秸秆还田对梓潼江流域土壤肥力及粮食生产的影响.

[Objective] The present paper aimed to explore the suitable straw returning methods for grain production in the Zitong River Basin. [Method] The impacts of straw non-returning (BR), straw mulching (FR), straw burying (MR) and straw heap back to field (DR) on soil fertility and grain production were investigated. [Result] Total nitrogen, available phosphorous and organic matter contents treated with FR, MR and DR increased by 18. 6 -38. 2 mg/kg, 5. 6 - 6 . 5 mg/kg, 0. 6 -2. 3 g/kg compared to BR treatment, respectively. The yield of rice, wheat, reap and corn increased by (1. 1 - 1. 3) x 10³, (0. 7 - 0. 8) x 10³, (0. 3 - 0. 5) x 10³, (0. 7 - 1. 0) x 10³ kg/hm², respectively. Returning straw to the field has significant effects on soil nutrients and grain yield. The contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorous and organic matter in DR treatment were significantly higher than FR and MR treatment, and the yield was slightly higher than FR and MR treatment. Rice, rape and corn all achieved the greatest economic benefits under DR treatment, with an average increase of 15. 6%, 27. 2%, 32. 1% compared with FR and MR, respectively. That of wheat on FR and FR was the same, 26. 7% higher than MR treatment. [Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis of the effect of soil fertility in the cultivated, grain yield and economic benefits, heap back to field is more conducive to the fertilization and grain production of the rice, rape and corn fields in the Zitong River Basin, and the straw mulching and heap back to field are both beneficial to the small grain production in the wheat field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]