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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to shed light on the underlying concept of giving in the perspective of Islam. Methodologically, this study employs qualitative systematic data processing approach. The conceptual framework is developed from the Quran, Hadith, and the story of the Prophet and his companions. This study also refers to a conventional theory such as Altruism, Socially Consumer Behaviour, and Social Exchange Theory. Several previous empirical studies were also recorded to support the proposition. This study proposes four variables that might influence people to give, namely, targhîb, tarhîb, ihsân and ikhwah. By realizing many other factors that may influence the giving behaviour, this study only focuses on the Islamic religious perspective. This article also brought opportunities to investigate conceptually and empirically other factors that could affect giving behaviour. To the best of the author’s information, there is only a small number of studies that have been done concerning the influence of religion towards giving behaviour. And it is at his juncture the novelty of this study lies.Abstrak: Penelitian ini berupaya menjelaskan konsep dasar dari “memberi” dalam perspektif Islam. Secara metodologis, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan pemrosesan data sistematis kualitatif. Kerangka konsep dikembangkan dari al-Qur’an, Hadis, dan kisah atau atsâr para sahabat Nabi Muhammad SAW. Kajian ini juga merujuk kepada teori konvensional seperti Altruism, Socially Consumer Behavior, dan teori Social Exchange. Beberapa kajian empirik sebelumnya juga dirujuk untuk mendukung proposisi tersebut. Penelitian ini mengemukakan empat variabel yang mungkin memengaruhi manusia untuk memberi, yaitu, targhîb, tarhîb, ihsân dan ikhwah. Dengan menyadari faktor-faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku memberi, penelitian ini hanya berfokus pada perspektif agama Islam. Artikel ini juga membawa peluang untuk menyelidiki secara konseptual dan empiris berbagai faktor lain yang dapat memengaruhi perilaku memberi. Sejauh pengetahuan penulis, hanya ada sejumlah kecil studi yang telah dilakukan mengenai pengaruh agama terhadap perilaku memberi. Di sinilah letak kebaruan dari penelitian ini.Keywords: giving, Islamic charity, targhîb, tarhîb, ihsân, ikhwah

Perbezaan pemikiran, kefahaman dan interpretasi undang-undang serta kesan daripada perkahwinan di bawah umur membawa kepada perbahasan dalam kalangan masyarakat di Malaysia. Meskipun wujud had umur minimum yang diperuntukkan, namun undang-undang tersebut dilihat tidak relevan untuk diaplikasikan pada masa kini merujuk kepada implikasi perkahwinan di bawah umur yang lebih memberi kemudaratan kepada kanak-kanak terutamanya dari sudut kesihatan dan pendidikan. Jesteru itu, artikel ini akan membincangkan kedudukan perkahwinan kanak-kanak menurut perspektif Syariah dan perundangan di Malaysia. Artikel ini turut membincangkan kedudukan perkahwinan kanak-kanak di bawah Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan (SDGs) serta implikasi perkahwinan tersebut kepada diri kanak-kanak dari sudut hak kesihatan dan pendidikan. Metodologi kajian kualitatif iaitu kajian perpustakaan digunakan dengan menganalisis dokumen primer dan sekunder seperti kitab turath, Akta dan Enakmen Negeri-Negeri serta penulisan akademik di dalam jurnal. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa wujudnya peruntukan berkaitan perkahwinan kanak-kanak di bawah umur namun perincian secara jelas dan spesifik mengenai alasan dan faktor yang perlu diambil kira dalam memberikan kebenaran bagi perkahwinan tersebut tidak dinyatakan. Selain itu, artikel ini juga mendapati wujudnya implikasi negatif terhadap hak kesihatan dan hak pendidikan kanak-kanak hasil perkahwinan di bawah umur. Maka, artikel ini mencadangkan supaya pemurnian peruntukan sedia ada dan peningkatan kesedaran masyarakat tentang perkahwinan di bawah umur melalui pendidikan perlu di lakukan demi menjaga kemaslahatan kanak-kanak.

قمنا في هذا البحث بدراسة حالات الليشمانيا الجلدية التي راجعت قسم الأمراض الجلدية في مشفى تشرين الجامعي باللاذقية والمراكز التخصصية لليشمانيا والأمراض الطفيلية في محافظتي اللاذقية وطرطوس من بداية شهر نيسان 2018 حتى نهاية شهر نيسان 2020. حيث ينتشر داء الليشمانيا في ثمانٍ وثمانين دولة من دول العالم ومنها الجمهوريـة العربيـة الـسورية، ويسبب هذا الداء طفيلي وحيد خلية من جنس الليشمانيا، وينتمي لهذا الجنس حوالي اثنين وعشرين نوعاً ممرضاً للإنسان. يعرف لهذا الداء ثلاثة أشكال سريرية هي الليشمانيا الجلدية والليشمانيا الجلدية المخاطية والليشمانيا الحشوية. وقد طﹸورت مجموعة من طرائق التشخيص وتحديد نوع الطفيلي بهدف إعطاء العلاج المناسب وتوجيه طرق الوقاية من الإصابة، تتضمن التحليل الايزوانزيمي والطرائق المصلية المناعية وتقانات تهجين DNA. وتعتبر تقنيـة التفاعـل السلسلي للبوليميراز PCR التي تعتمد إما على DNA الجينومي أو DNA الكينيتوبلاستي من أهم الطرائـق الجزيئية المعتمدة حالياً في تشخيص هذا الداء ومعرفة نوع الطفيلي المسبب وأدقها. قمنا في هذا العمل باستفراد DNA من عينات مأخوذة من أفراد مـصابين بـداء الليـشمانيا الجلدية ومثبتة على شرائح زجاجية تستخدم في الفحص المجهري المباشر. وِاِستخدم DNA الكينيتوبلاستي لتحديد نوع الطفيلـي باسـتخدام تقنيـة PCR؛ وذلك بوجود مشارع نوعية تضخم شدفاً ذات أطوال مختلفة مميزة لنوع الطفيلي. وقد تبـين أن جميع العينات المدروسة هي من نوع الليشمانيا المدارية L. tropica.

تم من خلال هذا البحث دراسة الحالات التي راجعت قسم الأمراض الجلدية في مشفى تشرين الجامعي باللاذقية والمراكز التخصصية لليشمانيا والأمراض الطفيلية في محافظتي اللاذقية و طرطوس من بداية شهر نيسان 2018 حتى نهاية شهر كانون الأول 2019. حيث تعد سورية من المناطق الموبوءة بالليشمانيا الجلدية، إذ لاحظنا في السنوات الأخيرة تزايد عدد الإصابات الجلدية بشكل كبير في المحافظات السورية جميعها، مما جعل من داء الليشمانيات مشكلة صحية هامة تستدعي الدراسة. بهدف عزل وتحديد نوع وسلالات الطفيلي المسؤول عن الإصابات الجلدية في سورية، وذلك من أجل وضع خطة لمكافحة هذا المرض والحد من انتشاره. تعد طرق الفحص المجهري والزرع المعيار الذهبي في تشخيص الليشمانيا الجلدية، خاصة في المناطق الفقيرة التي ينتشر فيها هذا الداء. من خلال هذه الدراسة تبين أن الفئة العمرية الأكثر تعرضاً للإصابة هي بين 16-40 سنة وأن أعلى نسبة اصابة كانت لدى الذكور. وبالنسبة لتوزع الآفات الجلدية فقد سجلت أعلى نسبة على الوجه والأطراف العلوية والسفلية.

Background and objective: Facial scarring resulting from acne is a common cosmetic concern. Various modalities have been used to treat scars, but limited efficacy and problematic side effects have restricted their application .Fractional co2 laser is one of the modern methods of skin resurfacing , and this study aimed to assess the efficacy of this method in treating facial atrophic acne scars. Patients and methods: Thirty participants with facial atrophic acne scars, 17 female and 13 male, underwent to three treatment sessions with fractional co2 laser , at 4-6 week intervals. Treatment energy parameters were increased every session about 10 watt. Improvement of acne scarring was evaluated using ECCA Grading Scale before the first session and three months after the last session. We also evaluated resulting side effects after every session. Results: The mean ECCA score was 126.5 ± 30.6 before the first session and became 70.3 ± 27.5 three months after the last session . 86.6% and 33.3% of patients have got more than 25% and 50% improvement respectively. The best result was seen in boxcar type. Post inflammatory hyper pigmentation was the most frequent side effect . Conclusion: Fractional co2 laser is an effective and safe therapy for facial atrophic acne scars especially boxcar type. المقدمة : تعتبر الندب العدية أشيع اختلاطات العد الشائع ، وعلى الرغم من كثرة الوسائل المتاحة لعلاجها إلا أنه لا يوجد حتى الآن وسيلة تحقق الحل الأمثل . يعد ليزر co2 المجزأ من التقنيات الحديثة المستخدمة لتمليس الوجه وهدفنا في هذا البحث دراسة فعالية هذه التقنية في علاج الندبات العدية الضمورية التي تصيب الوجه . المواد وطرائق البحث: ضمت الدراسة 30 مريضاً (13ذكور – 17إناث) . خضعوا لثلاث جلسات علاجية بليزرco2 المجزأ بفاصل 4-6أسابيع بين الجلسات و باستخدام قيم طاقية متزايدة حوالي 10 واط كل جلسة. تمت دراسة درجة التحسن لدى كل مريض باستخدام مقياس ECCA قبل البدء بالعلاج وبعد ثلاثة أشهر من الجلسة الاخيرة . كما تم تقييم الآثار الجانبية الحاصلة بعد كل جلسة. النتائج: انخفضت قيمة متوسط مقياس ECCA بعد العلاج بمقدار 44.4% عن قيمته قبل العلاج .حقق 86,6% و 33,3% من المرضى درجات تحسن فوق 25% و 50% على التوالي . وُجدت أفضل النتائج في ندب صندوق السيارة . كان فرط التصبغ أشيع الآثار الجانبية وارتبط حدوثه بالتعرض للشمس . الخاتمة: ليزر co2 المجزأ وسيلة فعالة وآمنة لعلاج الندبات العدية الضمورية التي تصيب الوجه وبشكل خاص تلك المسماة ندب صندوق السيارة .

تتجه هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل كتابين من الكتب التي وصلتنا عن أبي يوسف يعقوب بن إبراهيم الأنصاري (113-182/731-798) تلميذ أبي حنيفة النعمان (80-150/699-767)، -وهما كتاب اختلاف أبي حنيفة وابن أبي ليلى، وكتاب الرد على سير الأوزاعي -، تحليلا كميا كيفيا. ولا يخفى أن علاقة أبي يوسف مع الأوزاعي (88-157/707-774) هي من جنس الخلاف العالي باعتباره قريبا من مدرسة الحديث. وأن علاقته مع ابن أبي ليلى (74-148/693-765) هي من جنس الخلاف النازل باعتباره قريبا من مدرسة الرأي. وأما عن أسئلة الدراسة فأهمها: كيف تعامل أبو يوسف في كتابيه مع سؤال توثيق السنة؟ وهل احتجَّ أبو يوسف بمنهج المحدثين في التصحيح؟ وهل هناك فروق منهجية في جدله مع كل من الأوزاعي وابن أبي ليلى؟ وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن الحجية عند أبي يوسف هي للعمل قبل الرواية، وأن التوثيق يكون برواية الفقهاء لا الحفاظ فحسب. وقد وجَّهنا استخدامه لمصطلح ثقات في كتبه إلى الفقهاء الثقات لا الرواة الثقاة. وأوضحت الدراسة أن هناك فارقا كبيرا بين منهجية أبي يوسف في الرد على الأوزاعي باعتباره من أهل الحديث، وبين منهجيته في الرد على ابن أبي ليلى باعتباره من أهل الرأي، فإنه ما كان يتوسع في حشد الأدلة الحديثية وفي توثيقها مع ابن أبي ليلى بقدر تركيزه على فهمها وتأويلها لأن الخلاف معه خلاف نازل. ولكنه في الخلاف العالي مع الأوزاعي فإنه كان يهتم بإيراد الأحاديث وبجودة أسانيدها باعتبارها حجة ملزمة للطرف الآخر.

This research aims to develop Arabic reading skills learning media based on Role Playing Games. This research discusses efforts to increase interest and motivation in reading and understanding Arabic texts among students. This study applies the ADDIE model in the development of Role Playing Games-based learning media in MAN 1 Bogor in the Gaza semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The Media Role Playing Games developed have been validated by media, language, and material experts. The validation results showed that this medium was very good, with a percentage of 97% of media experts, 86% of linguists, and 98% of material experts. In addition, the response from teachers also showed positive results with a percentage of 95%. User tests of students also gave satisfactory results, with one-on-one tests obtaining 86%, small group tests 94%, and large group tests 89%. Based on the results of validation and user tests, it can be concluded that the learning media of Arabic reading skills based on Role Playing Games is very feasible to use for grade XI MAN students. In addition, student responses show that this Arabic-based Role Playing Games media is interesting, easy to use, and can be accessed and played for free on smartphones.

لقد تم في هذا البحث دراسة وتحليل حقل التدفق حول بدن نموذج سفينة الحاويات KCS من خلال استخدام تقنية CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). تم استخدام كل من طريقة الـ URANS (Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) وموديل الاضطراب k-ω SST والمتوفرة ضمن برنامج الـ Ansys لحل معادلات نافييه ستوكس الناظمة للتدفق. تم حساب مقاومة 9 نماذج مختلفة لسفينة الحاويات KCS مع مُقدمة بصلية مع قيم مختلفة لكل من طول وعرض المقدمة البصلية وتثبيت كل الأبعاد الهندسية للسفينة، حيث تم في بادئ الأمر التأكد من جودة الحل الرقمي من خلال مقارنة النتائج الرقمية لكل من المقاومة وحقول الضغط والسرعة حول بدن السفينة عند حركتها للأمام مباشرة مع النتائج التجريبية المتوفرة. بعد ذلك تم مناقشة وتحليل تأثير تغيير بارامترات المقدمة البصلية على كل من مقاومة الضغط واللزوجة وحقل الأمواج والضغط، ليتم التوصل في النهاية إلى دراسة وتحليل تأثير البارامترات الهندسية للمقدمة البصلية على مقاومة السفينة

This study aimed to investigate the views of final year students of Department Languages ​​and Translation at Taibah University regarding the skills required for professional success through the needs analysis approach. This study investigated the perspectives of 100 final year translation and interpretation students at Taibah University in Saudi Arabia regarding the professional competencies needed for career success. A 21-item Likert-scale needs analysis questionnaire captured students' views. The results showed that students showed high agreement on the skill importance (M=4.55). The results showed that students at high level considered the sufficiently of current translation approach (M=3.72). Students also highly agreed on the existed substantial barriers with 3.78. Finally, students reported with very high rate (4.2) about the necessity of making changing in the curriculum practices. The study recommends aligning efforts with competency priorities reported by students promises continuously optimized outcomes. Recurring assessment input as stakeholders informs responsive planning per evolving needs amidst global demands. This methodology elevates student perspectives to guide curriculum improvements towards employer-relevant skill-building.

The study claims that the status of ṣaḥīḥ albuḳārī came gradually after a long review of the integrity of its narrators and the authenticity of its narrations. It claims that attirmiḏī in his collection represented one of the early reviews of the rulings of his šayḳ albuḳārī, as he included many hadiths of Sahih in his collection and then ruled them as not full-authentic ḥadīṯ. The study chose as its field the ḥadīṯs that attirmiḏī ruled to be authentic and were among those that albuḳārī narrated. It first investigated the implications of this term and concluded that it indicates a rank that is at the lowest level of authenticity, which is less than absolute authenticity. It showed that this is due to an influential difference that occurred in the chain of transmission of the ḥadīṯ or its text. The study took this term as an introduction to understanding the reasons for attirmiḏī's descent of those ḥadīṯs from the rank of authenticity, and then compared the chain of transmission of attirmiḏī and albuḳārī to ensure that the aforementioned defect is present in both of them and is not specific to the chain of transmission of attirmiḏī. It also took the chapters of purity in attirmiḏī's collection as an applied field to track these hadiths. The study concluded by proving that attirmiḏī was an independent critical hadith scholar in his choices, and that he subjected several ṣaḥīḥ ḥadīṯs to review, and stated his opinion in them with complete honesty and accuracy. The study did not focus on comparing the choices of albuḳārī and attirmiḏī, but rather focused on proving that review, and that albuḳārī's status has been proven objectively and with the passage of time and study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Faculty of Divinity of Ankara University / Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to identify the perceptions of Arabic language students and teachers about using literary texts in the study of Arabic Syntax. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher relied on the analytical approach with the qualitative approach, which collected data using semi-structured interviews with eight students specializing in Arabic and four Arabic language teachers at Perlis Islamic University College (KUIPs) Malaysia. The audio data is transferred to the written text and encoded manually. One of the most important findings of the research is that the students agreed that the employment of literary texts in the study of Arabic grammar helps them practice the language daily through the methods used and master the Arabic grammar by parsing words correctly, and this differs from using ordinary texts because they did not feel enthusiastic and fun while studying Arabic Syntax. Teachers also agreed that employing literary texts in the process of teaching Arabic Syntax helps students to know the correct style of Arabic, as most of the literary language is an eloquent language, and that employing literary texts with examples selected from prose texts and poetic texts, all of which are familiar and usual for students specializing in Arabic language and literature. Based on this, teachers should pay attention to choosing appropriate literary materials, such as short stories, when teaching Arabic Syntax to ensure that students understand the rules better and practice them on the ground. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Social Resources is the property of Journal of Academic Social Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The strength of the relationship between the mother and the child and the mother's personality traits are important in determining the effects on the child's emotional and behavioral health. This study aims to know the effect of the relationship between the mother and the child and the mother's personality traits (extroversion, mastery, acceptance, open-mindedness, and neuroticism) on the child's emotional well-being. Behavioral data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of four sections from a sample of 300 mothers. The results showed that the nature of the relationship between the mother and her child has a significant impact on the child's emotional and behavioral state, so that if the relationship is close between the mother and her child, it positively affects the child's emotional and behavioral state, and if the relationship is distant and weak between the mother and her child, it increases the emotional and behavioral disorders in the Child. The results also showed that some of the mother's personality traits reduce emotional and behavioral disorders in the child, such as the attitude of acceptance and the trait of open-mindedness. The results also showed that the mother's employment status was not statistically significant with the child's emotional and mental health. The study recommended many recommendations, the most important of which is that the child's emotional and behavioral health in the future be judged by collecting information from all sources surrounding the child, including the children themselves, their parents, and their teachers, in order to obtain more accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Çukurova Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (CUIFD) is the property of Cukurova Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (CUIFD) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jordan Medical Journal is the property of University of Jordan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The current study aimed to explain the level of academic counseling and its relationship to psychological security and social responsibility among a sample of students at the University of Tabuk, which amounted to (304), including (170) female students and (134) male students. The current research used the descriptive analytical method. The researcher prepared the study tools (academic guidance questionnaire, social responsibility questionnaire, and psychological security questionnaire). The results were that the overall average for academic guidance among students at the University of Tabuk was 3.26, with a standard deviation of 0.97, which indicates average overall performance, and that the overall average for social responsibility was 3.26, with a standard deviation of 0.84, and the overall average for psychological security was 3.56, with a standard deviation of 0.78, which also indicates average performance. Average year . There is a significant positive correlation (beyond 0.01) between the level of academic guidance and social responsibility. There is also a positive correlation between the level of academic counseling and the total score on the psychological security variable at a rate of 0.72, and there is a positive significant relationship with regard to the relationship between the total scores of psychological security and social responsibility at a rate of 0.74 . There is a difference in the relationship between academic guidance and social responsibility depending on the following demographic variables: gender, academic specialization, and academic level. There is a difference between female and male students at the level of the relationship between academic guidance and social responsibility in favor of female students, while at the level of academic specialization, computer specialization was The fundamental difference in the relationship of academic guidance to social responsibility, while the results indicated that there is a relationship between academic guidance and social responsibility at the higher academic levels (seventh and eighth) compared to the lower academic levels, as well as that there is no difference in the association between academic guidance and psychological security according to the following demographic variables: gender, academic major, academic level . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Language & Literature Studies is the property of Turkiye Dil ve Edebiyat Dernegi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article aimed to identify the impact of digital literacy on university education, the most prominent obstacles facing the use of digital literacy in educational institutions, and the models used to invest digital literacy in the educational process. The study adopted the qualitative approach in the analysis, drawing conclusions, and presenting the data in a descriptive framework. Digital literacy is the individuals possess of the skills necessary to reach a goal using digital devices and technologies, in addition to the trends and competencies in using these technologies, which are related to the ability to use computers, mobile phones, smart tablets, social networks, and the Internet, to be more than just recipients--information through these technologies, but also to become evaluators, critics and creators of this information. The study concluded that there are three models for the use of digital literacy in the educational process, which are partial, mixed and total (digital), emphasizing the importance of investing the digital literacy in university education and benefiting from digital tools in line with development, and the need to overcome the obstacles that stand in the way of digital openness in the educational process, while maintaining ethics and scientific controls. Moreover, the study recommended the need to spread digital culture through a practical training curriculum for both teachers and learners, characterized by constant development and renewal with the need to involve learners in the information content industry, so that the educational process goes beyond the perception of traditional communication, sender and receiver, to become a dynamic process that forms a circle integrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the secrets of language and the methods used by Arabs in their speech helps comprehend the intended meaning of the Prophet's words: peace be upon him. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework and proposed strategies and mechanisms for understanding the Prophetic Tradition based on linguistic knowledge. It also seeks to demonstrate the role of the objectives of Arabic grammar in understanding the Prophetic Tradition and introduce modern grammatical theories and their role in understanding the Prophetic Tradition. The research adopted a descriptive-analytical approach, and its findings indicate that understanding the objectives of Arabic grammar assists in comprehending many problematic aspects found in some narrations. The results: the lack of knowledge of the external context of a hadith leads to misconceptions, and the theory of textual grammar contributes to understanding the meanings of the Prophetic Tradition. The indirect style in language also aids in identifying the purpose and intent of the Prophetic Tradition. The researchers recommend conducting serious linguistic studies on linguistic expression and meaning, examining their characteristics and roles in elucidating the legal objectives of the Prophetic text, as they are essential in deducing juristic rulings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura is the property of Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dergiabant is the property of Dergiabant and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Al-Tamaddun is the property of University of Malaya, Department of Islamic History & Civilization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of BAU Journal - Society, Culture & Human Behavior is the property of Beirut Arab University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of BAU Journal - Society, Culture & Human Behavior is the property of Beirut Arab University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article aimed to identify the dominant brain control patterns among female students enrolled in the gymnastics training course and the difference in the level of skill performance of gymnastics and choreography skills among female students according to the pattern of brain control on a sample of 101 female students registered in the gymnastics training course. The researcher used the descriptive approach for its relevance to the subject and objectives of the study. The researcher used statistical treatments (t-test) for independent groups, percentages, and Cronbach's alpha. The study results concluded that the left pattern of brain control is predominant among students enrolled in the gymnastics training course. There are no significant differences in the level of skill performance among the female students enrolled in the gymnastics training course due to the variable of brain control pattern in both gymnastics skills and choreography skills, and the average difference in gymnastics skills in favor of the students with the right style at the expense of the students with the left style, and the average difference in the choreography skills in favor of the students with the left pattern, at the expense of the students with the right pattern. In the study of identifying the pattern of brain mastery among female students before the educational process, the teacher must choose the appropriate teaching methods for each pattern and conduct more studies on the pattern of brain control and its impact on the level of skill performance for the rest of the gymnastics equipment and conducting more studies on the pattern of brain control and its impact on the level of skill performance in other sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Malaysia Journal Syariah & Law is the property of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of attention instructions on kinesthesia of memory, alpha and theta wave changes in professional basketball players. Method: Thirty-six male athletes were randomly assigned into three groups: internal attention, external attention, and control. A quasi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest design including experimental and control groups was applied. In the pre-test, kinesthesia of memory, free throw, and 5- blinded brain waves on baseline were measured. In the acquisition phase, participants performed 20 attempts on the coordination test under four conditions (40-40°, 80-80°, 40-80°, 80-40°). The internal attention group focused on the movement of their limbs while moving, while the external attention group focused on the purpose and angle of movement. The retention test was conducted one day later, and the transfer test was conducted two days after the acquisition test. Results: Practicing a sense of movement showed significant progress. There were also significant interactive effects with the group. The results within each group showed that the effect of training sessions on theta and alpha waves was significant. Conclusion: The results support the constrained action hypothesis and the conscious processing hypothesis, suggesting that external focus requires less attention than internal focus. The non-optimal increase of alpha waves resulting from internal attention led to performance impairment. The decrease in alpha waves also led to increased sensory processing of information and improved performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Accounting & Financial Studies Journal is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article aimed to meet the level of social support provided to the students of gymnastics at the faculty of physical education at Yarmouk University. The study adopted the descriptive-analytic method. A questionnaire was applied on a random sample of (80) male and female students majoring in gymnastics levels (1+2) the results of the study showed that the levels of social support for the students of the faculty of physical education were high, arithmetic means for all levels of social support scale came out with high evaluation degrees. At first place came the field of support from collagens. In second place the field of support from teachers of gymnastics. In third place is the field of support from family. The study revealed that there were no static differences among students in the level of social support. According to the two variables of gender and course level. The study came out with a commendation on raising awareness among students' parents on the importance of providing social support to their sons and daughters morally and financially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Malaysia Journal Syariah & Law is the property of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We are all aware of the feature of our current era, which is the rapid change, the most important of which is the tremendous development in technological progress and the communications revolution, and when talking about international relations and political science in general, we find that it is governed by many theories, ideas, and methods to reach its goals, including future studies, as it has become the focus of most researchers To anticipate the future of the political phenomenon as an important strategic thinking tool, and here this research came to show us the concept, origin, mechanism and methods of work of these studies, The research included the concept of foresight, then delved into the concept of future studies, its foundations, characteristics, tasks, and objectives, to review the nature of its inception and stages of development, and then touched on the methods and techniques of these studies, whether old or modern, and contained a brief passage to the most important schools of these studies and their scholars, to conclude that these Studies have several definitions, as some consider it science, while others consider it art, while others agree that it is science and art at the same time, with unanimous agreement that its main goal is to explore the future to reach the desired, avoid problems before they occur, and correct the decisions of policy makers and international relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]