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【Objective】 This paper aimed to clarify the chronological change in nutrients and fertility of soils grown with tobacco in Honghe prefecture. 【Method】 Total of 296 and 881 tobacco-growing topsoil samples were collected in 2014 and 2018, respectively. Soil fertility indexes and nutrients variation characteristics were evaluated and analyzed based on fuzzy mathematical theory, t-test and multiple comparison.【Result】 Compared with 2014, the average value of soil organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium increased by 2.81 g/kg, 9.61 mg/kg and 16.74 mg/kg, respectively, and soil available boron and exchangeable magnesium decreased by 0.22 mg/kg and 51.69 mg/kg in 2018, respectively. Judging from the variation characteristics of nutrient groups, the group with slightly alkaline (7.5-8.5), the group with very high content (>40 g/kg) of organic matter, the group with moderate content of soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen (100-150 mg/kg), the group with very high content (>350 mg/kg) of available potassium and the group with very low content (<0.3 mg/kg) of soil available boron were significantly higher in 2018 than in 2014, increased by 47.83%, 80.59%, 12.21%, and 72.19%, and 38.84%, respectively. In 2018, the group with very low (<10 g/kg) of organic matter, the group with low (65-100 mg/kg) of soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, the group with very low (<10 mg/kg) of soil available phosphorus, the group with medium (0.50-1.0 mg/kg) of soil available boron and the group with very high content (>400 mg/kg) of exchangeable magnesium group decreased by 46.0%, 17.02%, 16.57%, 41.36% and 30.87% compared with 2014, respectively. The group with high and very high content of effective zinc reached 80.14% and 85.37% in 2014 and 2018, respectively; And the group with moderate and above exchangeable magnesium content was ranged from 76.05% to 83.54%. The soil organic matter and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen contributed the most to the soil fertility of tobacco-growing soil in 2014 and 2018, respectively. In 2018, the average value of soil fertility index for tobacco-growing soil was 0.49, and the coefficient of variation was 26.53%. The soil with lower, medium and higher soil fertility index accounted for 20.66%, 61.29% and 17.03%, respectively. Compared with 2014, the percentage of lower and higher soil fertility index increased by 3.43% and 0.13%, respectively, and the percentage of medium soil fertility index decreased by 1.88%. There was no difference between low and medium soil fertility in each county ( city) in 2014 and 2018, only the higher soil fertility grade in Mile city showed significantly higher in 2018 than that in 2014. 【Conclusion】 The overall fertility of tobacco-growing soil in Honghe prefecture was good and the variation was small. Soil organic matter and alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen content were the main factors affecting the soil fertility of tobacco-growing soil in Honghe prefecture. The soil showed high content of available zinc and exchangeable magnesium, abundant organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and available potassium, but lack of available boron content. It is recommended to increase the use of boron fertilizer and reasonably control the application of zinc and magnesium fertilizers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to investigate the appropriate amount and tillage effect of straw-rotted organic fertilizer + vertical rotary tillage in tobacco production in Hunan's tobacco-rice rotation, with the aim of improving the soil environment of tobacco planting in Hunan and providing scientific basis for improving the quality and increasing the yield of tobacco. [ Method] The experiment used 7 treatments in randomized group design, Tl: no straw-rotted organic fertilizer + conventional tillage; T2: straw-rotted organic fertilizer 1150 kg/hm² + conventional tillage; T3: straw-rotted organic fertilizer 2300 kg/hm² + conventional tillage; T4: straw-rotted organic fertilizer 4600 kglhm2 + conventional tillage; TS: application of straw-rotted organic fertilizer 1150 kg/hm² + vertical rotary tillage ; T6: application of straw-rotted organic fertilizer 2300 kg!hm2 + vertical rotary tillage; T7: application of straw-rotted organic fertilizer 4600 kg/hm² + vertical rotary tillage. The effects of different treatments on soil nutrients, agronomic traits of tobacco plants, physical traits, appearance quality, chemical composition and economic traits of tobacco leaves after baking were studied by ANOV A and comprehensive evaluation. [ Result] The application of straw-rotted organic fertilizer + vertical rotary tillage significantly increased soil organic matter and fast-acting nutrient content, and the highest soil fertility level was achieved when the straw-rotted organic fertilizer was applied at 4600 kg/hm² . At the same level of organic fertilizer application, the treatment of organic fertilizer + vertical rotary tillage had higher soil nutrients, agronomic properties of tobacco plants, physical properties of post-baking tobacco leaves, appearance quality, chemical composition and economic properties than the treatment of organic fertilizer alone. Among them, the 17 treatment had the highest appearance quality and chemical compatibility scores, with an average increase of 19. 86%, 3. 70% and 11. 53%, 2. 78% compared with Tl and T4. The tobacco yield and production value of 17 treatment increased by 12. 85%, 8. 10% and 26. 84%, 10. 46% compared with Tl and T4. The rate of top quality tobacco increased by 13. 80 and 6. 71 percentage points compared with Tl and T4. [Conclusion ] The application of 4600 kg/hm² straw-rotted organic fertilizer + vertical rotary tillage was the best, and most beneficial to the production of high-quality tobacco in the tobacco-rice rotation area of Hunan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to explore the suitable straw returning methods for grain production in the Zitong River Basin. [Method] The impacts of straw non-returning (BR), straw mulching (FR), straw burying (MR) and straw heap back to field (DR) on soil fertility and grain production were investigated. [Result] Total nitrogen, available phosphorous and organic matter contents treated with FR, MR and DR increased by 18. 6 -38. 2 mg/kg, 5. 6 - 6 . 5 mg/kg, 0. 6 -2. 3 g/kg compared to BR treatment, respectively. The yield of rice, wheat, reap and corn increased by (1. 1 - 1. 3) x 10³, (0. 7 - 0. 8) x 10³, (0. 3 - 0. 5) x 10³, (0. 7 - 1. 0) x 10³ kg/hm², respectively. Returning straw to the field has significant effects on soil nutrients and grain yield. The contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorous and organic matter in DR treatment were significantly higher than FR and MR treatment, and the yield was slightly higher than FR and MR treatment. Rice, rape and corn all achieved the greatest economic benefits under DR treatment, with an average increase of 15. 6%, 27. 2%, 32. 1% compared with FR and MR, respectively. That of wheat on FR and FR was the same, 26. 7% higher than MR treatment. [Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis of the effect of soil fertility in the cultivated, grain yield and economic benefits, heap back to field is more conducive to the fertilization and grain production of the rice, rape and corn fields in the Zitong River Basin, and the straw mulching and heap back to field are both beneficial to the small grain production in the wheat field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to under stand the status of soil nutrient abundance and deficiency in Honghe tobacco-growing area. [Method] 881 tobacco-growing soil samples were collected from different counties (cities) in Honghe tobacco-growing area, and 6 soil nutrient indicators were determined and analyzed. [ Result] The results showed that the average pH value of tobacco-growing soils in 7 counties( cities) was within the suitable growth range of flue-cured tobacco (5. 5 -7. 0), except Shiping county, which was slightly lower. Except for Jianshui ( 23, 66 g/kg) county and Luxi county ( 24. 93g/kg), the average content of organic matter in tobacco-growing soils in other counties( cities) was higher than that in suitable tobacco-growing aoils ( 1S -25 g/kg). The highest proportion of low content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (AN < 100 mg/kg) was Jianshui county (52. 63 % ), the highest proportion of available phosphorus ( >40 mg/kg) was Shiping county ( 37. 95 % ), the lowest proportion of available phosphorus ( < 20 mg/kg) was Gejiu city ( 90. 47 % ), the highest proportion of excessive water-soluble chlorine ( > 45 mg/kg) was Jianshui county ( 6. 57 % ) . [ Conclusion] The soil nutrient fertility in Honghe tobacco growing area belongs to the middle and upper level, which was more suitable for flue-cured tobacco cultivation. It is suggested that tobacco- growing counties( cities) with slightly poor soil suitability should adjust the existing fertilization schemes according to tobacco leaf quality in order to improve soil nutrient status and tobacco leaf quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】Through the comparison of models, the present paper aimed to explore the influence of ’chninese milk vent Returning to the Field coupled with rice and fish symbiosis’ on the soil nutrients and yield of rice, and provided a scientific basis for efficient and high-quality rice production and sustainable development.【Method】In this experiment, four treatments including conventional rice planting as a control(CK), chninese milk vent Returning to the Field(ZD), rice and fish symbiosis(YD),chninese milk vent Returning to the Field coupled with rice and fish symbiosis(ZY), measuring, analysis and comparison of the contents of soil nutrients(organic matter,total nitrogen, total phosphorus,total potassium and their effective state), rice yield and yield component index of each treatment were performed.【Result】Compared with CK, YD, ZD and ZY can effectively improve the soil fertility of rice in the current season, and ZY has the best effect. Compared with CK, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and their effective state content of ZY mature period were increased by 16.40 %, 18.18 %, 20.63 %, 3.42 %, 7.71 %, 15.96 % and 1.85 %(P<0.05); ZD can effectively alleviate soil acidification, and the soil pH at maturity was 6.06,which compared with CK, YD and ZY, it increased by 0.04, 0.12 and 0.08 units, and the difference was significant(P <0.05);Compared with CK,ZY, ZD, and YD can increase the yield of rice in the season effectively, and ZY has the highest yield of rice, reaching 6.29 t/hm~2. Compared with CK, ZD and YD, the actual yield of ZY increased by 4.83 %-11.33 %,and the difference was significant(P <0.05).【Conclusion】In summary, chinese milk vent returning to the field coupled with rice and fish symbiosis can effectively improve soil fertility and significantly increase rice production in the current season, which was an greenand efficient way of fertilizing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to understand the influence of planting years on the soil fertility characteristics of wine vine-yards at the eastern foot of Ilelan mountain in Ningxia, and to provide a basis for the sustainable development of wine industry. [Method] vineyard rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil of 3 years,8 years and 20 years were collected from Ganchengzi district of Qingtongxia city at the eastern foot of Helan mountain in Ningxia, and soil fertility variation characteristics were measured. [Result] The pH value and electrical conductivity of grape rhizosphere soil were higher than that of non-rhizosphere soil regardless of the planting years. The total N, total K, organic carbon and available K in grape soil were increasing first and then decreasing under different planting years. The average content of total N, total K, organic; carbon and available K were the highest at 8 years. The content of alkaline N, available F and total P in grape soil increased with the planting years. There was no significant difference in microbial biomass C, N and P in grape rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil between 3 years and 20 years. [Conclusion] With the increase of planting years, nutrient enrichment rate in root zone was weaker and weaker, but the soil fertility was accumulated in the vineyard with the planting years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]