpoints toward the social status of teacher in terms of sex, citizenship, and specialization. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach through applying a questionnaire on a random sample of (226) high school teachers. The most important results are that the social status of teacher is high in the social, low in the economic and importance and social appreciation parts, and moderate in the total degree. In addition, the study indicated that there are statistically significant differences from sample view points toward the economic and importance and social appreciation parts and in the total degree according to sex variable in favour of female, and statistically significant differences in all parts and total degree according to citizenship variable in favour of Kuwaiti teachers. Furthermore, there are no statistically significant differences from the sample viewpoint toward all parts and the total degree of the social status of teacher according to specialization variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sectarianism in Iraq is one of the main obstacles that stand in the way of social homogeneity and national consensus. The recent crisis after the US invasion caused many repercussions not only on the political, strategic, security and economic levels but also on the intellectual and analytical levels. But these studies have remained rare in the religious, sectarian and sectarian dimensions and the role played by this dimension in the disintegration of Iraqi society. The study assumes that there is a relationship between sectarian affiliations and sectarian tendencies and the politicization of these affiliations and tendencies by political parties and parties and the political stability of Iraq and the repercussions of those processes on the social reality and the social fabric. The historical sectarianism is inherent in Iraqi society, which created a state of internal political instability in the fabric of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to demonstrate the social and psychological problems of poor women regarding her social status, future prospects, ways of raising her children and gender - related problems. The study also aimed to identify the impact of qualitative variables in the problems faced by poor women. The study sample consisted of (136) poor women by (3.8%) of the female beneficiaries of the National Aid Fund. The sample has been chosen randomly. Descriptive statistics, (ANOVA) multi-way analysis of variance, and the application of simple regression analysis have been used to reach crucial results: poor women suffers from social and psychological problems related to her social status, her feeling of inferiority and the condescending view of others, and her withdrawal from situations that require here presence. The study also noted that there are a number of challenges for the poor woman regarding her future prospects that stands as a barrier to achieving what she wants not forgetting her inability to plan for her future, and her pessimistic future out look and her concern of thinking from borrowing while establishing a project, she also suffers from problems with educating her children and raising them properly and securing their physical, emotional psychological needs. In addition, she suffers from her dependence on her male children in her daily life and her inability to overcome the difficulties as men do. The results of the study also showed the presence of statistically significant relationships between marital status, educational level, age and problems regarding future prospects for poor woman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Job stress, the most important factor in reducing organizational productivity and the cause of psychosomatic disorders, today is more prevalent among the healthcare staff. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the level of job stress among the nursing staff of Kashan hospitals during 2009. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 190 nurses of Kashan hospitals using the Osipow questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic data and six stress-inducing work roles (role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, role boundary, responsibility and physical environment). In addition, job stress was divided into four (subnormal, normal, moderate and severe) levels. Results: Results indicated that the 95.3% of nursing staff were found to have a normal level of job stress. No significant relationship was seen between the job stress and gender; however, there was a significant relation between the role insufficiency, role boundary, responsibility and physical environment and gender. Moreover, no significant relationship was found between the job stress and some factors (e.g. age, education, marital status, income and type of hospital). The most frequent job stressors among the men and women were responsibility (90.2%) and role ambiguity (40.9%), respectively. Conclusion: Role ambiguity, responsibility and workload are the major sources of stress among the nursing staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Researchers have focused on obesity as a multidimensional phenomenon and its incidence may be affected by some biological, cultural and social factors. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between obesity, physical activity and socioeconomic status among girl students living in northern Tehran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, 488 elementary students (7-11 years) were randomly selected from elementary schools in northern Tehran (Shemiranat district). The waist and hip circumferences, height and weight of subjects were measured using the standard methods. Body mass index (BMI) percentage was calculated through CDC2000. Nicolas Barbosa questionnaire consisting students' demographic information and the physical activity levels were completed by subjects. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation. Results: While a negative correlation was detected between BMI and physical activity (P<0.025), there was a significant correlation between socioeconomic status and BMI (P<0.013) and between socioeconomic status and physical activity (P=0.001). Conclusion: Considering the importance of daily physical activity in the prevention of obesity among children, it is highly recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Breast carcinoma is the most common type of cancer in women. It has been estimated that 8-9 percent of all women will develop breast cancer during their lifespan. According to The Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the incidence of breast cancer in Iran has risen between 1984 and 1988 and the current mortality rate from this kind of cancer ranks fifth in the country. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 110 patients with breast cancer (ages 20-60 yrs) were compared with a similar number of age- and sex-matched women hospitalized for other reasons. Cases were women with histologically confirmed in situ or invasive breast cancer diagnosed no more than 1 year before the interview and with no previous diagnosis of cancer at other sites. Controls were drawn from either patient relatives or from women with no history of cancer admitted to Imam Hospital for acute, non-neoplastic, non-gynecologic conditions unrelated to hormonal or digestive tract disease or to long-term diet modifications. We calculated odds ratios and performed Mantel- Haenzel as well as logistic regression tests to control for potential confounding factors. Results: Odds ratios [with 95% confidence intervals] for total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and cholesterol were 1.97 [1.062-3.67], 1.19 [0.64-2.14], 2.2 [1.17-4.13], 4.11 [2.2-7.65] and 0.45 [0.25-0.83], respectively. After adjusting for energy, macronutrients, weight, age at first full-term pregnancy and the socioeconomic status, it emerged that the intake of PUFA (OR=6.38 and 95%CI: 1.95-20.83) had a positive association with breast cancer while cholesterol (OR=0.22 and 95%CI: 0.09-0.55) showed a negative relationship, though the latter finding only applies to menopaused women. Conclusion: Undoubtedly, dietary factors involved in the etiology of breast cancer take many years to cause any pathologic changes in any organ. Nonetheless, one-year frequency of lipid intake is a good measure of individual's dietary habit throughout his/her adult life. Based on this, the present study suggests that increased PUFA intake- probably due to its high pro-oxidant potential- can be considered as a key factor in the rising incidence of breast cancer in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]